Evening Star Newspaper, December 1, 1928, Page 8

®HE EVENING With Sunday Morning Edition. __ WASHINGTON, D. C BATURDAY....December 1, 1928 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 11th St. .nflF Pen;mylvnnu Ave. England Rate by Carrier Within the City. The Evening Star ... . 15c per menth The Evening and Sunday Star ys) . ..60c per month inday Star 65¢ per month | y Star ...5¢ per copy Collection made at the end of each month. Orders may be sent in by mail or telepnone Main 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. aryland and Virginia. iy and Sunday... 1 yr. 1000 3 mo. #ae | aily only 00: 1 mo.. 50¢ unday only 0 1 me: 30 | All Other States and Can: 1d: 1 ¥r. $12.00: 1 $8.00; 5500, Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled 1o the use for repudlization of all 1 ews dis- atches credited to it or not otherwise cred- jted in this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication ef &pecial dispatches herein are also reserved el el et | The Public Works Board. ! The report of a special committee of District officials proposing the creation of a project and engineering board, with ean executive secretary to act in the capacity of a co-ordinating officer on all public improvement programs, has been delivered to the Commissioners, and as | the power to accept and act on the recommendations lies in the Commis-| sioners’ hands, early action may be! expected. The recommendations, drawn atter long study by a committee com- posed of Capt. H. C. Whitehurst. chair- | man; Maj. D. A. Davidson and Ma, L. E. Atkins, Assistant Engineer Com- missioners; William H. Harland, director of traffic, and R. G. Klotz, engineer of the Utilities Commission, propose no; new legislation. With the exception of some one o fill the post of co-ordinating officer, no additional personnel is needed, as the new board would be composed of the three Assistant Engineer Commis- sioners. There should be sufficient funds remaining out of the current appropria- tions to pay the salary of the proposed co-ordinator for the remainder of ths fiscal year and Congress would no doubt include a provision for his salary after | July 1. ‘The merits of the recommendations contained in the report are self-evident. When a condition exists that permits the Highway Department, for instance, to secure an appropriation for paving a street, only to find that no appropria- tion has been requested for laying sewers in that street, the necessity for eo-ordinated action among the various divisions of the District government be- comes apparent. And when a street has been paved on one day, only to be torn up for service connections cn the next, 1t is forcefully demonstrated that some authority should exist to prevent such wasteful and inefficient methods. The committee’s recommendations cover not only these conditions, but seek to Improve others. One recommenda- tion is to speed up repairs or paving in the streets of the downtown area or congested district by working sixteen hours a day. Another is for the creation ef a traffic advisory board, composed of the traffic director, the co-ordinator, the police inspector in charge of the ‘Traffic Bureau, the engineer of the Util- | itles Commission and an official from | the traffic director's office to serve as | sacretary. This board would investigate and recommend regulations concerning soning of streets for the use, type and | ‘weight of vehicles, would attend to the routing of busses and changes in park- ing restrictions. A more stringent regu- lation by permit, no cuts would be per- mitted in newly laid roadways or side- walks for a period of two years after the pavement had been laid. ‘The proposed co-ordinating board will require time to put its plan into effect and bring about its smooth functioning. The Commissioners, therefore, would do well to hasten their study and adoption of the recommendations, thet the Dis- trict may have the benefit of what seems to be the simple solution of a difficult | problem. | ——— It seems a trifle premature for Al Smith enthusiasts to talk about the year 1932 before the details of the 1929 insuguration have been fully decided upon. ada mo. 1 mo. 1 mo.. . $1.00 8e £0¢ Campaign Costs, ‘The high cost of campaigning in this L country is mounting. Four years ago, in the presidential campaign, three or | four million dollars expended by the | Republican national committee was the subject of much conversation and some | charges that the election was being bought. But in the recent campaign both the Democratic national commit- tee and the Republican national com- mittee went beyond these figures. So far there has been no charge of buying the election. . In Albany the Demncratic national committee, which had its headquarters in New York City, recently filed with the secretary of state a report show- ing that the committee had expended ® total of $4,845774.78. Its reported { labor and not politics. STAR|The fact that for once botn parties | ings, such as— What Happened on the spend equally large sums will prevent, to some extent, charges that the elec- tion wes bought. It is a question, in- decd, whether the expenditures of these large sums had much to do with the final outcome of the recent election. | The people generally were interested in | |the campaign. They came out and voted in great numbers. The issué were | widely discussed in the press as well lsl b the campaign speakers. Among the large expenditures in the | campalgn now closed were those for broadcasting. This was something new | and in part accounted for the increa; amounts expended. But th® America people are likely to ask themselves where this financing of political cam- paigns is to end. Especially as the ax- penditures in the end come out of their pockets, not by taxation, it is true, but through veluntary contributions. B President Green. More than ordinary importance attaches to the election of Willlam! Green to the presidency of the American | Federation of Labor for a third term. It means a perpetuation of the policy of conservatism handed down to the great national organization of work:rs| by its first and perennial president, | Samuel Gompers. In particular, the | maintenance of the Grecn edministra- tion in the American Federation of Labor denotes consistent and unremit- ting opposition to the subversive forces of Communism which never cease to bore from within the ranks of American | ‘abor. In still another and no less significant respect, President Green's re-election ' constitutes a wholesome aspect of the labor movement. He is an ardent apostle of the theory that labor's busincss is| He docs not. in | other words, favor the idea of a Labor Party on lines which reach their high development in Great Britain endi achieved their pinnacle four years ago; in the seizure of short-lived power by | the government of Mr. Ramsay Mac- donald. President Green holds firmly to the view that organized American Ilabor should keep out of party politics except 1 to the extent of “rewarding its friends” | at ensuing elsctions, especially for Con- | gress—a bi-partisan and non-partisan practice to which it adheres. Probably labor's excursion into the partisan field, in 1924, when the late Senator La Follette carried its colors in his third party presidential contest is destined to be the last adventure of the sort for some time to come. President Green frowns upon such an absorption of labor's energies or employment of its vast potential power. The American labor movement has several chjectives as yet unrealized. Its latest manifestation in favor of the five- day working week points to one of iis most cherished goals. It tenaciously advocates enactment of Federal laws to curb the injunction and the implied curtailment of the right to strike—a demand in which both the Republican and Democratic parties concurred in their 1928 platforms. It is determined to see restricted immigration a perma- nency in what Herbert Hoover calls “the | American system.” It has not yet| wholly stamped out Communistic influ- ence among the industrial classes of the United States. In the materialization of all thoze | ideals it is fortunate for the Federaiion and for the American people as a whole | that a type of generalissimo like William | Green remains in ‘directive control of | organized labor's program. H2 is a guarantee that it will be worked out constructively, effectively and on Ameri- can lines. —————— “Peaches” Browning is going into a regular drama. The peach crop has disappointed the farmer. It is never a failure on Broadway. ———————— Steps are being taken to suppress the | underworld person who approaches a | bank window with the idea that a gun | is a negotiable security. ——————— Improving Annual Reports. This is the open season for the Gov- ernment’s annual reports. For several weeks they have been released to the general public in droves, coveys and flocks, and by Monday, when Congress convenes, about one hundred and thirty-five of them will have be- come available and another entry will have been made in Uncle Sam's copious diary. The linotypes at the Government Printing Office have been clicking them out with furious speed since the middle of October, when the copy began to reach them, and now they are breathing a brief sigh of relief and getting well olled for the task which faces them in compiling the Con- | gressional Record. Newspapers. mean- while, have been reviewing the reports | with the skill and ingenuity which comes from knowing how to find their enlightening parts in the last three paragraphs, and the lay public, if the lay public reads annual reports, should | by this time have a fairly accurate idea of what the United States Govern- | ment has been accomplishing in the last twelve months. Into each of these annual reports | there is written the hopes and the am- bitions, the successes and the failures, the jovs and disappointments of the | receipts were $5,028,706.02. But these seceipts included three loans of $500.- | 000 each from the New York County | Trust Company, so the deficit of the| Democratic committee amounts to| $1,317,068. ‘The final report of the Re- | publican national committee still is to | be filed with the clerk of the House | here in Washington, for thz Republicar headquarters are in the District o Columbia. The indications are, how- ever, that the Republican expenditurss will range close to those of the Demo- crats. The expenditures of the national | committees of the two mejor political | parties do not measure the expenses | of the national campaign just closcd. There are State, county and other po- litical committees which all raised and expended money. An estimate of the total amounts expended by both parti-s in the campaign would be a mere guess. But it is likely that it ran into many| more millions than those reported by the national committees. In round numbers the presidential campaign cost the nationsl orzinize- tions a combined $10,000,000. This is a large sum of money, even in the United States. It probably will bring thousands of faithful servants who serve Uncle Sam. Into each of thom | go facts and figures which make up the | permanent record of achievement of the | governmental machine. But it must be admitted, between friends, that most of them are dreadfully dull and uninspir- | ing documents. With the exception of | he few who, because of a direct and | personal interest possibly derived from | the pride of authorship, there are no! | known records cn hand which might make one believe that anybody, since the days of George Washington, ever stayed awake at night reading an an- nual report. And this is not as it should be. The | Government's annual reports ought to| be among the Nation's best sellers_l They tell the taxpayer what happened to his income tax and who spent it and why it was spent. They tell him what did happen, in spite of leck of money, and what might happen if there was more money available. To make them attractive the Government ought to do something at once. There ougiit to be more picturss in the Govern- ment’s annuzal reports. They ought to be issued between gay covers of red. . ‘further talk in Congress about the need of curtailing campaign expenditures. gresn, yellow agd, maybe, purple. The chapters sho bear enticing head- |into the plumbing business, where he THE EVENING 8§ Hill,” “Dirty Work in Commmee.“, “Blasted Hopes” or “The Boy Makes Good.” There ought to be a govern- mental-annual-report-reviewer, with a} sting in his pen. *“Mr. Blank's report, this day recejved, is a fizzle,” he might | write. “His conclusions are puerile, his figures are poorly put together and his literary style a mockery. Mr. Blank should cease writing reports and go undoubtedly would excel.” On the| other hand, he might praise the report of Mr. Doe. “His report this year,” he would say, “is even better than the | last. He has learned how to use his words. His sentences ring, his para- graphs echo and his chapters fairly bellow. One will find difficulty in put- ing this report down, once started. The description of the Congressman and the | chief clerk is immense. What happened to the appropriation s a pnlgmm" tragedy, written from the depth of a} man’s soul. Mr. Doe’s future is made. We welcome this giant among contem- porary writers of reports.” e The Holland Tunnel. The important part played by the| Holland Vehicular Tunnel, which runs under the Hudson River to connect New | York and New Jersey, in facilitating the tremendous movement of traffic in the world's greatest metropolis, is demon- strated in the figures just released for the first year's operation. More than 42,000,000 persons took the under-water route between Manhattan and New Jersey and were carried in 8,517,689 motor vehicles. The gross revenue for: the year was $4,700.201.37. One hun- dred and twelve persons were injured. | none seriously, while for violation of the | tunne! traffic regulations 1,370 summons were issued and 174 arrests were made. On the busiest day during the year| nearly fifty thousand motor cars rushed through the tubes at thirty miles an hour. The success of this great engineering | accomplishment has been brought about larg:ly through two factors, the ever-increasing need of additional transportation arteries betwesn New York and New Jersey, and the saving of time through the use of the tubes. Both on the New Jersey and New York ends of the tunnel wide concourses per- mit the speedy handling of traffic and cers are shot under the water at a speed | of half a mile a minute. An efficient police department composed of men especially trained for the work keeps trafic moving and deals quickly with offenders against the regulations. The charge of a dollar a gallon for gasoline for those who run out of fuel and block the tube serves to make motorists care- ful to check up on their supplies before they enter. ‘When the tunnel was first contem- plated and built, it was believed that it would adequately serve the needs of the district for many years, but with its facilities taxqd far beyond estimates during the first year, it appears that the two States must again combine to plan additional arteries to meet future de- wands. R D S, Washington, D. C., is likely to be rated as a two-week stand for theatri- cal attractions. The old impression that activities were suspended when Congress was not in session has been abandoned by business people. —————————— Interest in motion pictures is said to be decreasing. It would be unreason- able to expect film stars to stimulate | interest by staging still more divorces. st Rothstein is a memorable example of the fact that no gambler can mark the deck so expertly as to safeguard him from being a loser in the end. In seeking rest, Al Smith finds it necessary to calm the enthusiasm of admirers who refuse to realize that the 1928 election is all over. - ‘There is abundance of good will in Latin America which needs only sincere reciprocal suggestion to bring it into evidence. = Seebs Mexico will have a new President whose authority will be popularly wel- comed instead of arbitrarily asserted. ————s SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, Crime Test. Where once, as students, we would strive In knowledge patiently to thrive, All of a sudden we grow wise And merely psychoanalyze. ‘The Books of Law are cast aside. Doctors are humbled in their pride. One general method we devise And merely psychoanalyze. ‘We call each crook, when he is caught, A “victim of unconscious thought,” And neither blame nor sympathize. We simply psychoanalyze. Relief. “Have you any ideas for relieving the farmer? “I don't know whether I can relieve his’pocketbook,” answered Senator Sor- ghum. “However, I have several good speeches in preparation that ought to relieve his mind.” Jud Tunkins says as soon as you take yourself too serious you're liable to be the hopeless champion of an over- whelming minority. Post-Prandial. The Doctor came along this way, In honor of Thanksgiving day. And once again he will be due, After the Christmas feast is through. Curtailing Overhead. “Can't we reduce our telephone ex- | penses?” asked the manager. “We might,” answered the efficiency expert, “if we could buy inexpensive confctti instead of tearing up the tele- phone directories.” “A jos! said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “at least gives you the com- fort of listening to your troubles with- out telling you they are your own fault.” Discreet Restraint. The caddy keeps a serious face, Regardless of the golfer's pace. Some day It seems quite likely that He will become a diplomat. “1 reads my Bible,” said Uncle Eben, “an’ jes’ keeps on readin’ wifout losin’ precious time arguin’ 'bout It {of his testimony before a Senate com- | scarcely with heightened prestige. TAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., SATURDAY, DECEMBER 1, THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. every one has speculated at some time | then bawl out the girl for being so care- | or other on how it would feel to be a vietim of amnesia, or loss of memory. This species of forgetfulness causes a | man to be unable to give his own nam>, | ¢ or his address. particular words. Aphasia, sometimes confused with amnesia, is & total or partial loss of the understanding of language, a quit: different, thing. Just plain forgetting. however. is a malady. if it can be called that, known to_every one. Is there a person alive whe has not | often had occasion to say, “Oh, 1 forgot!” Forgetting is one of the best things some persons do! Perhaps what is most often forgotten by the generality of mankind is to mail a letter It would seem an easy enough task. to mail a missive upon which one has spent some time and labor, but actually the thing turns out otherwise. As for mailing letters for some one else. that long ago attained the propor- tions of a standard joke Men have got to the point where thoy carry ietters intrusted to them by their wives for weeks, or even months, with- out once thinking of them. This is so true that many men today find it necessary to live up to the tradi- tion by forgetting to mail such letters even when they remember! Some solve the problem by ostenta- | tiously holding the epistles in their hand all the way to the office. Others, shrinking from such pub- licity. place them in a prominent place on their desk in order not to forget to put them into the mail box some llmP‘ during the day. o | Keys take high rank in the list of | articles commonly forgotten. People g0 away on automobile trips, never once remembering the big front door key until they stand there several days later. h, daddy, you forgot to take the He is likely to forget ‘] key!" Some people. if they can't forget any- thing else, forget where they hid some- thing. “I know T put it some place, but——" ‘What they forget is not the thing, but the place. They did not sufficiently impress upon themselves the precise spot where they hid the precious article. Others have great difficulty in re- membering faces. They never know you when they meet you again! Often there seems to be some affectation :l_bfl"l this precious specles of forget- ing. “Oh, yes, stammer. Others forget names genuinely, although they remember faces. They greet those they have met, but are never able to do more than make an inarticulate noise when trying to recall names, Some have telephone numbers as their pet subjects for forgetfulness. They may be wizards in memory in all other matters, but when it comes to the process of recalling four numbers pre- lctdcd by a name they are at a distinct 055, If a telephone number has in it a 6 Mr. Er-er-a-hum!" they ess. NN ‘Women seem particularly addicted to leaving the house, forgetting something, going back for it. Of this they make a ritual. We have seen it, but forget exactly how it goes. It seems that “bad luck” must be averted. Theater tickets have bren known to be forgotten in the rush of getting off to the show place. ‘This includes card- boards admitting. holders to recep- tions, ete. Thanks—just plain, ordinary, every- day thanks—is something as often for- gotten as Keys perhaps. Chiloren have to be taught to say “Thank vou!" and It is common observation that some of them as speedily forget it. Their elders, in some instance. have been known to forget to bestow this ordinary courtesy on those serve if. Some men and women have a_positive genius for accepting fav without once giving a “Thank you!" in | return. They are past masters of the art— maybe it is science—of actually making donors feel that they are being done favors by the acceptance! Surely human ingenuity can go no turther. ¥ No doubt too many forget the good old custom of saying grace before meals. Too many forget to thank those to whom thanks are due. A borrowed book may be taken as the standard subject of comparison in this forgetting business. Even well intentioned persons nor- mally forget to return borrowed books. Many a kindly person runs a free library for his friends. or so he thinks, when all the time he is simply giving them books and being refused the meed of the donor. Some people actually feel that a borrowed book belongs to them, they keep it 50 long! ¥ * s As for money. ah! there is something borrowed and forgotten with a ven- geance. Most money-borrowers’ minds are an utter blank when it comes to remem- bering to pay you back the coin they barrowed. They suffer from both amnesia and aphasia. It was easy come and easy 20, and the whole transaction is past history, ancient history, so covered with the dust of ages that they have utterly forgotten it. Some men—and a few women—have a genius, too, for forgetting services rendered them by others. It is mo.e convenient for them to forget than to remember. To remember, presupposes gratitude: the latter lacking in a character, thers will be no need for memory, especially when such would only stir one to the realization that some one had been abie to aid them. “You Forgot to Remember” said the | song, and that play on words contains much truth as well as some poetry. It is not every one who can remember. either the letter his wife gave him to mail, the five dollars he borrowed from a friend, the book he bore away three months ago promising that he would return it in two weeks, or the gratitud> which should be the due of every doer of a good deed. This is why the old song, “Then You'll Remember Me,"” strikes such a sad chord in the human and a 9 they will get them backward, heart. Stewart Acquittal Is Viewed As Endng Oil Pros “Apparently the ending of this case means that further efforts to hold to legal accountability the perpetrators of the most astonishing frauds in Ameri- can history will be a waste of time.” Thus the Dayton Daily News sums up a view which seems to be held rather generally by the press in connection with the acquittal of Col. Robert W. Stewart of perjury charges growing out mittee in an investigation of the oil scandals. After weighing the evidence, the New York Times holds that “even without the technical point in his favor (the absence of a quorum at the time he tes- tified before the committee) it is highly doubtful if Col. Stewart could have been, or should have been, convicted of perjury.” The Times adds, however: “Col. Stewart may assert now that he has been fully vindicated. But he should remember lhal;ubllc opinion 1s often able to reach and punish derelic- tions which are beyond the jurisdiction of any jury.” In a review of the oil prosecutions | the Milwaukee Journal observes that, “in its larger aspect, the case adds one more to the long roll of criminal prose- cution failures—Doheny, Fall, Sinclair, now Stewart. And people will be say ing. cynically again, about these case: ocntinues the Journal, “things that are not good for us to have to think or say. But how can it be avoided? For all that was done in Washington, nobody has paid. * * * The termination of this case provides no satisfaction for anybody. Certainly not for the Ameri- can people, who mark it down as one more blundering trial in the criminal prosecution of the oil cases that ends in failure. Certainly not for the Senate committee and the Senate, both of which have given a demonstration of how loosely Government business can be conducted.” * % e “Mr. Stewart has emerged success- fully,” remarks the Springfield Union, “from two trials brought about because of his participation in the transactions that preceded and followed the unlaw- ful leasing of the ofl reserves, bin n the failure of the law. a double obliga- tion may be imposed upon those other agencies that have already indicated their dissatisfaction with the quality of service that Mr. Stewart has rendered modern business. and that have taken steps to clear its good name of any shadow that may rest upon it.” The Hartford Times, noting that “the Government has had poor luck wita criminal cases growing out of the oil matter,” offers the view: “Whenever individuals have been put to trial on criminal charges, the absence of im- portant witnesses or the presentation of technical defenses has prevented con- victions. With Mr. Blackmer still hidinz in Europe and resisting all efforts to extradite him for appearance before the courts, the presumption of innocence which attaches to those accused of con- nection with the various cases cannot be exceedingly strong. It is not to con- ceal the innocence of transactions that men make themselves expatriates e “This technical acquittal serves its purpose. It frees Stewart. And it leaves the sorry record as it was,” savs the New Orleans Morning Tribune. The difference between civil and criminal actions is pointed out by the St. Paul Pioneer Press. with the statement: “In civil actions, the decisions by the courts, the Government scored smashing vic- tories. In criminal trials, with decisions by juries, it has suffered a series of defeats. * * * The Supreme Courl in the civil actions swept through side issues 1o the central fact of guilt. The juries in the criminal cases did other- wise. It is still difficult to convict a million dollars.” The Charleston Daily Mail sugges's that “the question of perjury, in a case having such possibilities and so many leads, was a mere episode, if not some- thing of a diversion from more im- portant things.” The Scranton Times quotes a report that “Col. Stewart is jubilant over the outcome of the trial” but continues, “He can be, if satisfied with a technical verdict which frecs him of any danger of punishment the court. but does not change hi status in the eyes of the general public.” * ¥ #The result will mrobably surprise ’ ecutions some of the very good lawyers in the Senate.” according to the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, “but it will nevertheless serve to check that body up in its cus- tom of spreading a committee member over too much ground." The Post- Dispatch adds that “the harm done by the whole oil scandal is incalculable. The ease with which Fall, Doheny. Sinclair, and now Stewart, were all extricated from what looked like a bad mess has weakened the country's faith in the inexorableness of justice.” “Perhaps the Stewart trial set up a good precedent for Senate investiga- tions,” in the judgment of the Grand Rapids Press, “in making it plain that there is no use voting them unless a quorum is willing to stick them out. A one-man quiz is entirely too open to suspicion of vindictiveness and political intent and self-glorifying. The Senate has to be pretty serious before it will keep up a quorum, and serious investi- gations are the only kind worth holding.” “It did not help justice,” declares the Seattle Daily Times, “to drag the oil | cases through two campaigns and to harp continually upon them in tom- mittee rooms and on the Senate floor. The Senate investigation started as an important public service, but the people are likely to forget that in reflecting on the political bias shown by the special committee.” Looking beyond the verdict, the Buffalo Evening News concludes: “Col. Stewart still has an account to settle with John D. Rockefeller, jr., who called on him to resign his Standard Oil post after his appearance before the Senate committee last April. The outcome of the contest of strength between the two men will be followed with keen interest by the public.” e Psychology Is Seen Behind King Move Prom the Kansas City Journal-Post. Senator King of Utah in announcing | that he will vigorously oppose the Navy building program that President Cool- idge intimated in his Armistice day speech would receive the backing of the administration bases his opposition on psychological grounds. The Senator is one of a growing ..1m- ber of pacifists who pick China as a model and assail the preachments of practical statesmen of the past that preparedness is an insurance against wars instead of an aggravation. In the words of the late Theodore Roosevelt, the Senator would Chinafy the United States. It is a matter that cannot be settled by rhetorical periods or by appeals to pure reason. It is a matter of judg- ment based on experience and a knowl- edge of how humans really behave in- stead of theories as to how they ought to behave. % If the American people wanted to fight, would lack of an army or navy or a full treasury cool their ardor? It would not. Their unpreparedness would be repaired at vast and unnecessary cost of life. ‘Would the naval impotence of the United States move other nations to treat us with more kindness and con- sideration? Let China answer for us. It has been pacific to a marked degree, and has suffered everv humiliation and many sacrifices of material interests as a direct result. Would building our Navy to fit our peculiar needs as to vessels with a longer cruising radius interfere with the pacific policies we are urging other na- tions to unite with us in adopting? Would they not be as apt to interpret abandonment of balanced naval pre- paredness as a piece of Yankee economy as they would to charge our active ef- forts for the peace treaties are a mani- festation of Yankee hypocrisy? Would not the fact that America is building in accordance with its wealth and its needs cause the other nations to con“ sider acceptance of our pacific over- tures as good policy? In either event we must protect our own Interests, however our courss is interpreted. No other country will pro-’ tect them for us.™~' who de- | 1928. THE LIBRARY TABLE By the Booklover Primitive man and civilized man are not very far apart in their actual neces- sities. Both must have food and both must fight their enemies in order to keep alive. Primitive man ate raw or crudely roasted flesh and wild fruits and grains; he fought wild animals and his fellow man as his chief encmies. Civilizéd man eats carefully brofled or roasted meats from animals raised for his use and lusclous hot breads made specially prepared areas; he fights dis- ease as his ever-lurking enemy. In a series of dramatic biographies, repre- sented the way in which these two great needs of man. food and protec- tion from enemies, have been met by certain modern scientific investigators. In “Microbe Hunters." he tells of the carliest discoveries of germs by the Dutch mieroscopist Leeuwenhoek and the Italian naturalist Spallanzani, and of the experiments of Pasteur, Koch, and many other scientists. directed toward the conquest of the microbes causing discase. In “Hunger Fighters,” Mr. de Kruif tells of the equally valuable, often heroie, work of those scientists who have | learned how to protect our food supplies | from germ and insect enemies and how to produce new foods to augment a | supply which must continually increase e o In “Hunger Fighters” we see the old- fashioned druggist, William Saunders, starting the Farms at Ottawa, and there, and else- | where through Canada, with the help lof his son, Charles Saunders, and of Angus Mackay, making the experiments of crossing the Red Fife wheat with the Hard Calcutta. which gave to Can- ada the Marquis wheat, early ripening. frost resisting and heavy yielding. We see Dr. Marion Dorset of the Bureau of Animal Industry, Department of | Agriculture, discovering, after eight | years of experiment with Towa pigs, a | serum for the treatment of hog cholera. | In the year 1907, “the year the Marquis | wheat first defied the frost.” the serum was first used with what seemed magi- cal effect on 47 Iowa farms. Lurking inside the rabbits, which so many people enjoy stewed or fried, a mysterious menace, a germ called bacillus tularense, which causes the dis- ease tularemia. This disease and its cause have been studied intensively by {the “hunger fighter” Edward Francis of the Hygienic Laboratory of the United States Public Health Service, who advises: “If * * * all cooks, market men, hunter: housewives and others who dress rabbits would wear rubber gloves when do- ing so they would not contract tularemia.” Another of the mystery stories in_“Hunger Fighters” is how Dr. Stephen Babcock of Wisconsin Univer- sity, “the father of the vitamins, covered that there is some elusive X quantity in foods which makes human beings and animals thrive, and whose lack causes them to develop disease or to sink into decline. Experiments with cows and their calves, carried on by Humphrey. showed that cows fed on wheat were lean, weak, poorly resist- ant to disease and produced sickly calves, whereas corn-fed cows were fat and sleek and produced vigorous, frisky calves. The nature of this X quantity in corn and of the X quantities, or vit- amins, in other foods has never been found, but chemists have been able to discover which foods contain these Xs. with great advantage to medical science and to human beings. * oK oK K Charles Edward Russell, last year's Pulitzer prize winner for biography treats of familiar scenes and topies in his new book, ~-Rafting on the Mis- sissip™” Mississippi River at Davenport, Iowa, at the foot of Le Claire Rapids. He was brought up among boats and river people and learned to steer a steam- ! boat when he was 15. In “A-Rafting {on the Mississip'” he tells the story of the logging and rafting industry. which reached its peak about the middle of the last century during the great set- tlement of the West. The book is made up partly of the reminiscences of old river men, partly from rare old letters and diarles and partly from the au- thor’s own experiences along the Missis- sippl. . . In her book, “An Empress in Exile," by Empress Hermine, wife of the ex- Kaiser, this companion in his retreat at Doorn gives many interesting pic- tures of the dethroned sovereign. “Dur- ing his stay at Amerongen, from No- vember, 1918, to May, 1920, his majesty, William IT, sawed 17.000 stems of pine. In Doorn, since May, 1920, he has felled and sawed 3.000 stems.” Add to this statement that the ex-Kaiser's woodpile today includes “oak and beech trees a yard in diameter and 90 feet long” and we have an example of the Empress’ method in presenting her dis- tinguished husband to us as a private individual. “In the Summer.” she tells us, “the imperial gardener often waters flower beds, especially his beloved rhododendrons. The pails he uses « * * contain 10 quarts. The Em- peror has emptied as much as 700 pails in a single day with the help of his gentlemen. During the drought in 1921 the Emperor helped to convey or to pour out 175,000 liters of water, or about 7,500 pails. No wonder he keeps his figure!” We are not to understand from this. however, that the former Emperor has become a mere hewer of wood and drawer of water. Far from it!" since the Kaiser cannot visit | the world,” the Kaiser , _“the world comes to him. * ‘There is hardly a week that does not bring its quota of committees and delegations.” Yet these public or semi-public activities are somehow not as interesting the intimate details of the Kaiser's daily routine. “In the evening. when there are no guests, the Emperor sits with me in my rooms read- ing. Sometimes I join him in his work- room in the tower, where he is sur- rounded by all the souvenirs of his life that he treasures most, including a water-color sketch of himself painted by his grandmother, Queen Victoria. This is the room where he writes his letters and his_books. The Emperor rarely dictates. He prefers to write out all manuscripts in longhand with an indelible pencil. His secretary copies his notes on the typewriter and adds the originals to the imperial archives. ¢ * * OQutside, the Emperor's three faithful dachshunds * * * keep watch. They were with the Kaiser at his pal- ace in Berlin. They followed him through thick and thin throughout the war. More faithful than most men, they accompanied him into exile. When he takes his walk in the park or in the village of Doorn. they run noisily ahead of him. Sometimes the oldest, Senta, lags a little behind, but she makes every effort to keep step with the Em- peror so far as her asthma permits. “An Empress in Exile" is illustrated with a number of photographs of the Kaiser, his wife, her children and the house at Doorn. We see the interior of the Empress Hermine's salon, the re- and, among other photographs, a charming portrait of the Kaiser and his little step-daughter, the Princess Hen- rietta, known in the Doorn household as “the General.” s ‘The possible effect of the moon on an Irishman in October is suggested by the following description quoted from ““Des- tiny Bay,” Donn Byrne's posthumous story of Ireland: “The full moon of October, rose in the Irish sky, so vast, so near. that you could shut your eyes and think: A few steps. a hell of a jump, and I ecan catch the rim of it, and swing through it into that country of which Grimm tells tales. There is such magis in the October moon! It gilnts over the sea, and makes a floor of gold there. T&he cliffs are vaguely | | from wheat or corn grown over large, | two books Paul de Kruif has, through | Dominion Experimental | s | tion, dis- | Dr. Babcock’s two assistants, Hart and | Mr. Russell was born on the ! ception room where she was married | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS What do you need to know? 1Is there| some point about your business or per- | sonal life that puzzles you? Is there something you want tc know without delay? Submit your question to Fred- eric’ J. Haskin, director of our Wash- ington Information Bureau. He is em- | ploved to help you. Address your in- quiry to The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, ‘Washington, D. C., and inclose 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Q. What is the association which is composed of tall men called?—T. R. A. It is called the “National Society of Long Fellows.” It was organized in the Spring of 1027, for the purpose of giving publicity to the needs of excep- tionally tall people in the way of spe- cial accommodation. Q. On which side should one sleep?— D. W A. The Public Health Service says that, in general, any position in which one is comfortable is a satisfactory position for sleeping. It is, how- ever. considered better to sleep on the right rather than on the left side because there is less strain on the heart. Sleeping on the back tends to cause pressure on the abdominal aorta. which results, in some cases, in bad dreams. Q. As one interested in carving, I want to know whether the work at Stanford University, the colonnades BY PAUL ¥ In some factories the foremen used to post signs reading. “If you want to find out who's boss around here, start something.” idge or Secretary of State Kellogg has Reprrsentative Britten of Illinois has “started something.” if nothing more than an interoceanic discussion. Once in a battle an overenthusiastic doughboy insisted on plunging in where veterans feared to tread, and he was | recalled by his officer with the admoni- “What d'ye think you are—a whole division?" Maybe Representative Britten is like that doughboy. He sees an objective just ahead, and believing he can ! capture it single handed without a flag. a brass band or even a gun, he rushes according_to high authority, he a $5,000 fine and imprisonment for six months for alleged violation of the Logan law, passed in 1799 to curb a Quaker who was butting in to defeat the action of the Department of State in a settlement of hostilities with France. The astute Congressman, imagining that “the worm will turn.” plots his action so that there will be the Government, after next March 4. He's astute. He nor an “army.” He sees a real objective and— Who goes there?” % 2 E ‘The Congressman had not heard from his friend, the prime mi er of Great | Britain, “for a coon’s age,” and he takes | his pen in hand to let him know that he is dying of ennui and hopes the | prime minister is enjoying the same | blessing. | Then he goes on in that friendly way | of his, chatting by cablegram with Mr. Baldwin, the head of Great Britain: “Remembering very pleasantly my personal participation in 1nurpurlu-| mentary conferences, bath here and in Europe, T am impelled to suggest—stop | { —a joint meeting .of the committce on | | naval affairs of the United States House | of Representatives and a select commit- fee of members of Parliament—stop— | for the purpose of friendly discussion and | the hearing of testimony in c})nmcunn\ with applying the principle of equality | in sea power between Great Britain and the United States—stop.” | He did not stop there, but space limits | require a stop here, | * K ok K | Now he is issuing bulletins of expla- | nations of his symptoms. In his first | lletin, he admits that he cabled to | ‘Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin.” His | subsequent declarations protest that he was addressing this “person, Baldwin, not as prime minister, but as a mere member of Parliament. Shall not a Congressman speak to an M. P.—not a military policeman but a member of Parliament, on an equality bas's, with- out being court-martialed? Should a chairman of the naval affairs commit- tee of the House of Representatives high-hat a Britisher in Parliament? This is a pretty pass! These bulletins, prepared with such conservative understatement, so as not to alarm the public. yet to record the facts, are published in the news columns of The Star. The follow-up stuff argues that the Interparliamentary Union has been in- dorsed by our Congress for a quarter century. In 1904 Congress appropriated $50,000 for expenses connected with such a conference held in St. Louis— entertaining international guests on the “plaisance” of the world exposition. In 1915, a separate group of the union met in California to settle Japan's objection to the United States exclusive law, and. in 1925, Congress again appropriated $50,000 to entertain the union in Wash- ington to talk over the World War, opium and disarmament, the League of Nations and international law. Even He's a whole A. E. F.| ‘Halt! the board of any member of Congress who would attend the meeting of the Interparliamentry Union in Berlin—up to a total of $10,000. No official ap- pointment by the President was required —that bait of free board outside of the Volstead law was deemed sufficient. But_that story of the doughboy who he saw Berlin ahead keeps bobbing up when the Congressman, with the memory of Berlin in 1928, now argues authority to scoff the Logan law be- cause the Interparliamentary Union does. Hence he openly defends his in- timate billetdoux to Friend Baldwin— “for he's a jolly good fellow.” Yesterday, word was received by grapevine, directly in Mr. Britten's office, that Prime Minister Baldwin had sent a very friendly reply through the British Ambassador, which proves that it is all informal and unofficial. Am- bassadors never before handled the personal correspondence of the members of the Interparliementary Union, but as a_ trained diplomat might express it: “Ca ne fait rien.” The Ambassador may forward the reply through our State Department. The exact wording of the “friendly and unofficial” reply of the prime minister had not vet been | disclosed at the time of going to press, | but may appear in The Sunday Star— “top o' coiyum, next to pure reading matter.” * ko % ‘The Logan law does net apply to British prime ministers themselves. but “our esteemed contemporary.” the Fed- eralist, said in one of its enlightening editorials, in 1737 or thereabouts: “The quality indispensable in the management of foreign negotiations. points out this executive (the President) the most fittin; t in those tre blue in it. and the shore becomes a | silver street, and what the mountains | are dreaming of is past imagining. R Although Senator Beveridge's death prevented him from completing the four volumes he proposed for his “Abraham Lincoln,” he finished the first two which have been issued under the title, “Abra- ham Lincoln: 1809-1858." It had originally been planned to publish thess two volumes in the Fall of 1928, the two others to follow after an appropriate | interval. Senator Beveridge made s | It is not alleged that President Cool- | over hung up just that sign, but surely | in where diplomats fear to tread. So| nothing doing until the Quakers rule | not a mere division,’ this year, 1928, Congress agreed to pay | thought_he was a whole division when | BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. and interior of Memorial Chapel, is cnr\_’le_dcmzrble or pressed concrete.- A. The colonnades at Stanford Uni- versity are carved sandstone. The carvings in the interior of the Me- morial Church also are on sandstone, Q. Who was the model for Whistler's “White Girls"2—s. W. A. Jo Hefferman posed for this, or, as Pennell says, likely cone when Jo. tired out. thre herself back and refused to pose any longer, and yet Whistler, never tired, always with so much more to do than he knew he ever could do, seized th chance, and made another master- piece. Q. How much paper is punched from 1Chr-nr-mmps in making perforations? A. Approximately 50 tons of pap-r | are punched from the perforations ef |stamps in a year. Between 17,000,000, | 000,000 and 18.000,000,000,000 | are made a year. | | stamps Q. Can a telephone receiver be regi- lated for people with various degrees of hearing?—T. J. A. The American Telephone & Tele- graph Co. cays that there is no special type of telephone receiver which can be regulated to suit the hearing of various | persons. There is, however, a_special | telephone for persons who are hard of hearing. BACKGROUND OF EVENTS ’. COLLINS. | actions: while the vast importance of the trust and the operations of treafies as laws plead strongly for the partici- pation of the whole or a portion of the legislative body in the office of making . it appears that the makers of | the Consiitution debated whether the | House of Representatives should have a | part in foreign relations, and the fin- | ished _Constitution indicates the con- | trary decision. Not even the committee of the whole House—much less the com- mittee on naval affairs and even still less the individual chairman thereof. * ok k% Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, John Marshall, while he was a Con- gressman, said: / |, “The President is the sole organ of the Nation in its external relations.” | The foreign relations committee of | the Senate. in 1897. declared. “The Exscutive is the sole mouthpiece of the Nation in communication with for- | eign sovereignties.” A prime minister is de facto the British sovereign. Quincy Wright, Ph. D., professor of | international law, University of Minne- | sota, wrote a hook entitled “The Con- trol of American Foreign Relations.” which won the $2,000 Phillips prize in 102!, given through the American Philosophical Society, and he says in vhat book: “The same law has been reiterated by the courts. by commentators, by Con- | gress and by the President himself in | official communications to Congress. | The President’s position as the exclu- sive organ for communication with for- eign nations is a_well established im- plication from the powers expressly delegated to him by the Constitution to receive and to commission diplomatic officers.” Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson told Citizen Genet the same when that unruly French trouble-maker annoyed President Washington, and when Genet failed to see the point he lost his status as an official representative. * k% % Prof. Wright quotes the Logan law as follows: “Who, without .permission of the Government, directly or indirectly, com- municates or carries on any. verbal or written correspondence or intercourse with any foreign government, or an of- ficer or agent thereof, with an intent to influence measures or conduct of any foreign government, or of any of- ficer thereof, in relation to any dis- putes or controversies with the United States, or to defeat the measures of the United States; and every person, being a citizen or resident of the United States, and not duly authorized, who | counsels, advises or assists in any cor- ‘respondence with such “intent"—shall | be fined not to exceed $5,000 or im- | prisoned not to exceed six months, or h. Of course, a Congressman is immun~ from arrest and imprisonment during a | session of Congress, but not. in holidays. | He might be fined and the fine run | against his tip from the Treasury for | serving as Congressman. * x % % When an interrogating reporter asked Secretary of State Kelloge if there had ever been a precedent of the Britten | case, the Secretary answered in the | negative. It has been alleged that Sena- i tor Borah had done the same thing in | writing to President Calles of Mexico, | but in that case the Senator merely | asked information for his own guidance as to what American oil companies were involved in Mexico's action under alleged confiscatory laws. He did not tell the Mexican President what he thought of that action, nor seek to in- fluence him. No precedent, whatever, for Mr. Britten except that of Citizen Genet and Dr. Logan. the Quaker! And see what happened them! S Congress cannot, even by joint reso- lution unanimously adopted, modify or amend the sole power of the President to initiate and complete negotiations of | all kinds with foreign nations or their | representatives—subject to the veto of the Senate alone after completion and submission by the President. * ox ok % | In 1906, a debate was held in the | Senate over this point, in connection | with President Roosevelt's negotiations of the Algeciras convention through the President’s personal agents, whose ap- pointment had not been consented to by the Senate. In that discussion Sena- tor Spooner of Wisconsin, supporting the President. said: “From the foundation of the Govern- ment, it has been conceded in practice and in theory that the Constitution vests the power of negotiation and the various phases—and they are multifari- ous—of the conduct of our foreign re- lations exclusively in the President. “And he does not exercises that con- stitutional power—nor can he be made to do it—under the tutelage or guard- | ianship of the Senate or of the House | or of the Senate and House combined. “Mr. President, I do not stop at this moment to cite authorities in support of | this proposition. that, so far as the con- | duct ot our foreign relations is con- cerned. excluding only the Scnate's pa ticipation in the making of treaties. the President has the absolute and uncon- trolled and uncontrollable authority, | We, as the Senate, a part of the treaty- making power. have no more right to |invade the prerogatives of the Presi- dent to negotiate treaties—and that is not all—the control of our foreign re- | lations is not limited to treaties—we have no more right under the Constitu- tion to invade that prerogative than he has to invade the prerogative of legis- lation. “I do not know whether it will be any ‘light’ to the Senator from South Carolina, but in Mr. Jefferson’s opinion on the powers of the Senate, a very celebrated document which he gave at the request of the President, this lan- guage was used: “‘The transactions of business with foreign nations is executive altogether. It belongs. then, to the head of that department. except as to such portions of it as_are especially subject to the s'e?-vle. Exceptions are to be construedq strictly.’ | great name as historian and biographer | with the pul tion of his Marshall” in 191 ke Tt will be noted that the House hag nothing whatever to do with negotia- tions with foreign statesmen. (Coosriebt. 1928, by Paul V. Colllng,)