Evening Star Newspaper, September 19, 1931, Page 6

L adcs w / THE EVENING STAR _With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D, C. SATURDAY. .September 19, 1831 THEODORE W. NOYES. ... Editor ' ! The Evening Star N per Company Vanta_Ave, etk S T ice; 14 Regent Enelan Rate by Carrier Within the CHy. ‘\ ders may be Raiional So00. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance, Maryland and Virginia. 1y llllfl Sunday. $ 3% ’{ .00 i E,'\'XJ “only * 13T §400:1 All Other States and Canada. g e 00 o i ’r,. nz.gooi } 'l:gn ll’lu 00! 1 mo., 50¢ Member of the Associated Press. ssociated Press s exclusively ertitled 1o e A Gor Sopusiicaion of Il news diz- O tbhes credited fo It o not giherwise crad- Pt I {his. PADEr AnQ aiso he local news Dublished hereth. - All rishts of publication of Dheclal diupatches herein are sise reserv mo.. mo.. 5¢ 0c mo.: 40c Warfare in Manchuria. A lamentable development of Japanese- Chinese hostilities has occurred at Muk- den, which may have the result of an outbreak of war between those countries. 1t is difficult to trace the precise cause of the present clash, which appears to have been acutely centered between Japanese and Manchurian forces, to the immediate end of the selzure of the “inner city” of Mukden by the Japanese. Unless there is early and sincere effort on the part of China to settle the dispute and pacific co- operation on the part of Gen. Chlang Hsueh Liang, the Marshal of Man- churia, the. trouble is likely to develop into a war the end of which may be a change of sovereignty in Manchuria. Japan is in Manchuria as holder of @ “concession” of railroad rights, granted in consequence of the Japanese yictory over the Russians in 1905 Under the terms of the Portsmouth treaty, which settled that conflict, Russia transferred to Japan her lease of the Kwangtung Province, the rail- way between Port Arthur and Chang- chun and its branches, together with the coal mines and various rights ap- pertaining to the transportation system. The treaty of Peking, signed in Decem- ber, 1905, approved these transfers to Japan, while by an additional agreement China also gave Japan the right to naintain and improve the military line between Antung, on the Korean border, and Mukden, built during the wer by the Japanese troops. By & protocol | appended to the treaty China pledged herself to Japan not to construct any snain line in the neighborhood of and parallel to the South Manchuria Rail- way or any branch line which might be judicial to the interests of that ‘lel\'-y. Under the treaty of Peking, Japan @nay maintsin, in Manchuria & maxi- mum of 15,000 troops to safeguard its rail lines, which are owned in fact by the Japanese government. About half that number of troops have been kept on duty, and in consequence the area of ‘the Japanese occupation has been the most peaceful and orderly portion |' of all Manchuria., Récently “incidents” have occurred to arouse sharp feeling between China and Japan. China has éngaged in Taflway constructions which Japan claims to be violative of the Peking protocol. A couple of months ago Koreans attached Chinese laborers in Korea and = large number of the Chinese were killed. Japan disclaimed responsibility for this act, though its forces did in fact make some reprisal upon the Koreans for their violent The latest of these “Incidénts” has been the immediate cause of the present conflict.: A Japanese officer, Capt. Nakamura, engaged in some survey works in connection with the railway, ! was captured by Chinese troops and, ! with three companions, was summarily executed as a spy, it being contended { that he was making maps. This caused an intense feeling to develop in Japan, and it was hoped that the affair might be settled by the intervention of the Marshal of Manchuria, within whose - territory the execution occurred: In- {7 deed, there.is hint in the dispatches ‘that the blame for the execution of Capt. Nakamura had been laid upon Qen. Kwan Yu-heng, a regular Chinese *. #ommander of the Nanking government | Jorces. Just as the negotiations seemed tobe #pproaching settlement there came § Bhew occasion for Japanese anger. Troops, of what allegiance s not established, fare said to have bombed and destroyed #racks of the Japanese line, This caused #he - attack by Japanese troops upon ¥ Mukden, the Manchurian capital, which, mccording to the latest reports, has sue- iteeded to the end of the occupation of Rhat city. Just where Marshal Chiang ."bu&h Liang stands in this matter is ot clear. It would seem probable, how- jever, that the attack upon his troops nd the taking of his city definitely laces him in an anti-Japanese position. § It is undeniably Japan's aspiration % control Manchuria. has never been Teconciled to the loss of what it regarded as the “legitimate fruits of war” after the defeat of China in the campaign of 1894-5. There is a highly militant party in Japan which #eeks the recovery of what is considered as the rightful Japanese conquest on the mainland. 'The execution of Capt. Nakamura was immediately seized upon | Dy this party as a warrant for Duniuvel measures which would have the effect, it was clearly hoped, of placing Japan in possession not merely of the raliroad concession in Manchuria, but & definite sugerainty, if not soverelgnty, Over 8%|not harking. Uncle Sam knows what | I never shall discuss a thing Jeast the Province of Fengtien, the rich- @6t area in Eastern Asis. SRS Edison is reported to be on the mend. The good news encourages the i hope that he will soon be strong enough { ' to write his own health bulletins. —— s 3 “Resignations” at Rome. . ¢ Premier Mussolini is about to pay his | projected visit to Pope Plus at Vatican | City, The way to that notable and | public demonstration of peace between ! Italy and the Holy See has been paved ; by a couple of rumarkable changes in | the respective high commands of the .| church and the state. The Pope has re- i resignation of the Jesuit Enrica Rosa, Ofifi( of That country | the Civilita Catolica, and T Duce has called for the retirement of no other thah his chief Fascist lieutenant, Maj. Glovannl Giurati, secretary general of the party and guiding spirit of three million Black Shirts, 5 Father Rosa and Maj. Glurat! were the provocative, if not the moving, spirits In the controversy which brought the Ttalian governnient and the, Vatican into violent conflict this year. The church editor in his writings displayed a marked anti-Fascist leaning. Maj. Gilurati, on his part, fired the Fascist cohorts with anti-Catholic emotions by accusing the Pope's Itallan subjects of systematic hostility to the ideals and practices of the Mussolini regime. Il Duce called for the removal of the priest. The Pope retaliated With a demend for the removal of the Fascist party executive. i Rome dispatches tell that the action thus taken by either side to the late embroilment is intended as a dramatic demonstration before the whole world that the white-winged dove of peace now hovers screnely over the ‘Tiber. When the prime minister makes his obeisance before the throne of the Supreme Pontiff peace will be “offi- cially consecrated.” Mutual interest has dictated it. Statesmanship found the way. Church and state in Italy should both profit from its discovery. ————— Our Dilapidated Water Front. The adequate and systematic devel- opment of the Washington water front, especially along Washington Channel, has been urged for years. It remains as one of the major projects of the whole Washington plan that, receiving plenty of attention and study from the experts, has made little if any definite progress toward realization. The Army engineers have given the proposal seri- ous thought for years, going so far as to make an estimate of the cost and Tecommending the division of cost be- ! tween the Federal and the District gov- | ernments. ‘Their report, approved by the | chief of engineers, has been sent to| the Rivers and Harbors Committee of the House. It has joined the pile of documents on the subject that have been prepared by trade and civic or- ganizations and by officisls of the Dis- trict government. i The Wharf Committee of the District Government has just sent to the Com- | missioners another annual report, point- ing to the necessity for systematic and orderly development of the ‘Washington Channel water front. It repeats recom- | mendations noted before by this and other agencies studying the problem, | which are that the time has passed when annual repairs to existing wharf facilities can be made economically, and that the cheapest method mow is to adopt a definite plan and to begin & systematic program of reconstruc- tion. The plers at the Municipal Fish Market, for instance, have been re- Ppaired time and sgain, but each of the | repairs has been regarded &s a tem- porary makeshift. Now, according to the Wharf Committee's report, the time 1 structed, unless the alternative closing down the plant becomes neces- sary. It would be foolish, of course, to un- by ing the plan and authorizing its grad- ual execution, so that emergent jobs of reconstruction can then be made in ac- cordance therewith. Busy as the new Congress will be with other things of great national im- to give the Washington water front development thorough study, make sure of its appropriate development in ac- cordance with the plans of the National Capital Park and Planning Commission and other such agencies and edopt it as a definite scheme. Reconstruction of dilapidated structures can thenceforth be made as steps in the carrying out of the approved plan. R Charges that Al Capone personally orders gangster assassinations must be received with doubt. He would scarcely | take time to interest himsell in the petty personal details of what has be- | come an_exceedingly large and com- | plicated business. MESPERINE | | ‘The aviator wno would rather face | his 30-day sentence for speeding in | | his home town than remain snow- | | bound on a desert island. tgain demon- | | strates the fallacy of the poet who | { longed for a lodge in some vast wilder- ness. | r———— i Soviet Russia makes no effort to| keep business out of politics. On the | ,contrary, Stalin makes it clear that | !its politics always means business and | world business at that, VPR i 0 R T PR The Legion at Detroit. All American Leglon roads are lead- | ng to Detroit, where on Monday the | | annual convention of the country’s largest World War service men's | organization—now more than one mil- | lion strong—will open. Seldom in the | Legion's decade and more of existence | has it riveted the Nation's attention | as closely, as the deliberations at | | Detroit will do. It is the action the | | Leglonnaires will take with respect to | ! further bonus legislation . that is| chiefly in the public eye. It is not going too far to say that | the soldiers of 1917-18 are on trial in popular estimation as to thelr con- | ception of patriotic duty in times when arms are stacked and the cannon are i | the Legionnaires did when national | duty called. He is wondering whether all of them are conscious that “peace hath her victories,” too. National Commander Ralph T. O'Nell of Kansas, on arrival in the convention city yesterday, disclosed the small ex- tent of the agitation for Zresh Joan ad- vances to World War velerans. He said that only fifteen of the fifty-eight de- partments of the Legion had submit- ted resolutions on the subject. Eleven are for immediate payment of the bal- ‘| And then some imp paused to rejolce ance due, or $2,159,000,000. = Four de- partments are against it. The great majority of the delegates, the com- mander states, will enter the conven- tion uninstructed. Col. O'Neil is con- vinced that they will view the bonus THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 19, 1931 THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. issue, when it reaches the convention floor, open-mindedly, but with a due re- gard to the effect further drafts on the Treasury would have on national finances. Gen. Hines, administrator of veter- ans’ affairs; Gen. Harbord and other comrades and friends of the service men are warning the Leglon to resist pressure for additional bonhus legisla- tion at this time. The Treasury has already had to resort to short-term borrowing to meet the extraordinary demands created by the action of Con- gress last Winter in raising from 2215 to 50 per cent the amount loanable on the face value of adjusted service certificates which mature in 1945. Veterans' Administration authorities calculate that immediate redemption of the unpaid half of certificates’ value would cost the country $815,000,000 more than if the service men receive payment, as originally planned by a grateful .Government, fourteen years hence. The Legionnaires will disap- point those who retain faith in their unalloyed sense of national duty if, at such a time as this, they do anything to justify the taunt that they are “& tin-cup brigade.” — —ee— ‘With aviators busily engaged in mak- ing acronautic records, Sir Thomas, Lipton may be excused for wondering why the world should ever have de- veloped so much interest in such a comparatively small matter as a yacht race. AR Laws are easily enforced when they appeal to the popular sense of justice, Laws cannot be relied on for such an appeal when their administration calls | for the encouragement of stool pigeons : and anonymous letter writers. i S s Reports that smugglers continue '.ol‘ bring products of Canada breweries in | rowboats to this country call renewed’| of the beer patron, St. Gambrinus, as!| a tax dodger. ———————————— Bicycle riding is said to have been taken up by the Printe of Wales. Equestrians may not approve of his new riding method and make bold to remind him that it is as easy to fall from a bicycle as from a horse. i b, Occasidnally an actor divorce case is settled out of court. Few are settled outside the press agent’s office, where | publicity proceeds regardless of legal counsel. I [RERSESEI LS ST Perseverance conquers. It is confi- dently expected that the next Weather thi Bureau announcement to the effect | that the hot-wave season is at an end will prove entirely correct. * [ Sl geps- Parmers compelled to feed wheat wl hogs will wait to see whether the price of exceptionally fine pork reaches epl- curean altitudes. R Too many of this country’s novelists and scenariosters assume that assump- tions of intellectual initiative call upon them to abuse America first. —————— Even at this late day in the month caution is advised in connection with announcement that the backbone of the September Summer is broken, SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. * Unconquerable Cheer. Go 'way, sunshine! ‘Whut you doin’ here? Don't you know you's done shine Yoh full' amount dis year? De world is mighty serious An’ de future seems mysterious. Go 'way, sunshine! You's actin’ mighty queer. Go sunshine! Dat’s whut I has to say. You fes’ gives one shine An’ brightens up de day. An’ de beahnin’ an’ de beauty Glows along de path of duty; Go 'way, sunshine— But, says he, “I's here to stay!” Caation. “Your speeches are not very inter- esting.” “It may be a mistake to make a speech too interesting,” replied sennwri Sorghum. “It's better to say things in a dull way so that they won't be remembered in case you want to change your mind.” _ Mythology Outdose. “Did you ever hear of the goose that laid the golden egg?” “No,” replied Farmer Corntossel; “but T've got a bunch of turkeys that I reckon will be worth pretty near as, much in an investment way.” The Difference. The pessimist says things are wrong, And loiters as he seeks to blame. The optimist can sing a song And keep on working, just the same. Opinfons. “Every man is opinion.” “Yes,” ren'i>d Miss Cayenne. “But some opinio. e like malaria—excus- able, perhaps, under the circumstances, but nothing to be proud of.” Domestic Diplomaey. “Have you any objection to my mar- rying your daughter?” “No, sir,” replied Mr. Cumrox. “I'm not saying a word. I know mother and | the girls. If I Jet them find out that I don't approve of you, theyll make Gladys accept you just to defy my au- thority.” Too Much to Ask. 1 do not fully comprehend! Unto the simple truth I'll eling And speak it to the very end. And said, “If thus you should explore Each statement ere you give it voice, You will be silent, evermore!” “De hopeless thing sbout s mean |’ man,” sald Uncle Eben, “is dat he mis- takes & whole lot of meanness foh smartness.” . No Mercy. entitled to his | P€ ‘What mlmfir inspired so many novelists as. Novels have been laid in New York, in Paris, in Vienna, in Rome, but mostly nther'mclltdant:;’lyi u’n:f action occurs in those cities, tha all. But when English writers t their characters in l}flndon, the city takes session of them. mfis places and people soon usurp fhe entire story, so that the reader brings away with him a vivid impression, not 5o much of having read a story, as that he has been places and seen people. During the past r or so & half & dozen fine novels have placed London once more on the literary map. 1t would seem to the American reader that there must be something extraor- dinarily vital about the capital city of the British Empire. “ New York cannot show six novels in the same class with “Angel Pavement,” by J. B. Priestley; ‘The Water Gipsh by A. P. Herbert; “The Square CII'S] by Denis MacKail; “Albert Gmpe.; F., O. Mann; “Saturday Night, Thomas Moult, and Bell,” by Patrick Hamilton. The last named is a sketch, in com- parison with the others, whicn beloags to the new-old fat novel ciass. Seem. ingly, it takes a great many words to portray the very flavor of London: and every true novel addict is glad of it. The reading world had grown_tired of the short and shorter novel. If ex- quisitely done, in the ‘manner of “The Bridge of San Luis Rey,” for instance, such short works have their appeal. Few ‘stories are elaborated in that stylistic maner, however. In all too Imany novels published during the past five years the ;ender ‘is through almost before he has begun. An excellent example of this is the Jong short story, or short, long story, whichever one wants to call it. called “g 8. Pedro,” which was originally pub- lished in Scribner’s as a prize story, und by by { which now has bzen put out between | he vers by one of the book clubs. mAs flnyely etched as that catas‘rop (ths real S.8. Vestris) is in the tale, the reader is left with a feeling of want, because the whole thing is entirely too | attention to the unhallowed reputation | ST * ¥ XX Mr. Hugh Walpole's latest novel, “Ju- dlthrl‘lr‘;:" belongs in the fat class. It has 776 S, .";'he h’::';m'k of the late Arnold Ben- nett, “Imperial Palace,” was exceedinely e authors of all degrees are turning with one accord toward the re- vival of the Jong work of fiction. Dickens, in. other words, is winning -':ll:i that the great Chllflefl, of course, invented the long novel. If any one may be said to have dgne it, it was the author of “Tom Jones. ‘But, aftef all, the hefty, bulky, long novel belongs to no one nation. It 1s the natural way of telling a msrzl'nehow. when one takes to words, he wants plenty of space. Hlvnfly.pthe reader wants the samc Ofie the pamut e run, (o, long novel, perl wi ul et il e “adngy et one, cramm style, e p style the better) the reader of books is quite willing to go back to the be- | ning of the cycle. B ee Just ‘oxacily what is hap- pening in England today. * x ok % It is an exceedingly inte thing mmngmxn orker about his great m !;e! o , ‘whereas when the Lon- presents the ¢ity on the Thames “The Midnight | he turns, almost instinctively, to the common people. There ave exceptions, of course. Thomas Burke, whose “himehouse Nights” is still remembered, has just produced a very condensed novel of It is too short. It por- trays the life of one of the submerged women of that great place, but the whole will strike many ss being ar- tificial. It is not long enough to get one really interested, and it is too ar- c. It was Charles Dickens, after all, who discovered the wealth of humanity in the English cockney. At the same time he had the common sense—-and also the writing sense—to realize that art, for art’s sake, as it is called, woeuld not do for these people. < There was and is nothing srtful about the life of the common' people, either in London, or New York, or Wi n. The world around, the plain people are the plain people, and the artist who desires to use them on | his verbal canvas must paint them as they are. His colors will be their trueness to type, his high lights their variations from P o typ“e"m dth'l‘sm‘.solld back- ground o an embroidery of the singular, he may go ahead to gmduce greatness, as Herbert did in i his character of Jane in “The Water Gipsies,” as Mann does in his Albert. * k ok % ‘The long novel not only has the ap- i]:u'otvl.r of readers—the authors like | it, too. 3 If a story is really worth telling, and | if its characters take hold of the writer, |to begin with, in the same way he | hopes they wiil intrigue the fancy of | readers, then it is but natural that he will want to hold onto them'as long as hé can. Dumas stretched his inimitable | D’'Artagnan through eight large vol- umes. Dickens wept at the death of Little Nell, not because he was a sentimental~ | ist, but because he truly loved her and | did not want to see her go. It is safe to say that regards of this sort can be built up only by time. Every reader has experienced the sense of loss which comes to him on ending a really fine novel. \ He lived in it, for the duration of the pages; its sweep through life was his | sweep' through life. And when the end | came, and he reluctantly shut the cov- ers, he feit almost sad, even if the story | ended happily. | _‘This is the privilege of the long novel |alone. No short work, no matter how | beautifully done, can work up this feel- | ling of the true e of time which belongs to the novel which actually ton- sumes much time in its telling. | It need scarcely be said that mere mass of words will not do it. Publish- | ers’ readers know better. Every year | scores of great unwieldy novels come to their desks. Number of words alone | will not turn the trick. Once we were Ermlend to see a novel in manuscript which not only was long, but which consisted of one sentence {only. The whole thing had been run into one gigantic sentence of many | thousands upon thousands of words, until the effect was tremendous in & | terrible fashion. | It is fortunate for the novel-reading public that most writers know how to write. Surely no era ever had better | writing than today. And it is a par- Eunullrlynnmpfiy ‘nt'hmr &h“l‘s‘t s0 many the e livi nove! are going accord, to the Writs | ing of novels of major length. | . The long novel has come to stay, we | believe, It is being done best today | in London, by Londoners, ebout London= | ers, but for readers everywhere. of | back, as if of one H { Agitation by organizatioris of veterans the payment of the soldier bonus in meets with- little support. from the press, which sees in such adverse effects on business and an unwise demand uj in its present state. e Ameflunlnhnmm- ecognized, a seen if the measure is pushed”in the face of opposition from the general pubic. Ref to the action of lon- naires in its own State, the ka Dally Capital states that “Kansas vet- erans are opposed to embarrassment of the Treasury in its present diffi- culties” The ~Topeka paper adds: “Comdr. O'Neil's statement that the compensation Joans of a billion dollars or more ‘have no relation whatever to the present deficit’ of the Treasury is correct, since the Treasury was bound to provide for the adjusted compensa- tion scheme, out of which the loans have been made. Yet it is necessarily true that the funds, if not made avail- able by taxes, must come from borrow- ing. It is the Treasury that in some manner is obliged to make these pay. ments, loans and otherwise, out of public funds. A total disbursement to date of upward of five billion dollars for 2ll Veterans’ Bureau services neces- sarily has a bearing on,a Treasury deficit.” The proposed burden,-according to the Charleston (S. C.) Evening Post, “in the face of & greatly udl:fied b:nd continues: 1 organized body, such as the veterans assotiations, is much greater than their numbers justify, because it cafh be con- centrated upon a point and the pres- sure thus put upon the individual mem- ber of Congress is mot easy to resist. The American Legion, for example, in- cludes only about one-fourth of the whole number of veterans of the World War, but it exercises a more power- ful ‘influence on Congress than the unorganized mass of veterans.” Voleing disappointment.at the atti- tude of some ‘ex-service men, the Hardford Times comments: “To be com- lled to finance in the near future a $2,000,000,000 payment to war veterans instead of building up this amount in | fund over a period of years :vlislm:lue:'n a most unfortunate burden on the Federal Treasury, and the re- sull cannot be other than increased taxation. In addition to the financial objection there is also the cogent argu- ment that if the bonus certificates are cashed in full at this time one may be sure the same tactics will be applied to force a mnew general bonus law through Congress in the near future.” Warning by a retiring commander of the Legion in the State of Washington, is quoted by the Yakima Daily Republic, in the words: “I feel that this Govern- | ment has done a great deal for its re- turned soldiers, and that we are reach- | ing @ point where additional demands are going to reflect unfavorably on our organization.” this “will come With much better grace from within on the outside.” “Two serious objections to the plan arise,” actording to the Jersey City Journal. * purpose of the certifi- cates will be entirely defeated; the veterans will not have in old age any protection as a Tesult of adjusted com- jpensation. * * Just now 1s about he meanest time in the country’s his- for any money-grabbing scheme to foisted upon the Nation.” - ‘The Lex Leader also cOntends: f'Certainly by making demand after de- -upon the Govern: ¢ ining and larger sums' from . the easury without full justification, the will create ummmmdou Te- | The Republic holds that | the ranks than from those | Ability to Pay Bonus in Full ~ Is Questioned by Country | before. It might easily lead to s situ- | ation in which the taxpayer vote would o o Loglon vote—s situstion v s }:vgh‘lch the Leglon has never confronted | ‘The impact of the taxpayer is resent | emergen: vier than o pact of the if this probability is realized the effect on the Legion's prestige might easily become disastrous.” Obgerving that leaders of the veterans have had put before them “the unwis- ernment of indorsing and pressing the whole series of demands preferred by various departments and posts of the Legion over the country,” the Atlanta | Constitution remarks: “The claim that the new payment of $2,300,000,000 will relleve ‘distress’ and settle the ‘unem- ployment’ problem is too thin to wash. | On the other hand, that amount of | money taken from trade, industry and | savings and put into Goverrfment non- taxable bonds will continue the distress of business and increase the volume of unemployment. Certainly the Legion- | naires did not ‘save the country’ only to | bankrupt it by unnecessary demands | and high taxes.” The New York Sun quotes from the | American Legion Monthly the | ment that the million men who cos | tute the membership of the Legion “are | earning twice as much as the :veuf | American,” and offers the comment: 1 | their collective lot is better than the | common lot, it should be a matter for | pride, but it is hardly a basis for a de- mgd for more than two billions in |U. S. Seen Neglecting | Shipyards on Pacific | Prom the San Prancisco Chronicle. | Naticnal as well as civic patriotism | will be served by vigorous promotion of the movement to revive shipbuilding on | the Pacific Coast. The excuse for the | Jones-White Jaw, under which Federal l’:l‘edlt is put at the service of private shippihg interests for the construction | of new vessels, is that the development of American shipyards and the Ameri- can merchant marine is important to | national defense as well as national | prosperity. | But up to date the law has worked in |a very one-sided way—the Atlantic | side. As President Cutler of the Cham- ber of Commerce pointed out in his it.'«nrennez with yor Rossi, not & | single cent of the Government mil- lions spent under the Jones-White act has come to the Pacific Coast, al- | though nearly $30,000,000 of it was for ships designed to ply the Pacific Ocean. Even offers of local civic and business organizations to indemnify the shipping companies for the difference in cost of construction on the two coasts was un- availing. * ‘The Jones-White law is very rigid. It gives no discretion either to the Ship- ping Board or to the shipping inter- ests that avail themselves of the Gov- ernment loans. If the law is to carry out its purpose of en ing & truly national equipment m%fiflm fa- cilities, it must be amended. Ship- building facilities on the Pacific Coast may easily become a matter of vital na- tional importance. They were such dur- ing the World War, ——— e Self-Denial. Prom the Roanoke Times. Chairman Stone of the Farm Board says he ?m not ' contemplate 1-%1::; Congress for any more money. 's glving some of the other boards a well earned break. A Balance Needed. - From the Buffalo Evening News. dom and the financial risks to the Gov- ' ‘Whether or not the business depres- sion ends this year or next year; whether or not the United States joins the World Court or the League of Na- tions; whether or not world M‘-‘m ment is accomplished, and whether the Republicans or Democrats win the next in Their Courses,” by The gift of writing and lecturing about the most technical scientific subjects in térms understandable by the ave person of good intelligence belongs in an unusual During the past the auditorium of the National Museum, under the auspices of the Carnegie In- stitution, to a large audience, many of whom were apprehensive that they would understand little of what he talked about; yet as the audience poured out of the hall it was obvious that most. of them had understood and were awe- stricken by what they had heard. An earlier book of Sir James Jeans, pub- lished about.a year ago, “The Mysteri- ous Universe,” might, from the point of view of the advanced physicist and astronomer, Seem adapted to intelligent young people of 14 or 15. “The Stars in Their Courses™” is even simpler and, from the same point of view, might seem adapted to children. . This is to say that both books, especially the latter, have much to give to non-sciemtific adults eager for information about the most. recent theories concerning e mysterious -universe in ‘which any hu- ‘man being is such a small and entirely insignificant incident. * ok kX Small and insignificant as is our earth in the vast system of the universe, and completely unimportant as are we our- selves, we are nevertheless interested in, our origins. About the ‘origin of the earth Sir James Jeans tells us much, derived partly from hypothesis, partly from logical reasoning and mathemati- cal deduction from known facts. About the origin of life on the earth he can tell us practically nothing. The story of the origin of the earth reads like a most fascinating romance. Our sun, lthe principal member of the isolated colony in space of which the earth is a small part, is a large, bright planet, and looked much the same as it does today. 3,000 million years ago, before the earth was born. At about that time, & bright star in space approached the sun end came so near that its gravita- tional pull drew up a large Km’tflm of the sun's atmosphere, much as the moon now exerts a tidal pull on the earth. As the star came nearer and nearer, its pull became so much greater l the gravitational pull of the sun that the mountain of sun atmosphere grew higher and higher and finally shot o:: from the sun the invading star. that_lower of the sun mountain also ‘shot off. When the visiting star passed by the sun, without colliding, the pull diminished and the sun matter | which had been pulied off resembled in | shape a long cigar. Gradually cooling, this cigar condensed into separate drops of matter, which began to move about in space as separate bodies, set in mo- tion by the pull of the now- star. These bodies are the planets, one of the smaller of which is our earth. “The dramatic spectacle we have just witnessed * * * is ope which must inevitably happen in Nature whenever one . star approaches close enough to another, and its final scene is s0 exactly like the solar system that we have every reason to sup) that ‘this is came into bei A ¥ K, h, its way the great left scattered about in space. After thousands of millions of years, it camé to move about the sun later, when it is cooler still, a new phenomenon appears on this sodd crust. Groups of atoms begin to com. bine into coherent organizations of the kind which we—knowing nothing of their nature or of the way they started into being—describe as life on other planets of other suns, or. only-less complex life, or perchance no life ‘at all, we do not know.” It seems that it is possible that a moment some other wandering star l:uy -u;;pm near nenouvh to our arth upon it a gravitational Ppull sufficient to suck off a large por- :‘kll’fl. ;gxe: .:mfld then dance off mer- 5] e A8 & te individual. possibility. ‘makes . worty business or politics seem rather However, Sir James. Jeans doelm‘#o'i this is likely to happen within the next few millions of years. In any case, the insignificance of human- t any the sun‘s family; the sun's 1 only one member of the G-Mfic‘mugn- m. x‘n‘:n?gn:m ?gacflc System is only of 4 e el ‘e system of star- * ok k% of his own time or since is No one has Lytton of the first rank. Yet near! Iy everyone of a, tior Jeast “The generation ago read at t Days of Pompeli” and ?erhlm also “Rienzi” and "plle- ham.' Bulwer's personality. caused | much discussion, not all laudatory, among his contemporaries. He was as fond of dress and as much of & dandy as Disraell, he was proudly patrician in his manner, yet he was a radical in politics. “Bulwer; a Panoram Part I; Edward and Rosina, 1803-1838, by Michael Sadlier, gives a portrait of Bulwer_in his early life, before he be- came Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton. His peculiarities, Mr. Sadlier believes, with true modern psychological interpreta- tion, were due to his early parental training. He was erratic and preco- clous, was sent to too many different schpols, became extravagantly roman- tic -through undire reading in his grandfather's library a good time he must have had!) and became melancholy and self-conscious through too much inf tion - and too little association with ordinary human beings. His air of superiority was partly due to' consclousness of his very good birth and unusual talents and to shy- ness. His ma: added to his faults, and Mr. Sadlier discusses this at length. Rosina Wheeler was the daug| of a drunken Irish Jaird and herself a feminist reformer. She and Bulwer were apparently neither soothing nor belpfully stimulating to each other, * k% % G. B. Stern, creator of the" family of Ausirian Jews’ in s Lo branches, the Rakonitzes and. the Czelovars, in her novels, “The Matri- arch,” “A Deputy Was King” and “Mo- sajc,” sometimes writes in ter vein trivial stories which will add to. her reputation. Such a story is “The Shortest leht." a mys novel, with its scene laid on the Riviera. A est at a house party is his bed, with a eu | tion reports intains & e O e larity:| btte v Tt deadly | torting the actual facts of his lite only This relieved pressure below, s0{ —E- uppose actually - the ey, indwen the pianets |, considered the novels of Bulwer- | cebtionally ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. ‘This is & special department devoted to the handling of inquiries. You have anmwuhlnaw‘:m .y in any serve you ity that relates to information. Write your question, your name, and your address clearly, and inclose 2 cents in coin or stamps for reply. Send to The Evening Star Information Bu- hcdencc.v Haskin, = Director, le are engaged in 11?—W. 8. L: A. The National Recreation Associa- commanding position in il;m)nc municipal league sports. Accord- g to records, 241,766 took E:n in games during the p.npmm. res include only leagues that sup- three or more teams and do not lude informal athetic contests. Q. Of what material are the twin towers on top of the new Waldorf Astoria?—C. L., A. They are made of copper sheet with' aluminum, leaf. Q. What is the meaning of “hurst' in such nemes as Maplehurst, Hage! hurst, etc.?—F. E. M. A.. The suffix “hurst” is derived from the Anglo-Saxon word “hyrst,” which means a wood or-s forest. Q Who was Lord Beaverbrook's father>—M. E. B, A. Lord Beaverbrook, the Right Hon. Willlam Maxwell , Altken, is the son of the late Rev. Willlam -Aitken, a Scotch minister of = Newcastle, New Brunswick, Canadd, where he was born. Q. ‘When did “Essays-of Elia” first appear and why did Lamb use that title?—A. E. B - -, b A. The first collected volume of Lamb's Essays, “The Essays of Elia” appeared in 1823; the second, “Dast Essays of Elia,” 10 years later, The signature, Elia which Lamb adopted from the name of a former clerk in the South Sea’ House where he had been employed, served as a thin' dis- guise, under the cover of which the author revealed in an intimate way his own experiences and thoughts, dis- so much as was necessary to preserve a | semblance of anonymity. Q. Where is the Physical - Culture | Hotel>—E. M. B. A. At Dansville, N. Y. Q. What is the name of the prehis- toric animal which resembles a rhinoc- eros?—W, 8. K. / A. The titanothere. Q. What is the meaning of Cones- toga, & town in' Lancaster County, Pa.? | o‘z;i The 51:“2“:‘{1 of American Ethnol- S5ays, e name Conestoga is from the Iroquolan name “Kanastoge,” w«fium place of the immersed Q. Where is Fort Li n?—B. D. A. Fort Livingston mflw':)m 1s sit- uated on the west end of Grand Terre Island, in the Parish of Jefferson, La. bought by the State from Etienne de Gruy, in 1834, and i tely after ceded to the United States for the purpose of fortification. . Please tell something of the work done at the Snake x Brazil.—R. ex. nS e M hm <A. At the Institute Butantan, popu- Eicerpts From it is in ve many ot (Black M feet above sea level, its pure atmosphere gentle enough with a - gestion of the mountain air. - the center of some . R Mowi Torough the g B uho n foothills. The cure at this spa consists in tale- wa the :lenenl springs, hot, warm 'and and in some cases, radioactive—and a series of medicated baths, effective in the treatment of various complaints. ways typical of the ances, , and maladies of the skin, ‘The season runs from May through August, and | durlnf that period some 8,000 visitors take the cures. o The hotels, coffee houses and other accommodations are adequate and ex- . The £ un- surj and the cost of liv- ing is lower than for any resort with equal attractions in Europe. This spa of Janske Lazne (Saint John's Bath), began its history as a curative center in 1650, and in the town hall are many interesting prints showing the appear- | ance of the springs at that remote date. ‘The language difficulty does not éxist for the visitor of Anglo-Saxon stock. Czech and German are spoken, of course, but doctors and inn keepers have English as part of their stock in trade. One of the first things to catch the eye of the English itor s the number of bookstalls displaying English books and papers. ok ok x How Britishers Looked to Japanese. 3 The Bulletin, Btyd’x‘l:y‘ N. f vzfi'r‘};e apanese may not have a play ridicul- ing the Britiah, but they are not with- out methods of retaliation. During the war period, when dolls with character- istically English features, golden hair and hlue’eyes were temporarily off the market, the demand was supplied Wwith , - from Japan; not Japanese dolls, but. creatures apparently de- signed to be coples of the British arti- cle. One enraged M. L. importer wrote to his Japanese suppliers asking them what they meant by sending him such hideous caricatures, and recelved a chilly replg to the effect that anyhow | that was how the Britishers looked to Japan. * kxR Electric Indicator Gives Wrong Discount Rate. The Japan Advertiser, Tokio—A dis- &l‘eh from London says: “The official dicator of the Bank of Ebgland's dis- count' rate unexpectedly showed an in- erease from 2!, to 3 per cent. Almost immediately it was announced that this was an error and that the bank rate remained unchanged at 215 per cent. Later it was made known that some- on a table beside G > &‘:’r‘;:u investigate the case, mf'gfl hostess assumes the role of detective, A neighboring villa, Balmoral, is in- R v ® Diringthe Invetention 5 e many secrets are in the l(? fairs of the guests at the two villas. i B “Dwarf's Blood,” by ‘Edith Oliver, is a novel of much morbid imagination, with a M motif. Alathea Rotherby's life is effort to reconcile her husband, Nicho- Ias, to the existence of their dwarl son, Hans. The rness of Nicholas 1is the morg inf because his mother 13 a d .8 been taunted with & boy he had h!ur ub:?rmlgychy mh‘u‘: boys. Hans 1s broug! Ornwal away from his father, l“npd later devel~ artistic talent. Father and son be- it A in son, oovers how spolled by her tragic |0f hi | J thing went wrong with the electrically i hskory \hat such an error had at such an error been made.” i N Fo¥ t with all the poignant situation and singu- Ppersons llnwru have been pre' ‘The more make & un lection, Some Darwin Highlights on the Wide: are a number of | of the deadly snake, to man, on other snakes, preferris ,"and it lives ones. ng’ Q. How many times has Rollin Kirby, the " political cartoonist, won . e e el 2 e 3 .In 1924 for i ::gx‘: "'On the Road to Mocwae'-ux'n or W M}:; u;'l for the orld,” & 1 [0 “Tammany.” Sy o Q. When were - th Teachers' Agencies uhhuflsd?e—;u;- A. They we) } A Py were founded by Everett O. Q. a) * A ’n i E;etlb »lfld hunger . the ?E’Em fihlmmmnn Beliet that " and hunger are e _same thing, yet, the two are different. Scien- Icalized tists have definif m‘: t&x;:um nft'l‘n" hunger pains. As the stomach and the walls are e: l«: disappears. _Appetite been found T St B o iy et re o;odvrs of !zg.n anlo\y,umu‘ es a] te as _the Howml of digestive 131%:. aroused by the memory of food. The familiar watering of the mouth at the sight of what lLeumlderM appetizing food does characlerize appetite, he says, ing their employes. ol ok . 0. How many gutoriobiles-dire here in mwux?—s.yu;.“ ll-' s A. There are about 45,500 Q. Please explain how people are graded in mental tests—A. H: B. Newspapers of Other Lands belonging to their political faith. When the truck came up with them they boldly boarded it, and rode along, with. the Communists one , wag-not cogpizant of, his On' the mm.fihgn to discuss with nearest glowing eulogy metaphor, splendid tenets of - National party, entirely obliv- ious of the and those of he gllnvltc upon the side of the g t w head. stantly apprised that he had fallen in the wr camp, the young National Socialist, from the truck, mnd sought refuge in flight. e Sty Red s ‘whom _he en_falking seized con- cealed upon the vehicle, and fired sev- eral shots” which b ht him w.'fl:g ground. tely the truck [was turned it and raced back to Co- logne, in'the hope of escaping the ton- Sequences of so rash an act. The young man, ver, was soon found, and survived injuries at first mortal. The police, pending his recav- ery, sought the perpetrators, but were unsuccessful until the young National Socialist was able, only recently, to g: an account of his adwenture. suspects have now been arrested, snd A gareful investigatic ) is being eon- gl S8 0T e, sibility for the murderous attack. Parent Urges Shortening Of Public School Terms To the Editor of The Star: 5 In keeping with the trend of the times for shorter hours of lzbor, ‘why not shorten the school term? I favor this, even though it were neees- sary to add a grade to the graded.#nd high schools. I believe that in this we would be acting in the best interests of all concerned. 3 If the school term " 1 and ended May 29 pupils and teagh- ers would not be compelled to ‘attend school in buildings not equipped