Evening Star Newspaper, January 19, 1931, Page 4

DECIPHERED CODE GALL TO PERSHING Gen. Barnum First to Give Commander War Message Ordering Him to D. C. BY CHARLES M. O'NEILL. BOSTON, January 19 (N.ANA).- Deciphering for Gen. Pershing the code message which summoned him to Wash- ington to be formally invested with the command of the American Expedition- ary Force was the pleasant privilege of Maj. Gen. Malvern Hill Barnum, U. 8. A, retired, who was Gen. Per- shing’s chief of staff in that momentous May of 1917, Gen, Pershing and Gen. Barnum were classmates at West Point, and for more than a quarter of a century have shared the comradery that only sol- diers and saflors can understand. Recalling the memorable day in the Spring when he received the message calling Gen. Pershing to Washington for assignment as_supreme commander of the American Expeditionary Forces, Gen. Barnum says: Through Regular Channels. “The message, in code, was received by me as chief of staff. It came, as did all other communications, through the regular channels, My duty was merely to decipher it. This I did, mak- ing known its contents to the com- manding general. As I remember it, the message merely summoned him to igton, but its whole significance ‘was not discerned by either of us. “The general, in his memoirs, has said that he then believed he was merely to command a division which would go to France as soon as it could be relieved from border duty and sent to_a point of embarkation. e “And as a matter of fact we con- sulted and between & chose the units which later comprised the First Divi- sion of the American Expeditionary Force. They were, I remember, the 16th, 18th, 26th and 28th Regiments of Infantry and the 6th Field Artillery. “Orders were immediately promul- gated which sent this ‘division’ out of the southwestern department, and on its way to France. But long before they left, . Pershing had departed. I did not see him again for more than a year, when I went to France as commander of the 183d Infantry Brigade of the 92d Division.” Recalls Villa Pursuit. Reverting to pre-war days, Gen. Bar- num said in an interview yesterday: THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, MONDAY, ' My Experiences in the World War —By-—+ Gen. John J. Pershing Commander in Chief of the American Expeditionary Forces . Supplies and i.eadership Were Problems as Actual Work Abroad Began. SPECIALLY FITTED MEN WERE SOUGHT Allies Aided by Qpening Their Staff Schools to Train Officers for Duties in France. I the organization or equipment of an Army, not to mention its transportation beyond the sea, was a most tremendous handicap which few of our people realized then, and which is not generally understood as this is written, 13 years later. As the details of our mission abroad developed it soon became evident that in all that pertained to the maintenance and supply of our armies as distinguish- ed from the purely military task, men with expert knowiedge and broad ex- | perience in business, industry and transportation would be needed. In the technical branches of the Army there were many officers with theoreti- cal training in special lines, but with some notable exceptions they generally lacked broad constructive or admin- istrative experience. From the very start I determined to obtain the best talent available, and was fortunate in practically every field to find able men who were anxious to do their part. Call for Lumber Enormous. The earliest application of the prin- ciple was in connection with timber CHAPTER VIIL HE fact that when we entered the war our Government had | done little or nothing toward it Wilson decided to raids and talked over the old days, even as we discussed the problems then confront- ing us, he as commander of the Expedi- tionary Force and I as commander of an Infantry brigade. We spent most of a day riding around our training area near Bourbon-Les-Bains. “We talked of the Spanish-American War. We both served in that campaign 8s officers of the 10th Cavalry. After the fall of Bantlago, Gen. Pershing wanted to go, the Philippines. He had the satisfaction of having this ambition Tealized. His work there in fighting and then placating the Moro chiefs and their followers is part of the his- tory of our country.” Wounded at San Juan. Gen. Barnum, it should be inserted here, was woun in the Spanish- d thereby hangs a His father, Maj. Gen. Henry A. Barnum, was wounded in the hip during the Civil War battle at Malvern Hill. That's how Gey. Malvern Hil Barnum got his name. \?nn latar, 2t San Juan Hill, the then Line Officer Barnum was wounded, also in the hip, on the exact date as that on which lusyhv.her Sustatned his wound, “You must know, of course” Gen. Barnum said, with a touch of regret in his voice, “how I yearned to go to France with 't‘}:e b:finzul.mum T have reason leve that he would m been glad to have me. But the War Department thought otherwise. ‘They believed in Washington that since I was in touch with the Mexican bor- der situation, under Pershing and Pun- ston, I should stay there until the crisis should have been passed. And I did. Later I was assigned to the 92d Division as a brigade com- mander. Not infrequently I met the commanding general. And always I found him to be that which he always had been—from West highest point of his military career— Food comrade and & ‘Hndy snd- soet a kindly snd con- siderate friend. “To have served with and under such a man was a privilege not given to every man. I appreciate it, and am glad to know that the people now are learning from his memoirs the task that was Gen. Pershing’s and how well (Copyright, 1931 by North American News- paper Alliance.) DROUGHT RELIEF LOANS "READY FOR DISTRIBUTION Voucher Forms for Payments to and lumber procurement. The call fc lumber would be enormous and since § would be impossible with our limited tonnage to bring a great quantity across the Atlantic, most of it would have to be obtained Europe. A cable to the War Department early led the immediate request was made for the appoihtment of Prof. Henry Graves, chief of the United States Forestry Service, who was then on the ground, as the man to take charge of this service. A number of other specially qualified men were re- quested as we entered the task of build- ing up the supply service, but as this was the first intimation given to the War Department that such a force would be needed, naturally it was some time before it was actually at work. Staff Required Attention. ke Savalopmens of & eate: estions, of & satis- g‘cwr"emmmmumwmmm demands of modern warfare required my special attention. The history of our Army offered no guide to the or- ganization and duties of the general staff under conditions involving the handling of millions of men in a great war, ‘When Congress created the general staff in 1903, it was done upon the recommendation of Mr. Elihu Root, then Becretary of War. After that, for vari- ous reasons, considerable hostility grew up against it in both House and Senate. Moreover, there existed no little opposi= tion to it within the Army itself, espe- cially in the intrenched supply depart- ments and bureaus at Washington. A certain limited class of line officers who regarded their commissions as sufficient evidence of superior qualifica- tions and as carrying a vested right to live at the expense of the Government with a minimum of exertion also decried it. But the main thing that retarded its evolution was the lack of a clear conception of its proper functions and the consequent centralization of its direction in the hands of successive chiefs of staff. Bullding & General Staff. It required no genjus to see that the co-ordination and. ction of the com- bat branches and the numerous services of large forces could be secured only through the m of a well consti- tuted general staff, and I determined to construct it on the sound basis of actual experience in war of our own and other armies. Our most highly trained officers as & rule came from the Staff College at Fort Leavenworth and the Army War College, but the majority of the rela- tively small number of graduates from these schools were scattered throughout the United States and colonial posses- sions. During the first two months in France the work imposed upon the few staff officers who had accompanied me was very hegvy. After urgent and repeated requests I was fortunate in having at my disposal later in the Summer s small group of men which included some of the most brilliant and highly | educated officers in our Army. In addition to those already with me, the officers included in the following cable I regarded as especially fitted for the duties for which they were desired: “mflum Robert C. Davis, adjutant general, be sent these headguarters earliest date. Request Frank Moorman or J. O. Mauborgne be sent - quarters earliest date for duty as code expert. Request Samuel T. Hubbard, Jr., Signal Corps, now here, be called to active service and ordered report to me. Request 10 of following named officers be sent to report to me by second con- voy for general staff duty: Frank R. McCoy, George Van Horn Moseley, Malin Craig, Alfred W. Bjornstadt, H. B. Piske, Allen J. Grear, Paul B. Malone, Edgar T. Collins, Samuel R.| Gleaves, Laurence Halstead, Nicholas W. Campanole, A. R. Moreno, Preston Brown, Le Roy R. Eltinge, W. B. Burtt, Frank T. Hines, Edw: L. King, J. P. McAdams, W. C. 8 Kerr T. Riggs, C. Johnson, Bt p: ton PBirnle, Kirby Walker, Berkley ' Enochs . . ." . Model for Future Guidance. Having this nucleus, and selecting the best features of the French and British staff systems, a general stafl orga tion was created which efficiently met Farmers Available on $45,000,000 Appropriation. ] and exercise direction in the! Joans | tion under the commander every demand made uj it through- out the war and which remains y as a for present and future guidance. Not only did G. H. Q. need an efi- clent staff to work out plans ir execu- in chi Most . Difficult The American Red Cross was early on the job in the war. a wounded British soldier, This photograph shows & nurse giving water to mending that 200 graduates of ‘the | School of the Line or the Staff School be sent over, or if such number could not at once be spared that selected of- ficers of the National Guard and Re- serves be substituted, but the depart- ment only partially complied with the request. Italians Wanted Help. My diary at this time notes the fol- lowing: “Paris, Tuesday, July 17, 1917. Dined on Friday with Thomas Nelson Page, our Ambassador to Italy, who praised Italian armies and wants us to send them troops. “Visited Red Cross Bullding and Y. M. C. A. headquarters today with Col. Both associations are pro- gressi. their activities “Sent cable urging manufacture of e artillery. “Have requested that passports to X!‘All France refused to officers’ fam- es.” ‘The suggestion from Ambassador Page that we send a few divisions to aid the Italians indicated that they were about to enter the lists and contend with'the other allies for an allotment of Ameri- ean reinforcements. The Ambassador seemed dm;';g:mud to find me strongly opposed to use of our troops any- where except on the Western Front as components of our own Army. The question of artillery procurement caused me much concern. The almost negligible amount on hand when we went to war consisted mostly of fleld guns of the 3-inch type, then largely in the hands of troops in the Philippine Islands and elsewhere and unavailable for issue. Moreover, for calibers heavier than the 3-inch type our Ordnance De- partment had adopted nothing which was really up-to-date. U. 8. Lacked Artillery. When George Washington was asked which arm of the combat service he would increase if he could have the choice, he replied that-it would be the artillery. Since his day its ratio to infantry in all armies has gradually grown. The most striking change in our time developed in the Russo-Japan ese War, when the proportionate in- crease, especially by the Japanese, be- came greater than ever before, particu- larly of heavy artillery. Our American observers in_Manchuria fully reported to the War Department its importance, but it was idle in those days for any military man to talk of more guns for our Army, and our Government made no attempt to keep pace with this ten. dency in modern armies. On the other hand, Germany quickly realized the growing significance of artillery, and so effectively did she develop this arm that during the first years of the World War the Central Powers had a decided superiority over the Allies. It is hardly believable that the Allies should have failed to appreciate their disadvantage at once, especially in the face of the significant demonstration in Belgium in 1914, yet apparently it was not until there came the prodigious use of artillery against the Russians that they awoke fully to its necessity. A board of officers, Col. C. C. Wil~ liams, Maj Fox Conner and Capt. J. B. ‘Taylor, from my staff, appointed while on the Baltic to study artillery needs, made a preliminary calculation based upon the immediate organization on a war footing of an army of 500,000 men. It was estimated that we should have as an initial requirement 2,52¢ guns, with a possibility of obtaining only 80 of our 3-inch guns in September and 40 in October from our own foundries, and with no prospect of further deliveries until June, 1918. The enormous proportion of both light and heavy guns used by both sides, the knowledge of our deficiency and the realization of the length of time that must elapse before we could manu- facture and deliver them made it im- ative that we seek other sources an our own to help equip our armies. Got Guns From French. Following up an intimation, it was learned definitely that although not fully supplied themselves, the French could increase the output of their fac- tories provided they could get steel from the United States. As it seemed prob- able that we should operate in prox- imity to their armies, we adopted the Prench types for the usual calibers and sought their assistance in obtaining the guns needed at least for ‘the first two years. We secured an agreement that our u?nog- as they came along, would be provided with French guns and am- x‘n::lltton, including not only the 75s able to get these J\uu from the French, as up to the end of the war no guns | of American manufacture of the types used, except twenty-four 8-inch mor- tars and six 14-inch naval guns, were fired in battle. ‘Trench guns of the 8-inch and 6-inch mortar _types, with ammunition, were | purchased from the British, as they were considered superior to those used by the lnfzgch ‘The Cross reported excellent fl“ at this time, ttgeclluy in its £ efforts to assish the Prench as agreed upon with Gen. Petain. Its or- tion by Maj. Grayson M. P. for war work with our own was now about completed. The of canteens and huts at "INURSE IN YUKON HOSPITAL a central office in Paris, eventually em- | araced practically every endeavor touch- ing the health of the armies. The Y. M. C. A, with E. C. Carter in charge, was equally earnest, its prin- cipal field of activities being that of recreation and entertainment. Through bureaus of information it also under- took to provide personal services for officers and men, both in France and England. It supplied athletic equipment and encouraged sport; conducted clubs and hotels, furnishing reading matter and writing material; cared for the women of the Y. W. C. A. and made a | beginning at education work wherever possible. Later on, at my request, the Y. M. C. | A. also undertook to condiict regimental and regional canteens for the Army. Although handicapped at all times by lack of tonnage, land transportation and efficient personnel, this enormous task was creditably performed. These two organizations, the Red Cross and the Y. M. C. A, eventually covered their r.mculnr spheres of ac- tivity without material interference one with the other, much to the benefit of all concerned. Supplementary to the work of these societles the Knights of Columbus came later and grew to be a most helpful agency. Later still the Jewish Welfare and the Salvation Army were added to those who served the sol- diers in their billets and at the front, |and although on a smaller scale they rendered valuable service to our troops. Tomorrow~—Perghing’s impression of lack of allied teamwork 1s confirmed by Sir Douglas Halg. (Copyright, 1931, in all countries by the North American N!'J:’D iper Al World rights reserved, including the Scandinavian. Reproduction in whole or in part prohibited.) HENRY LELAND. 88, CARRIES ON Made Rifles for Union Sol- diers and Plane Motors for World War. Friends Marvel at Mental Alacrity and Physical Vitality. By the Associated Press. DETROIT, January 19.—Up on the twenty-second floor of the Dime Bank | Bullding, approaching his 88th birth- day, a white-haired and white-bearded man who made rifles for soldiers in the Civil War and airplane motors in the World War is carrying on because his “plans are not yet quite mature,” and because work provides the “best fun” he has. Henry M. Leland, the “grand old man” of the automobile industry, with mind as alert as it was back in 1890, | when he predicted the future of inter- nal combustion engines, and with & | glhyllcll vitality that is the marvel nlé s frienlls and acquaintances, is in his office every day but Sunday from 8:30 am. to 5:30 pm. To the office comes a steady stream of visitors, mostly ‘would-be inventors who seek his advice on the merit of certain devices, for this is the “unfinished business” this octo- genarian mechanical genius feels called upon to look after before his retirement. Birthday Coming in Month. A month hence Henry Leland wifl have another birthday. His friends wi ask him how it feels to be 88 years old, and Henry Leland will reply: “I'm a bit embarrassed: you see it's the first time 1 ever was 88." Coupling an unfailing optimism witlr his mental and physical alertness, this outstanding figure of the automobile world does not admit such a thing as defeat. When he was Y5 he organized the Linooln Motor Co., chiefly for the pro- duction of the Liberty motors. Some time after the war the company came upon financia} troubles and it seemed that a career that had been so replete in achievement was to be capped by failure. Leland made a fighting come- back, however, after the Lincoln Co. had been taken over at a receiver’s sale by Henry Ford. A bitter fight, still in progress, between Leland and his old Iriend, Ford, resulted from the latter's of the Lincoln properties. land claimed Ford agreed to reim- burse certain stockholders when the property was taken over. Introduced Vital Improvements. It was as head of the Oadillac Motor Car Co., which he founded in 1902, that Henry Leland introduced storage bat- tery ignition, electric lighting, electric starting and thermostatic control of engine umfentuu. M{ he is still thinking of improvements that can be made in automobile engines and other moving parts of the vehicle whose fu- ture he foresaw when most people scoffed at the “contraption” some of them called “the invention of the devil.” AIR RESCUE l:lERO WEDS E. L. Wasson, Savior of Two in Frozen North, to Honeymoon in New York. By the Associated Press. VANCOUVER, British _ Columbia, Janusry 19.—Everett L. Wasson, 24- year-old hero of the long aerial search for the missing Burke party in the frozen Northern wilds of Canada, will leave here tomorrow night on a honey- moon trip to New York via San Francisco. He was married last night to Miss Florence Jones, nurse in the White Horse, Yukon, Hospital, to which he took the two men he found starving and near death in that on two months after they were fore to desert their damaged plane. HENRY M. LELAND. EX-MISSOURI U. HEAD CRITICIZES CURATORS Dismissed Educator's Statement Blames High Officials for “Injustice.” By the Associated Press. COLUMBIA, Mo, January 19.—Dr. | Stratton D. Brooks, former president of | the University of Missouri, in a state- ment made public here yesterday, said he believed he had beén dismissed by the Board of Curators because the board “preferred to do me an injustice ruther than risk serious opposition from persons in high authority.” It was Dr. Brooks’ first statement since last April, when he was notified that he had been dismissed. , Dr. Brooks said the action of the Board of Curators “has no parallel in educational history” except in two na- tionally known cases, where “extreme political activity” or “violent personal prejudice entered into the cas Dr. Brooks was replaced as president | of the university January 1 by Walter Williams, dean of the School of Journalism, after six months’ forced leave of absence during which Williams served as acting president. NEW TRAIN SERVICE Orie-Day St ¥ Oiacts With Memphis Tenn. A new one-day train service between | Washington and Memphis was inau- | gurated yesterday by the Southern Railway, representing an addition to the regular passenger service and the Memphis Special which has operated to Memphis via Chattanooga and Knox- | ville for many years. The new arrangement affords trans- | portation from Washington each day at 4:45 p.m.. passing Chattanooga at | 8:15 am. and arriving at Memphis at 6:10 p.m. the next day, making connec- tion with fast trains for points in Arkansas, Louisana, Oklahoma and Texas. ' One Room, Kitchen and Bath Electrical Refrigeration THE ARGONNE 16th-and Columbia Road Reasonable Rentals Regular Delivery Over 100,000 families read The Star every day. The great ma- Jority have the r delivered Nll:{vlfly every d day morning at a cost of 1 cents daily 5 cents Sunday. If you are ot taking advan- t‘l‘s‘b of this regular service at low rate, hone National JANUARY Capital 19, 1931. IBEREAVED FATHER HELD IN SHOOTING Accused in Death of Young Man. By the Associated Press. PORT ARTHUR, Tex., January 19.— A. B. Johnson, 40, whose comely 18- year-old daughter was shot to death recently, faced & hearing today on a charge of slaying Ottis Lee Adams, 22, oll company ambulance driver, who had been one of her companions. Had “Gone With” Girl. Police Chief M. B. Word said investi- gators knew that Adams, although married, had been “going with” the girl, Elizabeth; that her fiance, Robert | Williams, 18, student at the University of Texas, had objected, and that an estrangement of Willlams and the girl had followed. ‘Two weapons—one a small rifle cut down to pistol length, and the other a big six-shooter—were grim figures in Johnson’s troubles. The first killed his daughter, as she sat in a motor car in front of the Pirst Methodist Church here. The second killed Adams Sat- urday night. Reconciliations Prevented. Those guns, officers were told, pre- vented two proposed reconciliations. Williams, who had driven with Eliza- beth to the church, in whose shadows she died December 28, said he took her ibhere expecting to have the pastor in- | tercede and bring them together again. | When he returned to the car, he said, | he found Elizabeth dead. Adams, according to his chief, Dr. was shot down in a pressing shop to go to Vinton, La., and plead with his estranged wife for & new under- standing. Zionists_ Postpone Session. LONDON, January 19 (#).—The Jew- ish Telegraphic Agency says that the Actions Committee of the World Zion- st Organization has voted to postpone the World Zionist Congressj which was scheduled for February 24 at Karlsbad, Czechoslovakia. A date will be announced later by the Zionist executiv Nat'l 3770 Rose, orchid, peach or matching shade. Drastic Reductions e [Parent of Girl Recently Slain|. | James Long, was preparing even as he | Imperial Bundhar Lustra Ru gs $119.50 Size 9x12, was $138.50 - Other Sizes 83"x106", $112 46'x7'6", $40.50 9 .....,.968 27x54 . .‘12;50 Edict Limiting Bank Employes to Four Children Reported By the Associated Press. BUDAPEST, January 19.—As Est, Budapest paper, says a de- cree: n_issued by which employes of Hungarian banks are ordered to have no more than four children and threat- ening instant dismissal to any member of a bank staff who secretly marries. ‘The paper also says certain banks have threatened female employes with immediate dis- missal upon the birth of a child MAN’S “LAST TRICK” IS DOUBLE KILLING | Filipino Magician's Body Found With That of Girl For- bidden to Him. By the Associated Press. ATLANTA, January 19.—The “last trick” of Jose Cruz, 23-year-old Fili- pino amateur magician and butler of Asa G. Candler, jr, was written into Dekalb County records today as the murder of Miss Gladys Exix, pretty 19- year-old stenographer, and his own suicide. After the discovery of the bodies of the couple yesterday in a parked auto- mobile on the Candler estate, officers found a note in the Filipino’s room, scrawled on & child’s slate, which said, “This is my last trick and I hope you enjoy the performance. On Cruze's body was found an un- signed note which sald: “To whom it may concern: taking our own lives because we love each other but due to the objections of Louise Prix (sister of Gladys) and Clay (grandmother) we can- way to be together in peace.’ The corner's jury did not believe there was . suicide part, since the note bore no mark from the girl. Testimony before the coroner’s jury showed fhat Miss Prix’s parents, Mr and Mrs. Oscar Frix, had forbidden Cruz to call at their home or to see their daughter. it Germany had the greatest number of exhibits, with the United States second, at the recent shoe and leather exposi- tion in Pari 70th Anniversary Year green. MOSES—FIRST FLOOR ““We, Gladys Frix and Pose Cruz, are | VETERANS TABLE LUMP BONUS ISSUE Adjusted Compensation Dis- cussed Heatedly by 29th Division Association. The question of adjusted compensa- tion for World War veterans, through which the bonus would be paid in a lump sum, was tabled by the Executive Committee of the 29th Division Associa | tion after a heated discussion yesterd: |at the closing session of a two-day meeting J. Fred Chase, president of the Wash- ington Post, No. 29, of the organizatio: who, with Dudley Browne, a patent af torney, represented the District of Co~ lumbia, spoke in favor of the compen- sation proposal. Herbert Blizzard e New Jersey and other objectors gave various reasons why they thought full payment of the bonus would be unwise, calling attention to the fact that Rep- resentative Hoffman of New Jersey favors only two-thirds of the money being released at this time. Action on the bonus question was postponed until next September when, the committee decided, the next conven- tion will be held in Asbury Park, N. J. Meanwhile, plans are being made to hold the 1932 conclave in France, cen- tering it around the $2,000,000 memorial now being erected to the 29th Division. The meeting, which was held at the Arllngu)n Hotel. was attended by repre- | Sentatives from Maryland, Virginia and | New Jersey. H. J. Lepper of Newark, N. J., presided. FUR COATS Cleaned s 5 and Glazed ipecial price includes thorough This cleaning of your coaf gles Jur coat inside and out. e Special Pri in Remod, Expert Workmanship Work Called for and Delivered. NEW ENGLAND FURRIERS Benjamin_Sherman, Prop. 618 12th Street Nat. 2456 W, B. Moses & Sons F at Eleventh 0% to 50% Off All Kinds of Lamps \ A few examples of the unusual values offered. A three-candle floor lamp, complete with a_hand-decorated shade, in a hexagon shape, regularly $20.50; now $16.88. Metal bridge lamp, complete with shade, regularly $13; now $10.40. Metal dressersticks, with round or square base, enameled in lovely pastel colors. Dainty silk shades to match. Regularly $11; now $9.90 a pair. A colorful table lamp, in red and green with hand-decorated, Regularly $15; now $13.50. Sale—Oriental Reproductions - Wide Selections Imperial Iran Lustra Rugs $131 Size 9x12, was $195 Other Size Y ¥x2'10", $25.50