Evening Star Newspaper, January 24, 1933, Page 4

MANCHUKUO GAINS UNDER NEW ORDER Ten Months’ Progress De-! velops Plan Including Teacher Training. Mr. Keen, who is staff correspondent of the New York Herald Tribune in China, with headquarters at Shangha. begins today a series of siz articles on the nmew State of Manchukuo, written at Hsinking, formerly Changchun, the new cepital. BY VICTOR KEEN. Copsright. 193, New York Tribune, Inc. HSINKING (Changchun), Manchu- kuo, December 14—Manchukuo, fa-} thered by Japan and born amid inter- national strife, has made undeniable g its 10 months of “in- dependent™ | ‘Whether or not the new state is the | result of the “spontaneous action of 30,000,000 Chinese.” as the Japanese would have us believe, is now more an academic than a practical question.| Manchukuo is now a ‘“fait accompli” with or without the official recognition of the world powprs. i Any visitor to the riew capital, re- named Hsinking, cannot but be im- pressed with the fact that the new state takes itself extremely seriously. Grandiose plans for rallway construc- tion, currency and educational reform and Industrial enterprise are being projected. Everywhere there is evi- dence of governmental activity. Jap-| anese influence is noticeable in every | department of the new government, and it is significant to note that out of 27 principal governmental officials whose appointments were made public last Summer, only eight were Chinese. Premier Is Chinese. One of the most venerable Chinese | officials in the new regime is Cheng ! su, premier and concurrently minister of education. Cheng. essen- tially & monarchist, held the post of chief justice in Anhwei Province and | Iater at Canton under the Empress Dow- ager. He was opposed to the Chinese revolution and belicves that the Re- public of China has been a dismal fall- re. Y The premier is an eminent scholar and poet and a famous calligraphist. Serving as tutor to the boy Emperor, Henry Pu-yi, for seven years, the pre- mier Is still a cevoted admirer of the Chief Executive of Manchukuo. Sir Reginald Johnston, who was for many vears the English tutor of Pu-yi, says of Chang: “His name and reputation stands extremely high in those achol-} arly circles rcpresentative of the Old Chine of classical tradition. He s un- | doubtedly cne of the most learned ‘and ! accomplished of his generation in China, and !s perhaps the most distin- guished of living Chinese: poets. He was opposed to the revelution from the beginning, not cnly because of his de- votion to the cause of the Imperial house (with men like Cheng loyaity is part of their Peligicn), but also because as a Chinese patriot he sincerely be- lieved ‘end still believes that the revo- luticn was a ghastly misteke and al terrible calamity for China.” Shows Antipathy for Kuomintang. | In an Interview granted to me at his | official residence the premier clenrly‘ evidenced his antipathy for the Kuo-! mintang in expressing his views on the subject of educational reform in Man- chukuo. He is emphatically in favor | of celeiing from the Manchukuo text| books all references to the “Three Peo- ple’s Principles,” which are so thor- oughly expounded and indorsed in all of the school bocks in China proper. The minister of education declared: “All of the former tert books used in | Manchuria will have to be revised b'-l cause -they teach the ‘Three People's | Principles;’ which are not in harmony with the ideals of the new regime.” Mr. Cheng pointed out that the two! most pressing educational problems of the moment are the revision of text books and the training of new teachers who will be sympathetic toward the as- pirations of the new government. He | went on to say that “a standardized system of text books, reflecting the| ideals of the new government, must be evolved, and new teachers must be ob- tained who are in sympathy with those new teachings before any real progress can be made in education. Peiping Textbooks Used. Most of the old school books already have been abolished, ard. for the p ent, text bocks used i Pdrlng in 1920 are being substitute Although the Chinese fiangunle will be the official Janguage in the new schools. com- pulsory study of Japanese also is being introduced. = English, which formerly was the secondary Manchurian schcols, will still be of- fered, but its study will be optional. 1 questicned the premier on the question of cxtra-territorial rights of foreigners in Manchukuo, which was being widely discussed at the time of the establishment of the new state. At that time numerous articles Aap- peared in the vernacular press in Japan hinting that foreign nations which re- fused to recognize Manchukuo would | in due course of time be deprived of their extra-territorial privileges in Manchuria. The premier assured me that the extra-territoriality question is not con- sidered an importent problem by pres- ent government officials. “Ever since the government was inaugurated on March 1 of this year it has been chiefly concerned with dcmestic problems | such as financial and banking reforms language in the | d THE EVEN ING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY. City Riddled by Japanese Guns MAP SHOWING WHERE BATTLE LINES ARE DRAWN. CHINA' WAR FEVER ALARMS APANESE Geneva and Nanking Stir| Fear in Tokio—Major | Offensive Lcoms. (Continued From First Page) the militarists to understand that their armies are not personal but belong to the nation, and third, a truce with the Chinese communicts during the anti-| Japaness campaign. transferring the communist armies to defend Nanking end the lower Yangtze regions. Ting declared “Our country does not belong to Gen. | Chiang Kai-Shek, though as chairman | of the military council he assumes the | greatost responsibility.” | Ting statés that China's non-resist- | nce would speed realization of Japan's Aslatic Monroe Doctrine and that Japen must be made to pay the price for s2iz- ing ‘Chinece territory. “We ‘dd_hot expett that by our re- sistance the. Japanese . will abandon thelr plzne,” says Ting. “Our exist- ence also lit?!n arce. and. if we desire help others, we must first help ourselves.” (Copyrizht. 1933.) MAJOR OFFENSIVE LOOMS. Planes Bomb Kailu Fifth Time. Japanese for aerial, bombardment on Kallu, key city in Ndrtheast Jehol, for the third suc- | cessive day, was reported today in die- patches frem that Sino-Japanese front Fires were started in the town and Chinese troops concentrating there were reported scettzred. A Chinese army, estimated by Japanese acrial observ to totzl about 33,000, was massed that région | The Japanese bombing planes were | dizpatched from Tungliao, Manchuria. | a railroad center and Japanese military base across the border. The aerial raid was the fifth in two weeks and indiceted a possibility that the planes may be clearing the way for | a Japanese offensive. All other Japa- | nese attacks this vers | in | month—on Shan- | haikwan and the cities along the Great Wall of China on the Southeastern Je- | hol border were preceded by similar | raids. Japanese military leaders insisted. | however, the much reralded campaign to bring Jehol, now under Chinese ad- Jehol. JEHOL PROVINCE CHIKF Upper: =/ Lhe effect of a three-day land, air and sea bombardment of Shln-! ds on International bal- haikwan by Japenese forces is here shown. The picture was made after the from | capture of the city by the Japanese. Shanhaikwan is an important railroad center in North China and serves as a base for the Japanese advance toward expected #ocn in Jehol and Northern area were reliably estimated between indicated by numerals on map. Western Jeho!, 50,00 Arrows (A, B and (Associated Press telephoto frqm San Francisco.) Lower: Map showing where a major battle between Japan and China is Chinar Chinese armies in the troubled 150,000 and 250,000 men, distributed as 1, in_Eastern Jehol, 36,000; 2. in Central and 3, fecing Shanhalkwan, 10,000; 4, between Chinwangtao and Changli, 20,000; 5, between Changli and Lwanchow, 50,000: TOKIO, January 24 (P).—A Japanese | Tiengsin and the Lwan River, 30,000; 7. in the vicinity of Peipin C)- indicate the direction of Japanese advance on Jehol between 30,000. L00 HEADS CATER T0INMATES TASTE Fastidious and Voracious Ap- petites Require Special Attention. How the National Zoological Park caters to the appetites of the voracicus - ON305 BEER BILL \Woman’s Law Enforcement Group Head Doubts Its Constitutionality. | ! By the Associated Press. Constitutionality of the Collier-Blaine ministration, under the government of bears and seals, the fastidious monkeys | beer bill was challenged again today by Manchukuo will not begin for several | weeks. (A Shanghai dispatch today | said greater numbers of Jepanese troops and birds of paradise, er the tempera- mental snakes and lizards was described | Mrs. Henry W. Peabody, general chair- man of the Woman's National Commit- are massing along the Manchurian Rail- 'to a National Broadcasting Co. audi- | tée for Law Enforcement, in a letter to way, paralleling the Eastern Jehol boT- | ence yesterday afternoon by Charles members of the Senate Judiclary Com- etween Shanhail pangtse. This is a considerable distance | sistant, Frank Stepper. The broad- van_and KOW- | Trevey, chef at the park, snd his as- | mittee. zouth of Kallu, but near Chinhsi, where | cast was arranged by the Greater Na.| ,APPrOVAl of a 3.05 beer—3.3 per cent three Japanese forces have converged on tional Capital Committee, Washington | 2lcohol by volume—as ‘non-intoxicat- the Jehol border). A main route from Kailu leads south- | westward to Chihfeng, about 200 miles, | and the City of Jehol, about 300 miles, ' perjence as a cook for the 2,400 guests | two important cities of the province. | The latter is the capital, | PREMIER'S DEATH DENIED. ! Muto Also Unhurt, Says Legation at perhaps the most important food item | Shanghai. i SHANGHAI January 24 (®).—Mar- | shal Tuan Chi-Jui, former President of China, arrived here today after impor- | tant military conferences in Nanking, seat of the Nationalist government. The purpose of the discussions, called by Gen, Chiang Kal-8hek, T. V. Soong and the elimination of banditry,” Mr., Cheng stated. He added: “No matter | what action may be taken by the! League of Natlons regarding recogni- tion of Manchukuo, the extra-terri- torial treaty right of foreigners, irre-| spective of whether their respective governments grant recognition to Man- chukuo, will be respected.” Provinces Included. ‘The present geographic divisions of Manchukuo include the three former provinces of Fergtien, Kirin' and Hei- lungkiang and the new province known as Hsingan, which comprises part of Inner Mongolia known as the Barga district and a portion of what was for- merly Heilungkiang. Jehol Province is theoretically included in Manchu- quo, but thus far its government, Tang Yu-lin, has remained aloof and still performs lip shervice to Chang Hsueh- liang. The premier declared that the gov- emment of Manchukuo is determined to bring Jehol under its administra- tion, and that if Tang Yu-lin refuses to co-operate with the new government he will be removed from office. He went on to say that the gzpulnce cf Jehol has shown itself to in sym- pathy with the aspirations of the new state of Manchuria and that Tang Yu-lin will not be allowed to stand in the way of Manchukuo's unification. ‘ Judging from the past attitude of | Tang Yu-lin, it appears unlikely thut| he will consent to “be removed” except by the force cf arms. He was at one time an official under Chani 'l'no-lm.l but has never been on the friendliest terms with the young marshal. It is not logical to assume that he would be willing to lose his lucrative nplum| revenues in Jehol in return for the privil of incorporating his province with e?fe new state of Manchuria. Although the XManchukuo govern- ment, as constituted at present, is provisionally constitutional, there ap- pears to be a strong movement in cer- tain quarters to create a monarchial state with Henry Pu-yi, the present Chief Executive, as Emperor. I believe that the premier favors an eventful monarchy Eecl\l” he feels that such a form of government is better sulted to the Chinese people than a republican system.- . s . o When T questioned him on the sub- dect, Mr, Cheng said: “It is egjdent » | by other forelgn powers in its present | and other government chiefs, was to organize & united front against Japan in North China. The presence of Mar- shal Tuan, rebel leader three years ago and long friendly with the Japa- | nese, was regarded as significant. | Marshal Chang Hsiao-Liang. military commander of North China. was alse present and returned to his headquar- ters at Peiping. Reports that he had ! ordered an immediate offensive were not verified. He sald he was ‘“de- termined to fight only if the Japanese attack once more.” Tlentsin dispatches | sald he was ccntinuing to pour troops | northward toward Shanhalkwan from ere. One Chinese soldier was reported killed in a raid on Shanhaikwan, the | Chinese city which has been held by the Japanese since January 3. Japa- nese troops routed the raiding party, the report said. that there is a strong feeling among the people of Manchukuo favoring a monarchial form of government. If the ple strongly desire a restoration of the monarchy the Manchukuo gov- ernment will pay due respect to their wishes. But this guestion will take| time to decide. As far as the near fu- ture is concerned, the present system of government will remain unchanged.” I do not believe that Japanese of- ficials favor a monarchial restoration at the present juncture. They appar- ently feel that the infant state has enough domestic problems for the time being without considéring a change in government, and that the new state will have better chances of recognition form. Gen. Nobuyoski Muto, commander of the Japanese Kwantung army and Ja- pan's ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentia; to Manchukue, in- formed me that he did not consider the monarchist movement at present strong enough to be given serigus con- sideration. Like the premier, he feels that no change should be made in the :‘?mmnuve system in the near fu- re, ‘The govemment at present is operat- ing em of organic law, but has no ¢ ution. A legislative com- mittee is now drafting a constitution, which will probakly. be ready for con- ;led.erutlm some time during the coming Beard of Trade, as an advertising fea- ture for Washington. Mr. Trevey spoke from 23 years' ex- at the Zoo. He told how the bears eat 350 pounds of special bear bread a day which is baked from a recipe con- sidered so tasty a Detroit millionaire utes it in his own kitchen. This is at the Zoo and every step is carefully carried out. Sea Lions Most Expensive, ‘The active and playful sea lions, how- ever, are the most expensivie anim to feed. The elephant seal consumes 100 pounds of fresh fish a day and the |smaller sea llons get away with 20 pounds a day each. For fastidiousness, Mr. Trevey said, the monkey has no equal, citing the following menus to prove it: choice of green grass, leaves or cod liver oil, bolled rice, choice of meal worms, eggs, raw and bofled; roast beef, vek!‘.lblu. bran, white or raisin bread, choice of lettuce or kale, choice of rice custard or fruit, topped off with milk, nuts, raisins and sun flower seeds. Likewise a valuable bird of paradise had to b2 tempted with all manner of foods when his bright feathers began to shed and he walked off from his usual fare. Every conceivable morsel or tidbit was offered the ailing bird | to no avall until ant eggs were provided. These, it seemed, hit the spot and the bird thrived on them. Chickens for Rare Snakes. Mr. Stepper told how chickens are hatched for the rarer snakes, which also enjoy the occasional delicacy of a white mouse. Flies and worms are cultivated for the lizards and frogs. The elephant, of course, has the most prodigious daily meals spread be- fore him—75 pounds of hay, eight or 10 loaves of bread, a bucket of crushed oats and occasional mixtures of apples, green grass and leaves. ‘The pelican is in the same class with the sea lion, being the most expensive member of the bird family, by virtue of his enormous capacity for fish. MAN SLAIN IN QUARREL Second Shot in Clash Over Liquor. Suspect Held. MARION, Ky, January 24— (®). QGus Bourdoures, 45, of East St. Louis, Il., was shot and killed last night on a path leading through a woods about 15 miles east of Marion. Spears FPakes, 40, also of Bast St. Louls, wis wounded. Sheriff Ray Malcolm of Crittenden County later arrested Bill Bowen, 38, who lives near the scene of the shoot- fl. Sheriff Malcolm said Bowen shot h men during & quarrel over liquor. {ing” would leave “dry” States unpro- | tected from shipments of such beer, Mrs. Peabody said. |, It will have free access through the | interstate commerce act in States which | hold one-half of 1 per cent a safeguard.” | she contended, adding that to leave such | States unprotected would be “in direct opposition” to that part of the Consti- | tution dealing with privileges of citizens | of a State. State’s Rights Invasion. In a statement issued at the same time Mrs. Peabody said legal authori- | tles had assured her organization that | rights” of States. “For Congress to declare 3.8 per cent alcoholic content by volume non-intoxi- | cating makes the beverage accessible to the States under the interstate com- merce act and removes it from jurisdic- tion of the Webb-Kenyon law, which covers only intoxieating liquors,” the statement said. “‘Women are organizing for political action in many States of the Union to oppose this bill and ratification of re- peal should it be submitted. The fact that children, one-third of the citizens of the United States, have no voice or vote ought to secure protest from the | men in Congress against this bill.” Statement Last Night. The following statement on the beer bill report was given out last night by Mrs. Willlam Tiiton, chairman of the Woman's National Committee for Edu- cation Against_Alcohol: “As I read the report of the Judicias Committee on allowing return of 3. per cent beer on the that it was not intoxicating, but forbidding sale to minors on the ground that it might after all be intoxicating, I ask myself, are the problems confronting our world today—farm relief, unemployment, war debts and so forth—so stupendous that Congress, unable to with , makes believe to do som by pother about 3.08 or. 3,02 per cent beer. “It is enough to make angels laugh or weep—for pother cannot solve one single problem, even such a perplexing problem, to quote Mrs. H. W. Peabody, ‘as the cause and cure of Oongress.’ But let us not blame Congress too much; it is the people that need to come to their senses.” —_ EXCHANGE TO BE OPEN Telephone subscribers in the Silver ‘svrml-lhzhem area will have an op- ISSUES CHALLENGE the beer bill was “an invasion of the | States &nd the votes of fair-minded | 5% LOCAL BEER BILL Anti-Saloon Group Defends Prohibition—Wilson Elected 24th Time. Denouncing the Black bill to legalize beer in the National Capital as “vi- clous,” the Anti-Saloon League of the District of Columbia, in_annual meet- last night at Luther Place Memorial urch, adopted a series of resolutions vigorcusly defending prohibition as a tuperintendent of police, and warned that if the Black bill passed it would mean return of the saloon to the Na- tional c?lm Dr. Andrew Wilson was elected presi- dent cof the league for the twenty- fourth time, and other officers and trustees were elected for the ensuing year. Several lzuk including Dr. F. Scott McBride, general superintendent of the Anti-Baloon League of America; Joseph D. Dr. W. L. Darby, secretary of the and others addressed the meeting to :uvpon n;?htl‘b::lnn I;Ifl warn of the angers whic) now faces from d- ing legisiation. e ‘The rescluticns, presented by Dr. H. W. Burgan, pastor of Hamline Method- ist Er!.scopnl Church, chairman of the Resolutions Committee, were unani- mously adopted. They were vigorous in attacking the Black bill. The reso- lutions will be laid befcre Congress. “Most positively do we denounce the Black beer bill in the House proposing the repeal of the Sheppard law and the legalizing of intoxicating beer in the District of Columbia,” said the resolu- tlens. Referring to both the Black bifl in the House and the similar pending Tydings bill In the Senate, the resolu- tions continued: “Each means the re- turn of the saloon to Washington, if enacted. Either bill is vicious.” “Before the last presidential election there was one thing, and one thing | only, upcn which wets and drys agreed." said the resolutions. “and that was that | the old saloon, with all its attendant | evils, must not return. Both political | parties wrote into their national plat- forms strong oppositicn to the beer salocn of pre-prohfbition days. This proposed law for the District of Co- iumbia does viclence to all these pro- nouncements. ‘The bill permits saloons anywhere in the city. no section is pro- tected, the number in any one locality is not restricted, they may be placed next to churches and ‘scheols, they can | keep open all day Sunday, and many | other safeguards against the evils cf | the saloons in the former days are ab- | sent in this blll. We strongly urge the | people of Washington to protest vig- orously against this measure.” Stand by Prohibition. The resuluticns restated belief in the | | | lished by the eighteenth amendment. and rejoiced in its success ‘“under extremely adverse conditions.” Referring to the “powerful enemies of sobriety and prohibition,” the league challenged “every good citizen to faithtully observe the laws, and to as- sist others in observing the laws.” e picture of ‘The Bucket of Blood,’ Hell's Bottom' and hundreds of simi- lar ‘pl-cel in the old days” eald the resolutions, “contrasted with the clean streets, safe ways, night or day, ‘women, reity of any drunkenness seen in our streets causes us to plead | for prohibition and ir mind toward the good reults that are evident to those who know the long history of the District under lquor shops, and the decency we have now under pro- hibition. We therefore call upon the | constituted authorities to give their best efforts at the enforcement of the law. the punishment of violators with such Vigor that law will adequately protect the patriotic cltizen and penalize the iawless bootlegger. We especially urge | the severest penalties upon those who employ boys and young men as errand runners—as drivers of the bootlegger's trucks and automobiles. Fines are not adequate to meet such low practices.” Brown's Selection Praised. ‘The District Commissioners were commended on the appointment of Maj. | Brown as superintendent of police, this section of the resolution also adding: ‘We Dbelieve that the successful work of the prohibition squad, under the di- r:ctxon %( Llelu!. George Little dt serves and receives the hearty a val { of all law-abiding citizens. v e The publicity given to “untruth” on the beverage use of alcohol by the radic, | the newspaper “and other printed m: terials, as well as the motion picture, was deplored by the resolutions, which declared “such deliberate misrepre- gentation of the facts contributes a most_sinister menace to the welfare nd happiness of every child in Amer- fca.” ~Attention of public school au- thorities was called to the law requir- ing instruction on the “narcotic nature and detrimental effect of the beverage use C?z‘n Llco:aul.” “Continued zeal” of the Women: Christian Temperance Unicn of th: District of Columbia was commended, and the league reaffirmed the pro- nouncement of the Anti-Saloon League of America on prohibition generally. Continuance of prohibition as a mat- ter of “public good and private well- being” was urged because ‘“‘America stands so far in advance of all coun- tries where liquor is freely sold, in public health, business welfare, child welfare, education, social work, saving: insurance, and many other items.” Mr. Kelly urged the league to into action immediately if it wished :: save prchibition. Declaring it would 2 4 amendment to the Constitution, Mr. Kelly characterized the national pro- hibition act as & “wonderful piece of legislation.” He described the method of making arrests for violaticns of the liquor laws here in the District, the use h:x{mi;rorxllmn. and the procedure in han x iquor cases in court. id that trict Attorney Hart knew the personal history of virtually every man who had liquor laws in this city. Legal Complications Feared. Passage of the Black beer bill, he pre- dicted, would ecomplicate the legal sit- uation in the District. For instance, he referred to the law against operat- ing an automobile under the influence of liquor, and painted a word picture of & man in the future becoming in- toxicated on the so-called “non-intoxi- cal beer of the Black beer bill, be- ing picked up a8 a “drunk” by a po- liceman. of what does with the beer bills, Mr. Kelly said, it would be for the courts finally to de- JANUARY LEAGUE DENOUNGES £ Kelly, attorney of this city; | Washington Federation of Churches, | | policy of national prohibition as estab- | ckward step” to repeal an | ant United States Dis- | ever been convicted of violating the | 24, 1933. - d are Jrepa to meet it 3 ehu"rx::g- in Washington— Jewish, Catholic and Protestant—he thought. “ought to take common | srmmu to make protest the lack bill effective, in order that we shall not go back to bad old days, but g0 forward to better days.” Dr. Walter H. Brooks, pastor of Nine- teenth Street Colored iptist Church, told of his temperance activities since 1875, and warned that' if the saioon were allowed the be back again. Others who spoke briefly included Albert E. Shoemaker, executive secre- tary and attorney of the league, whd introduced Dr. Brooks, Dr. Wil son, the gmldenl of the league, reviewed his 23 years as president. | Work among young people was regorted by George M. Gooch, chair- | men of the committee for this activity. Referring to an educational campaign among both white and colored, he ex- pressed the cpinion that “interest of young people in the cause of temper- ance here renks high among the citles of America.” Officers elected, In addition to the president, included: President pro tem, Theodore A. Hostetler; vice presidents, | Bishop Willlam Fraser Mc¢Dowell, Cloyd Heck Marvin, Dr. Carl C. Ras mussen, Dr. Ben, Leonerd De Qast, \ Cartney, Gen. A. 5. Daggett and Prof. Kelly Miller; chaplain, Rev. C. H.! | Butler; secretary, Mrs. Elizabeth L. | Newburgh: treasurer, George M. | Gooch: executive secretary and attor- | ney, Albert E. Shoemaker. inutes of the last meetin, | Tead by the retiring secretary, | who ‘were . a harles | Williams, and the treasurer's report | was presented by Charles 8. Easterling. Vocal duets were presented by Mrs. | Ethel H. Reed, soprano, and Mrs. | Helen Edgar Lancarier, contralto, | companied by Mrs. Mildred Dupree, DRYS DEMAND BREAD INSTEAD OF BEER IN VIGOROUS ATTACK | | general business conditions in Wash- | ington, Mr. Nichol said the merchants | of Washington who support the legal- ization of the liquor business in any form are inviting onto their streets the keenest competitors in the world. | Sees Fewer Temptations. Mrs. Wilson Compton, representing the Young Women's Christian Assocla- tion, said: belleve I speak for the majority of our membership when I say we be- lieve the temptations and problems of young women have been less underi prohibition than in the days of the old saloon. We recognize the failures of our present system, but we must give | our protest against the Black bill— which would present temptations and contribute to delinquency by making saloons of virtually every eating place in_Washington 2 aE “We feel that passage of the Black bill and the repeal of the existing Shep- | pard bill will place Washington in a| far worse plight than before national prohibition. Instead of preventing the return of the saloon, it ficenm selling places of liquor with far fewer saf ,unrds against the evils than were en- (Continued From First Page) stea ered morals and lowered resistance to' economic conditions, would be increased | immeasurabl become law. Declared Intoticating. Mrs. Joseph N. Saunders. president of the D. C. Congress of Parents and Teachers, attacked the bill on the ground that the beer it to | legalize is actually intoxicating and | would have the effect of nullifying the | Constitution. She pointed out that the | National Congress of Parents and ! Teachers often has gone on record as | opposing any change in the existing | prohibition laws. ! Mrs. Harvey W. Wiley, president of | || the Federation of Women'’s Clubs of | the District, told the committee, “those ' who say that prohibition is a failure are those who have not made it their personal obligation to make it a suc. cess. Drinking among the upper classes is a fad. If a crusade could be dulg:d in to make sobriety fashionable, | real prohibition would come about in | & comparatiVely short time.” | She said it was her belief that the | majority of club women in the fed- eration would regard the legalizing of | beer in Washington as a calamity. | “The claim is frequently made that i | beer is not an intoxicating liquor, and || | beer drinking countries are frequently | referred to as relatively free from in- | temperance,” she declared. “This is | contrary to evidence. Before the war QGermany, one of the heavy beer-drink- Ing nations, had more than 30 insti- | tutions for the treatment of drunkards. | Of the drinkers received for treatment {in a Swiss hospital between 1887 and 11893, 39 out of every 100 drank beer, | or beer and wine. In Munich. one man | | in every 16 was found in hospital past- | mortem examinations to have had what was cailed a beer heart.” 1 Held Unconstitutional. | _The beverage proposed in the bill | was attacked as being unconstituticnal | and intoxicating by Mrs. W. H. Wa | leigh. president of the Women's Chris- tian Temperance Union of the District. I ‘e believe the bill under considera- | tion,” ghe said, “would be unconstitu- tional as it would restore beer of very | nearly the alcoholic content of the pre- | Voistead beverage. Weéts and drys alike | | have testified that the revenue from | | even 4 per cent beer will not go very| far toward balancing the budget. You; | have just as much moral right to | legaiize narcotics as you have to legalize | | the habit-forming drugs found in al-} | cohol. | | “A weak argument always must be supported by extravagant statements | right and truth and so, are bound to | win in the long run. | Louis B. Nichols, representing the or- ganized Bible Class ation of the Distriet, told the committee it is poor economics, particularly in the period of expenditure of vast sums for Hon-essen- m'r products, like beer, in order to se- curé & comparatively small return in Tevenue. For the Government to legalise the sale of liquor for the sake of revenue, he continued, is to place itself under obli- gations which permit the virtual control of the Government by lawless traffic. SAVE MONEY BY BUYING GREAT VALLEY ~ ANTHACITE Great Valley is & genuine hard coal in vuml-.mlt is a hard ceal. Great Valley is the ONLY 'Vir- Anthracite that is cleaned an ULTRA-MODERN clean- purities. ing plast, eliminating imj Per Ton, 2240 Lbs. Great Valley Stove..$12.00 Great Valley Chestnut 12.00 Great Valley Pea... 9.50 JAMES E. COLLIFLOWER & CO,, INC. 1001 15th Street N.W. South Dr. | exhaustive inquiry, to be nom-intoxi- | cating. orced under the old system. Our prob- || lem as a welfare organization, becoming ly a more serious one, with low- || if the Black bill were to ||/ and untruths, but the strength of the ||| 80 | drys is that they are on the side of ! | financial stringency, to encourage the | BEER ACTION BASED ONBRITISH STUDY == English Central Control Board Found 3.05 Alcohol to Be Non-Intoxicating. By the Assoclated Pre: Attention has been centered on the report of the central control board of Great Britain on what conatitutes an intoxicating Jiquor by the Senate Judi- ‘e'l.x':y Committee’s adoption of its find- TFe committee fixed the permissable alcoholic content in the Collier-Blaine | beer and wihe bill 2t 3.05 per cent by | welght. This percentige was held by the official British commission after an The commission found that “any form of alcohclic liquor can cause drunkenness, if such a quantity of it is taken, at once or within a short time, a8 will lead to the presence of ihe drug in the blood above a certain proportion, | which in the case of the average | healthy adult may be put provisionally | at from 0.15 to 0.2 per cent.” The smaller percentage, it found, would be produced by a gill and a half. of whisky at proof or more than four | pints of 4 per cent beer. | Whisky 49.28 Per Cent. | An appendix to the report explained | that whisky contains 49.28 per cent of | alcohol by weight and 57.10 per cent by | volume. Senate leaders today predicted | early consideration of legislation de- signed to change the prohibition laws, | in view of indications of a break in the | long debate on the Glass banking bill. | However, appropriation bilis will have | the right of way and there is a chance the beer and wine bill and repeal reso- | :nuon might get caught in a legislative ; &l m. i Senator Blaine, Republican, of Wis- | consin, seeks & vote on the repeal reso- | lution before the measure to modify the Volstead act is taken up. The Colller- | Blaine bill now is before the Finance Committee for study of its tax features, but it may be reported back to the Sen- ate this week. A study was' made by the British commission into the effect of alcohol as a food, on the mind. the muscles, the digestion, the respiration, the body temperature, its poison action, its use as a medicine and its resuit on longevity. Among its findings were: “A gingle dose—about 2% ounces of whisky at proof, or 13, pints of beer— in an adult accustomed to moderate use of alcohol exerts little or ho appreciable influence on the performance of him of a muscular act of simple character not demanding precision. a preliminary to prbidnged exposure to d to be rfl :; mwn"" : lemned. en,. op (the other hand, the exposure to 1 the exposure to cdid 1s at an end and ditions promoting may have genuine therapeutic agent. in other connections were unknown, would still be a valuable item in the pharmacopoeia.” “True Utility Obscured.” “Its true utility, however, js liable to be obscured by the unthinking at- tzibution to it of various activities which it does not possess and by the popular custom of recourse to it in al- most_every kind of emergency. “The temperate consumption of al- cohol ‘may be considered to be physi- ologically harmless in the case of the large majority of normal adults. “On the other hand, it is certainly true that alcoholic beverages are in no way necessary for healthy life; that they are harmful or dangerous if the above mentioned precautions are not observed: further, that they are defi- nitely injurious for children and for most persons of unstable nervous system it RED CROSS APPEALS FOR GARMENT WORK Volunteers Asked to Sew and As- semble Clothing for Wash- ington's Needy. ‘The District of Columbia Chapter of the American Red Cross today issued an urgent appeal for volunteer workers to aid in sewing and assembling thou- sands of garments for Washington's needy this Winter. Although many volunteers have aided the chapter in this work to date, there still remains much to be done, accord- ing to officials of the organization. The production department of the chapter has prepared a large quantity of gar- ments which await assembling and sewing. The work, the chapter points out, may be done by volunteers either at the chapter house, 1730 E street, or at_home. During December 1,323 volunteer workers put in a total of 18,288 hours in the various departments of the Dis- trict chapter, according to a report for that period. In the groductian of garments alone. 1,039 workers put in & total of 15,037 hours, during which time they made 6,702 garments from Government cotton, besides other wear- ing apparel. More than 30,000 gar- ments were distributed through vari- ous social agencies. Four Killed in Fight. ATHENS, Greece, January 24 (#).— ‘For acts requiring skill the inference fi seems to be that their performance tends to be temporarily impaired after a | dese of even less. “The taking of alcohol during, or as —which means we are bargains in a decade. 65c and $1 Cravats Cravats $2.50, $3.50 and $5 Cravats ....... Mode and some tab collars. $2.50 and $3 Shirts Madras Shirts $1.50 and $2 grades S0c and 75¢ Linen White and Colored Undershirts Rich Brocade Robes: We’ve ripped right into the prices of . Haberdashery Neckwear $1.50, $1.65 and $2 ....$139—3 for $4 Collar attached, separate collars to match; $1.65 and $1.95 Shirts. .99¢—3 for $2.85 ...$1.59—3 for $4.50 $3.50, $4 and $4.50 Finest Imported Daffodil Silk Shirts. Pajamas and Lounging Pajamas $2.50 and $3 grades .. $3.50, $4 and $5 grades . ... $5, $7.50 and $9—pure silk . Hosiery S0c, 75c¢ silk, lisle and wool, 39¢—3 for $1 $1, $1.50 silk, lisle and Mufflers $3.50 and $5 Silk Mufflers Imported Ribbed Striped Silk Handkerchiefs Handkerchiefs . ... Underwear S0c and 75c Pull-Over Celanese Silk $1 Athletic Union Suits, 49c—3 for $1.40 Fine Madras Lounging Robes All-wool flannel; stripes and plain eolors— Reduced from $5 and $6 to. and fine Imported Wool Robes—Re« duced from $8 and $10¢o ........... The Mode—F at Eleventh Macedonia, in a fight between municip: authorities and. 2,000 textile workers who protested against a supplementary tax on the textile industry. giving you the biggest ..-39¢c—3 for $1 ..89¢—3 for $2.50 Shirts .$1.99—3 for $5.50 .$2.59—3 for $7.50 ..$1.9 ..$3.95 . .89c—3 for $2.50 29c—3 for 75¢ Initials—Imported 39¢—3 for $1 oo ..39c—3 for $1 silk lined throughout— 35%