Evening Star Newspaper, October 2, 1930, Page 8

THE EVENING . THE EVENING STAR |mone:, and he chose to regard the im- ' has to scrape and save ‘o compete, the With Sunday Morning Edition. . WASHINGTON, D. C. | THURSDAY.....October 2, 1930 | THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Ofire: 8. and Pennssivania Ave Office: ‘110 East 42nd 8¢ e seRMwh{lan !&l én-. 14" Regent St.. London, England, Rate by Carrier Within the City. giap45C Fer month .60c per month | S¢ per copy irs mav be sent in by mail g“‘lh!'mzl'"h Ational 5000, e e R " Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. fly snd Sunday.... 1 vr., £10.00; iy only . T. 26.00: 1 . ay only 1vr., $4.00; 1 mo., 40c 1y All Other States and Cana Mls and Sunday..lvr.s12.00: 1mo.. s R 1yrl 3800 1 mo.. lay only 1yl §5.00, 1mo., Member of the Associated Press. e Associated Press is exclusivel o AP ISR S Sachisliely Spiitied R:!fl;,h‘u gredited to it or not otherwise cre n this paper snd also the !ncal new, published herein. All right. EDecial ‘dispaiches herein sre’ Do rescrred Bids for the Airmail. ‘The purpose of the Watres airmail act has been interpreted as encourag- ing airmail lines by the Government fubsidy that lies in airmall contracts. But administering the act and select- ing the lines thus to be subsidized has been no simple matter and the award of contracts has been attacked already | Ly elements in the air industry that have lost out. Fuel will no doubt be 2cded to the flames already smoldering by the award of the most important of the airmail contracts yesterday to the Western Air Express, Inc., and the ‘Transcontinental Air Transport, ine., for carrying the mail from New York to> Los Angeles. The contract carries ® prize that may amount to as much &s $2,711,000 a year for four years. The low bid, in this case, was sub- mitted by the United Avigation Co., formed by three companies for the pur- pose of bidding on the contract. As against the bid of 975 per cent of the maximum rate allowed by law 2nd submitted by Western Air Express and T. A. T, the unsuccessful bidder proposed a rate equal to about 64 per cent. The Post Office Department ex- plained that the higher bid was ac- cepted “because it was the only quali- fied one under the terms of the Me- Nary-Watres act and in conformity With the specifications in the advertise- Ment.” The most interesting specifica- tion in the advertisement, however, was the demand, written in by the depart- ment, that the bidder show experience at night flying. This the losing bidder Wwas unable to show. But while the successful bidder has and does now engage in night flying, the contract states that for the present the service “will be maintained by daylight flying only.” Despite the tremendous gains in air- mall service and the success of the : 1 mo., 88c | mo.. e 1.00 8e | soc _ | be raised by the Union of South Africa, munity requirement as an insult. This was enough for the faithful followers of the Tiger who succeeded him as po- tential witnesses, and with one or two ex- ceptions they declared that the immunity requirement was an insult and declined to appear. Had Mr. Curry waived im- nunity and testified probably all the others would have done so. Now it is necessary for the Governor to admonish the mayor, and the mayor to admonish the witnesses. It makes a pretty lit- tle drama, though it is rather trying upon the powers of restraint, especial- ly in the case of so light-hearted an individual as Mayor Walker. M e Empire at the Cross-Roads. One of those periodical mileposts which mark the course of empire is now at hand for Great Britain with the Im- | perial Conference of the “daughter na- tions” overseas assembled in London. Issues of far-reaching importance are at stake. ! Interempire tariff policy will dom- |inate discussion of purely economic questions. Of more vital significance is the debate which will range around & dominion’s right to secede from the empire. That thorny proposition will where the Boers won on the battlefield at the beginning of this century a spe- cles of self-governing autonomy which King George's Dutch subjects would now stretch into unalloyed independ- ence—or, rather, the privilege of having it, 1f desired. Gen. Hertzog, the South African prime minister, who is chief pro- tagonist of that aspiration, is parently headed for smoother sailing than he might have expected. Mr. thought of his efforts, along with others, attracting the enormous crowds of today with the consequent large revenue not only to the club sponsoring the tournament but to the U. 8. G. A., the question of amateurism is an en- tirely different matter. So it can be seen that there are actually two sides to the question. In recent years both the golf and tennis bodies have been made ridiculous in seeking to make the difference be- i tween amateurism and professionalism a thing more complex than a Chinese puzzle, when the only difference to the public, which pays and pays, is that & professional accepts money for com- peting and an amateur does not. An amateur does not become a professional 1 golfer or tennis player if he writes a story for a newspaper or magazine about the game, but the governing organiza- tions, much to public dissatisfaction, would have it so. ‘With this line of reasoning, Von Elm now becomes & professional, regardless of what he calls himself, and there is certainly no disgrace in accepting money for skill whether it is a result of brains or muscle. But even at that, it is not believed that Von Elm will long remain alone in his “business man:linksman” category. Others, it has been rumored for some time, are likely to join the blond Pacific Coast star on professional golf wander- ings. Some may take time by the fore- lock, as did Von Elm, and others not so voluntarily. A shake-up—and what a shake-up it will be—is soon sched- uled for the U. S, G. A. in regard to several of its best attractions, and the “business man” golfer list will grow rapidly. This amateur vs. professional Thomas, secretary for the dominions in the MacDonald government, on Monday declared that ‘“nobody questions the right of & dominion to secede.” Then addressing an interrogator, he added, “I may have the right to shoot myseif, but you have the right to argue with me regarding the wisdom of my ae- tion.” 1In other words, “Quit the im- perial fireside, if you would, but think well on the consequances.” . South Africa raised the question of absolute autonomy at the Imperial Con- ference of 1926. Lord Balfour, who presided, devised a formula which, it ‘was hoped and believed, would relegate the issue for the indefinite future. As to the domunions, it laid down that: They are autonomous communities within the British Empire, equal in status, in no way subordinate one to another in any aspect of their domestic or internal affairs, though united by a common allegiance to the crown and freely associated as members of the British Commonwealth of Nations. * * * Everv self-governing member of the empir. is now master of its own destiny. In fact, if not always in form, it is subject to no compulsion whatever. The Dutch are no longer content with the Balfourian panacea of four years ago. They crave clarification. They want to know exactly what being “mas- ter of its own destiny” means. Gen. Hertzog concedes that the subject is purely academic—at the moment. But it may not always be so. Meanwhile South Africa desires it set forth in un- Government's effort to encourage air- ‘mafl lines, the airmail is still in its ?Kllu:y. One of the natural accom- paniments in its development has been the mushroom growth of paper con- cerns that have been long on promises but short on demonstrated ability to earry them out. Some companies have obviously been formed in the expecta- tion of butlding bone and sinew on the strength of airmail contracts, but the policy of the Post Office Department has been to demand that stability and responsibility be developed independent- 1y of Government contracts, these to come later as reward and encourage- ment. In the case of the low bidder for the New York-Los Angeles contract, at least two of the companies forming the United Avigation Co. have shown commendable independent development. And while the very low bi¢ submitted may have been based on a possible in- “tent to test by court action the night- fiying specification written into the contract by the Post Office Department, there is no reason to doubt its sin- cerity. The Government’s policy in granting airmeil contracts seems due for the tests that lle in justifying it in the face of criticism and complaint. No important policy is ever formed with- out these tests. ———————— Old themes and old showmen assert them:elves in the theater prospectus for 1930-1931. As a chronicle of the time the v house is compelled to show respect to previous performances that have contributed to modern entertain- ment ——— Follow the Leader. Por ~ genial gentlsman with a keen Seare c” humor, the situation that con- fronts Mayor James Walker of New Vork in this matter of the inquiry into judicial office brokerage 1s most trving. Por he has to play an amusing role in a profoundly serious manner. And he has to play it. too, as though tiere were no comedy in the casé. Certain members of Mayor Walker's municipal administration were recently cummoned by a special grand fury in the course of an investigation into alleged traffic in magisterial positions. As a prior condition of their appear- ance before the jury they refused to walve immunity from possible prosecu- tion resulting from their disclosures. The Governor of the State has en- joined the mayor to crder these office- | holders to go before the grand jury tnd waive immunity. The mayor yes- terday at a meeting of the officeholders in question told them in effect that they must go, waive and testify under patn of loeing their positions, keeping his face perfectly straight and main- taining a serious and severe manner. And they, in turn, listened solemnly and seriously. The mayor doubtless knows perfectly well that these recalcitrant witnesses vill now go before the grand jury, ve immunity and simply tell what- ‘or they may know about matters un- Cer inquiry in their official capacities. Those official capacities are not related % the business of appointing judges. Drobably not ome of them officially knows the slightest thing about any transactions that have taken ' place lrading to the selection of John Doe er Richard Roe for a judicial position, ‘Why, then, it may be asked, did they mistakable English that she can pack up and go from the Empire any time she pleases. Modern Britons freely acknowledge that compulsion to anchor an overseas dominion to the crown will never be in- voked. They remember the American Colonies and 1776. That mistake, it is avowed, will never be repeated, as far as London is concerned. With Ireland, say the British, it was different. Erin is not an “overseas” dominion. Doubtless force would be used again, as in the past, to prevent the Emerald Isle's secession. South Africa, Australia, Canada and New Zealand are at liberty to go. All that Mother Britain expects is that they will have enough enlight- ened self-interest not to go. America will watch with deepest in- terest the imperial struggle over the tariff. That the free trade shibboleth has lost nearly all of its ancient appeal is notorious. “Empire free trade,” with protection against all non-British coun~ tries, has become a popular slogan not only In the mother country, but throughout the dominions. Daughter nations, already protectionists them- selves, differ as to the degree and qual- ity of “empire free trade,” which s feasible all around, but that imperial protection in one form or another is coming is not to be doubted. Far more questionable is how far its arrival will be hastened by impending proceedings in London. Many minds are there. To make them meet will call for statesmanship of high order. Sooner or later, John Bull's never-fail- ing remedy in times of political distress will be prescribed—the tonic of com- promise. The sun still fails to set on the British Empire because that medi- cine has successively proved so effica- clous. e ‘The Wall street market recovers sub- stantially. Profit takers hasten to de- press it. There is no sentiment in speculation, any more than there is in craps shooting. e A “Business-Man Golfer.” George Von Elm, one of the ranking golfers of the United States, declaPes that in the past ten years it has cost him fifty thousand dollars to keep the “Mr.” in front of his name and so he is going to leave amateur golf flat on its back and become the world's first “business man linksman,” free to compete for money prizes if he feels like it. Point- ing out that in his opinion the U. S. G. A. is a “highly commercialized” organization and citing the fact that more than fifty thousand dollars was | taken in at the recent championship tournament at Merion, the ex-amateur says that he is not to be regarded as a “golf professional” or a “professional golfer.” His business, which has no relation to golf, will come first with him at all times and he will not essay tas task of teaching duffers the correct way | in which to knock the little white pellet | over the fairways, but if he wants to take a few days off to shoot for five thousand dollars cold cash he intends to do it. And that is that. That Von Elm will receive a good deal of sympathy in his stand is just as sure as that he will receive condem- nation from those who possess the means to remain amateurs; the kind of amateurs who are defined by the com- plicated rules of the golf and tennis xret co all of this before? Why did they tzke umbrage at the request for a walver cf imniunit ther were follzwing the leader. Mr. head cf Taxmany Hal bodies in the United States. Naturally, business is a peculiar situation, and the outcome cannot be predicted. ] The Lure of Washington. Yesterday, in Rhode Island, still another candidate for the United States Senate, who has already sat in that body, was renominated for the place he once occupled and to which an un- appreclative electorate later refused to return him. Peter Goelet Gerry, Demo- crat, who reaspires to his senatorial toga from “Little Rhody,” is one of a quite considerable 1930 company with kindred ambitions. From Delaware former Senator Thomas F. Bayard, Democrat, would return to Capitol Hill. In Oklahoma, former £-nator Thomas P. Gore, Demo- crat, would stage a come-back. Massa- chusetts is the embattled arena in which ‘Willisn M. Butler, Republican, is fight- ing for his old rank and title at Wash- ington. Former Senator Matthew M. Neely, Democrat, of West Virginia, hankers again to adorn the Upper Chambe:. Tlinois s asked to recon- tribute the services of “Jim Ham"” Lewis, Democrat, that his whiskers may wave and his wit once more scintillate in the senatorial branch of Congress. If his ambitions prevall, former Senator Gil- bert N. Hitchcock, Democrat, of Nebraska, will usurp George W. Norris' place. And so it goes. Of course, one-time solons are not the only statesmen seek- ing to graze again in the green pastures of Congress.' With only two or three notable exceptions, most senatorial “ins,” and nearly all House “ins,” are trying to stay in. Some of them, in- cluding shining marks, were dented the gratification of their desires in pri- maries. Many others are sure to fall by the wayside on election day. The point is that the lure of Washington has not lost its magnetism. ‘The call of the Potomac is still a siren song. It is well that it is so, particularly if it continues to beguile into national service the best that America has to contribute, ——e— Base ball contest settles no important economic question. It relieves the nerves of the public and so performs & most valuable service. The progress of the Fascistl in European politics has induced leader: of various descriptions to speak Italian. o Btory book detectives never fail. Truth is stranger than fiction, but fiction is more rellable. — . What was once referred to as a “crime wave” threatens to become a perpetual deluge. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, Anclent Chronicle. New times and old times Hurrying along, New rhymes and old rhymes Making up the song! New times and old times Tell of right and wrong, New crimes—just old crimes— History's going strong! Circumstances Alter Speeches. “Are you a ‘dry’ or a ‘wet’?" “Let me understand you,” said Sen- ator Sorghum. “Are you suggesting a line of political talk or are you plan- ning a party?” Jud Tunkins says human nature is so naturally optimistic that folks go along holding one election after another. Professional Applause. Alas! The play was not admired. Its fate seemed hard, because Ushers enough had not been hired To hold up the applause. Uncapitalized Idea. “Do you understand theory? “No,” answered Mr. Dustin Stax. “Einstein is a great genius but a poor publicity man. He ean't talk about his theory in a way that would persuade anybody to invest in it.” Einstein’s Wiser and More Sad. | The Gentle Public sometimes halts At the investigation stuff | And sighs, “Why dwell upon our faults? We have discovered quite enough.’ “A leader of the people,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “often persuades others that he can show them their way when in reality he does not know his own.” Nerve Complete. Those Russians have a nerve complete, Sublimely unafraid, 1f they assume that they can beat Chicago’s Board of Trade. an amateur of considsrable wealth and leisure never has to think of the ex- t does not enter “I don’t blame s man dat sells his John F. Curry, pense of plaring in 2 turnament. In!vote” sald Uncle Eben. “He must be himself nok an f-ct ths money cler: +maiceholder, was the first to be sym- into it at all. Eut to the amateur who sorry for him* 8o down and out dat you P HM"N;H: STAR, WASHINGTON THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. “The Letters of Henry Adams,” edited by Worthington Chauncey Ford and published by Houghton Mifflin Co., at- tract attention by their commanding excellence to an ancient art. We moderns are too sophisticated regard the writing and rerding of le. ters as anything commendatory. Can not we pick up the telephone and talk to our friends across the continent, or | even across seas, if we wish? Brevity somehow has got a place for| itself all out of proportion to its rorth, except in a telegram. One has but to open this charming volume of more than 500 pages; he will gain a new respect both for letter writing and for leisure quantity. There must be & certain amount of self-consciousness in good letter writ- ing. We would not say that the writer must have said to himself, “I am writ- ing this for posterity.” ’No: must say, “I am writing this for him to whom I am writing.” The great trouble with the average letter as received by most of us is that it was shuttled off the point of a pen as fast s the writer could indite it. Evidently he had no respect for us, the reader, whatever, and very little for | himself. No respect, that is, in an epistolary | way. The writing of good letters does not hold the place it once held in the| esteem of the many. No doubt there still are thousands of persons who write, who receive, and who appreciate the best in letter writing, but their number is sunk in the great mass of those who do not care. ki e oy Facts—they are what the average receiver of letters wants, rather than opinions. The small daily chitchat fills our letters to the exclusion of that weighted opinion which makes the truly good epistle. have any opinions any more, with all too many people. To express an opin- fon is to invite an attack. In an age given to criticism the safest way is to refrain from having an opinion about anything. In the great days of the great letter writers this was not so. Opinion, then as now, was met with divergence, but it was rather on the plane of differ- ence than of resentment. This was 50 in a large measure, it would seem, because the person of some edu- cation and breeding stood out in the community. He does so no longer. All of us are educated, to & certain point at least; most of us can point to some encestor or other of whom we are proud. If we overlook the remainder, it is no more than always has been done in the science of descent. Educated men and women in the old | days expected their educated comrades to express opinions, both at table and in letters. We have no more “Profes- sors at the Breakfast Table” or any other table. When w. are at base ball games, foot ball games, watching motor or airplane races, or going to the thea- ter, we are not in the mood for specu- lative discussions. In writing to others of any of these wonders we find our- selves stilted if we launch into a con- templative discussion of the aspects of society which have resulted in these | things to which they give Tise. The whole tone of our civilization is out of stcp with the planned, orderly letter. If we write at all, it is to dash off something in a hurry, of which we will be heartily ashamed if we ever see it again. Who has not had the experi- ence of discovering an old letter and reading it over and of feeling, “What rot! How could I ever have written anything as meaningless as e % Most letter writers of today are too self-conscious to be honest with them- selves and their correspondence. If they Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands L COMERQIO, Lima.—The Cham- O Uivay has assed & ol o y a re: tlon which it is eminently befit- ting our National Legislature should emulate. The cited enactments followed the motion adopted by the latest convention of the League of Na- tions that all members of the League should start vigorous action against an alarming and almost universal recru- dence of pornography. Article I of the new Uruguayan act provides a fine of from 1 to 600 pesos or an equivalent prison sentence for any one who publicly offends social morality and decency by discourses, recitations, songs or lectures construed as obscene; for any one who offers, gives, sells, exhibits, publishes, distributes or expresses, in any form, language or place, writings, pictures, engravings, postcards, paintings, pho- tographs, phonographic disks or cylin- ders; or makes, sell or exhibits em- blems, images or objects, either obscene in themselves, or contrary to good mor- als. Article II provides that: “For the second offense in any of the above particulars, fines of from 600 to 2,000 pesos or a prison term equivalent will be imposed.” Article III of this new Uruguayan provision enacts that the producer or exhibitor of any theatrical or cinemato- graphic spectacle containing either sa- | acious scenes or dialogue, or anything likely to pervert the morals of the pub- lic, upon conviction will be fined from 600 to 2,000 pesos or imprisoned for a term corresponding to the pecuniary penalty. Articie TV prohibits the exhibition of any cinematographic or theatrical per- formance depicting vice and immorality, even when such productions are dis- guised as educational or monitory propa- ganda, and advertised as beneficial to | Such abuses of the | scraen and stage require an equaly dras- the public morals. tic discouragement in Peru. * X kX Taught to Pass Cars Quickly; Brakes Good. ‘The Evening Times, cars quicki “I have some awfully good brakes,” she added. i e Father Has Right To Select Child’s Language. Le Soir, Brussels.—The Federation of ‘Walloon Societies of Brussels is concern- ing itself with the matter of the lan- guages employed in the capital. In the course of a meeting held recently, it was resolved to solicit signatures to a peti- tion embodying the following privileges: ‘That in Brussels the father of the family shall have the absolute right, without the least restraint and without any controlling factors, of deciding in which language his child shall receive its primary education. That, likewise, when it comes to the choice of a second language, that elec- tion shall also be untrammeled, instead of such second language being Flemish, as constitutionally ordered for children whose mother tongue is French. in that which concerns the language used in judicial affairs, the federation thinks it advisable to continue the bilin- gual system and not an individualistic. = Women Smoke Less in Belgium Since War. Irish Independent, Dublin.—Our col respondent at Ostend writes that a re- action against war license is noticeable in Belgium, where all the liberties al- lowed during the occupation are being gradually removed one by one. Women smoked in public, without being accom- panied by a near male relative, just after the armistice; now they do not smoke at all, as a rule. Clothes for women would suit the ideas of Musso- lini, and this reactionary measure has been precipitated by the Italo-Belgian marriage. Bel women of fashion, but he| One is not supposed to| Glasgow.—A | woman who was fined £5 at Kingston | Police Court for traveling at 55 miles an | hour stated that she was taught to pass | Princess | Boston next month will D. C., THURSDAY, happen by chance to strike off a felici- | tous characterization, they feel inclined |to blot it out, for fear that the receiver | may take them and it seriously. To be | taken seriously is the great fear of the decade. We have the unspoken belief that life is a joke and all things show it, as the verse had it. But that is not the way to write good letters. What will strike any reader of the Henry Adams letters will be the spirit of putting one’s self honestly on paper which infuses them. There is no other way to write good letters. A clever person might write flippant let- ters without being honest, but they would not strike any reader as solid | or filled with any real substance. Substance, as applied to letter writ- ing, may mean anything from grave to It does not necessarily imply the | v, the weighty, the ultra-serious; these ‘are qualities which do not neces- sarily mean substance. On the other hand, careless and superficial readers are likely to find these qualities in a derogatory way in writings which are pleasant enough if read with sym- pathy or with properly opened mental eyes, which practically amounts to the same thing Half-closed mental eyes will give a reader a squint which makes him see a writing, whether it be letters or any other sort, in a light which is not com- plimentary. But here, again, the judge is not. the obvious judge, but rather the broduct which is under scrutiny. In no phase of writing is this attitude more reprehensible than in regard to letters. If one is going to open a book of col- lected letters, he should do so with an open mind, and that means that he should know something about his writer. New York book reviewers who dis- | cussed “The Letters of Henry Adams” | were unanimous in calling them an ad- | mirable supplement to “The Education | of Henry Adams,” that altogether ad- | mirable autoblography. Surely one had | better read the “Education™ before at- | tempting the “Letters.” It would be well | to read James Truslow Adams’ (no rela- | tion) book on the distinguished Adams | family before reading this latest volume | of letters. Even a consideration of the | photographs and thumbnail sketches | given in this month's copy of Fortune will be helpful, * * Just as a good letter must be the product of a cultivated attitude, so & 5004 reading of letters will result only rom & cultivated, serious attention. It should be stressed ‘that there need be nothing dull or plodding about this process. There are certain types of minds to which the letter form of writ- ing is anathema.- If one finds this true in his own case, he should let them alone There are plenty who will like them. The typical modern American mind unfortunately seems to feel that it should like, savor and appreciate everything under the sun, whereas the truth probably is that no one mind, except that of a genius, is so consti- tuted. Perhaps we all think we have traits of genius in us, but no doubt the vast majority is mistaken, and luckily for us, ‘The good letter is midway between | the r'easant essay and the so-called problein novel, since it contains some of the brightness of the one and a bit |of the serious discussion of the other, | with the expression of honest opinion | common to both. In addition, the good letter is a curious compound of infor- | mality and writing formalism—that is, |its prevailing tone must be free, easy, | as befitting equal to equal; but it must | never forget that in its hands for the moment is placed the prestige of the language. It must refrain from clever- ness for mere cleverness' sake, from the cheap, from the low. If it can do this without ostentation, it is a real letter. 1 with former decollete and sleeve- | less dress. *xox % Pastor Was Leading Figure |in Fight Against Drugs. North China Herald, Shanghai— For 50 years the Rev. E. J. Dukes, whose death occurred April 21, at the age of 83, has been one of the leading figures in the world fight against the opium and drug traffic. His work in China brought Mr. Dukes into direct contact with the opium problem, and from 1874 to 1916 he was tireless in his fight against the traffic. In the latter year it seemed that the work of the Anti-Opium Society, of which he was presiding committeeman, was completed with the closing down of the Indo- Chinese optum trade, but it was thought advisable to maintain a vigilance com- mittee, of which Mr. Dukes was ap- pointed honorary secretary. With the close of the Great War, however, it be- came evident that the opium problem had entered upon a new and dangerous phase, through the illicit distribution of narcotic drugs, and, a little later, through the recrudescence of opium- growing in China. So the Anti-Opium Soclety was reorganized in 1919 and since that time Mr. Dukes has devoted all his great and little-dim:ned ener- gles to its work. Mr. Dukes, born near Tondon in 1847, had many memories of that capi- tal in the 60s and recalled, among other things, the sale of collars with spikes in them to protect wayfarers against garroters and the burning of incense on the Thames Bridge, so that the Prin- cess Alexandra might not be offended by the bad smells from the stream as she entered London for her wedding to the Prince of Wales, Just before his death Mr. Dukes learned that the National Chinese Opium-Supression Soclety, at its Thirty- eighth Session, at Nanking, established that capital as a model area for opium control in accordance with the suppres- sion act and regulations as promulgated by the Chinese government. The cru- sade against opium, as conducted in this area, will be a model for the whole country, with a central hospital for ad- dicts as a type for other communities. o Argentine Pilgrims Gain Holy Land Information. La Nacion, Buenos Aires.—On Feb- ruary 6 of the present year a number of Argentine pilgrims sailed for Pales- tine_and Syria, under the leadership of Mgr. Nicolas de Carlo, Auxiliary Bishop of Parana (town of Entre Rios Province, 40,000 population), and the party has been in those regions ever since. Many interesting data have been forwarded to their own country regard- ing their experiences in the Holy Land, particularly with regard to the explora- tions of the Bible Institute of Jerusa- lem, beyond the Jordan. R. P. (Rev- erendo Padre) Andres Fernandez, sub- director of the institute, arranged for the transportation of these visitors from Jerusalem to Bayreuth. (Beirut) via automobile, a trip which gave them am- ple opportunity to behold some of the stupendous_excavations undertaken by Dr. Alexis Mallon, S, under auspices of the same institution. Both the edi- fices which have been uncovered and the implements and ornaments likewise dug from the sands that have covered them for centuries testify to a high degree of sclentific knowledge and gen- eral culture. Most of the structures and articles unearthed appertain to the Babylonian and Assyrian occupations rather than to the Egyptian and Jew- ish. Among other places of interest, the Argentine pllgrims visited the sites of the ancient and morally decadent cities of Sodom and Gomorrah. [T AR Beauties Unafraid of Age. From the Boston Transeript. ‘We doubt whether any of the Massa- chusetts beauties who are to contend for the title of Miss Tercentenary in for. to look the age the part, OCTOBER 2, 1930. The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. The Democrats in New York are faced with the necessity of showing the voters they are more devoted to clean government than are the Republicans. The disclosures of graft and sale of offices in New York City, where the Tammany Tiger runs the Democratic organization, has come at an inoppor- tune time, with the election only four weeks and a half in the future. Gov. Roosevelt and his advisers are clear in their view that this corruption is- sue is one that must be met if the Democrats are to win, Mayor “Jimmy” Walker of New York has fallen in with the views of the Governor. He has is- sued orders to the Tammany leaders who hold city jobs to sign immunity waivers and testify before the grand jury. There are five of these leaders who a few days l§0 defied the Ewald grand jury ;nd*de: ined to testify. This is a bitter pill for Tammany, the organization that controls in Great- er New York, although Tammany itself is the Democratic organization of only one of the five city boroughs. Tam- many is the driving force which has rolled up huge majorities for Demo- cratic candidates for - Governor and other offices in the City of New York on election days. And now on the eve of an election, Tammany leaders are to be subjected to humiliation, if not something worse, really at the behest of the Republican candidate for gov- ernor, Charles H. Tuttle, who has been United States attorney for the south- ern district of New York and who, perhaps, did more than any other man to stir up the scandals which now be- smirch the city government. It was his challenge to Gov. Roosevelt to take a stand and show himself “bigger than Tammany” that brought Roosevelt's let- ter to Mayor Walker demanding that the Tammany leaders who are on the | city pay roll appear and testify before the grand jury. * ok ok % When it comes to election day, Tam- many will have to make up its mind whether it will “go through” for Roose- velt. It probably will go through for him, for it dislikes Tuttle far more than the present Democratic Governor. A Republican Governor in Albany wduld be more of a menace than a Demo- cratic Governor is the way the organi- zation leaders are likely to argue. How- ever, there is a great deal of bitterness among the Democats over the recent developments and the stand which Roosevelt has takeh. If the organiza- tion goes through for Roosevelt in & half-hearted way the outlook will be bad for the Governor, & ‘The Republican strength in New York lies upstate and outside of New York. The Democrats usually roll up huge majorities in the greater city. This year, however, it looks as though Roosevelt, the Democratic candidate for Governor, may be stronger than Demo- cratic candidates usually are upstate and that Tuttle will run more strongly in New York City than Republicans usually do. In the first place, Roosevelt is disassociated in the mind of the peo- ple upstate from Tammany. Tuttle, on the other hand, has come out for the repeal of the eighteenth amendment, a stand which is likely to weaken him upstate and to strengthen him in New York. He has, in addition the corrup- tion charges to aid him with the in- dependent voters in New York Oity. Where not long ago it looked as the the Democrats would romp all over prostrate form of the Republicans in the New York election this year, it now looks to be more or less of an even race. Much will depend uj what happens in the next few weeks. If the grand jury turns up other scandals in the city and links them with the Demo- cratic organization, it will not be a help to Mr. Roosevelt. R The professional drys, the heads of the dry organizations, including the Anti-Saloon League and the W. C. T. U., are angling for another and more fm- portant candidate to head their new party, the “Law Preservation part; according to reports. At a meeting New York they agreed the other da: support the candidacy of Prof. Robert P. Carroll, professor of psychology in Syracuse University, though with some reluctance. Now they are trying to prevail upon Fred W. Freestone, master of the New York State Grange, a body of 130,000 New York farmers, most of whom are “dry,” to take the place of Prof. Carroll. Republican up-State dry leaders have generally come out for Tuttle. This has anraged the leaders of the dry organiza- tions and they are making threats against all of these G. O. P. leaders, planning to take away their present offices. Anyway you look at it, the fight in New York this year has be- come one of the most interesting off- year political contests of recent times. TN The regular Republican organization in Nebraska certainly seems to have lacked boldness in dealing with the recalcitrant Senator George W. Norris this year. They might have taken a leaf out of the book of the regular Re- publicans in Towa and gone further. In 1924, when Senator Brookhart, Re- publican nominee for the Senate to succeed himself, announced his op- position to the Coolidge-Dawes national ticket and aligned himself with the La Follette-Wheeler ticiket, the regular Re- publican organization got behind Sen- ator Steck, his Democratic opponent, and elected him. The regular Repub- licans in Nebraska, according to all re- ports, would prefer former Senator Hitchcock, the Democratic nominee for the Senate, to Senator Norris. Perhaps, if they came out squarely for Hitchcock and worked for his election nly they might succeed in putting hi in the Senate, just as the regular Repubiicans beat Brookhart and eleg!ed Steck. * * nator Norris two years ago deserted thse]tepubllcln national ticket—which in a presidential election year is tanta- mount to deserting the Republican party—and came out publicly for the election of Al Smith, the Democratic candidate for President. If the regular Republicans announced themselves now for Hitchcock in preference to Norris, whom they insist is a deserter, it does not appear that Mr. Norris would have any legitimate kick. The Republican regulars might answer that what is sauce for the goose is also sauce for the gander. If reports from Nebraska are correct, many of the regular Repub- licans are likely to vote for Hitchcock on election day in any event. But also a considerable number of Democrats may swing over to Norris. The seeming lukewarmness of the Democratic na- tional organization to the candidacy of Senator Hitchcock, in & year when the Democrats are seeking to make all the ?;!ns they can in the Senate and House, said by Republican leaders to be due to the fact that the Democrats feel that Norris in the Senate is more val- uable as a trouble-maker for the Re- publicans than a Democratic Senator coul Probably the Democrats would like to have Norris support their next candidate for President in 1932 when the times comes. * K * ok Rhode Island Democracy, meeting in convention yesterday, adopted a wet plank in its party platform, calling for repeal of the eighteenth amendment in unequivocal terms. This was ex- pected. Rhode Island is considered “wet” territory. The convention nomi- nated a full party ticket, including for- mer Senator Peter Goelet Gerry to run agdinst Senator Metcalf, Republican incumbent. Gerry was defeated two years ago for re-election by Senator Hebert, Republican, although Al Smith carried the State in the presidential race. While the Democratic convention functioned smoothly after it once got under way, there are still signs of dis- sension. Luigi di Pasquale, a candi- date for nomination for lieutenant gov- ernor, withdrew from the convention, issuing a statement attacking Senator Gerry and the organization which he controls. The Democratic national com- mitteeman, Patrick H. Quinn, who has threatened trouble in the pre-conven- tion campaign, pledged himse! sup- port all the candidates nominated the convention, prevails, at least on the surface. bl shine. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC Any reader can get the answer to any question by writing to our Informa- tion Bureau in Washington, D. C. This offer applies strictly to information. ‘The bureau cannot give advice on legal medical and financial matters. It does| not attempt to settle domestic troubles | or undertake exhaustive research on| any subject. Write your question plainly and briefly. Give full name and ad- dress and inclose 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. The reply | is sent direct to the inquirer. Address The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washing- ton, D, C. Q. Are airplane _endurance flights | of any lasting value?—H. B. | A. ‘Such endurance flights are proofs| of the improvement in airplane motor engineering and of the increasing safety | factor of airplane engines under normal flight conditions. They also show up| any weaknesses and point the way to climination of any existing defects. Q. When did the horse car disappear | from the streets of New York City?—| 8. P, . The last horse car was taken off the streets of New York City August 1, 1917. This line was the Madison Street and Avenue Car. Q. How long must a ball game be to be considered legal when called on ac- count of darkness?—M. E. G. A. If the game is called by the um- pire on account of darkness, provided five or more innings (equal innings) J. HASKIN. women what salutation should be used? . W. L. A. The customary salutation in & letter to a firm composed of two women, married or ummarried, is “mesdames.” value of the salmon Is this a large per- value of fish prod- caught in Alaska? centage of the total ucts?—B. M. E. A. In 1928 the fishery products of Alaska were valued at $54,545588, of which 87 per cent was from salmon. Q. Who organized the Camp Fire Girls?—T. H. A. This organization was founded by Dr. and Mrs. Luther H. Gulick in 1912, There are members in every State in the Union and in 17 foreign countries. Q. Please name the hills upon which San Prancisco is built.—C. 8. A. The entire city is bullt on hills, the principal ones being Telegraph, Russian, Nob. Rincon, Bernal Heights, Potrero, Larsen Peak, Twin Peaks, Mount Davidson, Mount Olympus, Buena' Vista, Lone Mountain and Lin- coln Park. Q. Does the Congressional Record | have an exchange list of foreign publi- cations?—J. M. J. A. The daily issue of the Congres- sfonal Record is now exchanged with 101 foreign establishments. Q. Is a first-year student at college privileged to borrow from the Harmon Foundation?—H. P. 8. A. To be eligible for a loan & stu- dent must be of junior standing or have been played, or if the club second at bat shall have made more runs at| the end of its fourth inning, the game| is declared legal and the team with the | greater number of runs wins. If the| game is terminated before five innings | have been played, it is termed “No| | game,” and must be played over. Half| games are never scored. s { Q. Please give a short biography of Will Osborne.—R. J. W. A. Will Osborne was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, November 25, 1904. His family moved to London when he was a small child. He received an ele- mentary education from tutors; later graduated from St. Andrew's College at Toronto. His family wished him to be a doctor of medicine. Several ‘times he ran away from school and home to obtain & position in an orchestra. His first professional engagement was in 1924 with the Wayne Country Club at Tyler Hill, Pa. He is unmarried. Q. How many Civil Service employes are there in Washington, D. C.?—E. S. H. A._On June 30, 1930, there were 68, 510 Federal executive Civil Service em- ployes in the District of Columbia. Q. Upon built?—W. A. It is bullt upon 3 large and 114 smaller islands,-separated by 146 canals and joined by 400 bridges. Q. What is the term used to describe a person who sunburns but does not tan?—M. M. A. The term is heliophobe. A per- ison who sunburns repeatedly without acquiring & coat of tan comes in this category. Such a person should exer- cise care to avold exposure to hot sun- how many islands is Venice Q. What are the ex%enus in becom. ing lscluun of the United States?— E A 8. A. The new costs of citizenship are $5 for certificate of arrival, $5 for declaration of intention and $10 for the certificate of naturalization. Q. What was the extent of property damage in the recent prison riot in DmNnEl“non, ‘Were any guards killed? A. During the riot at Clinton Prison, Dannemora, N. Y. damage to prison property was placed at $200,000. Sev- eral of the guards were injured, but none fatally. above, working toward a bachelor or higher degree. $ Q. What percentage of prize fights that are scheduled to go 10 rounds go the full amount? What percentage of bouts scheduled to go 15 rounds go the full amount?—E. XK. A. Roughly speaking, about 80 per cent of the 10-round bouts go the full time and about 75 per cent of the bouts scheduled for 15 rounds go the full time. Q. Has the name of Boulder Dam been changed?—S8. W. A. It was christered Hoover Dam by Secretary of the Interlor Wilbur. Q. Is it true that the Navy Depart- ment is going to sell & lot of binoculars and field glasses?—T. G, 8. A. The Department of the Navy will offer for sale about 1,000 binoculars and sextants some time after November 15. These are an accumulation of glasses that were loaned to the Navy during the war and whose owners could not be located. The department is preparing | a sales catalogue, listing and describing | the glasses, and will send them to pro- spective buyers who will send in their bi Q. Is John McCormack married?— . M. . A. John McCormack, the _singer, married Lily Foley of Dublin, Ireland, July 2, 1906. They have three children, two of their own and one adopted. Q. Please give me such information | as you can as to the transfer from the | State of Massachusetts to the State of New York of the triangular piece of | territory which is now the southeasterly | corner _of Columbia County, N. Y.— . C. W. A. Boston Corner lies along the southwest line of the town of Mount Washington, Berkshire County, Mass. It is of triangular form. It was first settled by D‘nf:l Porter about 1763, was incorporated as a district April 14, 1838, and ceded to New York May 14, 1853. ‘This cession was made because persons arrested there could not be brought to & Massachusetts court without going through New York territory, there being no road over the mountains to the east- ward into the adjoining Massachusetts town of Mount Washington. Prize fights and similar activities were common there because the New York sheriff had no authority there and the Massachu- setts sheriff either could not reach the Q. In addrésing & business letter to place in time or was powerless after he got there. Cup American appreciation of the fine sportsmanship displayed by Sir Thomas Lipton in his successive contests with America’s defenders is evidenced by the enthusiastic comments on the new cup to be offered in the name of the people of this country. His intimation that he may challenge again also arouses in- terest. Sun, “there will pass into Sir hands another cup, not the one that he sought so persistently over a genera- tion, but one that has come to him without seeking. - Bought by the equal contributions of & fraction of those Americans who regard him as a model of sportsmanship, may it come to be as meaningful a symbol to him as the cup he never has managed to win! Let its gleaming silver surface reflect ad- miration and affection across miles of blue water!” “For the winner to present the loser with a cup because he is such a good loser is without precedent in the annals of international sport,” declares the Dayton Daily News, observing that “he may be known as the only man who ever lost a race to win a cup.” The Pasadena Star-News remarks that “there may be more successful con- testants for the America’s Cup, but there will never be a gamer, more sportsmanly one than Sir Thomas Lip- ton.” The Lowell Evening Leader thinks that “Sir Thomas knows how we feel about him”; that “it will not need a loving cup to demonstrate that”; but “such a gift, after all, will be a tangible token of our regard that this prince of good sportsmen will accept in the spirit in which it is given.” “We doubt not that the plan will be carried through with a rush. It should be! It must be!” exclaims the New Orleans Times-Picayune, with the fur- ther comment: “Sir Thomas saw and felt how completely his effort was out- classed, but, game as the proverbial pebble, he held firm to the last and ‘took his medicine’ without a whimper. And America's reaction has been a de- sire to award to this splendid old sports. man a cup that will carry to him a regard and respect and honor and, yes, love that the America's Cup could | not have contained.” o The Cleveland Plain Dealer agrees| that it “ought to mean more to Lipton than any America’s Cup could possibly mean,” while the Springfleld Union, haglng that there will be “ceremonies| befitting the event,” states that “he has won the admiration of the whole world of sportsmanship.” “It will be something more than a thing of precious metals and inlaid Jjewels,” avers the St. Louis Times. “It will be the testimony of his adopted relatives in the great land of his first} opportunity. It will be the earnest of his affection of a Nation that loves| pluck and hard work and sound sports- | manship.” That paper recalls that Sir ‘Thomas' first real work was done in however, and harmony the America “in the Carolinas and on the docks in New York and New Orleans.” “Every one in the United States,” in the opinion of the Hartford Times, “admires the indomitable spirit of Sir Thomas Lipton's declaration to Mayor Walker in New York that he hoj challenge again for the America’s Cup. Rising above tment of th keenest and making naught of years advancing toward fourscore, the cour- age of this sterling British sportsman | is impressive. It is so fine that the number of Americans ‘rooting’ for suc- cess of & Shamrock VI will even exceed the multitude which frankly wished that Shamrock V might win.” comes the tribute and cn:l; “Some day soon,” says the New Yurk" p From Nation to Lipton Stirs Imagination of Public terous idea that he is fourscore. ‘We're 20! We're 20! Who says we are more?’ is the spirit in which, like Oliver Wen- dell Holmes and Holmes’ illustrious son, he views the world in which he has played so large a part. And in that spirit; not daunted by a long series of defeats, he declares that he will again send his defiant challenge to race for the America’s Cup.” * ok X X “The personality, ‘humor, tradi- tion and stubborn gallantry of the ven- erable yachtsman have given the sport a sentimental aura and a wide public appeal,” as viewed by the St. Paul Dis- - patch, which emphasizes the fact that under ordinary circumstances “yacht racing, with its intricacies and finesse, has few thrills for the land layman.” 0| The Passaic Daily Herald, gratified that “the money for the cup is still rolling in,” adds: “Sir Thomas deserves some such memento from us. He has been trying since the nineties to lift the ! America’s Cup. Though he has failed to beat our yachts with his Shamrocks, he has endeared himself to us &s one of the best sportsmen in the world, per- haps the best.” “We should think,” suggests the Green Bay Press-Gazette, “that mak- ing people happy by losing to them would begin to pall even on such & game old sportsman by this time. He deserves something more, and could probably have borne the ‘calamity’ of winning the present race. He has not made us so happy as usual, either, | this time. Millions of Americans wanted | Lipton to win.” “Sir Thomas has become a legend in | this country,” declares the Columbus Ohio State Journal, “because of his repeated attempts to win the cup, and 50 far as the layman is concerned his niche in the sports hall of fame is even more secure than is that of his oppo- nent, Commodore Vanderbilt. The race will be remembered more for the mag- nificent failure of Lipton's yacht than for the graceful victory of Vanderbilt's. And so, although actually Sir Thomas lost a race, he has gained in a way— an intangible way that makes him more lovable.” Rise in Employment Encouraging to Labor From the Philadelphia Evening Bulietin. Reports from Jabor unions in 24 cities are accepted by President Green of the American Federation of Labor as mark- ing a definite improvement in the un- employment situation for the last month. The upturn is described by him as the most general that has taken place in September in the three years during which his organization has been collecting such statistics The gains recorded are in most In- stances small except in cases where they are seasonal. Employment in the metal trades is an exceptl to the general trend, having diminished. In the gar- ment and textile industries the im- provement has been netable. President Green's interpretation of his figures is conservative, He does not jump at any conclusions eml| prediction of sudden return to no activity The caution with which the labor leader analyzes the situation adds weight to his acceptance of the s of the times as indicative of an - proved business situation. ‘Temporarily checked industry must relearn the art of wi before it can be expected to run. The effects of vastly en! _ construction have as yet programs been only P"“‘u felt. They nfluenc}; on the lag- Similarly ment_on this latest 1t Boston should have their metal trades. An upturn there effect in - have a marked ing labor’s still restrained