Evening Star Newspaper, January 2, 1933, Page 8

A-8 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY.. .January 2, 1933 WHEODORE W. NOYES....Editor f%e Evening Star Newspaper Company T Business Office: 11th St and P ve New York Office: East 42nd St jcago Office: Lake Michigan Bullding. pean Office; 14 Regent St.. London, ‘England. - Rate by Carrier Within the City. Evening Sta: .. .45¢ per month and Sunday Star " 60c per month | " 65 per month | Scper copy Evenin, the end of each month £ tn by mail or telephone lers may be sent ional 5000 Rate by Mail—] ble in Advance. Maryland and Vlrl‘lal‘n.l -, iy and Sunday....1yr. $10.00: 1 mo. e < AHERH 5o 3400; 1mo! 40 * All Other States and Canada. fly and Sunday...] yr. $12.00 1mo.. E‘I only - e a3 “on13 yr., §800; 1 11, $5.00: 1 Member of the Associated Press. aTRS Associated Press i exclusively entitled 1.00 8¢ s0c se for republication of all news dis- fohes credited £o it or not otherwise cred- In this paper and also the local news ‘flblllhlg herein. All rights of publication of 1 dispatches herein are also reserved. A Running Start. Four complete and two half days of rest and recreation in the ten days be- tween December 24 and January 3 should constitute an excellent spring board from which to make a grand and glorious plunge into the business of the new year. Whatever else may be said of the beginning of 1933, there can be no complaint on the score of a hurried lsunching. In effect there has been nearly an entire week for warming up, for pulling nerves and muscles together | for a prodigious effort. And there can be no question about a mighty effort being needed. Of course, some rest is necessary, but work is far more important. Constructive thought and devoted labor are imperative to the solution of the vast and tremendously complicated problems with which man- Kind st the present moment is faced. “There can be no idle waiting, Micawber- like, for an automatic readjustment of the causes of the depressicn. There can be no reliance on mere capacity to blunder through to the desired goal of prosperity, progress and peace. Only by consclous endeavor can humanity achieve victory over the losses and sor- rows of the world-wide slump. The depression itself, perhaps, has been & kind of preparation for its cure. People have learned in its bitter school the penalties of extravagance, careless- ness, pride and greed; learned how surely and remorselessly these faults lead down to disaster. They certainly also have begun to appreciate the prac- tical values of earnest but modest en- terprise and decent but cautious living. They know by this time the costs of the #irs of boom periods of industry and finance and the dangers of unjustified expansion. A very definite gain has been made along the line of psycho- Jogical preparation for happier days. Cynics have discounted the possi- bility of nations and individuals to make new starts. There is a notion current among them to the effect that “come- backs” are rare and incomplete. But history contradicts that ides. At the height of the French Revolution pessi- mists spoke of civilization as having been destroyed in that country and prophesied the irremediable collapse of Prench nationhood. Again, during the American Civil War apostles of despair pretended to believe that the new re- public of the west was about to dis- integrate and disappear. In both in- stances the critics were mistaken. France produced Napoleon as her answer to the doubters; and the United States, under less colorful, but more trustworthy leaders, won back in & few decades all that had been sacrificed in the four years of internecine strife. As for individuals, the biographical @ictionaries are bursting with stdries of men and women who at one occasion or another were apparently beaten into the dust and yet with new courage and new determination managed to Tise from failure to achievement and success. One blographer has pointed out that the career of Abraham Lincoln was & sequence of disappointments, yet who can question the grandeur of his con- quest of circumstance? It has been said that fate has a way of mistreating human beings to the polnt of extreme cruelty, and then, if the person so abused has been able to demonstrate capacity to “come up smiling,” grants him unlimited favors and rewards. There may be merit in| rates it has increased its earnings. New done their part, but a great asset has | been efficient operation and good man- agement. The company would stand to gain, rather than, lose, by putting into effect now a new rate reduction volun- tarily and to continue a demonstration, that is being watched outside of Wash- ington, of how cheaply and efficiently electricity can be furnished by a pri- vately owned and money-making power company. ———— Europe in 1933. Few reviews of 1932 or forecasts for days” in the Old World, despite the confidence with which devotees of the “new deal” awaii them on this side of the Atlantic. Europe, on the threshold of another twelvemonth, presents the picture of a house not only sorely divided against itself, in the continental sense, but of a sesies of nations torn in many directions by internal strife capable of leading to bloodshed and revolution. Authorities like Mr. Frank H. Simonds seem convinced that exist- ing conditions cannot continue long without producing both war and revo- lution. With her own interests so in- dissolubly interlocked with those of Europe, economically at least, America, hard-pressed as she may be by her own problems, cannot afford to ignore those besetting her neighbors overseas. International friction persists in most menacing form between Germany and Poland, on the one hand, and between Italy and Yugoslavia, on the other. The Polish Corridor imbroglio does not lose in asperity with the passage of time. A state of virtual war exists in and about the Corridor. Germany's resolution to recover her lost eastern provinces re- determination to maintain the status quo is no less firm. Passions anent the fateful strip are so intense that a spark in either country would perhaps suffice to set alight the powder barrel of war. France is the ally of Poland and Czechoslovakia is allied to France; the imagination does not have to travel far to conjure up the nightmare of an- other world conflagration shouid the fire start again in Central Europe. To the south, slavia glare at each other across the Adriatic. Bitterly at loggerheads since the Fiume affair and other patchwork at Versailles, a new crop of “incidents” in Yugoslavia has fanned Italian pas- slons afresh and extorted belligerent admonitions from Mussolini. While Rome rings with resentment of Yugo- slavian “affronts,” Belgrade charges Italy with fomenting the racial ani- mosities between Croat and Serb for the purpose of undermining Yugo- slavian unity. That an Itallan-Yugo- slavian conflict could hardly be “lo- calized” is obvious from the fact that France—as in the case of Poland—is an ally of Yugoslavia, a circumstance which does not lessen the enduring Franco-Italian strain. Though various European countries are rocked by domestic unrest, politi- cal discontent and economic distress, the future in Germany and Russia is of the most menacing import. As to the Reich, everything depends upon whether in General Kurt von Schleicher another iron chancellor has been found. With President von Hindenburg at his back, ' Von “Schleicher’s power is vir- tually dictatorial. How long he will be able to defy the Reichstag, thwart Hitler, ward off the Communists and hold the republic against the monarch- ists only time can tell. The militarist chancellor, boasting of his “social- mindedness,” has set as his goal the economic betterment of Germany. If General von Schleicher can bring this any lengths, even the restoration of the Hohenzollerns, for which some of his detractors say he is actually plotting. Russia’s five-year plan officially ended with the close of 1932. Yesterday the Soviet launched a second ambitious project for the same number of years. Foreign observers differ widely as to the initial enterprise, but the situation is far less rosy than Moscow official propagandists would have the outside world think. The food shortage is the worst in & decade, amd the standard of living for the bulk of the population has dropped steadily since 1930. All Russia is now under martial law, with death as the penalty for large-scale the thought. | In any case, there is no reason to Jose hope. That would imply surrender, | end there is no advantage i weakly | submitting to misfortune. The new year represents & new chance. The| American people will make the most of the opportunity. They understand the | sgnificance of & running start, — S s A number of cars parked at the curb show that friend Santa Claus did not | include 1in his list of useful gifts enough 4633 motor tags. ————e— Rates for Electricity. | When, with ltigation over the con-| sent decree still pending in the District | Bupreme Court, the Potomac Electric | Power Co. agreed to reduce rates last| ‘Winter the Public Utilities Commission | agreed, in turn, to let those rates xLandE until the litigation was ended. Somo: time after the rates were reduced the | wrestle with the Muscle Shoals prob-| District Supreme Court decided in favor | lem. From New York comes the word | of the Public Utilities Commission and against the company, the decision act-| ing to abolish the old consent decrec‘ method of rate fixing and empowering | the Public Utilities Commission to sub-| stitute s sliding scale method of its| own to fix rates mnnually. The power company appead the case. The Court | of Appeals still has it under considera- tion and will probably continue to do| #0 for a long time to come. Despite the gecrease in rates last ‘Winter, the power company has con- tinued to increase its earnings. It has made more money than it did last year and,’ with rates that were supposed to reduce its profits by $860,000. Under the consent decree rates would auto- matically be reduced again on the first of this year. With the consent decree sbolished, and with litigation over that abolition still in progress, whether the company reduces its rates rests with the company alone. The hands of the Public Utilities Commission are for the time being tied. The commission notes, n this connection, that it did not sntici- by the oppressive overhead of bu- reaucracy. The peasants are demoral ized and in sullen revolt against collec- tive farming. It is too carly to foreshadow the col- lapse of the Soviet system or even its serious breakdown. Stalin and his coadjutors are having to make progressively wider concessions to | “capitalism,” especially in the fleld of wages. is a sign of the times. pacte West communities Far that used wooden money did not let the experi- | ment go far enough to allow the con- sideration of ‘intrinsic ‘value to assert itself, With availability as kindling the only measure of basic foundatlon for a | circulation medium. e ——————— Muscle Shoals. Franklin D. Roosevelt will be the fifth President of the United States to that the President-elect, following out a pledge made during the campaign, plans to “take a look” at the great Government-owned power plant. He has either invited, or will invite, Sena- tor Norris of Nebraska, Republican pro- States of Alabama and Tennessee, all Democrats, to go with him or meet him at the site of the power plant. Senator ment ownership and operation of such power plants. He has twice succeded in having measures put through Con- of the Muscle Shoals plant, the first of which was killed by the pocket veto of former President Coolidge and the second by a veto on the part of Presi- dent Hoover. velt, not alone for the Democratic the national campaign, grew to a con- power question. This question, Every time the company has reduced business and greater consumption have 1933 hold out the prospect of “happy | mains grim and inflexible; Poland's | Italy and Yugo- | about, the Reich might follow him to | the successes and failures achieved by | thefts. Industry as & whole is paralyzed | But the fact that | gresstve, and the Senators from the| | Norris is a strong advocate of Govern- | gress looking to Government operation | Senator Norris' support of Mr. Roose- | presidential nomination, but also during | siderable extent from the position which Roosevelt had assumed toward the while THE EVENING paign, was not magnified into a major issue. However, Mr. Roosevelt, although he did not indorse the Norris bill for Muscle Shoals in detail, gave his ap- proval to the principle involved. Further, he coupled with Muscle Shoals other potential power projects in the West which he said should be oper- ated by the Government and serve as & “measuring rod” for the operation of and the rates charged by private power companies. Mr. Roosevelt's invitation to Senator Norris to go with him to Muscle Shoals will be interpreted as a clear indication that the President-elect will give his support to a measure similar to that which the Nebraska Senator fathered in the past, looking to Government operation of Muscle Shoals. If he does, doubtless it will pass the Democratic | House and Senate and become a law. Opponents of Government ownership and operation of public utilities will | see in this program grave danger to | the whole structure of privately owned | | utilittes in this country. How, they will ask, and with justice, can a pri- vately owned and operated power plant | hope to compete with Government- | owned plants on the Tennessee River | and in the West? These Government- owned plants can bs operated with the whole power of the Federal Government back of them, which means financial power. They will not have to take tax- | |ation into consideration, either. And | doubtless their supporters will see to it that the cost of operation and the | cost of the electricity to the public will be shown in favorable aspect. | Mr. Roosevelt's visit to Muscle Shoals, | therefore, seems to be the first step in | another great fight over the public util- ities, with the odds for the first time | favoring Government cwnership and peration. How far the President-elect will commit himself to it remains to be | | seen. It does not seem possible for any | industry to remain for long half Govern- ment owned and Government operated | and half privately owned and operated. The American people in the past have turned their backs largely on proposals to have the Government operate these huge concerns, trusting rather to pri- vate initiative and private control. It is thus that the great utilities, including the transportation systems as well as the power development, have been built up. If the Government undertakes now to g0 into this business, it means another huge flock of Government officials and employes. Werning is given that Chesapeake Bay oysters must be more carefully looked after to prevent them from be- coming extinct. No reference is made | as yet by economists to any benefit in the meantime of higher prices caused by scarcity. —_————e—————— The stock market is steadier than | | during the campaign, when the ticker | | was expected to make some kind of | | special demonstration every time a dis- ‘!tlngul.shed orator stepped up to the | microphone. | o European politicians who express the opinion that Uncle Sam is only pre- tending to need his money evidently regard breadlines and charity organi- | zations only as elaborate and carefully | rehearsed demonstrations, —————— | Perhaps it is wise for eminent gentle- | | men to postpone trips to this country. | The “buy American” movement may | temporarily extend even to lecture tickets, |, Statesmen who have been gencrous | | in mention of a Happy New Year are | now expected to get down to hard work again in en effort to prove it. ———— | The season approaches when many | expectant office seekers will wonder | whether there is an epidemic among | newly-elected statesmen. e —— SHOOTING STARS. - BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. | Apology for a Twelvemonth. Farewell to you, old '32! Your aims perhaps were good. | We'll say, as you pass on from view, You were misunderstood. | With telescope you made us grope | Through space in yonder sky, | Or seek to scan the atom’s plan With microscopic eye. You'd calculate in sums so great |B.” | business on some scheme of operations That, really, no one could Make all things clear. Let's say, old dear | You were misunderstood. | Resolutions. | “Have you made many campaign | promises?” “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum. ‘But I'm afraid some of them were only | | New Year resolutions and here's where | T may have to turn over a new leaf.” Jud Tunkins says it seems to him | | that the more decorations you plaster | |on the old op'ry house, the worse the | | shows seem liable to get. | Working Hours. [ Although the laborer or clerk Sees shorter hours in store, The bill collector has to work Six days & week, and more. | Figuring the Details. | “Have we saved much on the year?” asked Mr. Dustin Stax. | “Yes, indeed,” answered the ever-| cheerful business doctor. “We didn't take in so much money. | saved on the cash register.” | “To seek always the advantage,” said | Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “be- reaves life of friendship and makes it a | perpetual bargaining.” Try Again. We've struggled to investigate What no one could explain. Still to these words we're giving weight: | | “Try, try againt” And as we greet a year that's new We'll chant the old refrain, Old Father Time, it's up to you. Try, try again! “Dat genTman Mistah Santa Claus,” | said Uncle Eben, “is sho’ popular. No- | body else could carry around so much valuables wif'out sooner or later bein’ hijacked.” ———— Shaken. From the Loulsvillc Courter-Journal. A severe earthquake was felt through- | out the Western mountain country. At last something has to ‘shock ’ummuumuwmmmum STAR, WASHI NGTON, D. C, THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. It is always well, in reading a new book, to keep a weather eye open for good bits outside the main drift of the argument or story. These asides are what help make good writing. The more of them, in any given volume, one may think, the bet- ter the book it is likely to be. Such a passage, in praise of the love of animals, is to be found in Hensi Barbusse's estimate of Emile Zola, just published by Dutton. M. Barbusse, it will be recalled,’ is the author of “Under Fire” the war book which many readers thought su- perior to “All Quiet on the Western Front.” It is not likely that his study of the great French novelist will take the place of our own Matthew Josephson's “Zola | and His Time,” published several years | ago. To those who are familiar, how- ever, with that excellent biography, and who, above all, are readers and ad- mirers of Zola's work, especially as contained in “L'Assommoir” and “Ger- minal,” this new estimaté will make a distinct appeal. The arguments by which M. Barbusse evaluates Zola and his work in terms of social reform are one thing; many delightful “asides” are decidedly other things, one of which is the passage re- ferred to above. Barbusse declares that one of the finest sides of the many-sided Zola was the love of animals, especially dogs and cats. Of his cats, Barbusse says: “He |Joved to surround himself with those starry-whiskered characters.” Pointing out the limitations of such human acdmiration, M. Barbusse says | that the love of beasts is an important love, “born of the respect and pity for life; in other words, of a profound sense of life.” Respect “or life, and pity, he says are explicit sentiments, composed above all of comprehension. Then comes the bit which excites our admiration, as it will, we believe, of all those who realize the universal kinship of living things. “These poor simple transparent crea- tures that move around us, whose destiny is completely in our hands, give us a fragmentary, sketchy but stark view of the great essential profundity of life—the faculty of suffering and that of thinking. “This profound life is independent of the luxuries of knowledge and in- telligence, which the human branch of the animal world has added to it, and, wherever-it is found, it is venerable, as all nature is, “There is in the animal all there is in man, in a smaller, more humble, more pure, more innocent, more visible guise. Among all our sentiments, there is none more human than the love of beasts.” Friends of animals everywhere salute you, M. Barbusse, for those beautiful, those bravely spoken words. There is a ring about them reminis- cent of Maeterlinck at his best. They depict the essential relationship of the creatures to us, their so-called masters, Mr. Barbusse calls them beasts, with admiration only intended. Too long has the word had an unsavory connota- tion among us. Great dogs with fine eyes, starry- whiskered cats — these and many another small animal will be the better off, in years to come, for the under- standing pen of all their friends. The world, despite “man’s own sho civilization, is still filled with unthink ing cruelty on every hand, as well as any amount of it intended. There are two antidotes to it, or, rather, three. The one is a personal growth nearer to the Christian ideals. The second is the pressure of a better public opinion. The third is the friend | of animals, who writes, or works, or | both, in their behalf. | As to the inclusion of “good bits,” or asides, In writing, these add immensely to the enjoyment of the reader, es- pecially if he has a curious mind. Not every reader, of course, has such a mind. To be curlous, seeking, inguisitive, in | regard to one's specialities, is not the \u'x:ie as to be curious for curlosity’s | sake. | And only the last type of mind will welcome gladly, for their own sake, such bits of life and observation as any good writer will include in writings for their own sake, without irrelevance in_any respect. Thoughts naturally grow, as it were, ‘one from another, as one writes. In ancient times this process seemed so miraculous that resort was made to the idea of inspiration. Thought upon thought, however, will explain a great deal. At least it is a surface explanation which will do. It means that a thought, any thought, how- ever little it may be, inevitably gives | way to new thoughts, one after the other, which may or may not lead any- where. Thought always has been likened to a stream, and the comparison is just. And just as a stream may find a low spot in the bank, and flow slightly to one side, before going on with the body of waters, so thoughts may make de- lightful little ebbs. In the, old pompous type of books | such ebbs were taken care of by foot- notes. So it came about that in many a very serious tome of the old times the footnotes turned out to be the most interesting part of the volume, pre- cisely because they were the most natural and the most human writing in the book. The serious writer is never afraid of digressions. There are relevant digres- sions, and_irrelevant—his only concern is that his digressions belong to the | former category. He knows that he always will be able to turn back into his main current without seriously interrupting it. He is not afraid of disconcerting the reader, for he gives him credit for having as much sense as he has! He knows that by a deft turn, at the right time, he will go back to his main theme, with- out in any sense merely wresting things to his purpose. He will have provided for all that. Every thought has many facets, and any one of these facets is enough to hang an entire article or book onto. Now he slides deftly back into the main current, and both he and the reader are well pleased. The digressions play their part. They add precisely the touch of spontaneity which many a serious volume otherwise Jacks. Bui i’ one has a real theme, and if that theme be of a serious nature, there is always a certain in- | congruity in hitching any other mood to it. Only if such other'moods naturally | grow out of the play of thought after | thought will they be permitted either | by writer or reader. | If natural, they come in the form of asides, .in contemplations, or bits of | philosophy, as so many readers prefer |to call them, which add a certain piquancy to the more serious move- ment, and keep it from becoming too | one-sided. The curious-minded one, who has so many interests in life that nothing is foreign to him, finds that both as writer | and reader he is benefited. As writer, iby expanding his collection of facets, | so that he gets in more glitter to better | reflect, his main points. ~As reader, by being able to appreciate these facets, |in all their shine, as well as finding | his own curiosity whetted and his ino | terest kept alive. | | | WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC Newest thing under the 1933 eco- nomic sun—newer even than technoc- racy—is the “Association of American | Business,” about to be launched in New York under the auspices of high-power- ed Wall Street interests. Capitalists Edward F. Hutton, Walter P. Chrysler the promoters and backers. Like near- ly all middepression movements, this one aims, too, at more scientific “plan- ning” for commerce, industry and finance. Three basic purposes are expenses and improve methods of tax- ation; (b) to give Government & better understanding of business problems, and (c) to revise the anti-trust laws, “which take us further and further from a planned and co-ordinated production.” The immediate program of the “A. A is to make studies, co-ordinate andsthen conduct a Nation-wide cam- paign of education in its favor. An expert staff of academic and semi- academic advisers is projected. Re- forms in banking practices are espe- cially contemplated. Depression is said to have shown that ‘“practical commercial bankers, unaided by others, lack the background and foresight for long-term planning.” High Washing- ton officials view the “A. A. B.” enter- prise with favor and hope, seasoned with skepticism born of big business’ chronic inability to unite or remain united on any program. R “What’s wrong with our educational system” is the subject before the “Citl- zens’ Conference on the Crisis in Edu- cation,” to assemble in Washington on January 5th, at President Hoover's call. It will be discussed by an exceptionally carefully chosen body of from 75 to 100 delegatés representing all phases of schoo,, college and university life, The delegates American Council on Education, Amer- ican Farm Bureau Federation, American Federation of Labor, National Associa- tion of Manufacturers and National Grange. A limited number of experts was invited to sit with the delegates. Roughly, the “crisis in education” which the conference will explore is the mountingly high cost of education and how to make necessary retrenchments in school expenditures “with least poss- ible injury to the coming generation.” Ordinarily Mr, and Mrs. Average Amer- ican are ready to get up on their hind legs and roar any time drastic curtail- | ment of educational budgets is pro- posed. The consequence has been the steady and widespread grafting onto the public school system nearly every- where of expensive doo-dads and extra- urricular activities miles removed from “reading, 'riting and ’rithmetic” and other fundamentals—often to their in edness resultant large part from | these costly innovations is a vital fac- tor in tax burdens all over the country. k. That indispensable link in the chain of our Presilents, Rudolph Forster, perennial executive secretary at the ‘White House, is not likely to be missing when the new deal swings into motion on March 4. Mr. Forster is completing his thirty-fifth successive year in the job he fills with such suavity, discre- tion and skill. He's been at the elbow of seven Presidents—beginning with McKinley in 1897 and including Roose- velt, Taft, Wilson, Harding, Coolidgs and Hoover, and been the faithful co- adjutor of all the White House secre- taries from the one-man secretariats of Cortelyou, Loeb, Hilles, Tumulty and | Christian to the Slemp-Clark duality of the Coolidge regime and the Richey- Newton-Joslin-Strother foursome of to- day. An incoming President now and then knows the ropes, but it takes For- ster to teach them how they should be pulled. e e Pending negotiations before the League of Nations to settle the ofl-concession controversy between Persia and Great Britain recall that it was the alert aggressiveness of an American diplomat, Granf then our Minister . which posedly rich ofl deposits of that moun- liberally | have been chosen by the | WILLIAM WILE. | tainous Adriatic land frdm falling into | the clutches of the British oil monopoly. The same (D’Arcy) interests which | comprised the original Anglo-Persian Oil Co. and which the Shah of Persia | would now dispossess; were on the eve | of pulling off an equally comprehensive | and Thomas L. Chadbourne are among | deal with the Albanian government. | Intervening on behalf of threatened ‘Am!fll:fln interests, Mr. Grant-Smith, | who has since retired from the foreign | service, nipped things effectually in tne | bud—-now some 10 years ago. As mat- | scheduled: (a) To reduce Government |ters turned out, Albania proved oilless. | * x X At a public school mental test in Washington recently a grzde pupil was asked to tell the difference betwesn a king and a president. “A king,” was the reply, “has a queen and princesses, | but a president only has Mr. Curtis.” * K K % Ever since the Democratic National «Convention at Chicago last June denied him its permanent chairmanship Jouett | Shouse has been virtually in political eclipse, despite his militant leadership the eighteenth amendment. Yet few Democrats in the Nation have a solider claim for preferment at the hands of the incoming administration than the late executive chairman of the National Oemmittee. From 1928 to 1932 Shouse, |as the active head of the committee under John J. Raskob's nominal chair- | manship, conducted the day-in and day-out drive against the G. O. P. and the Hoover administration. Sweeping Democratic congressional victories in 1930 were widely attributed to his work. He is not known to be an aspirant for a post under Franklin D. Roosevelt, of whom he was a_“little cabinet” col- league when the President-elect was at the Navy Department and Shouse an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury. * %k & | _Speaking of the “little cabinet” of the | Wilson era, the woods are full of honor- ably mentioned and aspiring Democrats “who knew F. D. R. when” and, like him, were junior administrationists 15 | years ago, more or less. They include | (in part), Huston Thompson, Joseph E. | Davies, Daniel C. Roper, Breckinridge | Long, Oliver Peck Newman, Norman H. | Davis, Sumner Welles et al. Some of | these erstwhile associates of Gov. Roose- | velt_are avowed candidates for the hopor of again helping him steer the ship of state; others are merely in coyly | receptive mood. | * ok ok x | _Speaker Garner says the funniest New | Year greeting he received was the wish of a friend that the Vice President-elect | would have “a calm new year.” (Copyright, 1933.) e | [ 99 0 “But think of the wear and tear we | detriment. The rise in bonded indebt- | Canned” Dialects. | Prom the Cleveland News. | Demands by Britain’s drama league | that 24 dialects, rapidly disappearing, | be preserved by phonograph records | seem justifiable. The talkies may enter into plans later evclved for recording the eccentricities of speech. Thus the very agency that helped to destroy the | pleasing twists and turns of spoken | English will help to preserve them for | posterity. Though there has been no immediate | ery for recording American dialects, the same need exists here. Movie talk and radio talk eyentually will make for a marked sameness in speech if they have not already dome so. Our Westerners still hold a large part to their picturesque figures ol speech, the Yankees stick to the twang of their forefathers, and the Southerners main- tain the mellowness of accent charac- | teristic of them. But who knows what another generation will bring forth? It would have been a boon indeed to smodern culture if some of the ancient .dialects could have been recorded. In the case of certain dead languages we of the national organization to abolish ! MONDAY, JANUARY 2, 1933. The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. A momentous—per] -wow s to be held in New YorK next Thursday when President-elect Franklin D. Roose- velt and the Democratic leaders of the Senate and House sit down together to talk over plans and programs. It must have become apparent'to Gov. Roosevelt in the last few weeks that the Demo- crats in Congress are simply not going ahead with any kind of a legislative P m, either at the present “lame duck” session of Congress, or at & spe- cial session of the new Congress with- out first learning what his plans are and what he approves. Here is, there- fore, & chance to set forth the “Roose- velt' policles.” ~ There was another Roosevelt who had his “policles”—"my policies” they were generally dubbed. * x ‘The Democratic conference may deal with two phases—first, what the pro- gram shall be during the present ses- sion of the Congress, and what shall be the general policies of the coming administration. The general impres- sion of the Democratic leaders who have been invited to meet with Gow. Roosevelt at his New York home, Is that a special session of the new Con- gress after March 4 is unavoidable. From Albany have come conflicting re- ports—one that Roosevelt was most anxious to avold a special session of the Congress, and the other that he would welcome such a session. Perhaps this matter will be cleared up at the con- ference. What's to be the policy of the Demo- cratic administration toward taxation, retrenchment and farm relief, not to mention the tariff, may develop during the conference. Certainly some definite kind of a statement regarding these im- portant matters would be walcomed. The time has about come when general- ities won't fill the bill any longer. x x ok x Apparently the need for definite in- formation regarding the legisiative pro- gram to be spcnsored by the Democrats | became imperative after lasi weck's manufacturers’ sales tax flasco, Speaker Garner and Representative Collier of Mississippi, chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee, in a kind of joint agreement decided that it was necessary to put througn legislation to balance the Government's budget, and at the same time said that if the worst came to the worst they would stand for a sales’ tax. Some one sug- gested that these gentlemen could not possibly have made So important an announcement if they had not known what was in Gov. Rooscvelt’s mind. That set off the powder mine. Resur- recting the White House spokesman, the President-elect let it be known that he was “horrified” at the suggestion of a sales tax, or any tax increase at this time. Yet word had been passed about by at least one Democratic Senator that Roosevelt was rather in hope that the Congress at the present session and before he went into the White House would balance the budget by adopting a sales tax. Once his name became attached to the proposal from the Democratic House leaders, the Presi- dent-elect was forced to make his posi- tion known. ° R Among those who have been in- vited to attend the Roosevelt confer- ence are the Vice President-elect and Speaker Garner, Senator Robinson of Arkansas, Democratic leader; Majority Leader Rainey of the House, Senator Pat Harrison of Mississippi, Senator Byrnes of South Carolina, Represenia- tive Collier of Mississippi, chairman of the Ways and Means Committee; Representative Byrns of Tennessee, chairman of the Appropriations Com- mittee, and Representative McDuffie of Alabama, Democratic whip. Perhaps some of the so-called propressive wing of the Democratic party will be invited also to go to New York. The members of Congress included so far are by no means radicals, although they would | resent being listed as standpatters. They are the men, however, who lead the Democratic hosts in Congress an: it is scarcely likely that the President- elect would ignore them when it came to discussing with Democrats the pro- gram of legislation which he proposes | to back. It will b observed, Gov. Roosevel: has invited of the princial speakership cf the next House to visit him, thereby avoiding a charge that he is playing a favorite, I R If the progressives in the Democratic too, that three | party were cast down by the call of the more conservative members of Congress to talk over with the President-elect the mbject of balancing the budget and cther matters of legislation, their spirits may have been revived by Roosevelt's announced intenticn of visiting Muscle Shoals, the great Government-owned power plant on the Tennessee River, in company with Senator George W. Nor- ris of Nebraska, leader of the Progres- sive forces which jumped out cf the Republican fold in the campaign to fol- low Rooeevelt. The announcement of Roosevelt’s proposed visit to Muscle Sheals on January 21 followed immedi- ately on the heels of the statement that he had invited the congressional leaders to meet with him Thursday in New York. P On this power question it would ap-| contenders for the | This 16 & epesiai dcpuilinant Gevoted BolElY B Vhe handiig A Rueries, This PRDEE LS Bk Jilis thepress LIk SEEVICRS Of Bil eateRsioe ihgansatn, 6 Wash- INguuti Lo seive g i ¥ eaparity that rel Lo bterk mstion This setviee s Iree. Falidra th meks vee entitioa. Your ohbgsiion e only # cents in colti or stamps Miised with your inquiry for Qirec. ¥epl [ use post cards, Address l{- Evening Star Information Buresu, Freceric Haskin, Director, Washingumn, 1, O, Q. Can a patent be secured for & medicinal compound?—L. ¥. A. A patent for & medicinal eompound is obtainable only in rar: instances Such medicine must Le beyond the skill of an ordinary physician. Q. How much does the payment of old age pensions cost the citizens’—F, T. A. The annual per ctnpltn cost of old age pensions ranges from 4 cents to $1.35 per inhabitant, . Is it correct for a maid to say “Mrs. Dexter is not at home,” when the caller knows that Mrs. Dexter is at home?—F. S. . A. This conventional phrase means merely that Mrs. Dexter is not at home to visitors. Q. Please give a list of “depression” psalms.—G. F. S. A. Psalms under this heading would include: Sorrow, Psalm 88; danger, Psalms 71 and 46; penitence, Psalm 38; Psalm ; discouragement, ; loneliness and fear, Psalms ; temptation, Psalm 139; anxiety for dear ones, Psalm 91; crisis, Psalm 139; business reverses, Psalm 37. Q. How much does Great Britain’s public debt amount to per capita?— H. A. M. A. The public debt of Creat Britain 7,500,000,000, or about $911 per c’nmtu. Q. What papers have the largest Sunday circulation?—H. M. M. A. The New York News, tabloid, has the largest circulation—1,752,592. ' The New York American, with 1,165,156, leads the standard-size papers in Sun- day circulation. ' Q. What are the meanings of propor- tional, unlimited and cumulative rep- resentation?—J. H. A. By proportional representation is meant representation based upon the | number of electors, inhabitants, etc., in | @ certain electoral district or other unit, or, in a more popular phrase, according to population. By unlimited representa- tion is meant that all candidates are voted for by the entire electorate. By cumulative representation is meant rep- resentation of cne who represents not only one but several districts. Q. What is the tion ota | for Scotland?>—D. J(lmmim ¥ A. There is no special immigration quota for the Scotch. The Scotch are included in the British quota. | leather?—A. M. F. A. Barliest explorers of America found the Indians wearing skins pre- pared with buffalo dung, oil and clay. No improvement in the general method of preparing leather took place until about 1790, when the use of lime to loosen the hair was introduced. Q When was the Stetson hat fac- tory cpened?—W. T A. John Batterson s‘tflwn started his fomous factory in Philadelphia in 1865. His father was a hatier. Q. Was a Colonial census ever taken? —C. W. B. A. In 1712 Gov. Hunter of New York | attempted to take a census, but there | was so much prejudice in connection of 3 ae- | prives you of benefite bo which you mee | ' Q How did the Indians tan thelr | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Ay PREDERIC J. HASKIN. | with it that he was compelled to leave unfinished. " | @ Mow did the elephant and the donkey come to be the emblems of the mbfi:& and Democratic parties?— A These were the invention of the famous , Thomas Nast, who wiso established the tiger as the emblem of Tammany Hall. Nast was also Iargely responsible for the popular fig- ure of Banta Claus as we know it, and the coneception of Robinson Crusoe in his grass suit, Q. When were artificial pearls first made? —O. E. A. Pine a made in Western Europe In 16 | Jacquin, s rosarymaker in Paris. | e Q About 60 years ago was Germany | calied_Prussia?—O. E. L. | "A. Before the Franco-Prussian War, in1870-71, Germany was not a united | country, but consisted of a number of states, of which Prussia was the most powerful. It was after the war and | mainly due to the labors of Bismarck | that the German Empire was formed, & | consolidation of the former German states. rtificlal pearls were first 80 by Q. When was former Mayor Jimmy Walker married?—J. A. K. A. He was married April 11, 1913, at the Church of St. Joseph. Roman Catholic, New York City, to Miss Janet Allen of New York. Q. Is there more of vitamin C in apple peelings than in the fruit itself? —C. R. A Apple peelings are much richer in vitamin C than in the flesh near | the core. Q. Was the issuance of the Eman- cipation Proclamation legal>—S. K. ‘A. The legal effect of this proclama= tion was and is extremely doubtful. | However, the adoption of the thirteenth | amendment to the Constitution provid- |ing that slavery and servitude should |not_exist in the United States settled that point. Q. What _is the National Advisory Council on Radio Education?—K. 8. A. The council is organized for the purpose of g on research activi- ties and delving into the possibiities of establithing the radio for educational purposes' as well as commercial. The Ohio State Department of Educaticn maintains, under legislative appropria- tion, the Ohio School of the Alr. Ore- gon, Iowa, Michigan and Wisconsin are also doing notable work. Q What 15 an index number?—C, D. H. A. A number (generally a percentage) designed to indicate the general level of grwu at any given date. It is formed ratios of the prices of various staples at the date in question, as com- pared with come previous date which | has been adopted as a standard and for | which the Index has been fixed at 100. Q. Who meade th: kewple and why | was it so nemed:—D. D. |~ A. Rosz O'Nell put the first kewple | cn the marke! in 1912, The name iv a | diminutive for cupld. | Q. To what countries do we send most | of our exports?—I. F. A. The countries to which we sent goods valued at more than $100,000,000 for the year ending December 31, 1932, are Canads, France, Germany, United | Kingdom, Scviet Ru.sia, Japan. Q. If I were to write to the Pope, how would I begin the letter?—G. T. Pope Benedict V,” or “His Holiness the Pope.” The salutation is “Ycur Hoid ness” or “Most Holy Father.” Entrapment in Liquor Cases Faces Publi Popular interest attaches to the rul- ing of the United States Supreme Court that it is illegal for Government agents in law enforcement to undertake to in- duce *citizens to violate the law in order that a case may be made. Vari- ous shades of opinion came from the highest court, a minority holding that cases 5o built should be dismissed by the trial {uluoe. One member of the court would mld prosecution for of- fenses, regar of the use of “en- trapment”_methods. “There have been reports of a dis- turbing number of cases,” says the Minneapolis Journal, “in which there has been reason to defendants were order that they might be arrested. Usually such cases have involved spotters working for ultra-dry States, rather than for the Federal Govern- ment, and under arrangements by which they were paid by the conviction instead of by the day, week or month. Provocation of crime in order that crime may be punished is, of course, a_stench in the nostrils of justice. ¢ Condemnation which finds it “ with the American That paper says of “Eight of the nine members of the court Bre i TCRC outy oy e pin ce. Y on one it Whether the trial court should the case out on a showing ment or allow it to go to the jury. majority held that it should go to the jury. This insures consideration of the evidence and relleves the judge of re- bility for the decision, but mits the usual exercise of discre- tion in discussing fhe evidence as to entrapment. Citation of this ruling is irit of" !‘hnk court' m.rnl:di pear beyond a doubt that the President- | There is a broad distinction between elect intends to go forward with the | the undercover man who employs Progressives. The representatives of the | trickery to cogvince an actual boot- power interests were strongly opposed | legger that he is ‘all right’ and the c erations mudm' Of";lf accent and manner of thinking, now that we have the means @t hand 'to preserve them. to the nomination of Roosevelt for President. They did their uimost to prevent it, allied with other business interests. ~Undoubtedly the lines are forming anew for a great struggle over the power question when the new Con- gress meets. It is not likely that the great power interests of the country will take a licking lying down. However, the odds appear 'to favor entirely the ves fu this fight todey How far “the more conservative Democrats will be able to influence Mr. Roosevelt in this power fight remains to be seen. During the campaign the President-elect insisted that Government-owned plants, like that at Muscle Shoals should be used as “measuring rods” to assure the public of a square deal in the matter of costs and services from the privately- owned utility companies. * x ox x The total popular vote for President in the election of 1932, according to the compilation from official records m-q'e by the Associated Press, shows that 39,734,351 voters cast ballots. This is as near the predicted forty-million votes as the prophets had a right to ex- pect. ~ The Democratic candidate for President, now the President-elect, re- ceived a total of 22,813,786 to 15,759,266 for President Hoover. ~Roosevelt's plu- rality was greater than that of Hoover over Alfred E. Smith in 1928 by several hundred thousand. On the other hand, the vote cast for Mr. Hoover was great- er than that cast for Smith four years ago. Scant attention, really, was p ) d by the vast number of voters to tue minor party candidates. Norman Thomas, the Socialist candidate, had, it is true, 881,951 votes, but fell far be- low the estimates set by his followers in pre-election predictions. The American people apparently determined to work out their problems through the use of old parties and the present system, rather than to turn to different ideas. The promise of & “new deal” by the Democratic candidate was sufficient. * ok X Tomorrow the Republicans of Massa. chusetts will fight it out over the se- lection of a new State chairman. Many g them are looking for a “new deal” ere. The candidates for the chairm: of the committee are former State Sen- | Solace. From the Toledo Blade. Llnnlnmerllfifll!ed«:eou‘:d to read that the much-flaunted serum is not infallible. g undercover man who employs trickery ! to persuade an otherwise honest citizen to commit a technical violation of law. | The greed of spotters for unearned re- wards and the zeal of prohibition ad- vocates that countenances such abuse of authority, have had not a little to do with, the alienation of large numbers of former drys from their erstwhile sup- | port of the prohibition cause.” | oy The Supreme Court will be sus- talned by public opinién,” declares the Pasadena Post, “in its decision roasting prohibition officials for leading men into crime in order to get the oppor- tunity to arrest them.” The Rockford Register-Republic refers to a local case in this class in which a defendant had been “framed by men whose duty it was | to_ stamp out violations,” and gives the d&ails of the proceedings: “It was brought out in the testimony that a | Federal agent and an informer in em- | pldy of Federal prohibition agents in Chicago had devised a plan to induce | the defendant to violete the law. Using | the name of an acquaintance of the | youth, the informer went to the de- fendant’s home and urged- him to get two gallons of lquor, the testimony revealed. The defendant, a member of the local Illinois National Guard Company, consented. After calling several places in attempt to fulfill the request, he made ar- | rangements for the purchase and | obtained a friend’s car to take .the | informer to the home of the dealer. After obt2ining the liquor the informer | asked the defendant to take him to an | East Side address. When they drove up in front of the house the informer’s ac- complice and other Federal agents were waiting.” The Rockford paper advises that “an investigation of the local case and summary action against those re- ! sponsible appears to be mandatory upon | Federal authorities.” “As indicated by Justices Butler, | Brandeis and Stone,” thinks the Tex- arkana Gazette, “a tsial judge, when entrapment is apparent, should imme- diately quash the indictment and dis- miss the defendant. could remain long in office who deliberately incited & man to commit burglary so | that he might make an arrest and ob- | tain a conviction. Public opinion ought | not countenance such procedure in con- forcement of the t cases the sceles an cnmflw'ml. bflut wnIc{x b;mm’ are rel made X summary were exceptionally clear. The defend- ;nt.u; Wnfld‘ zu.r veteran, was visited y agen| company with others. They belonged to the same division and discussed service reminiscences. Then the agent asked the veteran as a ‘buddy’ some Ii o;!’odr him. The de- coaxing, he consented to see w e}c!»ulgao, mtun.ny tlrlurzd theh“ h., e a s worker, tunuhcet." ly as shown by a “Because repeal of tI amendment ‘séems b o Birmingham - | Herald, “this decision 'fll not l‘t.elel S0 momentous as it would have looked a few years ago. Yet such delimitation of ~ provocative activities will play its part even during the transi- tion period which lies ahead. As for the further future, it is to be remembered that the principle enunciated applies to other attempts to rob the individual citizen of his rights. By saying that it will not be party to justification of ef- forts to seduce peoplé o commit crimes for the sake of arresting them, the Su- preme Court has reinforcad private lib- erty in the United States. Product of a Crazy Period. From the Cincinnatl Times-Star. If history is interested in exception»! Intelligence, or its opposite, in public officials, it should take note of the man who recently developed a new principle relative to Uncle S8am'’s real estate in American cities. According to this novel principle, 1t | the land under a Federal buflding be- | comes valuable, the Government is sup- at once to sell and move t - other site. ol the financial , brought Joss o’ the. Federsl Teessury, It is the natural thing that Govern- men:. h‘xli:ldinp should come to be land-