Evening Star Newspaper, February 22, 1929, Page 7

| “tler wall erected by Congress to shut . with the points of attack stretched along ALIENS SMUGELED INTOU.S.BY PLANE Detroit Is Called Weak Spot in Frontier Wall Erected by Congress. With 1.300.000 aliens illegally in the DUnited States the small border patrol fights a loging battle with international amugglers’ rings. This is article 11 of & series revealing the schemes of the bor- der-jumpers. BY NORMAN KLEIN. “Detroit—America’s back gate.” ‘Thousands of Europeans and Asiatics, forbidden entry to the United States by our immigration laws, are pouring into the country through Detroit these days —and have poured during the last eight years. Detroit is the weak spot in the fron- out unwanted aliens. At least, Detroit 1s one of the weak spots and, along with Florida and the Mexican border, is one of the principal points of entry for those wishing to “crash the back gate.” In many a European village today the word has spread that if you can't come into the golden States with a quota visa, the next best thing is to make a bee line for the Canadian bor- der across from Detroit. So many aliens have entered Detroit surreptitiously that Henry Ford has put & rule in foree in his factories that Job seekers must show satisfactory proof of American citizenship before their ap- plications will be considered. Trafic Rivals Rum Running. ‘Today the traffic in aliens who seek to enter the United States from Ontario, the 18-mile “Gold Coast” of the Detroit River between Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair, has become so extensive that the racket is second only to rum running in point of money returns and number of persons criminally involved, Federal authorities agree. Hiding in the industrial bustle and elangor of Detroit today there are more than 30000 aliens who entered the country illegally, according to a recent survey by Department of Immigration investigators. Approximately 3,000 more smuggled emigrants are sneaked across the De- troit River each year, it is estimated. Right now the smugglers’ agents, ‘working for shrewd, foreign-born ring- leaders, who have made consideral sums out of a fairly steady cash busi- ness, are leading their charges across Other methods of smuggling aliens into Detroit are in freight trains, mo- tor vans, automobiles and speed boats, and lately the airplane has been called upon to unload on United States soll :ootdameru Jhe United States is trying keep oul The airplane smugglers began oper- ations several years ago. Although pilots by air across the Well, it depends on how much he will_pay. The sum varies from $75 to $150 usually. But after the man is in De- troit the bill is not marked paid in full. The organized smugglers prey on the back-gate crasher for years after- ward, demanding silence money under the threat of exposure to Federal au- thorities. These Canadian border smugglers have been recruited largely from the ranks of the booze runners. It is not often that both liquor and aliens are smuggled at the same time. Emigrants and liquor do not mix. That is a well worn expression in the underworld, both in Detroit, in New York Harbor and among the Cuba-to-Florida con- spirators. Efl‘le task of patrolling the Detroit water front rests with the immigration border patrol. It is under the direction of Maj. Willlam A. Carmichael, assist- ant superintendent of the United States Immigration Service. John L. Zurbrick is director of the Michigan district. He supervises both the activities of the border patrol and port immigration inspection. Aliens Cross on Ferryboats. Not all the alien border jumpers em- ploy smugglers to aid them, of course. Hundreds use their wits and cross on the ferries, which operate all day long between Walkerville, Ojibway, Windsor and Detroit. Onehll.ne'clrrles 500,000 passengers a month. It ls‘ impossible for the immigration inspectors to catch the illegal allens in this big ebb and flow of commuters, and especially in the morning and after- noon rush hours. ‘The newcomers from European farms can be spotted by their “foreign ap- pearance,” but they're getting smart now and can buy American clothes as soon as they enter Canada. Holding back this invasion of un- wanted aliens is a small, vigilant com- pany of border patrolmen. At present there are only 113 men on duty pa- trolling the 1,000-odd miles of shoreline | from Toledo, Ohio, to Marquette, Mich., on Lake Superior. Eighty-two patrolmen are concen- trated on the 18-mile stretch of the Detroit River between Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair, where 90 per cent of the aliens smuggled into Michigan are THE EVENING ferried across. The patrol does not possess boats, but concentrates forces on_the shore where the river narrows. During 1928 about 500 aliens were caught and deported and 75 smugglers received sentences for violating the m::’nm-mn laws, Director Zurbrick sal The chief task of the immigration border patrol is to combat the opera- tions of organized alien smuggling rings, which have developed their illegal trade to a high degree, according to Maj. Carmichael. These organizations have European representatives. They approach the emigrant in his native town and direct him to a rendezvous in Windsor. There he meets the boatman, who ferries him to American soil in a speed boat. Left to Shift for Themselves. Upon arrival in Windsor the aliens are sorted into three groups, according to ability to speak English, appearance and financial status. ‘The intelligent English-speaking for- eigner is dressed in clothing bearing the labels of Detroit stores, supplied with a raEe visa and sent Detroit-ward aboard a ferry. ‘The “medium” assortment, supplied with American-made clothing, is brought across in speed boats. These newcomers are left on the Michigan shore to shift for themselves. The “low grade” lots—if able to foot the bill—are brought over concealed in trucks and freight cars and delivered in_the foreign district of Detroit. This Winter the smugglers adopted tactics to accommodate the season. One of the most popular ways of beating the patrol is that of the “ghost walkers."” . ‘The aliens are brought to the edge of the trozen river. Each is equipped with a large white sheet. Crouching be- neath his shroud, the foreigner creeps across the snow-covered ice to the chosen land. Border patrolmen admit “ghost walkers” cannot be spotted at a distance of 100 feet. False Roof in Motor Van. Recenty immigration inspectors halt- ed a Canadian moving van as it left the ferry at the Detroit dock. Concealed in a false roof above the driver's compartment were found two aliens.. Officials became suspicicus only Harbingers of Spring - P-B Topcoats “ Correct interpretation of fashion is an art—requiring keen perception and tailor- STAR, WASHINGTON, after the van had been crossing each day for several weeks. The driver and is helper were convicted in Federal court. Patrolmen captured an alien and two boatmen as they landed within three miles of the City Hall recently. The for- eigner admitted to Mr. Zurbrick that a representative of the smuggling ring had approached him in Innsbruck, Aus- tria, several months ago. He said he was brought into Canada as an agricultural laborer, but that he came direct to Windsor. After paying his fare he was loaded into a rowboat ;qulnpvd with runners for crossing ice oes. boatsmen have been sent to Leaven- worth prison, Maj. Carmichael said the majority of aliens apprehended in Detroit are natives of Czechoslovakia, where the smuggling rings are said to be strongly represented. The alien who seeks to buy his way into this country is often swindled and sometimes sent to his death by the smugglers. One of the favorite maneuvers of the Avoid Repair Bills Automotive Engineers Will Tell You. That the most important part of an automobile or truck is the transmission and rear axle gears. Because they carry the whole driv- ing load. These parts are unseen, and dif- ficult to get at, hence are often neglected. To avoid repair bills, pro. tect these important gears with Ebonite-T for transmissions, and Ebonite-R for rear axles. EBONITE (Combination of Pure Qil) 20 Cents a Shot At Filling Stations and Garages. BAYERSON OIL WORKS Columbia 5228 D. :C., FRIDAY, 'FEBRUARY 22, traffickers is to land the bewildered foreigners on Grosse Ile, a well settled island several miles down river from Detroit. ‘The alien, thinkin, mainland strikes inland only to find The alien was deported and the | " he is safe on the St. Clair. migration officials, = The frozen bodies of six men were Investigation proved they 1929. his only egress from the island is ovcr'were aliens who had been landed on a toll bridge closely patrolled by im- |that Canadian island with the under- standing they were in Michigan. In the lawless trade of smuggling found on desolate Peche Island in Lake | human contrnb;ndhlt t:,o!esn’t seem ;o matter so much what becomes of the HUTUGRIOAN 7 their money. Mr. Klein presents the views of James Davis. Secretary of Labor. and other im: gration authorities on ways to combat huge trafic in sliens. THRIFT AND FASHION BOTH MADE POSSIBLE BY LUCY LOU! NEW SPRING DRESSES for 5.7 5 contraband so long as the smugglers get In the twelfth and final article tomorrow border are threatened with loss ‘of and /| t, the fees of- mwfl m:.flufllmfilp‘%‘mlfi and o K nes who ‘ignore the flying fleld customs Doctor’s Son Caught. Robert Trenholme, son of a well gm( ‘Windsor physlch::. 'was arrested ing skill. Both of which P-B craftsmen possess to a marked degree — with the result that in our Spring dis- play of Top Coats you view the range of accredited styles — into which have been incorporated those in- dividualities that make per- sonal appeal. HIRSH'S GREATEST v | SHOE SALE | o | Every Shoe in the Honse > REDUCED! On Men’s, Women’s and Children’s Every § . Pair OU’VE read about the pérson who “would walk a mile for a Camel.” How about:you?, Would you walk a block for a dollar? Then cross New York Ave. and at once you are h:lll:'of the high rent district, right at Hirsh’s and at the GREATEST SALE Hirsh’s ever ! For more than 25 years people have stepped across New York Ave. to Hirsh’s and saved dol {ars on every pair shoes every day. Now the regular low prices are cut and cut deeply in the big- 'gest value-giving event in our history. RN Tweeds, fancy Cheviots, Homespuns, Herringhones, Knitted Cloths—in Grays, Browns, etc.—made with Raglan and set-in sleeves— regular or patch pockets— silk trimmed. It's cash this extent: If ugg! of $100 for “the job,” he collects the journey on the “under- raliroad” starts, and collects the other half whean ‘r: lands the tourist 2 s the Canada-Detroit in ‘Chinese. It's harder to get Chiinese across. And the Chinese are to get inside the United her foreigners. So Fabrics is only ore factor in Top Coat quality—the important thing is the P-B make. Featuring for your spe- cial consideration the Top Coats at— $29.50 intent upon entering smugglers operating on the rer more than $300,000 a year, How ‘much does it cost to smuggle an lien? Shoes, $5 and' $6 values. 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