Evening Star Newspaper, September 26, 1932, Page 8

a— THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Bditions WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY.....September 26, 1932 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: . and vPEq]nlYlvlnll Ave. ichigan Bullding. nt. St.. London, Rate by Carrier Within the City. R Eyenine Star . .45c per month e Evening and Sunday Star (when 4 Sundays)... ..60¢ per month The Evening and Sunday indays) (when 5 Su 65¢ per month The Sunday St Sc_per copy Collection made a: h month. t the end ‘of eac! ‘ Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. M;ryhml and V\ll' ol‘ljll.l “ d 0 ; 1mo., 8¢ Dally and Sunday. ¥ 3 N e Daily only ... yr., $6.00: 1mo. Bunday only . yr. $4.00; 1mo. d0c All Other States and Canada. Daily and Sunday...1yr. $1200; 1 mo. $1.00 Daily only 1yr. $8.00 1mo, T8¢ Bunday only 1yr, $5.00; 1mo. B80c Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for Tepublication of all news dis- patehes credited to it or not otherwise cred Lol in hls PRAPer A0 Aot pubhiation of ublished hereln. Al Tights Epeclal dispatches herein are aiso reserved. The National Progressive League. In an appeal to voters generally to “forget party labels” and support the Roosevelt-Garner ticket the newly or- ganized National Progressive' League makes its bow to the public today. Of course, the league "does not ask the Democrats to forget their party label. The appeal is to the Republicans. The bait is the promise of the Roosevelt- Garner ticket that there will be a “new deal” if Gov. Roosevelt is elected Presi- dent and Speaker Garner becomes Vice President. The “new deal” will be a lot of new faces in Mgh governmental posi- tions, Bew faces that belong to deserv- ing Democrats. Outside of Kicking the “ins” out and & lot of glittering generali- ties, there seems to be little in the “new deal” that is so widely advertised. The National Progressive League is headed by that ardent follower of Alfred E. Smith iy 1928, Senator George W. Norris of Nebraska, Republican. Sena- tor Norris is to stump the country for Roosevelt. He will not confine his ef- forts to carrying his own State of Ne- braska for the New Yorker. He is to travel from coast to coast, making speeches along the way for the Demo- cratic nominee. That is his contribu- tion this year to the Republican party, of which he proudly claims he is a bet- ter member than is President Hoover. When it comes to forgetting party labels, Mr. Norris surely practices what he preaches. The National Progressive League is made up of Democrats and disgruntled Republicans, It sees in Gov. Roosevelt & true progressive. The Democrats in the league look upon him also as & true Democrat. The league appeals to the “independent voters” of the coun- try to get in line back of the Roosevelt- Garner ticket. While it has some nice things to say about Gov. Roosevelt, the main point of its statement is a bitter attack on President Hoover and the Republican administration. The new league criticizes the Hoover administration on the ground that it seeks to rebuild the Nation's prosperity from the top down “by showering loans THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, tween 1930 and 1931 of $25,643,608, [sodety and wish to climb into a Utoplan , with the increase between 1929 and 1930 of $27,595915 and with the in- crease between 1926 and 1927 of $47,- 585,907. The bare increase in total realty assessments this year of $2.- 600,000 compares with an increase last year of $15529,330, with an increase the year before of $18,699,273 and with an increase this year before that of $44,405,440. The small amount of increase in the tax base has, of course, given the Com- missioners something to worry about in framing the cstimates now before the Bureau of the Budget. Thelr anxiety is relatively small, compared with the real problem faced by the taxpayer, who, despite Teduced salary and mayhap no jcb at all, has found his tax bill remeining the same in this the fourth Autumn of the de- pression, « Japan at Geneva. In the duel over Manchukuo, about to be fought to a finish at Geneva be- tween Japan and the League of Na- tions, the League draws first blood. On Saturday, over the vehement objections of the Japanese delegate, the Council set November 14 for consideration of the report of the Lytton Commission on the Sino-Japanese conflict in Man- churia. Mr. Nagaoka's plaintive plea for delay, because of floods, poor steam- ship service and the necessity of time for translating 100,000 words of the report into Japanese, not only fell on deat Council ears, but, according to the Associated Press report, “provoked gen- eral laughter.” Thoreupon the Jap- anese spokesman wrs overruled. The Tokio goverrrient, on the basis little doubt that Japan is headed for defeat at Geneva in iis attempt fully to justify its action in China during the past yesr.' The Japanese recognition of Manchukuo, ordained without wait- ing for the League Commission's report, appears to have done Toklo's case little good. President de Valera of Ireland, presiding over the Councll, voiced that body's regret that Japan has proceeded so precipitately. For twelve months. he sald, the League Council had abstained from any action designed to prejudice a final Sino-Japanese agreement. Senor de Madariaga of Spain, one of the pillars of the Leazue Council, echoed President de Valera's veiled rebuke. The Spanish delegate went the length of asserting that Japan's action in ac- knowledging the le of Man- chukuo is “a matf grave concern” to the international community of na- tions. Dr. W. W. Yen, China’s spokesman at Geneva, naturally joined the ma- jority of the League Council in op- posing Japan's time-gaining ma- neuvers. The Chinese delegate bol- stered his own country’s demand for the promptest possible Geneva action respecting Manchukuo by contending that the Japanese are now preparing to extend their military occupation into the Province of Jehol, which lies be- tween Manchuria and China proper. What happens at Geneva later in the Autumn—or Winter, for procrastination is the first law of League of Nations human nature—will be determined in the last analysis by the stand of the larger powers. These are not likely to maintain the only thinly-veiled pro- Japanism which characterized their and subsidies upon the great corpora- tions.” Gov. Roosevelt, it asserts, will build from the bottom up. Senator Norris and others of the group now forming this league have been advo- cates of a Federal Government “dole” to the unemployed by whatever name it may be called. That may be what they mean when they say they belleve in building from the bottom up. Undoubtedly the effort of the Pro- gressive League will be to halt the flow of voters to the ticket headed by Nor- man Thomas, the Socialist candidate. The Democrats are threatened in some States by the intention of many of their own to go over to the Socialist ticket, thereby splitting the opposition to the Hoover-Curtis ticket. Mr. ‘Thomas has no more use for the Roose- welt-Garner ticket than he has for the Hoover-Curtis ticket. He says quite frankly in his adresses that the Demo- cratic party has nothing to offer that goes anywhere near the root of the Natfon's present difficulties. This is the kind of talk that Senator Norris will set himself to overcome in his swing around the country. It will be interesting to observe, however, how much of his time is given to praising Roosevelt and how much is given to lambasting the Republicans, Absolutely no reproach can be dai- rected at Governor Pinchot by the Re- construction Finance Corporation on the theory that he was not prompt in presenting himself at the paying teller's window. Many Democrats who used to vote With progressive Republicans in Wis- consin have evidently decided that it s time for the Democracy to do some progressing on its own account. e Decreased Assessments. ! Assessments for taxation always lag Bome distance behind the rise and fall of real estate values, and it is not until this year that the local assessments, on ‘which current tax bills are based, have begun to show the full effect of the depression. As Assessor Richards’ fig- ures demonstrate, however, the effect has not been reflected in some sections of the city as much as in others. For a selected group of squares, there have been as many cases of increased land value as there have been of decreases, although for the city as a whole there has been a total decrease of about $10,- 000,000. New construction, on the other hand, has lifted the assessment of im- provements for the city as a whole about $12,700,000 above. what it was Jast year, and brought the total realty assessment for 1933 some $2,600,000 over 1932. The full effect of the depression on mssessment is seen best, however, by 8 comparison with some former years. The decrease of $10,000,000 in land walues is the greatest decrease in any one year since 1911—the date from which annual assessment figures are compiled for insertion in the House ‘Appropriations Committee hearings every year. It may be compared, for nstance, with the increase recorded between 1927 and 1928 of $132,104,221. Similarly, the small increase of $12,- 700,000 in assessed value of improve- ments recorded in 1933 over 1932 may be compered with the increase last year » 88 $13,683401, with the increase be- / conduct last Winter when Manchuria and Shanghal jointly were absorbing Geneva's attention. On that occasion it was Great Britain and France that, mainly blocked economic ‘sanctions” or any other form of chastisement for Japan. Since then, following the lead- ership of the non-League United States, the League Assembly has identified itself with the *“Hoover doctrine” of non-recognition of situations created of these initial proc-edings, can be in | heaven on a Communist stepladder. The American fruits of victory of the war with Spain included what are commonly called the Philippine Islands, but Spain did not know, and the United States thus far has been unable to dis- cover, the exact mathematical mean- ing of the phrase. Since 1899 a total of 7,083 isles of varying dimensions have been listed, most of them mere polka dots in size. Only four hundred and sixty-two are larger than a square mile. The largest of all, Luzon, con- tains 40,814 square miles, approximat- ing in size Virginia or Ohio, and is eminently worth owning. But except as sources of comic opera material and as causes of diplomatic debate the islets claimed by the Princess and most of their diminutive neighbors, mapped and unmapped, are inconsequential. The agitation anent the Turtle Is- lands, however, serves one useful purpose in that it reminds the human family of the fact that as yet the old, much traveled earth is not completely sub- jugated or occupied. Man still has room to grow, things to learn and adven- tures to enjoy. ————r————————— The Farmers to “March.” Another “march” on Washington is projected, something like that of the bonus seekers but different in detail and particularly so in schedule. Dele- gates to an organization known as the Farmers' National Relief Conference are to be chosen between now and De- cember by local meetings of farmers at the ratio of one delegate for each twenty-five or more farmers present at the meetings. It is the expectation of | the promoters of this movement that at least five hundred will be present in Washington shortly after the opening {of Congress, to demand a moratorium on their debts, especially farm mort- {gages. and the halting of evictions. Unlike the bonus march, this descent of the farmers upon Washington in search of legislation will have a time limit. They will attend a conference ]in this city extending from December 7 to 10 and then, regardless of whether the petition 1s granted or not—of course, it could not be expected to be granted in the short time indicated— the petitioners will disperse, returning by their own transportation, as they |came. No arrangements have been | made or at least disclosed respecting the maintenance of the delegates while in Washington, but it is to be assumed that they will provide for themselves and not become, as did the bonus marchers, public charges upon this community. Such an exercise of the right of petition is altogether proper. The im- propriety of the bonus march con- sisted in its needless numbers and the protraction of their stay beyond the point of any possibility of congres- sional action. The farmers are making no threat to camp on the doorsteps of the National Legislature until they obtain the relief they seek. They will come here, not as dependents on pub- lic charity for maintenance, but as self-sustalning citizens seeking redress of grievances, and when they have made their plea they will depart to await at their homes the outcome of their petition. There can be no complaint against such a procedure and there will will be no apprehension in Washington on the score of possible repetition of the distressing experience of a few months ago. .- Statesmanship is frankly recognizing the need not only of showing the Gov- ernment how to economize, but of en- abling the average -citizen to lay by something for himself and family. —————— His trip into ocean depths is enabling Dr. Beebe to tell the greatest fish stories in violation of international treaties. And only within the past few days France has formally aligned itself with the Washington Government’s refusal to recognize the independence of Man- chukuo. Russia, on the other hand, seems ready to acknowledge the new state, a development which would im- mensely strengthen Jajan’s political and military position in the Par East by extinguishing the probability of a clash with the Soviet government. Before many more months are past, unless the League breaks even its own record for time-killing and side-step- ping, the world’s position toward Japan’s ambitious undertaking in Man- churia will have to be made clear and unequivocal. S When he says that this Nation will emerge from present experiences stronger than ever, Vice President Cur- tis must not be interpreted as referring to the alcoholic content of beverages. ———et The day that is astronomically dedi- cated to “the last rose of Summer” has arrived. This fact, however, does not positively guarantee that the last hot wave has departed. —_—re—————— The Turtle Islands. On the northeast coast of British Borneo there should be fourteen islands, and if, as and when they are located, the Princess Dayang, daughter of the Sultan of Sulu, wants them. The royal lady has asked President Hoover for them. She also has appealed to the of the season and to add the charm of a guarantee that they are all true. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Greatest on Earth. ‘What ho, Mr. Voter! Again we are here! Gather ’round one and all and approach without fear! The wonders we'll show of this world big and wide When Time draws the curtain to let you inside. ‘The collection of marvels—to view it make haste—' There are features appealing to every man's taste! The mild dove of peace, known to every one, Is perched on the latest, most terrible gun. The eagle will scream and the donkey will kick, And the elephant wise will do many a trick, While dignified ringmasters walk up and down And others appear in the garb of the clown. The old-fashioned band wagon swings into view, { In glittering splendor all gilded anew. Instructive and moral youll ind the great show! Again we are here! Mr. Voter, what ho! A Principle Personally Applied. “A man makes a mistake when he War Department and to GoV. GeN. | tries to obtain something for nothing.” Theodore Roosevelt at Manila. Seven of the group have been identified by international geographers and have been called the Turtle Islands. Seven still are missing. On those known to map makers, some three hundred Moro fishermen and cocoanut growers live. Who or what lives on those not yet detected is, of course, unknown. The princess is willing to take a chance. She wants all fourteen of the islands found and delivered to her pronto. Her grandmother, Queen Lana, she says, “True” replied Senator Sorghum, “and yet some people expect us to go ahead and get elected without a cam- paign fund.” Concentrated Wisdom. “Will your boy go to college’ “I don't believe he'll need to,” replied Mr. Bliggins. “If he ever learns the answers to all the questions he asks, he will know more than the professors.” Demonstrative Sentiment. gave them to her, and she is impa- tient to come into possession. President Hoover, having nothing else to engage his attention, doubtless will give the matter immediate study, and maybe a squadron of battleships will be sent to find the princess’ property and tow it to her front door. Just what the You'll find among our fellow men Some figures monumental Who think they're patriotic, when They're only temperamental. An Impression Explained. “Do you believe that insanity is really on the increase?” asked the student of statistics. princess will do with the islands when she gets them is, naturally, a matter of speculation. There are so many pos- sibilitles. They might be auctioned off to enthusiastic pagans who cannot wait for the repeal of the eighteenth amend- ment. They might be sold to nudist cults. They might be made available to enemies of “the machine age” who cannot any longer tolerate the discom- forts of modern civilization. Probably 1t 15 too much to hope that they might constitute havens for theorists who are dissatisfied with the normal evolution of “Not at all,” answered the eminent allenist. “We experts have merely be- come more industrious and discerning.” No Rest. ‘When we have voted once again ‘With zeal intense, ‘We'll start right in on the campaign For four years hence. “One er de things that kind o’ gits me baffled,” said Uncle Eben, “is a lazy man sceldin® a hard-workin® one foh not bein’ & reg'lar optimist.” v MONDAY, THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Random Nature notes: Score up another good point for the morning-glory vine—the cardinal bird loves it. The other morning a vivid glow of scarlet attracted our attention. The spot of brightness was atop a section of fence heavily covered with morning-glories. Then it moved! It was Cardinal cardinalis, bright- est, and, many think, most beautiful of our birds. He sat for a long time amid the leaves, and then flew away, only to return presently to his perch. Since that day he has returned to the morning-glory vines almost every evening, just about dusk. Just what he does there, besides enjoy the view, we are not prepared to say. More observation may reveal his pur- pose, but one may suspect that it is nothing but the enjoyment of a good perch, on solid wire amid fresh green leaves. There is a cardinal climber vine there, too, but the bright bird devotes little of his attention to it. despite its name, which, of course, means abso- lutely nothing to him. What a relief that must be, to have names mean nothing to you! Names and human beings go to- gether, of course, but there are times in the modern scenes when one de- voutedly wishes that names might be abandoned for a spell. Names, labels, tend to hold mankind apart, keeping them firm in their dif- ferent thinking, instead of accenting thelr agreements. Upon occasion one may think that what the world needs most is a new list of names, a sort of verbal reform, in which old hates and dislikes might have an opportunity to evaporate, while the multitudes of men, brothers, put their shoulders to the wheel of life together. * o % % What a litter of walnut shells the squirrels are making these days! At some point in the suburban areas. espec ially beneath walnut trees, broken shells fairly litter the sidewalks, other morning, as we proceeded to work. that she swept the walk in front of her home twice a day, “but that nobody would know it.” The black stains from the shells can- not be washed off, but remain on con- crete until time and many rains shall remove them. Little do the bushy-tailed rodents { care for that, they are so busy in the | trees, with their perpetaual eating and | jabbering Many of them seem to possess a posi- tive dislike for human beings who walk | beneath their habitats, They begin to jaw and bark, in their queer way, when a pedestrian ap- | proaches, and often will follow him | through the trees for 50 feet or more, continually grating their teeth at him | ‘This curious noise is best put in print | as “crek.” Crek-crek! It is the squirrel language for a dis- agreeable sequence of syllables which, in English, rather impolitely requests a person to “move on.” This series of gnashing imprecations is hurled at man, dog and cat indis- criminately. Once we saw a squirrel hanging about 8 dozen feet up the side of a tree, head down, clinging by its hind paws, and literally shaking its forepaws, or fists, at a big yellow house cat. 5 The latter sat immovable, mildly as- tounded at the unusual attitude and unseasonable language of the rodent * x ok x ‘Tales continue to come from the outer suburbs of a hundred squirrels seen in one yard, and at least as many robins feasting on a lawn after the grass has been sprinkled. ‘These stories may be taken with two grains of salt. A hundred, either of squirrels or robins, is a little too much, but almost any suburbanite mey point with pride to a score or more of either. When the weather grows colder the squirrels will appear in even larger numbers. After the first frost their coats grow BY FREDERIC About the toughest mission upon which a foreign diplomat ever embarked in Washington is the one that began to- | day, when Mr. Hirosi Saito, newly ar- rived Japanese charge d'affaires, for- mally presented himself for the first time to Secretary of State Stimson. They had met.before, for Mr. Saito was a member of the Japanese delegation to the London Naval Conference in 1930. His job is a hard job because it synchro- nizes with Japan’s efforts to bring about world recognition of Manchukuo as an independent state. The views of the United States and Japan on that sub- ject are about as far apart as the two countries themselves. Tokio, indeed, looks upon Washington as the villain in the piece, for the “Hoover doctrine” of non-recognition of territory fashioned in violation of international treaties is the flag around which most of the world, including the League of Nations, is rallying in the Manchurian affair. Mr. Saito knows America well. He was the granite-faced Admiral Kato's right- hand man and interpreter at the Wash- ington Arms Conference of 1921-22. Later Mr. Saito was Japanese consul general in New York. He speaks classic English, with & touch of American ac- cent. ok ok ‘There’s nothing pickayunish about Democratic Vice Presidential Candidate Jack Garner. Once upon & time men Tunning for office used to hand out mere cigars. Texas' favorite son gives away live steers. Democrats in South New Jersey some time ago arranged to throw an honest-to-goodness Dixie bar- becue early in October. The Speaker heard about it through his friend, the mayor of Egg Harbor City, N. J., who coyly suggested that a Texas steer would add a welcome flavor to the occasion. Three other friends of “Cactus Jack” wrote him along similar lines. Last week each of the four Jersey Democrats received, with the Speaker's compli- ments, a white-faced short horn fit to kill. The beeves are now being fattened up on a farm near the barbecue scene, and the news that the “eats” will be on Garner is expected to draw a record crowd of ravenous Democrats to the feed. * * % x Senator Bronson Cutting's defeat in the recent Republican State convention in New Mexico was the Progressives’ second punch in the nose within a few days, the other having been the col- lapse of the “La Follette racket” in Wisconsin. Cutting’s slate of delegates was rejected and G. O. P. regulars seated in their stead. The Senator was so hot and bothered that he resigned as Republican national committeeman and announced that his organization would file a third State ticket. Also Cut- ting_hints that his crowd may support the Democrats. Ironically, the Republic- an candidate for Governor whom Cutting opposed was R. C. Dillon, twice Gov- ernor and the one who appointed the disgruntled Progressive to the Senate in succession to the late Andreius A. Jones. Cutting came to Capitol Hill as & fairly orthodox Republican, but during the past year or two wholly left the reservation, with Messrs. Norris, La Follete et as an archfoe of the Hoover administration. Of cul- tured background, he is sometimes called Henry Cabot Lodge’s successor as the scholar of Congress. * K X K 4 Very latest under the sun is the - ect of a brace of New York plly'rfzrfiu dramatize the donus to march on ‘Washington into a stage play. They've been in the Capital during the past few days, looking over the scene, interview- %wummw:o;emmme e dunnfl . E. F.'8 ocoupa- tion of Pennsylvania avenue and the A careful housewife informed us the | thicker and their tails bushier, and they sdpend more of their time on the und ground. Especially in the early morning, be- fore the bulk of vehicular and peds trian traffic has begun, these interesting fellows love to run along sidewalks and lawns. Mcstly they keep out of the stre-t, whether by instinct or mere chance it is difficult to say. Perhaps they ha.e no particular fear of automcbiles, as such, but merely prefer to use' their accustomed paths overhead. In three years in a Maryland suburb we have not seen a squirrel cross a road except on telephone wires, which they use as bridges, with much very fine. balancing. In this feat a squirrel makes excel- lent use of its big tail, which it uses as 2 balancing instrument. Most of the clutch seems to be secured with the hind legs and paws, the forepaws being used, as the situation demands, as emergency brakes. > * ok x Moles are curious little creatures, to be found in all suburban communities and in many city yards. Their life, as every one knows, is mostly spent underground, in the tun- nels and runs which they build with their mnns‘e, spoon-like feet. They do not seem to have created, in this section’ of the country, the lawn trouble with which they once affiicted the dooryards of the Middle West. At | one time there mole runs simply under- mined otherwise good lawns. Their humped-up trails disfigured many an ctherwise good plot of grass. It was beliéved that they ate the roots of plants, and in other ways created havoc. There is much doubt that moles harm | plants in any way. with the exception | of such roots as might be sheared off by their tunneling operations. Happily, in this section of the coun- try they seem to work deeper, and so leave lawns free of the ugly raised lines. vented is the as Shake: know this is the only reference by the poet to this creature, with the excep- tion of seversl places in which “gray- malkin” is mentioned.) Lt The house cat is anything but harmless to moles. It catches them with the same ease it gathers in mice, and thus helps to keep entire neighborhoods free from them. Still too little credit is ziven the domestic cat, its friends think, | In its good work as vermin exterminator. The number of mice caught in a year by the entire feline population of a great | city, including its suburbs, no doubt would prove staggering if it could be put in print. at least 1000000 mice and moles | (mostly mice, of course) are caught in Washington, nearby Maryland and Vir- | ginia by cats in a year's time, * Ak % Few butterflies are to be seen in local gardens any more, but occasionally one flutters across & path, making the be- holder wonder where it came from, why it has lingered so long, where it will go. The Fall and Winter homes of the creatures all around us are matters for speculation for the tender-hearted, those often misunderstood but most Chris- tian of human beings. Without their solicitude for the poor and homeless the world would be 1o better off than it was 3.000 years ago. As cold weather comes on they will | wonder how the squirrels and the rab- bits and such birds as stay behind manage to make out. when the earth is |like iron, and the air like ice, and there is no water anywhere. Yet Nature cares for them, we say. She thickens their coats, and no doubt in other w what none-the-less must be privation and want, real physical hard- ships. Perhaps the best thing she does for them is to deprive them of any | knowledge of anything different from their lot. The squirrel that sits aloft in his scanty den in snow and ice knows nothing of any “central heating” except that which comes from his own | blood stream, and no doubt he is bet- ter off, being a squirrel. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS WILLIAM WILE. | Anacostia flats and generally surveying | the possibilities of their idea. “Journey’s End” wouldn't be a bad name for a theatrical version of the grim events in question. Perhaps “What Price Bonus” would be more appropriate. * ok ok % Miles Reno of Iowa, loquacious gen- eralissimo of the Farmers' Holiday As- | sociation, which is preparing a warm, if not a cordial, welcome for President | Hoover at Des Moines on October 4, it appears, is no mere horny-handed and distressed son of the soil. In fact, ac- cording to Nebraska and Iowa news- papers, Mr. Reno is not a farmer at all, f a farmers’ insurance company. 1f pub- lished figures of his salary are correct, | Miles is one “farmer” who doesn't need relief. * oxox % Dr. John C. Merriam, president of the Carnegie Institution at Washington and one of the world's greatest authorities in the field of paleontology—the branch of biology concerned with the ancient life of the globe—is back from a four months’ busman’s holiday in the far Southwest. He's been browsing around the Canyon del Muyerto, in the new Canyon du Chelly national monument in Arizona. There Dr. Merriam’s gaze was fascinated by what he thinks are thf most majestic cliff dwellings now extant, f th toweri Glzzy Belght of more than 600 et "¢ ok % % Among many arresting statements in a book on “War Debts and World Pros- perity,” published today by the Brook- ings Institution in Washington is the revelation that Germany has already paid over $5,000,000,000 in reparations, or more than five times the indemnity exacted from France by Germany in 1871. It is also disclosed that war debt payments received by the United States to date exceed $2,600,000,000, being less than one-quarter of the principal sums originally borrowed. Of this sum, 74 fi cent has been paid by Great Britain. e volume asserts that France has re- ceived approximately three and one-half times as much from Germany as she has paid her credifors. Great Britain and the United States. The British have received, both from reparations and from allied creditors, $240,000,000 less than she has paid to America. The Brookings publication argues that “com- plete obliteration” of all intergovern- mental debts would promote world eco- nomic recovery. * ok ok ok Secretary Stimson isn't likely to run into any Bronx cheers when he speaks on the Hoover administration’s foreign policy over a Nation-wide radio hook- up from Philadelphia next Saturday night. He's talking before the Union League of that city, than which no more stalwart, stand-pat. dyed-in-the-wool or what-have-you close Republican corpo- ration ever did obeisance before the elephant. The Union League was born with the Civil War, prides itself upon having entertained every Republican President since and including Lincoln, and is the Gibraltar of G. O. P.-ism in Pennsylvania. Gifford Pinchot is not a habitue of the club. (Copyright, 1932.) A Threat to Broadway. From the Boston Transcript. The butter and egg men of the coun- try say that the Federal Farm Board is playing ruination with their busi- ness and the night club proprietors in New York are all in a twitter of ap- prehension over it v We would estimate that | ys helps them to endure | their | but enjoys a fat income as executive of | SEPTEMBER 26, 1932. The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. Senator George W. Norris of Ne- braska still believes “the country needs another Roosevelt"—his remark to the Progressive Conference held here more than a year ago. The Nebraska Sena- tor is chairman of the National Com- mittee of the “National Progressive League,” organized to support the can- {didacy of Gov. Franklin D. Roosevelt !of New York for President of the | United States. The league, which is |to have headquarters in both Wash- ington and New York, officially springs | to life today, with a statement of its aims—which primarily are to bring about the defeat of President Herbert Hoover, if it can be done. Gov. Roose- velt is the only vehicle at hand to bring about this desire of the Progres- sive Senator Norris. He tried the same thing with Al Smith in 1928, but failed. * k ¥ % ‘The names of men prominent in the National Progressive League, included in the statement just issued, are those of Democrats, except for Senator Norris, Henry A. Wallace of Iowa, and a few others. The Democratic Senator from Colorade, Mr. Costigan, is vice chair- man, and Frank Murphy, mayor of Detroit and one of Roosevelt’s stanch- est Democratic supporters in the pre- convention campaign, are among the members listed. Of course, these men would be for Roosevelt whether they were in the league or not. The Progressive League, however, is to be vehicle for a transcontinental tour by Senator Norris, speaking in | many States for the candidacy of Gov. Roosevelt. The Nebraska Senator, who at least once every six years is a Re- publican and runs as such in the Ne- | braska primaries, perhaps did not care to be billed as a speaker by the Demo- cratic National Committee, hence the new Progressive League. According to | the statement now issued, the new | league is “non-partisan” in policy and its activities are confined solely to economic issues. Under this head. how- ever. it includes the election of a Pres- ident of the United States. * % ox % The Roosevelt people hope that the Norris speaking tour will be of real aid to their candidate for President. They believe that Norris will help the Demo- cratic ticket greatly in Nebraska, for example. and- in many other States of the West. Whether the Nebraska Sen- ator can do so much for the ticket in the East is another matter. The thing |Lnahsi' cut two ways before the election is eld. xx w4 Just what is going to happen to the | Republican Progressives if all the Demo- crats in the States which have been | sending these Progressives to the Sen- late start voting the Democratic ticket is something the Progressives may have to consider before long. Senator Blaine of Wisconsin fell by the wayside the other day when about 130,000 Demo- |crats who have been supporting Pro- gressive candidates in the Republican primaries in Wisconsin decided to vote | for the Democratic candidates for the | Senate in the Democratic primary. That wasn't so good. Furthermore, what is lgoing to happen to these Progressive | Republicans if the Democrats come into | power in the Senate> Undoubtedly | Senator Norris, who is chairman of the | Senate Judiciary Committee, cares very little for the chairmanship, although many Senators take a great deal of sat- isfaction out of their Senate chairman- ships. If the Democrats come into power, the senior Democratic Senator | on the committee will supplant Senator Norris as chairman. Senator La Follette of Wisconsin, who is chairman of the Committee on Manufactures, and Sen- ator Nye of North Dakota, chairman of |the Public Lands Committee, also will be “out.” and these chairmanships will g0 to Democrats. Hiram Johnson of California, chairman of the Commerce Committee, will be out, and one of his pet aversions, Senator Borah of Idaho, must give over the Senate Foreign Re crats have control of the Senate and its committees, their old allies, the Pro- gressive Republicans, will look to the Democrats just like the rest of the Re- publican outfit. The Democrats will, it is said, pull together. A Democrat is a Democrat first and a Progressive second. Once the Republicans have been let down by these Progressives from the West, the chances are that they will not ticularly those who have openly sup- ported the Democrats, much consider- |ation. In the past the Republicans /have been inclined to humor the Pro- gressives and give them favorable tzeatment, along with the rest of the Republican Senators, in the hope that scme semblance of majority control could be maintained. But when the Republicans are in a minority position in the Senate, as they may well be after the coming elections, there will be a demand on the part of many of the | G. O. P. leaders to clean house. = Fanatic Republican drys in New York publican party there this Fall if it can | be done. “It's the old rule-or-ruin game they have played for a long time. But if the Democrats get entire control, particularly after winning as “wets,” |lations Committee. And once the Demo- | give the Progressive Republicans, par-, i St ing to k the Re- | e P i this Fall 1 it can | War against the possible spread of dis- the Republicans in New York and else- where are likely to tell their dry de- serters just where to get off. The ma- jority of the Republicans have come over to the wet side of the prohibition question, along with President Hoover. The Law Preservation party is what these dry Republicans call themesleves in New York, and they are to hold a State convention October 3 and 4, when the Republicans and Democrats are having their own conventions. If Mrs. D. Leigh Colvin, president of the State W. C. T. U, is correct, the drys will put a whole State ticket of their own into the field, including candidates for Go! ernor and Senator, should the Repul licans not nominate candidates satis- factory to them and adopt a platform they like. * ok % x Already Mrs. Colvin and her friends: have persuaded a dry to run for the House against former Senator James W. Wadsworth, an ardent wet leader, who was killed off in 1926 in his race for re-election to the Senate by just such_tactics on the part of the drys. Mr. Wadsworth is so strong in his dis- trict, however, and it is so strongly Re- publican that the drys may fail in their present effort to keep Wadsworth out of Congress. His election will mean another wet House member from a dis- trict that hitherto has been represented by a dry. So far there has been no in- dication that these dry Republicans in New York will undertake to place in the field presidential electors to run against President Hoover and for some other candidate. In the gresldenflul election they can, if they wish, vote for former Represéntative William D. Upshaw of Georgla, the candidate of the National Prohibition party. It is not likely that the Georgian will gather many votes in ! up-State New York, however. Mrs. Col- vin is dead set against Col. William Donovan, who apparently is slated to be the Republican candidate for Governor this year. - * K K x Notwithstanding the results of the Maine election, President Hoover ap- parently stands a. pretty good chance today of carrying the New gEngland States, including Maine. This is due largely to divisions among the Demo- crats themselves. Democratic politiclans in _Massachusetts, which has now two Democratic Senators, a Democratic Governor and which went for Al Smith in 1928, admit that Mas- sachusetts is a nut for them to crack this . principal cause for alarm in the fact that thou- sands of Democrats who voted for Smith in 1928 are today to vent their wrath upon Roosevelt be- cause he stood in the way of Smith's renomination this year. What is true in Massachusetts is true also in Maine, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Connecticut. Vermont is so nay ”nmn:lv ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. ‘This is a special department devoted solely to the handling of queries. This paper puts at your disposal the serv- ices of an extensive organization in ‘Washington to serve you in any capac- ity that relates to information. This service is free. Failure to make use of it deprives you of benefits to which you American, used merely as a scatter rug or, If it is especially beautiful or valu- able, hung on the wall as if it were & tapestry. It might also be arranged on a baby grand piano. Q. Who said that the mind can make a heaven of hell and a hell of heaven? are entitled. Your obligation is only —C. T. P. 3 cents in coin or stamps inclosed with your inquiry for direct reply. Address The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washing- | ton, D. C. Q. The new U. S. Botanic Garden, which 1s in process of construction, has on the outside of the northern front of the bullding over each archway of the semi-circular windows a keystone em- bellished with a mascaron in high re- lief. Can you tell me what these mas- carons are supposed to represent?—J. J. A. The heads of flora, representing horticulture; Pan, represent forest | growth, and Neptune, representing sea | growth, decorate the keystones about | which you have inquired. Q. Did the introduction of 2-cent postage in England increase the volume of mail carried?—A. E. A. In 1889, before the introduction of the reform, 75,907,572 letters were car- ried. Letters for the following year, after its introduction, reached 2,323,- 600,000 Q. Why do college seniors wear caps | and gowns?>—N. B. A. The movement was essentially & student movement to provide a senior badge and to improve the commence- ment_week exercises, take the place of the dress suit and revive the traditions | of a continuing and related university life. It was approved particularly by | the students on account of its being | uniform, which overcame all differences of dress and made for democracy. It was seen that the gowns aided grace and overcame akwardness in speaking and that the general effect was to make university functions more char- acteristic. interesting and impressive to all beholders. Q. How long did Stephen A. Douglas live after he was defeated for the presi- | dency. in 1860?—T. 8. | ‘A. Douglas, who was one of Lincoln’s | opponents in 1860, died June 3, 1861. Q. How tall were the Prussian| Guardas?—C. E. i A. In the days of the Kaiser these | guards stood 7 feet in their stockings. Q. Who were the Hyksos who ruled Egypt?>—B. O. M. A. They were, according to the Egyp- tian annals, & conquering nomadic race from the East, who, under Salatis, their first King, took Memphis and rendered the whole of Egypt tributary. Their name probably means foreign kings, the explanation shepherd kings, being of later origin. The date of their inva- sion and conquest was about 1700 B.C., of their expulsion about 1600 B.C. The seat of their rule was the strongly gar- risoned fortress of Avaris, on the north. eastern border of the Delta. They fol- lowed Egyptian customs, end their six monarchs took Egyptian names. It seems likely also that a great part of Syria was subject to them. The only detailed account of them by any an- cient writer is an unreliable passage of a lost work of Manetho, cited by Josephus in his rejoinder to Apion. Q. Where were the pieces of eight coined?—C. S. M. A. They were coined early in the seventeenth century at Amsterdam, the Netherlands then being under Spanish rule. They were worth 8 Spanish reals. Q. For what purpose is a prayer rug used in this country?—W. S. R A. A prayer rug is, in the home of an | nace. A. The quotation is from Milton, and in full, is: “The mind is itz own place, and in itself can make a heaven of hell, a hell of heaven.” . Was Stanton's Elizabeth Ccdl{c affairs?— Q husband interested in pub! S. A R. A. Henry Brewster Stanton was promi. nent in anti-slavery movements and assisted in the reorganization of the Republican party, 1858-60. He was for many years on the editorial staff of the New York Sun. Q. To prevent dust and dirt, can cheesecloth be used over registers con- nected with a hot-air furnace without interfering with the heat?—S. T. A. The Bureau of Mines says that the using of cheesecloth over every opening in your floors connecting with the hot-air furnace would interfere somewhat with the circulation of air and cause higher temperature of the air discharged. It will probably take & little more coal to operate the fur- If cheesecloth is used it should be changed or cleaned frequently. Q. Who had charge of the American exhibits at the Paris Exposition last year?—E. V. P. A. On August 17, 1930, C. Bascom Slemp was appointed director general | of the United States participation in the International Colonial Exposition at Paris, which Congress voted to au- thorize. At this exposition was shown an exact duplicate of Mount Vernon, | which was opened to the public and conducted after the manner of Washington's time. The exposition closed November 16, 1931, and Mr. Slemp also terminated his mission. Q. How much later does the moon rise each night?—A. T. A. The moon rises about 50 minutes later each day, but the time may be less than one-half an hour or as much as an hour and a quarter. Q. Will alcohol mixed with work satisfactorily in autom en- gines’—A. L. D. A. The Industrial Bulletin says that the use of pure alcohol is im) in our present engines, although special engines can be bullt to use it. Mixtures of gasoline with 15 to 25 per cent alco- hol work very well in our present cars, with no change in carburetor adjust- ments. Alcohol is about twice efl tive as benzyl for anti-knock pi and is safer than lead tetraethyl. Alco- hol also has a cleaning effect, and motors which are run on fuels con- taining alcohcl remain freer from car- bon‘saeposm than motors run on other fuels, Q. Does Milwaukee still have a So- cialist mayor?>—M. C. F. A. The present mayor of Milwaukee, who has served for 16 years, is Daniel W. Hoan, a Socialist. . What type architecture is that employed in the White House?—M. D. A. It is a Colonial type known as Georgian. Q. How many biographies are there in “Who's Who in America”?>—D. M. 8, A. The 1932-33 edition contains 30~ 545 life sketches. The initial volume, 1899-1900, contained 8,602. . Are there many motion pictures based upon Bible stories?—J. P. A. There are quite a few. Several companies have produced such films. Winter Relief for Country Presented as Citizens’ Task Coming of another Winter season turns the attention of the whole coun- try to the meeting of the Federal Wel- | fare and Rellef Conference in Wash- | ington, President Hoover’s statement of the problem to be met, and the selec tion of Newton D. Baker to take charge | of the work. Special emphasis, in re- | sponse to the advice of leaders, is placed on the need of private aid. in order that the public agencies may be able to meet the situation. X President Hoover’s call to the Nation “to see that no man, woman or child shall go hungry or unsheltered through the approaching Winter” is quoted by the Charleston (W. Va) Daily Mail, which calls upon the people to “arise to meet the crisis with a degree of personal sacrifice that may prove to be even greater than any sacrifices they | were called upon to make during the | World War.” The Daily Mail sees “war against the ‘wolf at the door’ of a million homes, war against hunger, | against cold, against starvation, and ease and pestilence.” - “There are persons who believe the need of relief will be greater than ever,” says the Port Huron Times Herald, “because many people have exhausted their savings during s consicerable period of unemployment,” but that pa- per feels that “efen a slight improve- ment in business should make the need | sorgewhat less.” That paper concludes: | v?: know there is no lack of the means, however great the need may be. The only difficulty will be in ge‘!,un' the means and the need together. “Many of us are more hopeful today than a year ago,” states the Haverhiil Gazette, with, however, the warning: “Many of us are more concerned with public expenditures for welfare work than we are with similar private ex- penditures. Many of us, in fact, ap- | pear to have become reconciled to | caring for the needy out of public| funds. There are signs also that we have become somewhat calloused to knowledge of extensive want. We can- not afford to become fixed in such a | state of mind. If we do, we shall have nothing short of ruinous expenditures for public welfare or an unprecedented spectacle of human misery. It behooves every community to bring its relief agencies to the highest possible point of efficiency. «Mr. Baker did this country a notable | service,” thinks the Nashville Banner, | “when he emphasized the fact that the battle against unemployment, while not as spectacular and sensational as the World War, carries even more impor- tant possibilities for the destruction of | human values if it is not waged and | won. It is of vast and immediate im-| portance, as President Hoover said, | that no man, woman or child shall go | hungry and without shelter this Win- ter, but it is even more vital that re- Tief be achieved as far as possible in such manner that self-respect be main- tained and the hope and desire for per- | sonal accomplishment shall not be kiiled. For I.gelr own sake, as well as for that of the Nation, relief must not pauperize those whom it touches.” It is pointed out by the Oakland Tribune that “a President of the United States and a man who was| Secretary of War under another Presiz dent, a Republican and a Democrat, spoke in the common cause of human welfare,” and that paper gives indorse- ment to the thought of Mr. Baker that the program “is not a mere interim provision to tide over this Winter's from the material point of view, crisis but also in its larger aspects it is to braf continue the work of character-build- ing agencies, which are more critically needed now than at any other time.” ‘The Salt Lake -Deseret News thinks that the selection of Mr. Baker for this work “is a action, for Mr. Baker is among the very ablest men of the country and possesses unusual human sympathy.” “We decn't in the leutsctl‘re." accord- | are not in the least particular. | decided opinions on all those subjects, | irrespective 6f whom the some ‘corner.” Our only concern is its arrival with such blueprints and speci- fications as will insure something of per- manency. Give us 15-cent cotton. $1 wheat, corn, oats and garden truck in the same proportion and jobs for 5,000~ 000 eager job seekers and we shall not so much as ask it what detained it so long. It can wear a Republican tag, a Demo- cratic brand, eighteenth amendment, five-gallon hat, anti-prohibition overalls, speak with a Yankee nasal tang or & drawly ‘yall.” be a supporter of the League of Nations or of 1,000,000 air- planes and isolation, write off the war debts or turn them over to a collection agency with marine co-operation—we ‘We have but not one of those same opinions is werth the postage on the invoice of & returned prosperity.” “The task transcends all politics and will be the major concern this Winter, votors decide to elect to the presidency.” proclaims the Hartford Times, while the Youngstown Vindicator, quoting Mr. Baker's an- nouncement that amounts for relief “have increased eightfold since 1929." and that “this Winter the Government will help with a loan of $300,000,000 which it is placing at the disposal of the States,” emphasizes also Mr. Baker's be- lief that there must be added “a devo- tion of every private resource. both to extend the funds purely for relief and to preserve and intensify the curative ministrations of welfare and character- building agencies.” The Altoona Mirror recognizes that “the burden will devolve upon the States and the various com= munities.” *“The physical need is simply stated.” says the Omaha World-Herald. “Presi- dnt Hoover expressed the Nation's de- termination with respect to it when he declared the first task of Americans ‘is to see that no man, woman or child shall go hungry or unsheltered through the approaching Winter’! ‘That task, ‘we cannot but believe, will be accom- plished, staggering as are its propor= | tions. 'But there are other problems, equally grave, as Mr. Baker points out.” ————— Welcome Vibrations. Prom the Hazleton Standard-Sentinel. Economists look upon the consump- tion of electrical energy as an infallible measure of industrial production and community development. When con= sumption increases it is because indus- trial wheels are speeding up and more people are buying power. ‘Therefore the enthusiasm over the report of increased electrical consump- tion in the country ever since Septem- ber 1 is not difficult to explain. Every= where it is welcomed as a sign of busi. ness recovery. ‘This power report undoubtedly had something to do with the early Sep- tember spurt in the stock market, in- formed investors knowing that whereas financial statements are history, gains in power consumption are prophetic of improved business in the future. Se- curities are not purchased on past per- formance as much as the small specu- lator imagines. Industry, agriculture, business and the home will first show new prosperity through the increased use of electricity. When production and profit are low the first two do not need power and when hard times are upon the land the latter two are sparing in its use. So'when prosperity rounds the cormer it will heral: its coming through electric vi- ns. —_— e Storks and Whales. Prom the Schenectady Gazette. Stocks aren't alone. The whale always goes again after it blows the water out. A New Slogan. From the Jersey City Journal. Grand ?u Party might make #t