Evening Star Newspaper, March 9, 1931, Page 8

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THE EVENING STAR With Sundsy Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY.........March 9, 1831 THEODORE W, NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Ne per Company P anig Al = lon, nd. Rate by Carrler Within the City. ¥ .4 : 486 per month "60¢ per month T8 per month ¢ A erid ‘of ‘ench month. t in by mail or telephone Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. H:rylnul and Virginia, o ., 8% 3 s exclusively eptitled all pews dis- Otherwise cred- nd also the local new: I rights of publication o erein are also reserved. ted r publication, of Ao Pres it r Our Policy Toward Russia. ‘There is high significance in the an- nouncement, made apparently on State Department authority, that Secretary Stimson is about to undertake a review of our policy toward Russia, with a view to possible change. The attitude of non-recognition, the keystone of that policy, was initiated by the Wilson ad- ministration, following the usurpation of power at Moscow by the Communists, and consistently maintained throughout succeeding administrations to this hour. 1f there is to be a departure from this policy the change will have to originate in Moscow. The Soviet government has long been aware of the terms on which any alteration in the United States’ position must be based. As clearly enunciated by Secretary Hughes nearly ten years ago, our position rests upon three cardinal principles—the cessation of Communist propaganda in this coun- try, restoration of American property confiscated by the Soviet republics and the recognition of repudiated interna- tional obligations. ‘The one of these three principles upon ‘which there can be no compromise, in case of “change” in American policy, is the cessation of propaganda demand. Even should Moscow assent to that con- dition, the experience of other countries which gave Russia diplomatic recogni- tion would impel the United States to weigh cautiously the worth of any such covenant on the Communists’ part. It has not been an experience which fires the American Government and people with enthusiastic confidence that the Bolshevists would live up to it any more faithfully than they did in Great Britain, for example. The propaganda tpots of the Soviet leopard are indelible and not given to change. Presumably the hand of American big business is behind the implication in the State Department announcement that change in our Russian policy may be imminent. Exporting interests, which bave built up a valuable trade with the Woviet—a volume far in excess of any- thing known in czarist days—have long clamored at Washington for recognition of Moscow. They have as sealously opposed American embargoes on the products of Russian forced labor, just as domestic convict-made wares are taboo in our home market, The annual $150,~ 000,000-0dd export of American raw materials and manufactures to Russia has been .developed despite non-recog- nition of the Communist regime. Moscow notorfously has bought ex- tensively in the United States in the hope that “dollar-chasing Uncle Sam,” as Europe is still fond of depicting us, could be cajoled by considerations of ‘business into giving the Bolshevist gov- emnment the recognition it so ardently craves. Only yesterday, at the opening session of All-Union Soviet Congress at Moscow, Premier Molotoff, Stalin's creature, divested himself of & charac- teristically violent attack on the United States and other “capitalistic” coun- tries at which the Communists aim their “world revolution.” Before his tirade was over, M. Molot- off, with brazen candor, reminded America that “the imports of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics depend upon her exports.” There could hardly be a more truculent or transparent bid for a “change” in our Russian policy. Nor could there be & more vivid confirma- tion of the soundness of a statement by President Coolidge, at a time when Russia was making one of her periodi- cal drives for recognition. “We do not intend,” said Mr. Coolidge, “to barter fundamental American principles for commercial advantage.” —————— Maryland Democrats may feel that Mr. Raskob and Al Smith have not gone as far as they might in courte- ous acknowledgment of the fact that their views on prohibition indorse those which Gov. Ritchie has earnestly and eloquently expressed for years. —atee A policeman’s lot is not a happy one in cases that compel & New York officer of the law to notify some old personal friend and political patron that he is expected to report for in- vestigation. ———— French Phones as Profit-Makers, Pigures are presented to the Public Utllities Commission by the telephone company to show why the corporation cannot, without undue loss of revenue, supply to subscribers without extra charge the newer styles of equipment, known generally as “French phones.” The “dumb-bell type” of combined re- ceiver and transmitter, introduced a few years ago, has become increasingly popular. It is now installed by the company for an additional charge of twenty-five cents a month. The sugges- tion was made recently that this addi- tlonal charge should be eliminated. The At twenty-five cents a month the com- [amendment to cohvince me that fuu' pany pays for the difference in cost in seventeen months, with nineteen cents over, After that the additional charge for the new type of phone nets the company just three dollars a year for each instrument. In five years the company will make a profit of $10.94 upon the additional cost of the French phone. With 150,000 of the new phones in use out of 168,480, which is the present number in service, the five-year profit would be about $1,641,000. If the extra charge per month is to cover the extra cost of the improved equipment, and only that, it should be maintained only for the period neces- sary to make up the difference between the two purchase rates. Or else it should be reduced considerably to make the period of repayment longer. At ten cents a month, or $1.20 a year, the higher cost of the instrument would be regained in about forty-seven months, or, considering interest, in approximate- ly four years. Which is not an unrea- sonable length of time to pay for capital equipment. Perhaps the additional figures re- quested by the Public Utilities Commis- sion on this subject will relate to the problem that may be thus stated: Is the additional or charge to be regarded as a mere reim- bursement or as the basis of a heavy additional net revenue for the corpora- tion? At the twenty-five-cent rate of extra charge the company is finding the new equipment a rich source of profits within a short time after the new installation. La Guardia and Raskob. If the Democrats have their Raskob, the Republicans have their La Guardia. The flery Representative from New York City has issued a statement urging 2 call of the Republican National Com- mittee to discuss the prohibition issue. Mr. Raskob, chairman of the Natlonal Committee of the Democratic party, was able to bring about a meeting of his committee by the simple expedient of issuing & call and letting it become known that it was proposed to discuss party policles at the meeting. Mr. La Guardia has not & chance of bringing about a gathering of the Republican clans to discuss prohibition, or any other policy. Not while Senator S8imeon D. Fess of Ohio continues to be chair- man of the Republican National Com- mittee. Mr. Fess is as dry as Mr. La Guardia and Mr. Raskob are wet. He does not intend to stir up the prohibi- tion issue in the Republican party at this time. Indeed, the Republican leaders today are rather well satisfied over the ruction that Raskob's recent meeting of the Democratic National Committee has developed anew among the Democrats. Robert H. Lucas, the executive direc- tor of the Republican National Com- mittee, does not believe that the G. O. P. committee should undertake to for- mulate policles for the party any way. In this he takes his stand along with those Democrats who insist that Mr. Raskob is all wrong in seeking to have s National Committee have the right and the duty of recommending policies to the National Convention. If Mr. Lucas and Senator Fess have their way no meeting of the Republican National Committee is likely to be held until next Winter, when the committee is expected to meet, probably in Wash- ington, to select a city for the National Convention in 1932, Despite the fact that Senator Fess is anxious to be relieved of the job of national chair- man, it Jooks now as though he would continue in that office for some time to come. The Republicans have Congress off their hands, so to speak. They are anxious to give the country a political rest and let industry get down to the business of providing jobs for all the voters in the next election. e Mr. La Guardia in his statement calling for a meeting of the Republi- can National Committee to discuss pro- hibition has but one thought in mind— to prevail upon the committee and the party to assume a favorable attitude toward the wet cause. He is predicting that the nomination of a dry Republi- can on a dry platform next year will mean the loss of the country to the G. O. P. He insisted that the nomina- tion of a dry for President would see New York, New Jersey and a half dozen other States go Democratic. The Re- publican leaders, however, are not pre- pared to lose the Middle West and the ‘West, nor are they prepared to affront a large part of the Republicans in States of the North and East who are still strongly committed to the dry cause. They have ridden along suc- cessfully in the last two or three na- tional campaigns, declaring for law en- forcement, They may be driven into & different course next year, but it does not seem probable. ————— Photographs of Democratic national committeemen usually show them smil- ing. The perfection of the camera requires & public man to measure his facial expression as well as to weigh his words. Mr. Justice Holmes. “I used to say when I was young,” Mr. Justice Holmes once wrote, “that truth is the majority vote of that na- tion that can lick all others.” One cannot say in what degree age has modified that opinion. But since his youth Justice Holmes has spent a good many years in fighting to uphold the truth, without bothering himself a great deal as to whether the truth is what he, personally, would like it to be. With- out crusading he has championed the crusade of the majority, whenever that majority has formed an opinion and expressed it in law, “unless it can be sald that a rational and fair man nec- essarily would admit” that the law in question “would infringe the funda- mental principles as they have been understood by the traditions of our people and our law.” “Whether in the long run it is wise for the workingmen to enact legislation of this sort is not my concern, but I am strongly of opinion that there is nothing in the Constitution of the United States to prevent it.” “But I of Congress alone and that this eourt dinary desk phone type now generally | always had disavowed the right to in- n use costs the company $4.99, whereas | trude its judgment upon questions of | il homicide,seemed like a game the “French phone” costs $9.05, policy or morals. It is mot for this latter figures suggest another | court to pronounce when prohibition is 1t ever may be THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, THIS AND THAT are no differences between men and women, or that legislation cannot take those differences into account.” “The criterion of constitutionality is not whether we belleve the law to be for the public good.” “I should have my doubts, as I have them about this statute —but they would be whether the bill that has to be paid for every gain, although hidden as interstitial detri- ment, was not greater than the gain was worth: a matter that it is not for me to decide.” “I think I appreciate the objection to the law, but it appears to me to present a question upon which men reasonably might differ and there- fore I am unable to say that the Con- stitution of the United States prevents the experiment from being tried.” “Lotteries were thought useful adjuncts of the State a century or so ago; now they are believed to be immoral and they have been stopped. Wine has been thought good for man from the time of the Apostles until recent years. But when public opinion changed it did not need the eighteenth amendment, not- withstanding the fourteenth, to enable a State to say that the business should end. What has happened to lotteries and wine might happen to theaters in improved equipment | some moral storm of the future, not because theaters were devoted to a public use, but because people had come to think that way.” “All 1ife is an experiment,” and Jus- tice Holmes has belleved in permitting the experiment to proceed in the be- lief that “certitude is not the test of certainty. We have been cocksure of many things that were not true.” “Life,” he has said, “is an end in itself, and the only question as to whether it is worth living is whether you have had enough of it.” At ninety, looking backward as he is forced to do on such occasions as birthday anniversaries when everybody insists on reminding him of the event, life must seem to have been exceed- ingly worth while. He has never shown any signs of having had enough of it, one of many things for which his country should be thankful, o SR, Lecturing comes easy to Smedley Butler. He may not be able to utilize some of the topics with which his fame is associated at present, for conditions often shift rapidly and leave matters of immediate interest on the shelves of reministence. But the gallant Ma- rine may be reMed on to keep in touch with current everits and demonstrate sufficient versatility to give audiences their money’s worth. Four daughters have been awarded by Heavenly authority to the Empress of Japan. Recognition of women in political authority has not progressed | in. the Far East. But one of these four daughters may, in the course of further change such as Japan has experienced, add to the luster of statecraft and literature by attaining a position ranking her in history with Queen Elizabeth. ————— In considering the desirability of trading with Russla many American statesmen remember that “there are tricks in all trades” and fear that Soviet Russia knows entirely too many of them. —————— It is frequently heard that aviation is only “in its infancy.” An infant that can go more than 300 miles an hour makes a familiar form of meta- phorical expression appear rather inept. ———— SHOOTING STARS. 'BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Thoughts of Long Ago. We laughed about the telephone. Electric lights might do For sclentific work made known To the enlightened few. An auto run by gasoline Made a derided show. Alrplanes in dreams alone were seen— But that was long ago. We thought Sir Issac Newton knew Why sters sped on through space. To ancient patriots were due A thought of reverent grace, And good old T:xas once believed Strong drink made babies grow. Alas, how we have been deceived By thoughts of long ago! Preliminary Practice. “It appears that you have become involved in some conspicuous party dis- agreements,” sald the friend. “Don't let that fact worry you,” re- joined Senator Sorghum. “What you're hearing about is merely some team practice work to make sure that we'll all be fit when the time comes to get together for the big argument with the political enemy.” Jud Tunkins says a farmer just now looks at rough weather as something like the medicine his mother used to give him. It is not pleasant, but it may prove his salvation. Plays and Politicians. 1f Shakespeare could be here once more To write again just as of yore, When we proceed to advertise A stage that morals supervise, He'd pause, ere offering many a play, To ask: “What will the censors say? T must hook up my gerius fine ‘With some one with more power than mine. T'll need, for my poetic tricks, A certain pull in politics.” The Age of Mysteries. “Crimson Guich is now & metropolis.” “It’s all of that,” sighed Cactus Joe. “Don’t you enjoy the improvements?” “Not altogether. When anybody gets killed now, the affair becomes a dark and suspicious transaction. In the old days when a person was removed, the sheriff like as not approved of the trans- action as being for the good of the community.” “There is a pleasure in undertaking to reform our fellow mortals,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown. “In con- BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Several correspondents have ap- lx;mhed us with the following ques- n: ‘What is the best way to handle dogs? The best way to handle a dog, if it is a strange one, is with gloves, a club or # very loud voice. Personally, we prefer the last. Suj you are walking along a country lane, minding your own busi- | CA! ness, at peace with the world and hop- ing the surroun world is at peace with you. You are listening to the early call of th_u al, t of birds in these parts. " ‘The air is balmy for this timé of the ear; there is more life, as you ug.m it, and the first of the flowers have managed to poke their greenest noses through the drz s(‘rlL‘l % Suddenly a great, rough, burly form bursts through the shrubi to your right. It is honest Fido, descending upon you with fire ‘in his eye ant something suspiciously resembling foam on his lips. “Nice doggie,” you say in a mild, scared voice. “Woof, woof, woof!” barks Fido, ca- vorting in circles, each time a little nearer. Obviously he is having such sport that you dislike attempting to dissuade him from it. But his insistence angers gmm He is a fool dog: no doubt he takes you for a tramp or something. Some dogs. like some people, are fools. | ot Once having got into thelr heads that they must g\auli(tl fil:lr mllllm'; property, they guard it against all an mn’dry, without the slightest ¢iscrimi- nation. . ‘Thus arose the favorite police maxim, that a little dog in ‘the house is better than a big one outside. Police know that big dogs on the outside have a tendency to indulge in too much in- vestigation. This gives thieves and other culprits a chance to plant a long knife between their ribs, to throw blankets cver their heads, and in other ways to put them out of the runming. e The little dog in the house, on the other hand, sets up a terrific yapping at the slightest stir outside, thus scar- ing both the householder and the in- truder. No doubt the latter is frightened the most, because he knows that he cannot get at the do% to silence it. without running into the master of the house, whom he pictures waiting for him in the dark with a big .45 in each hand. Regardless of the truth of this latter picture, the safe position of the inside dog is undisputed. There he can bark his head off in security, whereas if he were outdoors, no matter if he were as large as a Newfoundland, ke could be lured away with a succulent chop, or maybe a piece of candy. * Kok K But to get back to our dog of the sidewalk, along which our correspond- ing reader is going. He becomes peeved at the insistence of the creature in barking at him. Almost it becomes a downr'ght per- sonal matter between him and the he asks, in a firmer The boy barks all the louder, as if to say, “Nothing is the matter with me, you mutt, but what is the matter with you?” Nt:e)\v. vx;nne of ulllhl:es to be called a mutt. We suspect that not even likes that epithet. o m'vfil‘h it's the - “What's matter with you, boy?” o e We become justly t. “Shut up that m’”"fi“. in still louder tones. Fido comes menacingly nearer, “Woof, woof, woof!” he shouts, each woof louder than the one preceding it. * % % x ‘The time has come for our trump rd. “Go home!” we adjure him in our very firmest tones. “Go home!” Meaningly we point to the west. Maybe he lives east, but we t the other way in hopes that he run as far as possible. This time we seem to have made some impression on him. He has stopped running, now, and stands glaring at us, of an evident half mind to disobey, half a mind to go home. ‘Go home!” we repeat, flushed with triumph. he starts up, “Woof, woof, woofl” d | beginning to run violently again. R not to the west. runs directly south, at which point of the compass we move slowly east. By this time we are longing for a club. But that, we realize, would be silly, for we have never hit a dog in our life, thinking too much of him. If we had on a pair of horsehide gloves, we might give him a few deft slaps, but slapping witn the bare hand, in view of his splendid teeth, is hazard- us. We decide to ignore him. Yes, that will be best. We will ignore him, and thus let him know that he does not, after all, own this thorough- fare. “Woof, woof!” he flings after us, in derision. Loftily we refuse to answer. It wouldn't do any good, anyway. Argu- ment is wasted on some dogs. P Serjously speaking, the best way to handle dogs is to show no fear of them. This is sometimes a difficult precept to follow, especially with these large fellows that sidle up to and smell iously at the rim of your hand. ‘haps there is not one person out of ten, even those who know and But He Yet this action should be avolded, for it gives the fll-bred and untrained dog, of which the e the feeling ;u:,mmmungthehlndwnflke On the other hand, never attempt to pet a strange dog. There are signs to this effect put up at bench shows, but there will be none on the huge police which darts down the steps at you. bly the best way to handle such dogs is to march steadily forward, without looking to left or right, firm MONDAY, MARCH 9, 1931, The Po itical Mill ittee arrived and also de. the not without kicking up a_ good d of political dust. The “Progressives” are to be here Wednes- day and Thursday to frame a program of legislation for which they will fight in the next Congress. It is to be a bi- isan, or rather a tri-partisan, con- erence, including representatives of the Republican, Democratic and Farmer- parties. The Progressives are not likely to tackle the prohibition issue, although it would be refreshing if they did, and perhaps quite as exci a8 the un‘nemocnw.‘g: National mm meeting. you are a ve, however, nothing as banal and antiquatd as prohibition n & premier place on a program. s conference is to deal with sterner stuff. It takes up un- employment, water power and the public utilities and a “return to constitutional goverrment.” Wiser than their Demo- cratic friends, the Progressives are un- likely to tackle anything like prohibition over which there would surely be a division, for example with Wheeler of Montana and Blaine of Wisconsin taking the opposition to national prohibition and Norris of Nebraska and Borah of Idaho demanding a retention of the dry laws. * k% x ‘The Pro ive group intends, if it can, to make the most of the fact that it holds the balance of power in the next Congress. It will hold this bal- ance of power not only in the Senate, as it did in the last Congress, but also in the House. In view of the hatred of the Progressive for President Hoover there is to be an attempt to line the Democrats up in the House and in the Senate firmly for the Pro- gressive program for which, it may be expected, President Hoover will have little use. Some of the Progressives were disgusted because the Democrats in the Senate at the session just closed preferred to get something done in the way of legislation and did not play the Progressive game, which looked to the blocking of important measures and the forcing of a special session. But no less were some of the regular Dem- Snd the "Giiciem of e ‘Dommeseas ang e of the Democratic leaders] hip voiced by Progressives in the oy LT X L e of - ocrats have about reached the econclu- slon, held by regular Republicans for some time, that the Progressive outfit has one purpose particularly in mind— to stir up trouble. With a general elec- tion coming on, the Democrats may de- sire to stir up trouble for the Republi- can administration, but they teel it necessary also to take constructive position on important matters, since if they do not, they may lose caste with the' general voting public. therefore, the in the hope that the big fellow will use | § his good canine common sense and let you go about your business unmolested. In nine hundred and ninety-nine cases out of a thousand he and you do. In the home handlin dogs, as on the street, there is seldom need to strike one. A folded n per, held at the tail end of the animal, and hacked vigorously against the hand, will riw the dog all the benefit of cor- g_on punishment without the hurt. his method is used by some of the most successful breeders. This action must be accompanied by & firm command or admonition. Always use this tone for command or admo- nition, and never use it at any other e, WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. “Alec” Legge will not go down in Hooverian history as a success at Wash- ington. He did not fit into the picture, and never tried to. The ways of the Capital are not his ways, and from the outset of his stormy career as Farm Board chairman he exhibited a snorting contempt for them. Legge got his first taste of what Federal office means now- adays when he faced the Senate Com- mittee on Agriculture during a hearing on his confirmation. Some of the pro- fessional farm politicians were bent on showing the Chicagoan up as an ex- ploiter of the rural brethren and the incarnation of all that is evil in the “harvester trust.” Legge turned on his senatorial inquisitors like an animal at bay. “I don't want this job,” he fairly elled at them. “You can fire me right ere and now, if you don't think I'm the man for it. I don't give & d— about it, or you, or the whole business” —or words to that effect. 'Words to that effect are Alexander Legge's spe- cialty. He simply can't avoid telling people to go to h—l whenever he thinks that is their natural abode, and did so repeatedly, both at Wasbington and points West, during the past year and a half, * K x x With him to the Farm Board Legge brought that typically Scotch tempera- ment known as dour. The dictionary definition of dour is “hard, sullen, un- yielding.” That's Legge all over. If he has any humor, it's the sort Mark Twain ascribes to the British—"heavily disguised.” Legge grimly resisted the glad-handing, the back-slapping, the elbow-greasing and the applesauce which are stock in trade of all poli- ticlans and of most Washington office- holders. He dodged the social swim as if it were poison—which is exactly what Senator Borah says it is, and deadlier than any other form of lobby. Legge seldom was seen anywhere except in his rooms at the Willard and his offices at the Farm Board. He had only a hermit's circle of friends. Once in a while he relaxed long enough to turn up for a bout with the Hoover medicine ball cabinet at the White House. One of the first “new patriots” ($100,000-a- year men persuaded to serve Uncle Sam at $10,000 or $12,000) tv enter the en- gineering administration, Legge concen- trated slavishly on his job. He ran it to the exclusion of any and all consid- erations whatsoever, ‘save those which he thought applied tp it. He took the Job on that strict understanding. ki . To a man up a tree it always seemed strange that Chairman Legge never hit it off with theh hrmu;s m 1(-1;? politicians. To help agricul elp it- self—the Alpha and Omega of the new marketing act—was his all-dominating pol! He used to like to put it this way: “Everybody else connected with farming has hitherto got his except the farmers. I'm out to see that the farm- ers get theirs.” Legge's feud with the commission trade, the middlemen of agriculture, was in line with his deter- mination to break what he looketl upon as the stranglehold they had too long d. Yet if a great and solemn referendum could be held, the stro probabllity is that agriculture woul vote Legge's retirement from the Farm Board as a good riddance. Undoubtedly his cross was m&clrcum'ilnmoe %flh“ he took office on edge of e depres- slon. As the result of what followed, he did a lot of things—like plunging into the wheat market for ~ pus on a colossal scale—which un- questionably runs counter to his as it were. hing In Legi templating the faults of others, we are | ting the The Mystified Moron. He read the mystery tales which claim ‘The world’s attention, day by day, Which maybe ‘twould be fun to play! “Of course,” said Uncle Eben, “it's boss. But don't is ginter o " all do case & mortgage happens.” back there again, sel har- instead of sound ‘machinery hrmmnflmmnl to unwilling buyers. R ‘Washington's swi colony of West Poln‘u:rl, 400-0dd, will m‘:’ her for their annual dinner frolic Sat- urday evening, March 14. At the same hour all over ‘Wherever United States Army other local ‘world, & name for a soldler!) will side at the Washington festivity. e speech of the evening will be delivered by Maj. Gen. Douglas MacArthur, the new chief of staff. Maj. R. I. Sasse, foot ball coach at West Point, will talk of Army’s xfldlron glories, past and to come. of entertainment, to be hed g’y l':ne alrprwu. arranged e statuesque . D. Glassford of the gen- eral staff, who is shortly leaving the Army to devote himself to his eminent talents as a painter and decorator, * % % x One of the most authentic close-ups of business conditions in the United States will be had over at the De- %-mnent of Commerce this week, when Julius Klein, Assistant Secretary, holds a three-day conference with the Leads of the department's 40 regional offices scattered all over the country. Chambers of Commerce in many cities now maintain so-called “co-operative” offices, which work closely with the Department of Commerce. Representa~ tives of these unofficial agencies are on hand, too. One of the special treats Dr. Klein will stage for his fieldgstafl is a tour of the mammoth new de- partmental building, which will be oc- cupied some time this year. * x % % Lloyd A. Pree, son of Representative Free, Republican, of California, once ‘Western. leh School boy in Washing- ton and Phi Beta Kappa, class of 1930, at Princeton, is now a professor at “Princeton-Yenching School of Public Affairs” in Peiping (formerly Peking), China. It is one of the colleges of Yenching University. With an endow- ment of $2,000,000-0dd and a plant valued at $2,500,000, Yenching’s build- ings, in adapted Chinese style, have been compared by Princetonians with their own beautiful campus in New Jersey. Mr. Free is the first Princzton “teaching fellow” at Yenching. His theme is political science. * % % % Mrs. Michael Pym, an Englishwoman who has become an American citizen and now resides in wuh!nfwn, hi just produced a book, entitled Power of India,” in which she takes a bit of the gilt off the ideal figure of Mahatma Gandhi, which the world has fashioned for itself. Mrs. Pym recently spent two years in India, and had many opportunities of contact with Gandhi. ‘““rhe ugly, little Tolstoyan poser, self- conscious, shifty, destructive, unpleas- antly unctuous, yet imposing himself as & sort of 'saint upon thousands of mple in the West who don’t know that, made. Christanity——t ‘37."%"‘;,@""‘ t nity—a! .” ‘Those are the concluding Pym’s chapter on “The 5 . & M. Paul Claudel, Prench Ambassador at Washington, is one of the Capital's indefatigable walkers. He apparently has no other time but his daily con- stitutionals. Usually they tak: him far out north of Sixteenth street, past Wal- ter Reed, and into the adjacent Rock Creek Park country. Generally, too, he 1s by himself, and philosophical meditation preoccupies him. (Copyright. 1081.) Poets and Governors. Prom the Appleton Post-Crescent. One’ of %1; I.mex'es't‘:l :?rlg of the Winter is news that the Governor of New Mexico has ;&polnwd ‘Witter Bynner, poet, to his official staff with the rating of colonel. 80 far as we know, 8 does, | inf On the Democratic side of the Senate chamber there is a sprinkling of Pro- gressives as well as on the Republican, although the Republicans in this Pro- ive group are the more numerous. eeler of Montana, who ran in 1924 for Vice President on the Progressive ticket with the late Senator Robert M. La Pollette of Wisconsin, is prominent in the group and a Democrat. Then there are Dill of W , who would le#e to be thetDemncrau:‘ nominee ice President on a ticket with Gov. Franklin D. Progressive group. What gressive Democrats would do in the event the next national election should br} about the election of a Democratic ident and at the same the election of a Democratic House remains ‘Warren R. Austin, a Republican, of Vermont, is to be the “newest” Sena- tor. He was nominated in a special primary election last week over Senator Frank Charles Partridge. A Repub- lican nomination in Vermont is equiv- alent to election, just as surely as Democratic nomination in or Alabama. Vermont is a “one . Since the birth of the Repul lican ¥, it has consistently elected Republican Governors, Senators and Representatives, and has invariably cast its electoral vote for Republican nomi- nees for President. ce to the G. O. P. ey did not fail when the late Willlam Howard Taft was running for Presi- dent it Roosevelt and Wilson. Mr. Austin’s nomination was an upset for the old order of things, however. Sena- tor Pa: had been appointed by Gov. Weeks to fill the vacancy in the Senate temporarily. He had the sup- port for the nomination of former Gov. Redfield generally in the State. the Austin nomination will be called a “young guard” victory. What this may mean for the future cannot be foretold exactly. Austin did not adopt any planks in his platform which weuld be upsetting to the regular G. O. P.'s. He stood for prohibition, for the World Court, retention of the primary system and equal rights for women. His stand on these subjects is the same as that of Vice President Curtis and Senator c-pger of Kansas, who are as regular as lock work. It is true that the Anti- Saloon League gave Partridge a prefer- ence over Austin. But the latter nevertheless *declared himself for the strict enforcement of the eighteenth amendmen of the arguments serfously put forward by the Austin peopls was that on a roll call of the Senate, Austin would be second to an- swer, after Ashurst, the Democrat, while Partridge would not be sixty-third on the list. of Vermont be heard at the beginning of every important role call, the Austin people said. * ok ok ok ‘The Democrats in 1920 nominated “Jimmy” Cox of Ohio for. President. Cox was regarded as a “wet,” and was fought bitterly in the Democratic Na- tional Convention by the late Willlam Jennings Bryan. Four years later the then outstanding dry candidate, Wil- liam Gibbs McAdco, was turned back at the Madison Square Garden convention, and a com| candidate, John Davis, was mmlxtx-af:hd D}:"h' too, J‘ re- ded as a wel ough he made no oo a8 & wet in that campaign. Al Bmith, who on the liquor question. The chances the nomination of a dry Democrat the light of this history of the last decade do not appear bright. Further- more, it ma Proctor and of the old guard| g be that the party will go “whole hog” next year and adopt a wet plank in its platform as well as nominate a wet presidential candidate. of the wets, however, fear to adopt a definite wet policy for the party, and in the end a neutral plank on ition may be written into E i £ ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS . BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. hmmnmvhounmm any tion on any subject, are at command, your without charge to A 2-cent stamp will bring and easily understood and address The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washing- ton, D. C. Q. Why are cowboy songs often sung over the radio?—T. W. A. Cowboy songs are interesting chiefly as human documents, for the light that they throw on the conditions of frontier life, and for their reflection of the old-time cattle baron and his crew. The whole cycle of the cowbov's experience—its monotonv, its fun, its heroes, its love affalrs, its dangers and the epic of the long drives overland from Texas to Montana~-is set forth in the songs made and sung by the men themselves. Q. When did the cherry trees in ‘Washington begin to bloom last year?— F. G L. A. On the last day of March, 1939, the single blossoms were in bloom and they lasted about 10 days. The double blossoms usually come out about two weeks after the single ones. The dates depend upon weather conditions. Q. What is the record size for a pair of elk antlers?—N. W. A. The largest pair of ¢lk antlers recorded by the Government was pur- chased in Colorado Springs in 1897 for the Emperor of Germany. Their length of beam was 67 inches and there were 12 points. Seven or eight points on antlers are not unusual. Q. How much water power has been dgveloged in United States?— L. H. A. According to an official estimate of the Geol al Survey January 31, 1930, 13,807,778 horsepower had been developed in water power in the United States. The potential water power in the United States is 35,000,000,000 horsepower. Q. Is it correct to stir coffee clock- m«umwmmr—wfia . What wor “vita ) A. “Vitaphone” is a coined word de- rived from vita, meaning life, and phone, meaning sound. A. ber commemorative stamps to be issued is specified by the Post Office Department. The number is not always the same, as there is a greater demand for certain types of commemorative stamps. -y i, There is 1o legend connected called “The King's Wedding.” Q. What constitutes an educated man?—D. L. H. A. Willlam H. Danforth selected the following from “The Marks ef an Edu- : An educated man culti- ‘What is the th or con- mw%u "'l’hu:%gl&n you. | along it is never too late to learn; faith in the man he ha achieves the masteries it make world citizen, and lives a great reli- gious life, A. The method employed by Pej is called’ the Thomas Shelton Methox Q. Who the first ~executive the resolutions first three ex- ecutive departments, and a series of 12 amendments to the Constitution, out of which the first 10 were fnally adopted. . Q. Did the United States buy the land through which the Panama Canal runs?—R. J. K. A. The Hay-Bunau-Varilla treaty provides for the ranty of the ine tegrity of Panama the Slates shoud hold & trip_of Jand. 10 States shol a st of miles wide across the -Isthmus of Panama, no;oo%“uig States - 4 to pay $10,000, cash annual rental of $250,000 to the Re~ public of Panama. nounced?—F. C. B. A. It is pronounced as if spelled far-ee, with accent on the syllable. Q. What kind of a speaking voice did Gen. Grant have?—C. T. H. A. Gen. Grant had a quiet, low= pitched volce which was always well controlled. Q. When the Baltimore & Ohio Ralle road was started, did many mlm—n.'r. “When Rallroads o operation, win 13" miies Of 300,000 passengers were carried. Did Washington wear & wigt—w "A. He did not. He wore his own hafr powdered and tled back. Q. Who owns the largest tent in the world?—O. §. A. It belongs to Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Shakespeare ever see & woman A% "ls toiprabable (hat Shakespeare mruvn-mnm.mhhh day in England all the parts were played by men. . Q. In what condition was the Venus de Milo when A 1820 in its present broken state. A%, When did Pancho Villa dier—V, "A.’On July 20, 1923, the automobile in which Pancho 8 lets, and he an h?l’three were killed. Villa Mexico was m ‘companiong plorer, Bertram Thomas, came the desert alive; it is almost more as- tonishing that he should have had the chance in an age when flying machines s0 lightly skim over sandy plains, frozen seas and tundra bogs. The great days of exploration are almost over; we may congratulate ourselves on being able to share in the thrills of so splendid an exploit in the grand style. Aviation will be needed, presumably, to complete the exploration of the Dahna desert, or Ruba of Khali, which Mr. Thomas has been the first of explorers to cross.” achievement is the more remark- says the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, “for being accomplished without "the new implements bestowed on the ex- plorer by the machine fige," ‘That p: adds: “No airplane or dirigible or trac- tor 3r for Thomas—he was served by the chmel, friend of explorers lured to wander over sandy wastes since the days of M-rco Pclo.” The Baltimore Sun holds that “what Thomas found and saw in ‘the habitat of ostrich and antelope’ appears, even in scanty detail, to have been of vast interest.” That aper concludes: “That it was an ex- emely brave and useful exploit experts have already testified. But to the public it must seem more than that. Thomas has taken travel and gecgraphy, made tale and commonplace With planes, speed and exhaustive expeditions, and momentarily has restored them to their cld exciting place in the human Jove of heroism and adventure.” * K % % Quoting Dr. Gilbert Grosvenor, presi- dent of the National Gecgraphic So- clety, as saying there is doubt “whether there has been a com| ble feat since Livingstone and Stanley traversed the unknown heart of Africa,” the D-m: Daily News comments: “The Aral desert is almost the exact gornphw and population center or the Old World. Ccmmercial activities have hummed everywhere about it, bui this vast wil- derness of sand, some 600 miles across, has gons unexamined. The very cir- cumstance suggests the hazards and difficulties which confronted Mr. ‘Thomas. Several explorers had pre- viously attempted what he finally ac- plished, only to turn back and ad- mit failure. The vacant spot in the mo(mbnhh may now be filled in sym| man advance into unknown territory. The achievement gives ‘Thomas high rank in the annals of adventure.” - "!«gnpmul world particularly t with much interest Mr. aper | Arabia'—that bird iz Desert . Exploration Revives that a at salt lake 7 miles long lies in ‘the dead heart of and animal life of distinctive species and a few nomad tribes of men still hover in the vast sandy stretches, and that sea-shell fos- sils lie on the sands far inland. It is :,h(;ugl:{, “:l“ .szel:lg.ry city, ;erl!'. a ost lantis of prehistoric Arabia, may lie guned in the desert.” “He red that sands, which natives benevadmwm ghosts singing over the ruins of an ane clent city, were a natural caused by ‘wind whh{lhu like & siren_among s of sand,” emphasizes fl{w Prsi\;lde:! uuu]letlln in the course of & review explorer’s report, and the Rochester Times-Union concludes: “It is doubtful if Mr. Thomas' dis= coveries will prove of any commercial use. The ‘lost City of Urbar' may be gurely legendary among the Arabs. Still e has added to human knowledge of the world's surface, and I? his daring expolit risen to a niche safe in the ex- plorers’ hall of fame.” Naval Supply Bill Passage Is Approved From the Milwaukee Sentinel. significant of another hu- | ing program. An assured on the bulld- ‘holg need‘hltul t;bfln‘hfl '.h:i United States mewhat near stipulaf with Great Britain. St § ‘The $10,000,000 will be spent on 10 one will off' Mrs. McCormick in the destroyers of 1,500 tons each 1850 ton destroyer leader. "o

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