Evening Star Newspaper, April 19, 1932, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY. «....April 19, 1832 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor c 1 chieas Bulldine. ropean Office Re&cnl’g.. London, Enlan Rate by Carrier Within e Behing S sunday s ehen 4 Bundays) - *60c per month The ar & L e ooy N llection made at the eid Gf each month. Orders may be sent In by mail or telephone NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. . B, All Other States and Canada, 1yr., $10.00: 1 mo., 8¢ yri 36 iz and Sunday...1vr. $1200: 1 mo. 31 tly only ng (?e City. c ver month only y only yr. $4.00; 1 mo.. 40 1mo., B 00: 1 mo.. 50¢ 00 # 1yr. 3800: 1mo. 78 day only " . $5.00 oc Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Associated Press is exclusively entitled te the use for J’a’uhlh‘.lllnn of all news dis- special disp es herein sre also r Roosevelt's Reply. Gov. Pranklin D. Roosevelt of New York, speaking to the Democrats and Progressives in St. Paul Jast night, re- plied to the charge that he was “dema- gogic” when he recently attacked the administration’s reconstruction program. His reply was conciliatory in a meas- ure, although the New York Governor, ‘who hopes to be President of the United States, continued to defend his earlier position that the “little man” must be better cared for. Gov. Roosevelt de- clared that his plea was not for class control, but for a “true concert of in- terests.” “If you live in & house that has been shaken by an earthquake of national proportions and the foundations have cracked and the roof leaks, it is right to mend the roof, but at the same time your house will not be safe until you have repaired the foundation as well,” sald Gov. Roosevelt. “I want the house to stand through all the years to come as well as to keep the rain out of the top story.” So the New. York Governor again de- clares himself a champion of the little man, if the theory is accepted that the little man is the foundation of the “house.” His reply to his critics, among them Alfred E. Smith, will be interpreted far and wide not only as an effort to disclaim dema- goguery. but to emphasize his stand for the poor man and the man of mod- erate means and as an effort to show that his opponents are the protagonists of the rich. Gov. Roosevelt wisely, from & politi- cal point of view, made no savage at- tack on Mr. Smith. It could have gained him no more than he already has. Smith's Jefferson day dinner speech in Washington, assailing Roose- velt a8 & demagogue, had been widely interpreted as aligning Roosevelt with the poor man and Smith with the rich, ‘whether justly or unjustly. Roosevelt's only reference to Mr. Smith by name was in connection Wwith the electric power problem. The reference was en- tirely complimentary. The Governor benefits in the public opinion by his restraint. To bolster his own position in sup- port of the common man Gov. Roose- velt quoted from Jefferson, Lincoln, Pranklin and Theodore Roosevelt, that dynamic distant cousin who as Presi- dent had a great hold on the affections of the people. The purpose of Gov. Roosevelt was, obviously, to show the country that he is no more dema- @ogic than these great American leaders of their day. Gov. Roosevelt picked as the place for his own “Jefferson day” speech terri- tory in which he has been lucceu!ul‘ in obtaining delegates to the Demo- cratic National Convention and in which he hopes to be able to win the electoral votes of the States if nominat- ed for President. It was friendly ter- ritory and the dispatches speak of the warm and cordial welcome given the New Yorker. After he had completed | his statement about the need of caring for the little man as well as the big in the present emergency Gov. Roose- velt turned his attention to two sub- Jects in which the progressive and agri- cultural States of the Middle West and Northwest have evinced great interest, the electric power question and the tariff. He assalled the Republican Smoot-Hawley tariff act as an unfair burden on the American farmer, and he declared for Government control of the power industry, with the Govern- ment ready to step into the transmis- sion fleld if private industry is not will- ing to conduct its business on a fair and reasonable basis. Readers of Gov. Roosevelt's speech, however, will seek in vain for a con- structive idea as to how the “little man” is to be benefited in this period of re- construction and through s program of reconstruction, outside of reduced tariffs and Government control of elec- tric power. He expresses his great sym- pathy with the little man. But what he would do for him in distinction to the constructive program advanced by President Hoover, Gov. Roosevelt did not mention. He has taken & swat at the Reconstruction Pinance Corporation, but he has offered no substitute or no amendment to the plan. Gov. Roosevelt may find in the coming campaign, should he be the cholce of his party for | President, that the American people desire more concrete proposals for their benefit. They are not at this time anxious to buy & “pig In & poke.” .- Japan declares that she has no desire for Manchurian territory a=. Russia is credited with more or ler. willingness to see that no one forces any on her, —— e A Kreuger “Thriller.” A fantastic tale is being circulated in Bweden to the effect that Ivar Kreuger, the “match king,” did not in fact kil himself in Paris a few weeks ago, but that his “death” was faked and tha. the broken magnate is now hiding in Sumatra. It is hinted that a wax im- pression of Kreuger's face was used to deceive those who attended the funeral. The story apparently is given little credence, though it is not, of course, impossible. Strange things happen nowadays. The tangle of Kreuger's af- fairs was not known at the time his IM himself came with the effect of & thunderbolt. It is now noted that offi cials of the Swedish Jegation in Paris were unable to enter his apartment and i that the cremation of the body was de- | layed a week. Explanation of this de- lay has been made; Kreuger's brother went to Paris from Sweden, and the police waited for him to arrive before issuing & permit for the removal to Stockhoim. It is rather naively stated in Paris now that “if there had been a hoax the police would have been guilty of making & false death cer- tificate.” If there was anything strange about the manner in which the death of the | match king was announced it was per- haps In the statement that he had taken his own life. Suicide in such a case was tantamount to disclosure of something shockingly wrong with his affairs. His “natural death” would perhaps not have led to the immediate revelation of the fact that he had fraudulently manipu- lated the widely ramified business of which he was virtually the sole director. It would not immediately have precipi- tated the panic in Stockholm and the repercussions in other capitals. The suicide of Kreuger seems, in the circumstances that have been subse- . | quently brought to light, & logical escape for him from the consequences of a shameful breach of trust. A pretense of death would have necessitated a most complicated arrangement, involving the Paris police. Yet it may have been ac- complished. One can never tell what may happen in these days. But the tale that is now circulating in Sweden is most likely to prove to be the result of overmuch reading of “thriller” litera- ture. If Ivar Kreuger did trick the Paris police, or scheme his escape with their connivance and is now in Sumatra or some other remote corner of the world, waiting for a chance to redeem his for- tunes and his repute, he is playing & role such as that which has been ms- signed to many a hero—or villain—of mystery fiction, e e Washington's Improvement Month. With tens of thousands of people pouring into the Capital from all parts of the country in the tide of George Washington Bicentennial visiting to the national sheine of the First Presi- dent, it is desirable that the com- munity put on its best appearance. Therefore the District Commissioners have proclaimed the period from April 18 to May 18 to be a “Home Improve- ment and Work Creation month They ask all property owners in the District to take inventory of conditions and consider the possibility of making needed repairs, structural and other- wise, including painting, clean-up, im- proving lawns, planting and care of trees. This is for two purposes, to make Washington sattractive to the utmost degree and also to provide em- ployment for those who are now forced into idleness by the adverse economic conditions. Those who cannot afford to engage labor for these betterments should do the work themselves. In all cases where it is possible, however, these “odd jobs” should be given to persons who are not otherwise em- ployed. The combination of making Wash- ington most attractive to the visitors and giving work to those who are idle through no fault of their own should appeal to every property owner, every resident in fact. There are countless ‘ways in which this can be done. Pride in the appearance of the Capital should stimulate these endeavors and expendi- tures to the end of putting the city in its best drdss. An inventory of needs and opportunities will reveal ‘some items of possible work to be done in virtually every household and on every lot of land. It matters not whether the works so undertaken will “show” to the guests whom the city is golng to entertain during the months of the Bicentennial celebration. The upkeep of property, in exterior and in interior equipment and in surroundings, is essential to the maintenance of proper pride. The neglected premises betoken a lack of the spirit that is requisite in the facing of unfavorable conditions. The painters proclaim an evident truth when they aver that to “save the surface saves all.” A coat of paint is an investment of property preservation. A bit of carpentry work done now may save & larger expenditure later. Pro- crastination adds to the ultimate cost of maintenance. Wornout equipment ren- ders inadequate and eventually expen- sive service. The “hoarded” dollar can be put to no better use than to be ex- pended for work that must ultimately be performed, and if done now will cost less than later. During these weeks set apart for Spring housecleaning—indoors and out— ‘Washington can, with co-operation on the part of all householders, be greatly improved in appearance. The effect upon the thousands of visitors will be that of a community which is maintain- ing its pride, locking with confidence to- ward the future and providing to the utmost of its ability work for those who have been temporarily reduced to idle- ness by the adverse conditions that beset the Jand. —— e Summer will soon bring the circus and no doubt Tammany will be on hand to cheer the charioteer who is trying to manage two impetuous steeds at once. | There is no use of saying “Whoa!” to either Franklin or Alfred. s r——— America and War Debts. Within the past few days two British | statesmen—David Lioyd George, former prime minister, and Sir Austen Cham- berlain, former foreign secretal and chancellor of the exchequer—have made frontal attacks on American pub- lic opinion with reference to the burii- ing question of war debts. Mr. Lloyd | George spesks through the medium of a book just published in, this country entitled “The Truth About Reparations and War Debts.” Sir Austen addresses his homily to us through a newspaper article which was published widely in the United States last Sunday. Both Britons call for cancellation of repara- tions and war debts alike, on the ground that they are interlocking obligations, and that until the United States “co- oOperates” by wiping out the debts if and when Germany’s creditors have re- mitted reparations there can be no abiding economic recovery in the world. American opponents of debt cancel- lation assail such statements as have just emanated from the British Isles as “propaganda” designed to lure Uncle Sam into enacting measures which THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. €., TUESDAY, APRIL 19, 193, THIS AND THAT | and 8ir Austen Chamberlatn mince no words in pleading their case—the time is coming, and coming soon, when the Government and people of the United States will have to make up their minds what they are going to do about the war debts and reparation issues. At the present moment, by action insti- tuted in Washington when President Hoover gtigated the existing mora- torium, tMe two issues are intertwined. | Europe is not wholly illogical in ex- pecting that the union proclaimed by the American President in June, 1931, will not lightly “be put asunder,” to quote Sir Austen's words. As everybody knows, there are two definite schools of American thought on the debts proposition. past few days eminent spokesmen of the rival camps have had their say. Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler, president of Columbia University, favors cancella- tion. Bernard M. Baruch, chairman of the War Industries Board at Washing- ton in 1917 and 1918, who speaks with the authority of a respected financier and economist, writes in the current Magazine of Wall Street against can- cellation. The sooner the people of the United States come to grips with the debts- reparations controversy and decide for themselves what wise national policy Tespecting it should be, the sooner will Congress be able to hearken to Vox| Populi and face the music next Winter, when our attitude will have to be de- termined. e Market manipulation is always sus- pected by the lambs who seek good grazing in the New York Stock Ex- change. The present investigation of bear raids may be made the means of removing the unjust suspicions of ill- informed losers. In this way experience may be the means of learning some- thing definite. ———————— It requires no great intelligence to steal a child, but it needs more sense than a criminal is likely to possess to collect the ransom even when it is of- fered in absolute good faith and with every assurance Of safety. The guilty conscience has lost none of its terror. ———— Probability of any participation in the Lindbergh kidnaping by Al Capone seems less as suspense Is prolonged. If Capone had been the business man- ager of the enterprise, he would have found & way to close the transaction to the relief of everybody concerned. ——————— Chicago will take special precautions to prevent bootlegging during conven- tion time. Drys will suspect a wish to stimulate abnormal sleoholic thirst so that prohibition will find as little en- couragement a8 possible. - It may reasonably be assumed that wets could rehearse a speakeasy film that would be as shocking in its own modern way as “Ten Nights in a Bar- room.” ] Discouragement of Wall Street may extend its effects even to theatrical art. Broadway can hardly be itself without the tired business man. r———— There is nothing new in the theory that a good government can be con- ducted by badly paid workers. e e SHOO' TING STARS. BY PHILANDER JORNSON. Proof Positive, I saw the robin hoppin’' and I asked him for a song, He said he couldn't carol while the chill wind blew so strong. Says I, “How long do you suppose the wind will blow this way?” He answered, “I'm a stranger, 8o it ain't for me to say.” But just against the fence, where I was diggin’ up the ground, I started up a-shoutin' to the company I found. I said, “Go on, you robin, you ain't tellin' me a thing. that ¥ is Spring.” The snowdrop and the crocus did their best, but couldn't last. I don't know when the cherry bloom will wither in the blast. The mockin’ bird began & tune and, lookin’ at the sky, Remerked, “I'm willing to oblige, but ‘taint no use to try,” But just the same I'm happy, and I'm waiting for the sun To set the ripples flashing over there in Dunkin Run Come on, you bees and butterflies. The skies will soon be blue, "Cause when I see a fishin’ know that Spring is due, Current Demand. “I should like to print the story of your life,” said the publisher. “Sorty to disappoint you,” said Sena- tor Sorghum. “But in all the years I have been busy I haven't been sus- pected of enough misbehavior to make it interesting.” Jud Tunkins says he likes horse racin’ better than politics. An election compels you to take all kinds of chances on & man you don’t know personally. You don't have to bet on & horse race unless you feel like it. worm, I As Farmer Corntossel Sees It. The taxes at your wallet jerk For maney; and, gol dern it, They criticise you if you work All week, and try to earn it! Touched. “You wept when you ssw our play, ‘Ten Nights in 8 Marroom,' said the mansger of the Town Hall “Yes," answered Cactus Joe. “I couldn't restrain my tears. I don't know | when anything has so touched me by bringing up fond memories.” “Too much admiration of ancient | heroes is dangerous,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “since it is easier to imitate their personal follies than their public services.” Under the Roof. My radio! My radio! I listen by the hour ‘To words and music as they flow With notes both sweet and sour. My radio! My radio! You nearly have me sunk. My mind, is like an attic; so You're filling it with junk, “Chillun.” said Uncle Eben, “de real desth was apnounced. There was no ' would shift Europe's war burdens to the day of punishment ain’ comin’ till you in Paris regarding solv- ' shoulders of American taxpayers. Be has to talk to yoh own announcement that this o it may—snd Mr. Liayd George way as us old folks has to de same to you.” Within the | But when I see & fishin’ worm, I know | The BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Every flower has a history. Every shrub its literatare. The moment one becomes interested | in plant or bush, or tree, or even blade | of grass he is on the high road to dis- | coveries of a sort. | One of the most interesting of these | revelations to an amateur home gar- | dener is the fac. that one should use i the plural rather than the singular, It is not “the ilac,” but “lilacs.” It will not do to think merely of | | petunias, but one should realize that | there are scores of varieties of them. | Even the humble zinnia, unfortunate- ly still regarded as & stiff, ugly flower | by too many, may be purchased in up- | ward of 75 different named varieties. x e The amateur who becomes interested | in the study of the lilac, for instance, | will find out shortly that he has stepped | into an entire garden. | No longer can ae think of the lilac as | just one lilac. | There are scores of different lflacs, | most of them bringing with them a magic human name, that of Lemoine, wao, father and son. originated them. Af. their nursery in Nancy, France | (whence came Emile Coue, who dealt with the human spirit), these two | hybridizers turned lilac into lilacs, lnd; | forced the flower lovers of the world to | | think plurally instead of singularly. | Magic names in flowerland, those of | Victor and Emile Lemoine. As long as peonies, successors to the cherished “pinies” of grandmother's garden, exist in a flower-loving world men and women will love their two great blooms, Le Cygne and Solange. R | Some one has said of the fragrance of the lilac that it is “the very heart and soul of memory.” This c:n be accepted by more people, | perhaps, than most such generzl state- | ments. Publicity has done its magic weX for the cherry trees; thousands upor thou- sands come to Washington to view them, But in every village, in every town, in every city, on every farm, thousands upon thousands of flower {riends wait this month through, in the hope of sm;mng the mnra mmfi sty ‘ew flowers of any sort, in America, are so closely uno.c?:g‘d with the home as the lilac. Its sturdy bushes ,row to be many feet high and scores of years old. There are authentic lilacs in the United States which are centenarians, and no doubt there are individual clumps much older. * K X % The llac has been mixed up in one of the most curious misunderstadings in the public mind. Althogh it has been grown for cen-~ turies, its recording as a botanical speci- men by sclentific men has peen a mat- ter of the last 300 years. As a matter of fact, it was cultivated in the gardens of Europe many, qu'fidy:;rr: before it was as a b growing in_Rumania, . S0 meager was the true knowledge of this fhn! that in some inexplica- ble way its sclentific name, Syringa, got transferred in the public mind to the Philadelphus, er mock orange. Even today hundreds of flower lovers call the mock orange the syrings, or sweet . Especially is this the common name, almost, in small towns the country over. This misapprehension came about partly because of the similarity of leaf and general structure, and particularly because both the lilac (which is the real and only syringa) and the mock orange leaf ou:' very early. * % x | When one says that there are many Miacs, not just ‘one, he should keep in mind, however, that for thousands of home gardeners there is but one Vulgaris, , after all, and that is ny We like that botanical use of vulgaris, Somehow it brings home to the mind of man, as few other words can, that there is nothing common in the vulgar, after all: that our modern use of the word “vulgar” is merely one restricted sppli- cation, and not & mniw one, either, of & term which y meant much more. No one can look at the glory of syringa vulgaris in bloom, especially he Wwill not be able to smell that very fra- ce of memory, and retain the belief | must that someth! labeled ** L of the necessarily be such as we word in ordinary usage. * x k% ‘When 9 out of 10 gardeners, even to-! day, think of Illlacs, they think of the blooms of syringa vulgaris, and mostly | in the purple variety. There is a white varlety, too, which is extensively grown, as it is much taller, and usually bears its pannicies at the top of the bush. Lven the home owner of the most uninvestigating turn of mind; however, will have noticed that even among com- mon lilacs there seem to be some | lbl:.m" which bloom before others, or ater, How does this come sbout? It happens because they are actually looking at the blossoms, perhaps, of bushes which they think to be speci- mens of syringa vulgaris, but actually are being borne on different species which have different blooming times. There are some 20 or more of these Species of lilacs, including the so-called Persian lilac, the Chinese lilac, the Japanese lflac, the villosa, etc. he “named varieties” have been bullt up by crossing, and are propagated by budding. grafting, layering and other means. “hese are interesting nursery | operations but it is scarcely necessary for the L-me owner to know much about them unless he happens to be particularly interested. * K x % Only by using the actual wood and buds can these flowers be propagated true to type. If seed from them is used there is no telling what one will get. ‘There are several hundred of these named lilacs in commerce, ranging from the Souvenir de Ludwig Spaeth, origi- nated by the Berlin grower of that name in 1883, to scores of newer things, such as Katl Havemeyer, origi~ nated by Emile Lemoine in 1922. The home gardener must stand some- what agog, in a horticultural sense, before this array of lilacs, where he thought there was only one lilac before. Now he will understand why, as he | POTV goes around town in middle May, he sees different colored lilac flowers, bushes of different habits of growth, and especially why some bushes bloom before others ll:d some very much later. o He can do no better if he wants to investigate lilacs personally in his own garden, than to put himself into the hands of some nc‘ompmm nursery- vice. This will not mean, however, that he shall not purchase accor: to his own taste and temperament. Named lilacs may be bought with flowers ranging from true llac through purple to very dark purple-red; some of them have pink , others are pure white. The matter of ce is some- thing, too, which the purchaser should look into as care as possible, There ls not.hxntgomon disappoisting than s lilac_without the typical lilac fragrance. The very soul, indeed, of the lilac is lacking in such a case. And if all this seems too much bother to some home owner, let him be reas- sured in this particular, that for all- around satisfaction he will find our old, dearly beloved common purple lilac as wonderful a shrub today as when it S i T P D oorways New - arm houses, e Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands RISH INDEPENDENT, The l ica has T on_cigarettes as a g:oflhble side lne. Cigarettes ve always been heavily taxed by the Federal Government and now it is proposed to tax them still more. At present the Federal Government takes 6 cents of the 15 paid by the smoker for the ordinary packet of the more popular brands, But that is not what gave the bootleggers a start in business. No fewer than 13 State Legislatures have now put on a local in same cases as high as 20 per cent, in addition to the Federal tax. immediate result has been an enormous illicit traffic across the bor- ders between these 13 tax States and the neighboring non-tax States. To make matters more ludicrous, the State Legislatures are, by the Constitution, deprived of all power to regulate in- terstate trade, so that they can neither levy import duties nor check the grow- ing parcels traffic between the non-tax States and their neighbors. * x % % German Industry Moves to England. Cologne Gazette —The firm of Peltzer Bros. is moving its manufactory to the City of Bradford, in England, from Krefeld. This company has for nu- merous decades been engaged in the fabrication of fine velvet cloth, but has found its markets constantly diminish- ing because of the embargoes raised agalnst importations of nearly every sart by foreign governments. As the | }chief consumer of Peltzer velvets was | England before the new tariff restris- tons went into eflect, they are seek- ing to evade this discrimination by making their industry a British one, though the Krefeld branch will stili function for the trade in Germany. The British branch, which will be united with a Bradford firm already manufacturing velvet in England, will thus be enabled to trade throughout the British Empire without discrim- inations, in Amer- * ok x % Fewer Chinese Emigrating to Siam. Bangkok Daily Mail—For those who have been insisting for months that i is a poor policy to continue to admit | thousands of Chinese immigrants into Siam each month when there are no jobs for them, the figures published re- | figures show that in the first full month of the new immigrution regulations the number of Chinese immigrants dropped | from 9579 (in November) to 1,356 (in| December), But it is not yet clear whether the| government intended to cut down immi- gration to this extent and it is not unlikely that the government will revise the immigration fees once more if the decrease registered in December con- linues through the months to come. Some months ago the ministry of finance, alluding to the new immigra- | tion regulations, announced that addi- , tonal revenue could be expected from this source. This would indicate that | the ministry of finance then expected j that the same number of immigrants would continue to come to Siam, but that they would pay the increased fees, thus producing more revenue. The December figures indicate that the same number of immigrants will not come | under the new regulations. They indi- cate that, despite the increased fees, the revenue from this source will be consid- erably less for th reason. We hops that this announcement from the ml.atry of finance was merely a polite way of soothing these persons who insist on mixing sentiment with about government will not revise present ec immigration down appreciably, We the ly. hope that the government has fiually | cently are definitely reassuring. These | 765, decided upon a policy of restriction and that it intends to stand by it until con- ditlons have changed. * %k x % Rebel Empioyes Scored in Costa Rica. La Tribuna, San Jose—Senor Luis Vives of the City Council will present a resolution to the next meeting of the municipality calling for the discharge of all employes, both of the corpo- ration and private enterprises, who took active part in the recent revolt. He will also ask his associates to abolish flu"fie posts nccu;‘z,lled by those who N engaged in an; isan po- litical effort during tbey r;'::tnt c&?no- paign and who are retained rather as| & reward for such activity than f need of their services. i s EE Tribute to Washington Was Written by Lee To the Editor of The Star: In the rotunda of the National Mu- seum, Natural History Bullding, there are four large panels, on which in large letters Napoleon, Gladstone, Abraham Lincoln and John Marshall ‘are quoted :h 'on. t"!:;y‘.!ohn "{i.m is cnd..l.z:‘d at saf estimate of Geo: ‘Washington: '!,Hm in war, flrltrg peace and first in the hearts of his countrymen.” Senator Albert J. Beveridge in “The Life of John Marshall,” volume 2, page 443, published the resolutions of Con- gress upon news having reached the | Capitol at Philadelphia of the death of Washington. In the resolutions the phrase appeared for the first time. John Marshall was a member of Con- gress and presented the resolutions and it was known at the time that Hen Lee, who was also a member of Con- gress from Virginia, was the man who wrote the resolutions. Three years before his death Mar- shall attempted to clear up any exist- ing impression that he, and not Lee, was the author of this famous expres- sion. Beveridge includes the following statement by Marshall, written at that later time, along with the resolutions in | Congress. John Marshall wrote: “You will see the fact stated in & note to the preface of the Life of Washington (by Marshall) on page 441, volume 2, and Again in a note to the fifth volume, page Whenever the subject has been mentioned in my presence, I have in- variably stated that the resolution was drawn by Gen. Lee.” Reference to the funeral oration by QGen. Henry Lee, dellvered on Decem- ber 26, 1799, before the two Houses of Congress, shows that he used these same words in a sentence, which, in full, was as follows: “First in war, first in peace and first in the hearts of his | th countrymen, he was second to none in the humble and endearing scenes of private life.” E‘e National Museum Evidently the szl at t! be recalled in the interests of that shoul better Bicentennial history. J. E. JONES. — U. 8. Cities Also “Sunk.” Prom the Indianapolis News. One Italian town sank E:ound. and American tax ve sev eral large cities half ———————— “Automatic Lighters.” Prom the Fort Wayne News-Sentinel. We'll never believe that “automatic lighters” had anything to do with the Swedish match king's sgicide. s e SIS “Overbalancing” the Budget. Prom the Toledo Blade. rE I inter who executed into the spenders sunk. struggle of the copquests of nature that NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM LG M PUBLIC HEALTH IN NEW YORK STATE. Report of the New York State Health Commission Albany: State Office Building. About two years ago Gov. Franklin Roosevelt appointed the commission which, since that time, has been en- g:.d in making a health survey of the ipire State. In conjunction with the survey itself, definite research has been made by the commission. Facts have been gathered. Plans and a program of action, all bearing upon the subject, have been formulated and are already functioning measurably for the in- creased wellbeing of the States as a whole. At the head of this officially organ- ized body stands President Livingston Farrand of Cornell University. Assist- ing is State Health Commissioner Thomas Parran, jr. * ox % % “Public health should be the State's paramount interest and the success or faflure of any government must be measured by the wellbring of its citi- zens.” Such the official announcement cf the Governor of the State of New York. e Public health is a component part of ccnservation as & whole, an essential and vital part. General health depends upon the sum of individual health. Prevention of disease is fast becom- the main approach of science to the subject of medical consideration and treatment. Therefore the profession of i dicine, sanitation, hyglere, public education and genuine social philan- thropy are uniting their forces in posi- tive recognition of prevention as the bulwark of competent, healthy, progres- sive and happy communities. * % x % ‘The volume in hand embodies, broad- ly, report and recommendation. The second drawn directly from the first |anc of a character as well to meet con- ditions of certainly a decade to come. Moreover, in treatment and scope it is cd-tlukl;‘lfd v.oms;:e u':og‘ell. or clear sugg! o Sta over the country where similar needs and prob- lems exist. New York stands as a pio- neer in a fully organized and projected program of conservation in respect to its_citizenry. Tuberculosis, high death rate among children, fecble children, unnecessary suffering and danger to mothers in childbirth—these, the causes of concern, accor of the commission. unegual distribution of disease throughout the State, another point of pause and ac- tion. Investigation proved that the basis of such inequality is ce, indifference, lack of neighborhood spirit. Bo’,nmeth.lng like the old town n to be encouraged, local pride, emulation with other dis- tricts in ways of health, cleanliness, g:enmu cleared of lumber, blossoming competition between this town and that one across the river for the “best” this, that or the other. The objective, better living conditions, dis- guised under the inherent rivalries by way of which the humen gets ahead. A valuable report. A ploneer of tre- mendous import. Moreover, this is a readable study, not merely to officials and social workers. To the ave to the you and the me—it is an inter- esting and suggestive book. Just a word about the “fs tor” as these commissioners travelin; about New York have found him to be You remember perfectly what he used to be—not so much of a doctor, but, neve a comfortable fellow to have around, a pellet or pill now and then to lift the mind and convey | the notion of cure. A step nearer than | the preacher, and not so terrifying. Well, that doctor has gone. Yes, a “family doctor” has taken his place. An alert, trained, intelligent man, pro- fessionally speaking. A wise man, understanding and more besides. The book is worth the layman's reading, just for that new doctor. But there is much besides. And, after all, it is an official document designed for official schooling and action. Admirably does it ugpenr to fit that design. copy of “Public Health in New York State” will move over to the desk | of our doctor in The Star clinic, where it s bound to serve a useful purpose in the theme that is everybody's business, every professional man’s immediate and active concern. * % kX | CONSERVATION IN THE DEPART- MENT OF THE INTERIOR. By Ray Lyman Wilbur, Secretary, and William Atherton Du Puy, executive assistant. Washington: United States Government Printing Office. Water, oil, natural gas, public lands, national parks, the Indians, children, the United States itself as a single do- | main—these are the great themes that herd into this volume under the benefi- cence of conservation, that young giant of natfonal security, of national ex- “'S‘" even. ; I escription, exposition and argument carry forward, in 15 chapters, the top- les already named. Hundreds of illus- trations serve further to illuminate the text. A scientific spirit of exactitude dominates the whole. Clarity of de- smptriun and discussion r;)‘:nd this sum | of information upon the single point of t.h;?:tudy :;l:l’l. at pof argument for a d T understanding of the great subject o conversation and, such understanding secured, for & useful co-operation be- tween State and Federal powers and agencies. Conservation of effort be. tween the two might properly be ealled the title of this pivotal point of the treatment as a whole, Yes, the book is, liters But here is invitation. Not repulse, such. as the mere name ‘report” implies. Here are 15 chapters of advenure, ro- mance even, having to do with man working to thwart and tame wild na- ture. Man, dauntless, ingenious, uncon- querable, watering desert places with once vagrant and heedless streams, ally, a report. Ty | mindful only of the'- rendezvous with the sea. Diverting them to the service of man in fertile flelds, in water power, in waterways for commerce. An amaz- ing story that turns plain enterpiise lntAD zomnnnc n‘chievemem. nd each of these subjects—pubdlic lands, national parks, the saving tg use- ;!ulness those natural products, oil acd natural gas, all become the record of man’s triumph over the prodigality of nature. over its unconcern for man himself. Concservation of: the child brings out the story of the United States Blllamu of Education. Thirty million children are in its public school houses. In a position to see the whole field, this bu- Teau is able to collect from one source {and another facts and programs and usages that are useful to all. It does this. Education is never at a standstill, since life itself is not, so it is vital for some high and overlooking agency to point upon and advance for all {to see and follow. And how different | the are to be under the !new order! More attention to bodies, more joy in the e of learn- ing more life in the school room and in the text books. ! ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS main- . Write plainly, coin or stamps for Q. If a piicher is taken out of the | box to play a different ition during a base ball game, can be returned | to the pitcher's position?—A. J. D, i A. He can, Q. Is near beer made from the same materials that were used for beer be- fore prohibition?—A. Q. Why isn't Arbor day celebrated on the same day throughout the coun- ?—H. W. - of the difference in A, Because climatic conditioms, the best date for tree planting varies with locality. . 'What is meant by & pompler used in fighting?—A. R. A. Pompler is a French word lit- erally meaning a fireman; from pompe meaning & pump. In its modern use in English the word 18 used in the sense of a fireman’s scaling ladder. Q. Who was the Lord Calvert after whom a number of things, such as food products and hotels, have been named?—D. H. A. There never has been a Lord Calvert, Calvert is the family name of the Lords Baltimore. Inasmuch as no Lord Baitimore ever was in Amer- ica, but sons or brothers of such lords who bore the name of Calvert repre- sented them here, usion has and the title of lord has been attached to Calvert, whereas it should be at- tached only to Baltimore. Q. How much do the bank clearings amount to weekly?—F. M. A. They fluctuate with seasons, but average around $10,000,000,000 a week. It has been estimated that 95 per cent { the Nation’s commerce is carried on ¥ith checks, Q. How should screens be cared for? These are not copper screens—W. B. A. Screen doors and window screens when being stored away for the Win- ter should be thoroughly brushed and cleaned and perfectly dry. When the screens are taken out in the Spring they should be brushed and cleaned before hanging and if a light coat of screen paint is applied before they are Fut up the screens should last in. definitely. In doing this any little spot that might have a tendency to rust would be covered and thus prevented from rusting or deteriorating. Q. What is a hammer toe?—J. B. A. It is a toe, usually the toe next t the big toe, which is doubled under, there being mot sufficient skin on the | under toe to permit it to straighten | ot Such toes are due to a deformity | of the feet which is often hereditary. Q. What was the name of the white (man who was so familiar with the Jan- |guage and manners of the Arabs that |he was able to join the pllgrims and | enter the sacred city of Mecca?—M. W. | _A. Sir Richard Burton was the first | Englishman to enter Mecca, the first to explore Somaliland, and the first to find the Great Lakes of Central Africa. He was so skilled in the lore of the desert that he could travel almost any | | | { | arisen | of the Lee family. BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. famous traveler, the most cele- brated is his translation of the *. | burned by his widow on account of its pornographic content. The destruction of this has been counted a great loss to literature. The devoted wife of Burton arranged a unique tomb for him {in the form of an Arab tent of stone i and marble, | Q What is the difference between gle%r ,rnd fair in a weather report?— | A. Clear signifies not only no rain, | snow or sleet ahead, but & sky prac- | tically free from clouds, while fair, also promising no precipitation, does not exclude some clouds from the sky. { Q What does the phrase Pay through the nse mean?—C. D, A. It means to pay exorbitantly or = unwillingly at once the full amount. Q. Has the Library of Louvain whith was destroyed during the World War been restored?—A. D. A. The Library of Louvaln was re- opened on July 18, 1929. Various na- | tons gave books which were already in place at the time of the opening. Ger- many replaced 300,000 volumes, The | British donation amounted to 55,000 | books. France gave 33,000, Japan col- ‘lemed £20,000 for the reconstruction of the library. The bullding of the Lou- \;;;x; Library began in the Summer of | Q. Who was the first Emperor of Japan?—C. W. 8, | A Chronologically, Japanese history dates back to 660 B. C., when the Emperor Jimmu, the first Emperor of Japan, ascended the throne. Q. Who were the last survivors o* the Revolutionary War and of the War of 1812?—L. M. A. Danfel C. Dakeman was the last pensioner of the Revolutionary War. He died 86 years after the close of the war, at the age of 109 years 8 months t.hn;xk. dlxyl.).l:n"‘:pl'ul”i'.1 1869. Hiram was t] t surviving pensioner of the War of 1812. He died on May éi. 1905, at the age of 105 years 16 ys. Q. Is the membership in the Church of God, which broadcasts over WJSV, confined to Washington?—L. N. A. Elder L. Michaux, pastor of Radio Church of God, says that it has a mem- bership spreading over an area as far North as Canada, as far South as Florida, and throughout various parts of America. Its membership is made ggmax both white and colored Ameri- [&ns. statians, Indians, Koreans, Cub- | ans, Welsh, Dutch, Jews and Africans, Its door is open to all nationalities. | Q What are the divisions of the cir- ‘vulugwrv system of the human body?— H E R A. The central pumping station, or | heart, the distributing system, or ar- teries: the terminal fine divisions of the system which deliver blood to the tis- | sues, called caplllaries, and the collect= ing system, or veins. Q. Where can I secure a copy of | Newton D. Baker's address at the tomb of Woodrow Wilson?>—C. T. | . A. Prom the Woodrow Wilson Foun- | dation, P. O. Box 5, Hudscn Terminal Annex, New York. Q What is done with the funds raised through admission fees churged visitors to Virginia gardens during the week they are open to the public?— 8. D. E. A. The admission fees are pooled and devoted to the restoration of some pub- licly owned garden. This year the fund will go to Stratford, the famous home ‘Rival Factions Conflict between Gov. Roosevelt and former Gov. Smith is recognized as | motivating the selection of Senator | Alben W. Barkley of Kentucxy for key- i note speaker and Jouett Sbouse for per- manent chairman, the two representing, respectively, the opposing interests “Opinions will differ as to the com- parative importance of the temporary and permanent chairmen,” says the Providence Journal (independent), with the comment that “the former has the adventage of being the party keynoter,” and that “he can splurge rhetorically to his heart's content,” and that “he can give the convention proceedings an in- itial hue of his own,” while "the per- manent c has an important in- fluence as the determiner of parlia- mentary disputes. (8. C) Evening Post Mthere were enough chairmanships to go around.” That paper continues: “Of course, the convention is not bound by the recommendation of the commit- tee, and, as a matter of fact. there is serious question as to the propriety of the committee making a recommenda- tion to the convention of & chairman. But, since the course was l{l’eed ‘upon by mutual concession, it will undoubt- edly be carried through. Thus some- thing like equilibrium between the con- testing factions is established, a very necessary thing unless the nomination, over which there is almost certain to be a stiff struggle, is to be no more than an_empty honor.” The prospects of carrying out the plan are discussed by the Charlotte Ob- server (independent Democratic) with the statement: “Barkley is a Roosevelt man; Shouse stands by Smith, so this arrangement is regarded as in the na- ture of a compromise between the two factions, in the interest of ‘harmony.’ While tite National Committee is to pass finally on the action of the ‘Ar- rangement’ Committee, there is but lit- tle doubt the plan :dnrud will be in. dorsed, even if a departure from the usual custom. The Roosevelt fol. lowing might develop some dissatisf: tion over the permanent chairman ar- nn&ummt. for this element is largely in the majority and may take the view that ths tall should be given to Smith and the head to Roosevelt, along with all the hide between.” * ok xR “The cause of harmony probably would have been served better had men more nearly acceptable to both sides been chosen,” advises the Houston Post (Democratic), and that paper offers the comment: “The two extremes in the rty will be represented. in the two convention chairmanships. On the face of it, that ml‘hm appear to indicate har- mony. In probability, however, it presages an increasingly bitter fight be- tween the Roosevelt and Smith fac- “Senator Barkley's selection may be regarded as & triumph for the velt faction,” the South Bend | Read the Indian story, from the com- ing of the Spaniard to the West and Southwest on to his ultimate defeat and degradation. Read of life on the Indian reservations now. See what you think about it. See what you are going to do about it. For, after all, it is your business and mine, since we make this Government—so w: are told—just what we will to have i. So—what about the Indians on the reservations? To name even the high points of this book is impossible. To indicate the absorbing interest of it is not easy. And the average reader, the lucky reader, is likely to lose the argument for an intelligent concert of action be- tween State and Nation, and this is the point of the whole matter. No, not to lose 1t but to forget it now and then in the m&l&u fascination of the here In this man to A wily creature, m‘gammm Mpubllc&, al- T, supportin - Position party, déclares; “¥he New nature. But man is willer and more o, ek bl of specific_proof you & that lugadxmuk the ;haa'u‘tn:l m. read W oung - lowers did u-n’h:: Salt Lake region. We for too long withheld tribute this from “Fortunately,” thinks the Charleston | (Democratic), | Feepresented » By Two Democratic Chairmen York Governor's muga position | questionably has been el somination. un- ced in the | Iast month. His | two-thirds rule févors the anti-Roose- | velt faction. More, the Roosevelt pri- |mary and convention wvictories up to | date do not justify belief that he would |be a winner in the presidential cam- ign it the namination went to him. ost of the Democratic delegates pledged to him during March were in States which always have gone Repub- | lican in presidential elections.™ “Senator Barkley has been a delegate to every Democratic National Conven- tion since 1920 states the Butte Montana Standard (Democratic), “and has been high in the councils of the party's national organization. In the Senate he is a member of the Commit- tee on Library, Interstate Commerce, Pinance and Banking and Currency. Some months ago Barkley enjoyed & mild boom as a Democratic presidential possibility, which was rather of a native-son character, but which attest- | ed his high party standing in his own | State. As aofficial keynoter, and f | spirational welkin ringer, Senator Ba: | ley can be depended upon to deliver the goods. All Kentuckians are orators, the only distinction being that some ere better than others.” The Rockford | Register-Republic (Republican) assumes | that “his selection as keynoter indicates | that he is destined in the future to | play an even more important part in | national Democratic councils than has | been his lot in the past.” * x X % “He will doubtless speak as a party man,” acc to the Nashville Ban- ner, “viewing the obligations and op- | portunities of his party rather than | service of the political fortunes of any | individual* The New York Sun (in- dependent) holds that his selection “will not please the wet Democracy of :I:delll%, but a bargain had to be “‘Democrats are justified.” thinks the Roanoke Times (Democratic), “in ex- pecting a finished oratorical gem when the Kentuckian advances to the front of the rostrum and speaks into the bat- tery of microphones which will carry his words not only to the vast audience before him, but to an even larger num- ber of ynseen listemers throushout the oountry.” “Are such exhibitions worth anything, the Lynchburg News inquires, “except to amuse the cynical? In short, is it necessary for ‘keynoters’ to be as they are? It fsn't, but it would be difficult to convince the ‘keynoters' themselves of that fact. They are as they are because politics is what it is. Feed the people on bunk, and make 'em like it—that's the way a operates, and the proof of the fact that there must be something to the system lies in the fact that he usu- ally gets away with it.” R ] Maryland Avenue Paving Is Held Deplorable To the Editor of The Star: In your gravure section for Sunday you published the picture of Permsyl- venia avenue taken in the year the Civil War closed, sho doing to the Great | With that come out! pects