Evening Star Newspaper, January 18, 1931, Page 33

! TIGHTER CURB ON ALIENS . BY U. S. FAVORED BY DOAK Country Merely Follows Other Nations’ Example in So Doing, Says Labor Secretary. The speech of Secretary of Labor Doak on “Our Immigration Problem,” delivered last night in the National Ra- dio Forum, arranged by The Star, and broadcast over the Nation-wide network of the Columbia Broadcasting system, follows: My Radio Friends: T have been requested to speak to you tonight on the subject of immigration. 8 subject which has always been of vital interest to our people, but which of late has been more widely discussed before the committees in Congress and in many of the pubiic forums through- out the country than ever before. In recent months it has been proposed that during the present emergency, es pecially, immigration should be sus- pended ' altogether. It has also been advocated that a further limitation be placed on the number of entrants per- mitted to come in, so that but a small percentage of the number admissible under existing laws would be permitted to enter the country. The question of further restriction in immigration is now receiving the attention of the Im- migration Committee of the Congress. In late years the need for a st further limitation in immigration has been apparent to all who are really in- terested in the well-being of all our people, whether native or foreign-born. I am one of those who has always be- lieved that our first duty is to safe- guard the interests of our own people. I also believe in the strict enforcement of our immigration laws, but in a just and humane way. Our Government has always given to those who have entered our gates from other lands that freedom of opportunity and protection of law that it accords to its citizens. In return we have asked only of those admitted that they ob- gerve our laws, show their faith in our Institutions and maintain a sympathetic attitude with our form of Government. Immigrants, from the beginning, have flocked to America to better themselves. Economic forces rather than political | freedom actuated the great majority | who came to our shores, and this ap- | plies to the mcdern immigrants, who | wander from their homes and, as their forefathers did, eagerly search for a | more assured means of livelihod and | prosperity. Notes Some Opposition. Of course, there are some people in the United States who oppose the re- striction of immigration on any basis Restricted immigration is also opposed as a departure from a _time-honored policy. When this republic was found- immigrant group which by deed or thought does not subscrib: heartily to all those standards. Because of the many physical diffi- culties that beset us by reason of our extensive boundaries and the number of our ports of entry, there are many {aliens who are in this country illegally. Just how many there may be of this | class. it is hard to enumerate. Accurate information is so limited that any statement which essays to show the number of aliens who are now unlawfully resident here must necessar- | ily be largely conjectural. | Our first numerical restrictive im- { migration law was enacted in the year |1921. Prior to_ that year there were few incentives for European aliens to seek entry into the United States in violation of law, and, therefore, dur- ing this period those who deliberately entered the country in an unlawful manner were for the mast part limited to the diseased, illiterate, and the criminal and immoral classes, who could not gain lawful admission. It is a known fact, of course, that many of j1p | these classes succeeded in entering the | | country during this period, and un-; doubtedly some are still here. Canada and Mexico. A materially different situation existed | with respect. to the entry of residents | of Canada and Mexico during this same period. Prior to the year 1907 the im- migration regulations provided that no record should be made of Canadians and Mexicans entering the country ex- cept in certain limited classes of cases. During the continuation of these regu- lations an unknown but very large number of immigrants entered from both of these countries. And even be- tween the years 1907 and 1921 the land boundaries between the United States and Canada and Mexico were virtually unprotected, making it easy for aliens in these countries to cross our borders without inspection. Obviously, it is im- possible even to estimate the number of such entries, or to determine how many of them are still in the United States, At the time the quota limit act of 1921 went into effect it was a well known fact that there were several mil- lllcn prospective immigrants in Euro- pean countries desiring to come to the United States, and very naturally the | numerical restriction imposed by that law created a strong incentive to il- | legal entry. During the period between June, 1921, and July 1, 1924, while the | first quota limit act was in effect, a ed we had much undeveloped territory | large but unknown number gained sur- and immigration was encouraged. We reptitious entry over the land borders needed agricultural labor to farm the|and from Cuba by way of Florida and lands, other labor to build railroads, | Other States bordering on the Gulf of ‘and to aid in the development of a|Mexico, and as stowaways and desert- 1 THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C.' JANUARY 18, 1931—PART TWO. i aliens have been deported under war- rant proceedings, and during the past six years, for which records have been kept, 95,147 aliens subject to deporta- tion have been permitted to depart voluntarily without warrant proceedings, or an aggregate of 187,304 aliens. However, it should be borne in mind that in most instances those who have been permitted to depart voluntarily without warrant proceedings have had to be apprehended by the immigration authorities before they requested the privilege of departing voluntarily. We are calling to the attention of the Congress and those in authority the| vital importance of strengthening the | hands of the Labor Department in its work of ceporting aliens who have no right to remain here. We have asked for what we consider suitable appro- priations for carrying on this necessary work. And I think it is but just for me to state that our requests are receiving favorable and sympathetic consideration by Congress. ‘While I shi forcement poli | insist on a vigorous en- t in the performance (Continued From First Page.) nominated to be Secretary of the Treas- ury. After a turbulent career in the| House of Representatives, Cushing was nominated three times within a brief | period After the first rejection Tyler wrote to the Senate in this ciplomatic vein: “In submitting to you the name of Caleb Cushing as Secretary of the ‘Treasury I did so in full view of his consummate abilities, his unquestioned patriotism and full capacity to dis- charge with honor to himself and ad- vantage to his country the high and important duties. | immigration, but rather that it followed President and the Senate |sling and a new country. But of late years there are comparatively few of the immi- grants arriving who go to the farms, and there is generally sufficient other labor here for practically all our needs. There may be instances where a par- ticular kind of labor is required for the best interests of developing a new industry, but even these instances are very much limited in the present emer- gency. Modern methods of production and improved labor-saving machinery have curtailed the opportunities, par- ticularly for common labor. The great bulk of all immigrants who come here, come here to work, and where we have enough labor in this country we are proceeding upon a false premise when we accentuate our employment prob- lems by encouraging a flow of immigr: tion which eznnot be absorbed, and will | only increase the number who must be | provided with employment. | 1 regret to say that some of those who | have entered this country have not be-n actuated by the desire to improve their opportuni‘ies, and to join with us in the upbuilding and upholding of our institutions. They come here for other purposes, as you know. For this latter class—and I am thankful to say they are comparatively few—there is no E:lce in this country. If they are not sympathy with pur aims and pur- ac‘\ss%if they do hot come here for e purpose of founding homes and joining with us in all our national en- deavors—if they do not come here to embrace our principles, then they should | Teturn to the place from whence they | came, because we can get along pretty well without them. A ‘Wants Standards Retained. Nothing can be clearer than that our whole future structure as a great national commonwealth rests upon the uninterrupted continuation of all the standards, social, economic and politi- cal, coupled with Christian civilization which have brought us forward from our first strike for independence and the determination to found a land of freedom. Thus we must cling to self- eservation with sufficient zeal to see it our national customs, traditions and progress are not injured by any ing seamen at our seaports. Between the year 1907 and 1921 the total num- | ber of seamen recorded as deserting their ships in American ports was 145,- 492, an average of 9,699 per year. Be- tween 1921 and 1924 this annual aver- age increased to 21,362. This is only one indication that many thousands of persons resorted to unlawful means of effecting entry. Another fact to be borne in mind is | that a large number of those who en- | tered the country surreptitiously during | the three years above named were Eu- ropeans, and that this same law im- | posed practically no restriction on im- | migration from Canada and Mexico. Unlawful Entrances Cut. July 1, 1924, an even more restric- tive quota act was enacted by Con- gress, and, while it is impossible to make a satisfactory estimate of the number of aliens who have entered the country unlawfully during the last six years, yet it is certain that the annual number was not nearly so great as pre- viously; this for the rezson that a high- ly efficient immigration border patrol has been on guard at the land borders, also in Florida, and at strategic points on the Gulf Coast since that date. Through the effective work perform- ed by this organization, the illegal en- try of Europeans across our land boun- daries has been very greatly diminished. Also, through the increased number of immigration officers stationed at our various ports of entry, the number of aliens who_ deserted ships in American ports has been reduced to an average of 10,929 in the last three years and, while, as previously stated, it is obvious- ly impossible to arrive at any concrete figure as to the number of aliens un- lawfully in the United States, after a careful consideration of all factors which enter into a computation of this kind, I recently estimated this number to be about 400,000, of which number experience would indicate only about |25 per cent (or 100,000) will be found | to come within the deportation proyi- sions of the present immigration law and be found deportable. As of interest to the people of the | United States, I desire to say that dur- ing the past 10 years a total of 92,157 Britain Making Desperate Fight To Hold South American Trade| (Continued From Third Page.) Jbu! spent their money in the United T & — | States. foining the struggle for the coveted | Even in Argentina the North Ameri- | trade. Britain's trade continued to cans are making headway. They have | grow, but not in proportion to the |taken from British capitalists control | “Th- respect which I have for the wisdom of the Senate has caused me! again, since his rejection, to reconsider his merits and qualifications. This re- view has satisfied me that I could not have a more able adviser in the admin- istration of public affairs or the country | & more faithful officer.” After which the Senate promptly re- | jected Cushing’s name again. Tyler presented his name a third time. The resulting vote was 29 against and only two votes for confirmation. | Some years before Cushing had pub- lished a long pamphlet, entitled “A Reply to the Letter of J. Fenimore Cooper,” an answer to that famous nov- elist's caustic attack on the American people. Curiously enough, in view of the later developments, Cushing vehe- mently defended the right of the Senate | to maintain its prerogatives in disputes | with the President. Cushing said: | “You deny to the Senate of the United States all right to express any opinion upon the executive acts of the Chief Magistrate. He may violate the Constitution, but they must be blind, dumb, senseless even, in view of the prostration of their own constitutional powers as a co-ordinate branch of Con- | gress and as the representations of the States of the Union.” All of which, though he wrote nearly 100 years ago, sounds strikingly like some of the 1931 speeches in behalf of the dignity of the Senate. Cushing's troubles were not over. He had a burning ambition to be Chief Justice, and was nominated for that office by President Grant. His political enemies dug up a harmless letter of introduction Cushing had written in March, 1861, to Jeflerson Davis. Grant saw that the nomination could not be confirmed and so withdrew it. Cushing, like Taney, ! | dell Phillips had said: “I regard him as the most learned man now living.” Danish, Italian, Latin, Greek, German, Dutch and Portuguese. It was plain, | however, that he did not speak the language of the Senate. In the old chronicles of the senatorial fights found here and there among quaint accounts of expeditions against the pirates of the East Indies and ad- STEAMSHIPS. gained fame | from his defeats. Of his talents Wen- | It is said that he mastered French, | of this particular phase of the immi- gration law, it is my intention to avoid any spectacular raids or sensational methods in accomplishing the desired results. It is w.ll to call to your attention some of the difficulties encountered by immigration officers in deportation cases. Experience has demonstrated that it would not be possible to effect the de- portation in' any one year of all de- portable aliens, nor would it be safe to predict that such results could be ac- complished in any period of years, be- cause of the various steps which must be followed under the law in effecting deportation. Among these steps are the following: Locating the Aliens. First—Locating the alien. Second—Making a case which will bear the test of the courts, which often times entails the gathering of evidence over an extensive area. ‘Third—Determining the country of which the alien is a citizen or subject. Fourth—Obtaining consent of the country to which deportation is ordered. From this you will readily see that de- porting an alien is not a simple matter and does mot consist in taking him into custody, putting him on a boat and bid- ding him God speed back to his native country. Let me impress upon you the growing perplexities with which we are con- fronted in the influence which immi- gration wields upon our economic situa- tion" and the future of our native born and naturalized workers. It is no longer solely a question of supplying our labor | needs through the importation of for- | eign labor. It is now a question of pro- tecting the interests of our citizens and | the lawfully resident aliens nmow here, and it also involves the maintenance of |our American standards of living. ‘That our immigration laws need | strengthening, in legal applications to the present situation is evidenced more | and ‘more each year. What I have just | 1 told you is proof of our needs. be to many a matter of regret that the Pnited States can no | longer be, regarded as a refuge for the oppressed peoples of the world, as a matter of fact the restriction of im- migration was not adopted by the United States until its absolute neces- sity had been demonstrated, and in this connection it is well to remember that our country did not lead in limiting ‘While it the example of practically every civilized nation on earth, vertisements of daguerreotype studios we see a parallel, with modifications, to the excitement in Washington today. At the time of Cushing’s rejection one Washington newspaper said: | “This has been an eventful and ex-| citing day. The Senate spent nearly all day in executive session. After tea, or rather after brandy and water, they | took up and rejected Cushing, 27-19.” Of the scenes in the House, where | Cushing was serving, the press said: “The excitement and the buzz of hu- man voices was tremendous. One mem- | ber cried out, “Boy, go and get tvo| brandy waters.’ Another, ‘Boy, get a gin lemonade.’ These were | brought in. Mr. Cushing then handed | out the wine to the ladies at the mem- | bers’ desks, so that this Congress, which began with a virtuous resolution to ex- clude all intoxicating drinks from the | Capitol, ended by bringing wine and brandy toddy into the House and drink- ing it at the members’ desks.” President Tyler was_defeated again on a nomination when he named David | Henshaw to be Secretary of the Navy., Henshaw's opponents charged that he was_involved in questionable acts in connection with the failure of the Com- | monwealth Bank of his home State.| The press agreed, however, that his re. jection was & political move in retalia- tion for the fact that he had assisted in | bouncing many good Whigs unceremo-| niously out of office. Henshaw Preferred Publicity. Some present-day Americans yearn | for the good old days when presidential nominations were considered in execu-| tive session. It would doubtless curb| considerable oratory, but it might have drawbacks. For example, when Hen-| shaw was rejected in 1844 he sent & letter to the Senate, saying: “The undersigned most respectfully requests the Senate to remove the in- junction of secrecy from the proceed- | ings. Reports have been circulated that charges derogatory of the personal in-| tegrity and moral character of the un-| dersigned were presented to the Senate, | and he is ready now, and will be ready at all times, to repel and refute any| and every such charge by whomsoever | made.” : Of Henshaw, Tyler said many years ater: “He was a gentleman who had won a | wide reputation in his nagjve State and | who for the brief space during which he continued at the head of the Navy Department acquitted himself with great ability and to the entire satis- faction of the Government. For camcsi growing out of the state of the times| and not his own demerits he was re- Jjected by the Senate.” Yes, history repeats itself! On Janu- ary 30, 1844, another of Tyler's nomi- nations, that of James M. Porter of Pennsyivania to be Secretary of War, was rejected by the Senate. On that occasion a New York City newspaper MSHIPS. growth of South America. By the out- break of the World War, though still the leading exporters to the southern their proportion of the total had fallen from more than half to less than a third Second place was held by the United States. Despite German export boun- ties and ship subsidies, the United States carried on, casually and haphazardly, a larger trade with South America than did the Reich One of the North American names most widely known in Argentine and Chile is practically unknown in the United States. William Wheejwright, who was born in Massachusetts f 1798, was for many years the champion con- fon hunter of those republics. But worked for British capitalists. He built the first and any other railways in Argentina and Chile, and establish>d the Arst steamer service between the Pacific Coast and Europe—the Pacific Bteam Navigation Co—in 1840, Wheelwright was the precursor of a growing procession of North American business men who, in later years, have traveled south trying to participate in the prosperity founded by him and his an colleagues. But the salesman United States, up to 1915, was outnumbered by his British and German and Belgian and French competitors: he was unable to extend the customary long credits, because there were no North American banks in his territory of the meat-chilling industry; they sup- ply 80 per cent of the country's agricul- tural machinery and practically all the automobiles; their annual exports to the republic sometimes exceed those from Great Britain. The British still control most of South America's foreign-owned railways. They are the world's masters in many lines of textiles, for which South Amer | ica provides one of their greatest mar- | kets. 50 long as the British miner does not strike, British ships will continue to | carry thousands of tons of coal to South | American ports as ballast, the bulky |grain and meat and ore shipments pro- viding them with return cargoes. Even now there are four times as many British as United States banks on the continent. Most important of all the British have a century-old reputa. | tlon for carefully made goods of unsu passed enduring qualities, and are looked upon as a friendly nation with | no hostile intention toward the southert republics. | “For all that, Great Britain is feeling the pressure of competition keenly. The | Great War not only failed to vanquish her indomitable German rivals; it raised up & new, bigger competitor. The Brit- ish Trade Exposition at Buenos Alfres, | the Prince of Wales' Spanish speeches are but the ceremonial interludes in a struggle which will be fought out in the factories at home, in the offices of Ar-| gentine, Chilean and Brazlian im- to give him credit information; he him- | porters. self did not usually know Spanish or | Like the independent merchant in & Portuguese, and his firm back home | town invaded by chain stores, the Brit- neither knew nor greatly cared just|isher is pitting his assets of long-estab- ‘what kinds of goods his customer want- ed, nor how they were to be packed and sent. Not infrequently some Brazlian im- porter, after being weaned away with much’ persuasion from his European hly sat- Ameri- would reorder, only to source of supply, would be isfied with new line of Nortl can goods, and lished connections, careful attention to customers and reputation for quality against a rival who relies on superior cagml and mass production. th America become the com- mercial cockpit of Britain, the Unif the world. Great 3 tel States and Ger- many are here waging a struggle which, for one of them at least, is a matter of ! today’s high note in cabin spaciousness, decorations, | | | open ocean. Duchess o | Belfast, Glasgow. Canadian Pacific has 13 the St. Lawrence Scaway 3 Empresses (first-class), favorite lower-cost ships. EUROPE LUXURIOUS CABIN CLASS oN THE 4 DUCHESSES @ Canadian Pacific’s Duchess liners introduced rates. 20,000 grose tons each, 184 knots speed. They sail the St. Lawrence Seaway...shortest, | most direct route to Europe. 2 days on this 1000- mile salt arm of the Atlantic...full steam ahead between its gorgeous coastlines. .. only 4 days class to Enrope. 1931 service, at cabin-class f Atholl, Duchess of Bedford, Duchess of Richmond, Duchess of York ...one every week from Montreal to Liverpool, giantess liners plying 0 and from Earope. with the new 5-day Empress of Britain. Cabin class liners . . ./ Every week, 3 to § sailings from Montreal and Québec. OTHER STEAMSHIP SERVICES To the Orient, via Hawaii, or speediway express. said, in words that would fit in well in almost any generation, “It is positively declared by the Senators that they did not vote upon political considerations,” just as a distinguished Senator from Massachusetts said in 1925, when the Senate was about to reject another Presidential nomination, “The Senator who is leading the opposition assured us that he had no spirit of partisan- ship in it.” A Washington newspaper, after Hen- shaw and Porter had been rejected, said, “What s curious state of things! A President without either a Cabinet or a Congress or a party! A Congress without unity, like two cats tied to- gether by the tails and hung across a clothes line! AV Senate striving to usurp Executive prerogatives by con- trolling appointments.” Another paper in 1844 paid this gen- tle tribute to legislators in general in a poem entitled “An Hour at the Capitol:"” B “Now to their dinner the members hie awa; The business is all closed and finished for today— ‘Three dollars earned, the devil take the rest, And should he take the members, for the people 'twere best.” There Were Fire-Eaters Then. Americans of 1931 who are shocked by the modern invectives would take heart if they would read the denuncia- tions of a hundred years ago. After Tyler's quarrels with Congress, one of his numerous opponents issued a lengthy booklet about the President, and included these fiery statements: “Avenging justice, though sometimes slow, yet always sure, will soon thunder anathemas upon your head. The ac- cumulated misery your perfidy has caused will yet be seen, like foul spirits, passing before your vision and make you curse the day that gave you birth.” One of the last of the old-time dis- putes came with the nomination of Henry Stanbery of Ohio by the Presi- dent for the position of Attorney Gen- eral. Stanbery had held that office previously, but had resigned to become one of the counsel for Johnson, when the impeachment trial was pending. i TEAMSHIPS. 3 7D.0n’t miss trlrli; s CRUISE! ‘_VEST INDIES FEB. Canal, South America included. ll 14 exotic ports all together. 29 days of luxury on the Duchess of Bedford. Swimming pool, gymnasium, sports deck. Accommodations are perfect. Fares from $306. Make reserva- tions at once. Sail to sunny seas. Bermuda, Panama Apply local agent or o lireenreen C. E. PHELPS. General Agent, 1ith st. at New York Av. N.W. Washington, D. C. IN O'LZlez.ngfon 0 YOU CAN GO TO NEW YORK VIA NORFOLK Go to Norfolk by the Norfolk and Washington Steamboat Company. Connect there with an Old Dominion Liner sail- ing daily to New York — ex- cept Sundays. Fare $15 and up—one way. Old Dominion Liners leave Nor- folk daily, except Sunday, 7:30 PM., Eastern Standard Time. For through tickets, reservations and folders, apply Norfolk and Washington' Steamboat Co., 1423 H St. N.W. (Southern Building), Washington, or 139 Granby St., Norfolk, Va. . * OLD DOMINION LINE OF THE EASTERN STEAMSHIP LINES [ —— m—— midst ofa British sportsday. There goes the Dutch “VEENDAM,” & long fast silhouette against the Summer sca— carryingon like a true*“Furness” banner liner until she makes way for the great “Mid-Ocean” later this year. Two types of trans-atlantic travel from which to choose under the Furness flag . . . and no bobbing tenders lie between us and our destination at the dock in the heart of Hamilton. ROUND TRIP Inclusive Rates FARES FROM 570 on application The Bermudianaandthe St. George Hotels—as up to the minuteas the ships themselves — express the Furness idea of living ashore. Sailings Wednesdays'on S.5.** Veendam' and Saturdays on MS ' Bermuda". Ships leave from Manhattan Pier 95 (Weat 55th After the battle had ended in John-|on the evening of March 10, only to son's favor Stanbery was again named | have an unexpected vote occur in his for Attorney General, | e e et o e Senate T~ | absence. Mr. Coolidge again submitted son that he had declined to argue be- | Warren's name, and on the second oc- fore the Supreme Court in favor of the | casion it was again rejected, amid constitutionality of the laws which the | scenes of the greatest excitement. President held to be unconstitutional. It is an old world and so long as we . behave like human beings. Presidents Coolidge and Warren. and Senates will differ, just as they More recently came the rejection, In | have on the historic occasions wmch| 1925, of Charles Beecher Warren, nom- | have been cited. i inated to be Attorne | We are not confined to modern times l“em"d :mun d‘:_“ T e ervng | for entangling “situations.” 1t Praa | - e had served | gent, Hoover is looking for comfort, he as attorney for the “sugar trust.” This |may recall “Caesar witn a Senate at fight was made dramatic by the fa-|his heels” or Cato, who “gave the mous “ride” of General Dawes, who|Roman Senate laws and sat attentive had gone to his hotel to take a nap to his own applause.” TEAMSHIPS. STEAMS C O uchess 30,000 tons displacement, 20,021 gross tons. Transatlantic luxury in state rooms, lounges, sports decks. Docks at pier in Bermuda. Round trip fares from $70. Twelve days...all expenses . . . $118 and up. From New York, every Saturday, beginning Jan. 31 o FLORIDA Fvery BhesdayicrPUMI omethe port of Baltimore...a Merchants & Miners ship...new, large, luxurious, with a capacity for three hundred passengers . . . sails for JACKSONVILLE and MIAMI A leisurely cruise over southern seas, warm and sparklin, - arestful salt-air trip. Visit Pier 3 Pratt St foot of Gay any Tuesday at sailing time and see for yourself the happy thron, embarking; go aboard an A is note the accommodations. 9 days and longer $8rand up. St. cAugustine, East and West Coats, Bok Ton Friday sailing to Savan- nah and Jacksonville . . « FARBS INCLUDE meals, regular berth. Thru tickets to all points. Autos carried, $51.25 up. Ask for new folder. Apply 1338 H St.N.W.Nat'l 4612, Wash. eonic ... be a "PLEASURE PIRATE" for 27F care-free days! Nes b b "\ H San Juan roxro a1co « St. Chomas viai isunos « Foet Do Feance, St. Piccee mumniae « Bacbados + Crinidad « La Guayea veneven « Cucacao « Colon ranama + Kings- fon JAMAICA Sautingo, Havana cosa « Hassaw sanams F| Your home for the eruise is the famous RELIANCE, with t First Class accommodations exclusively — spacious salons, | & sunlit swimming pool — unexcelled cuisine and service. Rates $322.50 up. | EASTER CRUISE—March 28th—16 Days—$212.50 Hamsurc-american 39 BROADWAY NEw YORE LINE WEST INDIES ... THE MID-WINTER CRUISE 18 days...Jan. 24 to Feb.11... $197.50 uF. Caledonia to Bermuda, Port - au- Prince, Kingston, Colon, Havana and Nassau. THE CRUISE TO NEW PORTS 18 days. ..Feb. 14 to Mar. 4 $197.50 up. Caledonia to San Juan, Santo Domingo, Colon, Kingston, Port-au-Prince, and Havana. THE GULF STREAM CRUISE 614 days . ..Feb.23toMar1... S. S. California. . . $55 up. SPECIAL 9 DAY CRUISE Mar. 11 to 20... 8140 up. Carma- nia to Nassau and Havana. The ship your hotel while in port. THE AURANIA CRUISE From Boston Mar. 12 to Mar. 29 From N. Y. Mar. 13 to Mar. 28 $141 Of the beaten trail to Havana via UP Bermuda, Kingston, Santiago. Two other Cunard cruises of 12 days duration...with sailings frem New York April 1 and April 16, from Boston on preceding days. Rates from $111 up, HAVANA Dance on the decks of 31,000 ton transatlantic liners, larger by thousands of tons than any other steamers in Havana service. every Wednesday and S-md;s up to March 11...by mia Carmania. Rates $' up one way, $140 up round trip. S+S:RELIANCE to the { g:ulies Start January 27, or February 26, for the jolliest ““pilgrimage” of your life. Leave winter and care behind. Spend your days in happy shipboard diver- sions and sightseeing in colorful tropical lands— Or Local Tourist Agents DAYS Pt RIVIERA foim By the luxurious liners CONTE GRANDE CONTE BIANCAMANO Special Winter Voyages De Luxe GISRALTAR + ALGIERS 4 PALERMO NAPLES + VILLEFRANCHE * GENOA Jan. 23 Feb. 10 Feb. 27 * Optional shore excursions et afl ports LLOYD SABAUDO | Bank International Exchange Gen. Asts., th and H Sts. ‘and ' SOUTH AMERI CRUISES on the New DE LUXE MOTOR LINER (26,700 Tons) 't choose a more colorful cruise! glamour of old ia — 3000 feet up in Dutch sle of Gay Havana v jai alai. The Porto Rico—Veneruela—Curacao Panama—Jamaica—Havana you board the at Washington y Cruises Feb. 21—March 14 For illustrated booklet apply to . N. Y., or local Agent All Expense Cruises VOLENDAM your Hotel throughout the cruise. 18-day Cruise JANUARY 21 Yisiting BAHAMA ISLANDS— ssau; CUBA—T, ANAMA on : JAMA ings! and BERMUDA. Rate as low as $230. 28-day Cruise FEBRUARY 11 Visiting BAHAMA ISLANDS— JBA=Havana, DAD.BARBA! VIRGIN ISLANDS—St. PORTO RICO—San Juan a BERN MUDA. Rates as low as $380. Rates include complete program shore excursions under the man- agement of Frank Tourist Co. LUXURIOUS accommoda- tions at very attractive rates. For illustrated booklet apply to HOLLAND-AMERICA LINE 21-24 State St., New York, and FRANK TOURIST COMPANY 542.5th Ave., New York or local tourist agents WEST INDIES AND CARIBBEAN on the STATENDAM the largest ship to these exotic Isles Ofcourse you want luxury—in ac- commodations, service, " cuisine! So you sail the Holland-America Line way. The S. S. STATENDAM i nificently furnished—yet fi and comfortabl 25-day Cruises leaving New York JANUARY 28 FEBRUARY 24 ly DS—Nassau. Shore arrangements and special cruise entertainment in cooper- ation with Raymond-Whitcomb Company. LUXURIOUS accommoda- ‘Winter Cruises . .. Round-the-World, Mediterran- ean, WestIndies. Bermuda,weekly from NewYork. Information and reservations, from your own ageat, or Canadian Pacifie 14th and New York Ave. N.W. Washington, D. C. National 0758 st S e Canada. Broadeasts. Craisadens. Programme peadiced in be told that the United States manu- facturer was now too busy to supply him, because things were booming nicely back home and the foreign business wasn't needed. ‘Then the World War threw South America’s commerce into North Amer- fca’s lap. German and Belgian business was destroyed and exports from all the other European countries drastically curtailed. The South Americans grew rich “upplying the allies with raw ma- meat, piTates, MinCTAS— life and death. If Britain can regain wmethh:g:! her old dominance in this market, will have gone far to emerge from the slough she is in at present. EUROPE & ark’s North Cape PE I June 29, 8. 8. Italy, Norway, | Crul Calgarle, $550 up— Jul to " pain. Paris, by 8. Laurentic, 19,000 tons. 1 4 St.) and go direct to dock at Hamilton tions at moderate rates. (Bermuda) thus avoiding inconvenience of five mile transfer from anchorage. FURNESS 84 Whitehall St. (where Broadway begins) 865 Fifth Ave., New York or any Authorised Agend T Send for illustrated literature to your local agent or CUNARD 1504 K St. N.W., Wash, D. C. Phone: District 183 Cunard Travellers’ Cheques . . . The Universal don, Comtacy