Evening Star Newspaper, January 4, 1930, Page 6

THE EVENING IHE EVENING STAR '“ wasted. But Congress wilk find | ernment should only extend its extraor- — Witk Sunday Merning Editlen. WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY. THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company 110 East 42nd ke Michigan Building. 4 Regent St.. London, Engiand. the City. 45¢c Ler nionth 60c per month 5¢ per month Sc per copy each month, or telephore Sunday Star ... Collection made af the Qiders may be sent in by ma fAtional 5000, Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. ly and Sunday.....1 yr..$10.00: 1 mo.. 85¢ iy onlx - 1yrl 36.00: 1 mo.. 50c inday only fly and Sund iy only ay only Member of the Associaied Press. ‘The Associated Press is exclusively entitled o the use for republication of ail news dis- Raiches credited to it or not othei wise cied in this paper and also the local nes Bublished herein. All richis of sublication of #pecial dispatches herei 0 resersed. Business in Order. The Senate reassembles Monday with the tariff bill sull pending. In the offing, however, looms the possibility of & surge of debate on the question of | Prohibition enforcement and prohibition Htself. The question is whether the de- bate of prohibition is to delay further consideration of the tariff bill. Under the Senate rules members of that body are not confined, in their discussions on the floor, to the matter before the Senate. It is as easy for a United States Senator to rise in his place and discuss prohibition while the wool schedule of the tariff bill is the pending business as it is for a blacksmith to break an egg with a sledgehammer. The fear of Senators who actually wish to have the tariff bill, promised long ago to farmers and those industrialisis who have suffered from foreign com- petition, put through the Senate is that the wet and dry question may come up 4t this time and prevent the considera- ton of anything else. ‘With the present agitation over pro- hibition enforcement due to a flare-up among the dry Senators themselves, the threat of a long debate is even greater than if it was merely a question raised between the wets and the drys. Ap- parently there is nothing practical the Senate can do about prohibition en- forcement just at this time. There is mo legislation pending, and none is wo come before the Senate until after a Joint committee of the two houses has had an opportunity to receive the rec- ommendations of the President and his Law Enforcement Commission. But the recent charges brought by & number of Senators against the administration of the prohibition laws have charged the atmosphere about the Capitol, even in these holidays. The them ready and willing to continue the co-operation offered in the past. The present session should not come to a .January 4, 1930/ close without seeing the passage of much needed legislation. ‘The Attorney General's third recom- mendation, and in the eyes of many his most important proposal, is for the passage of additional legisla- tion designed to strengthen the en- forcement of the dry laws. The meat of this new law would be found in the authority to be vested in members of the Metropolitan Police Department to do work now performed by Federal “blue sky” or kindred small group of city policemen deputized to assist them. A recent grand jury recommended that such legislation be enacted, and the executlve heads of the Police De- partment are known to favor it. The number of men assigned to dry law enforcement here has been inadequate 1f the prohibition laws are to be en- forced, the step favored by the Attorney General—and already contained in leg- islation tentatively prepared by Sen- ator Howell—should be taken. But along with this step there must be another. The Metropolitan Police Department is already undermanned. There are not enough policemen to | give the city needed protection. The | heads of the Police Department have made formal recommendations for more men. They should be provided. Nothing of any great importance is to be accomplished by putting extra men on prohibition work, thus reducing the already slim remainder available for general police work, unless the force is + increased. 1f all policemen are to be given the status of prohibition agents, there must be more policemen. The Capitol Fire. Every indication points to the fact that the fire at the Capitol last eve- ning, which fortunately did but slight little to the structure, was caused by an accident, possibly to carelessness in the disposal of smoking materials. The close coincidence of this blaze and that which on Christmas eve swept the Ex- ecutive Ofice Building prompted at the outset the thought of a possibly in- cendiary origin. However, the execu- tive offices’ fire is structural cause and that of last eve- ning at the Capitol likewise is traced to an origin that is wholly innocent of criminal intent. Nevertheless, it is passing strange that these two bulldings, representing the legislative and the executive branches of the Government—yvirtually the judi- clal as well, owing to the present occu- pancy of the Capitol by the Supreme Court—should have been attacked by flames so nearly simultaneously. Both of them were badly wrecked by fire in 1814, when the British troops occupled ‘Washington for a brief period during the War with England. There was then no chance coincidence, it being flame of debate may burst forth spon- taneously soon after the body meets, and once the wet and dry question is up it is likely to prove a tough job be held responsible for whatever is or is not done. For a year the country has been wait- make, if it wishes, to the cause of stabilization of business which was shaken in recent months by the up- heaval In the stock market. Doubtless prohibition enforcement 1s & subject which should be thoroughly discussed in the Senate and out of it. But there is a time for everything. The orderly procedure of the business of the Senate demands that the tariff bill be acted upon now. Politics may, in some quarters, demand delay of the tariff bill. Nobody wishes to be accused of flibustering against the tariff bill. Prolonged discussion of. prohibition enforcement at this time, however, would prove as effective as a direct filtbuster in preventing early action on prohibition agents apd a relltlvelyl damage, chiefly to contents and but | attributed 0 8| tne mob that is likely, with sufficient jdinary aid to a few natural air trans- portation routes. For about ten years now the efforts of the Government and private indus- try to establish airmail routes have been largely ploneering in character, Now the days of ploneering are over. But during the past ten years the people of the country have been led to believe that one of their chief duties as cit- izens lay in malling everything via the airmail. The importance of confining airmail communications to those act- | ually requiring speed of transmission has never been mentioned. On the | other hand, the propaganda has been directed toward getting every mailable object, from chicks to birthday greet- ings, aboard an airplane. Mr. Glover hints at a reversal of this policy. The postal authorities evidently believe that | there are not only unnec:ssary airmail routes in operation now, but that too much unimportant and trivial matter is being cerried by the alrmail. Along with a curtailment of Government mail contracts, there may come & system- atized effort to confine the use of the atrmail to really important matter. At least two companies have recently asked the Government for airmail con- tgacts, guaranteeing to transport the | malls at cost, or $2.10 a pound. The rate now being paid may be too high. Aviation progress may justify & cut in the contract rate. But the postal au- thorities must study and know their ground thoroughly before advocating any restriction of the use of the airmail. After educating the people to use of the airmall it is & gsture of ques- tionable benefit to turn about face and tell them they are using it unneces- sarily. No subsidy will yield the Gov- ernment higher returns in the end than money devoted to encouraging air transportation, A deficit incurred in such activity needs no apology. —r———— Discussion of reparations at The Hague again calis attention to war as & demonstration which involves -tremen- dous expense and whose benefits are in’ most instances extremely doubtful. It arises because of a primitive inclination to believe that it is easier to fight ‘bllndly than to think intelligently. e Boston, with a reputation, well earned, for sedate intellectuality, does not hesitate to remind the world that it still has in its make-up material for provocation, to forget some of the formalities. O — Evidence in the case of Arnold Rothstein leads into many suggestions of underworld activities. His career affords new encouragement to those who quote Shakespeare, “The evil that men do lives after them.” ——— ‘There have been exceptionally warm days so far during the Winter. They cause carelessness and leave the pneu- monia germ no reason for complaint of unemployment. B the deliberate purpose of the invaders to wreck, if not wholly to destroy, the American Capital. ‘This Capitol fire will prove to be a blessing if the disclosure effected by it of fire-inviting conditions leads to cor- Much of the damage done by the flames and by the water used in tol where similar conditions exist, tons of papers being stored in several sec- tions, some of them of known value, some of possible value and some of no value whatever. But all of this mate- rial, whatever its record or historical importance, is a menace to the struc- ture, A committee on the “disposition of useless executive papers” is maintained as one of the standing committees of the House of Representatives. There is no such committee for the disposition of uesless legisiative papers. Yet the Cap- itol is packed with them, and their pres- ence in the building—or even the pres- ence of semi-useless papers that should be stored elsewhere—is an Invitation to disaster. In a building of such age and such historic importance, not to speak of its utility, there should be the utmost pos- sible safeguards against fire. Inflam- mable materials, trimmings, furniture, the tariff, r—— Airplane crashes continue In distress- ing news prominence. One of Lind- bergh's best contributions to seronautics | ‘was his advice to devote more attention to general safety conditions and less o efforts to duplicate his own brilllant feat. He studied its hazards with minute care and does not regard it as | @R everyday enterprise even for his own superior skill. ————— Mr. Mitchell’s Recommendations. The recommendations of Attorney @eneral Mitchell for improvement of | "' M4 It hard to creale a plot that | law enforcement machinery in the Capital and for laws providing more protection to Capital residents will be generally approved. None of them is new. All have been recommended in one form or another by citizens or officials and are necessitated by condi- tions with which Washington is fa- miliar. ‘The plea that two more judges be 8dded to the District Supreme Court 18 based on evidence existing in the pile of unfinished business now clogging the oourts. This unfortunate state of af- falrs, denying quick justice to all classes of litigauts, is due to the in- ereased demands brought upon the eourts by new legislation; to the growth of the city and therefore the business of the courts, and by the limit- ed personnel on the bench of & court that is extraordinary by reason of its far-reaching jurisdiction. Two more Judges will enable the District Supreme Court to make rapid inroads upon the nass of litigation awaiting disposal. ‘The recommendation for laws to pro- tect the purchaser of securities against the shyster and the trickster has been before Congress for & number of years. It is to be hoped that the weight given to this recommendation by the Attorney General will have the desired effect, and that Congress will move speedily to enact legislation of a type that our heighboring States have found most ‘workable. Washington bankers, business men and investment brokers have testi- Tled before congressional committees in the past as to the form that this legis- lation should take. As far as dgncerns tation. Postal authorities are now ynow how the contents gegerally, should be reduced to the absolute minimum. The most scrupulously constant and faithful watch ishould be kept over every portion of the structure. It would seem from the reports of yesterday's blaze at the Capl- tol that the fire had been in progress ' for more than an hour before the alarm was sounded. Searching inquiry into the cause of this delay in the discovery of the fire is imperatively demanded. e Screen star$ in some instances can secure more publicity for their divorces l'.I'Alll for their pictures. The scenario will rival romance in real life. ——— The Airmail Cost. One of the major problems con- fronting Postmaster General Brown and others who are laboring to cut the postal deficit lies in what to do with airmail contract rates. Airmall con- tracts have constituted a governmental subsidy that as much as anything else accounts for the marvelous growth and development of commercial aviation in ‘lhhl country. Without these contracts there would be little encouragement to the bold ploneers who have blazed new paths through the air and made them highways for steadily increasing traffic. But the process has been expensive. According o W. Irving Glover, Sec- ond Assistant Postmaster General, oper- ation of the airmail service is 150 per cent higher than the ordinary first- class postal rate. It costs the Govern- ment $8.81 a pound to transport air- mail from Boston to Los Angeles and it receives only 80 cents a pound for this service. “It is imperative,” says Mr. Glover, “that there must be & re- adjustment in the rates now paid by the Government to airmall contrac- tors. This problem s now being worked out by the officials in charge.” Mr. Glover estimates that 85 per cent of maiter now carried by the air- mail does not require extraordinary only be used when speed is of such im- portance as to justify the incrrased cost and then only between such points speed. He believes that alrmall should In bootleg circles the hi-jacker puts in a strong claim to recognition as the “man higher up.” —————————— A new “Shop early” slogan asserts itself among citizens of the District of STAR, WASHINGTON, b 500 2 THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL, Nothing so shocks the average sense of the usual as something out of the ordinary at dinner, lunch or breakfast. We experimented with this trait of humanity during the holidays by telling friends that we were going to have— o had had, as the case was—waffles {for Christmas dinner. “What!" was the universal exclama- Some even refused to believe at all, but contented themselves with smiling incredulously, as if picturing a gigantic turkey. The truth was, however, that we not only had waffles and maple sirup, but enjoyed them much more than we would have done with turkey, chicken, beef or whatnot. The only reason for making Christ- mas dinner a “feed” is the custom of the thing. Perhaps it would be better ‘0 say that the universal habit of hav- ing & large and heavy dinner on Christ- mas and New Year is due to custom. One ought to be free to have a feast or a small dinner, just as he wishes; but the fact is that if one dares to transgress the bounds of the usual he must face the displeasure of those who do observe it. “What! Waffles for Christmas din- ner? Who ever heard of such a thing?” Who ever did, it must be confessed. But why not? * K K K ‘Why not? we ask again, More and more people are getting away from the ancient idea of stuffing themselves with unwanted and un- necessary food on the various feast days, such as Thanksgiving, Christmas, New Year. In the pioneer years of the country the feast days meant groaning boards, it is true; but it must be remembered that nobody then had as much to eat day by day as the mass of the popula- tion has today. ‘There is little doubt that most peo- ple eat more than is good for them now. They no longer take the physical ex- ercise which their ancestors did, nor have they as hale and hearty constitu- tions, generally speaking. Above all, their everyday diet is too full, despite the great strides which vegetables and fruits have made in the average dietary during recemnt years. If any one wants to know positively how much too much he eats every day, let him cut his food intake in half and see if he does not get along just as well as, if not better than, before. The classic instance, of course, was the Venetian nobleman, Louis Cornaro, who lived to the ripe age of ‘104 years on a few ounces of food a day. Cornaro ate 14 ounces a day in an age when many thought nothing at all of eating as many pounds. No meal was complete without half a dozen meats for a starter. One of the anclent Roman emperors (who was 8 feet tall, by the way) drank 6 gallons of wine and ate 40 pounds of meat during the course of one of his average days. * X % One does not have to be, alas, & Roman roughneck emperor to overeat, nor, happlly, a Venetian nobleman, to eat moderately! What one must have, however, is the desire to do as one pleases and a healthy dislike for the customary when what the individual does harms no one else. ‘We have discussed in this column the good side of custom in regard to man- uers, courtesy, the necessity for the usual forms of politeness. " One’s meals, however, are strictly ene’s own business, with the possible exception of those taken in public. There some obeisance must be made to custom. cannot go into a “coffee shoppe” and ask for a cup of hot water, even if he could get it. At home, however, a man ought to be able to eat to please himself, and if he can eat to help his system, which is the prime purpose of eating, after all, he is much the gainer. We would not put ourself in the position of saying that one should eat for benefit only. The taste of things has a place. The pleasures of the table include more than the bare feeding. Even the enjoy- ment of food with one's nose, as _the gourmands phrase it, has its place. The smell of savory dishes undoubtedly tickles the entire digestive tract, caus- ing the secretion of necessary flulds. Greater than these is the desire to do as one pleases. Because every other ‘fom, Dick and Harry has turkey for Christmas is no reason why Johnny mu: No, let John have waffles if he wants waffles. You turkey hounds would be amazed at how good Johnny's waffles tasted to Johnny And the maple sirup which went over them was the genuine thing, fresh from Vermont trees. It was not the sickly, sticky stuff made mostly from cane Sugar, flavored with maple, but was genuine maple sirup. It had & bouquet, a pleas- ant odor, and a taste at once mild, alluring and beneficlal. The waffles themselves were part corn. ‘Those who do not know corn waffles do not know this greatest of batter dishes. There will always be a difference of opinion as to pancakes and waffles. Some favor the one, some the other, but the addition of corn' meal helps both. Our personal taste is for all-corn, but many like a mixture bet- ter. Corn cakes have s more distinct taste than simple wheat cakes. Corn takes one out on the great prairies and sends up In the most modern dwelling a smell of clean earth, fresh winds, bright Yes, these things all have fragr but it takes more than & nose to smell them, * o ok If one has enough brains to like corn watfles and enough skill to make them, or is lucky enough to sit down before them as made by some one else, he finds himself in an enviable position. O maize, O Indian corn! You are blessed above all the daughters of the fleld! When ome recalls the corn cakes, the waffles, the popcorn, the hominy, the mush, the fried mush, to name only a few, which are built, con- structed and devised from thee and with thy ald, he relegates wheat to second place and rice to a third. Corn is the American food which somehow goes so well with American tastes, The difficulty of getting corn meal today in its unprocessed state should deter no one from trying. There a world of difference in corn meal— all that has “water ground” on the package is not the real thing, by any means. Nor does a deep yellow color necessarily mean a fine, deep corn taste. Waffles made of good corn meal with some wheat flour, send up a savory odor in cooking unlike any other food. It is something like popcorn popping, but not exactly; something like fried mush frying, but not precisely. Corn meal waffles are the best waffles which can be made, and if any one contradicts us we can but reply that his taste and our taste are different. Because there are so many varieties of taste is the reason why one may have waffles for Christmas dinner while 30,000,000 other families have turkey or_chicken. Picture a steaming waffle, plenty of good butter, some real maple sirup, a glass of cold milk. Who could ask for more—except another waffle? The necessity for moderation is even greater than with turkey. But a good feature of corn foods is that one may eat a lot without surfeit. Think of popcorn. Think most, however, of corn waffles— There is a certain seemliness in all things. Christmas dish unexcelled. With plenty of good butter and a glass of cold milk. Columbia requiring automobile licenses. e SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER \JDIHION. Another Gentle Saint. ‘There's many another mirth day To cheer the Wintry scene. We'll hail the honored birthday ‘With homage all serene. And there's another day we'll greet With sentiment so fine. Again we'll be rejoiced to meet Our friend St. Valentine. His lay is slight and fleeting, His pictured worth is small, But heartfelt is his greeting— A greeting best of all. We're grateful for the days of cheer Awalting still in line. Though frivolous, we'll hold him dear, Our friend St. Valentine, Enthusiastic Recipients. “Your constituents seem te think you can give them everything they ask for.” “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum. “Every once in & while I have to remind them that Christmas comes but once a year and that, anyhow, there isn't any Santa Claus.” Jud Tunkins says & friend of his who | smoked in bed has quit keing so positive that smoking Is never injurious. Overdoing 1It. “Oh, let's keep smiling,” thus we sing. “Be joyous, more and more"— Yet he who laughs at everything ‘Will soon become & bore, Falling Into Fortune. “Did you go to a night club while you were in New York?"” “One,” answered Farmer Corntossel. “And I got right out on the floor and danced?” “Did anybody laugh?"” “Everybody did. And the boss of the place sald that any time I wanted to sign up he’'d give me a regular job as a i comic entertainer.” “Selfishness,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “may lead & man to power it it does not render him entirely ridic- ulous.” 'aith, ‘The mocking bird still lingers near, ‘Though silent is his song. He knows that Spring will soon be here And bids our faith be strong. “De fashions foh work don't change much,” sald Uncle Eben. “Dar ain’ no new 1930 models of pick and shovel.” ——epy Should Have Known. From the Port Wayne News-Sentinel. While bathing at a French seaside resort, an income tax collector was at- tacked by a shoal of ‘ellyfllh. but_one on any such occupation should have known just exactly what to do under the circumstances. —————— 'ough on Troops. From the Detroit News. ‘The ex-overseas doughboy says he pities the Russian forces in Manchuria, what with the weather and trylng to ask for chocolate in a Chinese grocery store. Enough. From the Los Angeles Express. as actually are served by air transpor- Borah Stirs Renewed Debate On Prohibition Enforcement Both friends and foes of prohibition have been drawn into the debate started by Senator Borah and other members of Congress over the efficlency of the Wickersham Law Enforcement Commis- sion and of the Government officials ;:hlr'ed with the duty of enforcing the aw. “Mr. Borah’s sweeping condemnation of ‘the present personnel from top to bottom' "of the Federal Prohibitlon Bureau,” in the opinion of the Spring- field, Mass., Republican, “might easily be interpreted as a complete giveaway of the prohibition cause. Naturally there are those who give it that inter- pretation. They argue that if the pres- ent force, largely a product of Civil Service, competitive examinations, is as utterly worthless for enforcement pur- s as Mr, Borah has indicated, it is opeless to expect satisfactory results of any force that might be established hereafter. Mr. Borah obviously used the language of exaggeration—perhaps with deliberation for a special purpose. But from the dry viewpoint his lan- guage was dangerous to his own cause.” * K ok % “Mr. Borah may say that the com- mission is useless., That is his private opiniton,” says the Columbus Ohlo State Journal. “He may charge that the present enforcement personnel will never make the law effective, That is almost an ohvious truth, but still comes within the category of personal opinion. But Borah may mnot say conclusively that the personnel ‘from top to bottom’ 1s unwilling to enforce the law, because that is & reflection upon the good char- acter of some, is harmful, and, besides belng an opinfon, is & specific charge that he must prove before it is acceptable.” His attack was, “of course, t0o sweep- ing,” according to the Chattanooga News, which asserts that “there are many efficient cogs in the prohibition machinery and we believe that progress has been steady. might have recognized that fact i of indicting the entire person: cludes the News. The Spokane Spokes- man-Review, expressing its esteem for Senator Borah, feels that “the admis- slon is compelled that he spoke without adequate consideration.” The Spokane paper adds that “recent disclosures in the Coeur d'Alenes might lead some to the conclusion, perhaps erroneous, that conditions in Senator Borah's State are not up to the average, so far as prohibi- tion enforcement goes.” * ok oA % A warning comes from the Detroit News in the statement: “The worst harm strict prohibitionists can do the cause consists in imputing unworthy motives to all who criticize illegal means of enforcing the dry laws. If those laws are not strict enough, 1t is up to Con- gress to amend them. But not even Congress can override the Constitu- tion's limitations on searches and seizures.” Statement that “a man’s home is his castle,” made the foundation for the attack on Judge Paul J. McCormick of the Law Enforcement Commission, is discussed by the Omaha World-Herald with the statement: “The policeman on the beat who essays to be a tyrant be- cause of the uniform, the star, and the stick that he carries, is more a breeder of criminals than a guardian against them. The court that sanctions the acts of officers who themselves break the law in seeking lawbreakers, is un- dermining the citizens' confidence In justice.” “Borah luflporled the President in 1928," recalls the New York Sun, “largely because Mr. Hoover was a dry. Now the Idaho orator condemns the personnel in charge of prohibition en- forcement, although Mr. Hoover took pains to name a dry Attorney General and to retain a prohibition commis- sioner whose sympathy with the law is The farm boy who rod> 7 miles cling- ing to the tail of an airgjgne ought to man fele)who had a oy action by Congress, thelr time has leaning to the theory that the Gov- bear by the talls famous. And wasn't it Senator Borzh who admitted, in his debate with Dr. Builer, that it might require centuries to complete the reform almed at by the eighteenth amendment? Senator Harris demands that Judge McCormick be removed from the President’s com- mission on crime because the judge re- marked that the commission regarded liquor conditions and Government law- lessness as major issues. Of what genuine use would a commission be if it were not free to form its own opinions?” The Charlotte Observer expresses the view that Dr. Dorgn, Assistant Secretary Lowman and Attorney General Mitchell have made records for consistent pur- pose to do the best they could with the machinery at hand to enforce prohibi- tion; that they have at least proved faithful and honest. The Milwaukee Journal, however, believes that “a con- vinced public opinion is the only real enforcer of laws, and public opinion in this case refuses to be sufficiently aroused.” The Utica Observer-Dispatch takes the position that Senator Borah “agrees with one of the lines of attack laid down by the wet propaganda.” ‘That paper asks, “Is it just possible that the Senator has been influenced Dby this propaganda, or has he accurate information on which to base his judg- ment?” * K K K “It is not simply a coincidence, per- haps,” states the Chattanooga Times, “that all of this congressional beating of the prohibition tom-tom is being done by Senators from dry agricultural States. If they have failed to give their constituents the rellef they promised, they can at least whoop it up for pro- hibition, in the hope of transforming agrarian displeasure into dry alarm and transferring the resentment of their constituents from themselves to the ad- ministration.” ‘The attack on Judge McCormick si gests to the Little Rock Arkansas De crat that “the report of the Law En. forcement Commission must be agree- able to the prohibitionists or it will not be accepted,” and that his pppo- nents “apparently subscribe to the theory that a prohibition officer can do no wrong.” ‘The Chicago Dally News declares: “Judge McCormick’s reported obse) tions deprecating recklessness and law- lessness on the of prohibition agents expressed the sentiment of im- partial and unprejudiced persons. They did not challenge the merits of prohibi- tlon, That agents of the law must themselves respect the law is an axiom which requires neither defense nor ex- planation.” The Asbury Park Press concludes that “the time when liquor law enforcement rings with sincerity has not yet arrived, and until it does riodic ‘charges of inefficlency and ypocrisy will be & true reflection of the facts.” v .o Vault Is Advocated To Keep U. S. Papers From the Buffalo Evening News. ‘The executive offices, which have been burned, had no such historic asso- clations as attached to the White House proper. 1t is reflection on the building Inspection and watchman service, how- ever, that such a fire should have gain- ed start enough to be destructive. Much correspondence and other documents relating to former Presidents have burned. The Capital should have vault space for the storage of papers that are worth preservin, e What's a Pump? From the Toledo Blade. Everything in our bright land has been speeded up except the old town pump in the village square and the courts of justice. y B RPN Reason to Laugh. From the Plorence (Ala.) Hersld, A sclentist decl that man; ni- p it mals laugh. The: ld hardly if they observed closely, SATURDAY, JANUARY 4, 1930. [ THE LIBRARY TABLE By the Booklover Alfred Kreymborg, author of “Our Singing Strength,” s of Danish an- cestry, as his name indicates, but was born in New York City. As a boy he was a chess prodigy and between the ages of 17 and 25 supported himself by teaching chess and playing in matches. But he did not intend even 50 Intellectual a gamc as chess to be his life work, and in 1914 founded the Glebe, which issued the first anthology of free verse. Other edi- torial ventures and other anthologies followed and Mr. Kreymborg found time for writing an autoblography, “Troubadour,” and & volume of poems, “The Lost Sail: A Cape Cod Diary.” For the past two years he has been occupled with the writing of “Our Sing- ing Strength,” an outline of American poetry from the landing of the Pilgrims in 1620 to the beginning of 1930. The title of the book is that of one of Robert Frost's poems, two lines of which are: “Well, something for a snowstorm to have shown The country's singing strength thus * brought together.' * x % Mr. Kreymborg's poetic criticism is not of the old-fashioned type, yet it recognizes many of the old values, His choice of titles for his chapters arouses immediate interest and curiosity. “Two Poets in Two Centuries” chiefly con- cerns Philip Freneau and Timothy Dwight, poets of the Revolution, who lived until after the War of 1812, In the chapter “Forefather Bryant” we are told that, although Bryant lived to be very old, he wrote less poetry than Keats, who died in his twenty-sixth year, or Shelley, who died before he was 30, because Bryant had so many other problems as family man, editor and public-spirited American. “The Weary Wayworn Wanderer” tells the tragic story of Edgar Allan Poe. “The Intoxicated Emerson” sounds rather shocking until we discover that the adjective applies to the rhapsody of his poetry; even then we doubt its appropriateness. “A Rustic Quaker Goes to War” can, of course, apFly to no other than Whittier. *“The Fallen Prince of Popularity” shows the de- cline of Longfellow in public esteem as critical standards have changed. Lowell is characterized in the chapter “The Poet of Too Many Isms.” Some may again disagree with Mr. Kreymborg over the intoxicated quality of the poetry of Emily Dickinson, whose chap- ter is entitled “The Tippler Leaning Against the Sun.” “Whitman and the Democratic Cosmos” shows Walt Whit- man as “Walt, child of the mass.” “The Wise Music of Robinson” and “The Fire and Ice of Robert Frost” speak for themselves. “Springfield, Spoon River and the Prairies” appreciatively inter- prets Ezra Pound, Edgar Lee Masters, Carl Sandburg and Vachel Lindsay. One of the concluding chapters, “Youth Moves on Toward Maturity,” summa- rizes the work of “recent Midwestern poets, with emphasis on the ploneers at the University of Chicago; * * * New Englanders, ‘with emphasis on the Harvard group; * * * the revived interest in narrative, led by Robinson Jeffers; and * * the young group of hard-boiled poets, led by Joseph Man- cure March.” * x % % “Emma Willard, Daughter of Democ- racy,” by Alma Lutz, is a contribution to the history of American education, Emma Willard was a ploneer in edu- tion for women, in the first place be- cause she craved education so much for herseif at a time when it was not con- sidered very necessary for women. Her father, a Connecticut farmer, sympa- thized with her desire for knowledge, even though she wanted to study ge- ometry, which was & most “unwoman- ly” subject. At the end of the elght- eenth century, even the district schools were for boys only. Gradually girls se- cured the advantage of the use of the schools during the Summer, when the boys were work on the farms. Board- ing schools were for the wealthy only and the chief subjects taught in them were French, music, painting and em- broidery. These were not enough for Emma Willard, then Emma Hart, so she proceeded to teach herself mathematics and various other things. Soon she was teaching others. Teaching at Middle- bury Pemale Academy, she became ac- quainted with Dr. Willard, a leading citizen, and married him. He en- couraged her radical ideas. When she was 34 she founded a school of her own, the Troy Female Seminary, in which she established & curriculum containing all the subjects she had wished to learn herself—mathematics, physiology, geog- hy, literature and history. She also original ideas about ‘methods of teaching and wrote “A Plan for Im- proving Female Education,” which had & great influence on all the early col- leges for women. * k% ok A supplement to a standard English history extending through the nine- teenth century is “This GEneration; a History of Great Britain and Ireland ; from 1900 to 1926,” by Thomas CGox Meech. The method of this history is astrictly chronological. Events of all types are recorded as they happened, Wwithout much attempt at co-ordination. The various British ministries of course occupy the center of the book, with accounts of the statesmen and poli- ticians who have arisen during the pe- riod. 'Some of the political and social questions which are discussed are wom- an suffrage, housing, liquor licensing, ifee trade, the dole, the coal strike, pensions, taxation and parliamentary reform. The death of Edward VII, the accession of George V, the World War and the Washington and Locarno Con- ferences since the war are all included. * kX Napoleon has become a popular sub- ject for mod:rn psychological investiga- tion. Emil Ludwig analyzed him at every stage in his career and pro- nounced him an ego-centric genius, not & very different dictum from the usual one of histories published before the vogue of Herr Freud. In “Napoleon Self-Destroyed,” by Plerce Clark, an American psychologist of note, Napo- leon is shown as a great, neurotic ego- tist. Even as a boy he was offensive in his self-esteem, and on the death of his father he announced, “Joseph may be the eldest, but henceforth I am to be considered the head of the family.” His self-confidence and self-worship grew with each stage in his success until he came to think of himself as a god. With self-esteem grew his arrc- gance, of course, until he was as hated as he was feared. So long as success did not fall he was completely blind to his place in the opinion of his con- lemporaries and he never had s sense of humor by which to check himself. The Russian campaign was the height of his egotistic madness. From that to Waterloo his downfall was rapid. Dr. Clark says: “No name represents so completely and conspicuously dominion, splendor and catastrophe. He raised himself by the use and ruined himself by the abuse of superhuman faculties. He was wrecked by the extravagance of his own genius.” * ok % % The son of William Ewart Gladstone has supplemented the Morley “Life of Gladstone.” “After Thirty Years” is by Viscount Gladstone, the elder son of the great Victorlan statesman and prime minister. Morley made plain the im- portance of religion in Gladstone's life. Viscount Gladstone says of his father that faith was “the constant and ab- sorbing ion of his life and the source of his strength. ° * * I was in the nature of things that we should go to church twice on Sunday and attend prayers at home. One of my earliest recollections is the sight of his big Bible n on the dressing table, which he read dally as he dressed or undressed. * ¢ ¢ As we grew old- er he would occasionally on Sundays give us and two of my sisters a Bible subject involyi some point of con- tradiction or difficulty. We wrote our answers and discussion followed. We knew he liked us to consult him on these matters and we sometimes did.” ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Any reader can get the answer to any quesu’on by writing to our Information Bureau in Washington, D. C. This offer applies strictly to information. ‘The bureau cannot give advice on legal, medical and financial matters. It does not attempt to settle domestic troubles nor undertake exhaustive research on any subject. Write your question plain- ly and briefly. Give full name and address and inclose 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. The reply is sent direct to the inquirer. Address The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washing- ton, D. C. Q. What does Yehudi, the given name of the violin prodigy, mean?—S, T. A. Yehudi Menuhin is the son of Jewish parents who gave him the name Yehud! because it is Hebrew for Jew. Q. What is a person called who is an habitual criminal?—P. T. A. A confirmed criminal is called a recidivist. In the United States the term is also applied to a person serving a second term in prison. Q. How many women attend school in the Sorbonne?—S. P. A. A. This year there are more than 10,000 co-eds in the Sorbonne. This is in striking contrast to conditions 25 years ago when only 52 women were taking courses there. Q. Are Christmas carols always sup- posed to be joyful?—W, W. S. A. The carol was orginally a joyous dance, a sign of liberation from the religious austerity of the Puritan era. Percy Dearmer, writing in “The Oxford Book of Carol: says, “The carol, by forsaking the timeless contemplative melodies of the church, began the era of modern music, which throughout has been based on the dance.” Q. What is the largest cemetery in France?—B. J. . A. The new cemetery of Thials, near Paris, is said to be the largest cemetery in France. It covers 107 hectares in one plot of ground and is noted for its great beauty as well as size, Q. What was Henry Ford's scheme for issuing paper money?—L. B. A. When Henry Ford was seeking to buy the Muscle Shoals plant in Ala- bama from the Government he suggest- ed that the $40,000,000 necessary to complete the dam could be issued in greenbacks based on the potential earn- ings of the plant. He stated at the time that the currency could and should be based on matural resources. The idea is not a new one, Fiat money has been tried out repeatedly. Q. Why wasn't a place farther West chosen for the Capital of the United States?—W, T. 8. A. When the Natlonal Capital was cstablished at Washington the country west of the Mississippi was scarcely in- habited except by Indian tribes, there- fore Washington was centrally located with respect to the States then in ex- istence. ~The question of moving the National Capital to a more central po- sition has repeatedly been discussed, but the importance of the question is not so paramount at the present time because of the development of trans- portation and communication. Since the construction of railroads and the inauguration of the telephone, wireless telegraphy and wireless telephony, as well_as the telegraph, the Capital of the United States can be kept in con- stant communication with any part of the country. Q. Who founded the Jesult order?—e M. W. A. Ignatius of Loyola, the founder of the Soclety of Jesus or Jesuits, was born in 1491 of a noble house at the castle of Loyola, Spain. He was a s0l- er, and desperately wounded in the with Prance, and during his con- lescence determined to become & knight of Christ.” He reported divine visions and commissions, and after much hardship succeeded in founding an order which devoted itself to the extension of the faith, particularly undertaking missionary work. one of the most powerful of the Roman Catholic religious organizations. Q. By what rule should a person be guided, In adopting a trade mark, in endeavoring to avoid infringement of a trade mark already in use by some one else?—H. P. A. The courts have said that a per- son entering a field of endeavor al- ready occupled by another should, in the selection of a trade name or trade mark, keep far enough away to avoid all possible confusion. Whether there is an infringement of a trade mark does not depend upon the use of iden- tical words, nor on the question as to whether they are so similar that a per- son looking at one would be deceived into the belief that it was the other, The courts incline to hold that infringe- ment occurs if one adopts a trade name or a trade mark so like another in form, spelling or sound that a per- son with a not very definite or clear recollection as to the real trade mark, is likely to become confused or misled. Q. When was the Jefferson Memorial Foundation formed?—F. S. A. It was formed April 13, 1923, on the 180th anniversary of Thomas Jef- ferson’s birth. It has acquired Jeffer- son’s home, Mcnticello, and is devoting its efforts to its upkeep and restora- tion. Q. Why were Torles so called?—W. D. A. The nickname was first given by the Whigs about 1679 to their adver- sarfes, to confuse them with outlaws in the Irish begs, who were called Tories. Q. How long have college board ex- aminations been in general use?—I. L. A. In June, 1916, the examinations prepared by the College Entrance Ex- amination Board were adopted as the standard of admission for colleges, Q. Is there a name for fish which go ;mm salt water to fresh to spawn?— . R A. Such fish are termed anadromous The Pacific salmon and the shad are examples. Fish which go from fresh water to salt to spawn are called catadromous. The eel is an example. Q. When will the next eclipse of the sun take place?—I. R. A. The Naval Observatory says that the next eclipse of the sun be on April 28, 1930. It will be total along a very narrow path in the Western part of the United States. Q. How many people spend vacations on dude ranches?—J. J. C. A. The American Mntorist says that in 1928 the Dude Ranc rs’ Association had 120 members and that the number of the people who spend their vacations on these ranches runs into the tens of thousands. Q. How many enumerators will be needed for the 1930 census>—C. R. 8. A. Approximately 100,000 enumerators will be required for local purposes, Windowless Homes to Solve Future Ventilation Problems ‘The next half century will see the practical elimination of three of the greatest scourges of the human race, in the opinion of medical authorities who have studied recent scientific developments. Rickets, disease of childhood, which warps and weakens bones, can be con- quered by the scientific introduction of matural sunlight, rich in ultra violet rays, into every corner of every room in every home. ‘Tuberculosis will be rendered impo- tent by the construction of homes in which there is plenty of clean air and sunlight. Hay fever, asthma and kindred ail- ments will vanish when it becomes pos- sible for the victims to live and work in_atmospheres uncontaminated by the pollen and dust particles that cause those conditions. Houses Without Windows. Modern science declares that all this is le today and predicts a near future when no one would consider working or living under air and light conditions now accepted as unavoidable. Paradoxical as it may seem, house which will be lighted by su light will have no windows except, per- haps, a few at convenient locat to provide views of the outside, and these probably will be constructed so that they cannot be opened. Pure air, properly humidified and heated or cooled to the proper tem- perature, will be delivered in every room by ventilating equipment which will eliminate germs and dust particles. Dr, Frank E. Hartman, Chicago physicist, writ:s: “Few school rooms and practically no large offices and works| can be uniformly illuminated by windows. Much of the complaint of improper heating during Winter is due to the disturbing influence of the glass. It is difficult to locate direct radiation effectually when large glass surfaces are encountered. Economic Factor Cited. “The best of mechanical ventilation ‘must ultimately suffer the fault of poor alr distribution, due to the disturbance of the thermal equilibrium occasioned by the presence of windows. Economi- cally, windows have much to answer for. The flow of heat through them creates a fuel consumption that our resources innot indefinitely endure. They are a disturbing element in the proper designing of ventilating systems, not only due to thermal disturbances but to their tendencles toward leakage, which renders it economically imprac- tical to carry on air pressure in the house sufficient to exclude the uncon- ditioned air of the street. “As a mental disturber in schools and offices, & source of noise and distrac- tion, they contribute considerably to economic loss, while the temptation to open them and let in ‘fresh’ air has done more to retard scientifically cor- ;fl't ventllation than any other single actor.” Window Light Defective. As a source of {llumination windows are hardly more efficient. Located as they must be in vertical positions on side walls, they receive during most of the day only diffused or reflected light. M cities much of this is cut off by the height of adjoining buildings. Even if provided with transmission glass, per- mitting the entrance of the ultra violet y 80 necessary to health and the one agency necessary, in addition to proper diet, to conquer rickets in children, only a small portion of & room could recelve these rays during & small poy- tion of the day. The ordinary street offers no reflecting surfaces suitable for reflecting skylight into such windows. ‘The projection lantern and the ordi- nary camera have shown that light can be_concentrated, diffused and reflected. Plans now belng made for a windowless experimental laboratory in which Dr. Hartman hopes to study the physical properties and physiological effects of alr under what might be considered as ideal conditions of ven- tilation. This laboratory will be flooded by sunlight and skyshine, which also con- tains the important ultra violet rays, through og:d bull-eves with convex lenses K at convenient places along the outer wall and near the ceils . Sw |lends a hand—al | thing.” ing. Outside-will be condensers which :1’1 receive and reflect the light" from the sky through these transmission lenses to diffusing reflectors within the room, which will light the entire room with uniform brilliancy. Reflectors to Shift. A photoelectric cell, sensitive to either luminous or ultra violet light in- tensity, harnessed to the control mecha- nism, will shift the reflectors to posi- tions favorable to recelving the best light at all hours of the day. Further refinements suggested would regulate the maximums of light to prevent a gl in the middle of the day and heat ray filters to eliminate the red light during warm weather. Predictions of Dr. Hartman and others are upheld by engineers of the United States Bureau of Sf who issued the following statement: “In 2000 A.D., and possibly sooner, artificial ventilation and sunlight will be used exclusively in huge structures, such as hotels and apartment Looking out of windows really is the only use for them, as more efficlent ventilation and lighting already is pro« vided by artificial means.” So important has the necessity of providing clean air and sunlight be- come in New York that the al Plan of New York and its environs declared: “It is essential that -the benefits of sunlight be secured for the houses in which people live and the places in which they work.” Husband’s Aid Makes Housework Like Play From the Topeka Dally Capital. “Are housewives worth their salt?” the topic of a sociology lecture at Northwestern University, in Chicago, has created a stir among housewives in that city, including brides, who counter on the implication against their pro- fession by testimony that “hubbles do housework” in co-operation with their wives and take the drudgery out. “We've been married three years,” says Mrs. Evelyn Gray of Chicago, “and we have always done the housework together. It's just like fun. I don't even have to ask it of him.” Mrs, Elsie Palm joins the chorus of many housewives of that model domes- tic eity. “My husband and 1" she re- ports, “play together and work together, ‘When one has to sweep and scrub all alone it's dmdzry‘ but when hubby , it's real sport then.” Mrs. Ruth Boudreau remarks of hei model husband: “He just plunges in, and the housework is done in no time. That glves time for recreation, chiefly hiking.” “I'm thankful I've got a real man for a, husband,” says Mrs. Laura De Lacy, “and he helps me with every- But Mrs. Minnie L. Peterson, who goes 50-50 with her husband, says that “Sam's sure a prince. He not only helps with the housework, but if I'm tired he'll do it all.” ‘There seem to be innumerable Chi- cago husbands who help with the house- work and are not ashamed of so doing. Here is a hint as to what makes the difference between marriages that turn out & success and other marriages that %0 on the rocks of failure, Not that husbands necessarily help with the housework, but that they look upon the partnership in that spirit. Mrs, Arthur J. Todd, wife of the pro- fessor in Northwestern in whose class the subject first loomed up with such Impressive effect, gives her tes that “a husband should be first aid to his wife in bathing the baby, dusting, sweeping, cooking and mopping the kitchen floor.” No doubt many college teachers come up to the requirement. "An of which nc‘lllu the wisecrack? “If you see your wife mopping up the foor, mar up the floor witl ner.’P Not' & bad rule, if taken literally, - ——— Boston’s Censors, From the Pittsburgh Post-Gasette. A mentality test is proposed for’ censors of literature in Boston. Publishe ers might then have to another way to work books into the best sellef