Evening Star Newspaper, October 4, 1932, Page 8

{THE EVENING STAR Wih Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. TUMSDAY . ......October 4, 1032 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper, Company 11tn_8t. ‘and” Fenpsyisania, Ave 3 an Bulldins. e 14 Regent Bi.. London, Encland. Rate by Carrier Within Jrenive star, i = vening and Sunday Star 4 Sundays) The ing and Su (when 5 Sundays). 65¢ per month The Sunday Star..... . 5¢ per copy Collection made at the end of e: @iders may be sent 1n by ‘mail or telephon: [Ational 5000. the City. 45c per mon! €0c per month Mail—Payable in Advance. ryland and Virginia. Rate Bl = Al Other States and Canada. ds .1yr,$1200; 1mo., Eflg‘# s a9 Bune yr., ;1 mo.. LY 1yr, $5.00; 1 mo.. Member of the Associated Presc. "The Associated Press Is exclusivel; entitled e Aise 101 republication of ail news di- ‘Shodiied (o it or ot otherwise ered. 50 the 'e"‘%.?g'!g:l’:erAnnfll;( of publication of dispa: 1yr. $600: 1 mo. 1yr. $4.00; 1mo.. 40c ki enes herein also reserved. r Molding Company Regulation. 3t 1s, of course, small comfort to the folders of some two billion dollars’ worth of practically worthless Insull securities to believe that they may have eontributed, through their losses, to & delayed national reform in regulating the holding company, one of the most efficlent devices ever perfected for mulcting the innocent public. For these security holders would prefer that the reform took place without such heavy personel cost to *Their horse has gone, and it is ironical pow to witness efforts at stable-locking. But apparently such reforms as pro- fecting the public against manipulation a¢ the hands of holding companies an¢, or less, upon the sort of catastrophe #he men who set them up depend, mor&? | that the Insull crash represents. his sddress last night in The Star's National Radio Forum Dr. George Otis Smith, chairman of the Federal Power Commission, recalls thek: A year ago 2 high official of a promi- ment holding company group asked me why all this public concern about hold- companies ard their control over subsidiary companies; what was the public interest involved? The answer ‘was that the public didn't like to see the utility cow milked to death—that to justify itself with the public the! holding company must not endanger the health of the operating company. 1 regret to add that the figure of speech T then used proved to be an unhappy one—several cows in that particular herd are now at the point of death. And & large number of small investors have Jost thereby their savings. ‘With all due respect to safeguarding | ‘the milk of the herd of utility operating | companies, it is this latter phase of thie business that will hasten the inevitable regulation of holding companies. The utility operating companies may have been milked, but what they have lost is as nothing compared to the syste- matic and extensive milking of the in- vesting public by means of the holding company., In the majority of cases there {8 no rhyme or reason for a hold- ing company, outside of its use as an instrumentality for milking the public. Few “high officials” of any “prominent holding eompany” would presume to ask the question today that was asked of DA Smith a year ago. But regulating these concerns is an- othey matter. It will prove, despite the Sustration of necessity provided by the Tnsull crash, & long-drawn-out and tedlous process. The Federal Trade Com- mission at present is engaged in & lengthy investigation of the holding company, in connection with its inquiry into the whole field of power utilities. Mhe House Interstate Commerce Com- mittee ordered, at the last session of Congress, an investigation of the hold- ing company and engaged counsel to do the work. The report of this in- westigation will presumably be ready at the short session of Congress, and on the basis of the report legislation will themselves. | In; eral” Despite the acerbities of Anglo- Irish relations, the powers that be punctiliously observe the official niceties. Thus Governor General McNeill walks the plank amid all the proprieties for such oceastons duly providud. Under the tenuous pact of union which retsins the Irish Pree State within the framework of the United Kingdom the' Dublin cabinet has the sole right to nominate the governor general. The King has no power either to control or veto the nomination. Some time before Iast Spring's elec- the Republican leader foreshadowed { that one of his first acts would be to abolish the governor generalship and president of the Council, the chief ex- ecutiveship of the Irish Free State, THE EVENING to accomplish s change 'in popular peychology. Certalnly, it cannot suc- ceed unless the population is willing to co-operate. All the trafic policemen in the world canmot protect either the motorists or the pedestrians of even & single city unless the beneficiaries of their guidance are willing to be pro- tected. One prineciple governs the whole problem. The list of victims will de- crease in number only as the public becomes aware of the danger of care- lessness. # The psychologic basis upon which th | tion, which put Mr. de Valera in oflu,‘pr:ness should be predicated is the natural instinet toward self-precerva- tion. What the congress desires and is laboring for is the socialization, the | ach month; | amalgamate that post with that of | expansion, the general application of | that instinet. People already haeitote to gamble with thef» own lives. The STAR, WASH D. C, TUESDAY; THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. One good point to Autumn is that it adds zest to walking, which through sy the ages has been the best strictly constitutional exercise, and is today more desirable than ever on acéount of the almost universal motorization of mankind. If a person is in what is known as reasonal duood health, which phrase perhaps not mean very much, after all, he is in condition walk, and to enjoy it. Now, as every one knows, & walk may be a slow, stodgy affair, and, as such, usually is not enjoyed. To get real pleasure out of walking, it must be taken with some approach which Mr. de Valera now holds. Later |next step as that of being willing to!t0 the “pep” which the collegians talk 1yr.$1060: 1 mo.. 85c | he said he thought he would maintain aostain frcm gambling with the lives of the office, which is primarily decorative, because some symbc. denoting the headship of tho country had its uses for ceremonial encasions. Now the temperamentar apostle of Irish inde- pendence rubs salt in the wounds of the British yokemaster by suggesting that he himself may take over the governor general's job. Mr. de Valera offers John Bull's other island this pin-prick while the quarrel with the London government over the oath of allegiance and land | annuities still rages. The British can say & good deal about the Free State’s Manhattan-born President, but they at least cannot charge him with lack of intestinal fortitude. e Heartbreak House. Just short of the midhour of the night, late wanderers in Executive ave- nue saw the White House empty and quiet under the dark old trees and the high, disinterested stars of the Autumn sky. A brooding silence hung over the place, a vicarious silence softly broken now and again by the rattle of a street car at a distant crossing or the rhythmic whirr of an unseen motor in the Ellipse. The prisoner was away. Aboard a speeding express train, he was hurry- ing back to the State where his life began to exhibit the fruits of that life to the people whose servant he is. But {his shadow was at home, a deathless tenant of the walls where the shades of his predecessors also linger. Washington’s home it never was, but he saw it built. Jefferson and Jackson, Lincoln and Grant, Rocsevelt and Wil- son, all labored and suffered there, and knew it as a Heartbreak House. Bitter the lessons learned beneath its roof, and bitter the pain of the learning. No man ever has dwelt there unburdened by crushing care, unbowed by sorrow. Each has paid with the red mintage of his heart for the dubious right of tempo- rary residence there. Lincoln, Garfield and McKinley were murdered; Harri- son, Taylor and Harding died in office; Polk, Arthur and Wilson lived only a |few months after retirement; Johnson was impeached, and Grant and Roose- velt were threatened with impeachment. iSuch is the price demanded by fate, exacted by the people, in return for the honor of tenancy. A prison cell, a tor- ture chamber. the privilege of abiding there is sought only by men who deeply love their country or are driven by ambition. There have been men of both types who have tramped its time-stained ifloors, but to every one of them the same treatment has been ac- corded. Each heart has been hurt by popular malice, each brain wearied by jcrass ingratitude. Not any President ever has pleased all classes or gone un- assailed, unslandered, unvilified by the mischief of cruel tongues. To enter the ‘White House has been to enter the dock, voluntarily to go on daily public trial, with conviction and punishment assured and possible reward to be expected only from remote posterity. This time next year one or the other of two men will be the nominal master, the actual prisoner, of the mansion. Perhaps it will be the Iowa farm boy who came to it in 1929, and through a devastating crisis has learned its rou- tine and its limitations. Perhaps it will 'be drawn. But once the legislation has | be the present Governor of New York, been introduced, it will require more| Who is not dismayed by its exactions. time than can be provided in the short | Next month the people will decide which session for proper consideration. It will | of the two candidates is to be immolated be opposed by resourceful interests from | on the national altar. The philosopher, its introduction until the hearings are | acquainted with history, will congratu- over. The Interstate Commerce Com- mission has recommended legislation for the Federal regulation of railroad hold- ing companies, and such legislation will peccupy an extensive field in itself. The Federal regulations that would result from an act of Congress would be designed to cover, of course, only interstate business in the power and waiiroad industries. ‘This business, as Dr. Smith pointed out last night, covers, in the case of transmission of elec- tricity, less than fifteen per cent of the total, But the business is rapidly grow- ing. When it is realized that the Fed- eral Government'has no effective super- wision over or regulation of holding companies, and that only half the States have any statutory regulation over the issue of power company securi- tdes, it 15 not difficult to understand, on the one hand, the rapid rise to wealth and power by the Insull interests. Nor is it difficult to understand, on the other hand, why, having risen so high, they crashed so completely, once ele- mental laws of economics could no Jonger be ignored. ——.—s I A great convention record makes the‘ did City of Chicago proud to wel- { efther candidate as one of the who made good in the big town. l — e I Opening paragraph of the Outlook a conservative inclination by re- ferring to the prominence of “radio” in eampsaigning and spelling it with one d. ————— * The Order of the Boot. Titles are not in vogue in the Irish Free State, but President de Valera hes just bestowed an order—the order of the boot—upon a distinguished denizen of Dublin, He is no other than the governor general, who inhabits the wiceregal castle in the august capacity ¥ personal representative of the King of England, That personage, Mr. James McNeill, bas not only been “fired,” but Mr. de Valera has called upon George V to im- plement that action. His majesty has Jost no time in doing so. A formal an- nouncement from Buckingham Palace y set forth that “in accordance with advice tendered to the King by the late the loser, — ——————— Too much consideration of health cannot be allowed in politics, even if Calvin Coolidge did avoid Washington, D. C., last Summer because of & report that hay fever was likely to break out. ————————— It is with great personal pride that Mussolini speaks of his record. An evi- dence of his success is the fact that his power remajns so great that nobody ventures an audible contradiction. e Safety Congress. The test of any civilization is that of its.valuation of human life. Where standards are low life will be cheap. Such, in any case, is the general rule, and it seems an anomaly that in the United States, where life is protected and guarded in such a multitude of ways, there should be 97,000 accidental deaths in a single year. ‘The vast popularity of the automo- bile in this country seems the obvious explanation of most of the huge toll. Here the most numerous motoring pub- lic in the world operates over streets and roads inadequate to their need, and crashes are inevitable. But the maurauding motar is but part of the depressing story. Approximately 29,000 people died last year as the result of household accidents. Bome 20,000 per- | 1shed in public places from causes clas- | sified as “other than traffic.” About 17,000 were killed ‘in industrial estab- lishments. Nearly nine and a half mil- lion were permanently or temporarily disabled. Carelessness of one kind or ancther was responsible in each indi- | vidual instance. ‘The educational campaign of the Na- tional Safety Congress, convening in the Capital yesterday, has for its tar- get the elimination of the universal tendency to take chances, to gamble with life, health and property. Its sig- nificance, therefore, transcends its im- mediate purpose. A people taught to be normally cautious would be a people instructed in wisdom, discrimination, taste and moderation. The fate of the Nation, then, as well as the welfare of its people, is direetly involved in such a constructive effort as the congress is president of the Executive Council of the Irish Pree State, his majesty has epproved of Mr. James McNeill re- Jinguishing the office of governor gen- making. For that reason, if for no other, tht movement should have pub- lic support. ‘The congress, in effect, is endeavoring others. ‘The congress already has done excel- lent work. It will do even better if the public will help. e Seasoned campaigners will regard the candid sdmission of Norman Thomas that he does not expect to sweep every- thing before him, not as an expression of personal modesty, but as an evidence that he is an amateur at the game which includes bcasting as an essen- tial. ———.——— Objection is made to publicity for Reconstruction PFinance loans. Even the smallest individual who finds him- self obliged to borrow may be pardoned for disliking to make his circumstances a matter of general information. ——————————— Fears are openly expressed that some of the water which got into the stock market has been exposed to enough of a chill to cause it to figure temporarily as & frozen asset. ———————__ As songs are selected to suit occa- sions, it might be proper for the choir to greet that frequent voyager, James J. Walker, with “A Life on the Ocean Wave.” ————— Having hurled the ball into play on the occasion of one of the great games, Franklin D. Roosevelt has shown smil- ing aptitude for one of the regular duties of the presidency. ) The fact that this fair city has no vote does not prevent it from apprehen- sions that it will have the usual amount of big town local politics to attend to in connection with the police force. —————— A point of originality and charm in political radio speaking is the fact that no statesman feels called upon to begin with “Hello, everybody!” —————— China calls attention to vast natural resources that she will develop if she can beat Japan to them. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Guide. I started forth for Happytown, I journeyed many a year, And fell among the woods that frown With shadows dense and drear. And when I met a little chap With eyes of laughing blue He scorned my compass and my map And said, “I'll show it you!" I followed him for but an hour And found my journey's end. The sunbeam and the opening flower Each knew him for a friend. I hope he'll find some little one As guide, when up and down The world he seeks, as I have done, The way to Happytown, Investigations. “Half the world doesn’t know how the other half lives,” said the ready-made philosopher. “True,” replied Senator Sorghum. “And I, for one, don't believe we can ever hold enough investigations to find out.” A Gossipy Tactician. “Mrs. Chatterall is constantly assum- ing the role of peacemaker.” “Yes,” replied Miss Cayenne; “in that way she manages to hear all the news from both sides of a dispute.” Distinction. When you to till the soll begin Your terms prepare to choose; It's “agriculture” if you win And “farming” if you lose. A Grave Exterior. “Why do humorists usually look so sad?” “They have to look that way,” replied Mr. Merriman. “It wouldn't be modest or becoming for & man to be constantly smiling at his own happy thoughts.” Piotures. The blossoms smile with splendid grace Or storms their shadows cast, As Father Time, with steady pace, Goes on his journey vast. Star-shine and cloudland make the sky Both glorious and strange. Each moment brings before the eye A swift yet subtle change. We wonder at the lights that glow ‘With mystery so rife, As humbly tolling on we go Here in this little life. ‘We watch his course like patient friends And welcome as he roams The pictures that Time kindly sends ‘To cheer the stay-at-homes. “Dar’s a good deal in bein’ good na- tured an’ hahmless,” sald Uncle Eben. “Sometimes a yaller dog can win yoh af- fections jes' by bein’ so no ’count dat you's puffickly sure he ain’ gwineter get in de way an’ make trouble.” Taxpayers’ Relief. From the Butte Montans Standard. News from Wi is that the Government’s tax revenues for August showed a big increase. It is ort- ing, at least, to know that the money we sent arrived safely. ————a————— Mayors by Accident. Prom the Boston Ciobe. ‘The good service of New York's pres- ent executive suggests that the eity might make it a rule in the future to get mayors by sccident instead of election. ——r———————— Caddies in Manchukuo. Prom the New York Sun. American golfers in mnahufl:‘:l‘ln:: to armed as a precaution hlngl".s. and the n&-‘olfer somehow gets a picture of a second caddie all cluttered up with a wide variety of shooting irons, 5 s0_much about. This will not mean, however, that a walk must be rushed through as though one “were going to a fire.” from it. Every walker must set his own pace. In this sort of good walking, now at its very best, owing to the crisp air of the season, every pedestrian is his own law and order. He must throw out of his mind any memory of Army requirements, with | their demands of so many steps per| minute, each step so many inches long. Fifteen miles may be a good “marching y,” but the chances are that he will not walk 50 far unless he has to. Indeed, if he wants to enjoy himself the most, he will take it easy, on the theory that ease is more pleasurable than hardship. It is simply too bad that harshness and its attributes are not exactly pleasent. No doubt man- kind would be better off if they were. All of us might be Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, and enjoy sleeping on a very hard floor, if we were not spoiled by modern beds, with thelr super- to take & good | analysis. The subject is much to> luu |to go info here. All that may be s that the average person perhaps wears his shoes for too long a period without relief. The feet are veritable breathing or- gans, as, indeed, the entire skin cover- ing of the body is; but the feet, in a larger ratio than their size, enjoy the comforts of fresh air. Every one who has experienced hot, tired feet knows the vast relief which comes with getting them bare again. Every one knows the joy of children in being permitted Not only is there something of the race heritage there, but, even more, a sim- ple, physical relief. ‘Thousands of men and women do not know this sort of foot ease, except upon the beaches in Summer. Perhaps a million foot lls would dis- appear if “grown-ups” would take to going barefoot. Imj ble? Of course, but the use of slippers is the next best thing, and all too many persons frown upon them as not being “dressed up” enough. No doubt house slippers, in their va- rious forms, are not exactly dressy in appearance, but my, how comfortable they are! Here again the womenfolk fet ahead of men. They wear slight slippers at all times, especially nowadays, things which give the feet a chance to breathe. If they spoil the hygienic effect by com- mongwbuymc them too short, and wear- ing m with too high heels, the force of the argument remains the same. ‘Thousands of persans don their shoes at 6 or 7 o'clock in the morning and keep them on until midnight. It is too long. The feet need to breathe, to be freed of their coverings, as Nature in- If the world L ‘tended them to be free. springs and mattresses. | cannot go barefooted, at least it should And many of us might benefit from a | approach as near to that ideal as 10 or 15 mile walk, but the honest truth | possiblc. is that not many of us are going to take | No one should be swayed in the least it unless we have to. by the comments of one’s friends on ‘What the most lethargic person can | walking and how to walk. Mostly they do is to indulge in a short walk to suit | himself. A certain amount of pamper- ing is necessary here. There is no particular point, in the everyday life, to holding one's seif to voluntary stern talk only from their own standpoint, without caring to consider any one else. It is very easy to say, “Oh, you should walk to work,” as if walking to work were quite the easiest task in the day's requirements, especially when these re- quirements may not fit into the work- ing day. The working day, willy-nilly, is the criterion of most of us. How we go to | the essential task is everything, and if one is able to fit a walk into it, that | is one way of doing it. is it not?. Many government employes walk to work every day. | Some of them make a point of taking their exercise this vay. | repertoire. Perhaps few persons are able to walk to work and not become fatigued on the way. One ought to enter on one's proper tasks of the day as fresh as possible. That is why, for the majority of persons, a walk in the morning should be a compartively short one, such as most workers will find necessary to get to their public vehicle. It is not so much the length of the walk as the way it is taken, which There is one counts. On a cool Autumn morning elderly man, no doubt known to hun- | there is nothing more pleasing to the dreds of persons, who often walks as|senses than a short walk, one brisk much as eight miles every morning on | enough to stir the circulation, but, on his way to office. | the other hand, not to stir it too much. Many who pass him will feel inclined | The tang of early morning air is de- to disagree with his dosage, but it must | licious, and particularly so in the Fall. never be forgoten that this is purely an| If one is cool at the start, one warms individual matter. | up rapidly, under the influence of mo- He likes his eight miles, but because | tion and fresh air. Some conscious at- he does is no reason why the next per- | tention should be paid to breathing. It son should set up such a walk as & is not necessary that the pedestrian standard. transform himself or herself imto a One mile, or even & half mile, may be | Yogi, but simply that the breathing keep vulm x;h;zrrxlne Lnrl‘:ien, with the ‘step- | ping. m is Nature's law. A good subject, ‘and every pedestrian makes | system is four steps to an inspiration his own regulations, subject to his and four to an exhalation. There is mood, his digestion, his personal phys- | nothing sacred about the number, how- ical idiosyncrasies and his feet. | ever; the walker must make his own Perhaps the feet ought to come first. | rules, No human being can enfoy walking{ There is a changed aspect to the v Happily there are no laws on this even on a crisp Fall morning, if his feet hurt him. One might think, with all the shoes manufactured today, after these cen- turies of shoe wearing. that no one would have any difficulty in getting ,landscape, even the city scene, which makes an impression in early Autumn, even before the changes become radi- cal. The coolness of the air, especially in the morning, is simply the most no- ticeable change. There are new aspects just the right “last” to insure foot all ar Zomtott. ound, easily to be noticed when | the powers of appreciation are at their Such is not the case, however. Every | freshest, which xpspm the early morning. one knows of the great trouble thou- | A few more minutes, taken from that sands of men and women experience in | end of the day, is the treatment which finding shoes at once easy on the feet | many sick souls (not soles) need in this “i’n f‘yt& o dmerpnt‘ dnyl and :nge. Ifiln was made for the | early morning. time take brands, and styles, show that foot fit- | its p’iuc. exu':uy. g . ting is no easy matter. And any chi- ‘The morning is the . It is ropodist can tell a story of deformed, | the beginning all over again. It is the unhealthy feet. |time of day when the reservoirs of There are all sorts of shoes for all power are at their peak. These include sorts of feet. Because feet commonly | the power of appreciation. The artistic are covered up, most of their ills are |senses are more alert then. The short unknown except to their victims. ’wnlk. even if only for two or three The essentials of good shoe fittings | blocks, reveals more than many miles [ to common sense, in the last | trudged later in the day. Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands A RAZON, La Paz—The Presi- dent of the republic received in audience a committee of mer- chants and manufacturers who | placéd in the hands of the chief execulive some documents and statis- a future war threaten equally all states and countries with long frontiers and coasts. All points in France, Germany and Italy, for instance, are subject to attack. * ¥ e tics and gave also oral testimony to their views on the present customs and expedite in any way he could the affairs of native commerce and industry, at present in a most dolorous state. The consensus of the discussion seemed to be that the merchants and manufacturers must first themselves reach an accord on what fiscal pro- cedures will mutually be of the most benefit. Only two lfi&\fllfinm were definitely accepted: rst, that the importers and manufacturers will pro- rate among the various concerns what business yet remains; and second, that the government will not clear any for- eign consignments of non-necessary merchandise through customs while there yet remains in this country a superfluous stock of the same articles. This embargo will obviate the purchase of silks, liquors, automobiles, phono- graphs and gaming devices. ‘The adoption of these measures will undoubtedly benefit the local merchants by facilitating the movement of goods already on hand, without incurring fur- ther obligitions, and their customers will find more encouragement to spend their money for things that are actu- ally necessary and indispensable. B Airship’s Place in Future War Feared. Voelkerbund, Geneva—Hardly any- thing has so stirred up interest, fancy and hope, in the post-bellum period, of the expert, poet and peace enthusiast, respectively, as the airship, and the sort of war to be expected because of it. A case is made either for or against this weapon, according as the attitude of the cflm one based upon.facts or upon some sort of weird speculation. | bette: 1 leed, | back schedule. After a long interchange of ideas the President manifested his de- sire to consider carefully the observa- tions of the petitioners and to relieve It is erally admitted that the next war fvlmn be y- war of the air, and earnest efforts to secure a ratification of per- petual peace among the nations, even when and where they are the most suc- cessful, are able to quiet only in faint degree the apprehensions suggested by the mere thought of air raids. This is rather strange, since the actual loss of 1ife through aerial warfare in the great conflict :’1!14-1918 was negligible, non-combatants suffered scarcely at all. There were exceptions, of course, to this immunity, say in the case of London and Karlsruhe, both of which suff undeservedly from attacks even then scarcely believed permissible. But the back areas were little threat- ened in those days, and the reason not hard to find. The aircraft of that day was capable only of short flight and was virtually a secondary or sup- plementary weapon. But the rapid de- velopment of the flying machine has indicated clearly that the most dread- ful visions and speculations anent fu- ture warfare may indeed become reali- ties. These fears have been heightened by the association of aircraft other new means of attack—that is, chemical warfare. No frontiers, natural or artificial, afford any longer the least protection t this conjunction. The immunity of Great Britain's island kingdom gone, and it is not likel it will return. Dangers such as wi threaten Great Britain in the event of d | of the early Fall | Italy Finds Autos And Liquor Do Not Mix. Corriere Dells Sera, Milan.—The au- tomobile and alcohol becom= daily a less desirable combination. With a con- stant increase in motor traffic, and no compensating diminution in the quali- ties of intoxicants consumed by the driving public, safety on the hi;l‘-’mnys is becoming more and more of a ques- tion, rather than an assurance. With- out stern regulations, this is a problem which will become more and more diffi- cult of solving, for those guilty of the offense of driving while under the in- fluence of intoxicants are without ex- ception those in whom all sense of duty and propriety is most latent. Were they normally endowed with social in- stincts and ethical perceptions they would not be guilty of these offenses to begin with. It may be that, as time goes on, we must qualify prospective motorists according to standards of morality as well as of technical compe- tence, when they are sober. Even the | severest penalties, imposed after a man has caused some terrible accident, are of no avail in remedying the injury. Effective measures must be adopted to obviate the occasions of such calami- ties, and the chief factor in attaining such immunity is the definite divorce of drinking and driving. Any methods achieving this end have surely become the prime consideration of the moment, not only for the traffic inspection boards, but for the whole public, or at least that portion thereof which is in- terested in safe and useful highways. The Danger Season. From the Schenectady Gazette. For some reason or other, there is a time of day in the Fall when it seems more difficult to distinguish ob- jects along highways, adding to the usual . Of course, we know that rainy days in the Autumn, coupled with fallen leaves, create a very distinct menace. Under those conditions pavements are far more slippery than usual. Skid- ding is a simpler matter. But at the end of many & fair day, with evening coming on, during especially, there is & haze in the air that makes it difficult to see clearly. It is before the street and road lights are turned on—the in- ered | between At that time the motorist who thinks of others as well as himself drives with more care than usual. He realizes the danger, and reduces the speed of his car in proportion. But he is not the only one on whom ty rests at this perjod. - The many people who cross our streets, the smaller but not inconsid- erable number who walk along high- s, owe a duty to automobilists well as to themselves. Kno cannot be seen as easily as conditions, they should wal proaching and passing cars. Ovid’s Rare Qualification. Prom the Rochester. Democrat and Chronicle. % ys realized, but I slways hope” said Ovid. t an ideal candidate he would have ~ e | men, though, OCTOBER NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM L C. M. THE GREAT AMERICAN LAND BUB- BLE. By A. M. Sakolski. New York: Harper & Bros. ‘What s our country coming to? Nodl!.o-b‘wlfllfllnmfln‘ln' of this alarm. ween the timorous looking forward and the elders looking backward, time runs away in fears and lamentations over the decline of Amer- Over its lost worthiness, over its to go “barefoot.” ji lossoming like t man of science was part and promoter of s civilization surpassing our own. However, to us this is a new breed, dist/ from the rest of mankind lg:fll and method. The truth at all zard, with fact-finding tools the only requirement. Every do- main of knowledge is being pre-empted by this passionate truth-seeker. Now and then, as a sort of side issue, the scientist does most useful and in- teresting things. Realizing that only organized knowledge serves a really use- fal turn, this man, seemingly in off mo- ments, goes along gathering up related bits of fact, assorting them. Creating an organized whole from certain odds and ends. And from such exercise issues many an important fact, many a vital lesson. “The Great American Land Bubble” is case in point. Its author is of the tribe of truth-trailers. Professor of finance an American university, deeply absorbed in certain aspects of this country's development. His atter- tion grew toward the increasinz in- genuity of “land promoters” by way of booms, grabs and gambles, all bent upon exchange of real estate under spe- cious promises of fortunes to be made within “a half year at most.” No doubt he had been accosted on the sircet, as simply by we have, with the invitation to join & | Ag party for a ride into the country, free lunch and a pleasant day at a sbot where, in no time at all, a thriving town would be found. Whether exactly this or not, naturally his kind of min reverted to the recent boom in Florida, “the American Riviera,” where for- tunes soared and sunk with incredible speed. Then he thought of the Cali- fornia gold rush. By that time he was off upon the fortunes, and mis- fortunes, of America under the greed of its great land hunger. It's an old story. Columbus began it. Though for other reasons than those driving the American himself to his later excesses in the big game. “Do- mains for his King" said Columbus. “But, be sure to bring back the loot of gold and silver said to be buried over the sea” replied the monarch. “And, to make the adventure a worthy one for the future, take along holy men to implant in the New World the only one and true religion." And 5o missionaries and adventurers and wastrels of every sort came to America in the first stages of its career. Then came the Colonial period, the war of Independence, the organization of a new Government, the rise of a new democracy under the guidance of Washington, Jefferson and other early advocates of government by the peopl and for the people. A growing institu- tion, it was plain to see. ‘The narrov coast line but a landing place for mil- lions yet to come. Spaniards, spawn of the Columbus breed and era, stretch- ing up through the Southwest and along the Western coast. And in be tween these two boundaries a vast wil- derness to be opened to the homeless of the wide world itself. It is upon this groundwork of un- claimed land that Mr. Sakolski draws the pattern of greedy human nature worked out by way of the booms and grabs and gambles that have in such large part opened up our vast public domain. A story with thrill to it, with adven- ture rushing it along. A story that re- interprets those old patriots to whom. without question, we are deep in debt for our national heritage and its in- dividual obligations upon us. Canny those old advocates of the rights of man, stretching a point at a bargain with the best of us .Mly. cutting in across another man's 2d- vantage like a Wall Street dictator or a king of the world exchange. You recall how we used to say, admiringly and reverently, that Washington w:s an “expansionist!” And so he was But Washington was a business man of a kidney to make the Morgans, the Rockefellers and their tribe look like shon-mhxn?‘ed. mglomc children, playing mes with marbles. nnnd the story of the Capitel, of “Washington, America’s first boom town.” Lobbying for the site of the Capital rose to a height never ap- proached since that time, no matter what the import of the issue may have been. Once decided upon, there begzn an orgy of town-lot selling quite inde- scribable, even in modern terms of de- scriptive’ usage. The question of national capital and its location ha ridden up and down the coast at top speed, each commonwealth straining every art to secure it. But t Wash- ington was on the ground, Efldi for a swamp lot on the Potomac, and the swamp won out. Right after the Revolution the “wild- land mania” set in. The State of New York was at that time parceled out at wohlesale and then at retail. The “Yazoo” land frauds of Georgia were put through. The Texas fever set in. “Main streets” led through the woods of many & “boom” town and “Broadways” pointed upon vacant patches of sand. And so the story runs, with the open- ing up of the Northwest and its at- tendant claims to “patriotic vision” and unselfish building for the future of this “great free land.” And so it runs upon many another harum-scarum project that today would be dismissed as pure dementia. No more exciting t:ll’: of Amter‘iu can be imlfine& than this one of its opening up e op- pressed of the Not ironic in any turn of it. Endless official documents have con- been A the question mark along with it. Snowed under, in effect, with material, this au- thor has worked the whole into an orderly arrangement’ of America’s vari- ous methods of “expansion,” with their pon & human na- ture divided between the well-being of the country and the advantage of the individual. A serious and competent study of Nowhere set out that s man since his movement here sa of every matter brought deities has lost ‘What ne made! ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Take sdvantage of this free service. If you are one of tne thousands who have patronized the buresu, write us| second sgain. If you have never used the esrvice, begin now. It is maintained Be sure to send your name and address with your and inclose 3 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Address The Eve- ning Star Information Buresu, Prederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Q. How many bulls are killed yearly in Spanish bull fights?—D. D. A. About 1,500 bulls are killed an- nually in Spain. At least six bulls are killed at eacla corrida (bull fight). Q. How mday airplanes can be 'ur- ried in the airplane compartment of the Akron?—J. P. A. It will hold five. Q. How much sugar_is consumed in American homes?—A. R. A. Ot the 5,500,000 long tons of sugar that is used, about 3,665,000 tons is de- voted to household uses. Hotels and restaurants use 125,000 tons; bakeries, 600,000 tons; beverages, 300,000, ice cream, 150,000; condensed milk, 80,000; candy, 450,000; canned goods, 60,000, and miscellaneous uses account for 70,000 tons. Q. Do the Chinese smoke many cigarettes?—M. H. A. The estimated consumption of cigaretles in China during 1931 was 75,700,000,000. The increase in the past 30 years is phenomenal, rising from 300,000,000 in 1900 to the present Q. What should a person study in| college who Is interested in journal- | ism?—D. R. | A. A curriculum in journalism usual- iface VIIJ, to symbol fold nature of the paj The third crown was by ard since Benedict XII, sign! temporal power and the power o!“blnym:lu and loosing. Q. How many homes which are wired for electricity have vacuum cleaners?—C. R. D. A. Market Data says that the number of wired homes owning vacuum cleaners is 9,086,053, or 44.4 per cent of the total wired homes. Q. How is catgut mage?—J. A. A. Catgut is Tade. ?rolh the irm- tines of different quadrupeds, particu- larly those of sheep, but never {r<im those of the cat. The manufacture-is chiefly carried on in Italy and France. The texture from which it is madec is that which anatomists call the m: cular coat, which is carefully separated from the peritoneal and mucous mem- branes. After a tedious procoss of steeping, scouring, fermenting, inflating, etc., the mater] is twisted, rubbed with horsehair cords, fumigated with burning sulphur to improve its color, and dried. Q. Why was the Roman Forum so called?>—I. 8. A. Forum means “for & market place.” In Roman times it was here the people assembled for amusewaent or the transaction of business. The Forum Romanorum was “in a holiow between the Palatine, Capitoline and Quirinal hills.” Q. What is a pectarine?—H. J. A. Nectarines are a smooth-skinned variety of peach. They may arise from peaches, or peaches from nectarines, by bud variation. Besides lacking the fuzz | found on peaches, the fruits of nec- ly consists of two groups of courses. | tarines are usually smaller, have & finer Subjects for background are English, | flesh, more aroma, and a richer flavor. history, economics, government, science. | There are cling-stone and {ree-stone language, philosophy, Euychnlozy and | nectarines; like peaches, they may have technical subjects, such as reporting. | red, yellow or white flesh; the stones news writing, copy reading, editorial|and kernels of the two fruits are in- writing, newspaper management, fes- | distinguishable, nor do nectarine trees ture writing, law of the press and history of American journalism. Q. Does a tourist visiting the White gouuo !m the state apartments?— | A. It is necessary to obtain a card of permission in order to see the state apartments. ‘The sightseeing parties which visit the mansion see the lower corridor and the east room; persons who have cards are shown the ztate dining room, blue, green and red rooms, the east room and the long ccrfl':or that parallels the state apart- ments. Q. Is palmistry a modern deveiop- ment?>—C. B. C. A. It is an ancient art and was| widely praticed during the Middle es. Q. How was the French Unknown Soldier chosen?’—K. S. | A. The French Unknown Soldier was chosen from seven unidentified bodies, which were removed from as many sectors of the war front and placed in new caskets similar in every respect. These seven similar caskets were brought to the cellars in Verdun Citadel. There a Fre -blind soldier was | directed to choose one of the exposed | caskets. The six remaining bodies | were subsequently inhumed without any | marks. The Prench Unknown Soldier is buried beneath the Arc de Triomphe, differ from peach trees in any charac- ter. ‘The nectarine, which has been known for 2,000 years, is the classical example of bud and seed variation. Q. In what cases has the election of President or Vice President been thrown into Congress because of a lack of majority in the electoral college?— L. B. S. A. The House elected Thomas Jef- ferson in the tie with Aaron Burr and elected John Quincy Adams when not one of Adams, Clay, Jackson or Craw- ford had a majority. While in 1836 Van Buren had a majority for the presidency, the vice presidential vole was divided so that the election was thrown into the Senate, which chose R. W. Johnson of Kentucky. The Hayes-Tilden controversy was sent to the House of Representatives, no deci- sion was reached and a commission was appointed which decided in favor of Hayes. Q. Who first used the term “the Fourth Estate”?>—C. H. B. A. The Fourth Estate is & term ap- plied to members of the newspaper profession. The term was first used by Edmund Burke. Q. How many oranges does it take to make one quart of orange juice?— J. D. D. A. A dealer in orange beverages says that oranges are graded frcm -on which burns the Eternal Flame. | Nos. 96 through 344. This particular — | orange juice company uses cranges size E Q’f‘ Please describe the papal crown.— | 176 and finds that from this siz> cach i % | crange gives 2 ounces of juice, and 16 A. The Pope’s tiara, or the papal| oranges are needed to make one quart. crown, is a costly covering for the| This may vary, due to the widely va head, ornamented with precious stones | and pearls and shaped like a beehive. | It has a small cross at its highest point | and is also equipped with three royal diadems. On account of the three di -‘ dems it is sometimes called triregnum. ing juice content of different cranges. Q. What language has the largest vocabulary?—L. F. A. The English language has greatest number of words the iGandhi’s Astounding Power Thrills Observers of World An old man consents to eat breakfast | under a mango tree in far-off India and & sigh of relief goes round the world. Mahatma Gandhi by his recent fast bends both the British Empire and the haugty Hindus in great measure to his will, in the political arrangements for representation of the “untouch- ables.” “The Mahatma's apparent success is an impressive demonstration of the survival of the force of personal influ- ence in_the world’s affairs,” says the Boston Evening Transcript. That “one need not approve Gandhi’s political strategy or concede that wisdom marks all his contentions in order that one may recognize moral sublimity in his | devotion to his people’s political and economic advancement” is the tribute of the Chicago Daily News. Paying high tribute to the personality of Gandhi, the Kansas City Times declares: “He cmerges as the most powerful of living leaders. His ordeal will enhance his prestige abroad as certainly as it will consolidate his authority in India. Neither Stalin nor Mussolini could have performed such a feat by sheer force of personality,” this paper continues, noting that “his threat to starve him- self compelled Hindu leaders to reach a compromise on a subject which in- volves prejudices of centuries.” As the Memphis Commercial Appeal | puts it: “It is strange that the self- abstinence from food of & wizened old man should divert the attention of a great empire from other momentous matters. It is strangest of all that representatives of the highest caste Hindus should cast aside religious tra- ditions and convictions of 5,000 years in touching elbows with ‘untouchables’ to the end of inducing one man to take food.” And the Providence Eve- ning Bulletin declares: “There is no denying, after this exhibition, the tre- mendous power that the shrunken Mahatma wields.” The Baltimore Sun estimates the victory thus: “It may well be said to mark the highest point yet attained in his dramatic career as the most powerful leader millions of Hindus have_ever had.” The Dubuque Cath- olic Daily Tribune remarks: “How this Indian leader shames the world's states- men in this universal dark hour of economic misery! He suffers personally to gain the most vital decision for the welfare of his country, while the so- called Christian leaders of the world ers think only of settling their dif- ferences by force, by arming and by butchery of their nationals, keeping their own precious selves far away danger.” The caste system in India is affected by the new ment, as many papers point out. “If Gandhi has won a great victory, it is a victory over his fellow Hindus” attests the Cincinnatl Times-Star, which pictures “the emaci- ated little brown man” as pitting him- self “against the accumulated fous prejudice of centuries. The lent cannot but wish him well in his task, 1s another world. and that is all there o it.” -The Scranton Times is sure that “Gandhi realizes that the caste system in India, which has existed for many hundreds of years, cannot be wiped out at a single stroke and was willing to accept a reasonable compro- mise, such as the reservation of a due proportion of legislative seats for the ‘untouchables.” If Hindu leaders would agree to that,” The Newark Evening News concludes: “Maybe in a decade the caste system can be abolished. It would be a bigger social change than the abolition of slavery in Great Britain or the United States. It affects mil- lions of people. some of them highly educated, but by misfortune of birth regarded as forever impure by the com- plicated dogma of Hinduism.” “The reason for the desire to satisfy him lies in the fact that he has mil- lions of fanatic followers,” in the opin- ion of the Louisville Courier-Journal and the Youngstown Vindicator agrees that “his death would be the signal for serious trcuble.” The New York Sun declares: “Neither political India nor political Great Britain could af- ford the moral risk of permitting him to die in such a cause.” “What disturbances might have fol- lowed his death from his ‘hunger strike’ could nct be foreseen at this distance. but they threatened tremors that would | shake the entire globe,” according to the Asbury Park Evening Press, which considers it fortunate that “the com- ‘omise between the Hindus and the eaders of the lower castes has been approved by London and found accept- able by Gandhi.” As the Hartford Daily Times views it: “It is an impres- sive fact that all parties to the contest feared his death quite as much as they do_the living Gandhi.” Seeing proof of England’s capacity for “muddling through” again in a crisis, the Cleveland News states: “To the British government goes the credit for preventing a tragedy that might have been measured in terms of thou- sands of lives. The death of India's saint, in protest against what he con- sidered the injustice of the government, might have been the signal for the wild- est disorder, although India's popula- tlon is neither equipped for ncr tem- ramentally suited to effective revolt. e wheels of government of the great- est empire on earth stopped. roversed themselves to save a man's life in the squalid surroundings of a prison cell at na.” In the words of th> Meridian Btar, “death of the Hindu prophet might have applied the match to the Indian powder magazine.” “The terrible meek triumphs,” pro- claims the Oklahoma City Oklahoman, with a tribute to the little man’s 1 terest in books and the conclusion: “He has read through the King James ver- sicn of the Bible and the Koran. He has refamiliarized himself with the works of Tolstol. He has read Henry Thoreau's ‘Paradoxes of Civilization," ‘Life Without Principle’ and ‘An Eisay on the Duty of Civil Disobedience.’ He has renewed acquaintance with Ruskin, Altogether his intellectual and spiritual diet has been as substantial as his material diet has been thin. The world breathes more easily and partakes of its food more comfortably since Mr. Gandhi is taking a little orange juice and goat’s milk, diluted with warm water. And any one who has read of the caste discrimination against the un- touchables of India and who is even slightly aware of their pitiful condition will rejoice that their champion has won his case.” R ‘What Taxes Have Done. From the Port Worth Star-Telegram. Taxes made us a democracy. Taxes made us & government of party. Taxes bred a specles of politician. Taxes has aroused the public wrath to the point wheré we may soon be increasing taxes that we can feed the people who can't pay their taxes.