Evening Star Newspaper, June 27, 1932, Page 8

/EE—)EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., MONDAY, JUNE 27, 1932. - Al THE BVENA B e e —ey ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS THE EVENING STAR | With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C MONDAY. ....June 27, 1932 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor The lveulu.llu Newspaper Company -3 . enicago &'és“ La European ‘g4 Regen rrier Within the City. 5 .48c per menth Rate by Cal T t ., 8¢ per TR ection made at the end of ench men Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone NAtional . Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. .. $10.00: 1 3 REC LT 1yr. $4.00: 1 mo.. 40¢ ily and Sun s:lly only junday only All Other States and Canada. Baily waf st fme: il Junday only .. yr. $8.00: 1 mol. Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively cutitled 1o the use for republication of all news diz Paiches credited to it or not otherwisg cr ed in this paper and also the local news Tublished herein rights of publicati special dispatches herein are also reserved. —_—— Roosevelt's Prospects. With the withdrawal from the Demo- cratic convention race of Senator James Hamilton Lewis and the pro- spective flowing of the Illinois strength to the Roosevelt column of delegates, the nomination of Franklin D. Roose- velt of New York, with or without the #brogation of the two-thirds rule, ap- pears to be more likely than at any time heretofore. This important break in the favorite son ranks occurred in circumstances to suggest an arrange- ment effected in advance and timed to ease the strain occasioned by the furious reaction to the proposal to abrogate the rule. If the figures of Manager Farley as to Roosevelt's strength are justified, the accession of & majority if not all of the Ilinois legation will carry the New York | Governor so close to the two-thirds line | that his nomination on the first ballot 1s a possibility. If there were such an arrangement as is now suspected for the transfer of the Illinois delegation from that State’s favorite son to the Roosevelt column, the decision of the Roosevelt manage- ment last Thursday night to move for the abrogation of the two-thirds rule was unnecessary and unwise. It was| particularly unwise in view of the ex- plicit statement made by Gov. Roose- velt in 1924, on the eve of the Madison Square Garden convention, when he de- clared for the preservation of the tra- ditional rule of the party, speaking then as one of the managers of the Smith candidacy for the nomination. Since Thursday night no word has been heard directly from Gov. Roosevelt on the score of the abrogation of the rule, though the dispatches from Chicago in- dicate that he has indorsed the move for its abzndonment. This willingness to | seek and to receive the nomination through. a change of rules at the eleventh hour before the balloting is certain to plague him as a candidate if he is nominated at Chicago. The two-thirds rule will Imdoub%dl}" be rescinded at some time or other. | perhaps at this convention. It was conceived in political chicane a hun- dred years ago to insure the nomination of Martin Van Buren for Vice President as the running mate of Andrew Jackson, who h2d been named in advance of the Baltimore convention by a caucus. It was continued without cpposition to govern in future conventions for many years, and was only challenged toward | the end of the century. Ii’has led to) several proracted contests for the nom- ination, in Baltimore in 1912, in San Francisco in 1920, and in New York in | 1924. It his caused great bitterness of fectional feeling. The States in the behalf of which it hes been retained | are coming to feel that it is a doubtful ascet. | The movement to change the rule of the party conventions should not be made as part of the movement for the nomination of a particular candi- date, should not be made without| warning in the course of the process | of sclecting a candidate for the imme- diate campaign. It is true that one ccnvention cannot make the rules for its successor. Each convention makes | its own rules. But a declaration by formal vote by this present convention ! to the effect that the majority rule| should hereafter prevail in the selection | of candidates for Pre-ident and Vice | President would undoubtedly have the | effect of committing the Democratic party to that procedure. Had the Roosevelt management at | Chicago proceeded on this line to de- | clare for the majority rule for the fu- | ture while accepting the two-thirds rule for the present convention, it wouid have been in a much stronger position than it is now. There could then have been no question of good | 1 a question which remains even | though a nomination by two-thirds is | now in prospect | .- eith, After ny years of patient pmmi—i nence Chicago has at last convinced the typical New Yorker that a journey to the Midwestern metropolis is not ing the same as a jaunt into ihe | - . Chicago professes to be broke, but according to some observers, the small town of Cicero, ncarby, has by industry 4 eco succeeded in keeping a little change in the corner of the cash register draver, Reducing Gas Rates. The last two reductions in gas rates | have been brought abcut on the initi- ative of the local management, with the proposed scales amended by the Public Utllities Commission. As Mr. Keech, the people’s counsel, points out in his petition to the commission urging an- other rate reduction, the previous cuts | in rates have been followed hy higher revenues and more business. The pres- ent rate of return is computed to be| excessive, as the word has been applied by the commission in connection with the return enjoyed by the Potomac Electric Power Co. The time is ripe, Mr. Keech argues, for another reduc- | diminishing and the depletion of their tion in rates and he asks that a hear- ing for that purpose be called. | there is no reason why a new reduc- head off a greater reduction had l‘hlhopluum-mymmunl move to reduce rates originated with sembled are bad. Sickness is sure to| the commission. The fact that rates|develop. The care of those who suc- were reduced in the relatively recent cumb to disease will be a grave prob- past, however, should not prevent the|lem. Who will face it? The District reopening of the question now. It is has no facilities for the care of such, believed that the obvious and correct 'numbers as are likely to require medi- course for the commission to follow now 'cal attention and nursing. will be to call the hearing and find out| An effort is now being made to ino- what further reductions can be made. |duce the marchers to return to thalr The fact that a large proportion of homes by means of transportation to, the gas-consuming population will suf-|be provided in case they express a wm-{ fer reduced income for the next fiscal|ingness to leave. All such offers are year under the Government’s economy | being rejected. This wrong-headed at- plans, and that there should be a|titude, due doubtless to unwise leader- corresponding reduction in rents and|ship, is alienating such sympathy as| other large items in the cost of living, has been evoked for them largely| makes Mr. Keech's request for this|through their orderly behavior up to hearing particularly timely. The cost this time, and their undeniable need of such an essential utility as gas for of succor. Many of them are now heating and cooking plays an impor- going about the city and the neighbor- tant part in reduced family budleu.lin‘ areas asking for aid, which cannot If Mr. Keech has stated the case cor-|be given without depriving those of rectly in his formal petition for a this region of the alms necessary for | hearing on rates, and if the facts '.hfl“‘_rub!u}lencpv who are in quite as urgent he advances are shown to be correct,| need as they. The hope is that when Congress ad- tion in gas rates should not be forth- | journs and all chance of legislation for THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. Two cynical old garden proverbs still have their human appeal. “A hedge between | Keeps friendship green.” ‘That's a good one! And here’s another: “Love thy meighbor, but pull not down thy hedge.” ‘These must have originated in Eng- 1and, where the hedge pla’s such a part in the national life. They point to the necessity for some reticence in life, as well as 12 a garden symbol of that wholesome lack eof too much familiarity. TR | “Familiarity breeds contempt.” | And a great deal more! The advantages of the self-evident boundary are legion. Even the birds love fences. A good hedge, or fence, or wall, will do its bit in keeping any friendship * green. It does this in both a physical and a mental way. Espzcially, one may feel, coming this Summer. e Inflated Rental Properties. There is one matter in connection with the rental situation in Washing- ton, now receiving the attention of in- terested Senators, that deserves more than the passing mention made of it This relates to the inflated value of some rental properties. Such inflation is advanced as one reason for high rents. The tenants, it is argusd, should not be made to pay rents baszd on fic- titious value or to furnish “adequate” return on investments that are based on fictitious value. Of course, they should not. But at the same time it is interest- ing to look for a moment into the con- ditions that permitted the incumbering sound value; what has happened to some of these properties and what has happened to the so-called gouging landlords who own them. “Inflation” of Washington real estate has been under discussion in Senate and House since the war, There have been recurrent investigations by Con- gress, by the Department of Justice, by the United States Attorney. Some of the investigations have been eminently worth while. A good many rascals have been sent to jail. A good many shady deals have been exposed. But if one considers the sort of in- flation usually spoken of in connection with the financing of apartment houses as the root of much of this evil, what has been done to kill the root? Practi- cally nothing. Since 1924 organized real estate men, bankers and others have been urging the enactment here of laws to prevent the sale of fraudu- lent securities, the licensing of real estate salesmen and brokers, the regulation of real estate securities. The latter pro- posal was designed to control the pyra- miding of trusts and values, skyrocket- ing of appraisals and much of the skull- duggery which today is being blamed fo: high rates. There was, naturally, much controversy over the form that these various laws should take. Senator Blaine sponsored a bill to which real estate men objected. But the long and short of it is that nothing has been done about the laws. The Senate passed two of them toward the close of the last session, but they were blocked in the House District Committee. At that time the chairman of the House Dis- trict Committee said something about doing something next session, appoint- ing a subcommittee and having an in- vestigation. Nothing has come of it and another session is about to end. It may be granted, however, that during the last year the opportunity for selling securities—good or bad—wes net ex- actly golden. Now, what has happened because of those inflated values? Some people are in jail. But they are not the “landlords” or owners of the buildings. A good many of the landlords have had their life savings taken away and are in far worse shape, financially, than the tenants who occupy the of properties by trusts in excess of | their relief is ended, the “army” will evacuate Washington. This will cer- tainly occur if reason prevails among | its members. If it does not the Federal Government will be faced with a diffi- | cult situation which may call for dras- tic action. —————— Wise King Prajadhipok. King Prajadhipok is still monarch {of all he surveys in Siam. He was ar- | rested, dethroned and held captive et | Bangkok last week, but yesterday he re- gained his scepter, a full-panoplied | constitutional ruler and apparently still | intrenched in the favor of his people. By a proclamation signed by his own hand, the King's powers are no longer absolute. He has legalized all the acts of the People’s party, under whose ban- ner the revolutionists took cver the gov- ernment last Friday. Prajadhipok also accepted the plan for a Siamese consti- | tution, and then his crown was replaced upon what is obviously a sage head. These kaleidoscopic events have oc- curred with a suddenness and effective- ness that almost suggest that they were of the King’s own fashioning. Such a reve- lation would be all the less surprising because of Prajadhipck’s ultra-modern views of government. Without waiting for the impcsed restraints of a constitu- tion, he had instituted democratic re- forms and systems which were consti- tutional in all but name. Siamese majesty thought the country was not cottoning fast enough to his twentieth century ideas of kingship and resorted to the ruse of a revolution against himself to hasten their adoption. At any rate, he has given the world an unprecedented demonstration of the fact that even a royal head can be “off again” and “on again.” Americans last year came to admire the mighty little sovereign of Siam. They will wish him long life and a prosperous reign in the constitutional robes he has now donned with such un- mistakable grace. S e Always a modest and courteous gen- tleman, Josephus Daniels is one of the men of distinguished war service who refrains from claiming mention among the numerous dark horses. The fact that a sea horse is a rather small zoological specimen should not prevent the former Secretary of the Navy from getting into the picture, —————— No one eligible to the vice presiden- tial nomimnaticn can equal the punctusi- ity record of Charles Curtls, who signified his willingness to serve early enough to have made it possible to orators and cheer clackers. - The song “Maryland, My Maryland” is said to have taken the tune of an transaction is too old to require credit to the copyright owners when the band is called on to pay special tribute to Gav. Ritchid : A A G LR Perhaps his | cave much time for the Republican | old German song, “Tannenbaum.” The | does the marked line serve to bring home to all concerned the necessity for ; mutual tolerance and forebearance. s % En It is well to love thy neighbor, as the commandments require, but “pull not| down thine hedge”; that is. keep up | that divine hedge of mutual respect for | one another which is the great safe-| guard of neighborly relations. | 8ince this life is a queer combination of the physical and the mental, of the | one merging into the other, with the| line nowhere straightly drawn, it | comes all the more necessary for| lines which no faculty can miss. { ‘Therefore, world over, especially in the isle called England, great rows of hedges, all sorts of hedges, thick, im- passable, have grown up, to set the boundaries of property and property. to | mark off “mine” from “thine” and | vice versa. | R One may think that this is done with a great deal of old-fashioned common sense. Just as there are walls to houses, so there should be walls to gardens, at least in a sense. Perhaps one of the main reasons many people fail to find the happiness and peace in- their gardens which they have read about is that the necessity for the marked boundary has escaped them. ‘This is all the more important, one may think, on the average place, which is scarcely an acre, or half acre, or even quarter acre, but one of the smallest | possible plots of ground on which a modern home may be butlt. * % % % Every amateur should read a few English garden books, they are so dif- ferent from our own. One of the chief things which will | strike him is the comparatively large | scale upon which they must garden over there. A flower garden of an acre is noth- | writers talk. A few acres of fruit trees offer but a “pleasing small orchard,” while they seem to think nothing much of acres in vegetables. z All these, of course, simply as small gardens, not as truck farms, as we tend to call them over here. FE s € It is & regrettable thing, in this country, that land values have risen so high that the average man, if liv- near a great city, is compelled to take a house on a 40 or 50 foot lot. The honest truth is that neither is wide enough. The ideal would be nearer 100 feet, and even that is not enough. ‘Whatever the width, however, a good hedge, fence or wall is an essential to good living. Many homeowners do n« CHICAGO OB ot seem to' CHICAGO, I, June 27-—Franklin D. Roosevelt’s nomination for President on not later than the second ballot, | Senator Walsh’s defeat of Jwett\ Shouse for the permanent chairman- ship, and a neck-and-neck race on abolition of the two-thirds rule were the shining prospects as the Democratic ! National Convention cleared for action | today. Roosevelt control of the situa- | tion” is absolute on everything except | the two-thirds proposition. On that the Governor's managers seemed -lm‘ | to have a strenglehold up to a late hour | yesterday, But as the zero hour ap- | proached this morning heavy defections | in the otherwise serried Roosevelt ranks | human beings to set up self-evident ing at all, to listen to their garden | 82! TRACEWELL. have thought of the boundary in that light. 'Thcy insist on blaiting about “park- to borhoods, without once stopping | think that only animals, not humanso early. beis live in parks. :‘;lrk is a commune, and if there is any one fact which seems certain it is that the Anglo-Saxon tempera- ment, whether displayed in English or American models, is not enthusiastic about such sharing. “Every Englishman's home is his ‘What a proud old motto it was, and The entire psychology of a nation is there wrap) up in & few words. The very manner of speech of its people proclaims the same sturdy self- reliance. L The shrubby hedge has been writ- ten about often, but seldom will one find these aspects of it discussed with frankness. Let us remember that a hedge be- tween keeps friendship green, or at least from souring altogether; let us love our neighbors as ourselves—if pos- sible—but not pull down our hedges, or, what is worse, fail to plant them when we want them. ‘There is nothing nicer around a place than a good hedge — one with stickers on it preferred. Nor need privet and barberry con- stitute the entire list of materials used. ‘There are a host of other shrubby things available, including the old-time buckthern, or Rhamnus, with its yel- low flowers, and gorgeous thorns. Thorns have a piace in the world, 00. ’ On the other hand, one may have little sympathy with the esthetic move- ment on foot in some circles to depre- cate the use of privet and barberry. The too prevalent use of any plant. for any particular purpose, seems to rub a certain type of gardener distinct- ly the wrong way. He ups and foams at the mouth. “Hideous hedges of Suburbia!” roars. he * ok * % The quality of the hedge which is one of its chief features is the very one which arouses his ire. It is too neat! Here the honest gardener, who at- tempts to garden without hypocrisy, as he tries to live his life without it, be- gins to flounder. How s it possible for an one to find fault with anything for being itself? hedges, properly grown and kept, are surely neat. In this they reflect the best spirit of man-made communities called sub‘irbs. A certain amount of order is essential and the good hedge gives this order as few other things do. ‘Well-kept streets, parkways, lawns, homes—these do _their appropriate shares, but neat hedges, fences and walls also do theirs and occupy no sub- ordinate position in the happ; aggre- te. The only explanation of the state of mind of those who pretend to frown upon suburban hedges because most ple have them (or would like to ave them) is to be found in the fallacy that extensive sharing of any thing somehow renders it common in the worst sense of the word. If this were really true, none of us would breathe or walk along the roads, because the air is shared by all living vertebrates the world over, and no one refuses to ride along a highway because other people ride there, too. The cult of the marked boundary, once so widespread, underwent a de- cline, but there are indications every- where that it is coming into its own again, “Love thy neighbor, but pull not down thy hedge.” Similarly, “A he between keeps friendship green.” And how! as the youngsters say. SERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. that the stage is set for an old-fash- ioned Democratic knockdown and drag- out before the week is over. * x K % Voteless Washington—voteless at election time, if not at convention time —bagged the choice piaces in the Chi- cago Stadium, the ladies and gentlemen from the disfranchised district of Co- lumbia—12 in all, with a half vote each—are planted in the first row im- mediately in front of the speakers’ plat- form. Probably they owe their point of vantage to that potent member of the delegation, 1. Arthur O'Brien, who is prominent in the National Com- mittee high command. | they should be thoroughly atred. ‘The King of Siam was prepared to landle th ht bulldings that these landlords thought| . o0 iees) with philosophic eatm. they owned. The landlords may be individuals who invested in bonds, or they may be insurance companies, tak- ! ing the property by process of fore- | closure that wiped out equities of other owners. But the ones who bear most of the blame are the promoters who had no embarrassing legal restraint on their activities during the boom times of prosperity and who found Wash- ington, unlike the surrounding States, an ideal field for easy pickings. By all means, if the charges placed before the Senate District Committee relating to gouging landlords are true, popular desire to have him back in poiitical prominence before any great time has elapsed ——— With a very extensive reform program on hand, the democracy may decide to cpen up by way of prelude with a blow at the aged but still vigorous two- thirds rule. b s SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Abbreviation. In international affairs We note a form that wit must show, As learned statesmanship prepares To manage debts of long ago. ————— Genius for small detail is shown by statesmen in convention, who with bil- lions of dollars awaiting economic | discucsion, devote their attention to His attitude may be rewarded by a/ set in, indicating that Democracy hesi- | tates to break with its century-old Jack- | sonian tradition. There was even an ominous suggestion that the New York- er's attempt to scrap it had caused seri- ous inroads in his nomination sf:{enFflh. This is firmly denied by James A. Far- ley, colonel )ln chief of the Roosevelt |sign now availeble, the Democrats are Rough Riders, He claims in cocksure about to be plunged into political | accents that ho can and will put his|thunder and lightning, which also is i man over, two-thirds or no two-thirds, | due to wind up wet. It may be re- probably on the first ballot, and posi- |marked, In this damp connection, that tively on the second. | the two-thirds squabble has completely kWK ‘backed prohibition off the convention | map. History - will record that it was Sen- ator James Hamilton Lewis' dramatic withdrawal from the presidential ra that drove the first breach in the Roose: * ok ok % After two weeks of faultless conven- tion weather Chicago last night rocked with a violent thunder and lightning storm which ended in a drenching rain. e ward of 1500 delegates, owing to the velt opposition wall. It is the strategy | system of giving many delegations half of the Governor's allied antagonists t0 land quarter votes. One nationally hold the favorite son coalition together | known Democrat describes himself as and throw the nomination to a dark | if any politiclan could sink lower. horse, Ritchie, Garner, Traylor or | * X ox % Baker loom as the heir to such a con- | Roocevelt will be nominated by John tingency. With favorite-son delegations | g “ngack of New York, seconded, in now ready to disintegrate, the Stop- grder, by Mrs. Greenaway of Arizona, a Roosevelt movement is in acknowledged | cclioge mate of Mrs. Roosevelt: Homer The elements were prophetic. By every | Officially there are only 1,154 votes' in the Democratic convention, but up-| long enough to deadlock the convention | “a quarter of an alternate,” and asks| fracticns in considering the votes required to nominate. ———— The “Bonus Army” Problem. A strange psychology prevails among Washington. They persist in their decla- ration that they are going to remain until tney get the bonus. It is ob- vious that they cannot possibly get it by action at this present session of Con- gress, which is about to close. Unless Congress is summoned in extra session to complete work that may be left un- done in the direction of balancing the budget by effecting economies in the Federal administration or in enacting relief legislation there will be no op- portunity for a further consideration of the bonus question until December. It i= almost certain that at least five months must elapse before the petition of the veterans for relief through the enactment of bonus legislation can be reconsidered, having been already de- nied by the overwhelming vote of the Senate. “We are here and we are going to stay,” say the leaders of these men, who have been brought to Washington by the beguiling assurances of a few mem- | bers of Congress thet they would secure for them bonus legislation at this session There is no public provision for their sub- sistence. They have thus far been kept 'in food through subscriptions of indi- ! viduals.. Those subscriptions are now treasury is soon to come. No appropri- ation has been made by Congress for So involved has the commission -be- come in its legal tangle with the gas ship and outside control that the rate | made. the bonus marchers who are now in| their keep and none is likely to be The District has no funds for companies over the matter of owner- this purpose and none will be provided. Acute suffering is certain to result| George Washington to me,” said Uncle Henry J. A new relationship we see As the accounts we're going through. What we once thought was “C. O. D.” Time petrified as “I. O. U.” Distributing the Glory. “Why are you so strongly opposed to | the two-thirds rule in a convention.” “It seems to me,” Sorghum, “that it doesn't give the favorite sons a proper chance to give the home folks a thrill.” Jud Tunkins says he has seen a delegate waving a banner in enthusiastic | salutation and wishing all the while it | was a palm leaf fan. Unmistakable Sincerity. When many doubts arise That orator we see With gratified_surprise Who says, “I am for Me!” An Objection. “What's your objection to prohibi- tion?” “There ain’t enough of it,” answered Uncle Bill Bottletop. “It ought to be made to mean all kinds of includin’ pootleg.” “Historic greatness,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “can await only those whose words and deeds can survive being misunderstood.” Postal Valuation, | A little more on postage to | O, let us all consistently aspire To make each missive worth the extra cent! spent. “Ancther thing dat reccmmends issue has been somewhat eclipsed. The' from this determination to remain in Eben, “is dat in addition to be a grand o reduction made by the management a Washington until s bonus law s boss, he was ready to step forward :‘e:\;y territ: ménths ago may have served to enacted. Already sanitary conditions hisself as a willin' woodchopper.” strain his answered Senator | licker, | To send a letter it will very scon require | disarray. Many delegations committed to favorite sons, like that of Illinois, are | saturated with Roosevelt second-choice strength. This is notably the case with Jim Reed's Missouri delegation. Once | these States begin to waver in their al- | legiance as the roll call proceeds, the | Smith-Hague anti-Roosevelt phalanx fears the worst. “It will be the signal | for the band wagon to get in motion | and then the deluge. | ok ok ow | If they could undo one single mlng[ upon which they embarked with high | hope at Chicago, the Roosevelt man- | agers would undoubtedly renounce their | plan to upset the two-thirds rule. It has aroused a storm of wholly unexpect- | ed ferocity. The final vote on it in the | convention tomorrow, unless the Rough | Riders abandon the program, will dis- clcse the Democratic party in bitter strife. The South, threatened with ex- tinction of its historic veto power, 1§ articularly bellicose mood. Largely under the leadership of Senator Pat Harrison, Dixle delegations like those | of Mississippi, Ncrth Carolina and Al bama register angry hostility to scu tling a party practice that has served the Democrats for a hundred years. The Rooseveltians’ alibi that they seek mere- ly to entrone majority instead of “mi- nority” rule is not proving to be very convincing. It doss not remove t.be; suspicion that their scheme is conceived in their candidate’s personal interest or banish the belief that the Rough Rid- ers want a majority nomination because they are not sure of a two-thirds nomi- nation. Joe Tumulty, Wocdrow Wilson's g)lmul executor, makes & notable con- | ibution to the controversy. He re- veals that the World War President | spurned the suggestion of friends, prior to the Baltimore convention, to nomi- nate nim by killing the two-thirds rule. Wilson declared that if named as a re- sult of such an abrogation, he would | decline the nomination. - W President Hoover has a scout at the ! Democratic convention, that battle-scar- red G. O. P. veteran, former Senator of Kansas. Allen breezed ' unobtrusively into Chicago last night and iptly to work to spy out the ory. He contrived to re- emotions when he discovered of Connecticut and Senator Dill of Washington, Alabama and Arkansas will do the necessary alpha- betical ylelding, at the outset of the roll call, to get Gov. Roosevelt’'s name be- fore the convention without delay. * ok * % Power talk is all over the convention. ‘The Rooseveltians say the dark-horse Baker opposition, always in the back- ground of possibilities, is a power man- euver to defeat the New York Gov- ernor. A well known anti-power Demo- crat fumes that Chicago this week will prove whether power or the people prevail in America. e The Radio Report. Prom the Des Moines Tribune. Advertising cannot be eliminated trom radio programs in this country withou: destroying the present system of broadcasting, the Radio Commission has reported to the Senate. It should not have taken—and prob- ably did not take—much cogitation to discover that. Members of the Radio Commission disagree as to whether advertising in radio programs can be limited (not prohibited) under existing law. The majority thinks it can’t. Other parts of the commission’s Te- port had to do with the probable cost of substitution a system of Government- owned brond:guunu{’ stations for the exist! private stations. Anm:! this traces back, of course, to criticisms of “commercialized” radio by various groups. Nothing in particular is going to be done now. Any radical change is un- likely in the near future. It probable that dissatis- ction with advertising in radio broad- casts will be gradually dealt with by the radio industry itself. Effectiveness of radio advertising depends on pleased audiences. The radio people will be as keen to keep them pleased as anybody will be. d al in the background there will be the fact that radio ting lim! natural resource— the broad wave band. The lead- ers of the industry are fully alive to The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. CHICAGO, June 26.—Whatever the | iplan of the Roosevelt Democrats with regard to the abolition of the old two- | thirds rule for presidential nominations | like” treatments of residential neigh-|in Democratic National Conventions, it | was not intended to explode the bomb But at a Roosevelt gather- ing here last Thursday night, attended by Roosevelt leaders from every State and the other political divisions, the demand for majority rule cropped out in the debate and would not down. Even James M. Farley, the Roosevelt generalissimo, who sought to shelve the issue for $he time being, was unable to |do so. He tried to have the question |3ent to & committee for consideration. The meeting decided otherwise, and the | geuntlet was thrown down to the | Smith and favorite-son coalition. Gov. | Roosevelt himself, it may be set down | | correctly, knew nothing of the upris- |ing among his followers against the two-thirds rule until the following day. Opposition to the abolition of the two-thirds rule was supposed to be cen- tered particularly in the South. The Southern States, it was constantly averred, wished to be able to place a veto against the name of any candidate for the Democratic presidential nom- ination who might be inimical to their section of the country. But what hap- pened at the meeting of Roosevelt lead- ers here? The demand for immediate action against the two-thirds rule was sponsored by Southerners, aided and abetted by Western Democratic leaders. Senator Hull of Tennessee was strong for the adoption of majority rule. Sen- ator Huey Long of Louisiana was im- passioned in his plea for immediate ac- tion, and so on down the line. * k% As a matter of fact, the two-thirds rule in the last dozen years has oper- ated strongly against the Southern Democrats and those of the West. What happened in 192072 James M. Cox of Ohio, candidate of the anti-Bryan and anti-McAdoo Demoerats, was nom- inated, & wet with the political training of the big cities, In 1924, the North and East again ran over the South and West, defeating McAdoo. Had there been a majority rule he might have won when he came close to the majority figure. Four years later, in 1928, the South stood helpless to veto the nom- ination of Alfred E. Smith, although the Democrats of that section devoutly hoped his defeat might be accomplished. Smith was nominated, and the result was the Democrats lost four of the States they had been carrying for gen- erations, Texas, Virginia, Florida and North Carolina, and all of the “border States.” So the Southern Democrats have been themselves this year just why they should stick to the old two-thirds rule, which has apparently given the Democracy of the great cities of the East the whip hand in Demo- cratic National Conventions. ‘This is not true of all the Southern Democrats. But most of those who are protesting against the adoption of a majority rule in the Democratic Nation- al Convention are backers of one of the favorite-son candidates, like Senator Glass of Virginia and Senator Connally of Texas. These Southerners predict dire consequences if the two-thirds rule be abrogated, but apparently are not supported by the great majority of the delegates from the Southern Sates, * k% % Although Gov. Roosevelt was not per- sonally involved in the launching of the two-thirds rule fight last Thursday, once he was informed of the resolution adopted by his followers the Governor declared himself “in.” When some of the more timid of the Roosevelt grouj sought to back-track on the issue ft was the Governor who gave encourage- ment to those who wished to go ahead and fight the issue out. of the Roosevelt leaders look to the - tion of the majority rule, and then | nomination of ‘Gov. Roosevelt by such an overwhelming vote as to the New Yorker across a winner wflne- fourths or even & nine-tenths vote on the first ballot. Such a vote, they say, will be sufficient answer to those who may charge he was not nominated r the two-thirds rule. * % % % ‘The only time when the abolition of jthe two-thirds rule of the Democrats | for nominating a lential candidate is feasible or le is when a major- ity of the delegates vention favor one candidate. | cbvicus that if the delegates are so di- i vided in their allegiance that none of the candidates can command a ma- jority, favorable action on a majority rule is not likely. The Rocsevelt Demo- | crats, believing they contirol a majority | of the delegates, have taken the bull by the horns. They believe they are do- ing the gl-ny a real service by tying a can to the two-thirds rule, which has caused so much trouble in Demoeratic conventions during a century. * X ¥ x Roosevelt supporters were incensed by the statement issued on his arrival here by Prank Hague, mayor of Jersey City and Smith floor manager, that “Roosevelt cannot win if nominated.” They point out thet Hague did not say that any of the other opponents of Smih “‘cannot win,” not even “Alfalfa Bill” Murray of Oklahoma. So they dug up sorge of the sayings of Demo- crats of other times, assailing Tilden and Cleveland, when they were candi- dates for the presidency as a proof that the Tammany crowd have been wrong in their estimates of popular strength of presidential candidates, in- cluding Roosevelt. For example, in 1876, when Tilden was a candidate for the presidential nomination at the Democratic National Convention in St. Louis, John Kelly said: “Tilden cannot by any possibility carry the State of New York.” Tilden carried New York in that year. In 1884, at the Demo- cratic National Convention in Chicago, Thomas F. Grady said: “I know Mr, Cleveland cannot carry the State of New York.” In that year Cleveland carried carried New York State and was elected President. Again a similar prophecy was made in 1892 at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago, by Richard Croker, who said: “Mr Cleveland’s nomination would ex- pose the Democratic party to the loss of the electoral vote of New York State.” Yet in spite of the prediction | made by the Tammany boss, Cleveland in that year carried New York State and was again elected President. The Rooseveltians insist that the Tammany leaders, with whom Mr. Hague is sup- posed to be allied, are not worth their £alt when it comes to political predic- tions outside Manhattan, the Bronx and Brooklyn. * k% % William Gibbs McAdoo. Secretary of the Treasury in the Wilson adminisira- tion and director general of the rail- roads during Government control, virile figure today, despite the passage of the years. He looks and acts like a young man. He is planning a real come- back into political life this year, a can- didate for the Senate in California and a receptive candidate for & presidential nomination, should the fates be unkind to Gov. Roosevelt and bring about & deadlock in the national convention. However, Mr. McAdoo might prove no more palatable to the interests and the leaders opposing the New York Gov- ernor than is Roosevelt himself. It is more and more becoming evident at this gathering of the Democratic hosts thet cne p of majority is to de- throne Alf: Smith as titular head of the party. They intend that when this convention is over Mr. Smith shall have no large part in the national organization. For that reasom, if for no other, a great many Democrats intend to defeat the former New York Gover- nor on every issue he is supporting. If the fight to defeat Roosevelt were suc- cessful, Smith, as the central figure in the opposition to Roosevelt, would con- tinue to loom large on the political horizon. e Plurals and Pantaloons. From the Dayton Daily News. Tailors predict changes trouscrs. You'll notice changes, not change. men'’s in they sald a calm | 'Take advantage of this free service. |If you are one of the thousands who | have patronized the bureau, write us again. If you have never used the service, begin now. It is maintained for your benefit. Be sure to send your name and address with your question and inclose 3 cents in coin or stamps for return tage. Address The Eve- ning Star Information Bureau, Fred- Q. Who is considered the greatest cyclist?—C. W. C. ‘Transcontinental runs were origi- nated by motor cycle riders. The first was “Cannonball” Baker, who went |from Los Angeles to New York in 8 days 21 hours and 16 minutes. This record was repeatedly broken by Baker. It now is 6 days 15 hours, and held by Allan Bedell, riding a Henderson. Al- though shorn of that mark, Baker holds almost all the other endurance records, and is ranked by many as the greatest motor cycle rider of all time. Q. Where was auction bridge first played?—N. A. L. A. Auction bnd:e originated in India. The first record of it is found in a let- ter, published in the London Times January 16, 1003, outlining the game, and referring to it as “the new game of auction bridge for three players.” Q- What school is owned by P.E.O? A. Cottey Junior College, at Nevada, Mo., is owned and administered by the organization. Q. How far were ashes distribuf in the eruption of Krakatoa?—W. I. A. In the Summer of 1883 an erup- tion occurred on the small volcanic Is- land of Krakatoa, in the Sunda Strait, whose effects were far-reaching. The finer particles of the volcanic dust, at- taining the higher layers of the atmos- phere, were diffused over a large part of the surface of the earth. Within the tropics they were borne along by air currents at a rate of 73 miles an hour from East to West, until within a period of six weeks they were diffused over nearly the whole space between lati- tudes 30° North and 45° South. Eventu- ally they spread northward and south- ward and were carried over North and South America, Europe, Asia, South Africa and Australia. Q. Is Herbert Hoover the thirtieth or thirty-first President of the United States?—F. W. A. He is the thirty-first President, but only thirty men have been Presi- dent. Grover Cleveland served two terms, which were not consecutive, so his name appears twice in a list of Presidents. Q. When and where was the first mile determined?—H. W. A. The word mile is derived from | the Latin mille, meaning thousand. A Roman mile was 1,000 paces, and from it the modern statute mile has been developed. Q. Is it possible to take under- graduate work with the Mayo brothers? —G. H. M. A. They offer only post-graduate 1 | motor A. ted . When did the first native u(;o- . Please publish how “To Preserve usband.”—M. E. A. Be careful in your selection; do not choose too young, and take Tander ond st a y garnishing them with patience, well sweetened with smiles and flavored with kisses. Then wrap them in a mantle of charity, keep warm with a steady fire of domestic . hard and sometimes bitter. eDrlch. Haskin, Director, Washington, | varieties may be made sweet, T. BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. , devotion and serve with peaches and cream. When thus prepared they will | keep for years. | Q. What color Bunt will make a | room lightest?—A. D. O. | 'A. The Bureau of Standards says that white paint will give the lightest | room, and light tints will give more | light than dark tints or solid colors, | Q. Who is the oldest man drawing a pension from the Government?—S. T. | " A. Mark Thrash, & colored man in | Chickamauga, Ga., is the oldest. He is | now 111 years of age, and was for many | years caretaker at the Chickamaugs | National Cemete: Q. What is the derivation of the ex- pression namby-pamby?—P. A. L. A. It was a diminutive radu{)llta!lnr of the name of Ambrose Phillips, a: English writer of sentimental verse. Q. Has Confucianism been abolished in China?—F. R. | A. Confucianism was principally fol- | lowed in China preceding the establish. ment of the republic. After the repub- | lic was formed, in 1912, the relation be- |tween heaven and the Emperor, upon | which the government was based, was | abandoned, and Confucianism ceased to be a state system, although certain | practices have survived. Religious tol- | erance was granted in the new constitu. | tion of China, and Confucianism, after | having been for over 2,000 years & dom- inant state system, takes it place as one of the cults of China. | Q. How should an old black-walnut cnest of drawers be refinished?—V, S | _A. A modern practice is to remove the coats of paint, smooth the wood and apply raw linseed oil. Q. Was the Dykeman House in New York City, which is now a museum, built as a city house or country house? | _A. It is an eighteenth century farm | house. It was erected between 1783 and | 1785 by Willlam Dykeman and present- ed to the city in 1915 by his two de- | scendants, Mrs. Bashford Dean and Mrs. "Alexu:der Macmillan Welch. Q. ;{ow is Melba toast made?— A. Cut stale bread in very thin slices. Arrange in dripping pan and bake in | a slow oven (325 degrees Fahrenheit) | until thoroughly dried out and deli- | cately brown. Q. How is soaring accomplished in & glider?—W. W. A. Soaring consists of taking ad- | vantage of rising air currents along a | hill or ridge under certain clouds er along the shores of large bodies of | water and riding these air currents for | altitude and distance. | % x;llow fast do dogwood trees grow? A. While numerous factors affect the rate of growth, it seems that dogwoods |in natural stands may take as much as 15 to 20 years to make an inch of growth. Those individuals growing in | openings in better situations will prob- |ably reach one inch in diameter, 42 feet from the ground in 7 to 10 years. Q. How many total eclipses of the sun are there in 100 years?—M. J. m:. There nremnn average of 66 total r eclipses a century, but full balf of these are unfavorable to ob. serve because their tracks are in high l:aumhg;: or Bo;\.ot.hm“l 1l‘lmudel or lie eans. eclipses are not so frequent in the same localities; for in- stance, in the United States they oec- curred in 1900, 1918, 1923 and 1925 After the eclipse of August 31, 1932, there will not be another suitable for observation in this country during th twentieth century. Q. Is there a school in the Capitol ;!or"uu Senate and House p‘m.’i‘( the terrace of the House wln:ms’):d &.; Brovenis e rom wianding pusi blic school, are tutored. il To Luck The rescue of the transatlantic fiyer Stanislaus Pelix Hausner, who was at- tem) to reach Warsaw, Poland, will always considered one of the mir- acles of aviation history. But there is a tendency on the part of the to discourage repetitions of -dv.m of such a llhl':"!. “prnnyoldmmfl une has been folled again and an victim has slipped from his clutches,” is the way the Columbus, Ohio, State Journal the fact that Hausner “ alive was seemingly due more largely to luck than to ability. His flop proves nothing except that flying across the Atlantic is no soft snap, even if a wom- an did once do it avers this paper. On the other hand, the Cleveland News is of the opinion that “when the whole story is told it will be revealed that foresight and bulldog courage saved Hausner's life. The whole world re- Joices in this thrilling rescue at sea, the second within a month,” calling atten- tion to the preparations for the flight, and noting that it was “a miracle not | without its common-sense angles.” The | News states: “Pilot Hausner didn’t gam- ! ble all on came through in him a week with careful husbanding. His Ei.-ne was equipped with gas tanks that i became pontoons when their contents + were emptied and the plane struck the | | water. Furthermore, Hausner was pos- sessed of a never-say-die spirit that en- #bled him to cling to the partially sub- i merged wreck in the face of disheart- | “Contempiating th emplating the odds against Haus- ner, the Boston 'n.mcnfn remarks: “The lost in such accidents greatly out- number the saved. But now and then ,news of the day as it relates such an| j adventure as that which has now be- | fallen the young man who undertook to fly from New York to Warsaw.” Reck- oning as “outstanding” in the whole | story “the unwavering faith of Ms‘ young wife in the airman’s ability to| | save himself,”" the Rockford Register- ‘R:Ipu:nc drenord.s: e When all others | ndones hoge, she cl tenaciously | to the belief he had not p perished, x)t; is easy to imagine the great joy and | relief news of his rescue must have | brought to this courageous, stout- | hearted wife.” “Hausner can be thank- | ful that his plane did not sink, that eather prevailed over several | days and that he finally drifted into| sight of the British tanker,” says the Scranton Times, as it notes: “By many, Hausner’s flight was considered fool- hardy. His plane was not believed capable of standing the severe test of | & transatlantic fiight, while his experi- | (ence as a fiyer and navigator was { limited. Yet his ambition to fly from | New York to Warsaw drove him on, | Just as other fiyers who started out but never came back were impelled to make | venturesome trips in the hope of winning fame and reward.” Discussing this phase of man's na- | ture, the Portland Oregon Journal com- | ments: “It is impossible to fathom | the intrepidicy of man. Hold before | him the seemingly impossible, and the struggle to achieve it immediately be- gins. For the dauntless its who have attempted to reach the North Pole, the Arctic is a vast cemetetry without an | epitaph. In numerous instances the | challenge of the Atlantic to airmen, es- | pecially to make the flight eastward, has | been fatal to the efforts and hopes of | men, has always come through perilous groping,” affirms this paper. “Civilization rests upon sacrifice. The Hausners and the rs who have gone down to the sea in airships, especially the many who went and never came back, are the proof. The failures are are worth -lmmi distressing, but. nmnfi'w-l#‘unuw describes the happening, and it thinks | 'Hausner Rescue Credited Rather Than Skill They show the weak points in the fiyer’s mh‘x‘ne and in his plans and calcula- But some papers, among them the Baltimore Sun, condemn the continued transoceanic attempts. Says the Sun: “No ‘selentific’ excuse or even poetic anlflam be invol i | } can 1 any longer ] these explolts. The heavy expenses the strain and anxiety placed | upon relatives and friends of :L fiyers and the sheer pi lessness of the ex- | ploit have been added to pointless repe- ! titlon to make the adventure seem not | only wasterful but stupid. Hausner, his |life_saved, is a lucky man; but the | public would also enjoy & break if with | his rescue came a long, rest from | ccean hops.” So speaks also the Daytor Daily News, which thinks that “Haus- | ner’s spectacular escape should discour- |age such stunt flights in future, It | stood one chance in a thousand, and teo many times the outcome has been in | keeping with the odds,” declares this :pflfi:. | ese odds are numerous and power- | ful, asserts the Altoona Mirror, point- |ing’ out that while, “when an aviator u | | men in the world,” the Mirror contin- “While the fiyer must be skilled and possess iron courage, there is an element of luck that must not be e looked in such a voyage. Favoral winds and favorable weather contribute largely to the success of such an under- taking. Unless one who essays an over- | ocean flight encounters good f1 ditions, the outcome is always doubtful.” | As for his experiences, the Providence Bulletin does not wonder that “h | ues: there will be an added thrill in lm;doesn't feel like talking about it.” P i A Back to Gold? From the Hartford Daily Times. ‘The report of the League of Nations gold delegation in support of a uni- versal gold standard as the “best avail- able monetary mechanism” is signifi- cant chiefly for its frank recognition that the best standard is facing condi- tions which have made it unworkable to some extent. It is important that fact should be faced by all natioms. Theoretically it has been quite gen- erally agreed that gold is the best basis for money. It was the gravitation of this metal into a few national treas- uries, prineipally those of the United States and France, that created diffi- culty for other countries who deal ir the international market. It has been interesting to observe how England has operated with “man- aged money,” after glnl off the gold standard last Fall. the background the exchequer has steadied the pound sterling by the use of a $250,000,000 blanket credit voted by Parliament with which he has bought and sold securities which regulated the gold flow with ref- erence to the British treasury. In er words, although Britain is off the gold standard it mwd of has money with manipulation its, nevertheless. This was possible be- cause the United States and France are still on the gold basis. Should these two countries also t money” as their monetary means of ex- change, it would be very much more difficult to port. and yet it is very important that a way out of the present monef confusion be found the mind pledged m.“‘ u;h;vcnolu—n-nd nations have yet developed.