Evening Star Newspaper, November 27, 1932, Page 22

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY..... .?ovember 27, 1932 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor | The Evening Star Newspaper Company | Business Office: | 11th_St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd 8t. Chicago Office: Lake Michigan Building. European Office; 14 Regent £t.. London. ngland. Rate by Carrier Within the City. e Evening Ster -45¢ per month | e Evening and Sund: Sinday Star - ... .80c per month | ir Star { The Sunday Ster...... 1000 Collection made at the end of each Gers may be sent in by mail or telephone ul 500, | 65¢ per month 5c_per copy | month. Order Nation Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Deily and Sunday }yr.xiom. 1 mo., 85¢ ily only ... 6.00: 1 mo.. 50¢ Bindas onty 11 $4.00; 1mo., 40¢ All Other States and Canad. 1 $12.00; 1 m $8.00; 1mo. $5.00; 1mo. sc | 50c Member of the Associated Press. | The Associated Press is exclusively entitled | to the uge for republication of all news dis- | ted to it Or not otherwise crt i n paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of Special dispatches herein ere elso reserved. | man people, but all Europe and even tional treaties in the Reich. old soldier-statesman’s hand were sud- denly to be withdrawn from' the helm is something it is not agreeable to con- template, political and economic con- ditions in the Reich being what they are. The ordering of their destinies is first and foremost the affair of the Ger- America have a stake in'them, too, for peace depends on the continued reign of law, including respect for internz- { | oot The Campaign Has Not Failed. While the figures are constantly changing by revisions upward in the contributions received for the Com- munity* Chest and will continue so to change for some time to come, the status of the various units enlisted in the campaign is now, on the basis of revised computations, substantially as follows: Unit. Metropolitan Group Solicitation Governmental .. Percentage of Quota. 90.03 98.93 51.30 T been restored there can be no perma- nent economic improvement. In his retreat at Warm Springs Gov. Roosevelt has just consulted with the subject of farm relief. ' Latér he will have with him the Farmers' Union and the American Farm Bureau Federation. It would be a relief if these farm or- ganizations themselves could unite on a plan of farm relief. One of the great difficulties that has faced the Congress and the President in the past has been on what should be done for them. Gov. Roosevelt has discussed plans of farm relief in his public addresses, but so far he has seemed to lean to the so-called | domestic allotment plan. The Congress, under the leadership of President Hoover, set up the Fed- eral Farm Board, with wide: powers to ald farm co-operatives and to under- | take “stabilization” of the grain and cotton markets. It was the outstand- ing plece of Federal legislation designed .. 9041 The campaign as a whole has pro- | duced about $1,836,000, or 75.88 per | cent of the total sought. There have | been some 106,164 givers, as against | the 120,000 who gave last year. The particularly for the farmers, unless the tariff duties fixed on farm products be considered of parallel importance. Had the law been written on the statute | books five years earlier it might have| | had a better fate and better reception. | them out of the world, but that Thou| | It came, however, when the country | Sh HE SUNDAY STAR, leaders of the National Grange on the | the inability of the farmers to agree | has settled on no one of them, although | WASHINGTON, “Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesar’s; and unto God the things that are God’s.”—St. Mat- thew, zzii.21, The above statement came from Christ in response to. an inquiry that | was made by his severest critics con- cerning the payment of tribute money. The design of their inquiry was obvious. They sought to embarrass Him by bringing Him into opposition to the | existing authority of the state. If He repudiated the tribute money He would incur the stern censure of the ruling powers; if He favored it He would win the displeasure of those who regarded | tribute as an unjust tax laid upon them by an alien ruler. The answer of the Great Master contains one of the most significant statements He ever made in it He makes clear His conception of | the Christian’s obligation, in a word, affirms that the area of Christian faith and practice is co-extensive with all that | concerns life here and now. His word |15 in consonance with His declaration concerning the greatest commandment, namely, love of God and love of one's | fellows. We are also reminded that in| | His prayer for His own disciples He prayed: “Not that Thou shouldest take ouldest keep them from the evil.” Ix O THE CHRISTIAN CITIZEN BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D, LL. D, Bishop of W ashington. with the bettering of human conditions in the world in which we live. It is largely a monastic conception and, while this conception has at times pro- duced great saints, it has demonstrated its incapacity to win the favor and ap- proval of men gene: A second concep! and practice is one that may be classi- | fied as altogether superficial. It is easy assumption of adherence to Christ that involves nothing of sacrifice, and that sees no relation between a voluble profession of faith and the disciplines that such a profession implies. This conception grows out of an undue em- phasis upon what is commonly called a “comfortable gospel.” There are many exemplars of this type, and their easy and loose ways of profession, coupled vith the inconsistencies of their daily abit, do infinite harm to the Christian cause. Over and against this we set Christ’s conception of what He held to be the high obligation of those who acknowledged His leadership and sought to do His will. We believe that in the passage quoted above, in which He replied to His se- verest critics, is a definite affirmation of what He held to be the Christian's obligation and duty. In this single statement He stretches the bounds of Christian service and duty, and makes | rally. tion of Christian faith | w 2 NOVEMBER 27, 1932—PART TWO. _— Road Beautification by Unemployed Capital Sidelights BY WILL P. KENNEDY. And now for another Bicentennial! With the George Washington Bicen- tennial Year officially closed, the Amer- jcan people have another even more | important Bicentennial to look forward | to—the second centennial of the inde- nce of the United States, 44 years ce, in 1976. The youths of today and tomorrow will observe that Bicen- tennial, as the big majority of those 0 have been celebrating the George Year Washington Bicentennial have passed along. But we of our generation have pro- vided for a feature of the 1976 Bicen- tennial, in fact we have a tabernacle | dedicated to that celebration, in an 1t is not on the rounds about which the Capitol guides conduct the tourist groups. Very few persons know that there is a centennial safe. It is a large fireproof safe, filled with records of national interest, rela- tive to the close of the first centennial era. This safe is permanently closed | and not to be until 1976, | ‘This fireproof centennial safe was furnished through the efforts of Mrs. A tuted the plan for the parchase of the safe and the contribution of the con- tents. One of the features of this col- Jection is a large album containing au- will | | obscure part of the Capital, about which | even many of the oldest veterans| | around the legislative halls know little. | . H. Diehm of New York, who insti-| l BY FREDERI A job for the unemployed has been | | in the beautification of American highways by the removal or remodeling of unsightly billboards and | the general cleaning up of the road- sides. President-elect Roosevelt has put forward the suggestion that many | thousands of unemployed could profit- | ably be engaged in reforestation work, especially on the public domain. He | made the specific suggestion that the bonus army which was gathered at Washington early last Summer might well have been given work at survival wages in forest and beautification work in the National Parks. Healthful out- door work would be provided at a min- imum of expense to the Government and actual relief would be achieved without any suggestion of pauperism or a dole. While Gov. Roosevelt has mnot yet spoken in the matter of use of the un- employed in highway beautification, it is believed that he would readily fall in with the idea. It is closely in line with his own ideas, with ihe added value of more widely extending the incidence of the employment. £o many highways now are under partial Federal control that the matter of jurisdiction, if work- ed out in collzboration with the several States and with municipalities or'even with county authorities, would, it is be- lieved, form no bar. C J. HASKIN. | The extent of the oltdoor adver- tising business is tremendous. It has | become one of the big industries. Whils |in 1913 only $5,000,000 was spent om outdoor advertising, the -most recent estimate places the figure at $75,000,000. | The investment in what many people | regard as eyesores runs between $100,« 000,000 and $150,000,000. Some 35,000 | persons are employed, normally, by the industry and some 400,000 structures-y billboards, electric signs and the like<d are maintained. To be sure, a great many of the structures are in cities. he figui include the bright lights of the famoud electric _signs on Broadway's Great | White Way as well as the signs in other | cities. It is not against these that the motoring public complains, but | rather against that portion of the ad- vertising structures lining the highways | of the country. | Source of Income. | A hitch comes in every effort to regu- 200,000 landlords ‘are receiving rent for the use of their properties. Such rentals cover the use of land for the erection | of billboards and also the sides of barns and such structures which are painted with the enticements of the | tradesmen. In some cases there is no cash consideration. A farmer will con= sent to have a contented cow or the tographs and portraits of prominent | people from all parts of the country. ‘This centennial safe was closed and locked on February 22, 1879. It is to them inclusive of every human concern and interest. The application of this is immediate and intensely practical. Applied to the Christian citizen it | Inasmuch as the whole theory of highway improvement on a national scale is predicated on joint action and | expenditure of the Federal and State | There is nothing in Christ's teaching | picture of a pill adorn the side of his barn provided the advertising company will agree to keep his farm buildin A great deal of ¢ A Federal Responsibility. defictt for the whole campaign now is s | T The group of Washingtonians repre- | aporeximately $583,000, and the defictt |y o the eve of the most, widespread | qosigned to separate His followers and | ting trace, civic end professional or- = A1 it 38 lasipeaet | depression in years. Probably it saved those who accepted His leadership from senting trae, profess | for the Governmental S APPIOXi- | ¢pe formers from experiencing even | those common concerns that have to B@ucns, \\vhich ;al}et: 9: hll:cor{\l;(:; mately ‘M':o.qz:, but it has been es:h | lower depths in the depression of the | ney General yesierday, laid before mated that should the Governmental | oot tnree years, although the farmers the obvious facts that if any large dele- ‘ gation of hunger or other marchers coms to Washington this Winter, prac- | tically a!l the Metropolitan Folice De- | partment will be required to preserve| the rest of Washington will be virtually without police protection and if the situation becomes menacing the | Pederal Government should immedi-| ately assume all of its responsibilities | and prevent disorder instead of wn_h-‘ holding action until disorder has begun. | The only request that the citizens | made was that the Attorney General bear these things in mind and the only | promise the Attorney General made | ‘was that he would. | The specific details of this exchange | of views are of less interest, therefore, | the general situation ~which| brought it about. Those who come here in the guise of mass petitioners are not | concerned with the local community.| Their business is exclusively with the Pederal Government, which also exer- | cises exclusive jurisdiction over the| local community. But while the moral | effect of their visits may be intended | for the Federal Government, the physi- cal—and far more importent—effects are felt entirely by the local community. The members of the local community are impotent and helpless, as far as concerns anything they may do to deal with a situation which they have no part in creating. Even such a matter as the allocation of police protection is out of their hands, and is exercised ac- cording to the discretion of the Federal Government’s agencies for governing the Capital. The number of such agencies, their overlapping authority and their some- times conflicting . jurisdictions are the cause of uncertainty and some em- barrassment. There is a certaln amount of Tweedledum and Tweedledee dis- cussion over who shall do which, do what, and do when. Granting the Fed- eral Government’s inability to cross all bridges before they are reached, or 0 make decisions in advance of know- ing what is to be decided, the delega- tion which called on the Attorney Gen- eral was correct in emphasizing the fact that the responsibility rests with the Pederal Government and nowhere else. How that responsibility is exercised, and through what agencies, is a mat- ter that concerns the local community only to the extent that the Federal Government, while meeting its respon- sibilities to its petitioners from the States, also meet its self-imposed re- sponsibilities to the citizens of Wash- ington. These latter, ironically enough, lack what the petitioners have—which is the right of participating in the af- fairs of their own government. ——t————————— Every American citizen can feel a certain sympathy with European Te- | luctance about debt payment. Decem- | ber 15 is the day on which another installment of United States income tax is due. vt Hindenburg Carries On. | Germany's latest cabinet crisis, the | outgrowth of the Reichstag elections of | three weeks ago, has ended, leaving mat- | ters almost precisely where they were | before, with supreme power vested in President von Hindenburg. The fleld marshal, unmoved by Herr Hitler's | srule or ruin” demands, will hold sway | with a so-called presidial cabinet, re- sponsible neither to the Reichstag nor to political parties, but to him zlone. Berlin would not be surprised if Von | Hindenburg, having given all the par-| liamentary ‘oes of the late Von Papen- Von Schleicher government every Op-’ portunity to form & ministry of difler-; ent hue, now resorts to the simple re- course of restoring that cabinet to| power. Whatever happens, one thing 1s | certain—Von Hindenburg will carry on. The Reich president’s final attempt to construct a “Reichstag cabinet” col- lapsed with the failure of Dr. Ludwig name of charity and in behalf of men | Center | and women and children who need | Kaas, the Roman Catholic leader, to reconcile the warring parlia- mentary groups. He received pledges of co-operation only from the minor People’s and Bavarian People’s parties. Neither the Hitler “Nazis” nor the Hugenberg Nationalists would take part | in the projected coalition with the Cen-| trists. Then President von HinZenburg threw up the sponge, s far as further efforts to compose an insoluble situ-| ation were concerned. He decided to regrasp the reins he was willing to en- trust to & parliamentary government. Though the octogenarian fleld mar-| shal, by the turn of events, becomes clothed under the constitution with virtually autocratic authority, Germany 1s entirely resigned to that situation, with the exceduton of the implacable “Nazis” and the equally irreconcilable Hugenbergian Nationalists. The Hitler- ites thunder vengeance if there is a Te- turn of the Von Papen cabiret. The Von Papen system “must be smashed,” Herr Hitler's latest manifesto exclaims, *4¢ the German nation is not to go to smesh. The fight goes on.” The outside world is content to let “the fight go on” in Germany, so long | was being made by members of Con- Unit reach its assigned quota, the cam- | paign will go “over the top,” with the help expected from continuing efforts of | other units. There are several factors which in- dicate that the Governmental Unit will | go far, in the next few weeks, to wipe | out the deficit now existing in its as-| signed quota. One of these is that the campaign began at a time when many of the Government establishments were busy with their estimates for final sub- mission to the Budget Bureau, thus de- laying solicitation. Last year the spe- cial campaign within the Government departments lasted nearly a month, as compared with the ten days given over to this year's campaign. The work within the governmental establishments is being pushed, and those in charge say that it will not cease until every worker has been given direct opportu- nity to contribute. Some of the Gov- ernment employes, it is understood, have not yet been solicited. The success of the camp2ign depends largely upon the ability of the Govern- mental Unit to meet its quota. It goes without saying that everybody hopes this will be the case. The Government workers constitute a large proportion of the local community and the problems of the communily are their own, more so, perhaps, than those of anybody else. In the past the Government workers have never falleri short of meeting any responsibilities, and if they fail this year it 'must be because of reasons that are not apparent. ‘There has been considerable talk, it is true, concerning the difficulties faced by the Community Chest in the de- partments this year and there is no reason why it should not be discussed frankly. Most people have heard the story, in some version, that Government ‘workers were given to understand last year that if they contributed to the Community Chest they would escape a pay cut. If any such preposterous proposition, or bargain, was made at the time its author is unknown. Certuinly it was advanced from no responsible source, and certeinly it could not have been accepted in good faith by any in- telligent Government worker, familiar enough with the undisputed authority of Congress. The Star, which en- deavored fully to report the progress of the Government campaign, has searched its files in vain for a clue to the origin of this story. The campaign in the Government departments was held in advance of the regular campaign last year to raise money to meet a very serious crisis in caring for the unem- ployed, at a time when the District Unemployment Committee was, with its increasing - needs, placed under the Community Chest. The President was being bombarded with demands that the Government inaugurate the stagger system in the departments, in view of the wide unemployment, and the charge gress that the Government employe was enjoying relative prosperity while every- body else was suffering from the de- pression. The answer to that charge was the decision for an early cam- paign among Government workers as their direct contribution toward re- | lieving distress elsewhere. In addition, overzealqusness of some | of the “key men” in the departments brought up the charge of coercion and forced giving, and despite the offer by Chest officials to return money or cancel a pledge from apy employe who felt that he had been coerced, and | to keep the transaction secret, the methods of solicitation in some offices left a sting. There is, moreover, the fact that pay of workers has been cut and many of them are hard pressed to make both ends meet, a condition that is not confined to the Government workers. That is the substance of some of the talk that is generally familiar. But the Chest appeal is not to unwilling givers. ‘The appeal is made in the | help. 'There are few, indeed, as the final report from the Government de- partments will show, who can remain deaf to that plea and true to them- selves. vt | The Insull crash may prove on fur- ther investigation to be one of those melancholy instances when a business doctor got in a hurry and gave the 1 wrong prescription. | J R ——— | The Farm Problem Anew. One of the first problems to be tackled by the incoming Democratic ad- | ministration will be that of the farmers, according to President-elect Roosevelt. It was one of the first great questions taken up by the Hoover administration. The problem of farm relief has been with the Government, and of course with the farmers, unceasingly, except during the period of the World War, when the boot was on the other foot and the only question was how to keep the prices of farm products low enough. ‘Gov. Roosevelt, during his campaign for election to the presidency, talked fre- quently of the need of improving the lot of the farmers. He sald, as others have said, that it is & prime step in | lThe donkey, still her pet and pride, do not see how things could have been | worse for them. The Farm Board under | the new law undertook for the first| time through Federal aid to help the| farmer do his own marketing on a| large scale and to have a voice regard- ing the price for which his produce was to be sold. It immediately aroused | the antagonism of middlemen, wWho | have lived off the farmers for years| and made huge fortunes therefrom. | With a world-wide depression nothing could have saved the American farmer from distress in these recent years. He suffered with the rest of the world. It was not unnatural for him, when he felt the pinch, to be resentful and crit- ical of the very agency set up to aid him. Some of the farmers have been among the harshest critics of the Farm Board. Naturally, the middlemen have done all in their power to stir the anger of the farmers toward the board. ‘Whether the Roosevelt administration | will undertake to tear down the Farm | Board remains to be seen. But that| the incoming President will seek some- | thing new is expected. He received | a huge vote in the great farm States of the Middle West and the West. That he will find the problem complex and exceedingly difficult is beyond all doubt true. — Every now and then some new satiri- cal reference is made to the discovery of “the meanest man.” - He has again been found in the person low enough to rob the Community Chest of $500. The loss is covered by insurance, but that fact has no bearing on the reminder of the depth to which human nature may sink. - Moscow announces that Canada has placed an enormous order for oil with Soviet Russia. Mr. Rockefeller may be pardoned if he wonders Wwhether this action by th> Lady of the Snows is not a trifle unneighborly. 4 e —— Legislation pertaining to State roads is becoming almost important enough-to have “The Sidewalks of New York” re- written to apply to highways in the open spaces. —at————— Statesmanship is inclined to agree that the beer question may as well be disposed of as early as possible in order to make room for business of a less frothy nature. ——————————— A release of business is looked for by many economists on the assumption that what has been called a cepression was in reality a repression. ———— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The 014 Girl Steps Out. Now Miss Democracy appears No more in garb grotesque, Retaining frem the by-gone years Suggestions of burlesque.” Her skirts are at the proper height To show a stocking neat, Or sport clothes she may wear aright To an athletic meet. Now grazes on the green. When she desires to take a ride She calls a limousine. Though once a “wall flower,” unto her ‘We make our courtliest bow. She is—and humbly men defer— ‘The reigning beauty now. No Spotlight Seeker. | “will you ask for any preferment | under the next administration?” [ “No,” announced Senator Sorghum, “My present job suits me. I am in a situation where I'll be suited if I can | figure as a ‘forgotten man.’ " Jud Tunkins says mebbe it's a good thing to talk & good deal before payin’ | debts. It may help you to remember to be careful about borrowin' in the future. Unpleasant Reflections. “Shylock” they call us when they’re cross And “silly Yankees,” too, Because we bargained at a loss. Perhaps it's somewhat true. Rendered Obsolete. “Of course, you don't want the old- fashioned saloon back.” “My friend,” answered Uncle Bill Bottletop, “such a thing would be im- possible. The speakeasies have spoiled all etiquette. People wouldn't know {how to behave in an old-fashioned saloon.” “One who wears a perpetual smile,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, | “cannot be sincere, for there is no mor- |tal to whom sadness never comes.” Perpetual Vaudeville. -« ‘When an election is complete ‘We say the job is very neat. If later on it does not please We need not all be ill at ease. For we can wait. In four years more We know another is in store. ‘We “get the hook” and never quit Until somebody makes a hit. “If you makes a mistake,” said Uncle of business; that until the | They. arc largely personal to us an | sentative O'Connor of New York fixed | do with life here and now. Civic duty, | | social obligation, our relations with our fellows in our daily occupational life— all these constitute the range of Christian service. The whole gamut of life is the legitimate area in which Christian disciplehood finds its field of operation. Too many of us seem to have the conviction that Christian faith and practice have their sphere of op- erationr within certain limited confine: have to do with our own spiritual de- velopment and they find their largest expression in an occasional act of re- ligious devotion. Thus this limited and restricted conception of Christian belief and service has had a disastrous effect upon life in general and has served to repel men and women who regard its appeal as unworthy and unsatisfying. There is one conception of Christian disciplship that has repeatedly found expression, that regards the follower of Jesus as being wholly unrelated to mundane and worldly interests. It is a type of faith and practice that would pursue life here and now, disavowing all responsibility for its concerns, with its whole vision fixed upon the life that is to be. It means segregation and separation and it discloses itself in an unwillingness to assume just and con- sistent obligations in all that has to do means that he shall exercise his obli- gations as such with sensitive con- science, clear judgment and a concern for the highest good of his fellows. It literally means that he shall bring his Christian faith to bear upon all that concerns the state and public policies. A Christian citizenry necessarily stands for clean politics, wholesome laws and the full discharge of all that is implied in civic responsibility. Applied to so- jety, it means strict adherence at all times and under all circumstances to everything that concerns decency and the wholesome things of human reia- tionships. It means bringing our Christian conception of faith and prac- tice to bear upon everything that con- cerns domestic happiness, the ways and manners of social intercourse, in fine, all that is implied in our relation with our fellows. As applied to industry, it means rec- ognizing the rules of equity and fair play in all the relationships that con- cern the world’s work room. It means making the Golden Rule the norm or standard by which we measure every act. When the law of Christ is made the rule of life, when those who profess allegiance to Him measurably fulfill the obligations He lays upon them, we shall witness a new world wherein dwelleth righteousness. Perplexities Attend BY WILLIAM HARD. Prophecies of statesmen regarding the legislative prospects of beer have ob- scured the deeper elements of the pro- found beer problem. Those elements are four. | First is the choice involved. in fixing | alcoholic content. The Volstead law fixed one-half of 1 per cent by volume. The bill introduced into the House of Representatives last session by Repre- approximately 3!, per cent, The bill introduced into the Senate by Senator Bingham of Connecticut fixed 4 per cent. Mr. Bingham's friend, Prof. Yandell Henderson of Yale, testified expertly on 4 per cent beer. He stated that a man drinking it and wishing to become in- toxicated would be obliged to drink 10| quarts, Representative Hull of Illinols testi- | fied he is not a drinking man, but in Sweden on an empty stomach he drank four pints of 4 per cent beer and was not intoxicated. * K X X Drys scoff at such claims and main- tain there are three stages of uncon- sclous intoxication before a man arrives at the fourth stage, when he knows it. Nevertheless, Mr. Bingham persists, and the chances are there will be a stiff fight for 4 per cent. It is approximate- ly 1 per cent less than customary per- ‘centage in beer in Germany. The next element in the problem is prevention of the return of the saloon. Both the O’Connor bill and the Bing- ham bill are strongly opposed to beer in kegs. Kegs would be handy in bar | rooms and at picnics. Both the O'Con- | nor bill and the Bingham bill require beer to be in bottles. Further detailed rovisions of one or the other of these ills indicate that a vast new enter- prise of control by law over the drink- ing of alcoholic beverages may be on its way. ‘The Bingham bill requires each beer bottle to have exactly 16 fluid ounces of peer content. It requires bottles to be packed in cases. It requires these cases to be only of three sorts. One is to contain a dozen bottles one is to contain two dozen bottles, One is to contain four dozen bottles. Each case and each bottle must be labeled in the manner prescribed jointly by the Attor- ney General and the Secretary of the Treasury. The O'Connor bill adds that every brewery shall be licensed to have & number and this number must ap- pear upon each beer bottle in figures one-half of one inch high. ‘The Bingham bill states that a beer bottle must not be opened where it is sold. It must be opened only after be- ing taken home. Or otherwise, it must be opened only in restaurants or ho- tels. In restaurants or hotels it must be opened only in the dining room. In the dining room it must be opened only during meals. The O'Connor bill adds that the bottle may be opened also in clubs. It specifies, nevertheless, that if the club wishes to open beer bottles its members must pay dues of at least $10 a year. * ok K Manifestly, enforcement of such pro- vislons will require numerous en(orgeu. These enforcers, under the Bingham and O'Connor bills, pending repeal of the eighteenth amendment, would nec- essarily be Federal. If the eighteenth amendment should be repealed and if the States should similarly reject beer by the keg and adopt beer by the bottle and restrict consumption only to homes, hotels, restaurants and clubs, the en- forcers would be State and local. In any case, they would have to be multi- tudinous and energetic. The elaborate- ness of the machinery necessary in or- der to prevent-the return of the saloon now begins to be apparent. Additionally, many prospective brew- ers are engaged in an important appeal to Dr. James M. Doran, commissioner of industrial alcohol for the Federal Government. They maintain that even after repeal of the eighteenth amend- ment there must be Federal permits for breweries and Federal scrutiny of beew manufacture and beer distribution fn order that legitimate breweries may be protected against the alley and cellar amateur breweries of gangsters. ‘The prospect dawns that the plan of Henry Anderson of Virginia for a Fed- eral check on liquor origins and liquor channels in all the wet States may vet be adopted by the eighteenth amend- ment repeal advocates in the next Con- gress. * ok ok ok ‘The next element in the- problem is calculation of the extent of sales beer when and if legalized. Fourteen States still have prohibition in their constitutions. Nineteen States still bave prohibition, not in their con- stitutions, but by law in their statute books. That is a total of 33 States Beer Legislation In Course of Repeal of Prohibitionf They are, in New England, Massachu- setts; in the North Central Atlantic| region, New York and New Jersey; on | the border, Maryland; in the solid | South, Louisiana; in the Great Lakes region, Michigan and Wisconsin; in the Prairie region, North Dakota; in thei Mountain region, Montana, Colorado, | Nevada and Arizona; on the Pacific slope, Washington, Oregon and Cali- fornia. In about one-third of these States, however, the local counties or the like are privileged under “local option” & go dry and forbid beer if they please. Nevertheless, the wet minority of the | Senate Committec on Manufactures cal- | | culated last Spring that the consump- tion of legalized beer would at least equal consumption in 1916, when it was some 66,000,000 barrels. That is 32,736,000,000 glasses of beer. * K K K auWe then approach the fourth diffi- Ity. beer. The O’Connor bill in the last session fixed it at 3 cents a pint bottle. Some Senators have proposed to fix it at 2 cents a pint bottle. This would be approximately a cent a glass. The ar- gument for a lower tax is that ex- pensive beer would presumably encour- age cheap bottle beer. The theory of the advocates of a low beer tax is that cheap legitimate beer would make bootleggers unnecessary. If the tax should be fixed at & cent a glass or 2 cents a pint, the revenue derived, according to the wet minority of the Senate Manufactures Commit- tee, would be $327,360,000. ‘A more modest estimate of the possibil- ities of beer consumption and revenue is made by Mr. Rufus Lusk, legislative representative in Washington of the militant wet organization, the Cru- saders. Mr. Lusk calculates that with a tax of 1 cent a glass the revenue re- sulting would be $226,542,000. It is increasingly realized that an | extreme tax would play into the hands of the speakeasies, illegal beer, and would thus tend to bring the new wet legislation into dis- repute. * ok K K As an appendage to these elements in the problem there are the speculative pronouncements of statesmen and in- dustrialists regarding the economic gains to be secured by legalized beer in combating the depression. Wet Sen- ators have maintained that the revived beer industry would give employment to 500,000 persons. Dry leaders have main- tained that almost an equal number of persons would simultaneously get dis- placed out of the industries which now produce soft drinks and ice cream and candies. Some economists theorize to the eflect that consumers have plenty of money right now, which they are hoarding, and that if they were at- tracted by beer they could afford to support both the beer industry and the soft drinks and ice cream and candy industries simultaneously. Weathered and wary observers are inclined to think that the science of economics on this point, as on all ulation than for investment. ‘The one industry which sees itself af least theoretically barred from partici- ation in the prosperity promised by r is the fixture industry. With beer dispensed only in bottles, there will be no gains by the manufacturers of brass rails, mahogany counters, cooling coils, pumps and faucets. (Copyright, 1932 Conference on Copper To Seek Cure of Woes BY HARDEN COLFAX. While serious &roblem face the great conference of the world copper pro- ducers which will begin its sessions in New York Monday it is believed in ex- pert circles here, both Government and private, that not much can be done to settle the troubles of copper other than by assisting in the working out of the natural law of supply and demand. ‘The extension of the present produc- tlon curtailment agreement for another year and the allotment of quotas in the foreign field, excepting Great Brit- ain, are probably the main problems. Last Spring the world’s producers agreed to restrict production to 20 per cent of capacity. a result production and demand are now believed to be al- most balanced, although, as reported by the American Bureau of Metal Sta- of | tistics this week, world consumption ‘anada outside ,the United States and C: for the past three months has been some 4,000 tons more than the average. * kK ¥ ‘The chief difficulty now arises the fact that, since this ureeol}aencwu sider w] the | and British prival l!grlcfiflltomln 3 their own country. That is the fixing of the tax on | furnishing cheap | rs, is safer for spec- | | remain closed until the second centen- | nial year. It was removed from the rotunda of the Capitol many years ago and is now stored in one of the entrances to the crypt of the Capitol. £ 5 2 Now eomes a retired soldier of career elected to the next (Seventy-third) Congress—John Henry Hoeppel of Ar- cadia, Calif.—who is described by an old |comrade in arms, Col. Edmund S. Sayer, as a “square and straight shooter and a valiant ally of the common people who do not savor of class.” Representative-elect Hoeppel saw 30 years of service in the Army as an en- listed man and officer in France during the World War. Hoeppel began his military career when he enlisted in the Army for the | Epanish-American War. He was then but 18 years of age and at the close of the war re-enlisted in the “Regulars.” He retired about 10 years ago with a service record of 30 years to his credit. He was retired with the rank of master sergeant, the highest non-commissioned grade in the Army, but a bill passed last May promotes him to his war-time rank of first lieutenant. Mr. Hoeppel spent three months in the Capital last Winter, when he had his first introduction to Congress, and the operations of the legislative mill so interested him that he made a close study of the legislative system. He then decided that when he returned to his home in California he would himself seek election to Congress. The recent Democratic landslide helped him to achieve his ambition. He is tall, straight, a raw-boned American of soldierly bearing, who shows in the lines of his face the will and determination to fight and win when he fights for right and justice for the people. “He is no social climber,” Col. Sayer hastens to explain, and adds that neither is he “a sport, mollycoddle or sidestepper, and is never afraid to tell or listen to the truth.” During many years of service in iso- lated posts and stations in Far cation—in literature, political and social questions and life in general. On duty with the Signal Corps, he spent long tours of duty at isolated places, where he had no comrades or_diversions but his “precious books.” He became so interested in literature, books and the printed page that he resolved years ago that when he would get out of the service he would “run a paper.” He made good this early boast to his fellow soldiers and for the past five years has | contributed an editorial column of patriotic writings and brotherly counsel in the Retired Men’s News, a monthly publication devoted to the patriotic serv- ice to “Our Country and to the Veterans of the Army, Navy and Marine Corps.” Col Sayer, who has been so enthusi- astic in sounding the praises of Lieut. Hoeppel, has himself been performing an important service of retired service men at the Capitol and has a dis- tinguished military record. He served as an officer in the Regular Army for more than 18 years and resigned at the close of the World War, after con- spicuous service in France with the 1st Division. He later re-entered the military service and was retired from rthe Marine Corps with the highest en- listed rank. Under recent legislation his war-time rank of lieutenant colonel was restored to him. Col. Sayer has been working for a bill to give to every man on the active and retired list the Distinguished Serv- ice Cross instead of the Distinguished Service Medal, protesting that former holders of the Certificate of Merit had this decoration taken away from them under an act of June, 1918, as well as a gratuity of $2 per month, and were issued instead the D. S. M., a decora- tion which, he said, was initiated pri- marily to give recognition assumedly to Liberty bond sellers, o] singers and whatnot. “The monstrosity of o?lflnl our men tin medals instead the medal of valor,” Col. Sayer says, “was a rank injustice which the War De- partment now recognizes.” e An Astronomical Reduction. From the Yakima Datly Republic. Scientists acknowledge an error in computation and now say that distances to the fixed stars must be cut 10 per cent. That's only fair in view of the :uu that have been made everywhere —— - Jimmy’s Ruffles. From the Boston Evening Transcript. John P. O'Brien, the incoming mayor | of New ¥ says that he pi to | be “unruffied.” Probably former Mayor Walker took all the ruffies with him, | anyway. the present juncture, particularly in view of the fact that, on the surface at least, politics enter so largely into it. From authoritative sources, however, it is learned that American copper pro- ducers are very much interested not only in future production quotas, but in price stability and in the preserva- tion of world trade in the metal as well. These authorities point out that at present the United States, roughly speaking, produces somewhat more than 50 per cent of the world supply from its domestic sources and that American interests in various countries of the world, notably Chile, control the pro- duction of a considerable percentage of the remainder. Thus Americans have a vital concern in the main question which must come up before any world gathering of this kind. - * Kk ok % ‘The question is from what producing area can the world need of copper be met at the lowest cost? Existing agreements—in fact the entire existing situation—have had the effect of prac- tically eliminating the world’s cheap- est copper from the international h':& ‘Tariffs and excises are bound to have %‘hn rur'.he“ hr influence ;n tm. ere is, however, such an Sigea i procueing coppes-all over the c] over the world that, authorities believe, it does not seem likely that the it state of tion can for,any length of time. The conference which will begin its deliberations Monday will have to con- ’, under the new tariff restrictions on im- ports, over in boundaries will find (Copyright. 1932.) governments, it is thcught likely that a scheme could be perfected whereby appropriations would be made by both. Under the Federal ald law the Pederal Government provides a portion of the money for the building of new roads and the improvement of old ones, so no innovation repugnant to lawmakers would be involved in the extension of the idea to road beautification, espe- cially when accompanied by unemploy- ment relief. Standards Need Raising. The subject of highway and roadside beautification has been before the American people for some years. Re- sponsible organizations have cerried on campaigns in the interests of improving conditions and generally raising the esthetic standards. They have met with stern resistance on the part of the out- dcor advertisers and alo the owners of property deriving revenue from the rental of their properties for advertis- ing purposes. It is true that members of the Outdoor Advertising Association of America, which repre- sents the organized billboard business, have pledged themselves not to build upon locations where advertising struc- tures would obscure natural beauties, nor upon purely residential streets, nor yet “upon any location where the re- sentment of reasonably minded people would be justified.” This co-operative attitude has been appreciated by the champions of road- side beauty, but many hold that there often is a wide difference of opinion as to what constitutes interference with a view and what constitutes reasonably minded resentment. vertiser in the e it “Be s per t trl:‘i:cuun. ‘while &eer would prefer to have all signs pletely banished. groups are far from being in accord. ‘This probably is an inevitable clash of opinion, the ad- interests of his own of his clients believ- | forming a valuable artistically minded com- Certaintly the two painted all over. | however, is disbursed for advertising rights. Especially in hard times, own- | ers of raural property are slow to give | up this form of farm relief. Yet an investigation made by the American Civic Association has re- vealed that when approaching the Na~ tional Capital on the Baltimore Pike one passes 39 billboards to the mile | over a' 28-mile route, which means, at | an average rate of driving, a sign every two seconds. This does not give the natural scenery much of a show. Other approaches to the National Capital show a range of from 11 to 28 signs a mile, with_the figure running up to 31 for the Richmond road. It is a comparatively simple matter to legislate signs off the actual rights of way, but the most hideous monstrosities may be erected a yard beyond and do the same damage. The rights of private property intervene here, although it has been held by the courts that police the | power extends to limiting the nearness of an obstructive sign to curves other places along roads where traffic safety would be affected. Court decisions going back to Queen Elizabeth uphold the right of private property to obstruct public view, but some recent American decisions have shown a tendency to recognize the esthetic right of the public—a sort of visual eminent domain over natural beauties. Education probably will go farther than litigation in roadside beautifica~ tion, If it could be hastemed there would be a vast amount of work for unemployed persons in disposing of or moving to more suitable places the thousands of signs and billboards which now subtract so largely from the de- lights of. mnmwunng Autcmobile manufacturers should be natural lead= ers in suck a campaign of education. Assuredly, the motoring American ar- dently desires that the iradesmen use the rear entrance. Britain Shocked by U. S. Debts Attitude BY A. G. GARDINER. LONDON, November 26.—Publication of President Hoover’s announcement of America’s refusal to extend the inter- national debt moratorium has created something like a !eelniggol despair in England in regard to future. Up to a month ago a confident im- pression prevalied that a way would be found to save Europe from the alterna- tive of paying or defaulting on war debts to the United States, and though the attitude of Congress was relent- less it was believed that the larger con- siderations involved would operate. That hope received some support even on Wednesday, when Neville Chamberlain, of the Exchequer, my readers if I did not represent clearly the severity of the shock to public feeling here, caused not merely by Washington’s refusal to extend the moratorium, but by the equivocal pros- pect of America’s consideration even of revision of the war debts. * Kk X “This is the most ominous thing that has happened since the war,” said one of the most ble men in the country to me, his comment re- flects the universal feeling. “There is a deep undercurrent of emotion on this question,” says the London News-Chronicle, “which, if not handled wisely, may prove more im- portant that its economic aspects and may be the source of a lasting schism between Europe and the United States.” In regard to the December 15 pay- ment there is no question here that this obligation will met, though no provision has been made to meet it in the budget. After the Lausanne Con- ference, which stopped reparations pay- ments, some support was given the view that this country should default if the December payment were de- manded by the United States, especi- ally as the Balfour note provided that England would pay in the measure that she was Tecouped by her own debtors. This idea has disl?pel.rcd before the urgent necessity of maintaining the credit of the country, and the French proposal of a collective default by Europe has received no support here. * ok ok % Whether France defaults or not—and the expectation is that she will—that course will not be taken by England while payment is possible. authority contemplates the practicability of future payments on the present basis, and if Great Britain is compelled to default, she, as the London Times says, would set an example which would be eagerly followed by every debtor country throughout the world, and pos- sibly also by private debtors, with in- calculable results to international finance and trade. The disquiet is intensified by this week’s downward movement of sterling, which cannot fail to be increased by the present action on the debts. Ex- vanlrumhthntmeflumdlm lose more than the debt payments by the consequent depreciation of sterling securities, while an inevitable result of that depreciation must be the restric- tion of British purchases from the United States. The only means of avoid- ing a grave dislocation of the exchanges is in a reduction of purchases by an equivalent of the sum remitted in December. * K k% “If we in this country,” says the Manchester Guardian, “now become the only ultimate payers, we, like Germany, shall probably have to borrow the wherewithal from the United States until we have adjusted ourselves to the covery in world trade.” It is agreed that the Hoo- ver decision knocks the bottom out of the Lausanne settlement, which was conditional on the ability of Germany’s creditors to reach a satisfactory agree- to their debts to the United States. The fact that America does not admit the dependence of debts on reparations does not affect their in- timate relation. Not only is the Lausanne agreement nearest But no' Fifty Years Ago In The Star ‘Washington's public schools were not entirely satisfactory in many respects Cold Sohool “soady thos” s d Buildings. ficiencies in ~ number and sizé and ment. This was particularly true the matter of heating factlities, the ine adequacy of which ‘ caused much trouble. In The Star of November 28, The Gales and Webster buildings are practically closed in cold weather on | account of the failure of the contracter to complete the heating apparatus. In other buildings it appears the c! suffer with the cold. Trouble is e enced in the old part of the Jeferson School Building, containing 16 school rooms, whenever the mercury begins to fall. In the morning the teachers and pupils in these schools have to wear their out-door wraps. The about the heating of the is | said to grow out of the pending con= | troversy between officials as to the direct and indirect systems of heating. “This morning all of the schools ex- cept one in the Webster Building were dismissed soon after they assembled, some of them to reassemble at 1 o'clock, some were closed for the day. The schools in this building have been dismissed in the same manner during the whole of the t week. When a Star reporter called there about noon some of the teachers were gathered about a stove temporarily erected in the corridor. The acting principal said that the school rooms on the first floor were the coldest, as the basement beneath them was open. It was the practice, she said, nat to keep the schools in session when the thermometer registered a tem~ perature below 60. The reporter was taken into one of the lower rooms, which the young lady who presided there as teacher described as an ‘ice house’ The thermometer in this room when school assembled in the morning registered 48. The teachers do not think that the health of the pupils has yet been affected in any way, as none of the scholars has been allowed to remain in cold rooms. When the schools are dismissed until 1 o'clock many of the children remain home dur~ ing the whole day. When the schools are for a part of the day the teachers give out work to be done by the puplls during the intermission so as to enable them to keeg pace with pupils in more fortunate schools.” * * % the United the scene National Art Industrial tion. of a Fitty years ago Capitol was made Garfield Fair at the Capitol, 1o 1or the be the United States. Preparations for event had been in progress for weeks. Almost the entire building twned over to the of