Evening Star Newspaper, September 2, 1929, Page 22

The Marines Who Wouldn't Fight! Told by Their Commander, “HARD-BOILED” BUTLER This is the second of eight articles in which Maj. Gen. Smedley Dar- iington. Butler tells the diverting story of the bloodless conquest of China by the United States Marines he took out there in 1917 to protect Ameri= can lives in the country’s raging civil BY SMEDLEY DARLINGTON BUT- LER, Major General, United States Masine Corps. | (Copyright, 1920, by North American News- | paper Alliance.) We went to China early in 1927 as an invading force, ready and prepared— and many of us exceedingly anxious— for a scrap, but we remained to become unofficial good-will ambassadors and trade_cnvoy Today I have different ideas about the Chinese people and the Americans who make their homes in China. The two years I spent there on our “blood- less invasion” caused me to change my | mind. | When I saw a Chinese during these | two years I looked upon him as a | friend of our people. I didn't think of him as one who might at any moment turn fanatic and start to butcher for- | eigners. I thought of him as a poten- | tial user of American-made merchan- | dise, as a citizen of a huge country | which will in the future take up our surplus of manufactured products and | permit us at home to continue to enjoy our great prosperity. My hard-boiled are gone. These citizens of the United States have gone out to China in good faith, representing | our business and extending our trade. Some time we will need the trade these people are getting for us. They are our flesh and blood, and when they are in danger we must protect them, regardless of the cost. We can't ask them to pack up their bags and come home at the first sign | . of trouble. Everything they own is out there. If they left hurriedly at the first indication of possible difficulty | they would not only lose all their| earthly possessions, but the confidence | and esteem of the Chinese. | Whatever trade they have built up by their efforts would be lost to us.| When quiet was restored and they Te- | turned they would find that the other | foreign nationals, who had remained, | protected by their troops, had gobbled | up all the trade, and the Americans would have to start anew. Other of our citizens are out there as missionaries; they are spreading the gospel of Christ, teaching the Chinese the fundamentals of our educational methods and aiding them in the work of health and sanitation. We cannot | ask them to leave at every sign of | danger. They have the confidence of the Chinese people and they must re- main behind, regardless of the danger, 10 keep that confider So every once | in a while we read that in some far interior post, a thousand miles from where our troops are stationed, another | 2§<1ox1ary has been murdered by ban- | A Courageous Missionary. But these missionaries will not come to a safe haven when we ask them. I remember a missionary who suited me | right down to the groun I think he would have made a great Marine. He had a mission way out in the inte- rior and he came in to' Tientsen one time for supplies. He told me he was the only American in the entire prov- ince. I informed him that we had no ‘way of*protecting him if trouble should start, and asked him to come to Tien- tsin or Shanghai, where he would be ‘Come in out of that place,” T urged | him. “All you are leaving behind is | your hut. Come into Tientsin or Shang- hai. where we can protect you. The storm will soon be over and you can go back.” He looked at me and said: “T am | spreading the doctrine of Christianity and I am doing it in the same wa) Jesus did, and I don't recall that he had § d. If my religion is worthy of support it doesn’t have to be dashed | down by a bayonet. I will stay out | there and have it out with them.” No one harmed him. The task of the Marines in China | was to protect the lives of the Amer- icans. The 5,000 Marines we had there | represented the largest mobilization of American troops on the soil of & friend- 1y nation since the World War. During the entire two-year period of our visit these Marines, reputedly so blood-thirsty and fight-provoking, and actually so in battle, did not fire a single shot, except at target practice—and the Chinese government huilt the rifle range on ground it lent to us. ‘With my staff I reached Shanghal, at the mouth of the Yangtze River, March 25, 1927, being preceded by the 4th Reg- iment of Marines, which had been or- dered to China from the Philippines several days before the unfortunate Nanking incident had occurred. When the Nationalist, or Southern Army, which we were eventually to see emerge victorious in the strugzle for control of the huge republic, took over Nanking, the ancient capital of China, and now once more the seat of the gov- | ernment, it marked the loss of the last gtronghold of the Northern Army south of the Yangtze River. | The Outbreak in Nanking. In the rioting and looting which fol- lowed the evacuation of one army and the occupation by the other seven for- eigners. including one American, Dr. J. H. Willlams, vice president of Nanking University, were killed, scores were as- gaulted, beaten and robbed, and several foreign consulates, including that of the United States, were attacked. Gunboats of the allied powers, which were .lying in the Yantzekiang, “the River Son of the Sea,” shelled the city, while relief columns under cover of the friendly barrage rescued the several hundred foreigners who had sought ref- uge with the Socony Co. during the ter- rible days of rioting. At the same time the situation in Shanghal, the most important port in Central China, with its thcusands of Europeans, Japanese and Americans, and the concentration or refuge point for foreigners for the entire area, was also fraught with danger. March 21 the Nationalist army had occupled the city and the residents of the international settlement and the French concession were fearful of out- breaks similar to that of Nanking. Twenty thousand allied troops, includ- ing the 1,300 men of the 4th Regiment Marines were on constant guard in the concessions lest mobs of uncontrolled and undisciplined troops break through the lines and sack and plunder, attack and kill. On the evening of the day I reached Shanghal to assume command of the Marines, who were then in China and who were to come, the high military and naval representatives of the powers represented in China, including Great Britain, France, Japan, Italy and Bel- gium, gathered on the U. S. 8. Pitts- burgh, the flagship of Rear Admiral C. 5. Williams, commanding the United States Asiatic fleet. The other ers | had determined to send a fleet of com- bined allied forces to shell Nl.nklndr— as an example of what would follo any further outrages on foreign na- tionals. They invited Admiral join in the 'expedition. ‘miral, since retired, who is represent tive of all that is the finest and most courageous in our Nm, said rather bluntly that the Uni States fleet would not join in any such action. Admiral Sticks by His Guns. . | | “well,” said the spokesman for the . allied powers, “we.are going up fto- | China as the seat of war moved north- No. 2—A Sturdy U. S. Admiral—And the Feather Treatment. war, here when you get back,” Admiral Wil- liams replied. The allies were eager to present a united front. They were insistent that Admiral Williams join them. When he showed his determination to remain behind they asked what the Americans | proposed to do in the way of avenging, the Nanking insult. | The old gentleman, a clear-thinking, ! hard-fighting sailor with a quaint sense of humor and & happy knack of illustrating each point of a decision or statement with an anecdote, replied: “We are going to give the Chinese the feather treatment.” The others, by the expressions on their faces, didn't understand. “Did you ever hear,” the admiral con- tinued, “of the old medical college pro- fessor and great physiclan who swal- lowed his teeth? “He was choking to death and the members of his family were frantic. | They lived in a suburb and an experi- enced physician was not available. Fi- nally, in desperation, the daughter of the professor recalled that a young man who had just been graduated and who had been a pupil of the professor had opened an office around the corner. She rushed around and found the young sician waiting for his first patient. ‘He hurried back to the professor and was informed of the facts. He looked at the professor. He scratched his head for a moment. Then a knowing smile came across his features. He ordered the daughter to remove the professor's shoes and socks. She did. He next called for a chicken feather. The young graduate took the feather and tickled the professor on the sole of his foot. The professor laughed and up came the teeth. “‘How did you happen to arrive at' that peculiar method of treatment?’ the professor asked. ‘Don’t you remember,’ the young man replied, ‘that you repeatedly advised us, when we were confronted with a condition with which we did not know how to cope, that to save our faces we were to do something—to do something that wouldn't kill the patient, but to do something. As I didn’t know what to do to save your life I realized that tickling your feet wouldn't kill you and that it would be doing something!’” The allied fleet remained in Shanghai waters and the Nanking incident was later settled by diplomacy and without bloodshed. It was the feather treatment the United States Marines used on the Chinese—although at all times we were prepared for more drastic measures, and not an American was shot or rob- bed and not a Chinese was.injured or insulted by our men, despite the many involved situations, many of them dan- gerous, in which we found ourselves, particularly in Northern China, wherc our forces were to be concentrated for the greater part of our presence in ward. (Tomorrow—Those Dude Marines—And a Certain “Irresponsibie Youngster”). A memorial bridge, celebrating the one-hundred-fifth anniversary of the founding of the city will be erected at Bangkok, Siam, at a cost of $1,250,000. 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