Evening Star Newspaper, December 8, 1930, Page 8

RTHE EVENING STAR 4 With Sunday Morning Edition. ! WASHINGTON, D. C. BMONDAY......December 8, 1930 . Editor ' Ly 8t and P m.m""inl:z Ave. % t.. London, | i e o i ays) 60c per month h month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. THEODORE W. NOYES. he Evening ’Sh'r N per Company g qielg‘l’lcmnn ‘Bulldine. ice: 14 Regent giand. Ral Carrier Within the City. B?:':" Star._ . .45¢ per month § Evening and Sindey ‘Siar S Sundare) 65¢ per month St -.5¢ per copy made ot the €nd of eac lers may be sent in by mail or ielephone tional 5000, Maryland and Virginia. Sundsy. ....1yr.. 510,00 All Other States and Canada. E}I and Sunday. l!:.. $12.00: 1 mo., $1.00 Ay AT {1yrl $8.00: 1mol. 73 13r) $5.00i 1mo. S0c ey ntitied o fated Press is exclusively entitle 20 the ‘Uise for Tepublication of &ll Jews dis- atches credited to it or not Otherwise cred- in 50 the local news s of publication of are also 1eserved. o Al i) ial dispatches herein —_— T. 8. Aid to D. C. Schools. One of the traditional “demands to know,” with which the District has a Jong-suffering acquaintance, is the “de- mand to know” why the Federal Gov- ernment should contribute so much as a penny to the support of the District Public Schools. Naturally enough, it has already come up in the fiscal re- Jations hearings and will come up again. Dr. Carusi of the Board of Educa- tion has been quick to furnish a par- tial answer to the question by obtaining from the statistical office at the Frank- lin School some figures that show the amount of tuition-free education given to the sons and daughters of non-tax- paying federally employed parents in #he District Public Schools. Measured in terms of dollars and cents, it amounts to $217,854.82 a year. That would be enough, it is pointed out, to erect a new elementary school building every year or & new junior high school every two years. Federal dollars are not earmarked for tse in District appropriations. It could be argued that the proportionate pay- ment to the schools out of the Federal ‘contribution far exceeds the $217,854.82 Tepresenting the amount of tuition that s furnished free. It could as easily be argued, however, that not a cent of the Federal money goes into the schools, but is used for purposes that are more national in character than are the schools. It would be as easy to con- tend, in other words, that the Federal Government does not contribute a penny to the school system here as it ‘would be to contend that the Federal Government supports the schools to the extent of a twenty to twenty-five per The difficulty encountered by those who seek to earmark Federal dollars and distinguish them from local dollars on the basis of national or local func- tions, however, lles in the difficulty of A theoretical attempt was once made fo separate municipal and national functions in order that control of mu- nicipal functions might be transferred to the people of the municipality, and #t was then discovered how closely interwoven were the national and local lines in the Capital and how difficult, even to the point of impossibility, it was to separate them. If it is impossible to make the separation for the purpose of dividing control, it is likewise impossible for the purposes of dividing financial responsibility. Control and financial re- Sponsibility are inseparably linked. But, returning to the old demand, *“Why should the people of my State contribute to the support of the District Public Schools?” it may be asked with equal emphasis, “Why should the people ©of the District contribute to the support ©f your schools?” The District's con- tribution to Federal income is relatively high. It exceeds the contributions of any one of half the States. And Fed- eral educational subsidies are enor- mous—subsidies in which the District of Columbia does not share. Under the -Smith-Hughes act for promoting voca- tional education, and which is made on the much-abused 50-50 principle, the States between 1918 and 1934 will have Tecelved about $104,000,000 from the Pederal Government. Land grants by the Federal Government to States and territories for the support of common schools exceed 98,000,000 acres; to the States for universis seminaries of learning and normal schools, more than three million acres; for colleges of sgriculture and mechanical arts, agri- eultural experiment stations and co- operative extension work, more than 11,000,000 acres, while appropriations for colleges of agriculture and mechani- cal arts for 1930 exceed $2,500,000. This does not end the list of Federal educational subsidies to the States. It does furnish an enlightening index. A volume cpuld be—in fact, volumes have been—written on the amount of Federal subsidies to the States. The stupendous totals relegate to an ab- surdity the childish quibbling over why the Federal Government should appro- Ppriate for the Federal City which it gov- erns and controls, and render ridicu- lous the grave warnings against “raids” on the Treasury by the voteless but tax- paying residents of the District. — e, Boviet Russia has increased its out- put in various lines, not omitting a Jarge line of expert publicity. B e End of the Play. One of the most dramatic and daringly scene? i The trial of the conspirators in Mos- cow was staged for home consumption before an audience that is none too critical. Such fictitious characters as “Lord Churchill of England” were in- troduced in spirit as representing the forces of capitalism with which the arch villains conspired to throw monkey wrenches into the Five-Year Plan. The long confessions of the conspirators themselves, laboriously read for hours into microphones, detailed the steps that had been taken to wreck the pro- gram and prevent the realization of the millennium toward which the masses of Russian people have been striving with a degree of self sacrifice that passes understanding. The way is being carefully prepared | from the Kremlin to break the news gradually that the Five-Year Plan may not be a five-year plan after all; but a twenty, or a thirty, or a fifty year plan. The trial that has just been completed is one step in preparation. Edwin L. James, the New York Times correspondent for many years in Lon- don, recently returned from Russia with a series of uncensored articles on conditions there that suggest other steps. The plaque before the tomb of Lenin proclaims that “Religion is the ‘The question leveled at the newspapers was direct and specific: “Does your paper favor or oppose ratification of the World Court protocol?” Senators of the United States, who are not unused to letting their ears as- sume a horizontal posture on the po- litical ground, cannot logically fail to heed this subterranean reverberation of popular sentiment. It shows 66.65 per cent favorable and 13.01 opposed, among those who replied. Of editors and publishers who expressed themselves, the majority of pro-court to anti-court sentiment was, in other words, in the ratio of more than five to one. The Senate would have a perfect alibi if it proceeded to approve Uncle Sam’s en- try into the court without further ado and blamed it on the press of the country. There could hardly be any surer guarantee of a “good press” than these referendum figures supply. It is suggested that any attempt to cbtain te action now on the eight- year-old World Court proposal would precipitate a controversy prejudicial to the conduct of the session’s other busi- ness. The menace of a special session, which nearly everybody wants to avoid, is conjured up by opponents of prompt action. If the World Court project were something new, sprung suddenly upon Congress and the American peo- ple, there would be rhyme and reason in protracted discussion of it, and, per- haps, even some justification for a Senate filibuster against it. But it is Optum of the People.” The Soviet has taken away one opiate, substituting another — the Five-Year Plan—in its place. Mr. James believes the people are becoming restless as the effects of the new drug wears off. New injec- tions are needed. The trial of the conspirators against the Five-Year Plan is one; it has furnished tangible scape- goats who explain tangible reasons for | the failure of the bitter medicine that the Russians have been swallowing as a promised cure-all. There will be other and stronger doses. No man can prophesy as to their efficacy. They may produce the deep sleep that is sought, but they may turn the patient into a delirious, raving maniae, intent not only on destroying the medicine, but the doctors as well. B Taxes. Increases in taxation are never popular, no matter how necessary they may be. S:nator Borah's suggestion that an increase in the Federal income taxes be made if the Treasury deficit reaches large proportions falls with a dull and disheartening sound on the public ear. But the Idaho Senator will have accomplished a meritorious end by his suggestion if thereby he is able to constrain leaders of both parties in Congress to be as economical in appro- priating the public money as possible. Mr. Borah has always becn one of those ‘who has stood for economy in govern- mental expenditures. He was one of the strongest backers of former Presi- dent Coolidge in the latter's constant and oft reitcrated demands for “econ- omy” following the World War. Republican and Democratic leaders in Senate and House are critical of the suggestion that an increase in income tax rates be made. Some of th:m at the very moment are intent upon drawing from the Federal Treas- ury large appropriations to be used, it is true, in the effort to relieve unem- ployment or the drought-stricken areas in the farming Stat*s. But these funds taken from the public Treasury must in the end be paid out of the pockets of the American people through taxa- .tion. There is no other source of Gov~ ernment revenue. Sooner or later the taxpayers must foot the bills of the Government. - It behooves the members of Congress, therefore, to scan with the greatest care every proposed appro- priation, no matter how worthy may be its aim, at the present session of Con- gress. The Government’s income, like those of many of the peopje, has dimin- ished because of industrial depression in this country. There is less Govern- ment money, therefore, to spend. President Hoover has warned the Congress in his messages dealing with I“lhe state of the Union” and the budget that appropriations must be cut to the bone in order to avoid a large deficit. It is quite true that Uncle Sam’s credit is still good and that he might easily go into the money market and borrow the money needed to meet the expected deficit at rates of interest. Indeed, this is the suggestion: of some of the members of Congress intent upon making appropriations and at the same time avoiding legislation increasing Fed- eral taxes. The Federal Government can aid the unemployment, situation by giving work on public construction projects. It can relieve the distress in the drought areas by the appropriation of money for seed and feed and for loans to farmers. But there are limits beyond which the Fed- eral Government, under the present circumstances, may not with propriety go. Senator Borah has pointed out that it will not be possible, even if it were wise, to relieve the whole problem of unemployment and distress in this country by taking money out of the Federal Treasury. ‘The suggestion of the Idaho Senator that income taxes be incressed at this time may not have struck a popular note. But Senator Borah has called attention, even if unpleasantly, to the need for the strictest kind of govern- mental economy. . ‘The impulse to relleve distress caused by unemployment is universal. But the “red tape” that promotes delays is in- evitable. e — A World Court Referendum. On the eve of President Hoover's submission of the World Court protocol to the Senate, there has bcen made available the result of an impressive referendum on the question of Amer- ican entry into the intcrnational tri- bunal. The referendum consists of a Nation-wide poll of the country's news- papers, conducted by the American Foundation, an organization which owes its creation and sustenance mainly to the late Edward W. Bok. ‘There is little doubt of the people’s attitude toward American adhesion to the World Court, if the Nation's news- not & new proposal. It is getting to be as old as the hills. It ramifies back into the hoary Harding regime. It pestered Washington throughout five years of the Coolidge administration. Herbert Hoover has been in office near- ly two years, and the issue, like unem- ployment itself, is still with us. Has not the time come, in the in- terest of the Senate’s own reputation as an effclent legislative body, to quit dillying and dallylng with the World Court protocol and dispose of it? The opposition to our adhesion is a noto- riously minority opposition. It should not be permitted indefinitely to thwart the will of the majority of the Senate and the Nation. ——— e Speedy merchant ships that can be used in warfare are advocated. The hope that there will be no further war- fare does nct prevent a realization of the possibility that some nation may get foolish and cause more or less wide- spread trouble. An income tax raise of 2 per cent is favored by Senator Borah, who evident- ly agrees that business will soon be flourishing vigorously and producing profits that will easily take care of in- creased payments to the Government, o Northern Europe is justified in fearing that the person who would blow out the gas in a city hotel has enlarged his endeavors and is working with a labora- tory instead of a single burner. —_— e No session of Congress is so short as to affect the genuine talent for argu- ment that always takes pride in com- manding enough time to impress an audience. R Experimental stations are demanded for television, thus giving the final dfs- couragement to the unscientific person who insisted on believing there was no such thing. — e ‘There have been instances in which a national legislator did not appear really to be flying high in world affairs until after he became a lame duck. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Fashion and Babies. Some of ‘em smile with gentle grace, And some appear with solemn face; But every baby that we see Seems what a baby ought to be. ‘We vary manners and attire. Each passing fashion we admire. But bables greet us, unafrald, The creatures frank that Nature made. As older folk appear in state, Features and forms they decorate. Thank Heaven as through this life we range, The styles in bables never change! Extensively Invited. “I suppose you find yourself invited to go everywhere.” “About everywhere,” answered Sena- tor Sorghum. “Some of my enemies do not limit their invitations to this world, but tell me where to go in the next.” Jud Tunkins says it's a good thing circuses are not in politics. Out his way one of those monster parades could have enough influence to elect almost anybody to office. Accomplishments in Demand. Professor Einst-in leaves us sad. It really seems a bit too bad That when he crossed the briny foam He left his violin at home. We know that he is very wise. We like to hear him theorize, And yet sometime—it may be soon— We'd like to hear him play a tune. The Only Way. “I don’t know how to keep my hus- band away from might clubs.” “Move far morth” answered Miss Cayenne, “at the time of year when it's always daylight in the Arctic Cir- cle.” “If you offer an opinion unask said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “be not surprised if it is regarded as with- out value.” Standards of Beauty. Secrets of beauty rest unknown. A knock-kneed goddess carved in stone In ancient days was stood apart And was considered Real Art. “De reason Santy Claus hides his face wif whiskers,” sald Uncle Eben, “i5 to stop a study of his complexion, | 'cause cullud chillun is interested in Santy, same as anybody else.” Crime Demands Efficiency. Prom the Springfield, Mass., Union. We are told that the picturesque criminal has passed away. Yes, as with papers are a true reflection of public opinion. Ratification of the protocol is definitely favored by 1,357 dally papers and opposed by only 265. everything else, he had to make way for the efficient criminal. Need Jobless Definition. Prom the Sloux Falls Dally Argus-Leader. 1f the figures on employment THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Oollar buttons always have been noted for their abilities. ‘The chief of these is in hiding. A front collar button that can'’t roll under the bed or the dresser or fall down a crack in the floor is no collar button at all. There is no Woe-of-the-Day greater than this to the Man-in-a-Hurry. The trouble, of course, as every wife knows, lies in the man and not in the poor, inoffensive button. A man who will think nothing at all of owning two cars or buying his cigars by the box will never purchase collar buttons except one at a time. ‘Then when The Button rolls away into hiding there is no substitute, no alternate. It is either that button or nothing. And mostly it is nothing, a small lack which gives a most uncomfortable feel- ing around the neck, a sense of inse. curity at the Adl'm‘: :vple. * A man who happened to possess two whole buttons at once had a queer ad- venture last week. It was not momentous, of course, since it involved no one except himself and the button. But for a button it was pretty good. He is willing to wager that no other button in history ever did exactly what his button did. In the first place, it is about a quar- ter of a century old. This old friend is still shiny, still without a flaw in its make-up. Of all the things made by man, few outwear the honest collar button. On account of its long service, 25 full years at his neck, this gentleman had a real affection for the button. Now this is a peculiar thing about collar buttons, that it is only the front button that counts. The back button is not so important. Perhaps it is just another case of out of sight, out of mind. Few men worry about their back buttons, but most have some favorite front button. * K K X Our Washingtonian had been insert- ing that favorite of his between the two buttonholes in the neck band and the two holes in his collar for so many years that the act took on all the solemnity of a rite. No day was begun properly without the button, although mostly he never gave it a thought, but deftly put it into his fresh shirt every morning after the following ordained scheme of things: First through the right-hand neck band buttonhole, .then through the left- hand side, then he snapped the right- hand collar buttonhole over the button, then the left hand. This sounds more complicated than it is. The morning buttoning belongs in that class of automatic, almost uncon- scious acts which we all do every day. It is only when the button rolls out of the band before it is secured that the deed becomes conscious. Then it becomes very conscious, in- deed! * ok ok x ‘The first morning of the two eventful mornings the faithful, long-service but- ton dropped out. Or, rather, it disappeared. Usually one hears the evasive article strike the floor, but this time it made no sound at all. Evidently it had not struck wood. Perhaps it had dropped on the rug. A close search falled to reveal it. The gentleman drcpped on his knees, under the varlous articles of rniture, rolled back rugs, looked into the usual hiding places of his favorite button, for he was onto its tricks. From long experience he knew just about where his button should be hid- ing. But this time the small bit of sha and plated metal “put one over on ,” to use the popular phrase. * ok ok x Carefully our Washingtonian shook his shirt sleeves, felt into the cuffs of his trousers, and examined various other pitfalls where the button might have landed. He could not find it. ‘There was nothing to do, of course, except to haul forth his second button, & poor thing of bone, but a splendid ex- ample of foresight. He congratulated himself noiselessly. Few mien were s0 beforehanded. It was with some pride that he wore his second button, but all through the day his thoughts reverted to his faith- ful old button. It was like losing a dog or something. Poor old Button, for many years it had stood beneath his chin, in all weather, cold or hot. And now it was gone. * k% % He had run for his bus, ramified around town all morning, engaged in the usual daily activities, without stir- ring up the button. But exactly at 11:15 o'clock, as he ‘was standing in the corridor, talking to a friend, he heard a slight clink, and, looking down, there was the Old Button on_the floor! But the next day's venture was even stranger. It does not take the North Pole to make for adventure. The dif- ference is one of degree, that is all. Greeted with cries of joy, the Old Button was carefully placed in a vest pocket, and later exhibited at homs with great pride. e lost was found. Its whereabouts during the day was a mystery into which it would not do to pry too close- ly, else the button might not take it into its head to hide away so snugly the next time. The next morning, just as the button was being put into place, it again dis- appeared. This time caustic comments followed the concealed button. Wide search, both of the room and garments, found it not. Late in the afternoon, when the ‘Washingtonian met his wife downtown, she asked him if he had found the Old Button, “No,” he sald, with a mournful shake of his head. “It is gone this time. This time it is gone for good. “Wouldn't it be queer,” she comment- ed, pointing to his left hand, which he had slightly elevated, “if it should be there in the cuff of your shirt?” And she touched the cuff, and found the button in the fold. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Notre Dame happening to have been the place where this observer wrote first newspaver story—for the Scholastic, campus weekly—he feels the urge, in light of current events, to tell the world that the “Irish” have a lot of other things than their foot ball team to be proud of. In the first place, Notre Dame is French, not Irish. Its corporate and official title is “Notre Dame du Lac” (Our Lady of the Lake), a name derived from the fact that its original site ‘was on a small lake outside of South Bend, near the point where the Indiana and Michigan frontiers meet. Notre Dame was founded in 1842 the efforts of the Bishop of Vincennes, one of the French pioneers who blazed a trail through then widely Indian-inhabited Hoosler realm. At the request of the bishop, Father Edward Sorin came to America with a band of religious teachers from Prance—young priests like himself— and the “University of Notre Dame du Lac” was chartered by the ture of Indiana in 1844. Father 8o and his comrades belonged to the French Order of the Holy Cross (Confregflon Sacre Croix). To this day all Notre Dame priests, brothers and _sisters, attach the Initials "l‘?‘. 'gl C."d r.":l:l l]l;;l: names, althoug! e orde since Americanized and its headquarters established in ';hu‘eo‘un:ry. Father Sorin, in the 50 years since he invaded the Indiana wilds, lived to see Notre Dame w from & log-cabin school for Indians into a first-class university. When that white-bearded patriarch passed from the scene in early nineties Notre Dathe was only ap- proaching its present dimgnsions—a student body of 3,100-odd, a campus of 1,500 acres, over 30 imposing buildings used for university purposes, a dozen Tesidence halls for men, a library of 150,000 volumes, an art collection un- rivaled by that of any other college in America and a faculty of roundly 200, more than half of which is made up of laymen. The university comprises col- leges of arts and letters, science, busi- ness, law, engineering, education, fine arts and journalism. anks to a $250,- 000 gift from Edward N. Hurley of Chi- cago, Notre Dame is about to establish 'Yy E?)lle(e of Foreign and Domestic Com- merce, The university’s mammoth new dining hall, the creation of Ralph Adams Cram of Boston, is conceded to be one of the finest specimens of col- lege architecture anywhere in the world. * ok ok X An all- ve democracy and spirit of mmmu-cwu campus life at Notre Dame. The university is the product of the sweat and prayers of three generations of men and women, who dedicated their lives to its creation, without remuneration except that which springs _from satisfaction in achieve- ment. It is they who constitute Notre Dame’s principal endowment. Rockne foot ball teams personify the self- abnegation that bullt Notre Dame. It has never been a college for rich men's sons. Thousands of its alumni worked their way through it. Two young men who earned their edu- cation at Notre Dame by waiting on table in commons became in turn presi- dents of the university in later life. All creeds and many national origins have always been represented at Notre Dame. Today some 20 per cent of the student body is non-Catholic. Notre Dame's probably greatest alumnus, the late Rev. Dr. John A. Zahm, sclentist and friend of Roosevelt, was of German extraction. He was once vice president of the uni- versity. Notre Dame men rejoice in the prowess of their gridiron , but are prouder still of the less transitory tra- ditions that cling to their alma mater. * kK % Despite the prevalent theory that Senator Dwight W. Morrow, Republican, of New Jersey, is in for a period of " by ~colleagues said to be of his presidential prospects, ‘Lindy's” father-in-law is in fact mere- ly up against the Senate's rigorous rules, That accounts for the ex-diplomat’s failure to be assigned to the blue ribbon Foreign Relations Com- mittee. In 90 per cent of cases, com- i plt are led out on the seniority basis. The general rule is for the Committee Commif on ttees to ask Senators on what particular bodies Ll g igdCo on ‘There'll be two Relations security of faith. From Chicago comes word of an up- to-date wisecrack by Albert D. Lasker, advertising king and former chairman of the United States Shipping Board. He says that what the country is suf- fering from is “overprediction.” * k% % How to pronounce the name of the new Sccretary of Labor is causing some difficulty in Washington. Mr. Doak’s surname is uttered as if it rhymed with “smoke.” It is a monosyllable, and not pronounced, as some are saying it, “Doe-ack.” * ko % Eyes have been raised in Washington over the disclosure before the House Committee on Communism that the War Department sold 400 Army airplane en- gines to Soviet Russia. It appears to be certain that the engines did even- tually find their way to the Moscow military establishment, but they were purchased by an ‘“intermediary” for the Amtorg Trading Corporation (the Soviet buylng agency in New York). Moreover, it is claimed, the engines were nothing but junk, from our War De- partment’s standpoint, such as might have been picked up in almost any country. Two years ago the United States Shipping Board sold a big fleet of cargo boats to an “intermediary” in the knowledge that the vessels were des- tined for Russia. * Ok ko Here's & good one: Col, L. W. Ains- worth of Des Moines, who's just besn appointed agricultural director of the Republican National Committee, was an Al-Smith-for-President farm leader the|in 1928. Ainsworth was at one time intimately associated with George N, Peek and Chester Davis, original spearheads of the McNary-Haugen cru- sade, and was with them in_the farm headquarters set up by the Democrats at Chicago in the Hoover-Smith cam- paign. Col. Alnsworth had special charge of the Towa wing of the ill-fated effort to carry the corn and wheat country for the Democratic ticket. This, at knl.llt. 11:‘ the peditree‘o( the colonel on file quarters at Washington, which claim to know. it (Copyright. 1930.) ——— Scotland Yard Supreme In Solution of Crime From the Atlanta Journal. The report that Britishers are losing faith in Scotland Yard is one which might well have been left unprinted. In the first place we do not believe it. The 's failure to solve out of hand a ew sensational mysteries may have led some to doubt whether modern detec- tives are infallible, as all detectives of the past are conceded to have bee But we cannot belleve that the foun. dations of British alleglance to a ni tlonal institution would suddenly crumple. Furthermore, if the report be true, then consideration for Scof land Yard's universal reputation ought to have restrained admission of the collapse. For Scotland Yard belongs to ro- mance as well as to the King. The members of that great organization owe something to fiction as well as to fact. Modern writers of detective tales have invented a few novelties for their clientele, but they have not been able to improve upon Scotland Yard, The yard inspector is still &°clear favorits when some tfemendous imaginary crime is to be analyzed. To readers of every nation who have come to depend upon the British detective to guide them through the mazes of manufactured mystery, it does not greatly matter that several episodes out of real life remain unexplained on the yard's factual rec- ords. The readers had rather not hear about it. Some insensitive statistician has dis- covered that 17 homicides which have occurred in England during the past five years still, resist Scotland Yard's sagacity. But most of them have oc- curred in within the past year or so, and if those who are disturbed were as wmelg read as they should be, they would know that Scotland Yard never admits defeat, and, in fact, rather pre- fers to postpone victory, An old is s0 much more beguiling than one, and we refuse to doubt that those now pending willibe tri- umphantly {illuminated presently. the meanwhile, let sedition be stamped out, for it threatens an international —————— e Diplomatic Dinner Hint. |Prom the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Tablecloths on which maps are em- become a fad in Paris. t not take so well FTFLITER ary during the present X question arises whether, with the eommittee’s report in hand, an effort will be made to declare the Penn- sylvanian’s seat vacant. 4 and Francis Shunk Brown, the unsuc- cessful candidate of the Vare Philadel- phia Republican organization for Gov- ernor, An effort is being made by those unfriendly to Davis to show that the Senator was the beneficiary of half of this money expended in the primary, if not more. By so doing they believe they can place Senators who voted for the exclusion of “Bill” Vare and Frank Smith, Senators-elect from Pennsylvania and Illinois in 1926, be- cause of large expenditures in their primary campaigns, in an uncomfortable position if they now support Davis, * K ok X But these would-be trouble makers overlook several circumstances when they seek to compare the Vare and Smith electlons with that of Davis, Vare, the boss of the Philadelphia or- ganization, was the real beneficiary of the $780,000 put up in the 1926 cam- paign for the Vare-Beidleman ticket. Beidleman was the organization’s candi- date for Governor, it is true, But there was talk of trading Beidleman off in order to win for Vare, if it became nec- essary during that campalgn. No one ever suggested that Vare would be traded off for Beidleman's sake. Further- more, it was brought out by the Senate <dnvestigating Committee in 1926 that Vare spent something like $100,000 of his own money in this primary cam- EMUIL In the case of Frank Smith of linois, who defeated the late Senator McKinley in the primary in 1926, it turned out that more than $125,000 was contributed to his campaign fund by public utility magnates, among them Samuel Insull, although Smith was at the time head of the Public Utilities Commission of the State. In addition, the $300,000 ex) in that cam- was for Smith’s candidacy and not for a “ticket.” * ko ox As for Senator Davis, no one sug- gested that Brown was to be traded off in the primary for the benefit of Dawis. Brown was the prize pet of the Vare organization—its candidate for Gov- ernor—in the 1930 Yflmll’y. Any one Wwho was in Pennsylvania at the time of the close of that campaign will re- member the constant rumors that Davis was to be traded off in the interests of Brown. As a matter of fact, the Vare organization in Philadelphia “went through” for Davis and there was no trading off. But it was apparent that the organization was in the fight to nominate the Governor primarily. The large expenditures were for that pur- pose. And this fact has been ham- mered home in_the minds of many of the Senators. Davis himself contribut- ed about $10,000 to his own campaign. * X % X “Jimmy” Davis carries in his pocket an American Federation union card. Not many Senafors of the United States have had the same distinction. He has been Secretary of Labor for a decade. It was his strength with organized labor in Pennsylvania that had a great deal to do with his rolling up a big lead on Joseph R. Gi 3 mlglmnre manu- facturer, his opponent in the primary, la)x;d in 315 trememcicut lead ko;ar'tllh 'mocratic opponent, Sedgwic ler, in the general election. All these arg facts which are known to the Senators. ‘There are those in the Senate who voted a few days ago to halt Davis from tak- ing the oath of office until the Senate committee had time to make a fuller report who say that it is a mistake to interpret their votes on that occasion as }Ju:m‘: them up against the seating of . z All kinds of rumors, some of them without foundation, have been started by Davis’ opponents in their efforts to prevent Senator Davis from taking his seat and from keepirg it now that he is “in.” The Pennsylvania el laws provide for the payment of watch- ers and workers at the polls on election days. It is a big State and the pay- ment of these workers runs into big figures in any election in which there is much interest. It has been charged that this is just another way of buying votes. That may be. If so, it is a fault of the State law and should be cor- rected by the State. The Senate can- not, perhaps unfortunately, make the election laws for Pennsylvania. That is & matter reserved so far to the States. * K ok ok Senator James Hamilton Lewis, or rather Senator-elect, out in Illinols has enunciated a doctrine that will fall harshly on the ears of some of his prospective Democratic colleagues in the Upper House. He asserts that opposition party has no good right to oppose the measures intended by a President of the United States to carry into effect the policies of the President merely because the Chief Executive be- longs to another political party, To quote from Senator Lewis: “TWO reasons «re apparent. One is that as public servants (the members of Congress) they owe it to the public in order to give them the best chance to secure what they seck. The other is that to obstruct President in car- Tying out policies and then charge him with failure to execute them is a form of hypocrisy, trickery and deceit.” * XK % It looks as though the ator-elect nois Sen- ht be one of e Demo- 11 follow the lead of the ig Seven” in their pronouncement that henceforth the Democratic party is mot to be considered merely a party of obstruction. The more partisan among the Democratic Senators have been at | 5ion pains recently to denounce any co- operation with the Republican admin- istration, no matter what the purpose. They have been criticized on the ground that their attitude has been that the only real excuse for the Demo- cratic party is to fight the Republicans. Mr. Lewls takes the strange view that measures are to be passed upon on their merits, not merely on the question, Did they originate in the hands of Repub- licans or Democrats? His remarks might be construed as hitting at Re- publicans as well as Democrats. There are plenty of G. O. P. members who discard measures advanced by Demo- crats because of the source from which they come. * ok ok ok ‘When the new reapportionment of the House was announced by the Presi- dent not long ago, in accordance with the census of 1930 and the new law, there was a howl from Representatives of a number of the States, which will lose a total of 27 u:n.s lnbon;e‘hfloue. If anything is to be done abou e new apportionment with a view to halting these losses, it must be done before March 4. Thé time is brief. Up in Vermont, where the House delegation of two is to be reduced to one member, the idea has been gdvanced that no State in the Union should have less than two members of the House. Why, say the Vermonters, should a State have two Senators l::d fl;m{h 1.:“ Rfin‘eflmnhfige? wan! g o . PFive but one member of the the | the aspiration to obtain any office ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. ‘Washington, D. C. This valuable service is for the free use of the pub- lie. Ask any question of fact you may want to know, and will get an im- mediate :‘zl\y. Write plainly, inclose 2 cents in coin or stamps for return post- age and address The Evening Star In- formation Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washington, D, C. Q. Has contract bridge become lvlvmedw in methods of play as auction?— A. By no means. Contract is still in its Inhncg. ‘While the general rules will probably have little revision, meth- ods and counts for b will prob- ably be, amended or simpl as the expert bridge &hyen complle results of lnml ds of hands actu- play. the study of ally observed Q. When do fresh almonds, walnuts and pecans come on ket?—E. L. A. The almonds are harvested the latter part of August and the first of September. Peanuts are harvested in September; walnuts and pecans the last of October and the first of November. Q. How should a paper pattern be shortened for a small person?—T. L. B. A. Fold a tuck in it half way be- tween the armseye and the walstline, and another tuck half way between the walstline and the bottom. In eut- Iting, straighten the seamlines as nec- essary. If a shorter sleeve is required than that of the pattern, take tucks half way between the elbow and arms- eye and half way between the elbow and wrist, so that the elbow always re- mains in the correct position. Q. Has more than one President lacked a plurality of the popular vote? —J. H. H. A. There have been two such_ in- stances, Rutherford B. Hayes and Ben- jamin Harrison. Q. Who played "Lovey Mary” in the original production of “Mrs. Wiggs of the Cabbage Patch”?—A. 5. D. A. Mabel Tallaferro. Q. Are homicide and murder one and the same?—S. L. A. Homicide is a broader term. It signifies the killing of one another, lawful homicide. . Who said “A single breaker may recede but the tide is evidently coming in"?7—A, C. A. Macaulay wrote this in 1830 dur- ing a period of stress in England. Q. How does Washington, D. C., rank in population according to the new census?—H. W. A. Washington is still fourteenth in K:vulnuon among American cities, but e District of Columbia has moved up one place in rank among the States. It is now forty-first in rank, having passed New Hampshire in the decade since the last census. LQIE ‘What was the Simon Report?— A. It was the findings of a survey by a commission sent by George of England to India to investigate condi- tions in that count:y and to advise a plan for the better government of the country, looking ernment of India as an autonomous anuts, e mar- President the right Hoover’s ref to Pt fusal to recognise of Labor to have continuous represen- tation at the head of the Department of Labor in the Federal Government is ved in public comments on the controversy. It is held, as stated by the President, that a cabinet position should be filled without any restriction on the field of selection. Willlam N. Rt o0, iy R ga 3 eld by & of the public to bz qualified for the post. “President Hoover plainly selected Mr. Doak for his persinal record and qualities rather than bscause he rep- resented & jparticular .;oup in the labor movement,” says the New York Herald Tribune, with the contention that “It is not the American tradition, and it should not be to select cabinet members as representatives of particular organi- zations.” The Chicago Dally News adds its opinion: “President Green of the American Federation of Labor threat- ens to fight the nomination when it comes before the Senate. show that Mr. Doak is personally un- worthy of the post, his fight ought to succeed. If he cannot, the Senate should not be swayed by his protests,” Quoting the President’s statement that “he cannot ‘consent to the prin- ciple of debarment of the railway em- ployes, or other labor unions or as- sociations, or any labor man in United States from the opportunit; l'::l .) Eve- Green land,’” the Charleston (8. C. ning Post concludes: “Mr. has put his great organization in a hopelessly wrong attitude before the American people. Mr. Hoover has re- asserted the American doctrin The Lincoln State Journal declares: “For a time people were not sure whether it was President Green or President Hoover who was selecting a successor to ‘Puddler Jim’ Davis. Hoover won ‘in &? end—that is, unless the Senate “'A Secretary of Labor capable of tak- ing an economic, rather than a political, view of labor and its problems is needed there. If Mr. Doak happens to fill that bill, fine,” thinks the Dayton Daily News. The Akron Beacon Journal argues: “This quarrel in the ranks is hardly likely to promote the influence of labor in the cabinet. But for once the incident shows that President Hoover has revealed a talent for deci- Doak was his supporter in_ the Doak litical 1928 campaign. Green was not. comes from a section whose friendship the President has been at much pains to win. The country will Judge the new Secretary by the way he administers his official dutjes. Now that weil'ta Jon"with. i In AKIRG gocd wel oin Wi m good, ;Lther than putting obstructions in way.” “The honor tendered Dr. Doak,” in the judgment of the Philadelphia Eve- ning Bulletin, “is a distinct recognition of organized labor in the United States, in no whit less than if an official of the American Federation of Labor had been named to the post. If it has the ap- pearance in any way of being inimical or in any way uncomfortable for the A. F. of L, it is merely because the of- ficials of the federation have been too jealous of their own interest in assert- ing their right to dictate to the Presi- dent in this matter of Nation-wide in- terest and concern.” Emphasizing the fact that “if Mr. Doak is confirmed, he will be the second Virginian in the cabi three-quarters of .a century, Roanoke World-News states as to the effect of the appointment: “That an official of the rail brotherhoods should come into office as Secretary of Labor Just at the time those brotherhoods cratic nominee for President. Gov, Roosevelt, who has gone to Warm Springs, Ga,, for several years in an effort to his_health, made n | H nd . Vi it will Join o.hhllln m whlcm have only one member of Gov. n ] alth, @ host of ds in that State, During his in the F e p ch he de- t if and When the eight- to ultimate self-gov- | pear he can|sas the | be the advocate or o part of the British Em; The com- ml-wnvnhemzdbym.vohnlm Q. How much land did Washington own at the time of the Revolutionary War?—M. G. A. He owned approximately 40,000 acres in detached areas, mostly in the Ohlo Valley, besides the Mount Vernon estate, which embraced 8,000 acres, more or less. Q. Is it true well in the A. The t hens seldom lay Winter?—A, C. Y. Poultry Item says: “The passing of this myth is what has made poultry culture one of the leading in- dustries of the world. Take the Win- ter egg cror away and this mighty in- dustry would fall to the ground in one year.' It was discovered half a century ago that if hens are kept out of the snow and in other ways duly protected against the rigors of Winter they wiil lay eggs at 40 below zero as certainly as at 90 in the shade. This is the basis of all profits in poultry culture.” Q. Have you'any record of extraordi- nary_increases in realty values during the Florida land boom?—8, W. T. A In the reminiscences of the late C. W. Barron, published under the title, “They Told Barron.” there is such & record. According to it, C. W. Bing- ham bought a tract of 2,873 feet front- age near Palm Beach in 1896 at $4.65 per front foot. In 1915 he sold part of it at $27.50 a foot. In 1017 Paris Singer bought another part of the Bing- ham tract at $90 a foot and sold it to Dr. W. L. Kingsley the next year at $160 & front foot. Mrs, Horace Dodge bought part of that in 1924 at $888 a {ront foot and sold it to speculators the rollowlnfl year at $3,300 a front foot. They falled and Mrs. Dodge resold the property at $1,400 a front foot. At the maximum sale price of $3,300 this was an increase of more than 700 times the first sale price, Q. How much money was spent last year by the Government for pencils lnx paper?—F. li Mcoi e 3 . The general supply office J Treasury states that $1,362,880.04 %, :gent Inul;:o. Il;wl.l year, for all ¢ ings nells, erasers, paper, - ers, stationery, etc. Q. Are Chinese témples older than l'txpmn anu?;b.lup 'mples are rarely very bullt orp wood, they hn’v' not old.'Bclnf. person by | had the lasting qualities of marble and Murder is intentional and un- | granite, o 1. Please explain about Lincoln Inn M. L. R. A. Lincoln Inn is one of the four great guilds or socleties of lawyers in !:nfl-nd known as “inns of court,” which enjoy the exclusive power of calling persons to the bar, Fz" derives its name the fact that the groups of bulldings in London occupled by it belonged to the Earl of Lincoln in the reign of Edward II. It became an of court soon after his death, in 1310, Q. How many congressional medals have been awarded to World War par- e B 111 congmn 9 a 823 1 Medals of Honor awarded, 23 c been lssued to World War vmnn-.h" Q. Can you give me that N twister” about Peter, the 1 or? S AL o A. ‘“Peter 8ly pear-picker, pric m"'..'- Hoover Has Strong Support In Selection of Labor Head - are launching their fight for a day—a move that, to be . nu!re. congressional revision e law—may be no little importance. issue, but conditi oo it move President Hoover has as yet made with regard to .his own - renomination in 1932 * ok ok K uom head ho.r th; American n_“must_have deserved the rebuke Which the President has meted ?ll‘ to him,” concludes the Jersey City Journal, While the Baltimore Sun warns Presi- dent Green that he “should take care lest he create for Mr. Hoover #he same sort of set-up which was the making of Calvin Cool ,” and the Lexington Leader holds that Mr. Hoover has shown his courage and his deep sense of responsibility.” The Little Rock Arkan- Siple e Horth by e’ Prasiset 2k o1 y ident “ appeal to the public as more t than precedent.” The San tonio g&e‘r n:&zdvel mth-t “the Senate ly ratity the 3 Hoo_l\!;; hB‘:c l‘.l: du'l{." SRS % Tetary of Labor,” contends the Indianapolis Star, “l: not named to spokesman of Tganization, but to be representative of the interests of labor in general and to have a Aymmtheuc understanding of its needs. The Secretary of War is not & soldier, the Secretary of the Navy is not a salor, the Secretary of Agricul- ture is not a farmer, but all have had, experience and knowledge that qualify them to be able heads of their depart- ments, Mr. Doak, who is satisfactory to the President, undoubtedly will be & g‘u:‘:lftory successor to Secretary ““The President's show of independence and courage,” thinks the Blrmmmlhm News, “cannot but commend itself to the country as a whole. Mr. Green, well-meaning as he no doubt is, has no right to dictate cabinet appoint- ments. He, as the head of the A, F. of L., may offer recommendations on ap- pointments having to do with labor and may present organized labor's side of any legislative question that arises. But 1t does not follow that his recommenda- tlons on appointments or views on legis- lation must be accepted by the Presi- dent or by Congress as a matter of course. It is not only the President’s privilege but his duty to exercise his own judgment in such matters after ampaign News-Gazette asserts that the President “exhibited executive ability of the highest character,” and “set an mm¥ls for every public offi- clal”—one which “will resuit in more Tepresentative government than the itry been used to in the past.” Federa- Aviation Industries Feel No Depression From the Pasadens Star-News, ‘There is no depression in air trans- port industries and development. Quite the contrary, Thirty million dollars, it is authoritatively stated, will be ex- pended during 1931 for establishment and improvement of airports in cities of California, the Middle West and the th, Plans and projects for present have a great airport cos! the same amount as that at New ormklnl. amendment is repapled, as he advogates, there must be 1 return of | trans; s cheered ] y >