Evening Star Newspaper, November 12, 1929, Page 4

. k _ pendence or of those principles of jus- « tury past. € THE gVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., TUESDAY. XOV LPBER D 12, 1999 President Declares Building Spirit of Good Will ARMISTICE DAY ADDRESS STRESSES NEEDS OF PEACE Advocates for First Time Outlawry of| Destruction of Means of Foodstuffs as Warfare. The President’s address delivered last night follows: Eleven years have gone by since the day of the armistice, when 'the guns ceased firing. It was a day of thanks- giving that marked the ending of the shambles of the trenches. For us it will be remembered always as a day of pride —pride in the memory of those who suffered and of those who made the last sacrifice of life in that great cause; pride in the proven valor of our Army and Navy; pride in the greatness of our national strength, pride in the high purpose for which we entered the war, and pride that we neither wanted nor got from it anything of profit for our- selves. ‘Those stirring memories will| always remain, and on each Armistice | day will glow again. From the war we have two paramount obligations. We owe to those who suf- fered and yet lived an obligation of national assistance, each according to his need. We owe it to the dead that| we redeem our promise that their sacri- fce would help bring peace to the world. ‘The Nation will discharge its obligation. ‘The men who fought know the real meaning and dreadfulness of war. No man came from that furnace a swash- buckling militarist. Those who saw its realities and its backwash in the sacri- fice of women and children are not the men who glorify war. They are the men who pray for peace for their children. ¥ut they rightly demand that peace be had without the sacrifice of our inde- tice without which civilization must fall. Such’'a sacrifice of freedom and jus- tice is the one calamity greater than war. The task of statesmen is to build a road to peace which avoids both of these calamities. This road requires preparedness for defense; it equally re- quires preparedness for peace. Future Outlook Bright. The world today is comparatively at peace. The outlook for a peaceful fu- ture is more bright than for half a cen- Yet, after all, it is an armed peace. The men under arms, including active reserves in the world, are almost 30,000,000 in number, or nearly 10,000,- 000 more than before the great war. Due to the Washington Arms Confer- ence and the destruction of the German navy, the combatant ships in the world show some decrease since the war. But aircraft and other instruments of de- struction are far more potent than they were even in the great war. There are fears, distrusts and smouldering injuries among nations which are the tinder of war. Nor does a single quarter of & century during all the ages of human experience warrant the assumption that war will not occur again. Gloomy as this picture may be, yet ‘we can say with truth that the world is becoming more genuinely inclined to peace; that the forces of imperial dom- ination and aggression, of fear and sus- icion, are dying down:. that they are ing replaced with the desire for secur- ity and peaceful development. The old objectives of tortuous diplomacy are be- ing replaced with frank and open rela- tions directed to peace. There is no more significant step in this pr‘mrml than the solemn covenant that civilized nations have now entered to renounce war and fo settle disputes by pacific means. It Is this realignment of the mind of the world that gives the hope ©of peace. But peace is not a static thing. To maintain peace is as dynamic in its re- quirements as is the conduct of war. ‘We cannot say “Let there be peace” and go about other business. Nor are the methods by which peace is to be maintained and war prevented to be established by slogans or by abstract phrases or by academic theory. FProg- Tess toward peace and be attained only as a result of realistic, practical, daily conduct among nations. It can be the result only of a frank recognition of forces which may disturb peace. For instance, we must realize that our in- dustrial life, our employment, our com- fort and our culture depend greatly upon our interchange of ~oods and ideas with other nations. We must realize that this interchange cannot be carried on unless our citizens are flung into every quarter of the globe and the citizens of every other nation are represented in our country. Protection of Lives Obligation. ‘We must realize that some of them will get into trouble somewhere. Cer- tainly their troubles will multiply if other nations are at war. We have an obligation and every other nation has an obligation to see to the protection of their lives and that justice is done to them so long as they comply with the laws of the countries in which they re- &ide. From all these relationships fric- tions and controversies will arise daily. By our undertaking under the Kellogg pact to use only pacific means to settle such controversies as these we have again reaffirmed the doctrine ennunci- ated by that far-sighted statesm: Mr. Elihu Root, in his famous decla tion at Rio de Janeiro in 1907. At that time he announced that we would not use war or warlike means to enforce or collect upon private business contracts. It is our settled policy. But there are other more deepseated and more dangerous forces which pro- duce friction and controversy than these eruptions over the rights of citi- zens. We must realize that there are :m_nv ufxml}red Erob!ems of bounf}ufl? FULL DRESS SUIT SHOP All New Tuxedos Full Dress Cutaways better grade to_hire. JULIUS " WEINBERG, 814 F N.W. FREE Yourself from the Misery of Constipation Dr. Boice's Prescription Tablets cleanse and tone the system by gently attacking the liver and re- storing full and normal action of the bowels. They are mild, safe, effective. At your druggist.—Adv. NO PAYMENTS FOR 4 MONTHS Order Before Dec. 31, 1929 Use 75% 15 Years Loan it Mo S lulMMouv,whlI;launnd Material Costs Are Lower @800000000 GET FREE BOOK 0000s0ssss SEARS, ROEBUCK AND CO. 308 Tenth 8t. N.W.. WASHINGTON. Muin Sund Bovk of Bemas, Brich Yomeer O, Stopte (). Wond O, Soroges O 8rar 11-19.99 Nome_______ between nations. There are peoples as- eater measure of self-go' ernment. ere are the fears of inva- sion and domination bequeathed to all humanity from its former wars. There are a host of age-old controversies whose specters haunt the world, which at any time may touch the springs of fear and i1l will. ‘We must frankly accept the fact, therefore, that we and all the nations of the world will be involved, for all future time, in small or great contro: versies and frictions arising out of these multiple causes. In these contro: versies lurk the subtle danger that na- tional temper at any moment may be- to the flaming point. Therefore, peace must be the result of unceasing en- deavor. Further Needs for Peace. I have said that recently we have covenanted with other civilized nations not only to renounce war as an instru- ment of national policy, but also we have agreed that we shall settle all controversies by pacific IQs. But the machinery for pacific settlement of dis- putes among nations is as yet inade- quate. We need to strengthen our own provisions for it. Our State Depart- ment is the first of these means. It must be strengthened and supported as the great arm of our Government, dedi- cated to the organization of peace. We need further to extend our %reaties with other countries providing methods for reference of controversies to confer- ence, to inquiry as to fact, or to arbi- tration, or to judicial determination. We have need to define the rules of conduct of nations and to formulate an authoritative system of international law. We have need, under proper reser- vations, to support the World Court, in order that we may secure judicial de- termination of certain types of contro- versies and build up precedents which add to the body of international law. By these agencies we relegate a thou- sand frictions to orderly processes of settlement, and by deliberation in ac- tion we prevent their development into national inflammation. We are also interested that other nations shall settle by pacific means the ocontroversies arising between them. From every selfish point of view the preservation of peace among other na- tions is of interest to the United States. In such wars we are in constant danger of intanglement because of interfer- ence with the widespread activities of our citizens. But of far more importance than this, our ideals and our hopes are for the progress of jus- tice through the entire world. We de- sire to see all humanity relieved of the hideous blight of war and of the cruel- ties and injustices that lead to war. We are interested in all methods that can be devised to assure the settlement of all controversies between nations. ‘There are today two roads to that . The European nations have, by the covenant of the League of Nations, agreed that if nations shall fail to settle their differences peacefully, then force should be applied by other nations to compel them to be reasonable. We have refused to travel this road, We are confident that, at least in the West- ern Hemisphere, public opinion will suf- fics to check violence. This is the road we propose ivel. ‘What we urgently need in this direction is a further de- by the parties, assisted by friendly na- tions, in order that action may be stayed and that the aggressor may be subjected to the searchlight of public opinion. Must Remove Causes. And we have another task equally great as the settlement of incidental controversies, We must, where oppor- tunity offers, work steadfastly to remove deeper causes and frictions, which lead to disputes and ill will. One of those causes is competition in arma- ment. In order to stir a nation to the expenditures and burdens of increased armament some danger and some enemy must be envisaged. Fears and distrust must be used as a goad to stir the na- tion forward to competitive effort. No one denies that the maintenance of great armament is a burden upon the backs of all who toll. The expenditure for it curtalls vast projects of human better- ment which governments might under- take. Every man under arms means that some other man must bear an extra burden somewhere. But a greater cost is the ill will resulting from rivalry be- tween nations in construction of arma- ments. It is first and foremost to rid our- selves of this danger that I have again initiated naval negotiations. I have full confidence in the success of the conference _which will assemble next INVEST IN First Trust Notes Yielding 67, Money to Loan on Real Estate J. LEO KoLB 923 New York Ave. Interest ANl New Models K YSLERS Largest Opers- | RTUDERAKERS tors in the C'ity | CHEVROLETS RENT-A-CAR CO Uplown Downtown 2101 14th St. 1319L St. Phone North 7800 “fl.*—v—.—:l—— come a heat and that emotion may arise | velopment of methods for reference of unsettled controversies to joint inquiry S District 5027 ; In setting up this conference ready agreed with Great Britain that there shall be a ty in naval strength between us. am in hopes that there will be a serious re- duction in navies as a rellef to the eco- nomic burdens of all peoples. And I believe that men and women through- out the world demand such reduction. ‘We muist reduce and limit warships by agreement only. I have no faith in the | reduction of armaments by example | alone. Until su¢h time as nations can build the agencies of pacific settlement on stronger foundations; until fear, the most dangerous of all national emo- tions, has been proved groundless by long proof of international honesty; until the power of world public opinion | as a restraint of ession has had | many years of test, there will not have | been established that confidence which warrants the abandonment of prepared- | ness for defense among nations, To do | s0_may invite war, | I am for adequate preparedness as a guaranty that no foreign soldier shall ever step upon the sofl of our country. Cannot Be Too Low. Our Nation has said with millions of voices that we desire only defense. That is the effect of the covenant we have entered into, not to use war as an in- strument of national policy. No Ameri- can will arise today and say that we wish one gun or one armed man beyond that necessary for the defense of our people. To do s0 would create distrust in other nations, and also would be an invitation to war. Proper defense re- quires military strength relative to that of other nations. We will reduce our naval strength in proportion to any other. Having said that, it only re- mains for the others to say how low they will go. It cannot be too low for us. ‘There is another of these age-old controversies which stir men's minds and their fears. That is the so-called freedom of the seas. In reality in our day it is simply the rights of private citizens to trade in time of war, for there is today complete freedom of the seas in times of peace. If the world succeeds In establishing peaceful meth- ods of settlement of controversies, the whole question of trading rights in time of war becomes a purely academic dis- cussion. Peace is its final solution. But T am going to have the temerity to put forward an idea which might break through the involved legal ques- tions and age-old interpretations of right and wrong by s practical step which would solve a large part of the intrinsic problem. It would act as & preventive as well as a limitation of war. I offer it only for the considera- tion of the world. I have not made it a governmental proposition to any nation and do not do so now. I know that any wide departure from accepted ‘ideas re- quires long and searching examination. No idea can be perfected except upon the anvil of debate. This is not a proposition for the forthcoming naval conference, as that session is for a definite purpose, and this proposal will not be injected into it. For many years, and born of a poig- nant personal experience, I have held that food ships should be made free of any interference in times of war. I would place all vessels laden solely with food supplies on the same footing as hospital ships. The time has come when we should remove starvation of women and children from the weapons of warfare. Impelling Cause of Arms. ‘The rapid growth of industrial clvili- zation during the past half century has created in many countries populations far in excess of their domestic food suppiy, and thus steadily weakened their natural defenses. As a conse- ported_supplies has been one of the most ifipelling causes of increasing na. Announcing quence protection for overseas or im-|al PRESIDENT MAKING PEACE PLEA PRESIDENT HOOVER Delivering his Armistice day address at the Washington Aldltofl:m last night. val armaments and military alliances. Agaln, In trade in the e and this again stf countries which produce surplus food their economic stability is also to a considerable degree dependent upon keeping open the avenues of their of such surplus, ulates armament on their part to protect such outlets. ‘Thus the fear of an interruption in sea-borne food supplies has powerfully | tended toward naval development in| both importing and exporting nations. In all important wars of recent years to cut off or to protect such supplies has formed a large element strategy of all combatant: condemn any one nation; almost all who have been engaged in war have The world must sooner or later recognize this as one of the underlying causes of its armed sit- | uation, but, far beyond this, starvation should be rejected among the weapons participated of warfare, ‘To those who doubt the practica- bility of the idea and who insist that agreements are futile for the purpose of controlling conduct in war I may point out that the Belgian Rellef Com- mission delivered more than 2,000 ship- loads of food through two rings of | blockade, and did it under neutral guar- | antees continuously during the whole | The protection of food | movements in time of war would con- stitute a most important contribution to the rights of all parties, whether neu- trals or belligerents, and would greatly tend toward lessening the pressure for Foodstuffs comprise ut 25 per cent of the commerce of the world, but would constitute a much more important portion of the trade World War. naval strength. 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Men of good will throughout the world are working earnestly and hon- estly to perfect the equipment and pre- paredness for peace. But there is some- thing high above and infinitely more powerful than the work of all ambassa- dors and ministers, something far more powerful than treaties and the ma- chinery of arbitration and conciliation |and_judicial decisions, something more vital than even our covenants to lish war, something more mighty than | armies and navies in defense. Greatest Peace Guaranty. That is to bulld the spirit of good | will and friendliness, to create respect | and confidence, to stimulate esteem be- tween peoples—this is the far greatest guaranty of peace. In that atmosphere all controversies become but passing in- cidents of the day. Nor does this friend- liness, respect and esteem come to na- tions who behave weakly or supinely. It comes to those who are strong, but whose use their strength not in arro- gance or injustice. It is through these means that we establish the sincerity, the justice and the dignity of a great people. That is a new vision of diplo- macy that is dawning in the world. The colossal power of the United States overshadows scores of freedom- loving nations. Their defense against us is a moral defense. To give to them confidence that witlt the high moral sense of the American people this de- fense is more powerful than all armies or navies is & sacred duty which lies upon us. Is New Vision of Diplomacy organize positively the foreign relations of the United States on this high foun- dation and to do it in reality, not sim- ply in diplomatic phrases. The estab- lishment of that relationship is vastly more important than the mere settle- ment of the details of any of our chronic _international blems. In such pure air and in that alone can both sides with frankness and candor present their points of view and either find just formulas for settlement or alternatively agree to disagree until time finds a solution. We have in re- cent years heard a vast chatter of en- mity “and criticism both within and without our borders where there is no real enmity and no conflict of vital interest and no unsolvable controversy. It is a homely parallel, but equally true that relations between nations are much like relations between individuals. Questions which arise between friends are settled as the passing incidents of the day. The very same questions be- tween men who distrust and suspect each other may lead to enmity and conflict, Reason for Visits. It was in this endeavor that I visited the presidents of the South American republics. That is why I welcomed the visit of the prime minister of Great Britain to the United States. All these men have talked of their problems in a spirit charged with the gravest responsibility, not only for our own relations but for the peace and safety of the world. We have thought out loud together as men cannot think in diplomatic notes. We made no com- mitments. We drove no discussion to final conclusion. We explored the areas of possible constructive actions and possible controversy. We examined the itfalls of international relations frank- Py and openly. With this wider under- standing of mutual (difficulties and as- pirations we can each in our own sphere better contribute to broaden good will, to assist those forces which make for peace in the world, to curb those forces which make for distrust. Thereby do we secure the imponderable yet tran- scendent spiritual gains which come from successful organization of peace and confidence in peace. That is why I have endeavored to meet the leaders of their nations, for I have no fear that we are not able to impress every coun- try with the single-minded good will ‘which lies in the American heart. SOVIET FLIGHT HOME IS REFUSED SANCTION Chief Pilot of Russian Plane Says Venture Is Com- pleted. By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, November 12.—Semyon A. Shestakov, chief pilot of the Russian plane, Land of the Soviets, which flew from Moscow to New York, yesterday announced that the Osoaviakhim, Soviet aviation society, had refused to indorse his proposal to fly across the Atlantic Ocean on the homeward trip. He made public a telegram from J. 8. Unschlicht, vice chairman of the Osoa- viakhim, which said: “The presidium of the Osoaviakhim, while greeting your adiness to fly across the Atlantic, cannot accept your proposal in view of the particularly dif- ficult meteorological conditions prevail- ing at the present time of the year.” “We consider our flight oomyleted, Shestakov said. “Our plans call for a It has been my cherished hope to Christmas Sale of GAS REFRIGERATORS Special Terms! Mean a Distinct Saving to You Here’s a Christmas Gift That Will Be Welcomed by the Entire Family! A Small Down Will Put One to Be Delivered Christmas Eve Think of all the enjoy by the entire family by alv THAN THE OLD FASH REFRIGERATOR! Wasl gas refrigerator! down payment will hold a Christmas Eve. Mail the Clip This Coupon NOW! 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Miller, national | rehabilitation officer; Paul McGhan, | national committeeman; J. Miller Ken- yon and Harlan Wood, past comman- ders, all of the American Legion; Dr. Emmet J. Scott, secretary-treasurer, Howard University; J. Finley Wilson, head of the colored Elks, and Dr. W. A. Warfield, surgeon-in-chief, Freedmen’s Hospital, were guests of the James E. ‘Walker Post, American Legion, No. 26, at a smoker in commemoration of Ar- mi“}?tce day, at the Whitelaw Hotel last night. ‘The program was enlivened with dra- matic readings by Thomas E. Bowie from “God’s Trombones,” & set of Negro spirituals composed by J.mes Weldon Johnson. Col. West A. Hamilton acted as toast- master. Dr. T. Edward Jones is post commander. Sylvester H. Epps was chairman of the committee on the cele- bration, FERRRREERRRX ] During local boxing contests at Blae- navon, gland, recently, Walter Ed- wards, 21, was knocked out in the eighth round, remained unconscious all night, and died the next mornini corporation. funeral. G.R O S 1.3 2 §i- Fre TOrTRICET ETrPIRuRIUES : Kuppenheimer’s | exclusively for With deep regret we an- nounce the death of Joseph H. Curran, president of this main closed until after his GUY CURRAN & CO,, Inc. PROBE OF LYNCHING IS BEGUN IN FLORIDA By the Assoclated Press. QUINCY, Fla., November 12.—Coun- ty and State officials began an investi- gation yesterday into the lynching here last night of Wil Larkins, colored, charged with an attack on a 12-year- old white girl, by a mob of between 35 and 40 masked men. Less than 12 hours after he had been indicted by a special grand jury and a special term of court had been called for his trial, Larkins’ body, bullet rid- dled, was dragged through the streets of Quincy, tied to the rear of an auto- mobile, Later it was burned. The shooting of the negro and the burning of the bqgly took place at the scene of the atf , about a mile from here, just off the Midway Highway. The colored man was forcibly taken from Sheriff Gregory at the point of shotguns 10 miles east of Madison, at 7 o'clock last night. The sheriff was taking Larkins to the Duval County jail at Jacksonville, under orders of Gov. Doyle Carlton. We will re- N E.R’S STREE-T BUPPELS DURONAP DUFFELS A New Overcoat by Kuappenheimer Here’s a fleece overcoat that will wear you this season ~ and next —~ and otill look fresh. Another of fabrie ncH‘cvo- | ments ~ styled and handcrafted us — yet priced within everyman’s reach at only ‘ $ 50 Other Overcoats from $34.75 to $135 |CIROSNEIR'S 1325.F. 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