Evening Star Newspaper, January 24, 1933, Page 2

STATE AID SOUGHT ON FARM RELIEF New Control Plan Proposed by Editor Relieves U. S. of Burden. By the Associated Press. A new idea contemplating active co- operation of States with the Federal Government in administering the do- mestic allotment plan of farm relief was put forward today for consideration of the Senate Agriculture Committee. It was presented by W. R. Ronald, editor of the Evening Republican, Mitch- | ell, S. Dak,, as an answer to arguments often raised against the bill as passed by the House. Ronald, who has played a prominent part in advancing the voluntary allot- ment plan, expressed his views in a letter to Senator Norbeck, Republican, South Dakota. Under his proposal, responsibility for obtaining prescribed acreage reductions would be placed with the States. Only if a State made the required curtail- ment of production would it be eligible to receive the allotment money for dis- tribution among its producers. Puts Tax on Processors, The plan, as it passed the House Jan- ary 12, provides for a tax on the miller, packer or other processor of wheat, | cotton, tobacco, hogs, rice, peanuts and dairy products, the money to be paid to farmers who cut production 20 per cent. These allotments would be an amount sufficient to give the farmer the pre-war price on that share of his produce which goes into domestic con- sumption. One of the main criticisms of the plan has been, Ronald noted, that it would involve great expense because of the large force that would be needed to check up on acreage reductions. Another argument against it, he said, | was that it “would be likely to give too much power to the administration and set up a dictatorship or bureau- cracy.” To meet these two arguments Ronald proposed “to work out the plan on the same general basis as Federal aid to highways.” “I am proposing.” he said. “that each State be authorized to advise the Sec- retary of Agriculture as to any limita- | tion on production and this in practice | would mean that the States would | speak for the producers in each case. “In this way we would meet both of the arguments outlined above. There would be no dictatorship, because each | State would be counseling with the Sec- Tetary of Agriculture or whoever the administrator would be. There would be no bureaucracy, because the Secre- tary of Agriculture would simply specify the terms and conditions under which each State would qualify for its share 1n the tariff adjustment fund. “This would relieve Congress of de- ciding the question of control of produc- tion and properly leave to the various States and the Secretary of Agricul- ture a decision each year as to whether or not for the common good any such ;;n;‘ucllcn or limitation should be speci- ed, v » “The House bill has been criticized as requiring that every farm be policed. It is true that it does in considerable degree substitute coercion for co-opera- tion. * * ¢ | “The. State-unit method I am pro- posing would substitute for penalties the effective control to be secured by put- ting the burden of proof upon the in- tended beneficiaries. i Would Punish Violations. “It should be made clear in the bill that the Secretary of Agriculture shall reject the application of any State for its allotment if there has been any non- compliance with regulations or viola- | tions of any provisions of the act. “Then the State authority would put the same burden of proof upon each county, which would be given its allot- ment in the same way as the State i awarded its allotment; and administra- tion in the county would no doubt be through a local commission. * * * “The county would reject any town- ship if there had been non-compliance by any producer, in order to keep the county allotment from being thrown out by the State. “Thus every producer would have to | protect his own allotment by reporting | non-compliance by any other. “Since violations, excessive acreage, forbidden use of diverted acreage, mar- keting of too many hogs, or bootlegging would be of the more overt char- acter, the other producers of the local- ity would know about them and would see that any offender is not on the list for allotments, in order to save their own.” Provides Administration. The Federal Government would re- tain cne-half of 1 per cent and the State up to 2 per cent of the allotment money to cover administrative expenses. Ronald strongly urged that elimina- tion of production control from the measure be Dot ccnsidered, saying Presi- dent-elect Roosevelt “is more insistent upon this feature than any other.” He expressed apprehension at “any pro- posal to elevate the price of farm prod- ucts that would leave the door cpen to #ny amount of increased production.” The South Dakota editor advised that time be taken to work out the plan along the lines he suggested, remarking that*it cannot pcssibly become a law before May at the earliest ana that, ac- cordingly, there would be “no chance for its use on products sold in the pres- ent marketing vear.” ‘The Senate Agriculture Committee will begin public hearings on the plan tomorrow and will take possibly a week. Many have predicted President Hoover would veto such a bill, thus making | it a major issue at the special session in the Spring. CAR SHOW CONTEST WILL END FRIDAY 27th Puzzle to Be Published in Competition Staged by D. C. Association. The automobile show puzzle contest, sponsored by the Washington Automo- tive Trade Association with the co- operation of The Star, will end Friday, January 27. On that date the twenty- seventh puzzle will be published. All answers, together with a slogan of not more than 20 words on “Why the Automobile Show Should Be Held Here Every Year,” must be in the office of the Washington Automotive Trade Association, Room 1002, 1427 I street, by noon Monday, January 30. Winners will be announced in The Star of Wed- nesday, February 1. It is not necessary to send in the puzzles themselves. Just the answers and numbers and the slogan is needed. The following cars will be in the show : Auburn, Buick, Cadillac, Chrysler, Chevrolet, Continental, Cord, De Soto, Dodge, Essex, Franklin, Graham, Hud- son, Hupmobile, La Salle, Lincoln, Nash, Olympic, Oldsmobile, Packard, Plerce- Arrow, Pontlac, Piymouth, Rockne, Studebaker, Willys and Willys-Knight. — Colembian Diplomat Buried. MEXICO CITY, January 24 (#)— Julio Corredor Latorre, veteran Co- lombian Minister to Mexico, who died Sunday from a heart attack, was bur- ied yesterday. Senor Latorre Hved in Mexico during the last 38 years, during 30-of which he was Colombia’s consular representa- tive. About a year ago he was-made Minister _Plenipotentiary. is widow, two daughters and a son survive. b 'S Princess Aids Charity. INGRID OF SWEDEN HELPS AT BAZAAR. RINCESS INGRID (left), only daughter of Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf and head of the “Ingrid Club” in at the club’s annual charity bazaar. THE EVENING okl Stockholm, shown here with two friends —Wide World Photo, RUM PAGT UPHELD OVER 12-MILE ACT Highest Court Rules Hour’s Sailing Governs Seizure of British Ships. By the Associated Press. International treaties stand above do- | mestic law, the Supreme Court held yesterday in ruling that British and Canadian rum running vessels cannot be seized if they are more than one hour’s sailing from the shoreline of the United States, even though still inside toe 12-mile limit prescribed by the tariff act. The decision. handed down in a case involving the seizure of the Nova Sco- tiar rum-runner Mazel Tov, off Mas- sachusetts in 1930, possibly averted se- rious friction with Canada by disaliow- [ ing the seizure of the vessel. Canada, through its Minister in ‘Washington, last December informed the State Department that unless the policy laid down yesterday in the Su- preme Court were followed that coun- try would regard the anti-smuggling treaty with the United States as prac- tically nullified. Sutherland and Butler Dissent. This treaty, put in force in 1924, set the selzure limit at one hour’s sailing. That means that a boat capable of traveling but 11 miles an hour cannot be seized 11!, miles off shore. The tariff act of 1930 says seizures shall be made out to a 12-mile limit. The Mazel Tov was boarded 1114 miles out. A mo- tor screw ship, her best speed is not over 10 miles an hour. Justices Sutherland and Butler dis- sented from the majority opinion of the court, written by Justice Brandeis. They said the treaty of 1924 was not intended to abrogate rights claimed by this Government over a long period, but that the pact was drawn to extend those rights to enable the United States more eflecuvely to enforce its liquor laws. ) Protests Made by Britain. Justice Brandeis, however, pointed out that the tariff act provisions were first written in 1922. The treaty came two years later in the wake of a series of protests from Great Britain over the seizing of her ships outside the three- mile territorial limit recognized by in- ternational law. The 1930 law, Bran- deis said, was simply a rewriting of that of 1922 and there was nothing to show that Congress intended it to change the treaty in any way. The Mazel Tov was taken into Provi- dence, R. I, on the discovery of liquor not included in her invoice, which con- vinced boarding officers it was the in- tention to have some of this liquor smuggled into the United States. Frank Cook, master of the ship, said not, and that he was not aiming to get close enough to this country to be liable to search and seizure. A penalty of $14,286 was assessed against the Mazel Tov. A Federal dis- trict court dismissed the Government's suit. A District Court of Appeals re- versed that ruling. The latter decision was reversed yesterday. LAWYER THREATENED IN MORTGAGE SALE Determined, However, to Issue | Warrants for Wisconsin Farmers Who Created Disturbance. By the Associated Press. JEFFERSON, Wis., January 24.—Dis- trict Attorney Harold Dakin, deter- mined to issue warrants for a dozen farmers who created a disturbance at a mortgage foreclosure sale last week, said today that his life had been threat- ened. He said he had received a threaten- ing letter mailed in Iowa. The letter contained a Des Moines newspaper clip- ping of a dispatch setting forth Dakin's plan to prosecute the farmers. There was no signature. Dakin persisted in his determination to bring about arrests of farmers who bid 10 cents each for cows on which Otto Sebock held mortgages. Sebock was not permitted to make bids. Investigation by the _authorities showed later that Herbert Hermanson, tenant to whom Sebock had arranged to sell the cows, had made no payments on them. The “buyers” turned the cattle over to Hermansom, who left Sebock's property to rent a farm near Rio. BAND CONCERT. By the United States Soldiers’ Home Band this evening at Stanley Hall at 5:30 o'clock. John S. M. Zimmermann, bandmaster; Anton Pointner, assistant. March, “Freedom and Glory”....Moore Overture, “The Hunt for Fertune,” Suppe Suite Orientale, “On the Nile"...Hilse “The Sandstorm.” “The Bedouins Are Coming.” . “In the Shadow of the Sphinx.” Scenes from the musical comedy, “The Velvet Lady” ..... Herbert Fox trot, “Say & Little lor Me,” Nicholls ‘Waltz suite, “La Plus Belle (“The Most Beautiful”) ..... .. Waldteufel Finale, “The Elite,” . .Zimmermann “The Star Spangled Banner.” RE.CADURCED TOHELPSEHOOLS Lewis Admits Plan Departs| From Accepted Principles in Senate Hearing. | By the Associated Press. | Senator Lewis of Illinois, in a strong plea for legislation authorizing Recon- struction Corporation loans for achool operation, admitted today this would de- | part from accepted principles of Gov- ernment, but insisted that the need was | fundamental and an exception should be made. ¢ He spoke before the Senate's bank- | ing subcommittee now studying the school loan bill by Senator George of Georgia, who has been pushing the | measure vigorously despite hostility | manifested in many quarters. Prospects for Criminals. “If our schools be closed, the teach- ers go hungry with their sense of re- | volt as exhibited in & recent march in| Chicago, thousands of students have no place to go to school and parents see this, what is the prospect?” Lewis | asked the committee replying: | | “I am sorry to say you are opening | the prospect of an army of new crimi- nals. The idle child would fall easily | |into the hands of the older experienced | criminal who knows how to guide these | | young. | |7 Lewis said he wanted to join Sena- | tor George “in asking that you tem- | porarily forget the precedent of the past | that the Federal Government not | 'finance local education.” He criticized the Board of the Re- construction Corporation, which has | opposed the measure. Could Do Great Service, “Certain members of the board al- ways seem to find some way things can- | not be done and relief not be granted.” Lewis said. “I feel that instead of seeking some way things cannot be done they should find some way they | {can be done. If this bill now before | | you could be passed for all the schools, | keep the thousands of children in classes | and avoid throwing them in contact | with criminals you will have done a great service.” Asked by Chairman Townsend, Re- publican, of Delaware, if there were no State source of funds for Illinois and Chicago schools, Lewis replied, “We have exhausted our funds—there is no other source than the one here to give relief.” Senator Couzens, Republican, of Michigan, asked Lewis if he thought the Federal Government could ever recover loans. Lewis answered he could not speak for others than Chicago. Emergency Like Storm. ‘The present emergency, Lewis likened | to a great storm, and Senator Gore, Democrat, of Oklahoma, interjected: “I don't think a captain is ever justi- fied in scuttling his ship to escape a storm, and I think that is what we would be doing.” “No, but he should turn to the left or right if there is a port there,” re- plied Lewis. Gore said he feared this precedent, if | established, would be invoked in ordi- | nary times, but Lewis disagreed. | “You cannot stop this business,” Gore | continued. “You will destroy the credit of the United States which has always been good because it has not beenl abused and the disasters that will fol- low will be greater than at present.” “Look over the country and see the people suffering,” replied Lewis. ‘The people are in such a mood any form of revolt would seize them.” He Ii the type of loans now made by the Reconstruction Corporation to banks, railroads and other business organizations, and sald institutions to help the people are not being aided suf- ficiently. Elmer E. Rogers of Washington, representing the Scottish Rite Masons, and William Carr of Washington, repre- senting the National Education Associ- ation, also indorsed the mesure. F.L. MARSHALL DIES; | RITES TOMORROW Distriot Freight Manager of B. & 0. ‘Was Descendant gf Chief . Justice. Fielding Lewis Marshall, jr, 77, dis- trict freight manager of the Baltimore & Ohio Railway and a great-grandson of Chief Justice Marshall, died early Streeh, e Had been & Washingion i 3 e ha a resi- dent for 55 years and had been with the B. & O. for 35 years. He was born at Ivanhoe, Fauquier County, Va. Funeral services will be held at 11 a.m. tomorrow at his home, followed by burial in the family lot in Graham Cemetery, Arl Va. Honorary pal refs, all officials of the Baltimore & Ohlo, include Golder 3 G. Settle, 8. Harlan, J. L. Hayes, J. W. Phipps, jr.; M. and M. ‘The following list of ‘active is made up of B. & O. officials: A. H. Glenn, G. A. Geiser, T. M. Raney, E. B. Iser, R. B. Flynn and J. J. Mrs. -Caroline his wid ar: mmndmo: Besides low, Gwatkin Marshall, he is daughter, Mrs. land, and 8T % Richard and Caroline Amphlett. Six sisters and three brothers also survive. STAR, WASHINGTO MITCHELL TO RULE ON DEFICIENGY BILL Veto of Measure Believed to Depend on Finding of At- torney General. Possibility of President Hoover veto- ing the first deficlency appropriation bill, the only one of the annual supply measures thus far passed by Congress, which carries an appropriation of $625,- 000 for unemployment relief in the District of Columbia, today seemed to hinge upon a report Attorney General Mitchell is to make on the bill's con- stitutionality. ‘The President is known to object to the so-called McKellar rider to bill, which provides that the Internal Reve- nue Bureau may make no tax refund over $20,000 until the joint Congres- sional Committee on Internal Revenue aproves it. ‘The question is raised as to whether this so-called attempt on the part of the legislative body of the Government to usurp executive functions is consti- tutional. Hoover Favors Relief. It is known that Mr. Hoover would be greatly disappointed to see the ap- propriation for unemployment relief for the District defeated even for a tempo- rary period. During the last session of Congress the President sent a special message to Congress containing an esti- mate of apprcpriation totaling $600,00C for unemployment relief here. Congress cut this down to $350,000. Besldes the appropriation for unem- ployment relief in Washington this deficlency bill carries many other im- portant appropriations, one of them being for the expenses of the American rticipation in the next Geneva con- erence. The bill in its entirety calls for appropriations of $31,700,000, all of which, according to administration lead- ers, are regarded as urgent. Besides the question of constitutional- ity involved in the McKellar rider to this bill, the President is understood to disapprove of this feature because it would hamper the Internal Revenue Bureau in the conduct of its business. Heretofore the Treasury has had au- thority to make refunds on taxes as authorized by law, although it was pro- vided that the Treasury should transmit the information on all refunds in excess of 375,000 to the Congressionsl Com- mittee on Internal Revenue, but the payments were not contingent on com- mittee approval. Wilson Veto Recalled. In studying the bill President Hoover has been advised that Woodrow Wilson | vetoed a similar legislative effort when he acted adversely upon a supply bill with an amendment giving to a con- gressional committee final authority in approving the printing of Government publications. Chairman Byrns of the House AFpro- priations Committee sald he would be ‘very much surprised” if President Hoover should veto the bill, but doubted whetl"ler the House would override such a veto. ——— DEBT RELIEF REPORT WARNS MANY LINES FACE RECEIVERSHIP ____(Continued Prom PFirst Page.) plan of reorganization wiih the cor- poration of the Interstate Commerce Commission and for the appointment of a temporary trustee or trustees by the judge, recommended by the Inter- state Commerce Commissicn. _ Credi- tors also are allowed to be heard. BILL'S PASSAGE EXPECTED. Bankruptoy Relief Measure One of Few to Meet Favor. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. Six weeks remain to the end of Congress and there is no sign of con- gressional speed. Inertia will kill many a plece of legislation, though at the last minute the appropriation bills will be rushed through. Efforts to balance the budget at this session have been abandoned. There will be no new tax laws and no repeal of revenue laws adopted last Spring. The domestic allotment plan cannot possibly get past the barrier between now and March 4. Delay is in prospect for the Glass branch banking bill when it reaches the House. The beer bill faces an uncertain course. About the only important measure aside from appropriation bills which seems to be assured of passage is that which would afford relief to debtors. This bill, which is a combination of the features sponsored by Representative | LaGuardia of New York, Republican; Representative McKeown of Oklahoma, Democrat; Senator Hastings of Del ware, Republican, and Senator Robi son of Arkansas, Democrat, is now spon- sored by Chairman Summers of the House Committee on Judiciary who re- | ported it favorably to the House. The principal changes .which have been made relate to the methods by which the reorganization of railroads is to be accomplished and the adjust- ment of farm debt is to be arranged. As the measure now is written the opinion of the Interstate Commerce Commission will be purely advisory and the Federal courts may or may not ac- cept it in determining whether a pro- posal for rzox}:nintlon is acceptable. There is no doubt that the views of the Interstate Commerce Commission will have great weight with the Fed- eral courts in the new proceedings whereby scaling down of debt is to be attempted, but the hands of the court are free to accept or reject suggestions from the commission. Passage Seen This Week. ‘The provisions relating to farm debt will require a large number of officers to be appointed by the courts to act as conciliation commissioners in every county. These commissioners will not have power to make binding settle- ments, as this will be reserved for the court, but the existence of the commis- sions is expected to lead to adjust- ment of farmers' indebtedness through the educational process which it will introduce. It will give the farmer a place where he may go to discuss the extension of payments or the scaling down of mortgage debt. The farm debt sections of the bill are vague, and necessarily so because it is desired more to set up a machinery for the discussion of debt than to estab- lish & precedent whereby an individual may cut down his debt and be released from the pressure of creditors. The later idea is by no means one that has been abandoned by some members of Congress who still think an enforced moratorium or even arbitrary cutting down._ of debt shall be per- mitted by law. It is pointed out, how- ever, that capital will never make new loans if are to be subject to governmental whim. Hence, the com- promise deve is to arrange for composition and adjustment very much as Government serves as a media- tor in labor disputes, will pass the Summers bill this week and that the Senate will act within a fc 3 (Copyright. 1933.) Hitler Goes to Munich. BERLIN, January 24 ().—Adoif Hit- leader of the National Socialist Am] the Cedars, Henwyck, Worcester, Eng- | cal confe Rescued; by Breeches Buoy CREW SAFELY LEAVES STEAMER GROUNDED ON CALIFORNIA COAST. its captain, Adol grounded ship. lph Ahlin, and crew off Fureka, Calif., where it ran aground early on January 20. of the crew were Janded via the breeches buoy, and the above scene shows John McCann, oiler, the first of the crew to be rescued, in the carrier. All members ! PTER 18 hours of work in an effort to save the cargo, the steam schooner Tiverton was finally abandoned by Other members of the crew can be seen grouped on the forepeak of the -A. P. Photo, TESTIFIES T0 TWO CLARK ACCOUNTS Bank Head Says Accused Transferred $426 of Board’s Funds to Personal Credit. By a Staff Correspondent of The Star. ROCKVILLE, Md., January 24— | Testimony that Berry E. Clark, indicted former clerk of the Montgomery County Board of Commissioners, had trans- | | ferred certain funds from the clerk’s account to his personal account at the | Montgomery County National Bank was given today in the trial of Clark on em- bezzlement charges by George P. Hen- | derson, president of the bank. Henderson, under questioning by | State's Attorney Stedmsn Prescott, %old the jury that records of the bank show that in November, 1930, Clark withdrew | | $426 from an account listed under his | | name as clerk of the county board, and | | deposited the money in a second ac- | count of personal nature. The banl | president identified a check for that | | sum signed by Clark. | Charge Is One of 97. | | The 3426 transaction is the one on | which the prosecution elected to go to | | trial in & second attempt to convict | the 58-year-old former clerk of em- | bezzlement. The charge is one con- | | tained in a total of 97 indictments | | handed down against Clark following | discovery by an auditor of alleged short- | | ages aggregating $50.000. The president of the bank also iden- | Molotoff today decreed the death pen- | | tified a number of personal checks | | drawn by Clark on his personal ac- count shortly after November 15. 1930, | he date of the alleged transfer of | funds. | Under cross-examination by the de fense, Henderson said there was “noth- | ing secret” about the fact that Clark { maintained the two accounts at his | bank, one known as “the clerk's ac- { count” and the other as Clark's “per- sonal account.” { Many Witnesses Called. | The prosecutor called to the stand | this morning a long procession of wit- nesses to identify personal checks |drawn by Clark from funds aliegedly | converted to his own account from |that of the county. These checks | ranged from payments on life insurance policies to settlements made on various | store and other accounts. | Among witnesses testifying in this connection were Isaac S. George, in- surance man; Charles W. Asquith, de- partment store representative; Edward W. McPherson, life insurance agent; Frank Q. Prevail, representative of a florist_concern; Edmund W. Whitehead and James G. Gray, power company representatives; Harry C. Rai telephone y Hamilton, Clark’s bre identified checks made out mother-in-law, Mrs. K. O. Hamilton Francis A. Thomas, representing a mortgage concern; Gilbert Dorsey, grocer; J. O. Moland, market pro- prietor; L. J. Ryan, plumber; M. F. Gates, merchandise salesman and in- surance agent; Curtis L. Ward, fuel company secretary; Mark Kelly of a roofing concern, and Bernard Brosius of an auto service company. Defense counsel made an unsuccess- ful effort to keep some of this testimony out of the case on the-grounds that the checks were dated subsequent to No- vember 15, 1930, the date of an alleged conversion of funds by Clark for which he is being tried. The court overruled an objection on this point. Another witness this morning was Jesse W. Nicholson, who identified a check for $62.50 which he had sent to the county clerk for support of a patient in a public hospital. The prosecution yesterday referred to this check as one | involved in the alleged misappropriation of official funds. State Presents Case. In his opening address to the jury, State’s Attorney Prescott said the State expected to prove specifically that Clark misappropriated “for his own benefit” the sum of $426 on No- vember 15. 1930. For the purpose of showing the defendant’s intent, the prosecutor sald, a number of other transactions allegedly of similar nature will be described. ‘The State’s attorney declared the alleged manipulations referred to oc- curred over a period of about seven months, beginning July 11, 1930. ‘The defense replied to the prosecutor with a statement by F. Barnard Welsh, of counsel for Clark, that the defense would show that Clark for many years was “a fine and efficient employe”; that there was no such thing as a “clerk’s account” under the law; that the ac- count was voluntarily. established by Clark for his own convenience in handling the funds; that he was bonded; and that when the “proper time” came for an accounting of ac- cumulated funds, Clark invariably turned over to the treasurer the amount due. “We're going to show,” Walsh said, “that the county commissioners ratified and approved the methods used by Mr. Clark, that his accounts were audited and@ found correct 77 times, that he always accounted for all funds satisfac- torily; and that the county still owes him more than $1,000 for his services.” Speed King Has Influenza. HORLEY, Surrey, England, January 24 (P)—Sir Malcolm Campbell, the automobile racer, who planned to leave for Florida tomorrow, was in bed today with influenza. said she didn't think he was well to travel, but he sald he would go if he had to be car- ried aboard the ship on s stretcher. Light Earth Shocks in Chile. T::m'umo. Chile, January 24 (#).— "Shorty” betore. 3:36 e o0ay ‘The weather was intensely hot. manager; in. “S S” on New Tags In D. C. Designate Sight-Seeing Autos The answer to the letters S8 receding the numbers of the Bumm of Columbia 1933 license tags has been found. It is to designate sight-seeing cars. Last year the letters H and L ‘were designated for hire cars, but this year the Traffic Department has made an addition. Many motorists have been mystified over the new tags, some belleving it to stand for Secret Service. The few special tags of this description, however, bear the letters U. 8 8. 8. SOVET T0 LT FARN SHBOTELRS Stalin Decrees Death to Per- sons Who Interfere With Spring Planting. By the Associcted Press MOSCOW, January 24.—Calling for | & merciless fight against “sabcteurs” in the North Caucasian agricuitural region, scene of the recent mass exile of peas- antry, alty to persons actively hindering pre- paratory work in Spring planting. The Communist chieftain and Presi- dent Molotoff, titular head of the Soviet Union, warned the rural party and gov- ernment officials that they would be dealt with as abettors if they show any leniency. Demanding stricter “labor discipline.” the decree also prescribed exile or ex- pulsion from collective farms of lazy and apathetic peasants. It empowered the village Soviets to compel mobil- ization of the peasantry, if necessary, to | clear cultivated areas of weeds preced- | ing the sowing. (An unusual increase in the extent of | | state and collective farms was shown | last year and the principal problem before the Soviet Union this year is to| find relief for a serious food shortage. Stalin recently called for increased activity against the Kulaks, or inde- pendent farmers.) @ Poreign Minister .Uchida of Japan was charged with threatening peace be- tween Soviet Russia and Japan in a speech last night by Molotoff before the All-Union Central Executive Commit- tee. “Such attacks are not in the interest of strengthening peaceful relations be- tween the U. . S. R. and Japan, but, contrarily, have the opposite effect,” said Molotoff. “We shall continue to maintain neutrality in the Far East, but we also see the necessity of remaining vigilant. Our Industrial successes in- crease our forces every day.” Molotoff also attacked elements in the United States and other countries which contend it is necessary “to study” the Soviet Union before establishing normal relations with it. “Is it necessary to ‘study’ a country which has been established 15 years? ‘The Soviet Union does not need to be studied,” he said. ARMY OFFICERS’ PAY CUT MEASURE PASSED BY HOUSE ___ (Continued From First Page) mended. But Ross A. Collins, Demo- crat, of Mississippi, chairman of the Appropriations Committee that made the recommendation for. the elimina- tion of the Citizens’ Military Tum&s Camps in the 1934 fiscal year, pi & roll call vote on both these amend ments before the bill is passed. “We'll get them on record, anyhow,” Mr. Collins told newspaper men, “and when the folks back home find out who voted for these additional expenditures they'll have something to say.” Two Amendmentis Adopted. The two amendments—both by Henry E. Barbour, Republican, of Cali- fornia—were adopted after lengthy debate that consumed most of the day's meeting, although Joseph W. Byrns of Tennessee, chairman of the Appropriations Committee, pleaded for so that when the special session begins “fll‘:’m not have to give time to ly bills. Barbour’s C. M. T. C. amendment, approved by a vote of 117 to 46, would allow the $2,500,000 for that activity as compared with the budget recom- mendation of $1,000,000 and the Ap- propriations Committee, nothing. His other amendment would permit the expenditure of $6,354,348 on the or- ganized reserves, training 20,000 in- stead of 17,300. About 35 Democrats voted with Bar- bour on the C. M. T. C. addition, al- though it was opposed by both Speaker Garner and Byrns, LONDON BUS STRIKE ENDS Joseph V. Stalin and V. M.| BRITISH WANT ALL DEBTORS INPARLEY | Understanding With French Regarding Settlement Is Chief Worry. —(Continued From First Page) | of 90 per cent of her reparations pay- ments, was made possible only after Great Britain and Prance concluded a “gentleman’s agreement.” The two na- tions agreed to stand together in regard to the settlement of the war debts. ‘The British did not stick to that agreement last December when they paid their installment to the United States, but that was not considered a breach of the agreement since the pay- ; ment of the December installment did not Lave anything to do with the ques- am;‘ of the final settlement of the war lebts. Agreement Finaly Reached. ‘The decision to pay was reached after | & serious fight within the cabinet. Ram- say MacDonald, Baldwin and their fol- lowers were in favor of payment, while Sir John Simon, the chancellor of the exchequer, Sir Neville Chamberlain and | their followers opposed it. An agree- ment was finally reached whereby the MacDonald-Baldwin group won their point, but only after they pledged themselves to the other faction of the cabinet that henceforth the British government “would proceed in its nego- | tiations with the American Govern- ment regarding the general settlement | operation with France than has been | the case heretofore.” | | the request of the President-elect is- sued the invitation to Great Britain alone to send a delegate to Washing- | ference between Great Britain and the United States, the British cabinet be- came uneasy. The question was no longer purely financial and economic, but political. The question arose as i to whether the British government would agree to discuss and eventually |accept a settlement of the war debts | for herself and leave France and the | other defaulters to the tender mercy | of the American Congress, or whether | Great Britain would insist for the in- | clusion of these nations into the gen- eral settlement. A clear-cut refusal on the part of the British Government to accept such an invitation was impossible. An un- equivocal acceptance would have pro- voked s serious crisis in the British cabinet and would also harm the pres- ent cordial relations between France |and Great Britain. Waiting Policy Adopted. Thus the British cabinet decided to adopt a policy of procrastination. While it expresses its satisfaction at the in- vitation received from Mr. Roosevelt, the British government is endeavoring to find out what question will be dis- cussed at the Anglo-American meeting. In the meantime the following logical arguments are being brought out in conversations between Britih and American officials. The British say the question of debts is closely linked with the economic conference and through that with the general economic revival of the world. Consequently, it would be of lttle use it some of the most important nations, like France, were left out. Furthermore, the British say. what is America “after? A fair liquidation of the debts. That cannot be achieved by individual settlements with the various debtor nations, but by & commen agree- ment with them all. America wants to be paid a Jump sum. It is immaterial how the debtor nations divide among themseives the payment of such a sum, provided it is paid the United States. Prance is the next important debtor after Great Britain. It would be im- possible to reach any adequate agree- n:entiI unless P:;:tu'lcmu were heard at the same time. Ccnsequently, the best way to approach the question of the revision of the debts would be for the American Government to sit down and this matter as & whole with all the debtor nations and come to an agreement, for the payment of one sum by all of them regardless &s to the ca- m of payment of each individual Difference of Opinion, The nistration and Mr. Roose- velt do not see this question from the same angle, for the time being, at least. Mr. Roosevelt is aware of senti- that any reduc- it now. N Aside from the feeling which exists in this country in regard to France, because of her unnecessary default last December, does believe It was anxious to take up the British case first because he is aware Great Britain has powerful arguments {o demand a reduction of her indebtedness. He also realizes sentimentally the country and Con- gress uv‘ea favor of reduction of the tion in . Once L eemE s e compara o its the other nations. ‘Wants Agreement by June 15. of the debt question even in closer co- | Thus, whén the State Department st | ton to prepare the ground for a con- | INON-DEFAULTERS TOGET NEW TERMS Stimson Throws Door Open to Nations Which Paid U. S. on December 15. (Continued From First Page. at the State Department yesterday also and for the same announced purpose. His country is in a different position from that of Italy and England, how- ever, in that Belgium defaulted on the December 15 payment. Owes Two Billions. Italy owes the United States $2,007,- 406,125 in funded debt due to advances during the war. mgg.ll)‘mmb:r‘l::' she gnld the semi- interesf was due, amountin wlll,flg,ls'l. i n all, Italy has id the Unif States $98,829,859. o od to Italy and Great Britain, o o pasd na and the amounts o war debt installments due Dwe;b::wl’: were Czechoslovakia, $1,5500,000; Fin- land, $186,235; Latvia, $111,852, and M Cotniries which_did intries whicl nof Belglum, with $2,125.000 que. 3 Eetoniar Wwith $266,000 due; France, $19,261432; Hungary, $40,729, -and Poland, $3,302,980. Discussions between Italy and the United States will follow those with Gl:le‘;! Britain. ere is no disposition here have formal dlscussions with two powers going on simultaneously, as it is felt this might develop in & way into a sort of general conference, With Individual Nations. ‘The Roosevelt administration - dicated it desires to adhere hl:)":nhi Hoover policy that all the debt discus- sions shall be with individual powers. In an authoritative source, it was stated today that this administration had not yet been finally informed as to Stl.loow far "11-; m:ltlfl'-iuns for debt dis- ns would extend among European countries. This decision, it was ‘:ld, now rests with President-elect Roose- velt, and his final word has not yet been relayed to present administration leaders. This assertion seemingly was e with _the defaulting nlt'lgm in ':‘: Mr. Roosevelt is believed here to harbor no resentment against France, for in- stance, over its failure to make the De- cember 15 installment, which he views as a deferment rather than in the na- !urseoc of l{ default, n after the cabinet meeting, - ister Veverk of thulovnkll' c‘l‘lgxflld upon Secretary Stimson at the State Department, giving rise to immediate spegulation whether that country, too, Wwas not being invited to send a repre- sentative to discuss debts. Informal Discussion, The Czechoslovakian Minister : sa alter his conference with Stimson thlld'. he did not receive a formal invitation, but that he had an informal discus~ Elfenthwlllh S’: Se;:elnry and expects oslovakia to be t. usluly b iiad] reated ultimately tate Department officials declin to discuss the visit of Veverka. e After talking with Stimson, the Min- ister also had a talk with Assistant Sec- retary Harvey H. Bundy. MacDONALD VISIT SEEN SURE. Roosevelt Declsion Believed Certain t» Bring Prime Minister Here. By the Associated Press LONDON, January 24.—Presicent- elect Roosevelt'’s intention to rece ve to himself !?:; gnll authority ior A: ebt negotiations weight wdxi to reports that Pren:ll:g MacDonald himself will head the Brit~ ish delegation to Washingto: . The Daily Mail said: “It was re- garded in official circles as almost cer- tain that Mr. MacDonald will head the British mission, and he is expected to leave toward the end of February, ac- companied by Neville Chamberlain (chancellor of the exchequer) and Walter Runciman (president of the Board of Trade).” As head of the national government, Mr. MacDonald was expected to find it even more desirable to lead the Brit- ish mission, since Mr. Roosevelt indi- cated he will be active personally in the dealings. Announcement of a movement to have the projected World Economic Conference meet at Washington also found varfous objections today. al- though the proposition was still en- thusiastically discussed. It was not considered likely that Great Britain, or particularly Premier | MacDonald, would agree to transferring the main conference to Washington after the lengthy preparations which have been made for its assemblage in _London this Spring or Summer. It was suggested, however, that the war debts parley may be combined with_a preliminary conference, since the Roosevelt-Hoover communique last week recommended a general discus- sion of the world situation. The Amer- ican Government, however, _stressed separate negotiations with European debtors. Lord Reading. whose name has been mentioned as one of the delegates to the Washington conference, conferred with Premier MacDonald this morn- ing at the latter's offices. ITALY GETS INVITATION. Acceptances Expected With Rosse Heading Delegation. ROME, January 24 (#).—Secretary of State Stimson’s invitation to Italy to send representatives to_discuss the Italian_debt owed the United States after Mr. Roosevelt takes office as President was communicated today to Premier Mussolini. ‘The government issued a communique stating the invitation had been com- municated, but without giving the gov- ernment attitude on accepting. Nev- ertheless, it was stated semi-officially, the Invitation was welcomed and there was little doubt that Italy would accept soon and nominate representatives. It was problematical whether many experts will be sent since Ambassador Rosso is himself an expert and already has participated in debt and repara- tions negotiations. He was chosen Am- bassador by Premier Mussolini, espe- cially with this in mind. Rosso prob- ably will head the Italian delegation. Afternoon newspapers hailed the United States’ invitation to Italy. Giornale d'ltalia said: “It is un- necessary to say that the Italian na- tion will prepare for the forthcomin conference with the same sentiment of loyalty and cordial friendship which al- ways has guided the political course of Premier Mussolini’s government toward the United States and also as regards the debt problem.” e g Utah Ratifies Ammd;nent. SALT LAKE CITY, Utah, January 24 (”).—The State Legislature ratified the lame duck amendment yesterday afternoon, the State House vote coming 8 half hour after the Senate had .?i S