Evening Star Newspaper, June 23, 1929, Page 30

THE EVENING STAR ._.__._IL"'!&_ ' WASHINGTON, D. C. :mDAY....A.....J’unu”, 1920 fmonon ‘W. NOYES. ...Editor '.l‘fie !vtlht !ht Ne‘"l. 0.--! o 3o per copv ton made at Ot ey B et by sl 6F te1epHONE Main 6000. Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland Vi ia. Daily and Sunday..1yr. $12 Binday"onts” Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press 1s exclusivaly entitied ogu iblication of all 1 ews L or mot therwise ‘erec- also the local 1ews umnm o 2so reserved. The French Debt Settlement. Discussions are now in progress in | the French Parliament regarding the | Mellon-Berenger Franco-American debt settlement. Ratification of this pact, ' which was concluded at Washington | in April, 1926, is more than three years | overdue, France has been the chief --posue of the theory, to which the United States has resolutely refused to | subscribe, that war debts and German ireparations are interlocking issues. Now that reparations have been re- vised under the Young plan, Premier Poincare Teveals himself in mood to | ask his Parliament for tardy approval lo! the debt accord with this country, | He recommended it last week before 4he foreign affairs and finance commis- sions—which correspond to our own congressional committees — of the Chamber of Deputies, and within two or three weeks plans to do likewise be- for the appropriate commissions of the French Senate. |"In addressing the Chamber commis- ;liom, M. Poincare urged immediate | i satification of the Mellon-Berenger funding settlement on the ground that the “safeguard clause” for which ! Prance has contended is contained “for ¢all practical purposes” in the Young | plan. He refers to France's demanded Tight to be delinquent with us if Ger- | many is delinquent with her. There is { eertain to be the closest possible scru- | tiny of the reparations treaty in the American Congress it M. Poincare’s as- | mertion is founded on fact. L Hitherto, Congress, which has ex- | elusive jurisdiction over the foreign always revealed. a disposition to con- ‘cede that France's ability to meet her ! foreign debt obligations would be corre- spondingly affected if the French should not obtain regularly the repara- tion payments due them from Ger- many. Thus it would appear that even if France ratifies the American debt set- tlement without formal reservations, ‘there will be mental reservations at the ‘back of French heads. Writing in the July number of Foreign Affairs, M. Poincare uses these pertinent words: "me.‘nrmm (Young ;rx::“ma It is impossible to evade the camera experts. A man of J. P. Morgan's wis- dom and experience is evidently eon- vinced that it is safer to be affable than to risk an inevitable snapshot with an {ll-prepared facial expression. ——— ' When all the merging possible has ‘been done, the quarrels which human nature renders inevitable may be ex- pected to start competition all over again. - Summer Playgrounds. A few Summers ago agitation for more playground space during the '.vacation period led to public subscrip- tion of a fund for the employment of Necessary supervisors, and & number of #chool playgrounds, which otherwise |-would have remained closed, were ‘opened. The success of the experiment Jed Congress to adopt the regular policy of annually appropsiating for main- “tenance of the school playgrounds during the Summer, and this year, on July 1, the city's forty-two “year-round” piaygrounds will be augmented, until Labor day, by the addition of thirty- three school playgrounds, The field has been well surveyed bil those in authority and they believe the city's needs are fairly well met by the number of playgrounds now available. Bulding operations and the location of portable schools on what would be playground space have prevented the use of some sites. But the playgrounds to be opened are chosen with the idea of meeting, as far as possible, the ordi- nary demands of the different sections. A Star subscriber has sent in the suggestion that even greater space could be provided by making available, as playgrounds during the Summer months, the stadiums at Central, East- ern and Dunbar High Schools, and eventually the athletic field in prospect for Western and the stadium now under construction for the new McKinley High. This suggestion is in line with ane advanced for several years by the “playground department, but only par- 1 "tally realized in the fine work hereto- mmmmum vised play. mnmm}duhm with the idea of continuing, throughout the Summer, the services to the com-’ munity by the schools that formerly came to an end on graduation day in June. The Community Center Depart- ment of the schools has already done much to extend this idea and may be expected further to co-operate wherever 1t is possible. The growth of the city's population and the needs of trafic have combined to make the demand for supervised play and play facilities even greater in the Summer than in the Winter. There > [should be no failure to take advantage of every square foot of space that could be mads to attract and hold a child away from the city streets. o The Attack on Bishop Cunnon. The wide and prominent publication of the fact that Bishop James Cannon, jr. militant prohibition leader and anti-Smith Democrat, had dealt in stocks in the New York market, his friends say, is actuated by a de- sire on the part of enemies of pro- hibition and the enemies of the Anti- Smith Democratic party in Virginia to stick a knife into both. His ene- mies expect, through attacking Bish- op Cannon, to attack the cause of pro- hibition and to attack the thousands of Democrats who declined to follow the banner of Alfred E. Smith in the last national campaign. In other words, the publication of stock transactions of Bishop Cannon is a political matter. In a measure, it may be considered a re- taliation for the determination of Bish- op Cannon and other anti-Smith Demo- crats to keep alive the feud in the party against the leadership which nominated Mr. Smith, placed John J. Raskob, a wet like Smith, in charge of the Democratic high command and which still keeps Mr. Raskob in that position. It remains to be seen whether these tactics are good politics on the part of the anti-prohibitionists and the op- ponents of the anti-Smith Democrats. Last Tuesdey the anti-Smith Democrats nominated at a State convention in Roanoke Dr. William Moseley Brown, & college professor, for governor. The gubernatorial race this Summer and Fall in Virginia will perhaps tell the tale as to whether the effort to dis- credit Bishop Cannon personally has reacted favorably fo the wets and against the anti-Smith Democrats. Senator Carter Glass of Virginia, in a statement issued in Lynchburg, asserts that the charges Bishop Cannon had been dealing in stocks on a margin had been brought to him in the closing days of the presidential campaign last Fall and that if the matter had been put out “it would have had a bad politi- cal effect and would have enabled Bish- op Cannon to claim that he was being persecuted for opinion’s sake.” Senator Glass in his statement also said that for the same reason he now deplores the publication of these charges. Sen- ator Glass is accounted a shrewd poli- tician. It may be that his judgment is correct in this matter and that in the end the causes which Bishop Cannon Cannon deliberately entered of politics and consequently is & position to complain of at- actuated by political desires of ents. He was a prime mover crganization of anti-Smith Dem- in Virginia and other States of last year His opposition to th was based, according to statements of his ‘own, on the that Mr. Smith was a wet. Al- Bishop Cannon did not attend Roanoke ‘convention of anti-Smith i 5 § FERERES g ssg, It is good politics on the part of Eish- op Cannon and his supporters to assert that the publication of his stock trans- actions is merely for. political purposes and s measure of persecution on the part of his foes. If it makes a martyr of him in the eyes of the people of Vir- ginia, the result of the coming guber- natorial election in the Old Dominion may prove a surprise to many persons, ‘Without approving or disapproving the activities of Bishop Cannon, either in the field of politics or in the New ‘York stock market, it is possible to con- sider the probable effect on Virginia politics of the concerted attacks being made upon the bishop in many of the newspapers. If the upshot of the whole matter is to place Bishop Cannon in the role of a martyr, suffering perse- cution at the hands of his enemies in the interest of prohibition and the Dem- ocratic opposition to Mr. Smith and Mr. Raskob, his enemies are not likely to gain from these attacks. ——er. Discussion has been so patient and thorough that the world must soon he well informed as to every aspect of naval matters. By that time airplanes will have developed to an extent that will necessitate turning “the yardstick" | skyward. I ——e——— Antarctic Discovery. ‘To whom is due the credit for the dis- covery of the world’s seventh continent? France claims this honor for D'Ur- ville, England for Sir James Ross, and the United States for Admiral Charles Wilkes. It mow generally is acknowl- edged that Wilkes actually saw the headlands of Antarctica for the first time, but there still are valid grounds for dispute. Seldom mentioned is the name of an- other American explorer who ventured into the Antarctic nearly 20 years before Wilkes and discovered either Antarctica itself or some closely adjacent islands. This was the Yankee whaler Nathaniel Palmer of Stonington, Conn. On most maps a section of West Antarctica is still designated Palmer Land. Palmer, however, was not a geographer. His in- | terests were .commercial and not sclen- tific. The name of the intrepid whaler comes before the public once more by numflfiuthmo{upmwn P ‘mmm-m,pwwmmmmulmm there still was a lingering belief in the existence of such a continent With great projections into the mm}rgm»- an unknown, habitable land. (It would constitute almost as great a prize to the nation discovering it as the New World had proved to Spain. The voyages of Palmer were sufficient to destroy this legend. The nations realized reluctantly that there was little but the honor of discovery to be had in the Southern seas. This alone, however, proved a suffi- cient attraction for French, Amerjcan, British and *Russian expeditions. - The Russian, under Bellingshausen, /the earliest and the most ambitious. Had it not been for the worst of luck Bel- lingshausen and not Palmer would have been entitled to clear credit for the dis- covery of Antaretica. Actually he found only two small islands below the Antarc- tic Circle and arrived at the South Shetlands just in time to meet the re- turning whalers with their accounts of the mountain ranges to the south. Maryland's Hospitality. Maryland hospitality has in a man- ner been ‘vindicated by the decision of Lawrence Richey, one of the President's secretaries, to retain ownership of the site he bought on Hunting Creek, near Catoctin, Md.,, as a fishing preserve to Dbe used occasionally by Mr. Hoover. A few protests by individuals against post- ing the property, on the ground that they were entitled to fish in the creek, threatened a serious reflection on Mary- land’s good name. For rather than at- tempt to make an issue and embarrass the President, Mr, Richey had deter- mined to sell the property if the protests continued. He has since received mani- fold assurances that the few jealous in- dividuals who complained were far from voicing any general sentiment; that if Mr. Richey had taken extraordinary precautions he was justified in doing o, but as a matter of fact he was entirely within his rights in keeping trespassers away from the property. With these assurances, the fishing preserve will be maintained. While the incident itself is not im- portant and can be dismissed as al- together trivial, it does emphasize the |. difficulty faced by a President of the United States in securing those few hours of recreation, so essential to his well-being, without being subject to embarrassment at the hands of the curious. The fishermen who so dis- courteously maintained that they, as much as the President, had a right to fish Hunting Creek were wrong in the first place, for the creek runs through private property lawtully posted against trespassers. But it was posted, not to protect the fish, but to protect the President. Imagine the crowd of pa- triotic Americans, with lunch kits and cameras, who would be attracted to Hunting Creek by the thought of heing able to watch the President fish! And imagine the care-free joy of the Presi- dent in casting for trout, but hooking some tourist or some tourist's baby in- stead! Any State is proud to offer the Pres- ident sanctuary and freedom from the crowds. And no State, least of all old Maryland, would for a moment con- done a denial of such privileges, with all of the inhospitality thus implied, be- cause of a few imaginary complaints on the part of a few dllmntld in- dividuals. e “EDUCATION BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES FOR WHAT?” E. FREEMAN, D. D, LL. D, Bishop of Washington Text: “The fear of the Lord is the befl”nniuy ©f wisdom” (Proverbs, iz.10). All over the land at this time of the year thousands of young people are being graduated from schools and ‘uni- versities and sent out upon the mission of life. Sdme of them have a definite idea as to what their objective is, and set, their faces resolutely to its accom- plishment. Another group looking out upon the fleld of human endeavor re- success as governed h?ely by tha ehmant of chance or good rger group enter ‘upon the |-n= nem ot human service without design see no relation be| sohool ‘They twnn vhlfi they have-gained-in and classroom and the ever-broadening fleld of human service. relation of the “three R's.” as to respect them, to the bench and the counting' room is not r clear to the unformed minds’ of e’ who are desultory and un- czmm about their place in the scheme ‘!'hl'."le have attained a higher level in the matter of edueation is quite obvious. Our age is proud of its broadening culture, and properly so. ‘The number of men and women enter- ing our colleges and universities grows vf new year. That we are fitting fl‘lue students more d!set\nly d efficient service, t they ir bener equipped than thase of another od, is an open ‘We have told that the little red school- house, wt;:re ;nethodn ‘gl educ-'thn were simple and environing conditions humble, produced some of the fore- most men and women of the republic. After all, Lw'?l.;ft Imporum c‘st than ;nmx -nd eau , cul lum an 1s the determinaiion and application fll ‘the student. Eduation can do little more than draw out. as the term im- lies. It was sald of Lincoln that he gld but nine months of school training anfl yet through persistent endeavors he rose to such duum:unn and great- ness that his name is honored wherever men measure greatness in terms of tainment. This is by no means an isolated case. ‘There are men occupying high places in the land today in every sphere of service who have come to their place of dhflncuon in -pn- o( early limita- tions. It 1 of Mrvlflnn that these men witness not only to high 1 intellectual development but to those things that make for moral and spir- itual worth. As & matter of fact, it is quite demonstrable that those who the place of favor in life are, in This is doubtless what John Ruskin had in mind when he sald: “Education does not people what they do not lnw them to behave as tht! It is not teaching the of letters and the and then lea them to turn their arithmetic roguery and their menwre to lun It means, on the 5 them into the nerleu exerclu an ly continence of their bodies and souls.” Another has sald, “Self- knowledge, self-reverence, self-control— these three alone lead life to sovereign power.” In measuring the standards of mod- ern education and the results produced we are bound to reckon with those deeper values that are the results of spiritual culture. The secularization of education in our eration has been carried too far. en Bismarck de- clared, “The nation schools has the future,” he uttered a half truth. The future is with thm nations that have schools that at all the fine and en- tions.” sweeping, and yet when we fairly face the situation and evaluate the results wé are bound to recognize that the luct of our modern institutions of learning does not excel that of another perfod. Training in habits of respect and reverence for sacred things and sacred institutions is indispensable, and eflcient living is largely determined by the inculcation of these habits in euly life. “Give me the child until he is 10 and you can have him forever after- ward,” said_the statesman-cardinal, Mazarin. ~ Given an opportunity to mold and shape the - youth meant, in his d, fixing and determining its wholo tumre ‘That "t.hc‘ fear of the Lor who today are lead! u’nvmn:whlcherunhofmlnmtln Extension of Federal Courts May Follow Crime Inquiry |3 BY WILLIAM HARD. ‘There may be a very large extension of the Federal judicial system in conse- quence of the labors of President Hoover’s Law Enforcement Commission. may be many more Federal courts and many more Federal judges. ‘This would be because of the vast num- ber of trials expected under the new Jones law for the en(areemmt of the eighteenth amendmen n u known that zhe Law Enforce- t Commission is giving a broad lwemlon to law enforcement and law observance in general. It is also known, however, that it feels itself obligated to consider the general problem in the light especially of the prohibition Senator Glass of Virginia has de- nounced the administration for -mmpt- ing, as he believes, to submerge hibi under the waves of a long the Law Enforcement com the theories and prin of the nature of crime and of the na of the measures deemed best for Summer has lost its old-time terrors | stalled by for Washington, D. C. There was a time when there were few swimming places, frequent ice shortage and on an especially sultry day an : of almost deserted highways. this has changed to an immensely befiar state of affairs. AT S The gentleman who talks not wisely but too much is pretty sure to figure with more or less prominence in every discussion of affairs. —eee. Mexico, advancing steadily in wisdom, recognizes the fact that there are few national assets poorer than a religious | °F controversy. A crime investigation might be drawn out immeasurably. Crime has been active with one motive or another since the days of Cain and Abel. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, Congressional Rest. Congressman is goin’ home, ‘Which is for the best. Bays that it is time to roam, 'Cause he needs a rest. Letters he will have to write; Oratory's zest, In assertion, day and night Serves to spoil the rest. ‘When vacation days are done, This is his request: “Take me back to Washington, 'Cause I need a rest!” Representation. “Do you claim to represent the people?” % ,” snswered Senator Sor- ghum. “T represent them to the best of my abllity. But there are so many kinds of people! And it's almest im- possible to know which kind will be in majority at the next election.” Jud Tunkins says we must forgive mistakes; especially mistakes of a weather man who goes a little wrong on a hot-wave prediction. Plaint of a Printer. My Radio! My Radio! Your signals make me sigh, The letters that announcements show | eral Are what I've known as “PL” Love of Change. “Are you going to buy & new car this Summer?” “Of course,” “No car is so satisfactory as to keep you from looking at the ad pictures and wanting to try something else,” “When you shirk a duty,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “you may easily place yourself at the merey of some rogue who pretends to perform it for you." Priend Robot is an awful man, “Don’t hate yoh work,” sald Uncle Eben, “When you is broke an’ can't borrow, work is yoh most reliable friend” - 2 - answered Mr. Chuggins. | Glass La mission in_its offices in Washington might lend some credit to Senator Ghlnl views. ‘The commission seems to have called gmn the Library of Congress to pro- it with a wide array of works on criminology and penology in their The. commiss] largest as, med with multitudinous volumes on the relation between unemployment and crime, on the relation between youth and crime, on the relation between home care and crime, on the relation between mental diseases and crime, on the relation between war and crime on m:u rel-uar;1 of :i?tty near everyt.hln‘ el lnd crime. possesses. volume, especially broad unnmr enfifiefl 'l'he Economic Cost Length. of Investigation. 1t is apparent that an inquiry into “The Economic Cost of Sin” among the 120,000,000 people of the United States might last a long time. More seriously, it is fectly clear that an 1nqutr?- the supposed causes and into the suj cures of all erime or al- supposed leged crime would consume a decade and would transform the fcammhs,lnr: from being an agency of practical governme whbd:s somet.h:nx 'nk- the post- rmn: epartment of a socio) university. It .can be stated with certitude that the commission will not embark upon any such abstract academic career. It can be stated that the commission hopes within a few months to complete m general enlonfifln ot its fleld and to attack W practical problems which tute the existing great emergencies in law enforcement and law observance. It can be further stated that Senator Glass is probably giving himself a certain amount of un- necessary anxiety and that the commis- sion thoroughly realizes that the greatest existing emergency in law enforcement and law observance is to be found in the crisis 'produeed by the eighteenth | co; amendment. int, therefore, of the 's ultimate findin mgl\ ‘will in. dublhbly be hnled at luon, jult tmnee becwem Bonl wl and the man in so m nnnlnu.hl!.mplyn!nllo Senator Glass :wlmmy would have the concentrate upon pro- hibition to the virtual exclusion of all other questions. The commission, on the o'.hzr hand, is based on the theory that a certain amount of background study of the current character of crime and of the current administration: of justice is necessary to the solution of prohibition and is desirable also from thz standpoint of the general improve- ment of the Federal Government as a law-enforeing institution. ‘The commission, in other words, is bullt, in m on the vflm:iple that an unwisely ‘an Fed- 80 ardently and emphatically For instance: It 1s observed by some members of the commission, with judicial experience, that_there are many reasons why many Federal dis. trict eoum are durrmmny bemnd~ hand in the prompt trial of accused persons. One of reasons is the \w. There are many other reasons, too. There is the relatively new law against thefts from rallroad trains interstate commerce. There is the relatively new Menl thlfu of automobiles State lines, All thefts of these wru v-roltmum handled in State courts, Now they help to clog the of Federal courts. The problem then arises: Shall we mul the number of Mml t character or shall erally classified under the heading “petty crime”? It is known that members of the commission have already begun to give serious attention to this problem. Far fining themselves to the lofty and remote generalizations, which Sen- tor Glass sustly fears and condemns, they are proce directly to a con- aldenunn of l pro lem which is emi- nently practical and immediate. They eannot, however, consider it g in questions other than prohibit! If a new order of Federal courts is to be established, with petty jurisdic- tion over ‘“petty crime,” and “if thus we are to have all over this count: new, profuse race of Pederal “pol lce judges,” it would be silly to give them control of prohibition cases only. They would provide a magnificent opportu- nity ror relieving our regular leral courts of all the “petty crime” work Which now delu; and delays them. It rouo'u that reform in question a reform going far beyond would the pmMNthn in its scope. In !romblll'n Field. t the same time the of.. lr. and the be in the culated biggest it result of it prohibition field. bootleggers tried un- der the Jones l-w should demand jury trials, the whole Federal judicial system of district courts as now constituted throughout the Nation would within a year be doing virtually nothing but try bootls TS or else would be driven o virtually 'hnot Lrlyrlnfl tht::! at all. lese circumstances, something drastic has to be done almost instantly in the matter of organizing new Federal courts or in the matter of amending the Jones law or in the matter of checking the demands for trial by jury or in ail these matters, and others, together. That the commission is already direct- ing its thought toward them is certain, and the chances at this moment favor l.he idea that one of the commission’s ultimate recommendations may well glve 1929 PART Capital Sidelights BY WILL P. KENNEDY. ‘The dismissal of a senior from Har- vard on the eve of his graduation because he had sullied the class hymn which he had composed and which had been sung at the baccalaureate exercises harks back to an early precedent at this oldest of American colleges. The how that in age, was ipped f“u The whipping was preceded ’;n followed with prayer. - Whipping was & punishment quite h'eglun icted in the Colonial da; | there is a tradition at Yale, her: tary rival of Harvard, that back in 1647 two bro\‘.lwrl were given a severe vm on Saturday after sun- eeord‘“ to the old records these yuuuu were 80 thoroughly ashamed of themselves that they remained bache- lors fl\mulhou: thzl‘r l.lv-. * ‘The trouble in Congress over the acquisition of a site of 1.000 acres for an airport for the National Capital under a resolution sponsored by Senator Bingham of Connectfcut and Repre- that has the | either in sentative Underhill of Massachusetts, because it is to obl! District of Columbia to pay sul costs of an airport on land to be uent be bought Maryland or in Virgin! a reminder that when Maryland and Virginia were among the thirteen orfiu.l colonies and before they con- tributed the land for nthl Natlonal Capital the conveying of land was & much simpler ceremony. Research in the very interesting docummu i.n the Library of Congress reveals & common uee for mmmu ‘properties was tor a set- | inclined to scoop up a handful of the soil and break a twig from a tree on the land he was surrendering and hand them over to the new owner as a sym- bol of possession. IR 8enator Gillett of Massachusetts, who is now rounding out his first six years in the Senate after having served 30 years consecutively in the House, clos- ing his career there as Speaker, re- calls from more youthful days three distinct “thrills.” Pirst—When he was about 13 years | Slim old and captain and shortstop of the ‘Woronoco base bo.ll club in Wenlleld “We were :fllmem to play an _equally youthful e there,” he re- calls. “I was so excited I could hardly sleep uu night More. for I had never looked forward quite so cvmuul as nlng out of town to play a game. manyotflunnunnme boys uowdnfl nm one carryall, v’l h ll to mi‘l‘nl’l’_;lflt uyetuomu . There we defeated our rivals in a very close and exciting nme some of the details certain brilllant plays in that game— “quorum pars magna fui,” as he might quote. “It was one of the red-letter days of my life,” he admits. Second—He recalls a “vivid recollec: tion of a college incident when I 'l a freshman in Amherst.” templation was of the annual Mhnu tion contest in which a prize awarded the freshman who wrote md delivered the best oration. There were six contestants and Gillett’s subject was “The Death of Gustavus Adolphus.” ’l'lu house was m'ded with students lends—among them Senator Gil- lm reulh the mmut girl _in town, who sent him a bouquet. He bash- fully refused to go into further detalls on this subject, except to say, “She and T were both rewarded by the judges my first argument as a cub lawyer before '.hzflupmnflouno nnur outlive. tremen- dously on the case,” he said, “and under cause would | it letter to his friend, my father, comple- menting on his son’s first appear- ance and stating that the court had very much enjoyed my argument and 'was glad to see that I had inherited my father’s talents.” Senator Gillett frankly admits that, ded as I am. I still enjoy applause when I think it is spontaneous, and even of late years, during cam speeches and on such occasions as ‘welcome of the Co: shing, addressing that crowded and very distinguished audience gathered from all over the world, I still get a real gl‘u. much of z;u ardent nl:'!mure my veins over those earlier successes on the base ball diamond, on the college platform and in us & widespread network of new sim- | court. plified Federal courts for summary el i, i ohte Fede: = tion, (Copyright, 1929.) y House Tariff Increase Put at $129,540,000 BY HARDEN COLFAX. - ‘There isn't much guesswork about how much additional revenue the Federal Oonmment would have collected last year at the ports had the tariff rates of thenewblunnpnuodnu}in been in operation instead of those of the 1922 act, however much room for controversy there may be as to what additional cost this have meant to consumers. The increase would have been above $129,540,000, or slightly more than 25 ger cent. Hence the rates in the House ill average 25 per cent more than those of the present law. ‘The United States Tariff Commission has been right on the job and last week * ok k% This little job of copying done Pr. Smith t’o;ouwelllnm u-nm op; books in longhand 'Hun: ward Taylor of Westfield, Mass., the boyhood home of Senator Frederick H. Gillett, where ':;t of the great nmu schools is more 100 borrowed hooh‘“m 5 in which agriculture is essen eernad and on which the new bl H.e l;c?umm"butmm are not se Ju for purposes of '.h?: lnl];l By schedules, here are the increases z‘l,llch ':uld ns last year been in effect, omnun; ‘l:omdm items in six schedules which cannot be com- pared because of changes in classifica- tion: Computed increase Schedule. in ::uu imposed. $2,848,000 &:ud computations for the in!onr; Earths of the Senate finance commit! whleh 1s working on the House bill, :lhowln' imports during 1928 by sched- les, collected, the lw ad valorem equiv- alent duty based upon Txlnmy and prices as stated in the invoices, the amount of duty which would have been g:lld on this same quantity and value of rts had the rates of the Huwley bill as it passed the House recently been effective last year, and thé equivalent ad valorem rates these last figures would have meant. True, the figures are not complete. There are some changes of classifica- tion in the new bill which make it difficult to determine what rate would have been charged under the terms of the House bill on $61,314,000 worth of imports ‘on which $23,080,000 duty lct\lllly was paid. But on imports, computations are possible, the ltlflstlel show $515,949,000 was Uncle Sam in customs duties last ‘Whereas suu 489,000 wvum have paid hld rates of the tariff hlll pending in the Senate been in effect. Using these 1928 flluru for the computations, the ad valorem equivalent duty was uu per cent ac: tually, whereas it would have been 45.1 Ereenth-dflunmpmpuedmuu ouse bill been in opera products account for lu 7534 000 of !,hg !XMGMM increase tha have resulted under the nroponc new tariff rates, or nearly 65 per cent of the total. TI considers only the three schedules of the tariff act essen- tially related to products of the farm— the agricultural schedule, the s schedule and the tobacco schedule. These three w"l“":o snm includes some manufactures of the weed, but these are more than offset by items in other schedules of the act > UGAT | basis, every schedul ind items of schedules, the duty | Tobacc pe; %5 Sundries ... .o 28 ’” 000 ‘The rayon schedule probably shows a relatively minor increase in amount because it is in this schedule that there appear most of the missing i in which the Tariff Commission wn unable to make computations because of changes in classification. It is in the sugar schedule, under which imports are heavy, that the lmmt individual increase in amount is sh shows free in 1928. Mm equln!en M!mmportr duty eol- r on under ehemlul {n of the invoice value of the imports, a Tew' rates been in Speration: e ‘Retes new ra m in_operaf e would have been fl I’I On the same shows an increase. Earths, where the equluhm ad valorem duty was 45.25 per cent, would have had 54. and ar figures for the remaining schedules are: Metals, 35.07 :;mnu wood 15.95 and 25.40; mnr 36; -n 52.72 I':’l“ 26.15; lundrl-. (Coprright, 1929.) te the | oo, is | be turned over- edule was 20.35 per u;;‘t of acquiremen Credit Cost in Grocery Bqélnéu‘ BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. How to the grocery bill is a prob- lem -mJ." most American families have (lced ‘many times. & smaller number of persons are directly lflecm the grocer’s lem of how to llect the grocery is one of no less The Bureau of Foreign -nd Commerce, in studles of refail distributio made & 1 investigation of the mat~ lnd m nndlnn indicate much the corner grocer. A good deal of very humm Rv:hohfl enters into the earner the store to buy sees shelves filled with things to eat anmcy bma'.:w o “’n‘xl;-e of canne: he ly looks almost like a miser's t seems her natural to think that the grocer cannot possibly need prompt | goes payment of his account because he is surrounded by a great store of goods. It is all a matter of point of view. The man or woman worl with hands or brain thinks of the efforts which must be put forth to obtain money to buy the s heaping these shelves. But the grocer thi how hard these goods must work, how often the stock must —that is, sold and placed, and sold again—before he ceives em.h &ont to be entmed lllflcient consumption of his many reasons for the in- - smwlhs 'X'hu'u stitution ol mdlt at is '.hh nllch B 50 _mu wut for his money—that is, peo) to think they hAVO a ht to credit. Two other reasons whicl investigation shows are of the first lm- portance in starting t accounts spring from precisely opposite sources. One is that a certain class of well-to-do g:ople in & community do not want to annoyed by making small daily cash furchmu waiting for change and the ‘They have enough money and find it more convenient to write a check once a month or so. The other is that the class of wage and small uln earners, paid weekly and living budget, actually need credit; they actually never have enough cash to guaral ar payment of bills. Accounting Basis Unsound. ‘The more the bureau looked into the matter the more sympathetic it became wnrd the grocer who, in a sense, has be eyor of food lnd other nodl to customers and helx hnker, Mm ethods of m Iwml to the grant- ing of t.hu ordlnnry small store credit account; and it was shown that the grocer must bear an actual ex- Repeated cases showed that It cost grocer just 4 per cent more hnum.mmlao-d-yeudn account, than for cash. Furthermore, it found that failure to realize '-hlt this difference resulted in the faflure of many small grocers. Here is m anrt. of case fllusmunl the ‘:ol.nt A, an_inventory ;:od. worth n:oom outstand inf rate. 88 three and six months, le some ac- counts were more than a year old and be ‘This de- | to the ciding that I was enutu'd to first pl‘l‘ ' 'mfrd —“On the occasion of That SOM of accounts. l o oumndmml. i i Fifty Years Ago In The Star a:g'nnmvupflnfim on days of heavy M- vertising lddrell of Mr. Whitelaw mld bc!o!! the New York Press Asso- to Gen. Per- | Vi up to $43.000 instead of $13.000. 8o long, the bureau claims, as the, goods are not paid for they belong to the grocer, even though they have been transferred from his shelves and con- sumed. Nevertheless, he is the real owner; he has supplied them and they t | must continue to be regarded as a part stock in trade. So, unless he bases prices on the total inventory, wherever it is, his calculations will be wrongly based. In fact, the bureau shows, it u even more costly to furnish goods on a credity basis than on a cash basis. If the store is of any size at all, the services of a and there th preparing an out periodical bills. The older the the more it is costing to sell the represented. Every month which hy adds to the cost of selling, the price of sending out a fresh first-of« the-month bill, and also the loss on: money invested. Indeed, experts have: figured out that a grocer is fully justis fied in adding 31> per cent to barely cover these charges on regular lfl-dly accounts, Should Charge for Credit. : ‘The bureau took the case of a busy grocery making a net sales profit of to | elght-tenths of 1 per cent on each sale —comldzred a good profit, provided the total turnover is adequate. This gth of time. So there is a dead loss on one-third of all sales on such credit. This is pretty certain to spell ruin for the grocer who permits such a situation long to endure. These figures are based on expectation of full eventual payments. Inasmuch as man; accounts have to be written off as bac debts, the loss is still greater. The bureau makes the definite sug- gestion that grocers should arbitrarily add at least 5 per cent to the price of all goods sold on such credit terms to take care of these exigencies. It is the rare exception to find a grocer rich enough to be his own banker and banker for his customers, too. 'rne borrow soeer himself must nk in order to pay the bills he ovrs wholesalers and jobbers. Obviously, the grocer must pay interest to the bank. an s lo:!nn: suggestions to he th: tter the lot of the independent grocer, ernment, to Illge!'lf-he! o should watch bills and lhllt down H‘fl ly when they become overdue or becoms hproporuonnely large for even a short Use of local credit-] Agencles also s dr:oom Some 32 cent | maki over Detween credit aspect of retailin groceries, the 3| ndepondin ahoct ot ey con! Ing as an factor in the lneu‘ This and That By Charles E. Tracewell. In the early morning he met a turtle and in the late afternoon his first. bee. When a f!llovhl?weehflldhil getting up in the world, in the cat sense. Alexandre stands at that difficult period when his friends do mot know whether to call him cat or kitten. Judged by his long black fail flecked with white he is a cat, but his 1@6» be ness fc at everythin, worthy o!; nhl’:lnc g which numd alr carry it to us from every capital, from every people, from every continent and from every l.lhn ‘Fle want to be told or ought to be There will be greater skill in put- ting these things before them in the most convenient and attractive shape. Judgment in selecting the news, genius brands him Kkitten. What he observes, and why, 1o one knows, but since nobody cares but the turtle it makes no difference at all. He came to the garden three years ago when he was about 3 inches across. Now he is all of 4 inches, 'll-h & most 1 head wi he sticks years ago. What fun is there for a cat in a thing which refuses to move? * ok %k ok km-m scampered over, the turtle made its_big e act. Gingerly he stuek his nose. Notl mn'" % 5 for telling it—that is the goal for the | haj highest journalistic effort of the future. In making a newspaper the heaviest item of expense used to be the white paper. Now it is the news. By and by, let us hope, it will be “The movement Journllhm 1is steadily toward the ldul which Mr. selves improve qualities which are ideal paper of the hmm A Pill Roller's Task. From the San Bernardino Sun. | Reports from that Washington jail acquit the Senate of ini any fl"\l!l wuunl punishment on lenl his right paw, he sudden! hit furiously at lhep;llce ‘where thz head of the re'pulg d been. It was late aflarmn ‘when Dumas look came He held up his paw. houd it it ‘-'m“mmem walked a few ntcpl. held D again. One never meets his first bee but once. ————— . SenA This to Geneva! From the Detroit News. One of our best ideas, at time, lodr el%lfil lll'“r is 'otalhvl the advanc es of skirmishers crawl slowly across a strawberry patch. Emu on Free List,