Evening Star Newspaper, November 23, 1931, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sanday Morning Edition. —— e WASBHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY . November 23, 1931 The Evening Star Nt 130 8t "aid Peoney loan Oftce a 43¢ per m ays) .. 60¢ per month and Sunday Sar ARYS) ........ 08¢ per month tar Bc_per copy jection made at the end of esch month ‘ders may be sent in by mail or telephone [Ational $000. Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance, Maryland and Virginia. y and Sunday.....1yr, $10.00: 1 mo., 88¢ only 4 S | [y only | 6.00: 1 mo.. 50¢ $400: 1 mo., 40c All Other States and Canada. 7 ang Sunday $12.00: 1 mo., $1.00 y : $8.00: 1 mo. Jbc nday only $5.00; 1 mo., 80c 1y, Vlyr iy | Member of the Associated Press. stryction among hunters, that they should be changed to the end of pre- serving the human race. Hunters are not permitted to seek game in the woods, flelds and streams without Ii- censes. Bhould not such lcenses be limited to those who are familiar with guns, who are adept if not expert in their use and who can be relied upon to take no foolish risks with their weap- ons? Almost ail hunting accidents, whether in the woods or fields or marshes, are due to carelessness. Guns are carried loaded and cocked in con- ditions that the first principles of safety require to be unloaded or at least with hammers down. Guns are fired at objects mistaken for game which prove to be human beings. Guns are fired at random in excitement or in mistake of target. Guns are laid against logs and trees and stones or the gunwales of boats fully charged and with hammers cocked, to be tripped over or snagged when lifted for use. The other day & his dog toppled from its rest sgainst |8 tree The death of twenty persons in the ociated Press is exclusively entitled e for republication of all news is {ted to it or not otherwise cred- this paper and giso the local 1ows | d herein. All rights of publication of | Gispatches herein are also reserved. | Railroad Wages 1 Rallroad labor and railroad execu- $ives have been unable to reach an sgreemant on a proposed cut in the | wages of the workers. The executives proposed a voluntary ten per cent wage deereass, which has been rejected by the representatives of the employes The conferences, however, were con- ducted in a friendly spirit, and both sides gave expression to this fact in their statements at the conclusion of the conferences. The country could ill afford to have & | general ratlroad strike on its hands at this time—at any time, and especially at such & time as the present. So far there have been no indications that such & strike is to happen, with its disastrous consequences for the railroads and the workers, and particularly for the entire | country, whose commerce depends so greatly on the transportation system. It 4s not probable that either the rail- road executives or the workers them- selves will undertake steps calculated to bring about a strike, but rather that they will use every effort to arrange the difficulties in which the roads now find themselves. The interests of the roads and of the workers are mutual in many respects, & fact that is recognized by men who have worked many years both as lsborers and as executives of the railroads The railroed executives have indi- eated that failing to obtain consent to & voluntary cut in wages, the roads will proceed individually to seek reductions n sccordance with the terms of the transportation act, These call for further conferences between the execu- tives and the workers, with impartial mediators. Admittedly the railrcads are in & difficult position, so difficult that pre- dictions are made here and there that the roads themselves will be found seeking Government ownership and op- eration uniess the situation materially improves within the next year or two. Many of them have been unable to earn dividend charges during the long stretch of business depression. The roads united in & request to the Inter- state Commerce Commission not long ago for & fiat fifteen per cent increase in freight rates, and the commission turned this down, offering as a substi- tute a plan to increase rates on cer- tain commodities with a proviso that | the gains made by the roads from these | increases should be pooled and used to aid the weaker roads to meet their | interest charges. This has 50 far been unaoceptable to the roads, who in their | turn have offered a substitute plan, proposing that these pooled gains | should be “loaned” instead of given to the weaker roads. If the roads are to better their condition by increasing rates and find it impossible to reduce wages, which is their largest single tem of | expenditure, thelr only hope seems to e in an early upt of business. The chief reason cited by the repre- sentatives tiroad labor for reject- ing the the executives for 8 | ten per cen wage t was that the executives were unwilling to give as surance tha saved by th eut in d be used to give | wider empl: to railrosd labor or | to stabilize unable he mo svme he present employment of rafiroad labx We do not believe, said the leaders, “that wages should be cut to pay dividends” They added e workers were asked to teke ten per cent from their earnings ¢ dle capita d executives pointed out ti g po’ worker's had been abor of the greatl; the purc dollar cause of commodities scale would still give the w purchasing power than they had the present scale when it was f up, before the depression cax Some solution ¢ raflroads m continue t vately owr doubtedly proached sanely greatly owners and be give and is not ased be- perate Tha prob mus/ the and interested, the s ake Mission Bonds bonds, “Grandi's ternation: Italiar Strengihens runs & perhaps The High Price of Hunting A report just made by the conserva tion department of New announces that during " ing season in that State, closing No- vember 15, 20 persons were killed and 101 injured as against 28 killed and 59 injured last year. Inasmuch as fewer huntsmen were in the woods this year the deduction is that sportsmen were much more careiess and inexpert than n 1930. Ten of those killed met death from their own guns, eight were shot by other hunters, matnly their compan- tons, and two were killed by stray bul- lets. The obvious conclusion is that the huntsman is his own worst enemy, this being further demonstrated by the fact that 32 of the 101 injured were shot by their own weapons. The game laws of the States are primarily upon the principle of preserving the wild creatures fram ex- o Bk headline deer In- | York State New York woods is too high a price to Add 1o this mortality record those of dther States where game is sought in the Autumn and the casualty list of this form of pleasure will reach a ocking figure No Anglo-American Tariff War. Commendably prompt action has been taken to blow up the yan which gained sensational currency at the end of last week, that the United Btates plans a tariff war with Great Britain The story, based on Treasury te- ments now disclosed as not meaning what they purported to indicate, was that this eountry, through countervail- ing duties, would forthwith retaliate cent anti-dumping tariffs on tmported manufactures. Countervalling duties are the device invented by tariff makers to be applied against any particular class of goods from & foreign country which that country, on its own part, subjects to special customs rates. In any event American Teprisals of that sort against British goods would be relatively insig- nificant. Of the round $700,000,000 worth of wares we exported to Grea Britain in 1930, only some $12,000,000 worth represents articles affected the new British emergency tariff less than two per cent. The Washington Government has been considering the gquestion of revising rates on British goods, but not as a retaliatory measure. Any contemplated revision would be based on new costs of production in Great Britain, as this is influenced by the shrinkage of the pound sterling. Abandonment of the gold standard having lopped 25 per cent | from the pound’s value, production costs may be found to have decreased ac- cordingly, Under the flexible provision of the existing American tariff law, the Tariff Commission, at the instigation of the President, is authorized to examine into foreign production figures and recommend corresponding increases or | decreases in American tariff rates, There is no “tariff war” fmvolved in | this procedure. It is regrettable that our British cousins were unwarrentedly | alarmed by & lop-sided report that any- thing beyond this was ever pondered in Washingfon. It turns out that none of the countervailing duties which may be imposed by the Hawley-Smoot law is affected by the British tariff. Uncle Sam, moreover, would be a very poor sport if he were to rush into reprisals against John Bull just because Great Britain has at last decided to pisy = little of the tariff game which this country has so long found profitable and carried on with little regard of the susceptibilities of other nations. It was a lucky break for Mayor “Jim- my” Walker that the prisoner he has set forth to help out of jall was not over in up the Hudson. The Jittle trip on which he has em- barked will give him a glimpse, at least of the world outside of Manhattan Jersey or o The Plight of the Cities The extent to which municipal flnances have been knocked into & | cocked hat by the present depression can be gauged in part by such succinct summaries of recent events as that fur- nished the other day in the Baltimore Sun by Prank Kent, who wrote: “One | State defa A judge n & big ¢ y denouncing con- dit pay urors in t own its bonds s the pocket, his court out 8School teachers in r parade when they receive cash the first time in & year. Taxpayers x g strike and the Banks de- { municipal is revealed in New York) . .. Chi- the tanding ex- ity gone on the financial sn't the only one.” dy of the effects issue ion is made by Frederick | pend on them to come fo the point |the League of Nal d, writing on The Present Finan- the United the Municipal Administration Washington is included in the amined by Mr. Bird, who explains that data are not offered as an exhaus- ive and thorough analysis of the cur- t financial situ: but “rather as up-to-the-minute presentation of current figures as could readily be not lon of conditions in 135 that the decline in prop- nding to increase the portionate share of the f city government’ owners. In elghty- jes assessed valuations ceptibly over 1920. In ties the valuation is ap- proximately the same and in twenty- | six it has been lowered, showing that {the “valuation machinery has been slow to reflect the deflation of property values.” As valuations cannot be con- sidered as an index to the tax burden except in their relation to tax rates, |Mr. Bird concludes, from a study of | the latter, that the general property tax has been lowered in only 24 cities; | forty-one cities, by keeping valuation and tax rate statiopary or by lowering the one and ralsing the other, basis, and seventy-one cities, by raising one or the other or both, have increased the burden of taxation. A “majority of these cities” in conse- quence are “confronted with & serious gmbition by playin' golf drivin' » delinquent autg® problem . the increnss of hunter was killed by his own gun which | and unpaid taxes.” In all but twenty- one of 107 cities from which informa- tion was received the percentage of delinquent taxes shows an increase, “in many cases to a very serious extent.” Faced with declining revenues, it Is in‘eresting to note that in 1930 seventy- one of 106 cities showed larger expendi- tures than in the previous year, But in 1931 forty-seven of eighty cities brought about marked reductions in their budgets, and & larger number of de- creases will be noted, it is believed, in the budgets of 1932. In relatively few cities, despite the amount of advertising given to such steps, has there been move to cut salaries of municipal em- ployes. The overwhelming majority of cities is decidedly opposed to this ex- pedient. The majority of cities are seeking to eliminate waste and in- program of “indiscriminate curtailment of essential services at the request of panic-stricken citizens”—a program that, ohviously, can work great harm. Commenting on the criticism of citles debtedness, Mr. Bird points out that many of the municipalities are prevented pay for the “sport” of shooting deer.|g.n yngertaking public smprovements | without resorting to bond issues. While {the indebtedness of cities “is much less ecarious than pictured by the prophets of disaster,” a study of the facts convinces | Mr. Bird that there is 2 need for “care- | tul conserving of bond margins” to pre- | clude “any orgy of public construction | by cities to stem the flood of unemploy- | ment.” The indebtedness of cities varies {greatiy. Some have ample margins, the | great majority must adopt & more con- | servative borrowing policy and a few | | have reached the Itmits of their borrow- ing power. | The silver lining of the | to Mr. Bird to be the fact that cities are | faced with retrenchment that can best | cloud appears | aguinst Great Britain’s new 100 per|be made by reduction of waste and | ineficlency in government. This may be the outcome. It is sincerely hoped that it will be But in the meantime Washingtontans, supposed to have & government that has cut waste and inefficlency to the bone, face the prospect of having their taxes | raised merely to meet an artificial Jevel superficial examination of the burdens | that citizens of some other communtties have placed upon their own backs, the would-be tax boosters acting presumably | on the assumption that the desideratum |18 to extract the last possible penny from taxpayer until the specter of municipal bankruptcy orders otherwise. i e A o The recent public debate between Hamilton Pish sand Norman Thomas might be described as & contest between an ex-All-American tackle and an ae- tive All-American loser the — ey Many persons are of the opinion that Wil Rogers, just embarked for Japan. can settle the Far Eastern rumpus just about as well as can the League Coun- ofl—maybe & shade better! | pidstaleimer < y; There are still a number of ways in which American foot ball might be improved. But just suppose the su- thoritles changed the bell ms often as the golf czars do! Wil S | According to some members of the local police force, not & member therpof ever touched a hose, even to sprinkle his lawn. it - SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNBSON. A Sad Superiority. The cynic sat and viewed the play, His face was all unmoved; And yet his silence seemed to say | He sternly disapproved. In vain the repartee would flow, He sighed with darkening brow, “*"Twas funny twenty years ago. It isn't funny now ‘And mademoiselle, with gausy skirt, | She makes the chapples stare | But I to bygone years revert. That self-same girl was there, When I sat in the foremost row, | And she, T will allow, Was pretty twenty years ago. She lsn't pretty now. | | “No matter where I journey, I | Must hear the same old chafr | And still T pause and wonder why Men ever deign to laugh How things have changed they do n | know. This plodding world, I vow, as merry twenty years ago It isn't merry now ot | Indolence. | Chubbs is raising = mus | tache,” said one young woman. | hadn't observed it,” said the other. | “Probably not. He's raising it on | his valet. Not nearly so much trouble, and he can watch it grow. i Candor. “I Mike the Western people,” said the | hearty citizen. “You can always de- | clearly and quickly." “That was my many years ago | tious person. * observation & good answered face y didn’t beat around the Ist of citles ex-|the bush like a confidence man or a Bach | gold brick operator. They simply sald “Your money or your life.’ Practical Advice Your overshoes!” the doctor Do not forget the same For he who gets cold feet is like To quit life's busy game cried Art. “Are you fond of pictures?” ssked the man who is interested in art “I should say so!” answered Bron- cho Bob. “Give me jacks, queens or kings every time to fool with ten spots or less.” Cultivation. “1 suppose you hope to make a very cultivated youmg man of your boy Josh.” “Yes," answered Farmer Corntossel. “We're cultivatin’ him the best we ean. Every now and then mother and me gives him a rakin' over.” A Suspicion. Sometimes you'll find & modest man In this strange vale of woe ‘Who makes no show of worth because Uhemselves approximately on the 1920') p, hay no worth to show. “De man dat wants to live without workin',” said Unele Eben, sho’' to declar’ de fool efficlenicy, rather than embark upon & | for their rapldly mounting bonded in- | taxation reached by a more or less | 1 always did hate | THIS AND THAT It we were asked to select the most | curious mental trait of human beings, | {1t would be the following: | That not one man in & thousand | can hear of a difference without com- | menting on it | In other words, he sets himself up | as the model in &ll things, and in- wardly resents any variation from it. | Nothing is too jarge or too small for | him to express surprise about, just %0 | |long as it is unlike his own habit in | {the same matter. | If he arises in¢he morning, for in- | stance, at 7 a.m. then you dare not | get up at 6 o'clock, without hearing an expression of his judgment on the fools who awake Dbefore they have to. On the other hand, if you happen | to speak to the fellow who prefers to | spring out of bed at 5 am. and you | dare admit you seldom arise before 7:30, be sure that you will receive & neat’ lecture on laziness * % | This difference of opinion is gen- uine, of course. These ninety-nine out of every hun- dred, these nine hundred and ninety- | nine of every thousand, are so wrapped | up in their own thoughts and their | own contemplations of their own | deeds that they honestly are amazed | that any one could think otherwise or | act_differently from themselves. | We do not have to be diplomats to | carry on “conversations” but most of | us do it with ourselves. These un-| expressed talks occupy & large place in the dally life Several attempts have been made both in novels and in plays, to put this unspoken dialogue, which one carries on with one's self, into tangible form. | Eugene O'Neill, in his “Strange In- | terlude,” made his characters speak in | “gsides.” These thoughts, in the piay, | are spoken only to be heard by the apprehension of the audience, not by the ears of the characters themselves. Ohristopher Morley, in his story, “Thunder on the Left,” made use of a somewhat similar device, but it did not get over as well to the reader as did the “asides” of O'Neill's play. Per- haps it is significant that the play- wright, in his latest--and some believe his most_effective—work, “Mourning Becomes Electra,” has abandoned the aside, relying on straight stage “busi- ness” and the personal comprehension of the sudience, to do what many words were required to achieve in “Strange { Interlude.” o oxx Perhaps in no_field of thought do human beings differ more than in thelr habits of going to bed and get- ting up again The truth seems to be that this mat- ter is largely one of habit i Or, better, it may be said to be nn:: of proportionate proportions. Music is nothing but proportions. So long &s notes are kept at the same in- tervals and the same values they may | be placed anywhere on the scale and the performer and listener still have the_same melody. ‘This is transposition Many students regard transposition | as & great mystery. but it is nothing | more than a matter of proportionate proportions. It is merely saying, in other words, that music is mathematics, and that so long ss the units are the | same, no matter whether arranged with one beginning or another, the melody will be the melody. A capable musician cen transpose any | tune from one key to another so th: in the end he literally has played the one melody all over the finger finger- board of his instrument, if he is a violinist, say. | | | | | xox o ox Life is & meiody played on a staff of | BY CHARLES E. | cept || WASHINGTON OB BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. TRACEWELL. 24 hours. The various scts of life are the notes, which may be arranged one way or another, to sult the composer. But the propo: ions must be correct. It means nothing at all, in so far as the melody of life is concerned, whether one goes to bed at 6 o'clock in the cve- ning or at midnight The important thing is that a just | proportion be Kept between the hour of retiring and arising. Thus, if one goes to sieep at 9 o'clock, he properly may get up at 5 am. if he believes in the necessity for 8 hours of sleep He who retires at midnight, on the other hand, must get up at 8 am, if he wants to keep the same proportion. He who climbs into bed at 2 am, and gets up again at 7 is like & performer of music who deliberately would skip three pages of his music and expect the audi- ence to be satisfied with his rendition. A Not every one is agreed, it must be | admitted, on the values of the netes in this symphony of life All the trouble lies there. Millions of human beings, however. have worked diligently, over thousands of years, now, in the endeavor to dis- cover the correct melodies which make up this very human symphony. Despite the evident discords, and the lack of knowledge of the intentions of the Great Conductor, most men and women are willing to admit, at least upon oceasion, that the plece has many glorious moments in it, when fall melodies sing queer strains which catcl the heart and make, one glad to be alive. Humanity refuses to take the gloomists too seriously. Life may be & lamp going out in & room of shadows, but most of us think it & most satisfactory ligl while it lasts, and we hope that, even if snuffed, 1t may be lit again Wy It would be a pleasant thing to meet some one who would receive a statement of a difference, in any line, without popping out with “Oh, why do you do that? Why don’t you do s0 and so?” It is not what is done, or what is not done, so much as the proportions, the balance of one with another, the proper transposition so that the tune is still the same. Why should minor varistions receive such attention? Yet most of the bickerings that go on in life are over unessentials. Differences are not bickerlndp” They are nothing else, ss indulged in | by the bulk of humanity Freedom from comments on dif- ferences—if this could be achieved, in the average walks of life, both privately and in business, we would have & new world in no time. reforms, it strikes some, are s not 8o essential as these little reforms. Great changes are difficult to bring about because of their greatness, but little orms are as hard to achieve, in their way, simply because so many hum insist on regarding them as unessential. et a constant drip, drlp, ‘drip will | wear away the largest rock in time. In | human relations, the greatest irritations | are the smaller differences, over which | pecple wrangle, when the easiest thing would be for one and sll to overlook them by saying nothing. We have given, in the discussion of retiring and arising, one of these small differences upon which human beings s0 often disagree There are scores of similar diver- | gencles of opinion, however, which had better be left alone, for the good of humanity, by every person who values a happy life. Happiness is not to be gained by quarreling, even in fun, ex in the interests of mercy and Justice. ERVATIONS Secretary Stimson will not head the American ~ delegation at the Geneva Disarmament Conference because of more pressing _ preoccupation with world affairs in Europe and Asia. Even if the Sino-Japanese mess in Man- churia is out of the way by the time the conference convenes, February 23— and it is by no means certain that it | will be—reparations and war debts will | il front during the | g those _circumstances | Prestdent has decided it will be | best to keep his Secretary of State in Washington, ‘There's another reason. | | The Hoover administration faces no | |end of attack during the impending | oressiorial fracas an various foreign be moratorium will come heavy fire, mainly of Hiram son’s kindling. The President's naval program is due for bombardment, particularly on the score of its faflure | to provide for the “treaty tary Stimson headed the A gation which fought, bled and was reads to die for the great god Parity at London in 1930. When the shells begin to fly on Capitol Hill the Com- mander in Chief belleves it will be better for his prineipal treaty-Navy | coadjutor to be in Pednsylvania avenue then in the Alps | *ox o ox | | Nobody in Washington is observing | | the course of events in Manchuria with | keener interest or broader knowledge | than M. Paul Claudel, poet-Ambassa- | dor of France. M. Claudel.came to the | Unitea States in 1927 after five years | as French Ambassador in Tokio. Previ- | ous to that assignment he had spent 10 or 12 years in China, in the French consular and diplomatic service, in- cluding various points in far-flung | Cathay. Philosopher and psychologist, | as well as versifier, dramatist and dip- | lomat, M. Claudel knows his Orient and | Orientals from A to Z, apd is able. as few men of the West, to read between | the lines of what is going on_just now | between Japan and China. If states- men with his insight into Asiatic men- | tal processes had been on the fob at | Geneva during the flst two months, tlons might have emerged from the Manchurian flasco with more of its tail feathers in place. x ox ox X% It doesn't make much difference, personally, to Representative Isasc arach, Republican, of New Jersey, that “Jack” Qarner, Democrat, of Texas, is to inherit the Speaker's throne | vacated by lamented “Nick” Longworth. | Bacharach, Longworth snd ~Garner, | comprised “The Three Musketeers” of | the House of Representatives, boon and | bosom buddies always and everywhere. | The Speaker-lo-be and the member for | Atlantic City have been intimate com- tades maiply because of their lo period of joint service on the Ways an Means Committee. Garner and Bach. | arach are ss far apart on tariff matters, in which field both rank as experts, as the Rio Grande is from the Boardwalk, | and have tilted at each other hammer- and-tongs _for years. But. sundown | !:e the House Johr erally finds them leav! ther, arm in arm, with the day's | hatchet buried. ook ox Just after the assembling of Con~ ?'ru there’s to be a World Court love- east in Philadelphia, under the au- ces of dation. Edward W. ’lok Be B on rotagonist for ratification of - l’mx which would usher the United States into the Court. It's also the concern which tor George - Moses, irreconcilable Republican, of New Hampshire, haled before a Senate Investigating Committee three or four years on the ground that it was conduc! meddiesome P nda. John W. vis will preside at the din- | ner mee Julius H. Barnes will 5] Uniteq States Chamber n of the Amer- ican Bar the American Federation- of Labor and the National | remains an also be heard. The State 0 be represen r World Court ot. Il soon dent Harding will ask the Senate n this Winte be nine years since first recommended i * resi Republicans have the forthcoming spe- cial election in New Hampshire to fill the vacancy caused by death of Rep- resentative Fletcher The first district contains the six principal eitles of the State. Manchester, most im- portant of them, goes Democratic more often than not, and others are addicted to the same habit. Several are mill towns, which means that unemploy- ment is stalking through them, and that, in turn—so the G. O. P. fears— means Democratic votes at this troubled hour. A veteran Democrat with a vote- getting re william N. Rogers, will former Gov. John H a former Assistant and some Repub- Mr. Rogers once Believe it d feet about Postmaste licans fear the worst held the seat F. Wagner, Demo- is an optimist. He realm of possibili- ws might be mod- in time to bring sty Amer- , that was Senator Robert crat, of New York, thinks it within the ties that the liquor ified next “Christmas c fcan universe 2.75 per cent castle Senator Wag- ner bullt in his radio talk for the League for Modification of the Vol- stead Act the other night s an old one,” was his wet peroration “The facts are well known. The ATgu- ments have all been made. Nothing but for Congress to take ction. It should do that before Christ- mas and thus introduce a note of real cheer to the homes and hearts of the American people.” Senator Wagner might have said, without danger of in- accuracy, that “nothing remains but for a majority in Congress to take action” In their foamiest moments, the beer bloc in the House 3 count more than 175 noses, or 43 short of a majority. Senate wets are sel- dom_estimated at more than 22, which is 27 shy of a controlling vote. It's still & long, long way to Tipsyrary. * An ungallant member of Congress need it be said that he has never taken unto himself a wife?—views with alarm the growing custom of sending deceased members’ widows to fill their places. Apropos Senator Hattle Caraway's ar- rival from Arkansas, he objurgates: “I am thinking of introducing s bill pro- viding for the election only of bachelors to Congress.’ % One is company and two's & crowd which should pay extra fare, says the Pullman Co. in an application just filed with the Interstate Commerce Commis- sion. ‘The sleeping car corporation claims it isn't making & “fair return’™ on its investment, and asks permission to charge 20 per cent of the regular| lower berth rate when people “sleep double.” The increase would apply to Any passenger over 12 years of age occu- pying & berth with another. At present there is 0 extra berth charge for a second lodger. If the I C. C. okays the proposals, $750,000 will be added to Pullman revenue. They're Good at Roasting. From the Sprinfigeld (Mass) Daily Repub- Mrs. Caraway, who has been apoint- ed to succeed her late hi , the Senator from Arkansas, is said to_be 2 exfellmt cook, h':'m Senate has own evidence of having too: men: fi:fl: but not all of them are uullen{ il Gandhi Publicity Successful. m:. the Sioux City Journal andhi's visit to London appears to have been hopeless so far as absolute pendence for India was concerned, G £ o “The issue | 't { & candidate to oppose Mr. Hoover. For The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. John J. Raskob, chairman of the Democratic National Committee, i & glutton for punishment. If there is any way in which he can bring his party to see the light of reason and adopt & wet plank in its platform for the coming general election, he seems bent on not overlooking it. “His latest move is to send a questionnaire on the subject of prohibition to about 90.000 persons who contributed to the last na- tional campaign fund of the Democrats, in 1928, The Democratic presidentia candidate, Alfred E. Smith, at_thi time snnounced his own personal wet piatform in s few hours after he had been nominated. Thousands of Demo- crats turned against Smith almost overnight. It is highly probable, there- fore, that & majority of the Democrats who contributed to the national cam- paign fund to elect former Gov. Smith of New York to the presidency were opponents of national prohibition. If Mr. Raskob gets a substantial per- centage of replies from the 90,000 con- good_showing for the wet cause among | the Democrats. * kK ox | Chairman Raskob and thase who| support him in his contention that the Democratic platform should be wet may take the stand that the views of the contributors to the campaign fund in 1928 are the dyed-in-the-wool Dem- ocrats whose views only should be con- sidered. But there are hundreds of thousands of Democrats in Dixieland who abandoned their allegiance to their party temporarily, at least, in 1928— Democrats whose votes and views are of considerable importance to_the next Democratic nominee for President, whoever he may be. This Raskob questionnaire 1is the most_ambitious thing of its kind that has been attempted. The great num- bers of centribul to the 1928 Demo- cratic campeign fund are found in the distinctly wet States. For example, New York is lsted ss having 17412 contributors to the fund; Massachu- setts, despite the fact that in popula- tion 1t is far below some of the other States, had 12,379 contributors to the Smith campaign fund, more than any other State except New York, and Massachusetts in political seatiment is about as “wet as the Atlantic,” s proud boast that once was made by & Gov- ernor of New Jersey. Rhode Island has 3,320 contributors listed, al- though Alabama had only 328, Georgla, 522; North Carolina, 254; South Caro- lina, 157; Texas, 3,117; Mississippi, 3,724, and Virginia, 728. Ju from | these figures, it does not seem difficult to predict that Mr. Raskob will get an overwhelming response against na- tional prohibition, although even some wet Democrats in wet States are, in many cases, not yet convinced that the | Democratic party should place a dis- tinctly wet plank in its party platform { next year. o Seven questions are msked the con- tributors by Mr. Raskob in this letter. | The questions range all the way from the cortributors’ view on the Raskob “home rule” plan, which would give the States the right to say whether or not they would legalize liquor traffic, to the contributor's view on whether the eco- nomic issues were so dominating in the | coming campaign that prohibition could | be successfully ignored. Many of the wets !in the Democratic party hope at least to get into the party platform a pledge that the Democrats in Congress will support & resolution to resubmit the eighteenth amendment to the States, with State conventions elected to_deal speeifically with the question. It is going to be pretty difficult, however, to pledge Democratic members of the House and Senate from South of the Mason and Dixon line to sny such proposal, platform or no platform. ok ok % The chairman of the Demoeratic ational Committee at the meeting of his committee held last March had | hoped to obtain an expression of the committee on this question of prohibi- | tion. But when the committeemen and committeewomen gathered here he found that this was impossible. The committee is to meet agi in January, and if Mr. Raskob does not Aip | again his proposal for a wet platform plank it will be surprising, to say the | least It looks as though this ques- tionnaire now sent out to Democratic mpaign fund contributors was intend- ed to bolster up his recommendation that the committee declare for some kind of an anti-prohibition plank. * ok ok & Senator Hiram Johnson has come back to Washington from California full of bitterness about the Hoover ad- ministration. If he has any intention of getting into the race for the Repub- Jican presidential nomination against | President Hoover, however, he has so {far not manifested it—not openly, janyway. Reports from California say | proposals that California send an “un- instructed_delegation” to the next Re- publican National Convention, rightly |or wrongly, have been attributed to |some of Senator Hiram Johnson's | friends. This proposal made to Repub- lican leaders in North and South Cali- fornis has not made headway, if the reports are true. In fact, there has been |a reaction against it. Some of the Re- | publicans look on it not only as an anti-Hoover move, but also as a move |in favor of sending a delegation that {would be willing to vote for Senator | Johnson for President in the National Convention instead of President Hoover. T Notwithstanding the sssertions of | leading Progressive Republicans from | the West that the Hoover administra- | tion has been a failure and that Presi- | dent, Hoover ought not to be the party | candidate next year, it does not appear | that any of the Progressive Republican | leaders are likely to get into the race for the nomination against the Presi- dent. In the first place, the Progres- sives are by no means a unit regarding example, Senator Borah of Idaho and Senator Johnson of California are more often as possible opponents of Mr. Hoover than any other Repub- lican Progressives, with the exceptiom| perhaps _of Gov. Pinchot of Pennsyl- vanis. But will Senator Johnson give | whole-hearted support to a Borah can- didacy for President, or will Senator Borah jump for joy over a proj 1 to nominate Hiram Johnson for (!,hle( Executive? Senator . Norris of Nebraska, as anti-Hoover as the Republicans from the West come, has frankly seid that he sees no way in which he himself or any other Progres- sive Republican from the West can hope to be nominated at the 1932 Re- | publican National Convention, under the system which prevails, None of these Progressie leaders at this writing feels like butting his head against & stone well, knowing that about all he would get out of it would be & sore head. Unless there are definite signs of an uprising next year, which might lead to & real third party organiza- tion, the Republican Progressive lead- ers are not likely to seek to be presi- | dentisl candidates, except perhaps to | the extent of picking up the delegations | sent by their own individual States to | the National Convention. * % ¥ x Mrs, Hattle Caraway, who has ocently been ted to the Senate seat formerly fil - deus cu-m..’h n.n“ 0{ a&w nomination ou unexpired term of her husband, it is said by Demo- cratic leaders . now returned from Arkansas to Washington. This nomina- tion will be made by the Democratic State Committee within a short time and is equivalent, in Arkansas, to elec- tion. The term will expire in March, 1935. The election for the long term of six years will be held next year, and Yor that term the Democratic leaders in the State have no present intention of nominating Mrs. Caraway. There may be quite & scramble for that nomi~ nation, with Gov. Parnell himself taking art. 4 L re- it tributors, those replies ahould make a |- SR 2 fi}“%"- ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Any reader of this w is wel- come to make use at any e of the | partic free information service of this depart- . Address your inquiry to The Evening Star Tnformation Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washing- ton, D. C., and you will receive & per- sonal Jetter in reply, Inclose a self- addressed stamped envelope, or inclose 2 cents for return postage. Be sure to state your question clearly, and to write your name and address plainly. Q. How many deaths ball in & season?—J. A. The number varies. Of late years. the most occurred in 1925, when 20 deaths were traceable to the game. In 1926 there were nine, which is the lowest record. oceur in foot Q. When were Christmas trees intro- duced into England?--O. G. S. A. The German custom of having a Christmas tree was introduced into England shortly after Queen Victoria's ‘marrisge. Q. What is the origin of the expres- sion, “On with the dance”?—T. F. W. A. It is a line from “Childe Harold," by Lord Byron. Q. How does the proper compare wit A. Estimates only are has about 275,000,000 and India about 320,000,000 Q. How many wives of dents are living?—J. P. H. A. Six—Mus. Calvin Coolidge, Mrs. Theodore Roosevelt, Mrs, William Howard Taft, Mrs. Woodrow Wilson, Mrs. Thomas Preston, formerly Mrs. Grover Cleveland, and Mrs. Benjamin Hairison. Q Where were the soldiers buried who lost their lives in the Battle of Little Big Horn?—C, R. C. A. All who fell were buried in one great grave on the battlefield, except Gen. Custer, whose body, although at first interred there, was later removed to the United States burial ground at West Point, former Presi- H. Q. Who wrote story of Yone No- guchi?—A. J. 8. A. It was written by Yone Noguchi, a English literature in Keio University, at Tokio. He was born at Tsushima, Alchi Province, in 1875. Q. What clties in Southern United States are directly north of Colon, Isthmus of Panama’—F. C. A. West Paim Beach, Fla, and Charleston, 8. C. Q. Are letters sent to & Senator in Washington opened by him or by h secretary?—T. H. A It is customary for a Senator's secretary to open his mail, whether the letters are received at his home or at way to his office. Ordinarily the best approach a Senator is through his sec- retary, and, generally speaking, any confidential matter may be taken up with the secretary, Most Senators pre- fer to take up as many things as pos- sible in writing, since there are so many demands upon their time for inter- views. Q. How many people read the comic strips?—B. R. A. It is believed that four-fifths of all Americans between the ages of 4 and 24 read comic cartoons. Q What s the Brownlan move- ment?—R. K. A. The name is given to the irreg- panese poet, who is professor of |ular agitation seen when minute d les, suspended in a liquid, viewed under a high magni ‘pow- er. It is named for Robert Brown, who observed it iw 1827. Many particles which are put into a fluid, instead of sinking steadily, are endowed with a vigorous motion which is haphazard and irregular. The particies move to and fro, rotate, rise and sink, but show no tendency to rest, maintaining indefi- nitely the same average state of agi- Q death M. P. O A. The onl punishment Are in more England punishable by in America’- y crimes for which capital may now be inflicted, ac- cording to the law of England, are high treason and murder. By Unifed States statutes nine crimes may be so pun- ished, uding treason, murder, arson, rape, piracy and robbery of the mail Q A When was the church at James- Va,, built?-—J, D, The exact date of the erection of the church in Jamestown, Va., {5 not recorded. It was probably finished in the year 1839, Q. Fromywhat language does the word risque come? What does it mesn?—T. o H A. Tt is the past participle of the French verb risquer. Its original mean- ing was hazardous or risky. Its figura- tive meaning is “verging upon impro- priety or indecency,” and it is in this sense that the word is now employed. | Q. Please describe the mythological Scylla—B. H. | _A. Scylia was a 6-headed, 12-armed | she-monster, surrounded by dogs, who lived on the rock Secylla, & | promontory very dangerous to naviga- tlon. It was on the Italian side of the Straits of Messina, opposite but close to Charybdis, & whirlpool on the coast of Sielly. Q. Are silent pictures still being | made?—H. M A. Some few—but very few-—are still being made for amusement m- poses. A considerable number of it | films are made for and in- dustrial purposes. Rye” written?—J. McP. h th tered in Stationers’ Hall, , 1796, and was sung by Mus. at the Royal Circus in s pantomime called “Harlequin Mariner.” Q. In what proportion are the e ments found on the earth also found in the sun?—P. W. | _A. By comparing the solar | with the spectra of terrestrial astronomers have obtained some knowl- edge of the elements which the sun, but so far no experiments | been made to show just in what pro- | portions these elments are found. mMflEwn;—;;l Hannibal, Mo, tt's “Origin of Place Names™ d for the great Q. | named?— | A. Ganne! | says that it was name; | Carthaginian general. | Q. On what date was the false alarm of the signing of the armistice?— E B P, A. Celebration continued all day in | the principal cities of the United States | on Thursday, Nevember 7, 1918, due to an erroneous report. The real celebra- | tion, however, began early on the morn- 'ing of November 11. Brandeis’ Fifteen Years on Bench Viewed as Time of Change Comment on Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis' 75th birthday anniver- sary stresses his part insthe develop- ment of menmmlnlfizenuam in Amer- led his 15 years . It is pointed out that Justice Brandeis, at first in the minority in his emphasis on human | sugreme Court decisions, imself in the majority Tights in finally found changes in the memba.lol;lp. pro- ve action in public life today,” gressi says the Cleveland News, while the San Francisco Chronicle recalls that “in certain 1 decisions the courts epochal e shaped their opinions on the reasoning of Mr. Brandeis,” especially “in cases hwlvlflht,he Wfll 'm‘ Ing children in_industry, re men of the relations between capital and la- bor and between the people and utility corporations.” The Roanoke World- News asserts that “his fine courage and his ceaseless championship of the weak have won the admiration of the Na- tion.” ‘The Hartford Times observes that he “has grown steadily in judicial stature and is held in affectionate es- teem for his keen, just and humani- tarien judgment on the conie before the highest court.” “His sanely progressive decisions in important matters brought before the Supreme Court,” according to ed praise. Like Justice Holmes, he has won the admiration of the Nation. It is an old saying that it is only neces- | sary to clothe one of radical or ex- tremely progressive views with author- ity and responsibility and he imme- diately becomes more conservative, Perhaps the earlier views of Justice Brandeis on some questions were too far advanced, in the opinion of many. Yet we have found that his elevation to the highest court of the Nation has proved a distinct addition to that body; that his presence has had a lib- erall and humanizing effect. The United States is the bstter for the 15 years of loyal service he has given.” *ox %% “Few men, at any period of their lives,” declares the Chicago Tribune, “have enjoyed so dramatic a vindica- tion as has come to Mr. Brandeis in re- cent decisions of the court, and he has worn this victory at an age when the vast majority of men are conient to recall the struggles and successes of their early manhood. At 75 Mr. Brandeis finds himself on the threshold of what may well be the period of his greatest usefulness to his country From being the leader of a minorily he has come to be a leader of the ma jority, The voice which long usroke dissent is now establishing precedents for the future. His fellow countrymen, no less than Mr. Brandels, are to be atulated.” Houston Chronicle deseribes him as “a fighter for humsn rights” and, recalling the storm of opposition to his appointment to the Supreme Court, ob- serves: “The pillars of society have not fallen since Louis D. Brandeis took his place by the side of Mr. Justice Holmes. His undoubted learning and capacity for the position have been gl:loved beyond all doubt.” The Buffalo ening News exciaims: “How well he has justified the confidence of tI who stood sponsor for him!” and the Jersey City Journal com- ment: “His and for solving tion to duty and his to the esteem of the e B o £ Sl S 5 useful, most admired mnfic‘ - nzibm" Vindicator gives the fluence: “For years ‘The Youngstown analysis of his inf Edward E. Gann, sister of Vice President Curtis, was making & serles of speeches before’ women's Republican clubs her. and elsewhere, urging the re-clection of President Hoover. Isn't this an § tion that the Vice President is li decide in favor of running ticket with President Hoover the Senate In in many h o o issues that the | Schenectady Gazette, “‘earned unstint-| kgy w0 " Justice Brandeis was always classed with Justice John H. Clarke and Justice Holm=s as forming the ‘liberal’ minority of the Supreme Court. As a matter of fact neither he nor the others belonged to any settled group. but all brought their best judgment to bear on the cases before them, with due regdrd for the Jaw as well as profound respect for the rights of the individual. For this, Justice Brandeis came to be known the | among his admirers as a ‘tribune of the people, a title which explains than anything else the nature of the services for which he will be best remembered.” “His splendid career on the bench of this highest court,” concludes the Duluth Herald, “crowns a career devoted to the service of humanity. In 3‘ decisions there he has been guided al- ways by the highest conception of the best interests of mankind, and by the wish to consider people rather than property, with property siways 48 servant, never as master. If. like his great associate, Oliver Wendell Halmés, that policy often has placed him in the minority, that is a position which his- | tory, as progress goes on, inevitably will | ennoble.” jTriumph of Cavalry Wins Hearty Praise Prom the New York Herald Tribune The winning by the United States Army team of the International Mili- tary Trophy at Mgdison Square Garden is more than a thrilling victory in this | searching test of horse and rider. All | the nine obstacles were cleared by the | three horsemen without a single fault. | The record had hitherto been held by | the Polish team, which lost a point and | a half only. The German team, which won last year, lost five points and & half. The slightest flick of a horse's hoof is enough to make & bad score. The brief period of jumping repre: sents hours of assiduous horse man: agement and indicates a physical co- | ordination which counts as much in equitation as any other sport, if, in- deed, it does not count more. An absolutely perfect performance in whatever line of human activity is suf- ficiently rare to call forth warm ap- plause. But the achievement of Maj, Harry Chamberlin, Capt. W. B. Brad- | ford and Lieut. Carl Raguse speaks well not only for them but for the branch of the gervice to which they belong | Because Ahe war on the Western Front | was foukht on foot the impression has been gained that the day of the mount- | ed man is over, i spite of the fact that | the British alone used 1,361,000 animals duripg the war and the United States had at least 350,000 animals in train- ing. This false impression has been deepened by the widespread use of au- tomobiles, & use which has led some | people to forget that in time of war | Toads ave systematically destroyed and { that Jess than 10 per cent of the world's | present roads are mproved. | The cavalry exists, and amply justi- | fles its existence, because there will | probably never be a war in which rapid | movement across rough country will nat | be essential. Every glimpse which the civilian has had of the cavalry since | the war strengthens belief in its effi- | ciency. It is largely due to this branch | of the service that the breed of horses in the United States has been so ma; improved. The New Mexico Cay maneuvers in the showed that mounted men can operate in coun- vlnni.n'sw of the Inte Tro- phy is in &pirit of that thorough efficiency which Americans to soe in their Army. It is & pleasure to con- | gratulate the Cavalry on a wel! deserved ‘!rlumnh, | But We Get the Worms. Prom the Cinctnnati Times-Star. With a short chestnut crop in sight, we worry about the poor worms, which wet most of it 5 o Competition Is Vatal. Tom (he Columbus Obio State Jousnall R XA