Evening Star Newspaper, January 23, 1931, Page 4

LBy — ‘Experiences in the World War § Gen. John J. Pershing Commander in Chief of the American Expleditionary Fcrces Dawes Is Appointed Head of Purchasing Board to | Co-ordinate Buying for| All of A. E. F. ATTERBURY CHOSEN AS RAILROAD CHIEF Commander’s Requests| Find Way Back to Hisi Desk Before Action by | General Staff. CHAPTER XIL N view of the gravity of eur tonnage situation, it was highly important that it be braught forcibly to the attention of the allies. Apr the IErmchlng interallied confer- | ence on shipping, I cabled Washington | August 28, 1917, in part, as follows: e * s'The 'British, and especially | the French, have reached absolute limit | of manro er and any augmentation | their military force cannot be expected. | hasten our organization and | Ta training, 8o that we will have the troops cenwmrllmd your project in Europe | for active service by May or June. | “Military activities of allies on land | should be strongly reinforced by com- | bined navies and destruction U-boat bases accomplished if possible. High British Army officers confidentially con- | demn waiting policy British- admi- Talty. * * * In view of gravity of shipping question recommend our Gov. ernment ist upon aggressive policy ?“combmed British and American [avies. * * Our position in this war very | that we had ordered the same things. | that & centralized agency to contr strong. * * * Allies now full recog- | nize dependence upon our co-operation and we need not hesitate demand both seive naval policy and full share | tion had some bureaus of our War De- fronted us and it Was no time to dis- commercial shipping. Recommend Amer- | partment become that it was a 1ong | cuss technicalities. 1can representative shipping conference be instructed accordingly. | Numbers of officers of all armies felt very strongly that to check the losses by “submarine the two navies should take some risk and attempt to destroy | the bases from which these boats oper- ated. It is not known whether any steps | were ever taken to convey this sugges- tion to the combined navies. Meanwhile, & study by a joint French and American commission of the ques- tion of production of powders and ex- | plosives in PFrante showed that the gum part 6f the raw materials must | imported and that, due to_the ship- | ping situation, France, in December, | would produce only about half of the | current output. It was apparent, there. fore, that to avoid calamity the United States must not only furnish powder | and explosives for all of its own forces, but must supply ts i was 80 advised. Should Look $o Future. By this arrangemerit a saving of tgl‘m:e would be effec a8 % weig] materials was -39 to times that ‘of*- finished product. As nitrates for the manufacture of powder and explosives had to be imported from Chile, the hazard to shipping would be reduced by avoiding the long haul to! 3 of dollars were ex- ded in the truction of plants a e in an atf to produce nitrates, but none had beén turned out before the end of the war. In view of these costly experiments, it would seem wise lr’llfl':: ‘%0, make some provision or S 2 Our efforts to arrange for the pro- ! fon ariots iatse ot equipmai und , us t supply and L:w use J‘tlc ities bre our reaus of the va'unmdt, nxg the be. ‘we were ly dependent. upon them ‘make up things necessary to complete our prep- arations. The failure of the French to realize the necessity of hearty co-operation be- came evident very early in our relations with them. ‘The higher authorities apparently un- derstood, and promises of assistance were readily given, but when we got down to actual defails we encountered difficulties. This criticism especially -Kpued to the granting of docking fa- cilities, the allotment of rail transpor- tation and the assignment of forests for lumber ment. One confusln{ thing was that the di- vision of authority between bureaus and departments was not clearly defined. d the¢ War Department about half the French | stafl ! Have replied that my views would al- ficiences in many | GEN. W. ‘Who had charge of rail tra; V. ATTERBURY, ortation overseas for the A. E. F. AMBASSADOR DAWES As he red in war days. to be 3,000 miles from base was often very much of & handicap. Our War Department officials could not always| urflerstand conditions as we did, and | some of them were often none too will- ing to accept our views. A few of the chiefs of supply departments seemed to bave the notion that it was their duty to negotiate our purchases abroad selves. Without notice, they frequently placed orders with the French or Brit- ish governments that duplicated those already given by my staff. and they did so even after having fuil information Faults In War Department. | So independent of control or sugges- | time before their chiefs would ccmcn!i to leave such matters to their repre- | sentatives at my headquarte’s acting under my authority. Another solirce of confusion arose, especially in the beginning, through our War Department seeking the opin- fon of allied representatives in Wash- ington on my requests. After we had made an exhaustive study and sent spe- cific recommendations to Washington it was not uncommon for the chief of the general staff or the head of a supply department to refer the matter to a| foreign representative for his views or | those of his fwernment. ‘This official | would naturally refer it back to his| home office, and it would eventually each me through French channels vith & reguest for mv opinion. Such procedure discredited my rec- ommendations and placed my entire in an embarrassing position in the eyes of the foreign gnvemmem concerned, to say nothing of the delay in complying with our requests, which in many cases were of almost vital m:hnee. ‘The following protest was to Washington, but, as will be seen later, the practice was not at once discontinued: “The Chief of Staff, Washington: “Inquiry comes from * * ¢ through French war office as to my views on this subject (organization of our unit recommended three months before). ways be sent my own superiors through | proper channels. Seems unwise that our general staff should permit such inquiries to be made, at least through a civil commissioner.’ | ‘This sort of thing also suggested to the French the idea, at least tempo- rarily, of handling our business directly | with ‘Washington. An example is re- called in connection with procurement | of horses. We had obtained from the | | French & definite promise to furnish | |us with 7,000 animals per month, be- | ginning September 1. | Seme 10 days aiter this arrangement | was made the French war office cabled | the commissioner, Andre Tardieu, who in turn transmitted it as a sort of dic- |tum to our War Department, that it | would be impossible for the French to | furnish us any horses or mules and | that our Government should begin at once to supply them, although they of- | fered to loan us 4,000 animals on the | understanding that they would be re- placed by November 1. This news was cabled to me and it was the first no- | tice we had that the French did not intend to fulfill their promise. i In view of the uncertainty of obtain- | |ing more than a limited amount of them- | t prevent rise tn prices that would add|T tore up the recommendation and es- to the financial burdens of the aliies, | tablished a purchasing board to consist who were much less able to pay than of one or more representatives of each ourselves, Besides that, quantities of | service making purchases of any sort, all kinds of supplies were limited. including the Red Cross and Y. M. C. A In an effort to reach a solution I ap-| Lieut. Col. Charles G. Daw 17th pointed a board of officers to study the | Engineers, well known as & man of large %;l:fi'-mn of purchases, and suggested | business experience, was appointed as t some agency might be created that | the head of this board, the members would supervise procurement in gen-|of which were to meet together and eral, and by co-ordinating our own and | make known thelr respective needs and allied needs check the scramble for|then agree among themselves supplies. In rather an extended discus- | where and by which department each sion the board came to the conclusion 'purchase was to be made, thus mutual- rol pur- Jy assisting instead of competing with chases would be illegal, and unanimously | each other. Under the arrangement recommended the continuance of exist- | co-operation with the French was es- ing methods. But an emergency con-|jished and the agency became increa ingly effective in handling our procure | ment activities, Studied Rall Facllities. The use of rallways for the move- ment of troops and supplies had never before attained any such proportions as in the World War and there was no service, except sea transportation, upon Some businesslike method had to be adopted to meet the situation. In other words, a remedy for an approachin chaotic condition resulting from the in dependent, uncontrolled action of th several services must be found. To m: mind, the solution seemed to be merely matter of co-ordination. Therefore | question of organization for o fadvances, and should be in which we placed greater dependence for ' advan Wfl_ flroad m A "board. of Engineers, chosen by, the ‘War Department, md"finm by Maj. Willlam Barclay Parsons, afterward colonel, 11th Engineers, went to France to liroad conditions u;’ | their investigations which fully agreed with the opinion of Col. Taylor, my chief of Engineers, and his assistants. These independent in- vestigations showed that the French railways, especially those that we planned to use, were sadly in need of physical rehabilitation. t was apparent that we could not depend entirely on the French without great risk of fallure at a critical mo- ment, and it was evident that if we ex- pected the maximum efficiency in this service we must provide our own per- sonnel, as well as additional Jocomotives and cars, all to be, as far as practicable, under American management. A separate transportation corps had never n provided in our Army—in fact, there had been no one at all whose duty specifically embraced the management of railroads. In the Quar- termaster Department a bureau issued transportation requests, routed person- nel and freight and settied the accounts, and it was the understanding that in time of war the Army Engineers would step in and take charge when rallway operaticn should become necessary. ‘With this plan in view, commendable progress had been made toward both procurement and organization by Col. Taylor, and complete estimates for roll- ing stock and construction at ports, terminals and yards, including an ac- curate survey of building and equipment requirements, had been made under his direction by Maj. W. J. Wilgus, for- merly vice president of the New York Central, aftetward a colonel, who had been a member of the Parsons Board. These estimates without change served as & permanent guide for rallway con- struction plans and material. Atterbury Gets Post. As co-ordinate with the procurement and maintenance of material and equip- ment we were confronted with the vital n and management, but we had no offietrs in the Regular scivice of sufficlent ex- | perfence in railyay managément to in- sure success. ‘Therefore, the evident course to pursue, to which the precedent of both British and French pointed the way, was to create a transportation corps immediately under the direction of some man of outstanding reputation in the railroad world. In accordance with the principle of obtaining the most competent men for important positions, the following cable was sent July 2! “Have made thorough study of rafl- road situation and am convinced that operation of railroads must be under | to | man with large experience in managing commercial railroads at home. Success- ful handling our railroad lines so im- portant that ablest men should be selected. After almost disas- trous results with inexperienced military || men running railroads British selected ablest man could find to have charge transportation. “Question here mainly one of physi- cal operation and management in initi- ate relation with French, who retain general control which is necessary to handle ordinary commercial traffic. Question of rafiroad transportation, of course, involves equipment maintenance and new construction at front as Army Advancing the Spring Season Wonderful new shoes of Genuine Watersnake! lent department, inally under engineers. chosen should be sent here without de- lay, together with three or four able as- sistants of his own selection. Later on 1t is believed these men should be given te military rank.” n , the War t rec- ommended ME. W, . AIILEY. (e lvania Raliroad, e Rl:ee, and I immediately requested that be sent to France. Tomorrow: Pershing takes issue with allles. (Copyright, 1081, in All Oountr! m*euon n Whol. or in snfl Pro- PLAN “MARKET NIGHT” i pmmatrites Mid-City Citizens’ Association to Invite Dealers to Meeting. “New Center Market night” will be held by the Mid-City Citizens’ Associa- tion at its monthly mee! At the Thom) Community Center, Twelfth and streets, Monday night at 8 o'clock. All dealers and farmers doing business at the New Center Market, at Fifth and K streets, will be invited to attend the meeting. Reports will be presented at the meet- ing by the “Schools, Legislative and Streets and Avenues Committees. A talk on the Community Chest campaign will be given by Louis Ottenberg. WILL HONOR LINCOLN Memorial exercises in honor of the birth of Abraham Lincoln will be held in the New York Avenue Presbyterian Church, February 12, under the auspices of the Republican State Committee. Edgar C. Snyder, chairman of the com- mittee, will conduct the services. Committee chairmen are: Mrs. Vir- ginia White Speel, invitations; F. A. DeGi speakers; Maj. Julius I. Pey- ser, military; Charles Waters, printing; Renah P. Camalier, decorations: Mrs. Edward A, Harriman, music, and Frank GANDHIS RELEASE DECIDED BY VICEROY Details Being Arranged to Avoid Demonstration—In In- dia Prison Ten Months. By tha Assoctated Press. NEW DELHI, India, January 28— Viceroy Lord Irwin, it was understood here today, already has made a decision | to release Mahatma Gandhi, imprisoned nationalist leader. Only the details of | his removal from Yeroda Prison, Poona, 50 as to avoid a public demonstration, | remain to be arranged. | The Mahatma was arrested last May | 4, more than a month after he had led | & group of All-India National Congress volunteers from Allahabad down to the sea at Dandhi where they manufac- tured 8alt in deflance of British law. He had hoped for arrest eatlier, be- | heving his incarceration would align | divergent elements behind him in the passive .war for independence, but for many weeks the British government ar- rested his sidss and left him alone. Police finally awakened him in the middle of the night at a camp near the | seashore and escorted him to especially gx:’p-red quarters in the Yeroda Prison, na. Many of his followers had hoped that one of the results of the round table conference fun completed at London would be release of him and other po- litical prisoners. Prime Minister Mac- Donald promired that when peace was rr::g;ted political prisoners would be 2, R Sy More than 30,000 tractors are now in country || J. Coleman, publicity, used in Argentina. The Sale That robe where it is weak—assured of buying t Every quotation is a bargain— Suits up to $85 Overcoats up to $90 Topeoats up to $75 tions will be made at cost.) Greater Reductions oti s . Mufflers Greater Reductions on Shirts Go through this list carefully and strengthen the ward- that have b.een radically reduced for clearance. Every Suit—Every Overcoat and Every Topcoat— Fashion Park and Mode makes—and every ganhe;t of, [ the present stock included—except Full Dress. (Any altera- SON FINDS MOTHER A BEATEN T0 DEAT Body Discovered Under Trap- door Two Days After Em- ployer Ended Life. By the Associated Press. ONEIDA, N. Y, January 23.—The | body of Mrs. Laura J. Manning, 48, the head crushed with a hammer and her throat slashed, was found this morning | concealed under a smalt trapdoor in the kitchen of the home of Albert E. Suits, | 63, here, by her son, Charles Manning, State trooper. The finding of the body followed by two days the suicide of Mrs. Manning's employer, Suits, in a hotel room in Rome, N. Y, on Wednesday. Suits’ throat was cut with a butcher knife. The woman's son, long in the State | police, collapsed at the sight of his mother's body. She had come from | Mount Vernon a month ago to take up | duties as housekeeper for Suits. Neighbors_had not seen the woman about the Suits house Monday after- |'noon, and after the finding of the body of Suits in Rome they communicated with the police. With his mother dead, Trooper Man- | ning later made preparation to go to | Syracuse today as one of the star wit- | nesses in the trial of Roy J. Miller, | Syracusan, ‘accused of the murder of Miss Gladys 1. Blaich in a room in the hly;fll;.avulle;nn l?n June, olice later said there could be no doubt that the case was one ol‘ murder and suicide. They revealed that one gf two lfltfiml °"ln}\lx.ml in the woman's | plouse said Su d threatened to kill her, but that she was not afraid. Saves he best—at prices Greater Reductions on Lounging EW spring shoes that will be a revelation to young women who delight in being Fashion Leaders. Perfectly stunning, high or low heel pumps, sandals and ties. Made of genuine beige or black-and-white watersnake—trimmed with black, brown, blue or green kid. These, and many of our other new spring $6.50 fashions, will hereafter be called— “DYNAMIC” Style Shoes! So outstanding has been the success of $5 to $6.50 “Dynamic” Service Shoes —we've decided to incorporgte the same features in new “Dynamic” $6.50 Style Shoes. Lighter-weight. Shown in the most extreme fashions. But made on Even after three years of war there re- | 0CeAn tonnage, it was natural that we mained considerable question between Should procure abroad as large a pro- the zone of operations and the service | POTtion of supplies as possible, and our of the rear as to.the control of muni- |SUPply departments began ai once to tions and transportation. The com-|mMmake inquiries to meet the demands mander in chief assumed to have the |fOF construction mate:dal, subsistence final volce in the allotment of artillery, |stores and engineering’ equipment. aviation and railroad rolling stock, but | Many sources of general supply had| his authority behind the zone of the |been developed by the French and we armies was not conceded by the bureaus ' 50on found ourseives not only in com- of the war office and was especially |petition with them and the British, contested as to rail transportation. In|but our different departments also be- :fig&l p{;:flu:o P; was not really vested | gan to bid against each other. aul ly beyond the material in | ; the possession of the army, but his in- (ESOSUF W echmmin ahbiote: fluence as head of the armles was such | In our Army at home it had long that his approval was usually necessary been the custom for each department to insure definite action. | to x‘;u.ke :uh own contracts, without re- | gard to others, except that the quar- Dealing With French Difficalt. | jermaster was supposed to purchase and In our dealings with French bureaus | distribute certain military stores and we had ‘to overcome many obstacles, | other things that were in common use The subordinate one might happen to by the entire Army. Our sources of | encounter at the start was usually im- |supply at home during the years of with his importance and would peace had been 50 great and the needs undertake ta make a decision, which|of the Army relatively so small that it would lead one to think the matter | had not been necessary to consider the practically settled, only to find that this | possibility of shortage. | a.:.;h}fl:m:c llxme, i any, suthority and| = In Prance, however, it was impers-| on 'was not approve tive to regulate purchases in order to the senior next above him. Then one | —e—o—r-ertc PUTCIASTS T O7der 0 would learn, after the loss of much | time, that this was not the proper | office after all. At last reaching the re- | sponsible bureau, one was likely to be | new, molded-to-foot “Dynamic” lasts. They fit marvelously—and “keep you fit.” Sizes 2 to 10, widths as narrow as AAAA. At all our women's shops. New Genuine Python "CARLTONS" Tl') enable many more women to wear “Carltons”—we shall have a new low $8.50 “Carlton™ price for Spring. And, at $8.50, we now present beautifully marked genuine Python shoes that could not possibly have been bought un- der $10.50 six months ago. See them, and bear in mind “Carl- ton” shoes for spring will be At a new Low Price $3.50, $4 and $5 Fancy Shirts; collar attached and separate collar. .$2.59 3 for $7.50 $2.50 Glenbrook broad- cloth; nonshrinkable; col- lar attached and neckband. White and colors 3 for $4.75 Imported Southampton broadcloth; white only; collar attached and neckband RETRRTE .2 3 for $8.50 $2, $250 and $3 fancy shirts; collar attached and separate collar to 3 for $4.50 lin shirts; collar attache white and plain shades .. High-grade Dundee Pos- H $1.%9 3 for $5.50 Daffodil radium silk shirts; plain shades, sepa- rate collar and collar at- tached .95 Greater Reductions on Neckwear Silk, Cashmere, Etc. $2 and $2.50 grades..$].19 $3, $3.50 to $5 grades $2.39 $6 to $8 grades..... $395 Greater - Reductions on Pajamas Included _are importa- tions from Welsh-Marget- son of London. $2 and $2.50 grades..$]1.59 3 for $4.50 $3. grades $5, grades ..oo.inigees 3 for 950 Greater Reductions on Hosiery Silk and lisle, silk and wool, fancy lisle, etc. -59¢ 75¢c and $1 3 for $1.65 $1.50, $2 and $2.50....5}.29 3 for $3.75 $3, $3.50 and $4....5229 Robes $5 to $9 Blanket, Terry, etc. . .8, $10 and $12 all-wool Flannels $15 and $16.50 Brocades and Flannels ..... ...59.98 $20 and $25 Silk-lined Brocades 1395 $35, $40 and $50_ Silk- lined Robes. ... ....$2498 Greater Reductions on Underwear $1 and $1.50 Mode ma- dras athletic union suits . 79 2 for $2.28 $1 Celanese Shorts...§9g 3 for $1.50 $1 and $150 Medium- weight pull-over Athletie Undershirts. Size 40 U] 3 for $1.00 $2.50 Celanese Athletic Union Suits, sizes 38 and 40 only..........$].19 3 for $3.00 Greater Reductions on Fancy Vests $10 Linen Street Vests, told that the thing eouldn’t be done, | no reason being apparent except that it never had been done. | 8o, frequently throughout the war, it | ‘was necessary for me to make a per-| sonal -;ze-l to the minister concerned | that orders be given for supplies or services ‘already promised and which, therefore, we had every reason to ex- | pect should be furnished. Although our own departments at home are consid- ered rather adept in the use of red‘ tape, yet, to use an apt though inele. gant comparison, the art of tying things up in official routine is in swaddling clothes in America as compared to France. After & few contacts with the Prench ! he finally issued it always made the It is not necessary to have had an Ac- count at this Bank to Borrow. Easy to Pay is charge t feel that he was being espe- under ! While ;fi;‘:ffl."‘:fl $8.50, $10.50 & $12.50 Saturday Savings on Juvenile Footwear Sale of Misses’ “Hahn Spe- cial” and other good school and dress oxfords, sports ox- fords and pumps. In best of leathers and at- 52.65 tractive styles Sale Junior Women's Smart nt Leather Dress Pumps —sizes 212 to 7. And Boys’ Extra-Value, Black Grain and Calfskin _Oxfords; sizes 1 to 6. Excellent $2.95 $4 values ....... The Best 95¢ Silk Hose You Ever Bought S our “Lady Luxury” all-silk “Dultex” chiffons, silk sandal foot —or lisle top, service silks. Cannot be matclied 95c anywhere at Other “Lady Luxurys”— $1.15 to $1.95 girle boots or oxfords. or black calf and elk leathers. to 13 . W Sale of small boys’ and flexible, dampproof Patents, tan Sizes .6 51.95 Women’s Shops - 1207 F 7th & K *3212 14th (*Open Evenings) 3 for $6.50 Mode make and others made for us by Welsh- Margetson of London. $1 grade ............50¢ 3 for $1.68 $1.50 grade ..........95¢ 3 for $250 & and 8250 grades..$1.29 3 for $3.50 Greater Reductions on Golf Hose $3 and $3.50 grades..$2, $350, $4 and $5 $4 and $5 grades.....$3 2 , §7.50 and i sl At 8 for $650 The Mode — F at Eleventh (/ CHMAINFE O single breasted .. Vests ... $1 and $1.50 grades. .. .7% $2 and $250 grades. .S. ‘ Mode Soft Hns.....Q.g Henry Heath and ley Seit Hats .' and double 5198 $6.50 Fancy Wool Greater. 3 Reductions on Soft Hats . Small lot_of $5 to Small lot of $8 and $10