Evening Star Newspaper, September 27, 1931, Page 25

D. C, SEPTEMBER 27, REPUBLICAN LEADERSHIP, l | FLAYED BY HULL IN FORUM Tennesseean Also Declares How State of Public Mind Is Challenge to Church and Parents. LEADERS’ VISIT TO BERLIN Political Situation in Europe Promisingl for First Time in Two Years Despite Pessimism. OT DEPENDS ON FRENCH’I { BY FRANE H. SIMONDS. DR the first time in two years the litical situation in is The air has been cleared. Germn& had to make her new attack upon the treaty of Versailles; the German people had to discover again that, however unjust that great t, it lfillbvvml the law of Europe lice f:rce. Britain—that'ls, Lal erel Britain—had to find out that Ger- meny could not be saved against and in spite of French policy. And now France is beginnin learn, as she did in the Ruhr e that there are limits to profitabl of force, So, while on mmuu the situa- tion may appear d! l;‘_not ‘hopeful fer excursion of the French prime to Ber- imism. okesmen should rove one of the most important events n a year crowded with dramatic and historic incidents. Upon its outcome .depend many tl the immediate relief of Germany from financial and economic difficulties; the possibility of & decent amount of tranquillity at the ;Disarmament Conference in Geneva in EFebruary, and, beyond all else, the end- fi: of the present acute Franco-Ger- n crisis. tle, use | Cannot Modify Terms. 7' Certainly there will be clouds over ,Ahe Berlin meeting. The disaster and umilistion of the recent Austro-Ger- val and Briand g to_the pital as victors. ench aid, almost ivital to German recovery, can only be i@had at a price rej ant to all Ger- } . Neither Laval nor Briand can odify these terms. Both are the cap- ves of a fixed national purpose. v Curtius’ recent demand at Geneva \for parity in armaments for his coun- ‘ again has aroused French suspicion h;'nn u’:.um.t prepared in the f: i ce is nof e face ’mmury facts to discuss the of Germany. ‘There is, however, a certain basis for Joptimism in the very extent of existing ism. Pranco-German relations ave become so bad in the last 12 onths that the situation cannot get rse, nor can it endure. The crisis is acute, so threatening—on its finan- ‘cial and economic side, beyond even e political—that even extremists on sides must see the necessity of mind, , all are mmphy:tal‘m‘ looked then as if the Statesmanship About Face. In 1923 every sane man in Europe saw that the existing situation could not long continue without universal disaster. And on the very edge of the precipice European statesmanship sud- denly made an about-face. Instead of Tuin tbe:’e"‘ure h.“;urt doa'::i. z‘un of compara tranquillity, ive co- ition and a widespread recovery in France victorious in the tinent, instead sa Ci and Stresemann visibly constitut- ing a-grea triumvirate of peace and reconstru iction. There is a precedent of promise then in the parallel .which now arises frcm similar phecies of ruin, based upon den circumstances. comes the more serious . | ment affair will appear. It is a However, this Franco-German ad- justment clearly must be limited to a relatively restricted fleld. Questions of treaty revision, even of reparations Te- ductions, cannot be disposed of nor even discussed in detail. Disarmament is similarly “out.” France will insist that during the life of any loan Ger- many refrain from all attack upon the status quo. The program of revision of the Polish Corridor, the project of the union of Austria and Germany, will have to be dropped. A moratorium of five or ten vears in the present circumstances is the single way out. That, after all, is what Lo- 10 | carno represented. For five years after | the agreement beside the Swiss-Ttalian | lake the great debate over the treaty of Versailles between France and Ger- many was adjourned. When, after the death of Stresemann, it was resumed last Fall during the German election all the old evils of the Ruhr period returned. With Labor out and a Tory govern- ment in prospect, British/policy is al- most condemned to revert to the Cham- berlain course. Now become a debtor to France, Britain cannot afford to conduct an anti-French policy. Ever; consideration urges the British to seel truce between Berlin and Paris. The truce is possible only if Berlin makes concessions. Prestige Without Parallel. Prance seems intransigeant. She is victorious, her prestige is without pres- ent parallel. Napoleon after Erfurt hardly had more power in Europe than the present prime minister of the Third Republic. ut France, too, is begin- ning to be shaken by the general world depression. Her trade is inking, her economic outlook is none too pleasing. She, too, desires a continent made safe for business. Her finances are as solid as Gibraltar, but her economics can catch the world disease. In fact, they already measurably have become in- fected. In the limited sense French securi is absolute; it is French business whic is now vulnerable. The French not only can afford to be reasonable; they have every conceivable warrant for bdn! very reasonable within the limits of basic French policy. The Berlin con- ference, therefore, may begin some- thing. German nationalism or French nationalism may destroy this hope, but the chance clearly is there. b There is now only one real political obstacle in the path of a period of rela- tive peace on the continent. That is the Disarmament Conference. It can only be a dog fight between the Euro- an powers. It can accomplish noth- Efg because the armed powers mean to stay armed until they get the political terms they are seeking. If the Geneva conference is conducted seriously, it will lead to & new crisis and fresh up- set. I don't belleve that Europe will per- mit that to h-gpen The conference must be held, but between now and February every circumstance points to- ward a quiet agreement to meet, report progress and ask leave to sit again. In some fashion, by some prelimi- nary agreement, disarmament will find “twilight sleep” waiting it at Geneva in February, provided—always provided —that t!:c present B"m; confelr‘:;lcel turns out a beginning of a political noth will moratorium. make any difference. Disarmament will issue for a only supply a subj an further conflict. m it we have a real truce in we shall have no real disarmament conference, but, by contrast, the worse the situation be- the disarma-. para- dox, but it is also a fact. It may even be that it will take an unsuccessful dis- armament conference to bring about a change. But unless one conceives Europe is @ow resolved upon suicide, there must e a turning back shortly, and I be- | lieve that turning back, however tem- porary it may prove, is almost in sight. (Copyrisht. 1931.) *Polanci’s Birth Rate 17 Per 1,000 300,000 Weddings, Million Births } | WARSAW—Poland is jubilant over latest census figures, which show utwfllhl,‘u of 17 per thousand, ‘» The , on January 1, accord- g _to figures just compiled, was over ¥ 1,000,000, an increase in 10 years of | ‘were 000,000, or 14% per cent. { More than 300, jeontracted in Poland during 1930, and }more than 1,000,000 children born, though half of them died. It is the net of more than 500,000 which gives ¥ the ratio of 17 per thousand of which ) Poland is so proud today. Soviet Ratio High. ' Only Soviet Russia, most of which }4s Asiatic, shows a higher ratio. Cor- \responding ratios in other countries 3 l‘;fi?’h' 15.9; Japan, 15 Ttaly, 3 ted States, 10.8; Germany, 6.3 ‘These comparisons are regarded as ice for Poland’s power. Although a decline will be felt in the next few years, on account of the diminished number of births during the war, it will be followed by new gains when the post-war neration, now attendig school, s to marry. Polish demographs point out that be- fore the war marriages averaged only 200,000 annually in what is now Po- land, against 300,000 today. Also that until recently Germany held the lead !in increase of population. Germamy Faces Handicap. | Another point emphasized by mili- tary writers is that today there are 6.- 1000,000 Frenchmen between 20 and 29 years cld and 5,000,000 Poles, or a total |of 11,000,000, egainst 10,000,000 Ger- mans of tac same age, making an al- | most equal balance. But with Poland’s birth rate increasing and Germany's declining, the scales will turn heavily against Germany as socn as the post- war generation becomes of military age. ugoslavian Officials Have Name Inscribed in “Go BELGRADE —While Jews in other parts of Central and Southeastern Eu- § rope complain of increasing ill-will and ‘mistreatment—the American Jewish Congress recently heard a report on the ' subject—those of Jugcsiavia express themselves as contented. The Jugoslav Zionist Congress has just inscril in its “goldemn book,” reserved for friends of the Zionist movement, the rames of Premier Peter Zivkovich and Foreign Minister Voya Marinkovich. “The Jewish people must work for themselves, but they seek moral help frcm other naticns,” said Dr. David Al- «2lay, president of congress, in an- nouneing the honors. “We know that ovr first friends were Great Britain, the United States of America, France and own country, Jugoslavia. ‘Our country, Jugoslavia, was the first country after land to recog- nize Palestine. The Jugoslav people knew what servitude meant, and un- derstood at once the aspirations of the Jewish people. From its very beginning, the Jugosiav government was favorably inclined toward Jewish people and the 2 cslavs could be taken as an example of how & le should «ct toward another le 11y idst. The Jews of scribe the names of the premier and the foreign minister in the golden book. The former has shown his sympathy for lden Book” by Jews since definite a) | ing in the | tents. ins—with Gentile pa- . | Birth Rate Declines | In Hawaiian Islands HONOLULU, Hawall—Though Ha- wati has a high percentage of children | to total population, proof of the fecun- dity of several of the races which make up the cosmopolitan group, latest sta- tistics show an apparent falling off in the rate of increase. As & matter of fact, there has been an actual decrease in number of births in Hawali in 1930- 31, according to figures issued by the bureau of the territorial board of health. The 10,821 births for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1931, is a decrease of 42, as compared with the previous year. The death rate has been some- what checked, particularly infant mor- tality. So the rate of population in- crease does not accurately reflect the fall in births. Hawail does not fear that the birth still continues large. re is, how- ever, a perceptible decrease in the birth rate of the Oriental races here—Japa- nese, Koreans, Chinese and Filipinos— and few people who live in the islands pay any attention to the of Ha- wali turning into an “Oriental posses- sion.” There is nothing to indicate the future government of the islands will be greatly different from what it is today. Just a Few. Prom the Ann Arbor Daily Ne Newspaper headline says “man-made static to be eliminated. However, there may be two or three radt> an- nouncers who deserve to be spared. Abstained. Prom the New York Sun. to as 10 ko Beashing panele, htrobiond o Sonaitians in ¥ | ston Churchill, always the stormy petrel BY C. PATRICK THOMPSON. NTO the van of the internal party struggle to end the emergency government in England as quickly as possible, on the gamble that the electorate will return a Tory ma- jority pledged to end free trade and bring in an era of national protection looking to an eventual imperial eco- nomic_co-ordination, has sprung Win- of whatever party in which he happers to find a roosting place at the moment. Under the Lloyd George regime, Win- ston was for a perpetual coalition—he was sitting pretty then. But he was left out of the national government that has taken hold in England; con- sequently his anxiety to club it and to replace it with a new regime in which he can claim a high place is a play essentially in character. It may seem odd, on the face of it, that the most brilliant, able and ver- satile of England’s public men is side- tracked in a time of grave crisis. He is only 57, incredibly experienced, a veteran compared to Stanley Bald- win (he was a member of Parliament 2t 27 and a cabinet minister at 34), gifted with prodigious powers of work and p: of more energy and drive than the whole of the Cabinet of Ten put together. Behind him rolls a daz- zling career dotted with the high min- isterial offices he has held—commerce, colonies, navy, munitions, home affairs, war, air and the treasury. Plays Polo and Hunts. ey g B, e in the set- . He is acknowledged by all lltem’:iy‘ critics the best living writer of English narrative prose. He also plays polo, despite his weight; hunts boar in France, now that he cannot hunt fox in England; lays bricks with skill and aplomb and belongs to the bricklayers’ union, and in the intervals of playing politics, he paints. have the two Chamberlains, Hoare, Betterton, Cunliffe-Lister, Gil- mour, Londonderry, been taken in, and the bigger and more famous Churchill left out? There is one official reason. He withdrew some time ago from the Tory “shadow cabinet” because he is for the strong arm in India and against the Baldwin-Irwin policy of concilia- tion and round-table talks. But there is also another reason: he is a dan- gerous man. He is in one sense the most danger- ous man in England, because he is the ablest, the most audacious, because he loves power and is of a militant tem- per, and because he is the only man in sight made of good sound dictator timber. T is & murmurous under- current of talk just now about the possible need of having a dictator franc was being run off the map. no one knows what may hap) and if only for such a jo as Poincare undertook with virtual tatorial powers in France when the when the naf government its economy job and breaks up. In parentheses one may observe that For | Oswald Mosle: * | tonheads,” Drawn for Sunday Star by Eric Pape. “HE IS THE ONLY MAN IN SIGHT MADE OF GOOD, SOUND DICTATOR TIMBER.” intments mean noth- | bers! MISUNDERSTANDING HURTS AIMS OF MONROE DOCTRINE Reaction to Mexico’s BY GASTON NERVAL. LTHOUGH Mexico's acceptance of the e’s invital to become its fifty-fifth member was unanimously expected, the official announcement of the Mexican vernment upon doing it has been the subject of widespread edi- } torial comment and political discus- sions in the last few days. | Evidently the way in which the Mex- | ioqn government enswered the invita- tion is responsible for this excitement; that s, the reservation it made in ref- erence to the Monroe doctrine. Much more than the significance of Mexico's entrance into the League, newspapers throughout the continent have been trying to ascertain whether the Mexican foreign office was right in | seizing the unity to denounce the | Monroe e. And even if right,| whether it was wise in doing it or not. Latin American paj in, general re- Joiced at the news it Mexico, in ac- cepting the League’s invitation, had made clear that it “never has admitted | the regional understandings mentioned in Article XXI of the League pact.” Article XXI reads: “Nothing in this covenant shall be deemed to affect thé validity of international agreements, such as treaties of arbitration or re- %ioull understandings like the Monroe rine, for securing the maintenance of peace.” Opposition Sees Victory. Important Latin American states- men declared that they considered a victory for their opposition to the Monroe Docrtine the admission of Mexico to the League after her clearly expressed refusal to subscribe to Arti- XXI, recognizing the Monroe Doctrine as a “regional understanding.” ‘The general reaction of the Latin American press, as reported by cable dispatches and special correspondents, is the belief that the entrance of Mex~ ico in the League signifies the aban- donment of the League's policy of mak- ing extreme concescions to the United States in an effort to obtain her mem- hip. Latin editors contend that Mexico was not invited originally out of the League's deference to the United States, which at that time had no diplonatic relations with Mexico, and that her entrance now constitutes an international triumph for Mexico, be- cause the League now accepts the re- pudiation of a provision which was included in_the Covenant “only as & sop to the United States Senate.” American newspapers, on the other hand, criticized the “untimely men- tion of the Monroe Doctrine,” in the Mexican reply, printing with promi- nent headlines the communique from the State Department renewing un- qualified adherence to the Monroe Doctrine. Claim Doctrine Stands. rate will be disastrously reduced, for it | istr They argued that neither the League of Nations nor the Mexican govern- ment had anything to do with the Monroe Doctrine, and that, while Mex-~ ico or any other foreign government may denounce it, such action means nothing. The State artnient ex- ! plained further that, while the admin- ation has no idea that there will be any need to invoke the Monroe Doc- trine to repel any foreign domination of Latin America, its eral purpose is 5o helpful that' it will never be dis- carded. Some editorialists in this country went much farther and fell once more—unfortunately, of course—in the error of stating that “American inter- vention in Nicaragus, Haiti, Cuba and partially in Mexico to restore peace and protect foreign lives and property are the outgrowth of the Monroe Doc- trine,” and that “it was :e’nm"! e derstood in Europe and Japan that the United States v assume the re- sponsibility of patrol in Latin America, that those countries 7"1 o have troops_for pur- ORI, because the Monroe Doctrine as something en- tirely different from what it was orig- !Imu’y mudn‘w be. Recent Repudiation on Entering League Bares Wide Variety of Interpretations. & hand that the views of both parties are misguided b ing of the doctrine, equally pronounced on both sides. Much Misunderstood. ‘The Monroe Doctrine is probably the most misrepresented and least under- stood principle in contemporary inter- national relations. It is a problem in which, paradoxically as it appears, both parties are at once right and wrong. The Latin Americans are right in opposing any attempt to establish & foreign political control over their own domestic affairs and in upholding their inalienable right to govern themselves as they please. But they are wrong in ~ (Continued on Fourth Page.) I have admired for a good while. He has no particular genius. Starting in a small way, he ECENTLY I visited the R home of a man whom has steadily grown in capacity and a;!lf-t:on1 dencbea. :nl now occupies an important place. A:ger the evening ?n his home I felt that, for the first time, I understood the secret of his progress. His wife is a grand character. She doesn’t pretend to know much about his business, but her every look and action made it clear that she thinks he is the greatest fellow in the world. What he has done is to try to live up to her con- ception of him. And in doing that he has had to become a bigger man. In re-reading a “Life of Abraham Lincoln” the other day I came across a_ pretty story. Influential ple were constantly petitioning him for the promotion of friends or relatives in the Army. But on one occasion the sole recom- mendation received by him on behalf of a second lieutenant who desired promotion was from that officer’s wife. This rather pleased Lincoln, who thought that it was much to the man’s credit that his wife believed in him, and he wrote to Stanton: g “Executive Mansion, “November 13, 1861. “Hon. Secretary of War: “My Dear Sir—Please have adjutant general as- certain ~ whether second lieutenant of Company D, 2d Infantry—Alexander E. Drake—is not entitled to romotion. His wife thinks e is. Please have this looked into. “Yours truly, arises in is involved before “A. LINCOLN." )y an erroneous understand- | to devised the and the military experts few think of him very serjously. If there is to be an English Mussolini, Mosley might be permitted to_grow into a Balbo, but only into a Balbo. Churchill is another proposition alto- gether. He was born in Dublin, where his grandfather was viceroy. His father was Lord Randolph Churchill, third son of the seventh Duke of Marlborough, and a Tory peer-politician of great re- nown in his day; and Lady Randolph Churchill was the former Miss Jennie Jerome, whose beauty, dash. vivacity and intelligence took English society by storm. Such a bold, brilllant and unusual as Lord Randolph Churchill and transatlantic wife, ht have been expected to produce a bold, brilliant and unusual son. And they did not disappoint. There is something Roman about Winston Churchill. He resembles one of those robust leaders of the old republic who cuitivated with equal ardor golmcs‘ oratory and the art of war; who new how to get their way in the popular assembly by a ent and cajolery before going f with con- sular rank to command an army in the field; and who could sincerely reconcile the conflicting interests of the public service with boundless personal ambi- tion and the pushing of a career. As befits a descendant of Marlborough, the best soldier England ever had, Churchill managed to see more fighting by the time he was 26 than half the generals in Europe. He had el- bowed and shoved into the thick of it in the Cuban forests and jungles, the Pass and the South African veldt. Gets Thrill From War. War indeed has provided him with his greatest thrills and his most specta- cular opportunities. He was in charge of the admiralty when the World War broke. He mobilized the British fleet ahead of the British ultimatum, so that the world’s biggest machine for sea war- of an electric button when the British cabinet pronounced for war. flxt lrénce heo%“{d .;tlm the machine ready was not for to fight it. That was Jellicoe’s job. o So we find Churchill off to Ger- h a composite force of Antwerp, intent uj harryi lnnx'rxl flank i t] e s & marines_and armored cars. The ad- mirality was left in the air. Ch\xrch“ill was having the time of his life. His circus was finally knocked to bits, half of it captured; and military experts still quarrel over the question of wheth- ires to the | than turned elles campaign, are still argu- (Continued on Fourth Page.) LAVAL VISIT PROMISES LITTLE IMMEDIATE GOOD Premier to Receive Cordial Welcome, but No Encouragement Not Likely to BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. 'HEN Plerre Laval, premier of Prance, sets foot on Ameri- can soil in October and com- munes with President Hoover and Secretary Stimson, the | atmosphere will be heavily charged with cordiality and hospitality, but concrete consequences of world im- portance can hardly be expected. It will be very much the same kind of | “good will” visit that Mr. Hoover paid to Latin American countries on the eve of entering the White House. The benefits to flow from M. Laval's so- journ in the United States will be fltmoloflul rather than definitely po- tical. The things France would like WIVES BY BRUCE BARTON 1 thought it would be inter- esting to find out what hap- ened to Lieut. Drake, and so wrote to my friend Col. F. H. Payne, Assistant Secretary of War. He replied: s “I inclose a memoran- dum I have received from the adjutant general which shows a probability that Drake's promotion ulti- mately resulted from the President’s inquiry of No- vember 13, 1861. Note that Drake's commission as first lieutenant and as a_cap- tain were both dated De- cember 26, 1861—a fine Christmas surprise!” The faith of the wife won out. The position of wife is one of the few positions in the world not subject to the laws of competition. If my secre- tary is no good, and yours is excellent, I can fire mine and hire yours. If my wife is no good I have no such privilege. Her job is guaranteed to her Bgelm lé&crgnner xlrtxcnwhlmdly arge e can still hold on, o one There has been a tendency in recent years to underesti- mate the importance of the job. Many women feel that it is not an adequate life work. They “run their homes with one hand” and carry on a career with the other, Some succeed. Many mere- ]ayng:t’onba ta}lxip:}t‘wd erform- n bof e the home. oo It still remains tr old-fashioned opinl‘:):‘i. mt!’x‘:{ the most influential and im- portant women in the world are those who, by their faith in their husbands, make them more important, (Copyright, 1991) on “Security” Plan. Broach Debts. to accomplish over here are circum- scribed by irremovable limitations which are believed to the Prench government and people as they are in Washington. M. Laval, therefore, it is felt in responsible Amer- {ican quarters, will come with his eyes | wide open, his feet on the ground and iwllhout any illusions as to what he can achieve. France has one, all-obsessing, inces- | sant and paramount objective. It is | epitomized in what she calls security. { Her entire political and economic policy is based on security. Since the World War she has been making alliances in all directions for security purposes. To that end she has har- nessed Poland to her European chariot on the east and the Little Entente (Rumania, Czechoslovakia and Jugo- slavia) in the middle of the Continent. xsnymmufly‘ x’m mlr:unt t’i:et. m used great hoard of d to ce- ment her political and posi- tion in Europe. She has even it proud Great Britain under tribute to ber during the past few weeks. Position Practically Safe. By pursuing a steady, relentless se- curity policy of her.own, apart from such protection as she derives from the League of Nations, the Locarno pact and the Kellogg anti-war treaty, France today looks upon herself as practically in impregnable position. In addition to all these cxternal bulwarks she has a great army, a supreme air fleet and a substantial naval establishment. The French know that without their con- sent there can be no disarmament in Europe. She is willing to disarm—or, rather, to reduce her armaments—at a price. The price is no secret. It was published to the world; through the Lelge of Nations, within the past few weeks. France will not consider dis- armament until the rest of the world is réady to give her something to take the place of her big war machine. She will not surrender her present security, in other words, except for security in some other form. form she wants is a guarantee that if France is ever at- tacked, as she was attacked in 1914, she can rely on powerful outside aid to repel and crush the aggressor. M. Laval can hardly in any copcelv- able circumstances avoid- stating the French position when he is m Wash- ington, "If and when he does, he will be told, as firmly as the dictates of po- permit, that American public sentime: 1s opposed to security guarantees suc! as the French have in mind. He will discover a complete lack of enthusiasm even for a so-called consuliative pact— an agreement whereby the United States would be pledgsd at least to :onleru:znht Fl:‘nce“lrl: the event she vere reaten wi an aggressive war. ‘When the consultative pact was broached to the American delegation at the London Naval Conference it was made plain to Mr. Tardieu, M. Briand and other French statesmen that the United States could not and would not let itself in 'Ior any such “blank check” arrangement. No signs point to any change of r nsible opinion on tha score in Was i ‘War Debt Question. It will surprise his American hosts if the French premier raises the question of war-debt cancellation or revision. With hundreds of millions of dollars on deposit in banks all over the world (in- cluding, it is said, about $790,000,000 in this country), France is not very consistent position to make “a poor mouth.” Washington thinks there is nothing further from M. Laval's mind than prepasitions of that kind. It goes without saving that the whole question of reparations and intergovernmental debt rayments, as comprehended by the Hoover moratorium, will be dis- cussed between the premier and United States Government officials. Unless in the administration’s policy, M. Laval tention in the measurable future of pro- fare lay ready to function at the touch | hearts HE text of the address of Sen- ator Hull on “A Democratic View of ‘;rtuem Problems,” de- tional Radi The Washington Star over a nation-wide network of Columbia Broadcasting Company, fol- lows: Every person recognizes the demoral- ized md?:emoflc conditions of our whole social, political, moral and economic I believe that the time is a rebirth of the Jefferson ‘Mflpn The shall have stable government by tional political parties, or chaoti blocs. 'The Repul Falka ernment by 13 affairs. The paramount problem is t0 | pr ascertain and examine the fundamental cause in each instance in order that fundamental remedies may be scribed. Unfortunately, mighty few per- sons are attempting either. This neg- lect accounts for the appearance of quacks, fakers and demagogues in many lccalities with half-baked remedies, nostrums and cure-alls. Some of them are more dangerous than anarchists. The pecple, apart from money-getting and money-spending, have been indulg- ing in a 10-year holiday experience, with luxury, amusement and pleasure-seeking as their chief bent of mind. Naturally, all phases of human conduct have de- generated to a rather low level. During this holiday period there has been no well informed public opinion, and but little thcught about serious sub 3 such as government, morals and civiliza- tion. This low state of tne Eubuc mind is a challenge to the churches, to mil- lions of parents, who are only half rear- ing their children; to political parties and to the schcols, upon which the Nation is annually expending $3,000,- 000,000. If my voice could carry far, p] wl to the 8,500,000 annual college high school graduates to take the lead in bflgflcmx about public meetings in every public hall in America one evening each week, at least until our former high standards of popular government, morals and economics shall have been restored. We need the trumgeu calls of an Elijah and an Isaiah to arouse the fear of God and the 10“10‘ humanity in the minds and of men. Americans Must Awaken. The very fundamentals of popular government have almost disappeared from the public mind and seem no to the high ideals of liteness to the stranger witlin the gate | Visio: Egypt, —was ever so completely wealth, productive capacity, me acter political ideals to lead and to advance civilization to heights hitherto undreamed of. as was America. And yet, amazing to contemplate, apart from science and invention and a sort of materialistic headway, this Nation in most essential is worse off to-be as weil known | sades, that nation could and should shut itself high tariff walls and every other sort of restriction on international trade, pro- dlllz:h::,{,e at whatever cost, 2s nearly as possil all it consumed, restricting home prcduction to hcme consumption, and negativing and penalizing all op- portunities for nations to carry on even mutually desirable and profitable ex- changes of their respective surpluses, ‘The antiquated les thus respon- sible is still oblivious of the fact that this country and the world have under- economic transforma- it we live In a new day, e pol pre-war high tariffs is purely academic now. powerful The few but shortsighted and selfish individuals in control of our political and economic affairs during recent years were chsessed with the one |’ idea of commercial profits or gain, with the result that all policies calculated to secure to the American people the higher, finer things in life cf a govern- mental, social, moral and spiritual na- ture were scarcely given a thought. ‘Their blind leadership is evidenced by their utter imability to see that this great creditor Nation, with vast overproduc- tion ity, would be crucified under the practice of economic isolation. It has literally cost the American people $25,000,000,000 to teach Republican ad- ministrations and the little segment of powerful business Indlviduals in control of them that America and the world are interdependent in an eco- nomic sense. Our post-war I p has been a great tragedy. Artificial Prosperity. ‘The three last Federal administra- tlons mistook for permanent prosperity a few years of business under high- pressure p, resting chiefly tvpon a temporary and artificial basis, such as the expenditure of billions for and highway construction, bil- lons :;;m'otna .;iam-d largely to p:z';or our e & temporary automo- bile boom. These political forces, at in by | lio the masses to be led bacl at w&uhincton today than in the days of Jefferson and Jackson. If the doc- trines of the latter were sound, then lfish and_privileged minorities. this end Democrats should assemble for get-together purposes in every State capital during the present Fall and should, early in 1932, meet forward movement. party should falter now a new grou would promptly rise up to battle for i toric doctrines of rule by the pertinent today than 100 years ago. Must Arouse People. It would be confusing, rather than clarifying, for me to set out & list of symptoms in our body politic with mere palliatives, instead of at- tempting to describe the disease and suggest fundamental treatment. example, from a Democratic stand- point, the two first prerequisite steps, both imperative and paramount, for the people to be aroused and in- duced to come back and take real charge of their Government, and, ondly, a general revival in the minds and hearts of Democrats of the tradi- b 5‘3;52!5 ducing industries at high wages, out thcir maximum production f LM e ke 2 3F &3 g g vast unemployment resulting, shall be checked, the Republican party divorced from the chief tariff ben: duction to domestic Boots. valotization, pegsing, , valo similar practices. of prices, the same time, thought they say the | vast' une: end of business cycles and also the abolition of poverty. Leadership with n, and constructive ca- pacity would have saved the Nation and the world from the chief in- Jjurious effects of the existing panic. Even the wild speculation and infla- tion that immediately precipitated the panic could, I think, have been curbed by the Government and the invest- ment bankers. Had the Democratic policies, however, of low tariffs and fair and friendly trade relations every- where been in effect, most of the pres- ent acute conditions would not have arisen. For example, world trade op- portunities would have enabled debtor countries to pay their debts. With our own foreign markets and trade which ‘we unquestionably could have de- veloped since 1920, all our labor would be receiving t high of unemp! or of unemployment. Amer- ican agriculture, the inhuman de- struction of which, by high tariffs and virtually no foreign mari 1t would take another Longfellow’s “Evangeline” to depict, would be free from the fatal effects of overproduction and undis- posable surpluses. Nor would every- body be running to the Government for authority to pool, to regulate and artificially to fix or peg prices. ‘To accept leadership, the Democratic party must restate its fundamentals and face back to a clean-cut attitude toward its historic tariff and cial policies, ridding itself of such the Houston the meantime there is a radical change in | is will learn that this country has no in- | ejthe the very policies that have :roy' culmi- tarift nated so disastrously. should come down alike e here to & common - level. This Nat having measurably led others into the present economic cata , _cannot to0 soon to lead them out. There should - be careful and gradual tariff reduction downward by Congress, with the aid of a fact-finding commission, a fair and friendly commercial based the unconditional favored mumm" tariff and trade constan! ;-;g:oymnnt at with no f the | conditior commer- | hi il