Evening Star Newspaper, March 10, 1931, Page 4

72 TPA4 FREEDOM MARKED BY SOVIET WOMEN Communal Kitchens, Increas- ing Wages and Nurseries iTaking Them From Homes. By the Associated Press. MOSCOW, March 10.—Russia’s eman- cipation of women was celebrated yes- terday in “International Women's day” with parades and other demonstrations. The principal appeal was made for additional women to enter the move- ment for the industrialization of the Soviet Union, At present womgn are on an equal status with men "in many ways, al- though the wages of the former are less. However, the women can get easy marriages and divorces and have many other .privileges which belong to the men. At present the All-Union Congress of Soviets consists cf about 20 per cent woman delegates from all parts of the union, wearing more variegated cos- tumes than any other similar conven- tion, 881,000 in Industry. From the beginning of Communism efforts have been made to induce women to renounce the kitchen and home work for factories. In 1926 there were 642 000 women in industries and in 1930 there were 881,000. Last year they numbered 30 per cent of all industrial workers, ‘The government estimates that in 1931 an additional 245,000 women will be employed in industries. Before the end of the five-year plan 500,000 more are expected to be working. During the past five years women's wages have been almost doubled. Pre- revolution differences in the wages of women and men were almost 50 per cent, but last year the ratio was raisgd from 70 to 80 per cent. Various schools were established last r for training the women for work. n 1930 thirty-three per cent of all stu- dents in technical schools were women, and it is estimated this will be raised to 45 per cent this year. More Communal Kitchens. ‘The 1931 appropriation for baths and laundries and for children's gardens and nurseries was 90,000,000 roubles (the value of the Touble is estimated at about 50 cents), which was triple the 1928 amount. Communal kitchens are expected to prove a boon to women this year, with the government spending +120,000,000 roubles to free women from their homes for industry. Mothers are granted special four- month leaves at the time of childbirth, and afterward numerous nurseries are equipped to care for the children while the parents are working. Women are not allowed to work in industries which may be dangerous to their health. In the International Women's day parades, however, it was noted that all the bands were composed of men. . MARRIAGE NOTICE BILL PASSED IN WASHINGTON By the Assoclated Press. OLYMPIA, Wash, March 10.—Al- though o] the entire bachelor Washington Legislature on reconsidera- tion yesterday. had been defeated on the first bal ‘The bill requires a three day waiting period after application for a mar- riage license before the license is issued. | THE WEATHER l District of Columbla—Fair and con- tinued cold, with lowest temperature about 28 degrees tonight; tomorrow fair with slowly rising temperature, dimin- ishing northwest winds. Maryland—Generally fair in east and snow flurries in west portion tonight; tomorrow fair, with slowly rising tem- perature, diminishing northwest winds. Virginia—Generally fair and con- tinued cold tonight; tomorrow fair, with slowly rising temperature, diminishing northwest winds. West Virginia—Generally fair and eontinued cold except snow flurries in northwest rtion tonight; tomorrow fair, with slowly rising temperature. Record for 24 Hours. ‘Thermometer—4 p.m., 40; 8 p.m., 38; 12 midnight, 34; 4 am, 31; 8 am,, 32; noon, 33. Barometer—4 pm., 2046; 8 pm 29.53; 12 midnight, 29.56; 4 a.m., 29.61; 8 a.m., 29.68; noon, 29.72. Highest temperature, 42, occurred at 1:30 p.m. yesterday. Lowest tempera- ture, 30, occurred at 5 a.m. today. ‘Temperature same date last year— Highest, 62; lowest 40. Tide Tables. (Furnished by United States Coast and Geodetic Survey.) ‘Today—Low tide, 7:09 a.m. and 7:47 pm.; high tide, 0:33 am. and 12:57 pm “Tomorrow—Low tide, 8:09 am, and 8:46 pm.; high tide, 1:30 a.m. and 1:51 pm. The Sun and Moon. Today—Sun rose 6:29 am., sun sets| €:09 p.m. { Tomorrow—Sun rises 6:28 am sets 6:10 p.m. s Moon rises 12:49 pm., sets 10 am. Automobile lamps to be lighted one- half hour after sunset. Weather in Various Cities, Btations, Weather. &vpaagsa, ey Abtlene, Te. Cloudy °F: Poincare and KingGeorge Decorate Americans, Including Pershing, in RecognitionofServices. HOOVER PAYS CALL ON FOOD SITUATION General Formally Takes Command of 1st Army of A. E. F. as Plans for St. Mihiel Are Made. CHAPTER LVIIL HE French Government had ex- pressed a desire to bestow their decorations American officers and men, asked if I would accept an appointment in the Legion of Honor with the grade of Grand Officer. As Congress had recently granted permission for members of our forces to receive foreign decorations, the French Government was advised ac- cordingly, and it was to confer this honor upon me that President Poincare paid his first brief visit to Chaumont, August 6, 1918 . I met him at the station with a mili- tary escort and conducted him to my headquarters, where the senior officers of the staff were presented. After that formality we repaired to the small area of barracks, where the headquarters troop and band were drawn up in line for the ceremony. Meanwhile the entire headquarters personnel, several hundred men and women, had turned out to witness the proceedings. Both national airs were played and the troops were presented to the President, after which he ad- dressed me briefly in perfect English and pinned on the decoration. Poincare’s Address. “I am specially pleased,” he said, “at this opportunity to thank Gen. Pershing and the brave army under his orders for the very gallant work they did dur- ing the past weeks on the fleld of battl N I replied, thanking him for the honor, and saying: “I value this decoration as a mark of recognition by France of the services of the American Army and of friend- ship for the American people.” Then, according to the French cus- tom, President Poincare kissed me on both cheeks, but not without some diffi- culty, as he was not so tall as I, and it was necessary for him to rise on tiptoe and for me to lean somewhat forward. 1 was not insensible to the high per- sonal honor, but regarded it mainly as an appreciation on the part of the French Government of the assistance America had already given to the cause. ‘Without implying the slightest criti- cism of the form of salutation used in the ceremony, I cannot refrain from confessing my embarrassment, especially as I could hear a hushed laughter from the irreverent Americans in the area who witnessed my situation, no doubt with sympathy. I thought that M. Poincare himself was probably quite as much embar- rassed as I was. Moreover, he must have heard the suppressed mirth as plainly as L Hoover’'s Plan To Feed Allies, At this time there was some appre- hension as to food supply for the civilian population of the Allies, espe- clally for certain districts in France. Mr, Herbert Hoover, who came to Chaumont in company with the French minister of agriculture, was conver. sant with the food situation in gener: He thought England could be of im- mediate assistance, but I was not so hopeful, feeling that her stores must be low, due to the employment of so much of her shipping to carry Ameri- can troops, but I was willing to accept his views and offered to aid him in any possible way. On August 8, I again turned my at- tention to the organization of the 1st Army. At the recently established headquarters of the lst Army at La Ferte-sous-Jouarre, arrangements had been completed to include in our 1st Army the 1st and 3d Corps, com- posed of American divisions then on the battlefield. The transfer of com- mand from the French to the Ameri- cans was to have occurred August 10. The rapidly changing situation in the sallent had, however, already made this step inadvisable. When it was first proposed the battle was in prog- ress, but by August 6 the lines had be- come somewhat stabilized along the Vesle River, and it was evident that further operations on this front would be limited for the time being. August 8 the Prench and British armies had combined, under command of shal Halg, in a drive against the German lines between Montdidier and Albert. The attack came as a sur- prise to the Germans and was the be- ginning of a splendid success. By the end of the first day an advance of more than six miles had been attained. The time appeared propitious for ac- tivity farther east. Foch Agrees to Transfer. As the American Army was now an accomplished fact, it seemed advisable to begin preparations immediately to carry out the plan of campaign adopted July 24, providing for a dis. THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, tinctive American operation lgllnst! the St. Mihiel salient. I motored to Sarcus August 9, and after discussing with Marshal Foch the changed situation in the Marne sector and the practical stabilization of the front on the Vesle, I suggested the transfer of the 1st Army head- quarters to the St. Mihiel region, where it could begin immediate preparations for the ‘Emposed offensive. e con= sidered the outline of my plans, and without hesitation Marshal Foch acquiesced in the transfer. Returning to Paris the same after- noon I went to Provins to talk the matter over further with Gen. Petain. ‘We took stock of available divisions for the St. Mihiel operation, and he said I could count on him definitely to do everything in his power to furnish whatever we might require. Having thus reached a general under- standing regarding the preliminary de- tails of the move, and after spending the night at the quarters of Maj. Clark, chief of our mission, I drove the fol- lowing morning to La Ferte-sous- Jouarre to take formal command of the 1st Army and to give instructions to my staff regarding the movement of headquarters to Neufchateau. King George Decorates Pershing. My days, from the time of my ar- rival in France, had always been too | short, but it now seemed that several days of arduous work had to be crowded into one. The sphere of our activities had become extended and many m-‘ portant matters required my personal | attention dlmost at the same time, | necessitating a great deal of strenuous | travel. After the hurried trip to the principal installations of the Services of Supply it was necessary to spend a day or so here or there—at Paris, Chaumont, on the Marne or in the St. Mihiel region—holding frequent per- sonal conferences with Foch, Petain, Haig and others. My diary notes the following: “Chaumont, Tuesday, August 13, 1918. Came through Paris Sunday and telephoned chief of staff to announce formation of lst Army. Went to 33d Division, which was still engaged in | British offensive. “King George visited the division headquarters onday and decorated Gen. Bliss and me and several men of | the 33d. Went to see Field Marshal Haig to arrange release of three of our divisions. Returned to Paris and saw Winston Churchill, Lord Weir | and Stettinius about artillery and avia- tion. British can provide us with ad- ditional artillery. “Told Clemenceau this morning of my talk with Sir Douglas, and asked Mott to advise Marshal Foch. Have | asked for Hugh 8. Gibson, now in Paris, to supervise propaganda in enemy | countries. Returned to Chaumont in afternoon.” Gibson Request Rejected. The request for Mr. Gibson's serv- ices was disapproved, as the depart- ment did not think it wise that Mr. Gibson, who was in the diplomatic | service, should be associated with that work, ‘as the State Department had been’ disassoclated from it and the re- | sponsibility for propaganda had_been | ed upon the Committee on Public | Information. | The 33d Division (Bel) was still | with the British when the combined | attack of the British 4th and the French 1st Armies in the Montdidier- Albert sector began August 8. The di- | vision was in front line training with the British 4th Army and was at- | tached to the British 3d Corps for | the operation, the 13ist Regiment of Infantry being assigned to the British 58th Division. This regiment joined in the attack August 9 against the Mor- lancourt-Chipilly spur mnorth of the Somme. It reached its objectives in | splendid fashion and occupled & line on the western edge of Gressaire Wood, | extending southward along the river, | August 10 it continued to progress against decided opposition, gaining the | eastern edge of the forests of Fosse | and Marcon. During the following three days, the command having been | shifted, the 131st Infantry, under the Australian 4th Division, attained a line just west of Bray-sur-Somme. The | three other regiments were in reserve during the operations. The 131st In- | | fantry was relieved August 20, having | | advanced over three miles and suffered | heavy casualties. | I motored to the British front Sun- | 8. 3 Bait Lake City. 8an Antono...’ 30, 8an Diego, Calif 30 Breloudy | | * Pticloudy | FOREIGN. €1 a.m., Greenwich time, today Stations. Louden, England Paris, Prance Beriin, Germany. . Brest.' Prance. ar 58 Clear ieh’ time, todat 58 y.) 8 v Rain obséivetions. 60 Part cloudy OF SILE —and we can have a Silent Automatic . moet ofl burner . . . and operating in your heating plai You'll be surprised at the low cost of Silent Automatic, and its economy will be a constant satisfaction. Just ask us to tell you more about it. SILENT AUTOMATIC CORPORATION 1218-1220 New York Avenue Phone National 2014-5 HEATING TROUBLES in & few hours ~why deloy UST a few hours—before the house has had time to chill . the world's fore- installed nt. WASHINGTON JTOMATIC Gen. Pershing receiving from President Peincare the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor, France'’s most prized decoration. day to be present at 33d Division head- quarters, near Molliens-aux-Bois, on the occasion of the visit of King George, who was then visiting his armies. Gen. Bliss had preceded me and we both spent the night there. That evening Gen. Bell, relating the details of the participation of his troops with the British, said their services had been urgently requested Inldl that they had acquitted themselves well, King George Arrives. The King arrived August 12, to pre- sent_decorations to selected men of the 33d Division who had participated in_the recent attacks of the British Army. Soon after his arrival the King invited Gen. Bliss and me to his room, where he presented me with the Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath and bestowed the Order of St. Michael and St. George on Gen. Bliss. The presen- tations were informal, as the King simply handed the decorations to us in turn, at the same time expressing his appreciation of American assist- ance. His majesty, speaking of the employ- ment of the American troops, said he | was anxious to have as many as pos- sible serve with the British Army, that | their presence had an excellent effect in stimulating the morale of his men, USE and that although the British troops had never lost spirit they had been very sorely tried. He remarked that he was not a poll- tician and did not see things from the politiclen's point of view, but he thought it would be advantageous to have some Americans serving with his armies. He suggested that they might be brought in through the port of Dunkirk, which could be placed at our disposal. His Majesty spoke of the friendly sentiments he held for America and of how much it would mean after the war to be able to say that the two English- speaking races had fought side by side mlmu great ltruzugle. & ot expressed entire agreemen friendly relations ought to be stronger after the war, but explained that we were now forming an army of our own and would require practically all our troops as soon as they could be as- sembled. The King said he appreciated that but hoped some divisions might continue with the British. At the con- clusion of our brief conversation we ac- companied the King to the place where the men were assembled for the cere- mony. He was gracious in his compli- ments as he pinned the decorations on our men, and the recipients were ex- tremely proud. As soon as the King departed I left Minute Service Fuel Oil Clean, Economical and Safe LOUGHBOROUGH OIL COMPANY 1705 L Street N.W. Telephone: Wisconsin 3360 Metered Fuel Oil Our Trucks are Equipped With Meters—Approved and Sealed by the D. C. Bureau of Weights and Measures SEE WHAT YOU ARE GETTING— Pay Accordingly JOHN P. AGNEW & CO., Inc. 728 14th St. N.W. Phone NAtional 3068 TUESDAY, MARCH 10, 1931. % TR g sible to leave our troops here and there among the allles any longer, as their services would be required with our own armies. In reply, Marshal Haig siid he had understood that the American di- visions had been sent there to be trained and to serve on the British front, and that now, just as they had it was p l:: disappointed to have Transfer Disappointing. I reminded him of our agreement ! that these troops were at all times to be under my orders, and that while they Bad been placed behind his armies for training, yet they were to be used in baitle only to meet an emergency. I emphasized the fact that we were all fighting a common enemy and that in my opinion the best way to help to- ward victory was for the Americans to fight under their own flag and their own officers. I could well understand the fleld marshal’s feelings. His armies had suf- fered very heavy casualtfes, were worn Maid Willed Grave - Beside Mistress if She Remains Single By the Associated Press. CHICAGO, _March Martha Youngsborg shuns she will inherit a grave that of her late mistress, if she 80_desires, The provision was made in the will of Mrs. Frances M. Barrett, in whose home Miss Youngsborg served as a maid, and stipulated that if she does mot marry she 10.—It etery. In addition she left the maid & life income of $150 a month, keen young Americans transferred to another fleld of action. I gave Marshal Haig my assurance that his desire was fully appreciated and that I regretted the necessity which impelled me to make this request just at this moment, but in accordance with our agreement I must insist on having them. He acknowledged the under- standing and said that although he needed our troops he realized my po= sition and my reasons for their with- drawal. He then said, in his frank, straightforward wa; “Pershing, of course you shall have them: there can never be any differ- ence between us.” Leaving British headquarters with the matter satisfactorily arranged, I felt that Marshal Foch would be much relieved that his intervention would not be required. ‘Tomorrow: Pershing again finds oc- casion to criticize General Staff at| home, (Copyright. 1931, in all countries by the North American Newspaper Alliance. World Tights reserved, including the Scandinavian. Reproduction in whole of in part pro- ed). PRINCE VISITS BREST BREST, France, March 10 ()— Prince Takamatsu, brother of the Jap- anese Emperor, today paid a visit to the Naval Academy, the Brest Arsenal and the new cruiser Colbert, accom- t | panied by French authorities. the tide had turned and the offensive was to be resumed, it could not have been otherwise than disappointing to have our large divisions of vigorous, ‘The prince and his princess will be given an official banquet and a gala reception by the maritime prefecture this evening. POLICE IN NEW YORK WORK WITHOUT PAY /8,000 Bluecoats on Extra | Duty—Only Three Slayings | Mar Week End. | NEW YORK, March 10.—The big |town's big parade against crime is moving. Commissioner Mulrooney is giving New York's unifommed police a tough time in the mos§ @pectacylar move the de ent has made in ‘years against killings and racketeering—and making the cops like it. They like it so much, the commis- sloner said last night, that, after an all but crimeless week end, thousands of them declared they would go on extra duty Saturday nights and Sunday nights hereafter without pay as their | bit in cleaning up the town. Ordered on Duty, ‘The swift move against crime was made a week ago, when the big chief ordered more than 8,000 bluecoats on extra week end duty. It was his master stroke, dealt after citizens had begun to talk about organizing vigilantes to stamp out the ruthless killings which !m:! months had been at week ends. Hundreds of the policemen who went on extra duty Saturday night even used their own automobiles. ey asked no pay for self or car. Only Three Killings. They liked the looks of the police blotters, which recorded only three slayings where formerly had appeared from six to eight during the "llnpmflrl" of Saturday night and early Sunday mornings. Hold-ups also.were down to minimum. . How long the officers work and whether they use their automobiles or not is their own business, Commissioner Mulrooney sald. The patrol system is Wummrm & permanent feature of police —_— ‘The Central Electricity Board of Ire- land has announced that it will $10,000,000 for extensions of pom'm and other improvements. This MUST be UNQUESTIONABLY ++ « OIL HEAT is the best form of modern home heat- . ing, the question to decide is which Oil Burner should you decide to buy. “ABC’s” overwhelming popularity is a fact one cannot overlook when considering OIL HEATING. plicity, A B C economy . . . for basic patents pro- tect A B C and you. ‘@ 13 “For AB Same:. act St TSR a 3 it Crepomme™y g € ie ¥ ighty” * ° i 8 HOMES necessity as has surplus has. THE burner OUR b ! Serolcs, BY! are heated econom[ca/fi/ by ABC OIL BURNERS A B C is the original . . . the first home rotary oil burner. There are other rotary burners, for imita- tion is the price of success. 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