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THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. May 7, 1932 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star New;p‘pq Company Business Office: 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. | New York Office: 110 d 8t Ghicaro Office: Lake Michican Bullding. ropean Office’ 14 Regent &.. London, i Englan Rate by Carrier Within the City. i;‘& per month i‘m per month -65¢ per month Orders may be sent in by mail ephone e NAtional 5000, i Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. ily and Sunday.....1yr.. $10.00: 1 mo.. §5¢ ly onls L.1¥r., $6.00: 1mo.. S0c Bunday only . 1 $4.00: 1 mo., 40¢ All Other States and Canada. aily and Sunday. 2ily only nday only 5¢ Jlyr $500: 1mol 50 Member of the Associated Press, The Associated Press is exclusively entitled o the use for republication of all news dis- atches credited to it or not otherwise cred- ted in this paper and also the local news publishied herein. ~ All rights of publication of special dispatches herein also reserved. pash “For the People.” President Hoover has appealed di- rectly to the people of the United States to support his demand that leg- islation to balance the budget be enacted without further delay. The people, the interested parties in the present crisis, affecting not only their Government, but the whole financial credit of the Nation, will back the President. The Congress has listened too long to the lobbyists of special in- terests and groups, to the proxhptlng! of supposedly political interest. It is time it listened to the people. If the Congress has become deaf to the mur- mur of the people, so much the worse for the Congress. 1In his appeal to the people the Chief Executive insisted that the lssue in- volved—the balancing of the budget and maintenance of financial stability—is not partisan. Nor should it be. Some of the Democrats in Congress have undertaken to interject politics, criti- cising the President, making it evident that they felt the pinch of the shoe which they have been forced to wear. The plain truth of the matter is, and there is no disguising it. that the legis- lation to balance the budget has not been put through, but that it has been delayed until the country has lost still further confidence, particularly in its National Legislature. The President went further and said that the present issue is not a contro- versy between the President and the Congress or its members. Nor should it be. The President and the Congress should work together to bring about the raising of needed revenue and the reduction of governmental expendi- tures. The law-making power, the power to levy taxes and appropriate for governmental expenditures, lies in the hands of the Congress, however, and it must make use of that power if the country is to be protected in the pres- ent crisis. And finally the President has said that the issue is of the people against delays and destructive legislation which impair the credit of the United States; that it is an issue between the people and the “locust swarm of lobbyists who haunt the halls of Congress seeking selfish privilege for special groups.” The people today will ask again, as they have for weeks and months, why they must continue to Wwait for the legislation needed to balance the gov- ernmental budget, to restore confidence in the finances of the Government it- self. Why they must wait while the “log rollers” in committee and out of it make and unmake combinations to force into the revenue bill and the “economy bill" items that will benefit particular groups or sections of the country; why they must wait while lobbyists for this or that special inter- est hold jubilant gatherings in the cor- ridors of the Capitol as the reports of committee action are flashed to them. Another President of the United States, the late Woodrow Wilson, de- livered a scourging attack upon the lobbyists who infested the Capitol. The Senate appointed a Lobby Committee, which threw the fear of publicity into the lobbyists and the light of day on their activities. President Hoover has called attention of the country again to the situation at the Capitol. The special interest and the lobbyist are successful only when the people are ignorant of their activities and the purposes for which they move. It is time that every one should realize again that the Government of the United States is “for the people.” The voters in November will have an opportunity to demonstrate that the Government is “by the people.” Gaston Means' experience, as nar- rated by hi: 1, in the miscued restitu- tion of a hundred thousand dollars to his benevolent employer, demonstrates that the number eleven is not as lucky now as it used to be in the days when “policy” was widely played — ——— President Doumer. Here In the United States, where at sassins have laid low three of our Chi Magistrates, we know how to sympa- thize with Prance y In the grief into wh the murder of President Doumer has plunged her. He has met death as his predecessor, M. Sadi-Car- not, did in 1894, and as our own mar- tyred Linco'n, Garfield and McKinley met it Yesterday's tragedy at Paris impress- s peoples and governments afresh with gheir helplessness against the insane vagaries of fanatics who seek by politi- cel assassination to right the fancled wrongs of nations. The crazy “White” Russian, Gorgouloff, let his anti-Bol- shevist passions inflame him into be- lleving that the Prench and American governments are comniving with the Soviet authorities at Moscow to keep “national Russia” in Communist sub- jugation. The taker of President Dou- mer’s life proclaims himself a “Facist” and from his prison cell ranis his “love” for Musso'ini and Hitler. The fevered brains of Wilkes Booth, Guiteau | and Czolgosz were fired by kindred de- mentia when they wrote their names in the scroll of infamy in this country. Paul Doumer was the thirteenth President of Prance—perhaps supersti- tious souls will read omen in that nu- mflm circumstance. He was gomplet- ing Bis first year at the Elysed'Palace, 1yr,$12.00: 1 mo. $1.00| 1yr. $8.00: 1mo. the French,White House, having been elected to the presidency only last June —|in that surprise balloting which sud-|should reverse itself and include the denly eliminated Aristide Briand from the contest. It is a tragic coincidence that the two rivals should have joined the Great Majority within & period of two months. A statesman of modesty, sagacity and conservatism, President Doumer's ele- vation to the highest office in the re- public promised France an administra- tion that would have served it well in the stormy days of the present and those to come. Under the constitution the French presidency is subordinated in actual authority to that of the pre- miership, but it is by no means a dead letter. 1In those recurring cabinet crises of which the Prench are so fond the personality of the President is al ways an important factor. Paul Dou- mer was endowed by experience, age and temperament with admirable fac- ulties for the Chief Executiveship. On that account, no less than because of the shocking manner in which his life has been forfeited, his death kindles the compassion of the whole world. America stands bowed in sorrow at his bier. Preventing Inhuman Treatment. To the Federal employe, who since the beginning of the wave of Federal budget balancing economy has felt that the greater part of the burden will descend upon him either through drastic salary cut or loss of employ~ ment, there is comforting reassurance in the President’s special message to Congress. And there is still hope that | through more considerate action Con- gress will achieve the ends of economy without inflicting the disastrous blow on Federal personnel that still is threatened. “With the reduction proposed in the original budget,” thegPresident wrote, “together with the Qirther reductions here proposed, it Wil be necessary to discharge 50,000 to 100,000 employes unless we divide the remaining work of the Government among the whole of its employes just as has been done in industry. I know of nothing more inhuman in the present situation than for the Government to add to the pool of unemployment and destitution when it is entirely un..ecessary and can be provided against by the same measures which were undertaken by industry at the request of the Government itself nearly three years ago.” Emasculation of the House Economy Committee's bill, as passed by the House, and decision of the House to send to con- ference the Senate ten per cent cut action on appropriations for Commerce, Labor, State and Justice Departments leaves the issue of economy as it will affect Government personnel still in the air. It is doubtful in what degree the House will approve the Senate ten per cent cut on the remaining appropriation bills. It is doubtful what action the Senate will take on the straight salary cut issue. The way out, it would seem, would be legislative indorsement of the Presi- dent’s furlough plan, modified possibly to confine its operation to cases where actual reductions in pay rolis will make its application necessary, and the rein- {forcement of that plan by permitting | the interchangeability within depart- ments of fifteen per cent of appro- priations, resting final approval of such fund transfers with the Budget Bureau. The only sane view to take of the situation now developed is that Con- gress, in meeting the tremendous re- sponsibilities of budget cutting, should leave to the executive branch of the Government the matter of distributing resultant burdens among Government personnel. If Congress follows a policy of drastic curtailment of appropriations and refuses to give the department heads the necessary leeway in spending ‘what money is left it will have been guilty of that inhumanity of which the President speaks. It is not believed that Congress will deliberately follow an in- human course, especially when the President offers to take the responsi- bility of avolding it. —————— Ambasasdor Mellon in a London speech declined to predict the date of the economic recovery in this country, which demonstrated that he has learned the language of diplomacy even as he long ago learned that of finance. e — A Chicago doctor says that the de- | pression is making people healthier be- cause they are eating and drinking less. This does not apply to those residents | of that city who have been put on the spot. | — A Sane Tax Method. Out of the melee in the Senate Finance Committee, where efforts to frame a revenue bill capable of balanc- | ing the budget are under way, came a | concrete suggestion Thursday to which | the Congress could tie with benefit to Elhv.- country. Senator David A. Reed of Pennsylvania proposed a one per cent manufacturers' sales tax to be levied on all manufacturers except those producing food, clothing, medi- cines, farm implements and fertilizers. | The Treasury Department, Senator Reed | sald. estimated that his proposed tax | would make it possible to balance the budget and at the same time to cut from the revenue bill the high “excise” | or sales taxes on many selected indus- |tries These industries are automobles, !soft drinks, toilet preparations, furs, boats, radios, refrigerators, sporting goods, firearms and ammunition, cam- cras, matches and chewing gum. And | to make the tax proposed by Senator 'Reed still more acceptable, it would |render unnecessary the higher normal | income tax rates yesterday inserted in | the bill by the committee on motion of Senator Connally of Texas. Senator Reed's amendment for a one per cent manufacturers' sales tax was defeated in committee by a vote of 12 to 8. The support which the proposal received demonstrated that it is not (Wwithout considerable strength, and that Efllheflxhtummtbefloor it may yet have a chance to become law, provided it receives adequate consider- ation by Senators who have not closed their minds and refused to admit the |fairness and reasonableness of such a |tax. In the commiitee the Reed pro- {posal was earnestly supported by an important and influential Democrat, Senator David 1. Walsh of Massachu- setts. On the other hand, it was op- posed by four Republicans, Senators Jones of Washington, Couzens of Mich- | igan, La Follette of Wisconsin and ‘Thomas of Idgho. The amendment’s sponsor, Mr. Reed, promises to offer " A4 = THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., SATURDAY, MAY 7, 1932 THE LIBRARY TABLE | it from the floor once the bill has been reported, unless, indeed, the committee amendment in the bill before it is | reported. | When the House Ways and Means Committee reported the revenue bill to the House for consideration it car- ried & manufacturers’ sales tax of 214 per cent on manufactures with the ex- 1 ception of food and a few other neces- sities. The argument then advanced was that the proposed tax was capable of raising approximately $600,000.000, or half of the total amount of addition- al revenue required to balance the bud- |get. The Reed proposal calls for & tax of one per cent on manufacturers’ sales. While the amendment offered by Senator Reed is not capable of rais- ing nearly so much revenue, it is a step towvard a sound method of taxa- tion. It has long been evident that in times of depression the income tax is a slender reed to lean upon. Incomes come tumbling down and in some cases | vanish entirely and revenue drops and | drops. Some supplementary form of | taxation is essential if the Government is to count upon stability in its reve- nues. This is offered by the manu- facturers’ sales tax. Its adoption would make it unnecessary for the Govern- ment to scramble around to find special industries to tax and to apply the so- called “nuisance taxes.” ———re— A hearing in the Wendel will case in | | New York had to be shifted from the | Surrogate’s Court to the residence of the venerable attorney for the estate. It this precedent Is followed and the | case pursues the usual course of contests | over the property of multi-millionaires, there will be many another octogenarian lawyer asking that the court be brought to his own premises. —_——— e It has lately been disclosed that the estates of Abraham Erlanger and Harry Houdini, the former a theater manager and play promoter and the latter a stage “magician,” have proved to be all but “in the red.” The Erlanger fiscal fizzle is attributed to his generosity. Houdini perhaps willed his “vanishing” powers to his assets. | e It was just too bad for Al Capone to | be so swiftly eclipsed in the news, right after he became a number at Atlanta, by the revelation of the enterprise of Gaston Means, whose operation showed him to be by no means a piker but quite Caponian in breadth of proceedings. = e Lambasting Congress has one great advantage as a means of political at- tack. It is aimed at a collective insti- tution the individual components of which can always maintain that they are not responsible for the sins of the aggregation. ———— President Hoover intimates that he | will make a statement a day regarding | the budget problem until Congress acts. There is no cloture rule at the White House. e Political assassins are invariably | wretched reasoners. They always fail| in their ultimate purposes, even though | their immedicie victims die. LA SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Exercise. “Take exercise,” says old Doc Wise, “To keep your body strong: Weak grows the arm that idly lies In fear of going wrong. Do not draw near a task in fear Your strength may not avalil, But gather strength and persevere, ‘Though you at first may fail. “The plan you'll find works with the mind, And also with the heart. Take exercise that is designed To fit you for a part. The man worth while can always smile, And maybe sing a song, And keep his spirit up in style ‘To help the work along.” A Hazy Impression. “What's your idea of true poetry?” “I haven't any,” replied Mr. Cumrox. “According to mother and the girls, it has to be something I don't under- stand, written by somebody whose name I can't pronounce.” Diverted Attention. “Why do you encourage your boy to take so much interest in his studlea?”! “Well,” replied Mr. Bliggins, “I sus-| pect I have unconsciously been selfish | in the matter. It keeps him from coming home and showing off how | much more he knows about philosophy and the higher mathematics than I do.” A Listener’s Impression. After the banquet the debate "Mongst orators waxed fiercely warm. IQuMh he, “That Little Neck I ate— It was the clam before the storm.” A Surmise. | “That,” said the musician, “is a| Stradivarius. It is worth thousands.” “H'm!" replied Mr. Cumrox, rather wearily. “I suppose music is something | like the drug business. Things cost ' more when you call 'em by their Latin ' names.” An Influence. “What book do you think has ex- erted most influence on that aggressive politician?" “I don't know,” replied Senator Sor- ghum, “but I think it must be an old- fashioned novel I vaguely remember, entitled ‘Put Yourself in His Place.’ " | 1 Natural Resources. "Mongst the blossoms where the zephyr Gathers sweetness on its way, We behold the gentle heifer In her somewhat awkward play. We admit the tones she’ll utter As true music cannot live; But just think about the butter And the milk that she will give! | | In our hours of idle pleasure | Bhe is not a household pet; ! But she brings us wondrous treasure, | And we'll know her value yet, | We will have to get together And admit her future use, When we estimate the leather She is going to produce. | “Gratitude,” said Uncle Eben, “is ;mos’ly what a man thinks he's g'ineter feel if you does him a favor and den furgits about it.” — e The Irremovable. Prom the Columbus Ohio State Journal. ‘The faith that removeg mountains never took away & chin. { dramas. | chief indust: THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Dogs are an interesting lot. Even in a swiftly changing civil- ization, complicated on every hand by inventions which tend to run away from their inventors, the dogs plod their rounds as if nothing had happened. Man invents the motor car, and faith- ful Fido—only his name is Bozo now— hops in the front seat and rides with every evidence of satisfaction. The airplane arrives, and loyal Rover—but he is called Pat, mostly— leaps in and scars away to the highest point ever reached by dog. * oK ko Thus he keeps his high place in the affections of mankind, ever eager to love that which does its bidding. If there is anything “modern” about the world, the dog does not pay much attention to it, but smells his way around the earth as if nothing at all had happened since the days when his | Leen nostrils helped scent the enemy afar, ‘That harsh sound which he makes on moonlight nights is the same his wolf- like ancestors emitted so many years ago that it makes most of us ill at ease to attempt to think of it. It is as impossible to think of the earth as millions cf years old as it is to understand what the astronomers mean when they speak of “light years." One has a theoretical understanding, of course; but, honestly, does even an astronomer know what he is talking about? We doubt it, with all due re- spect. £k &R Dogs. in the main, may be divided into two classes: 1. One's cwn dog or dogs. 2. Other people’s dogs. If cne docs not possess one, at” any particular time, he is reduced to the happy condition of enjoying other peo- ple's dogs. One might as well, you know, for there is no getting away from dogs any more than from cats. These two ancient pets have earned their place. The damage they may do is small, indeed, in comparison with the good. This is proved by the fact that they are here. Our friend Madison Cooper, editor of the Flower Grower, constantly stresses what he likes to call the balanced view- point. This means thal while there is some worry attached to perhaps every- | thing in the world, there is no need for concentrating on that phase of any matter, but much need, indeed, for mak- ing a valiant attempt to see the bright | side of things. Freeing one's self from the ballyhoo of the professional optimist, and the curliness of the professed pessimist, there still remains a choice—shall one try one's best to see everything in its best light, or shall one permit one's self to “play up” the less attractive sides? * k¥ * ‘Those who love their gardens, for in- stance, can allow wandering dogs and cats to drive them nearly frantic, if they want to. It is also possible to look for the better tralts in these creatures, and to see these in preference to the others. After all, the damage they may do is small, and in the long run of life amounts to exactly nothing at all. What is the ruin of some one small flower, say, to the ruination of one's temper for the day? It is as Mr. Cooper says of dande- lions in the lawn, they are really beau- tiful small flowers, after all, and should not be permitted to cause one to fret and stew around. A lawn is a much bigger proposition than dandelions. These can be gotten rid of easily enough, by the application of a little common sense and more work. By having their leaves off, and especially by having this done before the seeds form, they may be held down to & mimimum. As desirable as a fine lawn is, it is a question whether it is worth half the fretting it causes many people. * k k X A balanced viewpoint on dogs ac- cepts them as cheery, clownlike fel- Jows, intent on investigating this world in which they find themselves at what- ever cost. When it comes to persistence, a dog is even more so than a cat. Imagine the consternation caused PFido, & collie, when he came to the rear line of a yard which he had wandered through many & happy | morning, and found there & neat fence barring his ingress, Fido stopped as if turned to stone. He looked to the right, he looked to | the left. | Here was something new, and, as | something unusual, worth looking into by any man’s dog. | "He ran along for a few feet, then ran back about three yards, as if sig- naling to a friend. * k¥ * Sure enough, here came Rover, a great police dog. The two of them took up their stand, as if talking the matter over. Then they went back ten or twelve paces, as if calling for reinforcements. Then came “the dog with the tail.” as we call him, for want of a better. and Bozo, a white dog of unknown lineage. The “dog with the tail” is a small fellow, something on the beagle order. | but whose tail is so large and clubby | that it immediately attracts attention. He has a habit of never lifting his nose from the ground. This morning he lifted his head. how- ever, to get a better view of the strange blockade. * X ok X All four dogs lined up, and gazed through the obstruction. No land looked quite so fair to them, at that moment, as that yard. Their four heads came together, 8s if they were holding a parley. ‘What should they do? It was decided in a flash. They took off, with one accord. along the back of the fence, rounded it. and away they went, as if nothing had happened at all to break up their morn- | ing_routine. They had the balanced viewpoint! x % x * There are two small dogs out our way of which we are particularly fond, for no particular reason except that they ‘m to like us. se%m is a Shetland ( .e, we belleve, and the other a water spaniel. Th first stands about 16 inches high, is somewhat longer, and has a very mild face. Hs is utterly without the one ob- noxious habit of the large collles and shepherds, that of hopping up on one. He is a very self-respectthg, staid little fellow, quite the gentleman in every way. We have never heard him bark. The water spaniel is more demonstra- tive, but only in a very well bred man- | ner, and he seems to be the friend of the entire world. As for large dogs, notably of the so- | called police breed, one must treat them | with vast respect, and call them “nice | doggy™ in one’s most ingratiating man- ner, unless one wants a leg chewed off. At least, that is the way some of them | impress one. A big surly fellow ran up to us the | other morning, and said, “Woof," in | none too pleasant tones. “Nice doggy, | nice old doggy.” we replied, hastily. “Woof," said he again, sniffing our hand. We thought some one should teach him something about this bal- anced viewpoint business. Tributes Paid éhakespeare As Memorials Are Dedicated Shakespeare’s place in this, as well as past centuries, is attested to in the tributes from the press following the dedication, in England and the United States, of three memorials to the great dramatist—the Henry Clay Folger Li- brary in Washington, the new theater at Stratford-on-Avon and the Horace Howard Furness Building at the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania. The dedica- tions marked an unprecedented ob- servance of the birthday anniversary of Shakespeare and served to invite estimates of his contributions to lit- erary and dramatic art during the years of use of his works in the de- velopment of the stage. Greater op- portunity for study and appreciation of Shakespeare’s works is promised through the facilities of these me- morials. “The white marble building of ex- ceptional beauty at Washington,” says the Springfield (Mass) Republican, “while serving as an impressive me- morial to Shakespeare for the public at large, will foster study of the poet's life and works and the theater of his day. The Memorial Theater at Strat- ford, replacing & much smaller struc- ture that was burned, is intended to keep alive on the contemporary stage the whole repertory of Shakespeare’s Dr. Furness' working ljbrary of Shakespeare material was given to the University of Pennsylvania for scholarly use. * * * The cost of the Stratford Theater was about $1,250.000, of which about half was subscribed by Americans, The Folger Library, though smaller, is more costly and the collec- | tion is valued at more than $4,000,000. Thus. in a period of acute economic stagnation, America and England join hands in dedicating to Shakespeare and to the people offerings from the surplus wealth of recent years.” PR “The world could not honor this mind and soul beyond their deserts,” proclaims the Columbia (S. C.) State, observing that “a vast memorial is raised at Avon and for all time.” The State continues: “Even Sappho could truthfully say of herself that she would be remembered— and this in remote time. Shakespeare is a far greater poet and will be immor- tal. But happily for those of us who love the Lesbian, she will live longer |than even Shakespeare—having been born some thousands of years earlier— !a thing that counts even in eternity. But Shakespeare will have the greatest memorial the world can create, and this despite the rebuke of Milton: | * ‘What needs my Shakespeare for his honored bones, The labor of an age in piled stones, When he already has a monument in our hearts— And so sepulchered in such pomp dost ie That kings for such a tomb would wish to die “Neglected and unsung for over a century after his death, even in his home town, the poet is now Stratford’s records the Oakland Tribune, while the Nashville Banner concludes as to the new memorials that there has been created in each in- stance “an agency that will mean per- manently expanded opportunities for the study and understanding of Shake- speare” and that “in each case a pledge was given to posterity that it would be able to take advantage. under the most favorable conditions, of the knowledge and wisdom this and former genera- tions of scholars have gathered.” The characters in Shakespeare's plays.” according to the Charleston (8. C) Evening Post, “make up a world that is alrost as real as that in which we move every day. We think of them not as fictional beings, but as actual | persons. Somewhere in his dramas one will discover himself, his neighbor, his friend, his enemy. Man is portrayed with his loves and hates, his virtues and his vices, his proplems and his aspira- tions. And continues to serve as & refuge to the orator and writer who needs an apt quotation to drive home an essential point. Concede faults as & poet, philosopher, his- | torian, dramatist and writer, and there | is more than enough left to keep him |'in his immortal place as one of man- kind's proudest glories.” Wil . “Shakespeare’s influence,” as esti- mated by the Chattanooga Times, “has been so gentle, so unobtrusive that, even among those most aware of it, it has |lent itself to intellectual appreciation rather than monument building. And | how great that influence has been since Colonial times, and is today, no man could measure. Production of the mas- ter's plays has not the place in the country’s life it once occupied. And in | these days there are countless sets of unthumbed volumes of Shakespeare’s ghys on the library tables of American omes. But the language and thought of Shakespeare, like the language and thought of the King James version of the Bible, have become enshrined in | the thought and speech of the people. | Largely unconsciously, but nevertheles as Carlyle says, ‘We speak and thinl by him.'" ——r—e——— Keep the Federal Offices. From the Salt Lake City Deseret News. Times like the present, when the country is aroused to the need of | economy in Government, bring many | reforms in wasteful expenditures. Per- ; haps the tendency may go too far and |lop off functions of Government that | are necessary for our well being. If | civilization requires certain activities | for its best development and these can be carried out more efficiently and more should be maintained providing country can pay for them. | The Chamber of Commerce is making | an effort to retain in this city the offices | of the Bureau of Mines, foreign and idomesuc commerce, fisheries and assay office. 4n this State we do not need to be | convinced of the necessity of the Bureau | of Mines, which in conjunction with the University of Utah is and has always done an important work connected with the development and economic extrac- | tion of ores, the proper mining of coal and utilization of coal products. The [quesuon might arise in the mind of a person not acquainted with its activities regarding the usefulness of the Bureau of Pisheries in this inland State. The Government has maintained at Spring- ville for a number of years a fish hatchery, and it has co-operated most usefully with the fish and game ac- | tivities of Utah in studying our streams, the amount of fish they can maintain, | the improvement of feeding conditions, the adaptability of different kinds of | fish which may not be native here, and | in general supplying a large part of the | scientific information that makes intel- ligent our cultivation of stream life for the pleasure and food of the people. As we understand it, all of these offices have expected a cut and are willing to conform their activities to lessened -Wmunu. but it does seem that y should not be per- manently abolished, and if not per- manently, it will be a loss to stop and start them again. ———— Grandma aAd the Ball Game. From the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin. Grandmothers who used to pass out | at about this time of year to permit | office boys to attend their funeral now d-n a misses’ gown, make a few skillful | passes with the lipstick and go out to the ball game along with the fans. R | Markham Just a Piker. From the New Orleans Times-Picayune. Markham'’s “Man With a Hoe" is said to have been the world's most profitable poem, netting its author $250,000 in 33 'ears. he dug that much with a , think what his return would have been if the had fifin about the man economically by Government, then they | ¥ BY SARAH G. BOWERMAN. Physical science has nearly wrecked the world; it is the task of the neg- lected social sciences to save it. Such is the thesis of the little book, “World Chaos: The Responsibility of Science,” by William McDougall, F. R. §., British psychologist. In his preface Mr. Mc- Dougall says: “Few will deny that the world is in a state to provoke the laughter of the gods.” The physical sciences have changed our civilization from a simple to a complex affair, with some undoubted benefits and peshaps more difficulties. Even the benefits have come too rapidly for human pow- ers of digestion. Our civilization is “topheavy” because our science i§ “lop- sided.” Physical sclence has placed |at the disposal of human beings vast stores of physical energy which has been used “as a substitute for the muscular energy of men and domestic animals in the production of the fundamental necessities of human life— food, shelter and clothing—with the immflediate consequence that the pop- ulation of the world has multiplied as never before.” This sentence recalls a news item of recent date to the effect that on some farms in this country there is in progress a return to animal power from machine power, because with the former little cash investment is necessary. A second result of the energy released by physical science is the production of “a multitude of com- forts and conveniences which have be- come so intimately woven into the tex- ture of our civilization that they are now essentials; the deprivation of them would cause not only much discomfort and suffering, but also the break- |down of the whole complex structure of our civilization.” We can all rec- oenize the truth of this statemen Tio savages of the Malaysian jungles | might learn to do without their lucifer matches, cotton cloth, pottery, rifies and spectacles, supplied by Japan, Manchester, Staffordshire, Hartford, Conn, and Birmingham; but how should we endure life without our vacuum cleaners, electric refrigerators, radio outfits and motor cars, not to mention our telephones and electric lights? * k% % Mass production has followed the inventions of physical science, and tech- nological unemployment and overpro- duction have come close after. When we discover that the world is in a good deal of a mess through the benefits of physical science and turn to that same science for help it metaphorically shrugs its shoulders and says: “Really that is not my job,” or, as Mr. Dougall less colloquially puts it: “The physical science which has produced this new complexity can give us no guidance whatsoever in our difficult task of coping with it.” As it is in the United States that the triumph of physical science is most complete, so there may its results be best studied. Mr. Mc- Dougall does not find these results encouraging. They include the decay of the family, the breakdown of moral ideas, the “detachment of the popula- tion from all local ties and traditional loyalties,” “the process of substitution of one stock by another,” and the d regard for law and order, which is e denced by the prevalence of corruption and crime. The picture is not a cheer- ful one. e L Mr. McDougall does not end his book with a picture of gloom and a prophecy of destruction. Perhaps his remedies, like most economic remedies today, fail to be as specific as practical realists would like, but he does offer remedies. He says: ‘‘We live, then, in an age of grave social disorder and threatening chaos, and it is in the main due to sci- ence. What, then, is the remedy? The remedy for science is more science, more knowledge systematically organized. But what sort of science? Physical science has been the main agent in producing our chaos, and physical science can bring no remedy.” The remedy is to be | found in the biological and especially the social sciences founded on biology. Perhaps Mr. McDougall's working out of this proposition may be best and most briefly indicated by a series of questions which he asks. Are the dif- ferences of constitution between races nd individuals slight or very impor- ant? Are some human stocks more capable than others of producing and maintaining a high civilization? Are existing races likely to advance in civili- zation or to deteriorate? What meas- ures can be taken to effect the result? Is there at present a subtle degenerative process affecting mankind, which is be- ing partly concealed by social service work? What effects come from cross- breeding of human stocks? What is the most desirable form of political-eco- nomic organization — democratic, au- thoritarian, individualistic, socialistic or communistic? * % % ‘When Philip II of Spain, then prince, went to England to court and maity Mary Tudor, Queen of England, he took with him more than a grandees, gentlemen and guards. A hundred ships, English and Spanish, convoyed him and all were manned by sailors “brave in red silk caps with yellow plumes.” Philip looked upon his journey not primarily as a wedding journey, but as a crusade “to make England Catholie—and imperial.” In his blography “Philip II of Spain David Loth devotes much attention to the personal affairs of Philip, including his four marriages, of which his mar- riage with Mary was the second. Philip and Mary met at Winchester, in the bishop's palace. Philip was arrayed in white and gold. Mary wore “a high- neck black velvet gown with a wimple of black and gold, and collar and girdle of gems.” She was 11 years older than Philip and “was short, thin and awk- ward. She had the remains of a fine complexion; thin, sandy, reddish hal no eyebrows; almost colorless eyes: & wide, flattish nose and a big mouth. + '+ She impressed one of the Span- iards as ‘not at all handsome, a perfect saint, but dresses badiy.” Philip was not enthusiastic over his bride and measured out the time grudgingly that he must for policy remain in England before allowing himself to be recalled to Spain by the urgency of state affairs there. His courtiers were no more en- thusiastic over the Englis! their master. They did not like it that in all the ceremonies Mary took pre- cedence over Philip, “a monstrous per- version of the laws of God and man which they found in this instance most repulsive.” Philip sat on Mary’s I°ft, her seat was higher than his, his dishes wera silver, but hers were gold. The Spaniards also noticed ruefully that the Iladies-in-waiting were no better looking than the Queen and “it was also discouraging that barriers of language and custom stood between the Span- iards and flirtation” when some hand- somer English girls made their appear- ance at functions. Fortunately for Philip his father, the Emperor Charles, soon began to urge his return to Spain so that he could turn over to him both kingdom and empire. Philip lingered on month after m insistence, but finally departed with his retinue. “If Mary grieved. Philip’s friends who were going with him re- joiced. They were as giad to leave as they had been to come. None of them had received a penny from the English * ok x X Ludwig Lewisohn's “Expression in America” Is an interesting survey of lit- erature and life from our beginnings to the present time. In his interpreta- tions Mr. Lewisohn is intluenced by tWo fixed ideas which perhaps distort his judgments. He blames Puritanism for much that he disapproves in our lit- erature. He says that Emerson and Thoreau probably attempted to com- pensate for lack of orthodoxy in re- ligion by puritanical standards of con- duct. When he is not looking for the Puritan motive in American literature, he is trying to interpret it according to Freudian principles, with whigh hc seems much impressed. Hawthorne, Poe and Melville are certainly tempting sub- Jects for Freudian analysis, and one is inclined to agree with Mr. Lewisohn that “unable to they built tures of ‘phantasma- thousand ' h court than | onth because of Mary’s | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Washington is the world's greatest storehouse of all kinds of knowledge. You can draw on it free of charge through our bureau here. Any ques- tion of fact you may ask will be answered *promptly in & personal letter to you. Be careful to write clearly, give your full name and address and in- close’ 2 cents for reply postage. Send your inquiry to The Evening Star In- formation Bureau, Prederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. How many base balls are made | Q. in the United States in & year?—E. O'C. A. In 1929, there were 709,552 dozen base balls made. They were valued at $3,261 411, Q. From what city will the July Olympic stamps be issued to get first day covers?—E. J. B A. It is contemplated that Los An- geles, Calif, will be the only city where the Olympic stamps will be Is- sued for the first day covers, Q. Did the law pass which made a copyright in this country an automatic protection abroad? —H. D. A. The law providing for the United States to join the International Copy- right Union did not pass. Q. How much money has been re- turned as excess income tax in the last 10 years>—M. McD. A. The Bureau of Internal Revenue says that the following are the refunds| @ Did Gainsborough of taxes allowed by the bureau for the fiscal years 1922 to 1931, inclusive: 1922, $48,134,127.83; 23, $123,992.820.94; 1924, $137,006,22565; 1925, $151,885.- 415.60; 1926, $174.120,177.74: 1927, $103,858,687.78; 1928, ,393,567.17 1929, $190.164,359 48 $126,826,- 333.22; 1931, $69.476.930.26. Q. What event is being commemo- rated by the Chicago Exposition In 1933?—M. C. W. A. Chicago is coramemorating a Cen- '{‘32, of Progress i+ her world’s fair in Q. Where do prairie chickens grow wild?>—B. B. A. Prairie chickens are now entirely extinct in the West, and at present are found in considerable numbers only on the Island of Marthas Vineyard, off the coast of Massachusetts. They were mercilessly persecuted both for sport and for food and will probably never again be found in large numbers any- where outside of game preserves. Q. What does E Pluribus U mean?—J. M. R. e D A. It is the Latin for one out of many or one composed of many. It is the motto of the United States, usually taken to mean one Government formed by the uniting of States. Q. How many major generals and brigadier generals are there in our Army’—L. L. K. A. There are 21 major generals and :G brigadier generals at the present ime. Q What is the Swiss lan 7— G.F i A. The principal languages of Swit zerland are German, spoken by 71 p cent ot fhe people; French, by 21 per cent, and Italian, by 6 per cent. Other languages are Romanshe and Ladin. By the federal constitution of 1848 and 1874 German, French and Italian are | recognized as national languages, Q How do rental costs in Havana compare with those in the United States?—A. S. A Havana real estate values and rentals have declined sharply in the L UNIVERSAL, Mexico, D. F.— The war ministry is promulgat- ing a new code of morals for army officers, No longer is laxity of behavior which in any sense might be considered a bad example for enlisted men to be toler- ated. For many years—in fact, it is rather a tradition of military life— commissioned ranks were felt to be privileged exponents of a more or less licensed system of conguct. Exposed to perils and hardships of ‘every sort in times of strife, they were compen- sated in times of ce with immunity for many offenses which would have been severely condemned and punished in other vocations. Henceforward, however, army offi- cers must not be recalcitrant to the trust imposed upen them. They must no longer comport themselves as Lo- tharios and Bacchanals, bui as sedate and temperate men with moral stand- | ards which will reflect credit upon the service, and inspire the rank and file to worthier emulation. A special corps of military police will be organized and empowered to report ana discipline any discovered infractions of the new and revolutionary order. Disorderly con- duct of every sort among the officers will hereafter be visited with condign punishment. * % % Distress of Jews Pictured in Poland. Jewish Chronicle, London—A poig- nant picture of the economic distress among Jews in Poland was given by Mr. L. Pilichowski, the eminent Jewish ar- tist, who has just returned from a visit to that country, at a special meeting of the executive Council of the Federation of Jewish Relief Organization: Mr. Pilchowski, after describing the appalling poverty he had witnessed among the Jews in Pojand, said that in Lemberg he had had a talk with Deputy Dr. Jaeger, who was the presi- dent of the Lemberg Community, and he (Mr. Pilchowski) suggested to him the calling of a conference and the for- mation of a committee consisting of representatives of all sections of Polish Jewry to see what could be do help not only the Jews in Lember those in outlying districts. He a cussed the proposal with Mr. Grue | baum and Mr. Farbstein and other | leaders of the community and succe ed in bringing together at a meeting those who were most sharply opposed in regard to certain matters of policy He mpressed upon them the fact that they wanted the Federation of Re Organizations to help them, they call such a conference together and supply them with the necessary fac and figures. He was told that the ganization was sending money princi- pally to Russia and the Ukraine and that the requirements of Polish Jewry were not less urgent. He was also told that the money that was sent to Poland | was infinitesimal in proportion to the requirements and that it was the Ica | which was supplying them with the bulk of the relief. The Polish community was at its wits end to deal with the vast army jof unemployed and he could not re- frain from paying a tribute to the way in which the community organized the work of tackling this problem. This work was done in a spirit of won- derful self-sacrifice and words were inadequate to describe the way In which that help was being rendered. People who today had been reduced almost to beggary were still continuing to help their brothers and sisters as they were wont to do. Dr. Machower premised that the fed- i eration would do everythirg possible to |afford help to the Jews in Poland, As chairman of the Food and Clothing Subcommittee. he gave a report of the | federation’s arrangements with the Soviet government for the isste of | food, clothing and other commoditics to the destitute in Russia. P | Auto Safety | Drive Urged in Glasgow. Evening _Times, Glasgow.—To the Editor: _When one considers that in every city in Britain hundreds of valuable lives are lost annually in street is It not time some- thing was to bring home to the |last two years. The total value .of | Havana real estate was placed at, $480,- 000,000 in 1930 by the Cuban National Statistical Commission, while rents col- lected amounted to $32,400,000, or an average of $60 for a house and $40 for an apartment. The total value today is placed at $302,000,000, while house rents arg down to $45 and apartment Tents to ntlx This is a much sharper rop than has occurred in the U: o Ay United Q. How much money has been spent by the Government for the enforcement of prohibition?—A. H. D A. About $112,263,000 has been ex- pended. A. Due to the Stepher ton in instead of opening of th v on Sept , 1825, the passenger train world was drawn by Stephens motive Active. novel? A. It means that the bouk is to & large degree based on fact. Often the plot is fiction, but the background of the tale is historically correct. Q. What is meant by an historical T L make many etchings or aquatints?—M. E. C. | A. He did very little etchings or aguatints, onl former being known and 3 of the latter. They resemble his chalk drawings, but are not colored. , to popu A. San Francisco with 40.2 telephones for each 100 inhabitants leads the larger cities of the world in telephone develop- ment. Washington, D. C. is second, Seattle third and Denver a close fourth. | Q. How many patents were granted | in this country last year?—J. L. | 'A. The fisi patent granted in 1931, on January 6, was numbered 1,787,424, | The last patent issued in 1831 (Decem-~ ber 29) was numbered 1,839,189. This made & total of 51,765 patents granted. Q. How much does a complete set of devices for a trap drummer, such as Jone sees in jazz orchestras, cost?—O0. J. A. The late John Philip Sousa said that while some trap drummers spend as much as $2,000 on their instruments, the 44 pieces which go to make up & set can be purchased for $1,689.15. Q. What is the meaning of the name Conowingo?—R. B. A. The Bureau of Ethnology says that the word Conowingo was formerly Con- newango. The name applies to a Seneca viilage. In the Seneca dialect the word means “at the falls.” Q. What kind of stone is used in the Washington Cathedral?>—T. D. A. Indiana limestone. Q. How many of the plays of Eurip- ides are still existent’—A. G. N, A. Out of about 80 titles of plays known there are 19 still extant—18 tragedies and 1 satire drama. “Cyclops” is the earliest and “Medea” the best known. @ Can Jelly be made from rhubarb?— R. 8. ATt can, but it is necessary to add an equal amount of juice from tart apples or use commercial pectin, ac- | cording to directions. Highlights on the Wide World E;:eerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands public their responsibility for tmeir own personal safety in the streets? At any | time of the day in our busy thorough- | fares may be witnessed the most gross examples of carelessness by pedestrians, | | children and adults alike. | “'The Glasgow Corporation is to be complimented on its efforts to awaken public interest in this matter. But that is not enough. The law must be | made to regard “jaywalking” as & { crime on a part with attempted suicide, |and as_such made a punishable of- fense—I am, etc., J. D. | Use of Wood for Frim | On U. S. Buildings Asked | Prom the Portland Oregon Journal. | Senators and House members from | Western States are pressing the Fed:ral | Treasury Department to use: wood as | sash, door frames and trim in all Fed- | eral buildings. | The country has run wild in the use of substitutes for wood. It has been shown that frames and trim of wood are produced that are perfectly suited ifm‘ any building. Architects at Wash- | ington have stated that window frames In use for over 130 years are still sound | and in good condition. Anyway, does the Federal Treasury function for all the States or merely for |a few States that produce iron? In | prosperous days a measure of the Fed- eral expenditures belongs of right to Oregon, Washington, California and other wood-exporting States. In times like these, when lumbering for vears has been in the dumps, it is the Treas- ury Department’s duty to give a fair share of governmental usufruct to every | State. When it comes to paying direct and indirect taxes, from which these ‘hulldinp are constructed, it is notice- | able that Oregon and Washington and | the other Western St are all called upon to pay their full share. There is no moratorium out here in the hig open spaces on debts or taxes or other pay- ments due the Federal Go: Everybody in the 11 Wes must pay, pay. pay. And so, it is perfectly fair that these States, with their wood products to sell fer building purposes, should have equal ! treatment with the other States. Bureaucracy at Washington is much subject to fads. Onme of them is the idea that wood products belong to the | past. Wood fremes and sash more than 130 years cld, “still sound and in good | condition.” as testified to by architects at the National Capital, are everlasting proof that wood products are a perfect * material for this twntieth century and are not at all of the stone age. Give the Western lumbermen the rights end patronage that belong tof them and that the big, wide West is* entitled to. Let no man be contemptuous of the products of the forest. No agency has contributed mx to the development of th> American re than the forests that provide shelter from Summer sun and Winter blasts If the little board fashioned from nature’s own trees could speak it would say: “Iam the wooden cradle in which babes have always been rocked. I am | the high chair at the table and the | boards from which the table is formed. ‘l am the bed on which you lie, the | timber that built your boat, the handle | of your hoe, the beam of your plow and | the door of your family home. “I am the beam that holds your house, the shingle that shields your children from the elements and the body of the trolley car that canveys you | to and from your business ~And. finally, I am the church in which the last rites will be pronounced aver your insen: orm, and the shell of the cofin that will be your last rest- ing place on your way to eternity.” Can humanity in iis weakness afford to disdain the priceless products of the torest? c———— ! -Wicked Critters. From the Harrisburg Telezraph Washington is hearing the old bed- time atory of the three bears, only this time there seems to have been a whole flock of great, big, fierce Papa Bears. |