Evening Star Newspaper, November 23, 1930, Page 34

2 {THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY.....November 23, 1930 THEODORE W. NOYES, ... Editor oo P A A R The Evening Star Newspaper Commpany Business Office: St and Pennsylvania Ave. ork Office: 111 cillt d glllc 0 Of H J in Buil uropean loe._ 14 Ref St. London. Englan Rato by Carrler Within the Clty. Be Benlny ant"sinaey siaitevo | (when 4 Sundeys) .. .. ..60c per month | The Evening and Sunday Star . en 5 Hundass) 66¢ per month 5S¢ per copy O esch month. 5 mall o Teiehone NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail--Payable in Advance. Maryland and Vi Pk { n Fux Say S inday only Member of the Associated Press. ffhl Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all 8 Gl el Rl o el e & ‘publish erein. All right: licati s, s tnind Public Debt and Taxes. Back in 1919 Congress committed the Natlon to a definite policy of paying for the war on the installment plan. Confronted with a huge public debt, the annual interest on which exceeded by more than half a billion dollars the entire cost of running the Government in 1916, the last pre-war year, Con- gress enacted legislation for annual payments to a sinking fund that would pay off the debt within a period of twenty-five years. The foreign debt payments, applied to the public debt, would of ocourse speed up the process. As Secretary of the Treasury, Carter Glass summed up a long statement on the sinking fund legislation with the conclusion that “Whatever may be necedsary in the future financing of the Government, nothing must be per- mitted to interfere with the effective operation of the cumulative sinking fund and the consequent gradual re- tirement of the war debt.” In 1924 Secretary Mellon, pointing out the wisdom of the cumulative sink- ing fund and the resulting policy of consistent public debt retirement, com- pared the nation that does not system- atically pay its debis to an individual guilty of the same sort of neglect. “It is a sign of debility,” he said, “and denotes the absence of essential vigor and foresight. The public debt is a of paying off this mortgage it is bound to become more and more burdensome as time goes on. Debt reduction, in fact, is the best method of bringing about tax reduction. Aside from gradual refunding at lower rates of interest, it is the only method of reducing the beavy annual interest charges.” Next year the interest alone on the public debt is computed at $619,000,000. The administration has consistently It 1 per be much more unpopular. Hard times become a politically eloquent argument for tax reduction, despite the fact that it is prosperity that makes tax reduc- tion possible. With the Government several billion dollars ahead of its normal program for public debt retire- ment there is an enticing ring to the plea that instead of failing to continue tax reduction, the payment due next year of some $395,000,000 to the sinking fund be skipped. But to continue tax reduction on that basis would be to delude the taxpayer into a false impression of having saved something. It would emphasize the benefits of tax reduction by failing to emphasize the duty and importance of debt reduction. In 1922, after a year of post-war depression, the Government took & $600 tax from & single man with an income of $10,000. The comparable tax next March, withcut the 1 per cent reduction, would be $191.88, which in- dicates the extent of sound tax reduc- gion already accomplished. The tax will fall due in a year that is generally regarded now as signaling the end of the depression. It will not be taken from those who have been so adversely sffected by depression that an increase of 1 per cent over current taxes will be excessive. It will come from the relatively small proportion of individuals who pay income taxes and %0 whom the depression has meant least, and, generally speaking, from cor- porations as able to pay 12 per cent on taxable income next March as they were mble to pay 11 per cent last March. If an emergency—not now existent— faces the country when Congress meets snd demands suspension or reduction of sinking fund payments, the money thereby becoming avsilable should be wused in public works or other methods ©f relief for those who have suffered most. It should not be used to continue @ tax reduction that in the first place resulted from a fat ‘Treasury balance and not from cries for relief from lean | taxpayers. No temporary depression | should endanger so sound a financial policy as regular and progressive debt Freduction. —_———— Red documents, when unearthed, are often found to have faded out to a surprising degree. Budgetary Systems. ‘The Preparatory Disarmament Com- Mnission of the League of Nations, with which this country has been co-op- erating in the prepuration of plans for a general disarmsment conference of the nations of the world, has ac- cepted a h proposal for. the limit~ of expenditures—the #0- hudgetary methiod, The action ‘to the amounts specified for these na- of the commission was taken, however, of the opposition of the repre- tatives of the United States, France and Japan. ‘The method advanced by the British accepted by a considerable ma-; mty of the nations represented on the preparatory commission would Ifmit the expenditures of contracting nations for naval forces in each year tions in the proposed disarmament treaty. ‘The preparatory commission already had agreed to adopt such aj method for land armament limitation. The British take the position that if only “quantity” of naval vessels is limited by treaty there will arise a “quality” competition which will be dangerous to future peace. This is a fine distinction to which the United States is not prepared to ‘lm at this time. It is quite obvious that, under conditions prevailing in this country and abroad, it would cost America far more to build a cruiser, for example, than it would cost Britain, Japan or France. Nor is the United States at present willing to give up the right to improve upon the types of warships, through better construction. " | With France and Japan both agreeing with the United States in regard to the budg:tary method for limiting expend- itures for naval forces, it does not appear that in the end the system can be adopted by the General Disarma- ment Conference when that body gets together. The British quite frankly say as much. But they are intent upon getting the advantages, as they see them, of the proposed plan before the world so that public opinion may be influenced in its favor. Apparently it is the purpose of those supporting the budgetary method to have a certain sum of money fixed for each nation to be expended in any given year on naval forces. It may have no real relation to the entire governmental budget of the nation. For example, the limit for naval expend- itures assigned to the United States may be s very small percentage of the total governmental budget as com- pared to the limit set for the French naval expenditures, when the latter is compared to the total French govern- mental budget. Here again the system does not appear to be entirely fair to the United States. ‘The fact that the Preparatory Com- mission has been able to complete its consideration of the naval chapter is, however, an encouraging sign, despite the differences which have arisen over the budgetary method for naval ex- penditures. The whole is to be thrown chances for ultimate success in the general conference are said to be increasing. Low Electric Rates. Ancther reduction in electric rates for the year beginning in January is now in prospect and the indications are that the new rate will be one of the lowest, if not the lowest, in the United States. Since the consent de- ‘which the electric light com- “divided” with the public its ts in excess of seven and one-half cent on an agreed valuation, the of the company have mounted and the public has been bene- the extent of annual reduction ‘The price of electricity in ‘Washington is low. Nobody will debate Criticism of the present pol- on the assumption that not low enough. that the public and the company have both benefited by the policy carried out under the consent and that both public and company probably will continue to benefit, the Public Utllities Commis- sion would only be doing its duty in undertaking a thorough investigation cize the policy. Such contentions are based on the fact that while the com- pany in effect “divides” its profits with the public, it in reality keeps every penny of the excess profits. The con- cession it makes to the public as a re- sult of earnings far in excess of the seven and a half per cent during the year 1930 is to reduce the rates during 1931. But all of the profits for 1930 are retained, and if history repeats itself, the company in 1931 will again be able to exceed the seven and a half per cent, even with the lower rates. Again, there are those who find fault with the valuation now in effect and who claim that it is excessive. If there is any ground for this criticism, the Public Utilities Commission should not leave the matter in doubt. There is also the question of the low rates for power sold by the electric light com- pany to its brother, the street car com- pany, which in turn sells the power again to other street car lines and takes a profit. If the electric light company sells the power at below cost, the elec- tric light users naturally pay the dif- ference. If it sold the power at cost, or at a figure that would mean a profit, the street car riders would naturally be taxed to pay for it. The whole point is that the Pyblic Utllities Commission and the public must not form opinions as to the fair- ness of the rates now charged for elec- tricity entirely on the basis of the fact that the rates are extremely low. They might still be too high. The present Public Utilities Commis- sion inherited the consent decree ar- rangement. But it would be perform- ing a public service by re-examining it in all its aspects and, after making allowances for the undoubted value re- sulting from an arrangement that re- wards the company for efficlent man- agement and methods, state whether the public, at the same time, is, in the commission’s opinion, reaping its due share of the profits. ———— The Governor-elect of Florida suffering from a slight touch of ptomaine polsoning. Something from California that he ate, doubtless. ) Shadeless Chapeaux. Males are prone to criticize the op- posite sex for “slavishly” following fashions. There is & good bit of truth in this; there is also truth in woman's assertion that men, as far as styles are concerned, are & rare combination of conservatism and timidity. But the point is that when “Mr.” finds fault with “Mrs.” for purchasing and wear- ing some entirely unsuitable or unbe- coming article of attire. She sometimes cannot be entirely blamed. Por example, take the tiny felt hats which “adorn” the feminine head this seescn. They have gradusted from & THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, front brim 80 protruding, slanting and | overshadowing that an acquaintance had to stoop and peer under it to be certain of the wearer, to no brim at all, except for a flange in the rear, and sometimes on one side. And the curious thing about it is that, according to available testimony, the wearers do not like them any better than do their hus- bands, fathers, brothers and boy friends. ‘They simply cannot buy, they declare, anything else. They realize perfectly i that such a hat gives them a queer, “high-browed” appearance which is as startling as it is unbecoming; that their eyes are unprotected from the glare of the sun or the beat of raindrops. Some women are brave enough to wear hats of an older vintage and thus enjoy a certain amount of comfort, but the fact that most of them go about with the appearance of a base ball back- stop who has reversed his cap in order to don his mask is due, so far as can be learned, entirely to the whim of hat manufacturers. These, in order to make sales, perpetrate such drastic and un- happy changes as have been noted this season. When a girl finds it possible to buy only one sort of headgear—few of them are able to have hats made to order—then, perforce, she must buy it and make the best of it. This domiueering trick of the manufacturers may possibly be good for business de- pression, although the past has proven that the ladies will buy new hats an- nually as a rule, but it is no good from the standpoint of beauty, comfort or common sense. Some day the fairer sex will rise in its might—and mighty it is—and assert itself against such dominion, and it is thought that the designers and makers will need one les- son and one only. — e Venice has just held her 299th special religlous ceremony in celebration of the freedom of the city from the great plague of the Middle Ages. All this pageantry costs her a good deal. A similar celebration in Oberammergau, held less often, is different; there, like the modern collegiate foot ball stadium, the observance more than squares up everything municipally and personally for some time to come. —— oo A Scotsman celebrated his tenth wed- ding anniversary by reducing the rents of all his tenant farmers ten per cent. Fine; but that sort of farm relief must of necessity be far too infrequent over here. And, besides, the automobile, talking machine and radio people are inexorable in their demands for pay- ment. —— et An English National Committee has been organized to raise a quarter of a million dollars to save a portion of the Field of Bannockburn, near Stirling, in Scotland, from the encroachments of subdivision builders. Who says the English are poor losers? They will be buying up Saratoga and Kings Moun- tain next. e The Australian W. C. T. U. has gone on record as opposing barmaids in sa- loons. Those who have visited British and other dominions where the bar- maid flourishes in all her glory have found that, as a rule, she is a deterrent rather than an impulse to stimulation. —_— Overenthusiastic Ohio State foot ball “rooters” battled with the ushers in a big Columbus movie house. The result is not known because the manager did not care to take the fuss to court, but if discipline counted for anything, the ushers must have won. ———————— ‘The cashier of a New South Wales suburban bank single-handed beat off an attack by bandits with his trusty pistol. It is getting so that these days cashiers must not only be square shooters, but straight shooters. ————————— Of course, the springs came first, but Hiram Ricker, recently deceased at Poland Springs, Me., was a worthy sec- ond in making that pleasant resort a national landmark. e The gold braid to be on view in New York December 13, if unraveled and spliced, would reach from here to our next war. ——— e SHOOTING STARS. BY PKILANDER JOHNSON. Salutations. Other folks are on the way To replace the friends Who depart from day to day. So each story ends With a smile for faces new, Also with a sigh, While we're saying “Howdy do!" And bidding friends “Good-by.” Blossoms fade and sunshine dies, Other blooms grow fair; Other days illume the skies With a radiance rare. So we plod the season through, Laughter and a sigh Mingling in the “Howdy dol” Linked with a “Good-by.” Applying a Slogan. “What s your idea for dealing with disorderly and undesirable aliens?” “Same idea,” replied Senator Sor- ghum, “as that of the post office for the benefit of holiday conditions: ‘Ship Early.” Resourceful. “Don’t you think that women are as capable of making laws as men?” ““More s0,” replied Mr. Chuggins. “Give a woman an automobile and she’ll make up her o traffic regula- tions as she goes along.” Thanksgiving Hint. Things are not as they used to be. 'Tis better so by far, For if they were that way, you see, ‘They'd not be as they are. And since at present things appear To have some need of us, Let’s contemplate them with good cheer, Rejoiced that they are thus. “Experience,” says Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “is & great teacher, but her classes are largely made up of peo- ple who had to stay after school for not passing the common-sense examina- tion.” A Classic Confession. Diogenes remarked, “Ah, me, On earth there is no honest elf, For, to speak truthfully and free, I'm something of a bluff myself!” “You can't de lazy’ man,” sald Uncle Eben. “When de wea he says he can't work, an fine he says its a shame enjoy it.” ] bad s to D. C., NOVEMBER 23, GUARDING 7HE TREASURE BY THE RIGHT BZV- JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D, LL. D, Bishop of Washington. Text: “What heve they seen in thine house?”—II Kings, zz.15. they regard as most dear to them. it is jewels, every precaution is taken to protect them from loss. If it is securities of one kind and another, we employ & deposit box in a recurity company for their safe keeping. If it is property, we guarantee to ourselves its value by a policy of insurance. As we survey the whole field of our life we discover that we guard our treasures b; means and methods that are uni versally recognized. There is one treasure that transcends all others, a treasure that all too frequently we fail to properly safeguard and protect: that treasure consists of the children of our household. It is only when some grave malady attacks one of them that we use every means within our power to bring that which shall heal and restore the life that is so precious to us. Every now and again some parent comes to us with a story that is tragic in the extreme and made the more tragic because a situation has arisen ( that might have been readily prevented 1 had the proper and reasonalle pre- cautions been taken. Today we are realizing as we have not for years that, what we call our assets, our re- sources, have been seriously impaired. Doubtless every one has made every effort to save assets becoming lia- bilities. We had so magnified our ma- terial that we came w think of them as the chiefest of our treasures. They overshadowed everything else. 1t may be that the present critical sita- tion has come to us in order to once again focus our minds upon that which really constitutes our chief and most precious treasure. It may be that America, like other nations of the world, is being compelled to reappraise her treasures and that presently we shall emerge from a threatening situa- tion, that involves material things, with a new vision of the value of those things that constitute our finest assets. In our saner moments we are compelled to reckon with those more vital inter- ests that lie closest to our hearths and to our hearthstones. Recently a message broadcast from the Cathedral pulpit, bearing upon home life and home interests, brougnt to our desk a remarkable letter fron a leader in the commercial world, who had received the message while lying sick in a hospital. The message car- ried him back in thought to the days of his early life and brought to mem- ory a letter that his Quaker father had written him while a student in a university. This highly conscientious father, prominent in public life, with a proper sense of his responsibility, said to his son, among other things: “My son, tn all things let the eternal rule of right be thy guide. Do nothing that thy consclence does not approve. In all thy dealings with thy fellow men act honorably. Let thy language in conversation be chaste and elegant. Keep thy mind clean and sweet. Cul- tivate ennobling thoughts and emulate the example of the good. In all things 80 live that when thee lies down at night no stinging conscience will dis- turb thy sleep.” These are but frag- ments from a notable letter, but they illustrate a kind of parental affection and interest all tco rare in our day and generation. This father had & realizing sense of what constituted one of the chief values in his possession and he sought to safeguard the treas- uge, not_only by precept, but by ex- ample. More important than the lofty office he held and the honors that accompanied it, more important than all his accumulations, was the physical, moral and spiritual well-being of son. To d this treasure meant more to him than all else. If in the present world situation we can be compelled more and mcre to give consideration to the deep con- cerns of our own household, if we can be made to realize that our primary obligation lles within its sacred pre- cincts, we shall rise from our present confusion and embarrassment a better, stabler and stronger people. Composite Figure Is Created To Give Legislators’ Views BY WILLIAM HARD. Occasions arise when it would be positively indecent to make direct quo- tations from certain statesmen or to paint direct specific individual character sketches of them. Their communica- tions to correspondents on such occa- sions are often of the highest interest, as in this emergency of profound busi- ness orisis; but they are not for repeti- tion to the public in quotation marks or with attribution to any one source. Moreover, they often have a meaning which the speaker himself does not put entirely into words and which, there- fore, ethically could not be credited—or debited—to him as his expressed senti- ment. In such circumstances the reporter feels the need of inventing s composite character out of whose mouth there could issue, without individual identi- fication, the remarks which in essence he has heard from numerous political dignitaries, but which he can tie by name to none. If, for instance, some 50 or 60 Senators and Representatives of a certain school of current political thought could be combined into an anonymous mechanism, and if the in- stinctive unrestrained outpourings of that mechanism could be recorded on a telegraph tape, the resulting dispatch would read about as follows: ‘Washington, D. C. Hon. Mee Two, head of the ditto bloc in the ap- proaching Congress, declared today: “T vigorously repudiate the suggestion that the Congress at this time should interfere with the business of the country. 5 fiva no idea in the world how I should vote on fhe motor bus bill Some motor busses want one thing. Other motor busses want another. A Jot of railroad cars want & third. How can 1 be supposed to be able to regulate things when the things themselves won't ? “‘rh\:';“luneemmt exists all the time in everything and it always distracts me, but I can see my way around it this time. I welcome the de?rmlon. 1 mean the depression certainly has its 2 %dety anybody to ask the now what “I def 1 think :bo\ll the bus bill. I think the Congress should go home and give the country a chance to get over the de- ression. “If it were mot for the depression, I might have to make up my mind also about the consolidation of railroads. That is & dist subject. The rail- roads feel very ly about it. So does Senator Couzens. I intensely dislike all subjects on which people feel ly. You have to take sides about them. I think that in this_emergency there should be no sides. I am told that the railroads are ering because of the indecisiveness and doubtfulness of the consolidation situation. They are not suffering & tenth as much as I would suffer if I had to vote on it. I claim that what the country needs is legislative . “1 note &e:fi.he copper mining com- anies say that they are & bad fix. f they keep on producing all the copper that they can produce, they will drive the price of copper down to nothing. | If, on the other hand, they agree to produce less than they can produce, Attorney General Mitchell will probably put them in jail. They want us here on Capitol Hill to pass some sort of new law about it. They claim that otherwise they cannot get back to s, “I denounce them as disturbers of the country’s serenity. They do not seem really to realize that we are in a depression. A depression is the one time when & Congressman has a water- tight alibl for absolutely not knowing what to do next. I claim my alibi. I get it only once in about every 10 ears. I have a right to have it when t comes around. All the rest of the time I have to earn my llvlns by vllplng the sweat off my brow for fear that may offend more people than I please on hundreds of roll calls each session. The ideal is no roll calls at all. Any- body who wants any roll call at this time is an enemy to the public good— I mean, to the good of public men. “The fact is that there are about 40 big problems that we would have had to finish off with roll-call votes two sessions ago if we had not been sble to duck them by talking about prohibition and bolshevism and the preservation of wild game life. The depression is worth all those other excuses all put together. I hope to be able to persuede my constituents, how- ever, that they should extend their ideas about.depressions to include all “We should have no roll calls in prosperity, because then we are pros- perous and we need no help, and, of course, we should have no roll calls during depressions because then we are of not prosperous and might hurt. In fact, you may say for me that the present economic circum- stances of the eoun'fllflve me a great I k I am en'm mi in | other times, too. new leg deal of cheer. way to devising a plan which will isty my constituents that I ought never to vote on anything and indeed ought never to be in session at all. My ultimate aim is a life which will con- sist of election days, nlg days and no . I think I might thus endure the mental wear and tear of an exist- ence devoted to the solution of the problems of this great country.” The Hon. Mee Two will dgl.lv-' & radio speech next week in which he will further develop his contention that when “prices are falling Congress is dangerous and when they are rising Congress is superfluous. He denies, however, that he is opposed to a short session for passing the appropriation bill for the legisiative branch of the Government for the next fiscal year. (Copyright, 1930 ——— Gold Stock Control Seen Natural Result BY HARDEN COLFAX. Accumulation by France and the United States of over $6,500,000,000 of the world’s stock of gold in the last year has come about as & natural re- sult of the course of world commerce and trade, according to high officials of the Treasury Department. ‘This attitude by American Govern- ment officials is in opposition to the opinion expressed by many economists and financiers in Europe. The latter, especlally those in England, declare that the shortage of gold in other eountries and the accumulation in France and America have caused depres- sion throughout the rest of the world. American officials hold that the fact that there was business depression in the other countries of the world has led to_the gathering of these stocks. English and German financiers say that business is in a state of depres- sion because there is not sufficient gold to permit it to increase in volume. They declare that while there is enough gold in the world to permit business to increase, the gathering of stocks by the United States and France has re- moved gold from active use and not enough remains to permit business stabilization. American Treasury officials declare that the gathering of gold by this country and by France has been due to lower commodity prices. These low prices have hit especially those coun- tries which are in the main producers of raw materials. Such countries have suffered from the drop in raw ma- terial prices and they have not had suf- ficlent manufactured commodity busi- ness to offset this loss. Therefore, since there was nothing to bring gold, the flow of gold has all been out- ward from these countries and their exchange has dropped in consequence. When the exchange of a country drops, it simply means that the money of that country is worth relatively less with relation to the value of the cur- rencies of other countries. Conse- | 7P quently, when such countries have to buy manufactured articles from other countries, they must pay the differential | ¥85 in gold, which increases the outward flow from their coffers. The United f | States on her part has something to balance the drop in raw material prices and has money coming in and gold coming in to counterbalance the amount mfif‘ifi to other countries for goods ere. There is no question that the United States and France are today the most . | prosperous nations in the world. France has no unemployment and has huge stocks of gold on hand. Economists declare that this is a prime example of what can be done by a country which concentrates and specializes on manufactured products rether than on raw material production. France has such a reserve supply of gold that negotiations are now in prog- good | ress looking to a mutual credit arrange- ment between the Bank of England and the Bank of France. This, according to economists and linanciers here, would enable Great Britain to obtain readily the gold necessary for the expansion of her trade. It is looked upon as a matter of self-protection, for if Great Britain gets “hard up” she will be en- abled to get gold without disrupting her trade relations and financial ar- rtnfemmu with other countries, clally with her own dominions. arrangement as now outlined would enable France to put her gold reserve to work and would enable England to secure gold to guarantee her note issues and to take care of urgent Australian | financing. The negotiations are not in the form of a loan, but of the establishment of mutual credits, much of which is done by co ding banks in the United States. It would obviate shipments of instances and the fact it Paris and London are so close together facilitates the shipment of what gold is necessary when the need arises. It seems to be the impression among financiers here that England stands to benefit to a some- what greater extent than does Prance. It might even be that the English credit in the Bank of France might serve as an assurance to such an extent that Great Britain might never actually have to use it. ly South America. It is the countries of those ’m—phlc divisions which have suf- lered most from the drop in exchange rates. (Copyright. 1930.) o One Oyster Can’t Merge. Prom the Lancaster Daily Intelligencer- Journal. oyster ool merge. Well stew n’m'. for there 8ix the s one oyster in u’fi; ing 1930—PART TWO. Capital Sidelights BY WILL P. KENNEDY. While there are still many million- aires in Congress they are becoming fewer, among those being lopped off in the recent election being Mrs. Ruth Hanaa McCormick of Illinois, and sev- eral who were hot candidate for re- eloction — Representative J. Mayhew ‘Wainwright of New York and Repre- sentative Schuyler Merritt of Connecti- cl::klm‘ time treasurer of the Yale Co. The millionaires or near-millionaires are al the most prominent men in the House, and some of them have done ouuhndlngl legislative work. Among those rated “in the millionaire class” are: Representative. George Holden Tinkham of Massachusetts, several times a Mayflower descendant, “wet” leader, implacable foe of Bishop Cannon, noted African hunter, who seeks to have unvoting Negroes in the South eliminated from the census fig- umLHnd as 8 for reapportion- men Another is Mrs. Ruth Pratt of New York, who has just survived a very tense cam) for re-election, and re- uted to_be wealthiest of all mem- 's in Congress. Some of the other in the million- aire class are Representative Hamilton Fish of New York, chairman of the Special Committee Investigating Com- munism in the United States; Repre- sentative Sol Bloom of New York, as- sociate director of the George Wash- ington Bicentennial Commission and Renon&l friend of Mussolini; Speaker icholas Longworth, both in his own right and through linking his personal fortune with that of “Princess Alice” Roosevelt; Representative Isaac Bacha- rach of New Jersey, yachtsman and benefactor of crippled children, who is a real worker on the tariff-drafting job; Representative Lewis W. Douglas of Arizona, graduate of Amherst Col- lege_and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, formerly an instructor in history at Amherst, who was cited by Gen. Pershing during the Argonne offensive and decorated by the Bel- glan government during the Lys-Escault offensive; Representative Percy Quin of ‘Mississi) ‘who his_wealth out ©88, | there is an is business; Representative L. Bacon of New York, who just naturally business and 5pOo; who has done probably more traveling by ‘lrpln::’thl‘l; mmy, other Mflm n this coun and who was s - resentative of three Prsldunu“?n studying the welfare of ex-service men; Representative Richard 8. Aldrich of Rhode Island, whose father was a noted tariff I tor and who is an alumnus of both Yale and Harvard; Representa- tive Bertrand H. Snell of New York, chairman of the Rules (policy) Com- ‘mittee—another erst College grad- uate—who began his career as a book- Kkeeper and later became manager of a paper mill, sole owner of a power plant, trustee of several colleges and hos- pitals; Minority Leader “Jack” Garner of Texas, who will come within several votes of defeating Longworth for the speakership, the most popular catch- as-catch-can debater on the House floor; Representative Richard B. Wig- glesworth of Massachusetts, who was private nereu.lm eral of the Philip] World War, wes legal adviser to the Treasury Depart- B ent, soeretary of the. World War yments, of 01 Emcn ?m com’nulon. n&lfl‘:flw e agent general for repara - ments in Berlin, was Paris representa- tive and general counsel for organisa- tions created under the Dawes plan; Representative A. Piatt. Andrew of Massachusetts, a professor of economics at Harvard, editor of piblications of the National Monetary - Commission, director of the mint, Assistant Secre- tary of the Treasury, and who served during the World War, doth with the French and United States 3 Representative Morton B. Hull of Iilinois; Representative John T. Buck- bee of Tllinois, who studied agriculture and horticulture in Austria, France, Holland, Denmark, Sweden, Belgium, Italy and Great Britain, and who 15 president of a nationaly known seed company; presentative Oscar De Priest of Illinois, & painter and deco- rator by trade, who amassed his fortune out of real estate transactions and other business in Chicago; Representative Fred A. Britten of Illinois, whose fortune came from real estate and general building construction in Chicago: Rep- resentative Willlam E. Hull of Iilinois, formerly in the distillery business; Senator-elect vzll!:ce‘ whl‘ te of Maine. An interesting explanation of some of ines, served as fleld in | the eccentricities of State and national boundary lines has just been given by Secretary Wilbur of the Interior De- partment. One of concerns the so-called Southwick jog on the south- ern boundary of Massachusetts, jutting into Connecticut, which has long puszled students of geography. explanation is that in eITors boundaries compass, & long narrow strip of land iven to Connecticut, and the jog to Massachusetts as an equivalent area. How accurate was the work of the two famous English mathematicians who drew_the “Mason and Dixon line” between Pennsylvania and Maryland, until their work was mgfid by Indians, is shown by the fact b & resurvey 130 years later with modern instru- ments showed a variation of only 180 feet at the northeast corner of Mary- land. The ‘1‘?1?2“" stones for five-mile marks on line were carved in England, and are still standing, with the coat of arms of Lord Balf the Maryland side and the Penn arms on_the Pennsylvania side. Illustrating the indefiniteness of some early boundary lines, particularly be- tween Massachusetts and Rhode Island, which was under dispute for more than 200 years, dui ‘which the question went twice to the Supreme Court of the United States, with Daniel Webster and Rufus Choate as counsel for the Choate said before ‘'The commissioners might as well have decided that the line between the States was bounded on the north by & bramble bush, on the south a blue ji onu\ewe-n:dytmvco(beuin- g and on the east by 500 fo: with firebrands tled to their tails.” This Is a Fowl Story. From the Fort Worth Record-Telegram. Onoe csckiing of geese saved Rome. Moft imminent appears to be a test to determine which political party will be destroyed by the quacking of lame ducks. There Is No Justice. From the Boston Evening Transoript. Life must appear to be only a hollow sham to the pickpocket who was sen- tenced to nine months for stealing an empty purse. Had Another Zest in Mind. From the Terre Haute Star. ‘The Illinols town which cast every one of its votes for of the eight- eenth amendment ed the sest of & snappy argument. ———— Art Even in Ugliness. Prom the San Bernardino Dally Sun. Generally speaking, you can tell mod- ernist art because it's ugly in ways artists never thought of before. ———t——ee Fate of the Bystander. PFrom the Muncie Star. Chinese Reds have fired repeatedly on American gunboats, but the only ke that of the Governor Gen- | disturban The | 1ace, U. S. Charts Future Earthquakes BY FREDERIC ‘Two new undertakings, the making of airway maps and the location of regions susceptible of being visited by earthquakes, are being carried forward by the United States Coast and Geo- detic Survey. This branch of the Gov- ernment service, now under the De- partment of Commerce, is one of the older agencies of the Government and has an enviable record of technical and scientific excellence. In the past the work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey has been confined m}ely to the mapping of the coastline and of coastal waters. The branching out into the mapping of airways and seismol surveys shows to what extent vernment services keep pace with the demands of modern life. No more fascinating work is done by any Government agency than that per- | b formed by survey in connection with the location of those sections of the country where earthquakes may occur. By its very nature an earth convulsion appeals to the human imagination as something wholly un- foreseen, sudden and devastating. It is true that it is not possible to foretell ‘when an earthquake is going to oceur. Such an earth seizure is one of those mysterious acts of God which come without warning. However, the science of the study of the composition and characteristics of the earth has ad- vanced sufficlently far to enable so well e"q‘:lp an ization as the Coast Geodetic Survey to locate those sections of likely to feel disturban the earth's surface most the effects of ce. Sclentific investigation has that earthquakes are caused n“vr‘n( of vast sections of terrain. Shelving rock layers, impinging upon earth material of a different nature, are likely locations. It will be noted that the major earthquakes have occurred at the coast. The San Francisco quake, the tremendous Japanese disaster, the Italian, East and West Indian, and indeed practically all of the others have occurred almost ly where the land meets the ses. The cl in the character of the earth struc land meets water often is somewhat abrupt, al h px'm always. Where rupt geological to expect seismic urse. pass without a tremor, 3 tomOITO may bring a dhlodmvn{”whlch vl; a raze citles. Possible Quake Regions Surveyed. Congress has es) lly charged the Coast and Geodetic Survey with dis- covering all such likely earth faults on American territory. When major dis- turbances have occurred a special st is made of the earth structure at that . The extent of ground move- ment is carefully noted as well as the velocity of the mq and the period of the vibration. For example, if there has been a turbance only slight in intensit; some place W] seems invit formed for tremors, sul F Al o stances, it may that the earth has slipped to a fairly permanent anchorage, found a fixed Such information is of the first im- ‘modern at gly juent quakes circum- tion en! wmhnbl:rz ridges | mous artists, J. HASKIN. the work progresses, to inquire of the Coast. .n«l” Geodetic Survey of the chances of earthquake at some given place. Likewise, insurance companies meM their rates on the relative P porenowiedgs ot the | e of robability of earthquake visitation neuf not dh?our- age occupation. The citles of Toklo and Yokohama, for example, know perfect- well that they are not immune from rther selsmic disturbances and, - sumably, never can be, situated as G::y are on the edge of the unplumbed Japanese Deep in the Pacific Ocean toward which the land is disposed to slip. Indeed, several minor tremors are felt every day. There have been some 10.000 quakes since the at one of 1923, jut, forewarned, e designers of construction in these cities have so tuflt their various works as to resist the Temors. Alr and Coast Maps Demanded. The demand for the Burvey’s mm.-mdfly increases. The m what are known as strip These cover in detail certain strips of the country over which an air route proceeds. The aviator, not wishing &» be encumbered with a large map of the whole country and also wishing a map drawn to ly generous scale, may 10 the characteristics of cou‘xf%ry. Thu;, he ow strip map of the country between New York and Rich- mond. Covering hundreds of miles in length, the map will show a width of only some 20 miles. Such strips are obtainable for all principal air routes in all sections of the United States. The general coast survey work of the ol ition is proceeding on an ever- enlarged basis. Included in the work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey not only is the showing of conteurs of coast lines, bays and inlets and the like, but depths of water as well, and these data become increasingly important as the size of ships enlarges and water traffic becomes more congested. The maps of the Survey show the depth in feet and fathoms of every harbor, inlet and 'ngaged in e fecting a basic survey of the enptgur'o country, more than 3,000,000 square :,1:: wmwunmmmpmu survey must conform to its basic locations. T hout the en- tudy | tire country thousands of monuments are being placed showing not only pre- cise lacation by latitude and lohly’lhplfl'. but elevation above sea level. Bench- marks are placed on structures prom- permanence and can be consulted by 1 surveyors, who may take their the assured of an frre- e oo o 'y e airplanes in makin to become one of the world’s most !:1 worked \here at Washing- wnu-nan%:-rotm?‘cm"_ France Visions Slump Lasting Until Spring BY GERVILLE REACHE, A Foremost Journalist of Prance. If the economic situation in France remains privileged compared with that of the other European nations, never- theless it now presents clear signs of & decline. It is true that the general index of industrial production made only a slight , compared with thé average for the year 1929, which was 139. are based on an average of 100 figures in 1913. " 5 ochnnmrflm i t m construction ‘The the fact mrt.n.uurmmmuunwothu. g:anu . On nd, the slump has continued in tex- tiles, where production, which was re- duced 8 per cent in 1929, compared with %gg;, was cut down by 7 per cent in In a short time these reductions will be wider and wider. At present the fac- tories are working y five days & | week, sometimes less. This condition affects cotton weaving, hosiery, tulle, carpets, uphol , ete. In the artificial silk trade exportation has be- come impossible, except at a loss, as & consequence of the fall of external prices, while on the home markets rather timore on | has the | the French internal market is resisting X€5 | joined with the persistent depression in The shio- n is being for the - ;agl‘if."u"mmuu he secondary comn- The slo down is also production of 1930. Production of en off as follows: July, 61,000 tons; August, 845,000; Septem- ber, 801,000, compaved with the 871,000 monthly average for 1929. This falling off will possibly be aggravated still more following the denunciation of interna- tional agreements. Production of steel also fallen off—July, 789,000 tons; August, 775,000, and September, 767,000, compared to the 805,000 monthly aver- age in 1929. Partial unemployment has made its appearance in certain branches; for instance, rolling mills, sheet iron works and automobile factories. Rallroad receipts and car loadings are still normal, and the returns from in- direct taxes, as well as the small num- ber of failures, show the extent to which the economic depression. But the case is different with the volume of external ex: , which has fallen from $3,600,000, in the first 10 months of 1929 to $3,200,000,000 in the like 1930 period. ‘This resistance of the internal market, external trade, arises from the fact that Fifiy Years Ago—- In The Star An open letter to Supt. Wilson, printed in The Star of November 320, 1880, registers a bitter complaint against the t8 generation of intellectual pigmies, turne out like so many patented articles of the same kin a hich pertains to practical life, g:w :lnd then a hlouury read a paragraph aloud with the idea to make its mnnfn( plain. Out of this dead level of poll-parrot glibness of superficiality scarce a pupil can be found who can write and spell correctly a dozen consecutive lines. It was Abraham In who said ‘round could never be made to fit square holes’ and no ‘system' of edu- cation can be devised which will fit every indjvidual mind. “The known as the 5 words of Patrick Henry, ‘What way have we of Jjudging the future except by past?’ Has not experience taught us that all great physictans, 1 , architects and artists are not by their fellow men, but gfl%hty Cod, and not know ers’ vocation them all? Why? “The teachers French prices during all this period | fc have been rising toward world parity. Whereas wholesale prices have n‘o’t ceased to fall since July, retail prices reached their culminating point at the | these end of October, with the gold index at | was 129, compared with the pre-war figure of 100, The rise in tnisrnal prices, wages and nhflu‘:l&:.lummp{’wohx‘phmm France only counf - circulation has ln"cl":lednmm‘ However, possibly the monetary au- thorities may be fully conscious of the danger grmud by the increase in the gl oric stock of gold held by the of France. Although per- sistent rumors of the eventual eon- solidation of the ito give it characters with these dren emerge from this ly trained more that the :nh&:d may l:nrn to respect; broaden and deepen it': min‘:il,. & emi and branche: incul cated a public uh;'ol edug bon bt e SRy not a solitary idea m‘:::.“ A e plete cleansing the Ion.hml economic dl&:ulfiu the it will be in no way if, after fauling ' Litls’ more. Guring ne’ Win: the market should recover next at the very moment when the France, it is on the to & com~