Evening Star Newspaper, February 7, 1932, Page 26

2 e e s ¥ THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. €, FEBRUARY 7, 1932—PART TWO. e Living by Faith {THE EVENING STAR WASHINGTON, D. C. PUNDAY.......February 7, 1832 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor -— The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office 11th St. and Pennssivania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd 8t. Ghicaso Offce: Lake Michisan Bulldin uropean Offce: 14 Regent 8., Londol Rate by Ca Englan, ier Within the City. ;he Evening Star he Evening a wen 4 Sundavs 45c per month ar 4 ) . - :680¢ per month g and Sunday Star ~...65¢ per month day Star 3 5c_per copy on made at the end of ‘each month. be sent in by mall or telepnone Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance, * Maryland and Virginia. ..1¥r.$1000: 1 mo., 85c 1yr. $6.00: 1mo.. 50c 1yr., $4.00; 1 mo., 40c All Other States and Canada. . $12.00: 1 mo., $1.00 + $8.00; 1mo., " 75¢ + $5.00; 1mo., B0c Member of the Associated Press. exclusively ation of all news d or not otherwise cre and also the local news Al s of publication of h are also reserved. Impossible Conclusions. which is completed the artlcle else- In the with publication of series examinations of edmparative together with & resume the arguments that accompanied findings, have been reviewed. cle concerns itself prin- iscussion of the meth- wed by the Mapes committee in arriving at the conclusion that the District is undertaxed. The itself is questioned by the Mapes Committee's own discov- ery that whereas the percentage of in- assessed valuations between 1930 ranged from Portland’s e lowest) to Rochester's 127.09 est) in the case of cities com- th Washington, the increase been 161.36; that whereas crease in total tax m Atlanta’s 23.26 (the Rochester 8 (the high- the case of cities compared wi ease here has been percentage e other cities age of in-| : increase of | 13.33 per cent, as| he average tax rate in- for the other s can be studied mind that whereas age of increase of es has been 17.06, ation increase 1 has been only 11.3 i ons of tax | of those conclusion crease in 1920 and (the pared W | ¢ of r cent gation at the Hoover-Washington Air- port. Two plans are now under dis- cussion. One is to have the towers fold up like telescopes at night. The other is to have two great jets of water spouting up from what would be the base of the towers. Both schemes, ac- cording to Col. Ulysses S. Grant, 3d, director of public buildings and public parks, are entirely practical. I neither of these plans is adopted, it 15 to be hoped that the commission will keep on with its work until the problem is finally solved. It is cer- tain that some manner can be found not only to protect the heavy volume of trafic at the airport, but to com- plete the great bridge artistically. The ‘Washington-Hoover Field is cne of the busiest in the East, and with its pro- posed enlargement and increased fa- cilities for handling air passenger traffic will doubtless become the hub of aviation activity throughout this entire section. ‘The bridge, which was conceived years ago and which has only just been opened, is a structure of magnificent proportions and is a credit to the Na- tional Capital. ‘There is no reason to believe, however, that & compromise cannot be effecied between the needs of the new span for its beauty and the needs of the airport for safety to fiyers and passengers. It is with this end in view that the com- mission is now laboring, and in its task it has the support of all Wash- ingtonians. +—on—s A Billion and a Quarter Hoarded. Forty national organizations, with & total membership of several million people, have been marshaled by Presi- dent Hoover in a campaign against the hoarding of money. Yesterday at the White House at & conference between the President and the heads of these groups the preliminaries of the under- taking to get out of their hiding places approximately & billion and a quarter dollars were effected and pledges were given by the representatives of the or- ganization that they will endeavor to persuade their assoclates to recognize the urgent need of bringing this vast sum back into use in trade and invest- ment This is not merely a “spending cam- paign” It is not an effort to bring about the stimulation of business sim- ply through the buying of goods. It is designed to overcome the panic fear of millions of people that has caused them to withdraw their dollars from currency and to put them in vaults and safes and other hiding places. Every hoarded dollar is & dollar lost, for the period of its secretion. It is | 1ost to the owner, and lost to the world | of business. The withdrawal of it from currency weakens the financial founda- tions of the country. Never before in the history of the United States has there been such a 1015 and 1930 have | ton’s tax burden 1:‘ as the Mapes TePOTL | wover pofore have such forces been | atement of the tre- se in assessment and tax 10 years, RS | of other cities, | v the Mapes report’s gton 1s now un- | compared Wit the Mapes report conclu- ethod of reaching it must and, in addition, the | lead contradictory | be shown to be worth- justified to today's Star raises cer- ately contest the pes report method parative tax bur- t is found, \H\h‘ hod by pointing damental among of determining of assessed value to full ‘The Mapes com= which it adopts as rep- other cities, en the simple them to per showsthat Wash- A full value realty as- | capita of a mustering of the forces of financial and industrial recovery from depression. available. Today through legislation | and through organization of the citi- | zenry of the country agencies are at work for the revival of trade, for the reduction of unemployment, for the restoration of confidence. The man who today despairs of the recovery of the economic health of the United States is deaf to reassurances based upon the widest and wisest knowledge of the history of organized humanity. He is blind to the Yisible organization of America. Millions of people are today idle be- cause trade is dull, because business is slack, because industry is below par. All this is the result of panic fear, which in the beginning arose from the deflation of highly overvalued securi- ties. Like the traditional line of bricks, one fall caused another. A cumulative effect followed in the successive ecur- tailments of expenditures by individuals, the gradual shortening of sales, the re- duction of working forces, the suspen- sion of undertakings. False optimism, induced by hope rather than judgment, caused occa- nal repetitions of disappointment. The bottom had not been reached. ared; which st Ity assess- | st property | is greater | of such larger | Louis, Baltimore, San Francisco, Mil- That such a con- ¢ exist cannot be s of these aised to mythical low is established hows that | - | 150 tests the accuracy of committee’s yardstick by the same instru- between other ich produces 2s to show that in Waco, Tex, is twice - tax burden in Dallas of that the tax burden in 1 twice as high g results as could be con- ly to show that the tax in Dubuque, I is higher , the tax burden in Chicago, Ill, h burden in Troy, N. Y., is r higher than aking the Mapes re- can one accept as truth on that the people of Louis- pay $308 real estate tax on a $10,000 property, while the people of miles away and with greater by 140,000, only that the people of St. Louis (population, 821,950) pay $176 on property while the (population, 253,143) n such fables by the Citizens' Joint tee in 1920: “You cannot breed bility by crossing tax rates with lies or widely varying local guesses concerning ‘full valuation.' Heredity taints with falsity and per- meates with deception every atom of the offspring of such parents.” If the Mapes committee method is faulty, which is admitted, its conclu- sions are faulty, which is established. r———— truth and rel A Compromise Required. 1t is gratifying to the increasing hosts who use the sky as a means of trans- n to and from Washington that rlington Memorial Bridge Com- is actively at work on plans g the proposed construction of the two 200-foot towers on the Virginia side of the structure, which, if er would e a distinct menace to air | ten billions. Has it been reached now? Not if the people of America continue to ignore the fundamental laws which command the maintenance of the established and ever-rising standards of living. But that they will so ignore those laws is not now to be believed, in the light of these successive steps toward reorganiza- tion and rehabilitation and the restora- tion of confidence. So the slogan sounds: Bring out the | hoarded dollars and put them to work. They have caused a credit deflation of Their reappearance will restore that credit, will revive indus- try, will provide employment for mil- lions of workers, will swell the volume of money spent for goods and will put the Nation on its feet economically more speedily than can be effected through any other agency. e The sheriff and a former sheriff of New York have been indicted for grand larceny. Those “wonder boxes” some- times contain bombs, and “stink bombs,"” at that. —————————— The French Proposal. As its contribution to the discussicn of the disarmament problem France has come forward with a proposal for an international police force. With such a police force to keep the interna- tional peace, it is argued, the nations could dispense with huge armaments. Peace would be assured because the nations of the world, providing the police force, would stand ready to put down by armed force any outbreak anywhere. The plan for an interna- tional police force is not new. It was suggested at the time the League of Na- tions was created, but was abandoned. The French proposal will not find much sympathy in the United States. THe American people do not look with favor on a plan which would compel American soldiers and sailors to take part in strife in all parts of the world, strife in which this country has no di- rect interest. Nor will Americans, who believe that this country has a right, an obligation, to work out its own destiny, look sympathetically upon ar international police force designed to compel America to obedience to its will, even if the American people feel that they have adopted a course that meets with their conception of right and justice. The plan presented at the Geneva Disarmament Conference by M. Tardieu, the French minister of war and head signs of reviving vitality in the economic | as a surprise. If adopted and carried into practical effect, it is urged by op- ponents, the plan would insure main- tenance of the status quo in Europe and in the rest of the world. This status quo is bitterly resented by many of the peoples of Europe and by those in the United States who have denounced the Versailles treaty. Already members of the Senate Foreign Relations Commit- tee, including Senator Borah of Idaho, chairman, and Senator Fess of Ohio, chairman of the Republican National Committee, have turned thumbs down on the French proposition. Even if the Geneva conference agreed to write a ! treaty providing for an international police force, it would not be ratified by the Senate of the United States today. ‘The proposal, after all, is to carry the League of Nations idea to the highest degree, to place back of the League the force of arms. The United States has never adhered to the League, I the leading politicians in the country today have gauged the sentiment of the coun- try correctly, there is strong opposition to the entry of this country into the League. Perhaps the French, who in the past have stood firmly against disarmament unless they have in exchange a ‘se- curity pact,” have put forward their plan for an international police force as & buffer, to avoid the charge that they were instrumental in making limi- tation of all armaments impossible at the Geneva conference. Their proposal for an international police force comes with the impact of & stunning surprise. r——— ‘The 1952 model motor car is adver- tised as having “a dual personality.” JMany an older “bus’ is similarly afficted and the owners doubtless wish they had more Jekyll and less Hyde about them. Also, there are far too many in operation which suffer from senile dementia. e ‘The recommendation is made that the new Arlington-Mount Vernon High- way should have an adjoining dirt path- way for pedestrians. The trouble is that such folks will not stay there, but will insist on exercising their thumbs right out on the main roadwa: RN, The Argyll and Sutherland Highland- ers have landed in the Eastern “war” zone. The pipers and drummers of such a unit can quell any ordinary disturbance by themselves, but, un- fortunately, in this case the combatants are too thoroughly accustomed to their own national noisemakers. | | | ———— | A statistician discloses the fact that Gov. Roosevelt and former Gov. Smith in simultancous speeches used, respec- | tively, 3300 and 750 different words |1t may be noted in passing that the vocabulary of the average voter is about | 1,000 words. v —e— | The Community Chest differs In a number of respects from a trunk. One is that the key thereto is never packed at the very bottom, to be dug down for, but hangs in plain sight and ready for | use at all times. | e | 1t Milwaukee, Louisville and other ies do not refrain from boasting about their “full treasuries,” some day a gang of tough towns will come along and stick them up. 3 B ~What is considered “right cute” in a small boy is often intolerable in a grown man. Sympathy was pretty generally | with Japan back in 1904. | e SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Consummation. The scientist In learned terms Prepares a list Of dreadful germs. With manners rude And tricks unfair, They're in the food And in the air. Whate'er you eat, You risk an ache. In fear complete A breath you take. But science yet Will find a way ‘This constant fret To quite allay. Wisdom will win. A day will come When all dwell in A vacuum. The Sign of Superiority, “Some of the primitive instincts | linger in the highest civilization,” said | the statesman | “Yes," replied the ethnologist; “many of our communities cannot get away | from the idea savages all have that a man who manages to get possession of a high silk hat is thereby qualified to be a leader.” Counting Up. | “Think of the golden moments you | have wasted playing bridge” said the serfous friend. “Yes,” replied Miss Cayenne, regret- fully, “besides a lot of silver coin and paper currency. | | The Discoverer. Of faults a seeksr he would be. Of recompense he found a dearth, Save in the truthful claim that he Had picked the easiest job on earth. The Real Figure. “That prima donna hasn't much of a figure,” said the coldly critical per- son. “You have:the wrong idea,” replied the impresario. “In order to admire her figure properly you must quit look- BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D, LL. D, Bishop of Washinston, Text: “Faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.”—Hebrews, zi.1. Seated one day in the office of a great manufacturer, I was fascinated by hav- ing him observe to me that a text that had greatly inflienced his thought and life was the above passage from the epistle to the Hebrews. The thing that really surprised me was his recognition of the transcendent importance of that which he could not see and handle. I remarked to him thal he was greatly engrossed in a vast material enter- prise and that his acceptance of the implications of the text was strikingly significant. 1In the face of all his con- suming occupations he was placing his reliance in that which to his mind was greater than the large enterprise over which he presided. To “walk by faith” may to the practical man of affairs seem to be a strange course, and yet most of our life is prosecuted in this way. We begin each day with more or less of a plan, but the plan is largely conditioned by the faith we have, not only in our own capacities, but in a higher and directing power that super- intends and determines each step of the way. We are largely creatures gov- erned by hope, and hope that is based upon faith in ourselves and faith in others, but above all else faith in Him in whose hands are the issues of life. We may find it difficult at times to de- fine our faith in precise terms, but we should certainly be reckless were we to | attempt to fulfill the duties of each day and to assume the responsibilities | that come to us without definiteness and fixity of faith. It is to us the sub- | stance of things hoped for, the evi- | dence of things not seen. In every | relation of life we exerclse faith. When our children are away from us our faith in their integrity and their adherence to what we would have them be is complete. Friendship is condi- tioned by this same indefinable mental practice One of my close friends once said to | me, “Somehow I seem to feel your in- fluence more when you are absent than | when you are present.” It was an ex- | | | | | pression of his faith in a friendshi; that had been strong and fruftfal. 4 The whole commercial structure is largely governed by faith, the assur- ance that that for which we have no written evidence will be fulfilled to the letter. Let this assurance be disturbed or_challenged and it produces a panic. In the higher ranges of our life, how- ever careless we may be in our devo- tional practice, we have a deep con- viction that life is governed by some- thing other than fortuitous circum- stances. The faith of the child saying its simple prayer may seem to be out of consonance with our more mature thought, but it is identical with the inarticulate faith we employ when, in our riper years, we commit ourselves and all we have to the keeping power of God. When we cease to have such faith our expectations suffer paralysis and our hopes are unfulfilled. Care- lessly & man or woman may say that they “have lost their faith,” but it is & statement that is utterly reckless and that implies defeat. The old missionary who had as his motto, “Dare great things for God, expect great things from God,” had the right idea. In the face of manifold difficulties his career was marked by high accomplishment. We believe that what our friend the manufacturer sald to us can be cul- tivated and made more effective. Re- peatedly our Lord in dealing with the problems of men asked the question, HBV(‘» ye faith?” “Canst thou be- lieve?" “All things are possible to him that believeth.” To a distracted father whose faith was small but sincere He granted his request when he declared: “Lord I believe, help thou my unbelief.” If we could make faith more real to the minds of our children and more indispensable—yes, more practical in its relation to the main issues of life—we should certainly make it more effective and more appealing. To go to one's knees in the morning before entering upon the day’s duties, and to lay one's plans before God, means to lend strength to mind and heart and to render the plans more possible of ac- complishment. “Faith is the sub- stance of things hoped for, the evi- dence of things not seen.” Democratic Pre-Con Will Be Clarified by BY GEORGE VAN SLYKE. 1 NEW YORK. February 6 —Now that Alfred E. Smith, standard bearer in 1928, is about to emerge from his long silence and declare his position in re- spect to his own and other candidacies for the nomination for President, the situation in the Democratic party will be clarified in the next few days and the conditions of the pre-convention contest much simplified and improved. He will tell the party in a statement on Monday just what he is going to do. Every effort made in the last six months to force Mr. Smith into the open has failed, but the accumulative result is to make it necessary to tell his friends in New England States whether o: not they are free to enter him in their primaries and go forth to battle for him. For months Mr. Smith has been under cover and un- certainty as to his plans has been a big obstacle in the way of Gov. Frank- lin D. Roosevelt and other candidates. The opposition to Gov. Roosevelt, the leader in the race, has been looking to Mr. Smith to bring about a coalition of favorite-son States and the wet East- ern wing of the party as a one-third veto power to stop Mr. Roosevelt. If the former Governor assumes that dif- ficult task and announces he will make an aggressive fight to head off his suc- cessor at Albany, it will be a great sur- prise to the Democracy in the East. * ok X % Democratic leaders in the Atlantic Coast States who have been urging Mr. Smith to step out in front may be due for a big disappointment. While his | forthcoming statement is being care- fully safeguarded. his associates and friends who know his mind do not ex- pect him {o essay the role of anti-| Roosevelt leader. More likely, he will| take a hands-off position, declaring | neutrality on all candidacies and tech- | nically remaining in the race himself, | although not battling for delegates. He will leave his case in the hands of his friends and not antagonize any candi- date. in all probability. Managers of Gov. Roosevelt's cam- paign will welcome Mr. Smith’s decla- ration, whatever it may be, preferring even open hostility to continued uncer- tainty. If it means a fight, the Roose- velt people are ready for it. | * ox K x The latest canvass of States and delegates made by the Roosevelt ad- herents shows that the New York ex- ecutive has greater strength in the second-line reserves than has been credited to him by either friend or foe Instead of waiting for a coalition to form, the Roosevelt managers are tak- | ing the initiative in breaking down the | fusion movement artayed against him, and the success of that has given | fresh inspiration to his friends in nu- merous States The opposition to Gov. Roosevelt has been proceeding on the theory that all forces not lined up for him could be relied upon to fuse into a unit which would hold together long enough to | bring about a deadlock in the conven- tion, eliminating the New York man and forcing a compromise. Without waiting for further develop- | ments, the Roosevelt managers have | attacked that problem vigorously. The claim now is made that the Governor has more delegates ready to swing to | him from the favorite-son States than | his opponents can control. He is sec- ond choice in several of the State dele- | gations now tied up to favorite sons, it | is claimed, and in the event of & break | after the first ballot the drift would be | heavier to him than to any other can-| didate. ok K X Gov. Roosevelt's surprising’ reserve strength among the so-called allied forces has come into evidence several times in the developments of the last few days. His rejection of the League of Nations, his stand for America first and his tariff position, as outlined in his first national speech, have helped him along while his enemies have been waiting for Mr. Smith to do something. Now the attitude of the Roosevelt boomers {s that it does not make much difference what Mr. Smith and the favorite sons do as long as it is in the open, so that the challenge to his candidacy may be met and dealt with. The supreme confidence shown by the Roosevelt managers is not shaken by anything, evidently. * oK K K Political claims in the early stages| of a campaign always are extravagant. That is the way the politicians show confidence. The Roosevelt men now ing at her and think about her salary.” A Word From the Roadside, Never min' dat raliroad. Never min’ dat ship. Yoh uncle he des g'ineter walk ‘When he go on a trip. Wheels kin keep a-buzzin' An’ pass me on de street, But I keeps movin’ cn my way. I's thankful foh my feet. Stokin’ up de ingine, Flyin' th'oo de air. Folks is des’ like bullets An’ you dodge 'em everywhere. In spite of his inventions His$ comfort ain’ complete; White man’s usin’ up his brains A-savin' of his feet. “When a man borrows money,” said Uncle Eben, “he’s liable to git tws ted, fi\‘l- of the French delegation, comes, indeed, people worried ’stid of only one." boast they have 675 delegates in the bag. That, of course, cannot possibly be correct, because only a dozen or so delegates have been picked and in- structed. What they mean is a count of delegates of all the States whose leaders are in touch with him and his managers and who have indicated their preference for him. Many things might happen between now and the meeting of the convention in June to upset that reckoning. However, impartial estimates made on the basis of commitments and dec- larations of preference do show that at this time Gov. Roosevelt has a little, more than 500 potential votes in sight. The actual count now puts the figure at 540, and that is a tremendous lead— lead enough that it should suffice with- out making wild claims. * kK The new angle in this reckoning, which comes as a surprise and shock to the anti-Roosevelt forces, and which seems to be fairly well substantiated, is that more than 100 delegates, who are as members of the opposi- tion, are favorite-son supporters who vention Situation Smith’s Statement are for the New Yorker &s second choice. They may go for their State candidate for one ballot, but after dis- charging that complimentary duty will flock to Gov. Roosevelt in preference to going to another candidate of their own_ block. The prospect is that 320 delegates will be tied up to favorite sons on the first ballot. Another 106 are classed as pro-Smith or doubtful, but not tagged for Mr. Roosevelt. Included with the 320 are Nebraska with 16 votes, Virginia with 24, Missouri with 36, Oklahoma with 22 and Texas with 46. The doubtful Stated fclude Louis- iana with 20, Connecticut with 6 and Wyoming with 6. xox ok % The first break in that line-up came tiris week when Gov. Charles W. Bryan of Nebraska indicated that he did not care to have his name presented for & complimentary vote. Nebraska is for Gov. Rooseveit, and will go to the New Yorker on the first ballot. Texas may stick to Speaker Garner, but certainly would go to Mr. Roosevelt rather than give ald or comfort to any movement led by Al Smith. Arkansas, Oklahoma and Missoyri are in mich the same position, with Gov. Roosevelt as second choice. and the Governor's managers insist he is assured of better than an even break in each of those States. Virginia may cast a ballot for former Gov. Harry Byrd, but the latter is one of Mr. Roosevelt's close allies %n would npt_assist any movement to hm% the New York man. «Copyright, 1932) v——— American Sugar Trade Asks Protective Action BY HARDEN COLFAX. A report on the investigation into the costs of sugar production all over the world conducted by the Tariff Commis- sion now is promised by the middle of next month, as a result of requests by the American sugar trade for quick action in an effort to prevent the closing down of refineries. The new turn to the situation s believed to have been caused by &n inconsistency in the present tariff law. There is a duty on imported raw sugar as well as the refined product, slightly less on that from Cuba than on that| from other producing countries. Because of & “joker” in the law, it is now found to be cheaper to import refined sugar from Cuba than to import the raw and refine it in the United States. With the difference in wages paid to labor here and in Cuba, a serious situation seems refiners. Whether or not there will be an increase in duty on the raw product, the American sugar industry maintains that there should be a “differential” on the refined product sufficient to cover this difference in the labor refining cost | in Cuba and that in the United States. * oK ok % ‘The Tariff Commission has announc- ed that it will act with all possible haste in investigating general costs and : necessity for a change in the rela- n between duties on raw sugar and the refined product which will protect the American producer from cheap labor abroad. The investigation will include consideration of the duties on all forms of sugar products from the refined to molasses. It has been under- taken in response to requests by domestic producers and refiners, par- ticularly beet sugar growers of the Western States. The situation has become aggravated owing to the delay in carrying out the terms of the world plan made last year under the so-called Chadbourne plan, to stabilize prices largely through a binding agreement by the principal producing countries to reduce exporta- tion. A couple of weeks ago the International Sugar Conference, meet- ing in Paris, allotted exportation quotas. This week Java and Cuba, the largest single world producers of sugar, agreed on crop production during the present year. Pending this decision, the Cuban holders had been ridding themselves of sugar at very low prices. This has affected labor costs and still further increased the difference between refin- ing costs in the United States and In our island neighbor. ERE The American sugar refiners have urged upon the Tariff Commission the necessity for action, pointing out their inability under present conditions to meet competition from Cuban and other foreign sugars. They report that recently English, German and Czech merchants have been shipping sugar to this coun- try at prices with which ,dAmericans cannot compete. According to leaders in the sugar industry, imports of re- fined sugar from Cuba alone during 1931 equaled more than the total pro- duction of 11 out of the 16 beet sugar States of the Union. With an equaliza- tion of duty on the raw and refined, this competition, they say, would not be so burdensome. Sugar is a very important item in American general business, the revenue from importations representing one- quarter of the total revenue realized by this country on all its imported goods. It is true that with our possessions, the Philippines, Porto Rico and Hawaii, we produce, roughly speaking, about half the sugar we need. The rest, most of which comes from Cuba, is sufficiently large to be of general popular concern in ‘ to have arisen for American | Fifty Years Ago In The Star “The latest appeal to the American people,” says The Star of January 21, 1882, “has been issued by Mr. George Scoville. He gar\‘/e it to the worldmlnst 21129, night through the medium Scoville's 01“ the Assoclnbet)iu P;]ess. After expressing -his fim Appeal. Congiction that Guiteau was the victim of a controliing illu- sion, he enumerates his reasons for hav- ing made the defense, the last named being ‘to save the Nation the lasting disgrace of hanging an insane man to gratify popular revenge and at the same time of placing on the records of history, through a judicial proceeding, the solemn judgment that it was im- possible for an American citizen of sound mind to murder the President of the United States’ This reason, Mr. Scoville says, ‘is one of such general in- terest that I haye come to the conclusion to submit it to my fellow citizens, and their response will guide my conduct. A motion for a new trial has been filed and will be briefly argued this week before Judge Cox, with a bare possi- bility of its being granted. If over- ruled, judgment and sentence will be passed upon the prisoner, to be exe- cuted the latter part of June. Several weeks will be allowed in that event to make up a bill of exceptions and pre- sent the case on appeal to the gengral term of court. In my opinion there are ample grounds for reversal of the judg- ment on appeal. The question of public interest presented is whether such ap- peal shall be earnestly and ably prose- cuted. That cannot be done without money.” He reviews his losses in busi- ness and by expenses during the four months he has given to the case, say- ing that as an offset he had received from friends in all about two hundred and fifty dollars. ‘My aged mother,’ ke says, ‘lies sick, probably in her last illness, and requires at least a portion of my time and resources. In the cir- | cumstances, 1 do not feel called upon, | as a matter of public interest alone, to give an additional two months to the motion for a new trial betore the Court in Banc, and if my fellow citizens think that the interest of justice, the cause of humanity or the honor of the coun- try require that this contest be pro- longed, and that no effort be spared to secure a verdict and judgment after passion shall have subsided in the pub- lic mind, let them manifest it by pro- viding the means and competent coun- sel will be secured at once.'” i el The motion for a new trial was made and on Saturday, February 4, 1882, it | was denied by Judge Cox, wWho at once sentenced Guiteau to be hanged on the | 30th of the follswing Sentenced t0 june. In pronouncing sentence, as printed in | Be Hanged. Tl “star ‘of that date, | Judge Cox said: “You have been convicted of a crime 50 terrible in its circumstances and so | far-reaching in its results that it has | drawn upon you the horror of the whole | world and execratien of your country- | men. The excitement produced by such an offense made it no easy task to se- cure for you a fair and impartial trial, but you have had the power of the | United States Treasury and of the Gov- | ernment in your service to protect your person {rom violence and to procure | evidence from all parts of the country. | You have had as fair and impartial a | jury as ever assembled in the court of | justice, You have been defended by | counsel with a zeal and devotion that | reerits the highest encomium, and I cer- tainly have done my best to secure a fair presentation of your defense. Not- withstanding all this you have been | found guilty. It would have been a comfort to many people if the verdict of the jury had established the fact that your act was that of an irrespon- sible man. It would have left the peo- ple the satisfying belief that the crime of politica] assassination was something entirely foreign to the institutions and | civilization of your country. but the re- | sult has denied them that comfort. Your | cayeer has been so extraordinary that pebple might well at times have doubted | your sanity. But one cannot but be- | lieve that when the crime was com- mitted you thoroughly understood the | nature of the crime and its conse- quence. * * * You will have due op- portunity of having any errors I may | have committed during the course of | the trial passed upon by the Court in Banc, but meanwhile it is necessary for | me to pronounce the sentence of the | law. that you be taken hence to the common jail of the District from whence you came, and there be kept in confinement and on Friday. the 30th | ! dav of June, 1882, to be taken to the | place prepared for the execution within | the walls of said jail. and there, be- tween the hours of 12 m. and 2 pm you be hanged by the neck until you | are dead, and may the Lord have mercy | on your soul.” * * % Early in the morning of February 4. | 1882, fire destroyed the Jeflerson School | Building. at the corner of Sixth street | and Virginia avenue. in this city. The | blaze. the origin of {The Jefferson which was at first| undetermined, began | School Burns. ;i3 oclock. and | was first noticed at 3:20 by one of the | employes of the Balfimore & Potomac round house, who notified a nearby fire | engine company. The flames spread o | rapidly that not even the entire Fire Department of the city could master of water was too/ fire-fighting force would have been in- | sufficient to check the fire. By noon only the outer walls were standing. they being intact save for the central por- tion of the front. which had caved in. The Star's report of the fire, printed in the issue of February 4, stated that | it was quite certain that if the blaze had occurred while the school was occu- pied a loss of life would have resulted, as the building was not fireproof. Yet it was regarded as one of the best in the District's school system. It cost $120.000. The school house was not | guarded at night, the janitor, who once had living quarters within it for { himself and family, having been com- | pelled to vacate under orders of the Board of Health, which declared that the building Was not tenantable on ac- count of bad ventilation. R — Week End Cocktails, From the Meridian Star. Hollywood hosts and hostesses are new serving what they call week end cocktail. You take one drink and your week ends right there. s Stars Flee Faster. From the Omaha World-Herald. Astronomers report two distant star groups are fleeing from the earth at the rate of 15,000 miles a second. We're hardly that bad, are we? —.—— Tasks Too Taxing. From the Nashville Banner. Senator Hattie Caraway says th tasks of a Senator are “very taxing The whole Nation is becoming painfully aware of that fact connection with the problem of reviving trade and keeping down unemployment. * K K K Sugar is one of the world commodities that has been suffering very much from overproduction in all its forms during recent years. Now with the additional factor of depressed labor costs in for- eign countries, the sugar industry in the United States, in the words of one re- finer, is faced by conditions in which “no manufacturer can begin to regain his costs if he pays his laborer a living wage.” The troubles of the American sugar industry have been still further in- eased by the fact that—no doubt on account of the general situation—the consumption of refined sugar in the United States has decreased by 2.2 per cent during the past year. (Copyrismt, 1932.) MURDER BY MOTOR BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. The American motorist has become the most desperate gambler in the world and, with the most precious pos- session, human life, either his own or | another’s, at stake, if the newest auto- | mobile accident statistics be taken as| a criterion. The American is tradi- | tionally a gambler, but, in the past, poker,” black jack, the stock market | and such subjects have contented him. | Today the stake of human life seems necessary to provide an adequate thrill. | G. D. Newton, automobile accident | statistician for the Travelers, as the | result of analyzing automobile accident | statistics and their causes, has pre- sented the following impressive state- ment of the case: In 1931 speeders killed 3,920 and injured 76,500, In-| quiry into the precise reasons for speed | at the time of the accidents and all pertinent facts in relation to them has revealed that the desire ‘to gain a| minute has established odds in the death gamble in the ratio of 1 to| 17,000,000 This ratio is figured on the | basis that 17,000,000 minutes is the average life expectancy of the man driving to death. A minute’s pause gives him that 17,000.000 minutes. By staking 1 minute against the chances of fatal accident he makes his gamble with appalling results. | The newest figures on automobile ac- cidents show that 1931 ran up a score of 34,400 killed and 997,600 injured. Marlen Pew of the Editor and Publisher, who has been examining these figures critically, observes that this casualty Jlist, equals the entire population of the State of Colcrado. Here, then, is the population of an entire’ State either completely wiped out, made a charge upon the public or members of the vic- tims' families, or disabled and impaired as economic contributors to the com- monwealth i If the City of Santa Barbara. Calif.. or Joplin, Mo.. were completely wiped out by some natural disaster the event would be hailed 2s one of the world's greatest traged et, last year, motor cars killed outright a number greater than the population of either one of these cities, Nor was the tragedy a natural and unavoidable disaster. In many cases these deaths were the re- sult of the most wanton carelessness These are deaths only; they do not in- clude the thousands and scores of thousands maimed for life, their earn- ing capacity reduced or erased, their en- tire remaining lives embittered. Punishment Inadequate. The fact that by far the majority of the accidents, fatal and otherwise, which occurred during the past year were the prime fault of the motorist has prompted some commentators to ob- serve that the term “accident” has ceased to be anything but a euph m and that “murder’ is a closer descrip- tion ‘This view is strongly supported by the circumstance that, in spite of earnest campaigns looking to increased safet which have been conducted, the figures mount. There was an increase of 3.3 per cent in the fatalities over last year, and this in spite of the fact that there was but an increass of 2 per cent in motor vehicle registration Moreover, in 13931 the number of ac- cidents which were classified as “seri- ous” amounted to 41 per cent of the to- tal, whereas the previous vear only England Goes on a Protective Tariff Basis BY A. G. GARDINER | LONDON, February 6.—A great ar- gument, which for more than a quarter of a century has dominated British politics, came to a conclusion Thursday when Neville Chamberlain, the chan- cellor of the exchequer, hauled down the free trade flag and hoisted what the free traders call “the jolly roger of protection.” Appropriately enough, the ceremony was performed by the son of Joseph Chamberlain, whose advocacy of tariffs thirty years ago first made the attack on the free-trade system formidable. The free traders protest that the Na- tional government in adopting protec- tion has betrayed the mandate of its election, whose overwhelming verdict was against the Socialist policy of the Labor government and not against free trade. but it is undeniable that recent events have created a landslide favor- able to a revolution in British fiscal policy. x ok x % The overthrow of free trade, in fact, is an incident of the wreckage caused by the world blizzard. The argument in which thé free traders always have been victorious has been swept aside by a stampede of popular feeling in favor of any change which seemed to offer a possibility of escape from the present stagnation. The fact that the trade depression is as severe in high protectionist countries like the United States and Australia as it is here failed to check the tidal wave of opinion, and the enormous predominance of tariff propaganda in the press has been the most formidable factor in the struggle. Apart from the Manchester Guardian and the London News-Chronicle, prac- tically the whole morning press of the country has indorsed a policy of tariffs and, excepting the intellectual weekly newspapers like the New Statesman and the Spectator, expert opinion, which till is overwhelmingly adverse to by ! The final nail was driven in the free | trade coffin when prominent liberal free thinkers like Sir John Simon and Wal- ter Runciman, the latter the most bril- liant living exponent of the free trade doctrine, having joined the national government, consented to the formula- tion cf a system of tariffs. They car- ried with them the larger fragment of the liberal vote, which. while theoreti- cally still hostile to tariffs, agreed to accept them as the only instrument for lowering the present oppressive taxa- tion and reducing the existing wage level, which makes the cost of produc- | tion impossibly high. In a sense, indeed, it was this rigidity of trade union wage rates and restric- tions which finally undermined the free trade system, A direct cut of wages was impossible in view of the strength and inflexibility of the union, and tariffs presented the only expedient for securing an indirect cut * x Adoption of the tariff bill is assured, for the conservatives are in an im- mense majority and the labor opposi- tion curiously is lukewarm and ineffec- tive on the fiscal issue. But the strug- gle is not over. debate was Home Secretary devastating attack on the protection policy of the government. He is the leader of a small party of liberals still loyal to free trade and had been pre- vailed upon to remain in the national government with the liberty of disso- ciating himself from any policy with which he disapproves. He exercised this right with uncompromising vehemence, riddled the scheme fore and aft, and prophesied disastrous consequences to British industry, and declared tariffs were an instrument for taxing the poor in the interests of the rich. Massed battalions of Conservatives under the fusillade and demanded his withdrawal from the government. He and other free trade colleagues, includ- ing Philip Snowden, were perfectly willing to go, but Premier Ramsay Mac- | Donald and Stanley Baldwin were anxious to preserve the national non- party facade of the government, even at the sacrifice of open disagreement on the critical question. This breach of the tradition of the collective responsi- bility of the cabinet is to be the subject a motion by the opposition of lack of confidence in the government on Monday. The impression of the compromise is that it cannot last and that Sir Her- bert Samuel and his free trade col- leagues will lJeave the government to fight the bill from the opposition side and mobilize the opinion of the country R tariffs, has been practically ignored. | | The sensation of the | Samuel’s | writhed in 36.5 per cent of them were o classified. This seems to be proof positive that the American motorist is careless of the death he brings to himself and his fellows—particularly his fellows—be- cause his rate of death-dealing in- creases in spite of all urgency toward observance of the law and the decen- cies. The apparent delight the Ameri- can motorist takes in killing and maim- ing others is further indicated by the statistics showing thal the annual rate has more than doubled in a decade, al- though every agency has joined in ef- forts to put a stop fo the slaughter. Every means, it might be said, but one, and there is a growing belief that it is time a final effort be made to lift this national disgrace and, in a meas- ure, reduce American barbarism. It has been strongly suggested that the money fine for violations be discontinued save in the mildest cases, where there are especially extenuating circumstances on the side of the motorist. In lieu of money fines, the courts should impose jail sentences, not of a few hours, but of weeks and mont#s and deprive mo- torists of their licenses for all time. Automobiles Nearly Foolproof. Two facts stand out glaringly from the statistics. First, the greatest suf- ferers have been pedestrains, and sec- ond, that the great majority of “acci- dents” are the motorisis’ fault. Never before in the history of the world have 50 many persons gone so heavily ar as in modern America. The man who is armed with 4,40 pounds of metal and the power of 40 horses represents a brute force beside which the gangster of Chicago or the brigand of the middle ages appears a mild antagonist. The statistics themselves reveaithat. Gang- sters and gunmen are law-apiding and safe neighbors compared with the American motorist Looked at from any angle, the black cap of guilt is seen to fit more and more snugly on the brow of the auto- mobile driver. The automobile itself is the safest it ever has been in the his- tory of automobile engineering. Its center of gravity has been lowered. It is equipped with tires which allow of a very minimum of skidding. Its brakes are superior to any that ever have been devised before. Its starting, its pick- up mechanism have been improved. As an engineering peoduct it is nearly foolproof. So, then, the blame comes squarely to rest on the individual motorists, who, it is shown by the analysis, have in a majority of cases brought death or injury ealing the right of way, by exceeding the speed limit. by driving on the wrong side of the road. by mak ing wrong turns, by reckless driving and by various other breaches of the law and regulations and of the most rudimentary rules of courtesy. On their heads fall the 72.480 bone fractures of the last year, the 160,020 sprains, dislocations and wrenches, the 314,910 lacerations and contusions and the thousands of other injuries. acutely painful and disabling, which they have visited on persons who have done them no_harm. So year by year the motor “accident” statistics reveal that the gambler be- comes the murderer, fastening down ever and ever more firmiy on the name League of Nations Passing Is View Held in Paris BY G. H. ARCHAMBAULT. PARIS, February 6—What would Fappen should the League of Nations ome to an end? The covenant of the League is an integral part of the treaty of Versailles. Should the League dis- appear. would the treaty stand? The fact that these questions are be- ing asked in Paris not only points to growing doubt regarding the survival of the League, but indicates some con- cern regardiug the system destined to it and when it should die. nt that in the French mind system is likely to be the pre-war one of groups of alliances insuring the balance of power. Evervthing indicates that Premier Laval is desirous of “breaking the circle of isolation now surrounding France,” as one commentator expressed it this eek. The governing idea today is, in w of the failure of general world agreement as ed by Aristide Briand, that it is wise to revert to par- ticular accords ¥ ook the Disarmament Conference opens there is a growing belief nere that it will sound the knell of the League. It may continue as a perma- nent international institution for ihe discussion of hygiene, tellectual co- operation and such matters, but @ sort of super-state it has failed utte This view is spreading since Aristide Briand left the Quai D'Orsay. In the popular mind in France the veteran f cign minister personified the Le His departure—removal, many call i is considered to indicate the end of his personal policy, and, by popular impli- cation, the end of the League also. As a matter of fact, faith in the eague of Nations among Frenchmen, except possibly immediately after the war, has been governed by their politi- cal ‘complexions. As it became more and more a tenet of the left it was abandoned more and more by the righ Today even leaders of the left publicly criticize the decisions of the League and bewall its impotence * kX % Truth to tell, despite the existence of the League, the French in ihe mass have continued their confidence in the old system of alliances. They have been negotiated within the framework of the Ieague, as was proper, but the treaties are of such a character that they can survive the League, whose participation has been simply to reg- ister them. Opponents of France em- phasize the fact that most of her understandings with other Nations— with Poland and Jugoslavia. for ex- ample—are military in their essence and obviously destined to counteract German or Italian policy, as the case As | may be. French historians are fond of recali- ing that peace covenants, either pro- posed or actually achieved, are not new. It would be possible to tabulate several hundred since the dawn of civilization. All of them were followed by wars. | Therefore, skeptics assert that defen- | sive alliances and the balance of power are as efficacious in preserving peace | as are covenants, Visibly, at the mc ment the French are not alone in this belief. In Europe alliances are being | sought on all sides. * ok K % ‘The French say also that alliances need a nucleus round which they can crystallize. The pre-war catente cor- | diale of Britain and France was such | a nucleus, and indicatiors are not lack- | ing that carnest efforie are being made | on this side of the English Channel to give new life to it. Since the war it has remained more or less an entente, but for most of the time cordiality has been absent. Admittedly it will take | time to change what has been called | the state of *cordial rupture,” but the | French are prepared to stretch a point order to achieve their ends. Nego- | tiations with Britain are admittedly | slow, but the gratification expressed at the weck end showed signs of the French and British views on repara- tions and war debts coming closer to- | gether. France is coming to the conclusion that apart from the recovery of Alsace and Lorraine none of her hopes resting 10!‘ the treaty of Versailles will be re- | alized—pacts of security. reparations. | Dawes plan, Young plan, Locarno spiri. gnddnow the League itself seems mori- und. for a new struggle in which protection will be on the defensive. If it cannot show favorable results, there will be a violent revulsion of electoral opinion. (Copyright, 1932.)