Evening Star Newspaper, September 5, 1930, Page 8

Mall—Payable in Advance. land and Member of the Associated Prems. 0 e e Or Fepusication bl Sif mews Gt R‘{".? ils Daper and alse Ghe Ttal peeq pul gmn %h nltll a’ Duh‘ficnucn o’ speciy hes in are v ed. Let Hoover Be Heard! President Hoover is to deliver four dmportant addresses during October in three rather widely separated sections of the country. While no one knows what the President intends to say it has been generally believed that Mr. Hoover will in these speeches tell the country something about the policies and the work of his administration and that his speeches will be high points in the Republican campaign to Te-elect majorities in the Senate and House. No one in the Republican party is better qualified to speak of the admin- dstration’s policies and aims for the improvement of conditions of the peo- ple than i8 Mr. Hoover. In the midst of a wordy war over “propaganda,” conducted by the Democratic and Re- pliblican National Committees through their respective press bureaus, a word from the Chief Executive of the United States will be welcomed by the people. Partisan propaganda put forward in a partisan manner, seeking to magnify matters of little moment and to cover up issues, accomplishments or failures of major importance, may appear to political leaders to be necessary. The people after all, however, are more in- terested in having laid before them a clear, understandable statement of the | In politics, as in love and war, all things are said to be fair. But if the people are to elect as their representa- tives the men and women best quali- fled to conduct their Government in all its branches, they are entitled to ither than fiction with a few great many words thrown ite natural that the politi~ est wish of the politicians. In past years the Republicans, better organived nationally and with & greater supply of campaign funds, have had the better of the publicity racket. But in the last twelve months the Democratic background so far as pub- concerned. In the first place, it obtained the services of a trained political observer, capable of putting a finger upon any weakness in the armor of the opposition and megnifying that ‘weakness, a strong partisan himself. In the second place, the Republican na- tional chairman, Mr. Claudius Huston, fell on unhappy days, when many of most prominent men in his party to eliminate him from the . Huston was not exactly the circumstances to upon the Democratic through his public utterances. associates feared that compelled to apologize. statements. The truth matter is t the Republicans the Democrats, in this war of to get the jump on them. the Republican committee lead- ership now changed they are seeking to discredit the efforts of their Demo- cratic opponents and have seised upon the text that all the Democratic state- ments put out are merely paid-for mis- Tepresentations of the Hoover adminis- § T LU g4 5 E i H While the Democratic Publicity Bureau has been effective, it is not en- titled alone to the ¢redit for the great volume of anti-Hoover publicity car- ried in the newspapers throughout the eountry.’ The BSenate of the United States, which thundered throughout most of the Hoover administration to date, got an enormous amount of anti- Hoover speeches widely published. The Republican Progressives in the Senate were even more effective than their Democratic colleagues. It is high time the country heard from the party in control of the Gov- ernment as well as from the opposition. From no better source could it have its information than from Mr. Hoover, the Chief Executive and the titular head of his party. e ‘When Mussolini receives a notice thay he 15 to be assassinated he turns it over %0 an obliging secretary and forgets it. Andree’s Diary. Question has arisen as to the owner- ship of the diary of Salomon Andree, whose body has just been brought back from White Island after thirty-three years of interment in the ice and snow. ‘The Swedish law establishes proprietary rights in any written or printed matter for thirty years after the death of the author. These writings have come to hand three years beyond that period and are therefore in a legal sense public property. They should, of course, be public property in the sense that they are for all the world to have. If, how- ever, there is any attempt to exploit them commercially, to use the text for the financial advantage of any indi- vidual or organization, Andree’s heirs should have the first benefits, despite the lapse of the law's limitation. Strict precautions are being taken, it now appears, to prevent premature and partial publication of the contents of the dlaries and notebooks. They are bng examined by a commission of (perts representing the government of ever language it may be translated, this narrative, condensed, disjointed maybe, will stand as an epic of heroism. presstathumionn- The Toll of the Twister. ‘With only partial reports from the scene of the disaster of last Wednesday in the West Indles, it is evident that the hurricane caused terrible devasta- tion in Santo Domingo City and in the republic. In the capital alone 800 are known to have been killed, with many hundreds injured in addition. This toll of tragedies, however, is not complete, as owing to the wrecking of communi- cation lines and the blocking of roads the effects of the storm in the interior of the island have not yet been ascer- tained. ! Whatever the total casualties, it is evident that there is urgent need of assistance in Santo Domingo and steps have already been taken to render it in abundant measure. Relief ships have been started from San Juan, Porto Rico, and also from Havana, and by this hour the needed succor may be at hand at the Dominican capital. The American Red COross has contributed to the measures of aid. Detailed reports of the visitation are coming. The storm broke upon Santo Domingo at 2 o'clock in the afternoon and quickly resched the height of its fury, the full force of the hurricane being felt for four hours. During that period the city was virtually wrenched from its foundations, three-quarters of the structures being completely de- stroyed or ruined almost beyond repair. In some cases the slighter constructions were disintegrated. The velocity of the wind reached the point of 150 to 160 miles an hour. This was probably an estimate, for all measuring instruments were destroyed, and in any case it is impossible for the anemometer to record accurately speeds above 100 or 120 miles. ‘The hufricane moved in its spiral action about three times as rapidly as a fast railroad express train. That anything whatever survived this terrific onset is a marvel, A thrilling tale of adventure with the hurricane is told by the officers of the steamer Coamo, plying between San Juan and Santo Domingo. The ship ran straight into the heart of the storm before it was realized that it was in the grip of that terror of the Atlantic, & Caribbean twister of the first degree. ‘Then with good judgment she was put about and made her way back to Porto Rico, battered, but saved from the fate of many a good ship caught in the past in one of these cyclonic furles. By an oddity of behavior the hurri- cane seems to have cut across Santo Domingo without damaging in any serjous degree the Republic of Haiti, which occupies the southwestern quar- ter of the island. A shift of course slightly to the south would have spread the devastation over the entire island, adding terribly fo the toll of death and injury and destruction. e e The Time Annihilators. Paris to Dallas with one stop in a trifie more than two days' fiying time! More than five thousand five hundred miles at better than a hundred miles an hour! These are figures to conjure with, and they drive home the fact that a good plane in the hands of a skilled pllot is the greatest time anni- hilator that has ever been wrought for the use of man. The fastest time that Capt. Coste and Bellonte could have made, if they had not chosen to make the trip in their sturdy and speedy plane, would have been about a week, and in order to accomplish it in this period they would have to ride one of the fast transatlantic liners and then transfer to express trains for the two- day run from New York to Dallas. It takes just such a comparison to appre- ciate what it means to save five days out of seven in a trip of this length. ‘The intrepid French flyers proved again that their airmanship was of the Lindbergh variety when they success- fully completed a beeline flight from New York to Dallas in a little more than eleven hours, To the layman it is a marvelous achievement for an atrman | flying over strange terrain to navigate 80 well that he hits his destination on the nose. To a veteran like Capt. Coste | it is simply another incident in his brilliant flying career and he probably | experienced no more difficulty in find- | ing his way over these fourteen hun- | dred miles of the United States than ' he would on his old route between Paris | and London. Washington is anxious to greet | France's premier airmen and the com- | ing week end will be an occasion long to remember. - No Washingtonian has | forgotten the thrills of the day when the “Lone Eagle” was triumphantly brought up the Potomac on a Navy cruiser or when the famous Spirit of 8t. Louis was exhibited on a barge tied up near Hains Point. Coste and Bel- lonte have performed just as difficult a feat as Lindbergh's and they should be accorded the same sort of welcome that our unofficial ambassador received abroad. Washington awaits their ar- rival, i R Political managers are again engaged avenue to watch the spectacle, which was well worth observing even at the cost of a little physical discomfort. Probably 50,000 persons were massed along the line of march. About sixty of them collapsed from the fatigue of standing and from the heat of the sun. Practically every case was a minor one, the sufferers being quickly revived and restored to full health. Yet the news went out that sixty persons had been overcome by heat in Washington on Monday owing to the intensity of the sun's rays at the Capital, This bare announcement, unaccom- panied by a statement of the conditions, goes into the making of Washington's undeserved reputation as the hottest city in America. Nothing can be done about it. The Federal Weather Bureau has no au- thority to conduct a campaign of edu- cation on this point. All that can be undertaken 1s to assure the people of the country that if they choose to visit the Capital in Summertime they will have no more trouble on the score of the heat than they will encounter in New York or Chicago, Philadelphia or Baltimore, Cincinnati or 8t. Louis. Indeed, with the wider spaces of the streets and the parks, and with the cooling effect of the river and the near- by mountains, Washington, with all its occasional high temperatures, is a pretty comfortable city the year round, the Summer included. ——ee Troubadours come from Southern Europe with irresistible appeal. The Scandinavian spirit survives, even after long-forgotten camps amid the Arctic snows, to remind the world that there were Vikings in those days. Nelther Ppoetry nor tune means much as com- pared to simple Human experience. ——— e Van Lear Black lost his life by going overboard in a heavy sea. Morgan's yacht was in danger off the rocks. Sir Thomas Lipton encounters a social squall, which apparently has nothing much to do with aquatics. In the words of the old song, “Nothing Is Like It Used to Be,” not even yachting. oo President Hoover will go before the people in a series of speeches. His audi- ences will all be with him, and eager to approve, American education has produced a public that understands the great yet delicate responsibilities of & President; a pdblic whose first inclina- tion is that of loyal and sincere co- operation. B ‘When the streets of Washington, D. C, are in course of repair, the city, normally the most beautiful in the world, takes on the appearance of.a mining gulch. Hardships are always necessary to the achievement of Koo ultl- mate ideal. ° - ——— et In some communities there is & dis- position to attach more importance to the reports of expert accountants than to fireworks and oratory. A few months of serious drought render the plain people correspondingly serious in thought. ————— st SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Always the Taxes. It s again the solemn time Of intellectual stress On questions that we deem sublime. We'll make another guess. We speak of Liberty and Strength And Pride not to be lost. g And then we will inquire at length, “What's all this going to cost?” We paint a picture where the scene 1s gayly promising. The house is worthy of & Queen; The garden, of a King. And yet, before all this we get, The taxes must be bossed. Once more the question must be met, “What is it going to cost?” * Imagination fills the air ‘With images of grace And nymphs and fountains everywhere Set a poetic pace. But interest and taxes come Amid the drought or frost. ‘The farmer asks, and does his sum, “What's all this going to cost?” True Belief, “Do you believe all you say in your hes?” .p::very word,” answered Senator Sorghum. “In order to make some of those speeches my greatest mental energy has been devoted to the task of convincing myself.” Jud Tunkins says bables rule the world. When a drought comes along, even the millionaire needs the milk- man. The Hypochrondriac. Compelled by Science now I, touch A situation crude. Ot medicine I get so much, 1 haven't room for food! Bulifighting. “Why don't you go to Spain and be- come a bulifighter?” “What “for?” asked Cactus Joe. “If you know what ‘bull’ means in press agent chatter, it's much easier to stay here and stage a fight with the bill- boards.” ¢ “There are but few great men in history,” said Hi Ho, the sage of China~ town, “and none that I recall has had the honorable pleasure of per- sonally realising his own [filmt‘.." in delicate calculations relating to whether every voter is going to cast his ballot according to the way he regis- tered. e Washington's Summers. ‘That Washington is in Midsummer at times a pretty hat city is admitted by even its most fervently loyal citizsens. The Capital has a fairly high average of Summer temperatures, This present season has found it hitting the hundred mark on several occasions. , But at the height of the hot wave from which this country suffered this year Washington was not a particularly horrible example Current Entertainment. Crosa-word puzzles now stop- the parade. The “Limerick” verse is displayed For exercise mental In print consequential— Say, Girls! Let's get up & charade! “It looks to me,” sald Uncle Eben, “like de detectives ought to stick in de story books an' stay out o' politics.” A Wise Cracker. Prom the Topeka Daily Oapital. daily new glimpses of wisdom: 'the “Man; poe?u have open minds decln’u Sir Stamp, that tverything WASHINGTON, D. C, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1930. _ THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. One of New York's professional book Teviewers, who does & column every day for his paper, gave entertaining details not long ago as to his reading during the year. He instanced 85 books which he had read. Yet he had commented on at least 300 during the same period. Is the general reader to deduce that he wrote reviews of some 250 books which he had not reac? ‘We wouldn’t be surprised. The trouble with mass reading is that it makes for ' haste, and haste is not productive of the best in intellectual matters, Hence we have stood, and still stand, foursquare against the borrowing of books, either from friends or libraries, and for the purchase of them. ‘The chief gain comes to the smaller number of books which one will read, if he has to buy them out of his own pocketbook. ‘The fewer he .angs, everything else being equal, tter choice he will make. ‘The better choi.e he makes the more pleasure and profit he will get out of the books he reads. Onme could wish little emphasis placed upon the profit end of reading, unless mental and spir- itual gain may be called profit. There sometimes seems almost too| much stress put on what one gets out of a book. ‘e would like to see the methods and ways of the business counter left out of the relation of reader and books, Let the publishers handle those es- sential detalls, but leave the reader free to read his books as he pleases, with- out being forced to render any account of them to any one except Lim=21f and te nothing except‘hh n‘wn soul, i M If one has ready access to a great number of books, the temptation to read “at them” is irresitible. It is another case of easy come, easy go. Anything into which one puts nothing will be given an inferior tinge in the very mind which is trying to get something out of it. The physi 1 Zact of purchasc requires that the reader first put something very personal into a given book—a bit of his “pocket nerve,” as it is called. think that this is not a very ble nerve, after all, list. to the diners in any lunch room at noon. fearly all of them are talking about money or some phase of activity leading up to its individu-) collection. Stamps and antiques'may b_ interesting forms of collecting, but they become essen- tlally minor when compared with this sort of collection. And whatever one may say against the counting house—and surely there is & great deal which may be said—it must be admitted that money furnishes the solid basis for civilized living, and that every man hastens to get out of the class of those lackin- it as quickly as he can. Therefore, when a reader buys a book l-h;o g;‘ll.l lomlthkln[ quite ;0#1 l.lllm it. ereby makes a psychological step toward it. That is what counts. The purchase puts him in a receptive mood: He, great fellow, has condescended to do this thing. He will look carefully to be sure that he gets his money’s worth. In any event, he will find that the ychological approach to his book has n good. We heard an instructive in- stance the other day. A man had free access*to the most beautiful book writ- ten in recent years. He had read three chapters and had turned it over to his wife with the comment, “See if you can make anything out of this.” Yet he was no mean judge of such things. All that had happened to him was that WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS Citles throughout the country clamoring for the honor of entertain« ing Coste and Bellonte on their pro. posed round-the-United-States tour. Governors, mayors, civic leaders and community boosters are keeping up a telegraphic bombardment of invitations. The French people are soon to learn, if the New York and Dallas receptions have not already revealed to them, in what great affection Americans hold them for the wonderful welcome they ve Col. Lindbergh. Washington has g anticipated the day when honors heaped on the “Lone Eagle” in Paris might be reciprocated in kind. The reception in the Nation’s Capital Mon- is calculated to stir French pride deeply. ok The United States has no national lice force, but according to Edgar J. loover, director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the dally collabora- tion of the International Association of Chiefs of Police and the bureau has developed in this country a crimg de- tection agency quite as effective as any national police force in Europe. Six years ago the bureau in co- ation with the police chiefs' association or- nized the National Division of Iden- ification and Information in further- ance of a plan to make available to United States judges the past criminal records of persons coming before them in order to insure equitable penalties. 8ince then more than 2,000,000 finger- print records, including correct’ names and aliases, have been filed and in- dexed for instant use. The success of this co-operative service is now followed by another co-operative service, that of collecting criminal statistics. * ok K K During the long heat spell phrase- makers of the Post Office Department worked every day on slogans for Christ- mas posters, some of which are now ready for distribution. “Say Merry Christmas With a Postal Money Order” will soon greet patrons of every inter- national money order office in the United States and possessions. The Eon.er bearing a figure of Santa Claus being prepared with the slogan print- ed in many languages, English, French, German, Italian, Czechoslovak, Dutch, PFinnish, Hungarian, Jugoslav, Lithu- anian, Norwegian, Polish, Spanish, Swedish, and whatnot. * ok k% Miniature golf with as many names as it has holes — “Goofy,” ‘“Pony,” “Teenie Weenie,” “Midget,” “Tom Thumb,” etc.—has a booster in James B. Lockwood of the textile division of the Commerce Department. the “wee” game has ‘“taken on the dignity of a major sport” and become “an American institution.” Towns of less than 10,000 population boast as many as four courses, none of them in the red, Lockwood 'reports, while one course is returning $350 a day to the owners. Extension of the season by protecting the links with tarpaulins might stimulate the textile industry, according to Lockwood, who points out that the new sport, with 25,000 courses & month ago and more being built each day, already has supplied employment to thousands in a dozen different trades. P Secretary Hyde has announced that every important phase of agriculture, both scientific and economic, will be covered in the program of the Firs Inter-American Conference on - culture, Forestry and Animal Industry, to convene in Washington next week under the auspices of the Government, For the uge of the delegates the De- partment of Agriculture has red a 434-page volume, containing 50 or more reports, with comparative statistics of imports and exports of the 21 American republics and of international trade in sugar, coffee, cacao and fibers, The conference 1is e: ted to be the first of xpect a series to convene periodicall capitals of the countries of American Union. * ok kK * “Taft and Roosevelt—The Intima Letters of Archie Butt,” is the title of book off the press at New York likely to set Washing- today, which is ton itical are | Heart intimacies of Maj. Butt, military tongues to wagging. The | growers of held these heart-to~ he was mem‘?’mfl an ‘“easy come, ,” in L . EREEE There is a large class of people who are always clamoring for free things. They always have their hands out for free theater tickets, free passes to ball games, free tes, meals, books. One may suspect that they fail of the greatest satisfaction the play- house, the biggest thrills at the bal park, the best taste from cigerettes, the supreme delights of good dining, the! utmost satisfaction with books, simply because they are in gar's shoes. There is no man alive when he ac- cerpts something for which he has asked who does not instantly don beggar'’ shoes and stand in them until the thing is over. The worst part of it is that it ')11”59 him a poor relation’s mental at- titude, worth” that he invariably puts the ac- cent on the wrong thing, at the wreng place, at the .inauspicious time. He laughs when guests of equal class know that laughter is not called for, In the realm of books it is essential that one be well born, free, able to look any book in the eyes, and know it for his man. It will not do to bring a hangdog look to & book, for any good book recognizes it Instantly and be- comes suspicious. .The best of books have a habit—some may call it bad—of running away from those who do not quite meet the mark. That s why you will hear so many | readers saying. “Oh, I couldn't see any- thing to So-amd-S0!” They think they judge the book, but the book really Jjudges them. * x X ¥ It is no wonder, then, that those who never go to the trouble of possessing their own books do not understand the mentality of the man who insists on readin~ only such books as he owns. | The latter will insist that the bor- | Tower can never know the supreme sat- | isfaction which he knows with the | books of his choice. Not that he does | not make mistakes. “But if you borrow a book and do not like it, the cost is only a few nnles!” There you go again, eternally the cost, as if the cost had anything to do with it. And the amazing thing is that this reply may be made the poorest man who ever lived. ly, money hes nothing to do wt_l'.!:h it. Siea e value of & good book beyond the money line. quarrel with the book lies utterly We have ':‘llu' er, suspect that Shakespeare spoke of more than coln when he advised us “neither a borrower nor a lender be.” Libraries— public, circulating’and drug store—have their rightful place in the world. Our only insistence is that he who makes use of them also attempt to build up a small personal and privately owned library, else he will miss something that books have to give him. To some temperaments, we realize, this will come as poor advic:. To them the mere reading of a book is all, and it makes ;x':).(’thrznce 'nmfl'l’:m‘:ho owns it. One respect e e agreeing with it, TeR L NIhe But just as renters commonly take little care of proj , and 30 miss something out of living in a house which an owner finds, 80 book renters who think they have got all the honey out of a book fail to discover treats which the busy bee owner knows. How can this fail to be true? Just #lL.t the magie cl;sedum is it is difficult to put into words. Perhaps it suffices that it is -all those who know fit. some things one dares not .fi'},"‘b;bé’,“" au;h fs the affection bullt 0se who love each other. word “love” is en b tirely inad . with books, the dream deptns e oo served only for those who understand, aide at the White House throughout the Roosevelt and Taft administrations, in their strong box for eight years, Obviously they could not be published during Mr. ‘Taft’s lifetime, but now it has been deemed proper to put them between book covers. Maj. Butt dis- closes for the first time “Big Bill's” emotions, when it Taft in 1911 that he would have to meet T. R.’s opposition in the 1912 presidential n:n-npaig.:I Four months before the fateful icago convention Taft told Butt that he ex) Roose- velt to defeat the President for renomi- hation, but expressed the opinion that if the colonel did so, “he would be the most bitterly discredited n ever in American politics.” * Kok % One of the rules rigidly adhered to by Van Lear Black, late chairman of the Baltimore Sun board, was that the running of a newspaper was the busi- ness of newspaper men. Himself a financier, with the financier's conserva- tive outlook upon public affairs, Mr. Black, according to the Sun, never in- terfered with the conduct of the paper along its historic lines as a liberal Journal. Citing a “typical incident,” the Bun relates that during the West Vlrflnh coal mine troubles the editors decided to have an investigation and to use for that purpose W. Jett Lauck, economist for the miners' organization, and a staff man. Each was to write & scparate report, one checking the other, Mr. Black, who had been finan- clally concerned with coal operations all his life, was told of the arrange- aent. “Who are you going to send from toe staff ‘to check Lauck?” he asked. When he was told, he chuckled for a moment and then commented, “Well, he’ll be more radical in his report than | Lauck.” That was all, according to the |8un, and the arrangement was carricd out, with the result that the miners' organization had both reports printed and circulated in support of its case against the operators. (Copyright, 1930.) R Georgia Tobacco Growers Face Loss Prom the Charleston Evening Post. There is something itiful in the spectacle of Georgla tobacco farmers, speaking through a large group of civic organizations, begging tobacco buyers to increase their bids to at least the cost of producing the crop. It is tantamount to an admission that if the tobacco buyers wish it they can obtain the crop for less than the cost of pro- duction; perhaps for their own price, however low they choors to make it. It is saying that after all the tofl and struggle that went into the r. of this crop the farmers who made it would be grateful to get back their actual costs, with nothing for themselves. It is an appeal of very doubtful efficacy ln& might better have been left un- made. At the same time the Georgia to- bacco growers are inclined to attribute their troubles to manipulations of prices by speculators and to unlawful trade g:actl:u. and are demanding Federal vestigations. The inference is that controlled through co- selling end. Whether it is illegal or not doubtedly it can. But so, too, can the for the buyers of tobacco to combine to control the prices they pay, it is not illegal for the sellers to combine to con- trol the prices they will sell for. If, instead of making cha of unfair buying methods and tigations, the Georgia had devoted themselves to perfecting co-operative marketing associations, they would sgt need to beg anybody to ve them what their crop cost. The owers of Oalifornia, dealing in uct, are not their cus- it en- other States ration. Un- He tries so hard to get his “money’s .‘,,".‘ began to dawn upon | buf Veteran Kansas Settler Tells of Early Days the “short-grass country,” and the prob- lem was not to reduce the wheat pro= duction but how to produce any whea$ was a trackless waste pr Jand, with practically no trees, and had been roamed over by immense herds of buffalo and prowlin; hands of Indians, who at the time ‘write of still made occasional raids over the country, Chief Joseph and his band 'S | tered the country. The only signs of buffalo at that time were numerous! wallows and huge stacks of bonesp corded up at the railroad stations for ent East, and an abundance of alo chips, which were a to the eflg settlers for fuel. ere were plenty of antelope and wolves, both of the coyote and gray wolf varieties. The country at that time had been “squatted” on by numerous cattlemen with vast herds of cattle and lawless cowboys, and the settlers who were now coming in numbers were regarded as inti ), and there were numerous clashes; for if a settler succeeded in getting a little patch of “sod corn” it was pretty sure to be destroyed by the cattle before it matured. But the set- tlers persisted in coming in, and in time the “herd laws” became effective, and the cattlemen soon departed, ex- cept in & few instances where they had placed a cowboy on each quarter sec- tion and in this way “pre-empted” or “homesteaded” enough land to create a ranch, but these tracts had be fenced. ‘The prairies were covered with a short, velvety grass called “buffalo grass,” which only grew a few inches high, bvt was rich and nutritious and af- forded excellent grazing for cattle. The average rainfall for the year was all ri'lht, but it had a way of coming most vlentifully in the Spring and going bone dry in the hot months of the Sum- mer, when it was most needed. For this reason there was fallure after fail- ure of crops, and many of the home- steaders abandoned their claims and went back to “God’s country,” as they called it. The situation became so serious that help had to be given by the State and the railway shipped in supplies free. Oansuu & law that any home- steader who made entry prioi to June, 1880, could make proof on his lan without further residence, and that proof could be made by power of ate torney. This law was intended as & measure of relief to these early home- steaders, but it proved of doubtful ben- efit. Many had abandoned their claims and left the country with no intention of returning or clal the land, and & horde of land-grabbers sprang up who hastened to get the powers of attorney for a trifle; and when the owner could not easily be located powers of attorney were forged and essional witnesses were used, so that most of this land found its way into the hands of specu- lators and land sharks. But conditions have changed out there in Western Kansas. The rains come now when needed, and the soil is always the ideal for wheat. Statistics show that two-fifths of the country’s wheat crop is raised in Kansas, and more than half of this is raised out there in the short-grass country where it was thought that nothing but cattle could thrive. But Kansas is all right. Those who had faith in the country and held on through all the hardships of the early days and others who had but little faith but held on because they couldn't get away are now living in the city and renting their farms to youn ger e | or living on the interest of their in- vestments and taking pleasure jaunts in their automobiles. covered buggy in Graham County, while today there are approximately 2,000 au- tomobiles. I was mayor of the City of Millbrook, the cmmtf seat of Graham County, when a jolly little cyclone came along and scattered us all about. I had nige buildings, three of them stores, torn to pieces in this storm. And, of course, we all built cyclone cellars after tha it had no use for them. Kansas use to be noted for cyclones, but have you noticed that of late years you seldom hear of one there? They have gone down South or to other sections denuc d of forests, while Kansas is planting trees and driving the cyclones away. I have an idea that the timber cul- ture law has much to do with the pros- perity of Kansas, as well as her im- munity from cyclones. This law pro- vides that where there is no natural timber in a section a person could make an entry of 160 acres of land, 5 acres of sod to be broken the first year; the second year another 5 acres of sod to be broken and the first 5 acres to be plowed up and planted to any kind of & crop; third year the first 5 acres to be pianted to any kind of timber seed or cuttings, and the second 5 acres to & crop, and the fourth year the second § acres to & crop. When these trees are planted they are to be 4 feet apart, and at the end of eight years from date of entry there are to be Ii trees enough to average a rod a) each way, lflad0 then you get a patent s deed to the 160 acres. Originally there was no natural tim- ber:.rowln on the prairie, nothing to b the force of the freezing Mani- toba waves from the North and the red-hot winds from Texas, and no ver- dure or green things to draw moisture, But now, with fine forests and fruit orchards, the climate is enfll’ly changed and the rains come as needed, and a loud cry is sent out for the Kan- sas farmer to stop raising so much wheat. BENJ. B. F. GRAVES, Maine Friendly Toward Canadian Mail Flying Prom the Boston Evening Transcript. Dwellers in the Villages of Northern Maine soon may hear the night mail fiying over, but it will not be the United States that gives the service. Canada has asked for the privilege of estab- Mshing aerodromes to serve as guides in night flying and as emergency landing flelds for pianes carrying the mail be- tween Montreal and Moncton, a rail- road center in New Brunswick. Sec- retary of State Stimson brought the request to the attention of Gov. Gardi- ner. The Maine executive informs the Secretary that there are no known ob- Jections the Oanadi proposal. Canada has already granted permise sion for United States mail carriers to fly along the northern shore of Lake A glance at the map is sufficient re- minder of the way in which Northern Maine projects into Canada. The nat- ural route for communication between the maritime provinces and Montreal 18 across Maine. It has been utilized in the construction of a portion of the Canadian Pacific Railroad there. t it should now become part of the air- way would seem to be reasonable. The granting of the necessary permissi may be looked uj a8 an act of neigh« borly courtesy. the possibilities of th. buying end of the business can befthe navigation of the air been under stood when the northeastern boundary dispute was settled by the Websters Ashburton treaty it is entirely probable that provision would have been made for Canada’s use of the air above the State, as it was that Maine might use the of the St. John for rafting timber. But flyh'l‘: did not figure in of 1842 m.dy'.h potato and the potal Included in Maine are twelfths of the lands involved in the boundary dispute. To give Canada certain rights of way across them is in keepf with the friendly spirit that has existed along the border since the bloodless Aroostook War passed into 1 Godgend | sujted to these ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS j i - BY FREDERIC s e e ent s ns Ask an; estion of ;?%hll}l',n free by mall direct . Inclose m:. :nc address The Evel Information Bureau, director, Washington, D. C. there any of the original of the New Testament in 8, one still exists. Q. What kind of an airplane was Quentin Afln;flell fiying when he was killed?—A. F. A. The ‘)ml:x,.;no was 5 Nieuport 28 with a 150-horsepower Gnome engine. The DTI!IO'I number was 14, and it the insignia of the 95th Aero Squadron ~a bucking bronco. Q. Has the London Bridge e er fallen o omdons Bridge has never actually n fallen down. Old London Bridge, began about 1170, was completed in 1209. It carried a row of timber houses, which were frequently burned down, but the main structure existed until the be- ginning of the nineteenth century. The old bridge was the center for booksellers and other tradesmen. On it stood the Chapel of St. Thomas of Camterbury, and a tower on which the heads of The was idge begun in 1824 and completed 1i. 1831. It is borne on five granite arches, is 928 feet long, 65 feet wide and 56 feet above the river. Q. Just what are minie balls, and why so called?—E. W. A. A. A minfe ball is a conical rifle bullet with a cavity in its base plugged with a metal cap, which, by the ex- plosion of the charge, is driven farther in, e: ding the sides to fit closely the rifling. Such balls were much used in the middle of the nineteenth century, and are named after the inventor, Capt. C. E. Minie of Prance. Q. How long has & O 8 been the universal distress call?>—M. G. A, It replaced C Q D in 1911. Q. Do the stars in the flag represent particular States?—B. V. A. The stars are numbered from left to right, beginning with the top row, and are assigned to States in the order that they entered the Union. star s for Arizona. Q. Why isn't the Hudson Bay used much as & waterway?—R. G, D. A. The Hudson Bay is not an impor- tant waterway because of the proximity of its entrance to the Arctic regions. Past the mout’. of the strait flows stream, often more than 100 miles wide, of berg and floe ice, caused by the tic Current. This makes navigation Arc- | to J. HASKIN. needle to become ungeli- able. only good harbor is at Fort Churchill, Q. What is included in home eco- nomics?—A. K. A. Home economics represents & @o- ordination of Aeven’; kinds olpl-peehl needs of zny life. , & edge tiles and the hygiene and art of cloth- ing; & knowledge of sanitation; of the principles of house decoration; household and institutional manage- ment, and a knowledge of child care. % Qw Who invent:1 logarithms?—M. “A. 'John Napier, a Scotchman, who lived in the early seventeenth century, is usually regarded as their inventor. Q. We have had a discussion whether or not the “Mona Lisa” has eyebrows. d | C#n you give definite information?—C. B. B. A. Da Vincl’s “Mona Lisa” has mo of having their eyebrows plucked 3 cut. There are many instances in the sculpture and painting of the period. It is not known whether “Mona Lisa"” had eyebrows in real life, but the pic- ture shows none. Q. What are sinuses?—E. C. A. The cells or cavities contained in certain bones, as the frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid and cuperior maxillary, are called sinuses. e frontal sinuses are two irregular cdvities extending upward and outward fro. their openings on each side of the nasal spine, between the inner and outer layers of the skull, and separated from one another by & thin bony septum. They give rise to the prominences above the root of the nose, called the nasal eminences. % ‘Why s iron colder than wood?— A. Iron feels colder than wood be- | cause metals are giod conductors of heat, whereas wood is . poor conductor, Q. Who was the “Poet of Rockies”?—H. V. C. 48 A. Oy G. Warman was introduced to un'rxbuc in 1892 by the New York Sun a0 the Rockies.” “Poet of the Among famous compositions song “Sweet Marle.” - it . What is the most lu%m ol lz;nnlt popular color in A. In Euent popularity the rating of the lnder;pu mythu order: Black, blue, brown, green, maroon, At this time last year ‘the colors, their order of popularity, were bilue, brown, green, black, gray and maroon. Q. When were calling cards first Tk leved that something sim- ilar to the modern calling (or &‘mno card was used by the Chinese or some other Oriental people in very early | times. It was first used in the Western ‘World by the Germans in the sixteenth century, and was soon adopted PFrance and elsewhere. Th under Louis XIV, used and ornate cards. When England took g&pmufifi.{mmmm century t) made bty plicity was the Q. What A Y Tajor” ia a civil Iaw term used 3 jor” is & W i5 o that could o pave B et ), On¢ could n Ve the of emebocl':n.o it 1o ter season. The proximity of the trance to the magnetic pole also causes ' of e result”of the operat orces b tion of the f¢ End of Power for Dictator Is Observed ‘The dictatorship of Dr. Augusto Le- guia in Peru, brought to an end by & group of army leaders after 11 yea:s, lt:‘ll:o“d upon by ;msflcm mumn:- as a period under - telligent control, wm“d in the end a failure of ~ aocracy. Few pre- dictions are made for the future. “The country’s affa‘rs seem at this Jjuncture like a pl-;nmwaen acts, and nobody seems to know just what .oln&on behind the cus ," according to the Atlanta Journal. The Seattle Daily Tir s offers the éuflm:nz:h. “‘mi milita; brings mine act that lrzumcflom Tepublics are slow to adopt genuine democratic stitutional government. Instability - is due in part to their lack of tradition and e; lence in local self-government. Also they won their independence 50 years after America cut loose Great Brifain. Without taking into ac- and political history, we have the ad- vantage of 80 years’ actual practice.” Quofin, the current sl , “Long live ‘free’ Peru!” and the demand for freedom “‘from &hfi ll;iufi-'n‘}n o(c‘g{r:nlkele imperialism,’ ”. the Hous! nicle exclaims: * “Leguia was Yankee, a lover of things Ameriea 1, a citizen of the world. Off with his head! And mark it well, was ‘civilian.’ That must indeed be a hateful thing to gentlemen- ‘This fellow demeaned our n | ‘this Intrepid success of the ancient cellent highwa tem was developed Iundzr hn".umymfi"mm." 'fl.l"not- Poor Perul” “Some of the dispatches hint at the old, old story of alien exploitation of the country at the expense of the na- tives,” observes the Harrisburg Patriot, with the further “hope that Americans are not involved in the Peruvian situa- tion. 1If they are,” continues that pa- per, “they will get little sympathy from their fellow countrymen, and they de-| serve little protection from their home government. A carpet-bagging Ameri- can who helps oppress natives in an- other land sets a sorry example of Americanism and forfeits the regard of the home folks.” “The risings in Peru and Bolivia and the threatened trouble in Argentina an other countries,” in the judgment of the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, “are, it seems probable, directly related to un- satisfactogy economic conditions in the Southern continent. It is significant that a Department of Commerce state- ment noted a general condition of de- pression throughout Latin American countries. Economic distress is easily translated in those countries into polit- ical action, especially where a case of unconstitutional conduct can be made out against the existing regime.” A similar position is taken by the Cincinnati Times-Star, which >ices the thought that “if the disturbances in Bolivia and Peru grow to be more revo- lutionary than those in their neighbor states, it will be because popular dis- content during an econom! is intensified by political repression. The presidents of Argentina and Brasil, on their unsteady soils, may be thanl that they have not furnished their peo- ples with just fnevuncu violating cou_titutional law,” concludes the Times-Star, As to the qualities of the deposed Leguia, the Toledo Blade recalls that Incas came to be known as the 7 ‘ncoln t 5 “history will give him rank in_South America almost equal with S8an Martin and Bolivar.” The Ki credits with transf change which “cost money and meant In this higher taxes.” connection the Roanoke Times points out that ‘“he was roads and an ex- & believer in progress in years to i B *E K K “He established that democratic forms and au 1d con- | W in Peru’s Upset Grand Rapids Press, while the Oakland Tribune states as to his position: “Gen- erally, Legula’s administration has been devoted to upbuilding his country’s prosperity and nosition among neigh- bors. He is known as a cultured gentle- man of many attainments, and possesses 80 many friends and supporters that there are ictions the troubles of the republic are not yet over. ences.” The Manchester Leader feels that .‘Tevolutionary activities in Latin Amer- bl e indicative of conditions which more belligerency than the rid can comfortably care for just now.” The Wilmington Delmarvia Star, however, holds that “the stubborn fact remains that the virtually bloodless rev- olution known as the coup d'etat is from | still the only available means of ob- taining a change in such governments.” ‘Apparently the revolt has the -.p- port of the masses,” states the Chicago Daily News. “Its military leaders are said to be lar, and they have prom- ised a e of freedom, concord and loyalty to the constitution.” The De- trolt News feels that the new regime ‘may advance the country one more step on the upward roed.” The Bir- mingham News directs attention to the difficulty that les in the fact that “the ulation is fully 50 per cent full- gl?;:d Indians, the vast proportion of led whom doubtless have no inkling that J-nnnm has me Wwrong.” The Salina fournal feels t “the political life of & dictator is not long,” while the Cleve- land News declares that ‘“viol 8till supreme in_deciding me°x§§'fifn3 fortunes of the Latin Americans,” and the Port Huron Times says as to Le- iy T il e endin, as the beginning of his career. kb — Endurance Tests in Air Held of Great Value From the 8t. Louts Times. For approximately & year the aerial d| endurance flight record of 420 hours aloft made by Dale Jackson and Forest O'Brine remained unsurpassed. Then along came the Hunter brothers, who on July 4, last, set up a record of 553 hours and 41 minutes and the endur- ance test honors went to Chicago. Now once more Jackson and O'Brine and their refueling team, Capt. Bill Brew- ster and P. V. Chaffee, bring back to St. Louis the aeronautic record of sus- tained flight. . It is an aeronautic record. And it is not without its usefulness notwithstand- ing the claims of some who would seek to minimize such efforts. Only by such demonstrations and experiments may the weaker points in the construction of planes be best determined. Hun- dreds of hours of constant vibration tul :;go,nndlnx away furnish a terrific mof tor and plane, to say nothin of the wear and tear physically an mentally on those w! business it is to_keep the plane aloft. ] Endurance flights such as those by Jacksor: and O'Brine and by the Hunt- er brothers constitute notable contribu- tions to the science of alrplane design and construction. They 'have their value to the industry and they are not without their value in arousing public interest in aviation. It goes without saying that the new record, being established by Jackson and O'Brine, will in due time be super- seded others. Aerial endurance faster. Louis i proud of Jackson and O'Brine and their very efficient refuel- crew. ——————— Black Shirts Again. Prom the Worcester Evening Gazette, ‘The announcement from Italy that the Black Shirts now number 1,040,508 g:l:l gnmunu from the assumption e tice without which it seems poesible e B G enumeration, hnu'ulrywm nt M 2 n