Evening Star Newspaper, January 21, 1933, Page 6

A6 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C SATURDAY... .January 21, 1933 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 11th St and Pennsyivania Ave. | New York Office: 110 Esst 42ud 8t Chicago Office: Lake Michigan Building. European Ofice:, 14 Regent St.. London, Eoslan, Rate by Carrier Within the City. The Evening Star ... ...... 45cper month | and Sunday Btar | jundays)...... .. 60c per month Star ... 65¢ per month | The Sunday Star... . 7 “8c per copy Collection made at the end of each month Orders may be sent 1o by mail or telephone NAtional . Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Dafly and Sunday....1yr.3$1600: 1 mo.. Daily only Il1yr. 36.00: 1mol Sunday only : 1mo.. Dally and Sunday. Daly only .. Sunday only | Member of the Associated Press. The Assoclated Preas is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dis- patches crediied to it or not otherwise cred- ited in this paper and rlso the local news published herein Al rights of publica'\on of special dispatches herein s Teserv Agreement on War Debts. Events have marched far and rapidly | since the failure of President Hoover and President-elect Roosevelt to egree| on procedure for ccnsidering war debt matters. When they first met, two| months ago, their views seemed ir- reconcilable. Mr. Hoover favored the immediate setting up of “advance ma- | chinery” for debt discussion, in view of the approach of December 15, when | payments were due, and invited Gov., Roosevelt to co-operate in selecting men to run the “machinery.” The President- | elect demurred to that plan, saying that | he believed the debts should be teken| up through regular diplomatic channels. | Yesterday the White House was the | scene of a second conference between the President and his successor-to-be. To it the way had been paved by meet- ings between Gov. Roosevelt and two of President Hoover's representatives— Secretary of State Stimson and Mr. Norman H. Davis, American delegate to the Geneva Disarmament Conference | and roving emissary in connection with | the impending World Economic Con- | ference. Yet another event inevitably conduced to the second meeting be- | tween the retiring and the incoming| Chief Executives. Some of the war| debtors paid on December 15, and others defaulted. The principal debtor who settled up is Great Britain, but she accompanied her payment with a defi- | nite reference to the necessity of re- opening the question before the next payment falls due, in June, 1933. In a fine spirit of common sense and with a statesmanlike realization of the obvious necessities of the situation, President Hoover and President-elect Roosevelt have at length found it pos- sible to grapple with it along lines that measurably meet the views of both as to procedure. The preliminary ap- proaches are to be made, as Gov. Roosevelt proposed, through diplomatic channels. They set in between Secre- tary Stimson and British Ambassador Lindsay a few hours after Friday's presidential council. The negotiations thus initiated look to the creation of that “advance machinery” which Presi- dent Hoover called for in November. They will result in the saving of at least six weeks’ time between now and the establishment of the new admin- istration. Had the November confer- ence had an equally happy ending, three months' time would have been | saved. Fortunately, there is no pros- pect that the delay has been serious. Announcement that yesterday's dis- cussions “were devoted mainly to a canvass of the foreign situation” indi- cates that while the British war debt ‘was the principal topic, it was not the only one, The Far East is bound to have received attention, in the light of the recent indentification of Gov. Roosevelt with the Hoover-Stimson doctrine. In addition to providing for the reception at Washington soon after March 4 of British debt representatives, the White House states that Anglo- | American economic problems of mutual | interest will be taken up. And, finally, “ways and means for improving the world situation” will figure in the conversations. These carefully chosen words, while they studiously avoid details, presage | & meeting at Washington plainly des- tined to be of far-reaching interna- tional importance. Diplomacy and statesmanship are other names for the | art of give and take. When nations | come, cap in hand, seeking favors, no matter how legitimate, they are pre- | pared to negotiate in the quid pro quo | spirit. The British, themselves past | masters in the field of compromise, | doubtless expect to meet the United on this score is made blennially. From 1920 to 1931 there was & drop frcm 211,853,000 volumes to 154,235,000. It may be expected that when the figures for 1933 are available they will show a continued diminution in the amount of actual printing. While this drop in the number of new books has merked the years cf the economic stress, there has been no less reading, for all the library reports :how large incrzares in the circu'ation of volumes and in the number of persons patronizing the reading rcoms. This library reading has been noticeably in- creased in the lines of practical subjects, technology, craftsmanchip and in indus- trial art:. There has been evident a desire cn the part of great numbers of people to secure practicel education through reading as & means to obtain empl:yment. The lessening of the flow of new bocks from the presses is not altogether to be deplored. A great ceal! of trash has been printed during the past decads in all branches. This has been notably true in the line of bocks of entertain- ment, millions of volumes having been printed that could w21l have been omit- | ted from the stream of literary aliment supplied to undiscriminating consumers. T S S S e The Washington Monument. Geneial assent will bs given to the | recommendaticn of Lieut. Col. Grant that the present setting of the Wash- ington Monument be preserved and re- tained, with a minimum of changes necessary to bring the roads and plant- ing into relation with the Mall and the Lincoln Memorial grounds. This sug- | gestion is embodied in a report which nes just been transmiiled to Congress by the President. It is based upon a long study of the matter, which involves consideration not only of esthetic fac- tors but of practical questions relating to the stability of the foundation and of the shaft itself. The original design for the Washing- ton Monument included a colonnade about the base. That design was mod- ified and the shaft was started from a plane surface. When later the Gov- ernment assumed the task of complet- ing the structure it was first necessary to enlarge and greatly strengthen the foundation, a task which called for the | exercise of great engineering skill and which was performed without the least derangement of the existing fabric. The Monument was completed in 1885, and was dedicated on the 22nd of February of that year. In its simplicity of outline it was accepted as a perfect symbol of the first President, in whose name and honor it was created. From time to time plans were revived for the em- bellishment of the base with elaborate terraces and colonnade and other fea- tures, and some years ago & project for a balustrade treatment was proposed. Col. Grant in his report to Congress reviews these suggestions and plans and the considerations arising from the probable early necessity of effecting changes in the streets east of the Monu- ment. These changes, he points out, would presumably involve excavations which might affect the foundation of the shaft and would in any case need to be most carefully planned and exe- cuted in the interest of its security. He recommends that consideration of any changes in the design be postponed to the time when it may be necessary to decide upon these street changes. The Washington Monument is now a jy, fixed feature of the Capital, its outlines made familiar to all the people of the country, its character fully established. To change it in any respect from its present simplicity, & shaft springing from the earth in perfect form and pro- portion, would be to create in effect a new symbol, without advantage or gain in significance and impressiveness. Any embellishment after more than half a century would appear as nothing else than an afterthought, with loss of dig- nity and meaning. e Opponents of independence for the Filipinos may be indulging in & hope that the islanders will find ten years long enough to study the play and call for the new deal. Huey Long can repeat every word of his chat with President-elect Roosevelt. In that interview there was no trace whatever of filibustering. ———— Royal Portraits. Mrs. Thomas Brocklebank of London and Florence is not very widely famous on this side of the Atlantic, but.her name will survive among scientists and historians, if not in the recollection of the general public, European and Amer- ican. Eighty years of age, she has built an enduring monument for herself in a department of knowledge especially unique and interesting. Working inde- pendently and following & technique which has had a natural development through the past quarter of a century, she has collected no less than four States half way in any proposals for “improving the world situation” which | the Roosevelt administration may deem fit to submit. On that score there must today be deep heart searching in France, for current events are demonstrating that the door for debt discussion at Wash- | ington is open only for the nations | that recpect the sanctity of interna- tional agreements. Once France and Belgium emulate Great Britain and Italy in that respect, there is no rea- son to suppose that debt envoys from Paris and Brussels will not be wel- comed as heartily, if belatedly, as the representatives of Great Britain in March, and, presumably, later on, the spokesmen of Italy. —_——ra————— A lame duck Congress assumes to transact in & few weeks all the business it should have been attending to for years. e Fewer Books. Statistics just printed in the Publish- ers' Weekly show that the depression has hit the book business in America pretty hard. During 1932 the presses produced 1,272 fewer “titles” than in 1931, the reduction being about| twelve and one-third per cent. There | were material decreases in every department, that in fiction belng the smallest, only about two and a third per cent. There was a concid- erable drop in “general literature.” In the classificaticn of religion and theology | ninety-nine fewer titles were issued, and & stmilar reducticn appeared in geogra- phy and travel. No figures are at zmz available as to the tatz] number rolt lumes printed, for thousand photographs of members of the royal families, anclent and modern, of the Continent and Great Britain. This unparalleled treasury of historic art she has promised to leave to the British Museum. It will constitute a precious endowment of .scholarship which other individuals masy properly take pride in expanding. ‘The history of Mrs. Brocklebank’s hob- by has a certain fascination. It evolved from a small beginning. A group of portraits of members of the Medicl fam- ily attracted her attention, and she photographed them. Later she discov- ered a second group, then a third, a fourth, and still others, until she had accumulated a pictorial chronicle of the entire line. Gradually she became in- terested in the ruling houses into which the Medici had married. Thus the subject grew to include all the clans of Europe. Studying the portraits, Mrs. Brockle- bank noticed that the same jewels and ornaments appeared again and again, descending from one generation to another. With this clue, she found that she could identify individuals who pre- viously had been unknown and provide dates for both pictures and persons. At the rate of betwoen one hundred and two hundred a year, she added to her collection. But she was not satisfied merely to acquire the photographs. £he felt that she must organize them sci- entifically. 8o she traced out tue fam- ily tree of the one great royal family which for so long had governed Christendom and prepared an elaborate index for the scores of huge volumes in which she had filed her prints. Sir Frederic Kenyon, until recently direclor of the British Museum, rccognized th:- ¥ reckoning historic value of her work and Qucea kind o surpikin’ an THE EVEN Mary bestowed upon it the courtesy of personal examination. Mrs. Brocklebank’s example is an‘ in- spiration. She was fifty-five years old when she began her work. The task has kept her young and active. She de- serves to be congratulated, and so does | the institution which is fo receive the fruits of her intelligence, devotion and labor. b Election Freuds in New York. | Election frauds, supposedly impossible ‘were committed on a large scale in the recent balloting in New York, according to charges brought and indictments re- turned in that city. Upward of fifty | election officials have been accused and are to be tried by the Federal court in | that city, and the investigation is still ;goinl on, with the prospect of further accusations. The specifications indicate | gross alterations of the returns, votes | having been deducted from minority candidates and added to those of the | majority. While it does not appear that these changes affected the result, | so great were the margins by which the | Democratic candidates for Federal of- fices were elected, they nevertheless { manifest & complete disregard for the sanctity of the ballot. In a close elec- !tion they would undoubtedly have | chznged the result to the defeat of the will of the majority. | The voting machine, devised for both | accuracy and speed of returns, can, it | seems, be manipulated by venal inspec- | tors and elections officials. The ma- | chine itself is faithful but the inspec- | tors and officials are not. As the in- ‘d.lctmznu just returned disclosed, they can and do falsify the record. The written-in ballots—as in the case of For- | mer Mayor McKee, whose name was not |on the official ballot but who received | upwards of tw! hundred or two hun- incorrectly recorded on the tally cards and the sheets on which the names are It is charged that in the counting of these written votes and also in the counting of the mechanically recorded votes the partisan inspectors and clerks of election, representing the majority, in some cases crowded about the ma- chines to the exclusion of minority rep- | resentatives and scored the totals re- gardless of the actual figures. It is virtually charged that there was collusion between the Democratic and Republican inspection groups in the supervision of the recent election in New York. This is not & new accusa- tion. For a long time suspicion has | prevailed that there is a practical working arrangement between the two organizations in the metropolitan area, notably in Manhattan, whereby the Tammany majority is abetted by the Republican minority leaders. The trials to come in these cases just returned by a grand jury will perhaps bring to light the extent to which this is the {case. In any event the public faith in the voting machine as & true re- corder of the people’s will has been shaken. It is not the machine that fails, however, but the human agencies handling it. Doubt may well be felt whether it is possible to devise any mechanism that cannot be fraudulently manipulated by dishonest men. — ——————— Many breweries have equipped them- selves for the manufacture of beer. The everage will not be inexpensive when it arrives, if it comes at all. The inter- est on idle capital will be carefully cal- culated in order to pass it along to the ultimate consumer. Statesmen were generous with their words during the campaign, but circum- stances call for restraint. A micro- phone among those present at a per- sonal parley is too much to expect at the present stage of pitiless political publicity. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Into the Oratorical Red. Let's have another conference; " Let’s filibuster, too, Regardless of the great expense ‘That's likely to ensue. ‘They used to say that talk is cheap. It is not true today. Our red ink records still we keep Of what our statesmen say. A Burden of Knowledge. “It im't possible for & man in your position to know too much.” “I'm not sure abcut that” replied Senator Sorghum. “After one or two ‘nvestigations I feel as if I had found out more than enough to last me for years to come.” Jud Tunkins says when & man asks his advice he's not sure whether a friend is seeking information or try- ing to shift the blame for what's going wrong. Frozen Romance. A lady to a lawyer went In quet of information. Her husband caused her discontent, ‘Which called for laticn. An action for divorce she sought. She probed the matter deeper And said: “I'd shoot him if I thought A funeral would be cheaper.” Relief, “Do you enjoy being in politics?” “Yes,” declared Miss Cayenne. “It gives us citizenesses a chance to get together and talk about something be- sides one another.” Steel Hats and Khaki. It would be pleasart to recall ‘Those days of gentle charm ‘When Japanese found interest small In war’s uncouth alarm. How gratefully would we recall That decorative plan— A kimono, a parasol, An ornamental fan. said Hi Ho, the rage of Chinatown. “A rich man may have misfortunes, but none that would not have been en- hanced by poverty.” Educational Preparition. Arithmetic now figures in our laws With a persistence strong. We'll have to make the blackboards wider, ‘cause 3 ‘The sums are now so0 long. “Its easy to sce s friend's mic- | takes,” eald Unels Eb:n, “because if y:u rzally like bim dey gimes to you a0 unexpectedy | with the use of the voting machine, | det dred and fifty fqusand votes—can be | written can be “lost” by the inspectors. | I “I do not pretend to scorn wealth,” THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL.- termine. Psychologically, he who gets automobile? Is one safer if he fioel on the assump- sthat drivers will not hit him? Is he more liable to be struck if he always feels that he is in danger of being run over? A prevailing tgn, to be seen on all downtown streets, is the pedestrian who not only appears to feel that no one will strike him, but also that no one will dare to run over him. There is thus a two-fold innocence here, first, that no one will run over him, and, second, that no one dare run him’ down. Just how much of this attitude is bravado, pure and simple, and how much fact, is difficult to determine. Many a person, one will observe, swaggers squarely into the middle of the street, as if defying one and all to dare to run him down. One sees such persons deliberately turning their backs on cars coming at a lively rate of speed. The spectator is tempted to feel, in certain instances, that a damage suit is being courted. what type of person nnnbcdl.nwc;m suspicion, too, because they seldom accept the dare. Is this one way, then, to keep from getting run over? Evidently. to a cautious man or woman. In regard to traffic, such a person will operate on the system of the old Western gambler, who, when he picked up his cards, “hoped for the best, and expected the worst.” Hope and expectation! These are great words. is with us always. Much the same can be said of expec- tation. One is somehow reminded of greatest, novel of Charles Dickens, in | which he gives the proper adjective to modify the word. “Great Expectations,” indeed! If the man afoot, in modern traffic, hopes to get across safely, he will be taking the first great mental step, at least, toward a safe crossing. It e firmly expects to get run over —unless he looks out—he will be taking the great practical step which may save his life. ‘We have pointed out that the essenti- ally reckless type of mind secures much the same end by belleving just the op- posite. | He is, however, living in a fool's paradise, and we believe statistics would uphold this belief, if statistics which had to do with states of mind could be collected. 2 ‘That he gets across safely is due to the decency which lles close to the average human heart, and which exists despite the grouchiness plain downright meaness of the species. The other type, expecting to be hit, although hoping he will not be, feels the passage entirely dependent upon his use of brain and brawn. AILY TELEGRAPH, London.— 8ir John Simon, the -foreign secretary, has written to the vice chancellor of Oxford Uni- versity, saying that he considers warn intending visitors to Greece of the dangers of walking tours without a guide. This is due to the rugged and solitary character of parts of the coun- try and the eaneng:x of treacherous and crumbling lime rock. This notification is understood to be a sequel to the death early this year of an Oxford undergraduate, Cochrane, ldx;::hew r:é Mr. H. Fisher. He ippea; year while on a walking tour through Greece, and his skeleton was discovered on Mount Parnasus 12 months later. * % %X French Methods Against Juvenile Crime Deplored. Le Matin, Paris—The cause and cure of juvenile criminality is & subject which is most appropriately engaging the attention of mental experts. It is conceded that the dem juency of youth in present days is tracfable not so much to ?nherem changes in the nature and tendencies f‘f l:h:o y:g:l I:}r' el.rtne human species as nities existing for the pursuit of im- proper pleasures and diversions. 1t has also been satisfactorily demon- strated that a fundamental difference exists between the motives of an adult criminal and s minor delinquent. The former weighs carefully his chances of getting gain and plunder through ac- tivities essentially nefarious; the youth is impelled solely in the majority of cases with the desire to enjoy himself. ‘The first realizes fully his culpable re- sponsibility, and considers the likelihood and degree of the ordained penal pun- ishment. The youth has no thought of. and makes no provision for, the legal consequences of his acts, He is swept off his feet by the impulse of the mo- ment, and in many cases is even en- couraged to yleld to misdemeanors and mnl!usm'lcu'..h{,f the ;:tnm.mcll behavior er stral soclety. o‘Anmchfld hears his elders boast that they have influence with the tribunals and with the police; he, too, then makes the same claims, and awaits the first chance to make good his flourish. And s0, when a garcon decamps with an automobile, to regale his equally young associates upon a motoring excursion, he assumes, when the tribunal releases him with a warning not to 'oflend again, that it is his “influence” that has won him remission of the punish- ment mme:imm uently his ll!;iuli are afflicted same erron idea, and so the youngster is actually A L. he Lmiufi and inherent blcmish, youth tl to cnart its own is left without s pilot o No doubt drivers have some such | But it is not one which comes natural | The first | that queerest, and, as some think,| and often | | it advisable that steps should be taken to | Mr. David | in April last| u- | ith | dent Hoover daringly ‘pwmuh‘.,n a l(ha!lmrurmmtheudfllh‘ S If he jumps while the jumpin® is §0od— And particularly if he uses his uld | head—— ’ Well, he has every chance of eluding the car which makes a left-hand turn, id a car which makes a right turn, and the cars coming straight ahead. He has every chance, indeed, of es- caping the street car which seems to light, as he sees 1 Above all, he has a real unity, self-made, of fleeing from wrath of the irate driver who is almost given heart faflure by the antics of pedes- trians. There is the curb without looking either to the left or right. “He ought to look,” says the auto- mobile driver. Of course, he ought—but for his own sake, most of all. The street is one place every one must look out for himself. Might makes right, out in the street, ;fzo matter what it makes among na- tions. Even the most tiny sort of car is & great deal stronger than the flesh and blood and bone of a human bc(n% ‘When it ccmes at one, the only thing to do is to run as gracefully as one may. Being right, or being wrong, has very Mttle to do with it, after all, in this matter. There is no particular pleasure in | being right about anything, any way. |as many a person has discovered at last. In regard to traffic: From the pedes- trian’s standpoint, there is no satisfac- tion at all in being right; what he values is not being hit. In this important matter his indi- vidual temperament must rule. If he is of a certain type of mind, he will be able to walk squarely into a stream of traffic without feeling in the least that he is going to be run over. He may even dare automobilists to | strike him Every one has seen some | one or other do it, or do what seems amazingly like it. He is fortunate, perhaps, the es- trian who really does not feel that he | 1s going to be hit. He may possess a | complex which somehow assures him | that all drivers are kindly men, who | would no more run over him than at- | tempt to drive to the moon. | Or he may be just a plumb fool. | You never can'tell about a man in & car, of course. any more than you can about a man afoot. Everybody is a fool, upon occasion, | especially to the other fellow In the turmoil of modern traffic the | sanest person alive is likely to make | one or more false moves. | The real trouble with the traffic situ- ation, it would seem to some, is neither automobilists nor pedestrians, as such, and separately, but simply humanity at | sea_with itself. ‘The problem is too big for us, and, | instead of sitting down and attempting to solve it with brains and understand- | ing, we attempt to do it with much | blowing of automobile | human cursing. High Lights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands Many More Leaving Cuba Than Entering. Cuban government through partamento Importadoro y Industrial, immigration to that island is exceeded | by emigration. In the year 1931 the ex- | cess of those leaving Cuba over the number entering the island to asume residence there was exactly 31,429. In | the year 1802, departures exceeded ar- rivals by more than 1,000, but a diminu- tion did not occur again until 1921, the year of what was then called the “great crisis,” for the reason, no doubt, that the world had not experienced, up to that time, as great a as the present. In that year, departures ex- ceeded arrivals .by slightly more than 15,000, and in every year there has been & deficit of approximately the same extent. The net enumeration of this exodus in latest years has grown from 6,841 in 1927 to 31,429, as we have said, in 1981. Since 1927, some 55,594 more people left Cuba than came there, and the indications are that this untoward will be substantially increased ‘when reports for the present fiscal year are completed. * x ¥ ‘Wage Agreement Reached in Sonora. El Universal, Mexico City.—A tele- gram from our ndent at Her- mosillo advises that the industrial terests in that sector of Sonora have finally reached an agreement with the Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Labor, dwhereby a mmtanuug wage of one and one pesos has been established (58 cents, U. S., at present exchange). This basic wage will ap- ply throughout the State, except in the extreme northern: portion, where the rate will be two pesos a day (78 cents, U. 8.) because of the higher cost necessities. A Woman Member 2 Of the Cabinet? From the Des Molnes Register. While no one will be surprised if it turns out to be wrong, there is a per- sistent rumor that President-elect Roose- velt has definitely decided upon Miss Frances Perkins as Secretary of Labor in his cabinet, and the possibility at least has interesting aspects. The best known dition involved, of course, is that,a Woman has never been appointed to a presidential cabi- net. There was not even reason to suggest the matter until of the nineteenth amendment, but since that time women have become in conspicuous in public affairs, And it stands to reason that ultimately a wom- an will sit in the cabinet, just as Presi- ‘wom- an on our delegation to year’s Disarmament Convention at Geneva. in- make & turn uptzn exactly the wrong | The the pedestrian who steps oft | Pl tion | that few G STAR. WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY, JANUARY 21, 1933, THE LIBRARY TABLE BY SARAR G. BOWERMAN. Phyllis Bentley belongs to & York- shire family connected on both sides for several generations with the textile in- dustry. She remembers iting father's mill in her einldlwo:lu:nd Belhx: told about the various processes of cloth manufacture. Her intimate knowledge | of the scene and the lifs which she de- | :crflnl vucoh:x m:zl “Inheritance” .) of the factors mmmflm‘:n :.;"o'i.'é? :ewluns f Onlfl.mydl live and carry o ive on the manufacturs of cloth in the Ire Valley of the West Riding of Yorkshire atmosphere, closely bound with the e Tmoors, the Rmall factery tomms aad rs, the isolated itn ‘the then later the larger factory towns, with tall chimneys, gateways, and court- yards, and the handsome country “halls” of the owners, and always the rolling hills, Jeading down to the val- leys of the streams and up to the moors. A chapter of social history is unfolded before us and we see the changing cus- toms and conditions during the period from 1812 to the present time—a period | which has been marked by the rise| and development of the textile industry | in Engl and its apparent downfall | since the World War. Some of the dramatic scenes at the beginning of the story show the introduction of simple machines at Syke Mill, by William Old- royd, and the Luddite riots in which | the workers attempted to destroy the | machines, which they knew would throw many of them out of work. Thes: scenes recall Charlotte Bronte's nove! | | “Shirley,” which represents the same ! period, 1811-1818. Then, about 1838, came the Chartist riots, of the workers to secure better wages and living con- ditions. Jn each of these riot periods. an Oldroyd employer meets disaster. Later, the labor unions carry on the figth against the employers. Bentley has a thesis, it is that only un- derstanding and co-operation between employers and workers,can save the fortunes of bo:h.‘ o Buf. “Inheritance” is not merely a sociological novel about the conflict between capital and labor. It is a story of intensely human people, all of whom live for us. We come to know well all of the Oldroyds and the Bamfcrths and have our definite opinions about them— sympathize with them or criticize them, as if they were personal acquaintances. In the second generation of the Old- royds who appear in the story, two lines of heredity diverge, when Wil- liam Oldroyd, jr. has an illegitimate son by Mary Bamforth, Jonathan Bam- forth, who becomes, perhaps, the most | striking character of the book, and | later a legitimate son, Brigg Oldroyd, who carries on the Oldroyd line. The personal struggle between Oldroyds and Bamforths is added to class struggle. The Oldroyds are also not without quarrels among themselves. In the characters of all of them are mingled different strains of inheritance. From the original Oldroyd strain come stub- bornness, hot temper, pride, devotion to | the textile industry as to a god, acquisi- | tiveness, preserverence, domineering | family and business traits, susceptibility | to physical charm, unyielding determi- | nation to have their own way. From | the Bamforth strain, through Mary, whom Willlam afterward marries, are introduced the urge 1o against the social order, fanaticism. Bessy Brigg adds physical exuberance and high color. Charley Mellor con- tributes more of the reforra tendeney, | with fundamental instability of char- | acter. Charlotte Stancliffe brings aloof- ness, snobbery, conformity to good form and “the code.” * ok ok ok “Inheritance,” though in no sensational tale, is not without tense dramatic_situations. The intrigues of Willlam Oldroyd to outwit the Luddites, who are plotting to_destroy the new machines he has ordered from Enoch | Smith’s foundry. his successful installa- | tion of the machines and the swift re- | venge of the plottis ‘workmen open | the story. The trial for murder of George Mellor, Thorpe, Walker and Joe | Bamforth at York furnishes interest | sustained at s high pitch. Romance, | pathos and enduring tragedy are com- med’m thde rehtk)‘}i (Jff X}illm%‘ots-‘ royd, jr., and Mary Bamforth. e at- tack of the Chartists on Syke Mill and William’s desperate fight with them in his boiler pit form ome climax. The | whole life of the melancholy Carmine, hter of Janie Oldroyd and Charlie Mellor, is one of concentrated drama. At the end the last Oldroyds, bank- rupt, leave Yorkshire to live in the South of England. But just as the train is moving up the steep which will take it out of Yorkshire David, 17-year-old boy of the last gen- eration, leaps from the train and lands in the grass near the ruin of old Syke Mill, the first mill of the first Oldroyds in the textile industry. He has decided that hs cannot desert Yorkshire and the industry of his ancestors, but will stand by them through whatever comes. David is a born sweet reformer and seems to symbolize Miss Bentley's idea that understanding and mutual effort on the part of employers and employed will at least help to solve the difficulties of the industry. But David is only 17 | and he is living at the present time. What can he do? Miss Bentley is too sensible and rtloo much of an artist to ttem] tell us. ik i Napoleon was mnot the of an unk]npc'l) fite, but paid the penalty for his own faults and mistakes. Hilaire Belloc makes this clear in his blographyy “Napoleon.” The megal of the man who for a time terrorized caused him not to be satisfled with less than lete domination. So he under- e t all the dictates of com- , the conquest of . Mr, Belloc's method in this bi- ography is to cause the character of Napoleon to emerge from & series of in- cldents, end Napoleon's was & life full of incidents as well as of major events. So strongly does the rather erratic bi- ographer sympathize with his subject that he almost seems to blame England for defeating Napoleon. If there had been no Wellington, there might have been no Waterloo, and Napoleon might have consolidated his victories and be- 1y | come the overlord of all Europe. If his have been no World War_and no suc- ceeding economic stress. But “ifs” ap- plied to history are merely interesting mental exercises. Napoleon'’s end, if not inevitable, was at least similar to the o After so long abandoning story-writing him to resume it, Sir has offered in a slender 8ix | highest order. for airplanes which is S0 | hull of the Akron?—L. It Miss | J. € | gle creditor could throw a debtor into overlordship had endured there might has ¥ ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS - BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. ‘There is no other agency in the world that can answer as mamy legitimate Questions as our free information bureau in Washington, D. C. This highly organized institution has been bullt up and is under the personal! direction of Prederic J. Haskin. By keeping in constant touch with Federal bureaus and other educational enter- prises it is in & position to pass on to you An!hoflllflvsa Mt:{flrmlunn of th'z Jubmit your queries the staff of experts whose services are put at your free disposal. There is no t.hlm‘. ’“excentn 3 cents in Dom g stam) return postage. n use postcards. Addreum‘l'he Star Infor- mation Bureau. Frederic J. Haskin, , Washington, D. C. Q. How large is the storage hangar | gulé ‘nto. the A. It is 75x80 feet in size and will eated through & T-omaped opcbag | ough a in the ship's bottom by a mu;p:nnmm‘u- ment, while the ship is in motion. | They may be picked up again on the trapeze and hauled into the compart- | ment by & winch. Such a provision | increases the scouting value of a mili- | tary airship and aids her in warding off attack, while in cas: of a commercial ship would psrmit passengers to embark | or disembark en route without stop- | ping the ship itself. Q. May one break bread or crackers into soup?—S. N. | A This should not be done. Q. Why is the Secretary of Com- merce not named in the succession to | | the presidency act?—J. B. B. A. At the time of the passage of the ac. of succession, 1886, the office of Eecretary of Commerce was not in existence. Consequently, the Secre- taries of Commerce, Labor and Agricul- | ture were not named in the act. ?‘. What are travelers’ checks?— A. They are miniature letters of credit. They are issued in amounts from $10 to $200. At almost any bank | either bankers' travelers’ checks or | excress travelers' checks can be bought. The former are issued in dollars only, | and the latter in either sterling, francs, or dollars. Each check is made out for a definite amount. The buyer's signa- | ture is made when the checks are| bought, and the same signature is| necessary when they are spent. Travel- | ers’ checks are accepted the world over, in payment for accommodations cr mer- chandise, and are cashable at banks. i Q. Will boats run faster in salt | water or in fresh water?—W. I. N. A. Marine engineers say that the difference in speed of two boats exactly equal in hull will be in direct relation to a wetted surface. As salt water is more dense than fresh it raises any floating object higher and thercfore de- creases the wetted surfac>. Therefore salt water is much faster to any object being propelled either through or in it. Q. Do the chief executives 6f the Red Cross receive huge salaries>—I. S. A. The chief executives of the Red Cross receive no salary, and, in addi- tion, the majority of the principal offi- environment and fermentation, certain juices have fermented as h! cent alcohol by volume. gnh o:algc: sion it was that very close to 17 per cent of alcohol by volume wae reached. last two cases are rare, Lowever, and 14 per cent of alcohol by volume is considered a good yield. Q. When was the first naturalization “2 pl;lhed?—s. B. o e First of the United States, on March 26, 1790, enacted & law estal Ing & rule for the acquisi- tion of United States citizenship by those ef foreign birth. Q. Is there any law against a merchant's removing a label from merchandise that says “Made in France” or “Made in Germany”?—G. W. L. A. Section 304 (d) of the tariff act provides: “If any person shall, with intent to conceal the information given thereby or contained therein, deface, destroy, remove, alter, cover, obscure or obliterate any mark, stamp, brand or label required under the provisions of this act, he shall, upon conviction, be fined not more than $5,000 or imprison- ed not more than one year, or both.” Q. How much paper currency has b:en is:flue?nby the United States Gov- ernment since the country has been republic?—J. McK. i e A. The total amount of paper cur- rency issued to date of No?el?lebc:‘ 20, 1932, the latest date for which the fig= ures are available, was $90,595,554,363. Q. What is labor turnover?>—G. O, A. The Bureau of Labor Statistics says that “labor turnover for any pe- riod consists of the number of scpara= tions from service during that period. Separations include all quits, discharges | and lay-offs for any reascn whatsoever, To compute the percentage of labor turnover for any period, find the total separation for the period considered and divide by the average of the num- ber actually working each day through- cut that period, then multiply by the proper factor to reduce t: e e to & yearly Q. What is the speed of a rhinoceros when charging?—H. C. A. A charging rhinoceros maintains a speed of from 30 to 40 miles an hour, at least, for about 100 yards, and then slows down if he has not already come in contact with the object of the charge. Q. Is the United States Flag flown at half-staff on Armistice day or om Decoration day?—R. B. G. A. It is not on Armistice day that the flag is placed at half-staff during part of the day, but on Decoration day, which is a day set apart in memory of the wer dead. Armistice day is & day of rejoicing. On Decoration day the United States Flag is placed at half-staff from sunrise until noon, and then flown from full staff the rest of the day until sunset. Q. How much moisture is given off by a tree in one day?—J. H. M. A. The amount of moisture thrown out by a large tree daily depends largely on the type of tree, the number of leaves and the situation. A birch tree clals pay their own expenses and|with 200,000 leaves, standing perfectly contribute generously to the work. Q. How many Mormon Churches are | there in the United States?—W. C. A. The number of Mormon, or Latter-day Saints, Churches reported in | the last United States census is: Latter- day Saints, 1,867 churches; Reorganized | Church of Latter-day Saints, 592 churches. Q. What is the highest percentage in | alcohol that can be produced by natural | fermentation of fruit juices>—E. A. The Bureau of Prohibition says | free, would throw off about 105 gal- ons of water on a hot, dry day and about 15 gallons on a day of average moisture. A tree, of course, has to replace through its roots the moisture thrown off by its leaves, and this gives an idea of the daily requirements in water of a large trec with approxi- mately the number of leaves mentioned. Q. What are the percentages used in scoring butter>—G. M. R A. Butter is scored as follows: (One hundred per cent for perfection) 45 ner cent flavor and odor, 25 per cent that 14 per cent of alcohol by volume is considered high, although, under spe- body, 15 per cent color, 10 per cent salt and 5 per cent package. Changes in Bankruptey Law Approved As Unqualified approval of President Hoover’s demand for amerfiment of the | bankruptcy laws is extended in the | comment on his message. The position taken is in harmony with the senti- ments of both parties, and all are con- vinced that agreements to prevent wasting of assets should be facilitated. “The more humanely the process can be carried through, the more quickly | the wounds of this economic war can be healed,” declares the Dayton Daily | News, with recognition of the need of ! “less force and more agreement in the settlement of the infinite entanglements | in which debtors and creditors now find | ihemselves.” Pointing out that under it ents “a minority of creditors may reject any agreement,” the Buffalo Evening News upholds the | principle of providing an “opportunity | for the debtor and the majority of his | creditors to effect a reorganization and | settlement through a court,” with the | direction of the court binding on the minority creditors.” Holding that there has been a long-existing need for such legislation, the News sees an enccurag- ing sign in the fact that “spokesmen for regular Republicans, insurgent Re- publicans and Democrats all say that they approve the amendment.” The Lincoln State Journal also cb- serves an inclination on the part of C “to follow the ]Prutdent'l leadership” in this proposal. “The old_view,” according to the Jersey City Journal, “was that any sin- bankruptcy when the debtor failed to meet an obligation. The new theory, now advanced & retiring Republican President, very thoroughly of what is coming to be the new philos- ophy of public and private rights, su) posedly entertained more warmly by Democrats—that individual rights are bsidiary to mass rights.” The Texarkana Gazette emphasizes the injustices of the present law under which “numercus businesses have been entirely wi] cut, with nothing left for the debtor and almost nothing paid to the creditors,” as a result of “forced sales, court costs and receivership fees.” That paper finds an evil in “withdrawal of credits to which business men are entitled under the credit system which ] built up.” Indorsing scme courts which have endeavored “to prevent even the su-pl- cion of waste or looting,” the Baltimore Evening Sun states: “To prevent an insignificant and often irresponsible minority from throwing a wrench into forts of a large majority of tisfactory "éf,‘fi' that might foll Temedies. Aid to Business dicsipaticn cf the astets in fees has been exposed and attacked in some parts of the country. The Federal ma- chinery, however, when in proper hands, has been established 25 acequate. The question now is one of writing the best policy into laws barring the exercise of discretionary power.” “The far-reaching consequences of the proposals,” according to the Roa- noke Times, “will be understcod by every banker and every lawyer. They will not fail to ncte and understand the significance of the provision that a mortgage holder willing to reduce the amount of his mortgage or the rate of interest can do so and at the same time u‘l;erequlxe that other creditors do like- wise.” “The case is one of obvious urgency,” agrees the Oakland Tribune, with the further statement: “President Hoover declares it has a ‘major bearing on the’ whole economic situation in the adjust- ment of the relations of debtors to creditors’ and recommends immediate consideration of an emergency action. Right now there is a demand that the law encourage, rather than imvede, equitable settlements and readjust- ents. Once more the President has pointed to & way in which constructive work may be advanced.” In explanation of the need, the Al- toona Mirror asserts: “Debts contracted when prices were high and the dollar cheap are now so topheavy that a re- sort to the bankruptey laws is about the only remedy. Debtors cannot pay and creditors take a loss if they foreclose. Under the present bankruptcy law, with & system of fees eating up the assets, creditors m expect little and the debtors lose il original investment.” Friday and Calendar Reform. From the Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Friday the thirteenth is with us once more. We wish they would hurry with that 13-month calendar. Every thir- teenth will be on a Friday then. Thir- teen unlucky thirteens a year should either practically ruin the human race &r wipe out most of its fool supersti- lon. —————————— Aspirants, From the Boston Transcript. The annoying thing about this crowd of applicants for Federal jobs under the incoming administration is that they all labor under the delusion that there’s plenty of room at the top. ——ee—s. . Same Time Limit. Prom the Fort Worth Star-Telegram. “Like father, like son,” probably means that son's Christmas toys and father's New Year resolutions go into the junk heap about the same day in Janua Small Pickings. ‘From the Nashville Banner. One of the most notorious bandits of the West is now down to robbing banks where he doesn’t get more than $2,000 { | or $3,000 at a clip. Definition. D€ | prom the Buftalo Evening News. m:mmuu isa oltvhahkalh; Customers Tor the Ar AT o Candy. PFom the Chicago Dally News. Towans are manufacturing sugar of wild sunflower roots. Some - cagoans are making it out of receiver- China’s Need. #rom the Indianapolis News. What the Chinese need oW 18 ~