Evening Star Newspaper, October 21, 1928, Page 41

| KING OF SERBS ATTEMPTS REE FACTIONS TO UNIFY TH Alexander Has Not Yet Been Crowned, Due to Expense, But He Holds Balance of Power. BY A. R. DECKER. AGREB. —King Alexander Karageorgevitch is King of the Serbs, but he has not yet been crowned King of the Croats and Slovenes. A faw magnificent coronation ceremony to be held in Zagreb. but no one spraks now of a coronation £onz for this. One it that a coronation carried out in a way to impress all con- cerned would cost a large sum, more than the budget would stand. The other reason iz that the branches of th> Jugoslay family ere not yet snffi- ciently united to warrant a corona- tion. Indesd. there is more talk of geparation than of union. There iz perhaps a third but minor reason for indefinitely postponing the coronation ceremony. This reason is the decreasing effect of the glamour of “the king business” in general. King Alexander is indeed more popular f= more respected than ever. but thus popularity is more because of his per- gonal character than his position. Kings have never worn a very bright halo in Serbia. The Serbs are repub- lican by nature and entirely democratic in their ways. The Croats are mor2 monarchistic than the Serbs. But King | Alexander is secure in his palace: thers is no movement on foot to unseat him Indeed, he is an _exponent of the union | of the southern Slavs. King Alexander | it the bridge builder joining the Serb:, Croats and Slovenes. King Is Active Worker. The King is no passive agent sitting | ealmly while things happen in his king dom. He is an active worker and careful and well advised politician m | @ land where politics flavors everything. Apparently moved by a realization of his broader interests in a genuine Jugo- #lavia, the King does not identify him- self with any party. He has consist ently based his actions on strict legality. | He adheres to the constitution as literal Iv as possible. The political party or combination which receives the major- jty in the Skupshtina is recognized by the King as the party or combination | in_control. But this does not prevent the Kino | from trying tn bring abhont a general Jugoslav party a3 opposed to control by | a local party. The tendency in Jugo- | . glavia is toward fighting for contral by the different regions. For lnsumcf'.{ although Nicola Pasitch. the Bismarck | of Jugoslavia, was the principal in | forming Jugoslavia. still Pasitch was for a greater Serbia, not a Jugoslavia and much lsss for a greater Jugoslavia, including 21l the Slavs of the Ralkans. | Stephan Raditch, the Croat leader. was | for a greater Croatia, and not for a | ) Pasitch had Serbs. | lactz has never besn comnensated for vears ago there was much tals of a | There are two rea- | | grade. His favorite Summer dwelling | It is a beautiful mountain rotreat. It | 15 generally thought Prince Windisch- | nls seized castle Tt is said he was uot even permitted to remove his per- sonal belongings, the fortunes of war. | King never lives in or near Zagreb. | Why shou'd he, while the | the Serbs. Croats and Slovenes is being | achieved? King Alexander is a Serb. | | and he probably possesses the Serb | quality of knowing how to weit. He | 15 only 39. and has time to wait. Queen Marie. wife of King Alexander | and daughter of Queen Marie of Ru- | mania, is not understood in Jugoslavia. ! She is probably bored to death in Bel- | grade. Not being a Slav. it is difficult for her to be popular. Her two chil- | dren. Peter, 5. and Tomislav, 1 year | | old, ‘are enjoying all the popularity. ! One sces their pictures in homes and | offices. They represent the coming | generation in which rests the hope of | a united Jugoslavia. Serbs, Croats and | Slovenes will dfe and Jugoslavs will | take their places. { Besides the rivalry between Zagreb | and Belgrade, between the Croats and | the Serbs for political leadershin, there | are some real differences which make | mutual understanding _difficult. But | 1 is hard to draw a line bstween the sentimental differences and the real differences. The Serbs and the Croats do_not agree upon the facts. For instance. there is the question of taxation. The Croats assert they are assessed from two to three times as much as the Serbs. It is further| claimed the Croats pay their faxes, while the Serbs never pay anything. According to the Croats this was all right during the three or four vears following the war. while Serbia was recovering, but now it is 10 vears since the war swept over Serbia. and the Serbs should now also pay taxes. Admit Unequal Taxes. The Serbs claim they are paying just as high taxes as the Croats and fur-| thermore much of the reparation mor received is being paid out in Croatia for | locomotives and public works. Th~ | orcbabilitiss are the Croats are baing taxed more heavily than are the Serbs. for a law equalizing taxation is sup- posed to go into effect January, 1929. That is virtually an admission that tax- ation has been unequal during 10 years. The Croats claim also they are un- fairly treated as regards representa- tion. They claim the Serbs manipu- late the elections so that they obtain control of the Skupshtina. This, it is stated, is not done in Croatia, but in Southern Serbia, in Bosnia, and in th> | THEF SUNDAY STAR. WASHINGTOX, D. C, OCTOBER 21, 1928—PART | America First in World Trade | Throughout the is in the castle of Prince Windisch- | x-aetz in Bled or Veldes, in Slovenia. | The Croats do not like it because th~ union of | AMEIRCANS ARE BORN TR BY JULIUS KLEIN, Director of the Bureau of Foreign and Do- mestic Commerce of the Department { Commerce. MERICAN cash-registers are ringing their merry tune in the shops of Johannesburg and Harbin. Empty American kero- oil tins are serving as cooking utensils over peasants’ fires in the rice country of South China | American safety razor blades are scrap- | ing the chins of blond Swedes in Stock holm and of swarthy Africans in the Sudan. Gay. enthralled, hilarious audi- ences 1n the mining towns of Peru or the teeming native quarters of Tientsin are watching the movies from America, with their flashing pageants of great | events, their handsome heroes hangine | from cliffs, the grotesque antics of their baggzy-trousered ‘“‘comics.” Massive American machinery s | hewing and erecting th~ public works by other peoples. American cosmetics are to be found in Cuban boudnirs, American electric refrigerators are doing service in sweltering tropical cities. American airplanes are showing (in a manner to win the admiration cagle.” Viewed from any aspect—volume. {arts of the Universe American Influence of Every Character Is Felt. ADERS. FOREIGN ) anxiously feared by many of our own| observers that the end of our wartime | monopoly of the trade routes was at hand. According to these opinions, we had. so to speak, been enjoying un- hampered access to the lucrative market | places around the globe behind the | backs of the sadly distracted European | traders, and now’ that the latter wv-rp‘ no longer spending their waning ener- | gles in the bloody conflict, we would | soon see the comfortable isolation of | our export activities rudely invaded | Europe would regain what was hers “by ancient prerogative” and we would soon be driven back to our pre-war status as a poor sccond and in many major | markets even a third-rate participant Indeed. the threat scemed serious, es- | pecially in view of the desperate straits | of the European nations. whose foreign | | trade accounts for anywhere from 5n’ to 85 per cent of their commercial life. | in contrast with about 10 or at most l'!} per cent in our own case. Even more | ominous from the point of view of the | American exporter was the formidable | advantage enjoyed by his European | | rival because of the chaotic currency | | depreciation in_the Old World. which | | of the world) the dauntless “way of the | reached its nadir in 1922 with but 57 per cent of stability in the European | currencies. What has actually transpired in the COMMERCE HAS EVER FORMED A PICTURESQUE OUR NATIONAL LIFE. Burope has increased scarcely cent in that time. The charge that our extraordinary and_admittedly abnormal achievement in 1913-1920 was but an unhampered mble for loot. for ill-gotten fruits hich would be dissipated at the first an of serious opposition, has been completely repudiated. Our trade today stands revealed, not as a_temporary ap- parition. but as a solid. firmly founded structure built upon sound prineiples not_haphazard war rubble. It is a edifice of lasting quality erected out »f materials inherently and _essentially American and, therefore, not in the least_impairipg the prospects for re- covering Europe to restore her pre-war commerce “when, as. and if"—to quote our insurance friends—she is in a posi- tion to carry on. Speaking more concretely and specifi- cally, our great advances since 1921 have not been. in the bulk. staples such as cotton. oil, wheat. fobacco, etc.. whose trade prospects rest largely upon the fortuitous whims of nature—crop shortages or gluts, droughts or down- pours. Our major gains have been in the field of fabricated wares and have been attained through painstaking. ef- fort and _through intelligent sales strategy. These gains have not been | ple_oppottunitics awaiting LT ACRE YA AN - ND ROMANTIC ELEMENT IN 10 per|turn from the old and to start life often be wiped out and personality re- | anew,-with all of the hosts of new ideas fomenied by rocent experiences with war-time necessities in the fields of syn- thetic chemistry, machinery, tra portation and communications. Thiz new growth did not precinde, however, ths continuance of much that was old and enduring in the world's commerce. As the nations of Europe, one by one, returned to their accus- tomed trade routes, they found am- them, un- hindered by the expansion of the sales of America's specialties, which had been stimulated by the new margins in the advancing standards of living and the awakening ambitions of the new na- tionalistic spirit in many lands. Germany's exports to Colombia and Venezuela today are three times their pre-war value: her share in the greatly increased total of Australian imports iz 6.8 per cent, as compared with 6.3 in 1913, and tho corresponding figures in her Indian trade are 7.3 and 6.9. The United Kingdom has increased its ex- poris to Australia by $130.000,000. and to New Zealand by $43,000,000, or nearly 80 per cent in both cases. Sales of French merchandise to Canada have | increased more than five-fold since the last, pre-war year. Thus the “newly stimulated buying 'SCIENCE PLAN BY WALTER TIMME, M. D. Clintcal Professor af Neurology at the Neu- rological Institu at Columbia | Univer: | HE real criminal is not the low- browed. short. swarthy indi- vidual that the fiction writers love to depict as the perfect master of crime: in reality he is | usually of the athletic, open faced, pink cheeked. blond type, whom ths same fiction writers are wont to describe as | the hero of the piece. Such men are often victims of the | disturbing insidiousness of glandular ! for the misbehavior of the thymus. thyrold and pituitary glands | may cause the bodily form of an indi- | vidual to develop along different linez | ! from those 1t would normally take, and ! may alsn twist and warp the personal- | lity. Science now realizes that not only | are many of the people who cannot | fit themselves comfortably into life suf- fering from glandular defects, but that | the failure of these little organs to | function as they should is even the | | cause of many of our most brutal and | | revolting crimes. This is an encourag- | ing discovery. hecause it means that in | such cases criminal tendencies can | | formed by an operation or by propsr medical treatment. The opening of the Neurological In- | | stitute's new building, which. with; | others of the medical center group in | | New York City. was dedicated on Octo- ber 12 to the service of humanity and | the progress of science. is a new mile- | stone in the research work into this | gActive Drive by Neurology | Rely on Study and Treatment of Gland System. 2 S CAMPAIGN FOR REDUCTION OF CRIME Institute Will given products made from the glands of animals to overcome the deficiency raused by the non-functioning of his own glands. During the first vear the boy im- nroved. but during the following June the treatment was stopped for the Sum- mer months. That Summer he broke into three houses and was placed under the jurisdiction of the court. In September he returned for treat- ment. When questionsd he denied all knowledz=> of his actions, took a defen- sive attitude and regarded the medical treatment az a form of persecution. After he had a little more treatment, however, the principal who had referred his case t ns was prevailed upon to take him back in the school. Th» boy's confidence in himself as an individual was restored. The last information on this case shows that he is a respected member of his community. Another case was that of a 15-year- old bov. This voungster's illness was caused by a thymie hypopituitary and caleium disturbancs, He was all right up to his fourteenth year, when, sud- denly, he took to drinking and declared that every one was persecuting him. He twice tried to kill his mother. He was placed in an institution He was given doses of medication of caleium and pituitary and became less violent. Later he contracted spells of hopeless depression and developed re- ligious obsessions. He thought that if he killoed some one. say his mother, whom h~ adored. his own erime would be expiated. The medical treatment was kept up and a year later he was able to return home. He is now going to high school and in his school associa- tions and environment he is normal. Another of these mixed glandular types in which the pituitarry. thyroid | and thvmns glands were affected was a years. He was brought treatment in 1920 and is still under treatment. I can safely say at this one point that if this boy had not been brought to us he would either be in prison or wou'd already have paid the legal penalty for murder, as have Hickman, Loeb and dozens of others, His norsonality record shows that he was subject to emotional outbursts, was ego-centric and impossible to get along He was treated for a period of two years and at the end of that time a letter was written to his mother in which it was stated to her that his boy of 81, | for question of the relation between glands | | and personality. Here. with increased space and working facilities and with | the fund for the purpose which is now | being raised. an active campaign will | be carried on to curb criminality with | the aid of science. That this can be | done has been proved by 17 years of | !study which have definitely linked | glandular disturbances to criminal ten- | dencies. | As to Marriage. The part played by the glands in | | making lawbreakers of otherwice decent citizens is not, however, the only inter- esting angle of these researches | Glandular disturbances do not always | produce criminals, and the question is | not necessarily one of crime. It may be one of compatibility, of determining. by the nature of their glands, whether | or not two people will be happy to- | behavior was caused by internal glandu- lar derangaments. and she was warned not to let his environment bring back past conditions. She also was told that constant teasing and nagging would bring out his worst qualities. Perhaps in response to this letter, or perhaps for soms other reason, his mother decided to take him to Europe and place him in a school over there , centralized Jugoslavi regions inhabited by the Magyars. | value or variety—the transformation of like the chance winnings of wartime:| power in these competitive, economi- | gether—two people, for instance, who control and wanted to keep it. Raditch was fighting for eontrol. Now both Pasitch and Raditch are dead. Th> Serb Radicals are solit and the Croatian Peasant partv has been weakened. wav is open for th King to extend his bridges and unite the Jugoslavs. Secret Societies at Work. The way is not entirely clear. for the parties remain and the cliques are very | strong The Serbs in Belgrade are not | going to yield the power and all of the | special privileges which go with it.| .There are certain customs in th~| Palkans which are very remunerative to those who hold the key positions. It is true these customs are not confined tn the Balkens, but it is in the Balkans they are accepted as the understood reward of success in politics. The secret societies play an impor- tant role. They are dangerous. and even the King does not care to tamper with them. They typify the reckless, ‘bomb-throwing. revolver-toting element of the primitive Balkans. Some of them are working for personal inter- ests of the Camarilla; others believe they are ultrapatriotic, guarding Jugo- slavia. Some of them are local, others | « are Jugoslav. King Alexander twice tried to eon- struct a real Jugoslav party. Both attemnts failed because of the Serbs and the Croats. There is talk of his trying again, but sooner or later a general Jugoslav party will be formed end Jugnslavia will begin to realize its union. The King has insisted upon and obtained one thing. the army has been kept out of politics. Even the «Croats are proud of the army. and th» Serb_generals are the best friends of the Croats, in whom they sce excellent i | Democrats ‘There probably is some truth in this. Gendarmes certainly are important adjuncts to an election. That is why the Croats insisted upon ncutral gov- ernment being form=d to hold the new elections. Because the Serbs refused to vield on this point the Croats and Sarb boycotted the Skupshtina recently. It is also a sore point with the Croats | that they are not given a proportional | number of posts in government depart- | ments, in the embassies and ccnsulates,‘ and thev claim thet thev have but 5 per cent of the offices They ask why the Serbt should be officers and the Croats orderlies? The ts were considered very capable officers in the Australian and Hun- garian armies, and the Australians and the Hungarians did not discriminate against them. Hopes Are Not Fulfilled. ‘That probably is the real cause of the trouble between the Croats and the Serbs. The Croats. who are sensitive and proud, have had their s»nsibilities deeply wounded by the Serbs. The Croats thought they would and should be received into the new state on a | basis of equality, each and all to havel eoual rights and opportunities. Instead, they fael themselves, rightly or wrongly, relezated as “second class citizens.” | The Serbs do not take the Croats into their confidence; theay show distrust and reserve; they carry on the internal and foreign policy of .Jugoslavia without permitting the “Pretchani” to partici- pate. The Croats say, “We are a na- tion of superior culture and traditions. We are asked to submit to the rule of an inferior p2ople. We are treated as a conquered province.’ This is not quite true; it is not the soldiers. Also King Alexander has seen to it that strategic rail lines were built | and the country prepared for defense. As commander of the Serb army dur- | ing the war h» learned the value of a | good army. But highwars and m chanical tools of war have bsen neg. lected. Queen Is Not Understood. King Alexander lives a quiet life, | position of equality. question of heing ruled by a superior or irferior branch of the Jugoslav family. It ix more the rule of a po- litical machine centering _in Belgrade. Many believe that_the Croats should | fake a pags from Belgrade's book and by firmness and resolute energy seek f The Serbs themselves will eventually see that equality as the only principle for a without much of ths pomp and ecere- mony of royalty. Most of his time is spent in two palaces in and near Bel Seeks Peace With Holy See d_from First Paze) |a sense part of it, is another difficulty | cellor of the exchequer of Great Britain. high standing in church circles,” pre- sumably inspired, this “minuscolo” state | was described vaguely as “a large tract of land west of the Vatican linked to «the sea by means of an automobile road; this land (which might be a Wfllli known villa belonging to a Roman, prince) should be large enough for ths ! s palaces, residences, offices and es that constitute the Holy Church Must Be Indcpendent. The church takes the position that it cannot be free in the exercise of its spiritual mission unless it is independ- ent of all earthly rule. Under the Laws of Guarante promulg2ted b:v; the government in 1871 and never ac cepted by the Holy Ses, the Pope is| given exclusive use and possession of | the Vatican and its annexes, but not ewnershin. The Ttalian state, they say, iz free to take back what it has never legally released and hence in the eves of his faithful the Pope iz nothing more than a tenant subjeet to his , Ttalian landlords. In fact, he is a pris- oner. ‘The Fascisti dispute this logic and przue that the Pope i3 not onlv froe but in fect he has never been as free as he is now. This, then, is the situation with ref- ! erence to one of the thorniest prob- lems facing Italy today. While the Pope is absolutely uncompromising in his ‘demand for a sovereign state and sgain_and again reminds the world * that he is at the mercy of his failers, | the Fascisti. in the words of Mussnlini, | will never give up a single foot of the pational territory. While only last Year the prospects of a solution seemed exceedingly bright, now there is every justification for the statement that an agreement is As far removed and al- most 25 hopeless as it has evar been Tt is & common c2ving in Rome fhat enly an American Fape ean solve this puestion—meaning one of twn thing:, either that it will never b~ zolv~d, sin~e Vihe possibility of an American’ Pone with an Italian Colleg> of Cardinals 45 difficult, to sav the lsast, or that enly 2 practicel man not enmached in the hopeless tangle of Italian politics ¢an eolve it ‘ &ack of the Roman question, and in democratic reflpl! like the Jugoslavs. Unless equality is granted and unity achieved Jugoslavia will fall apart at | he first test. | (Copright. 1928.) that causes constant friction between | Catholics and Fascisti. This is the | clash betwesn the Fassist conception of state and the Catholic idea of the supremasy of religion. This clash as sumed_threatening pronortions recently when Mussolini crdered the suppression of the Catholic Scout organization While the Pope accepted the order good naturediy. in_return for the right to eontrol ‘the religious training of the Balilla, it is a known fact that the church 25 a whole has deenly resanted it. In fact, it was the protest of Cath- oliss throushout the country that is | d 1o have forced Mussolini to mod- | ify his famous decree dishanding all | orgenizations of youth exeept the Balilla. A subsequent decree an‘horized the continuance of the Catholi> Uni- versity ~ Federation »nd the Ttalian | tholie Youth—hoth part of the “Azione Cattolica. The siruzzle botween church and staie in Italy is fundamental and, ac- | cording to Gentile, the self-siyled philosopher of Fassism, inevitahle. | Frscicm stands for the cfats supreme: in fart, it tends to deify the state, church. on the othsr hand, is for the premacy of religion. It is the old ruggle of the Popes and Emperors. | Fascism would have the church serve | its interests throuzhant the world, while the church, poliey, would have the state as part of | 2 machinery at home. Thers are forces in Italy striving verv hard ‘o | rase the tension hetween the two. There | 15 2 Catholic Center party. which aims | to serve as a go-betwesn. hut which, | like all pracemakers, satisfi~s neither of | the warring parties. and then there is the Jesuit order. This latter organiz tion s strong for Fascism as a bulwark ageinst Masonry throughout the world | When one asks an Italian what are the chances of an agresment hrtween | ths church and state in Italv, the #nswer is a chrug of th shoulders, It | i= th= only answar postible H 1Crprrizht, 1975.) . | Crack Finders, | Prom the Terre Haute Star, | Th2t new devier which finds invisibls | oracks in steal rai's misht be sdapted |M detecting similar breaks in party lines, » | | {our export trade has been one of the intervening decade since the way has | most spectacular economic developments | been cleared for the refurn of the Euro- | !of this amazing post-war decade. Not pean ftrader to his old haunts? The lonly is this true with regard to the| situation can be summed up in one sen- | | greatly increased significance of our |tence. In the course of fhe ascent out | overseas selling in relation to the whole | of the dark pit of 1921-2. America’s | | than $1.000.000.000 in value. giving us | i fabrie of our economic well-being. but | exports have increased slightly more | status of our commerce with regard to| 15.4 per cent of the world's total export | in line with its traditional | ¥ |1t applies also to the greatly altered th> world's business as a whole. | trade in 192 When the bottom dropped out of | things in the depression of 1920-2i | and the fantastic. swollen monstrosities | of the post-armistice inflation collapsed | dently predicted by our competitors and ' per cent in 1913, whereas the European share is abont 52 per cent at present as against a pre-war percentage of 62. With deductions for price changes, our in the army | with a resounding crash, it was confi- | foreien trade today is some 58 per cent above its 1913 level, whereas that of fiy-by-night speculators; they are the result of careful, far-s war export effort, except on the part of a small group of great corporations. It is true that the stage was set to give special advantages to the peculiar life of America. weary of the sordid past, was eager to ghted planning ‘only our exportars, but those of Europe | of a sort largely unknown in our pre-'as well. Trade prospects for any nation | that keeps him on the qui vive, alert the merits of American wares, but these ad- [ populations in the market itself. Where | marrying 8 woman vantages were in no sense stolen from | the Old World has lost in its interna- | gland is shrunken and ineffective. Her | as compared with 124 | the Old World. They were the results | tional commerce is in the trade within | glandular condition is likely to mani- of utterly new conditions. which gave | its own shores. f tise to new wants that could be met only | countries themselves supplied nearly 64 | mental and physical slowness. Such a | from the more youthful, resilient, en- | Per cent of th> total imports of the | hi terprising commercial and industrial | countries of that continent; at present | A war-torn. world, | the_percentage is about 56. cally new trade areas has benefited not | wish to marry. . | A man who has a big thyroid gland | | in any given market clearly are condi- | and very energetic; who is known as a tioned not so much by the efforts of {go-getter. a hustler, and who rushes | other exportcrs in that territory as by |around from morning to night. nervous | expanding buying power “of the|and excitable, should never think of | whose _thyroid Tn 1913 the European it _'_I"v‘ loss, (Continued on Fifth Page.) The Story the Week Has Told BY HENRY W. BUNN. | ‘The following is a brief summary of | the most importent news of the world | for the seven days ended October 20. * ok % % Great Britain—The Earl of Birken- | head (of old, known as “Galloper | Smith”) having resigned as secretary of stats for India, Viscount Peel has been appointed to succeed him. and the of Londonderry replaces Lord Peel as first commissioner of works. Lord Peel is not new to his_job, as he was secretary of state for India in the first Baldwin government from 1922 to 1924, succeeding Mr. Montague under | delicate circumstances and dealing with | them skillfully. He entered the House | of Commons (of which his father was speaker from 1884 to 1895) in 1900, 2nd | remained In it until translated to the House of Lords by the death of his father in 1912. Lord Birkenhead leaves politics to enter big business, like three distinguished _contemporaries before | him: namely, Reginald McKenna and Sir Robert Horns, both chaneellors of the exchequer, and Sir Pric Geddes, first lord of the admiralty. He has had no experience in business, but that fact means little to one so versatile as the famous “galloper.” In recognition of his services h» was, on retirement, created a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Star of India % itk ke Germany—We are informed that at | a me2'ing in Paris on October 19, Poin- | cars, premicr and finance minister of Frane>, 2nd Winsion Churchill, chan- | h> two acting wiih full powers on be- helf of their respective governments, agroed fo the definite fixing by an inter- national commities of economisis and | bankers of the total of German repara- | tions obligationz, Parker Gilbert, agent | general tor rcparaiions being pre it is presumed ihat Owen D. Young w.ll be especially invited to be a member of | the committ=ec, German participation o consiftnte is chiel difference in char- acter from th» Dawes committce, There is little reason to doubt that | tha governments of Germany, Italy and | Belgium will adhare to the Paris agree- ment. Of course, a3 in the case oi the | Dawes plan, any p'an proposed by ihe new commitice to bocome efective | would require acceptance by th: sev- eral governments concerned and ratifi- cation of such accepiances oy the proper_constitutional auilioritie: | At ahout 5:30 p.m. on October 15 the | Gral lioppeiin arrived at Lakchurst, | ending a vovag> from Friedrichshafen ! of noarlv 112 hours over a diciane of sbout 6.000 miles. Sailors pulled her down in 3 minutes There will be more than one mind as to whother or not she clearly demonstrated suitability to regular commoreial service, Rough weather was cncountered. but not ex- traordinarily rouzh, and the port stabilizer was put ont of business just | of the Azores, with the result that | thenceforward no belter ) speed was possible. A t0 th» other stabilizer would have meant | complete eripp'ing of th> whale works, | and the fast suzgests e necescity of furcher improvemenis beiore the type | proverly may be pronounced quite air- worthy, Dr. Hugo Frkencr handled th~ ship with masterly skill; ths same who ! plloted h> Los Angelcs hither in 1924, It was at once a bold and a gracious | thing to do to detour over Washing- tan and New Vork. N-w York | at its jolly bost: it was a delizhtful thine | 1n 54 th exeltament in th» streets. ' And a mara maisstie siTht is scarcely | imaginable than the mizhty eraft soar- ing aver the city with s201=s of planes | Nifting about her and Jooking vory | tiny, like—what shail we > tike | midgsts 2bout an antadiinvian sturian | —nn that will hardiy do—but, wll, let it 20 2t that ¥ oxox China.—As the erowning feature of the ceremonies at Nanking calebrating the scventeenth anniversary of the cut- i break of the revolution which ousted | the Chings (the Manchu dynasty) and | set up the Chinese Republic, Chang Kai Shek and the 15 other members of the new state council (less Chang Hsueh Liang of Manchuria) howed three times before a portrait of Sun Yat Sen, stood reverently silent before it for three minutes, and finally pledged obedience | to the teachings of Sun and fo in-| structions from the central executive committce of the Kuomintang, the Revolutionary party. * | ‘This pledge, be it noted. is of exceed- ing significance and importance. One awaits details concerning th> machin- ery of the new central government. My pressnt understanding s that there are to be five “yuans” or “department boards” subordinate to the state coun- | cil. which itself is completely subor- | dinate, as the pledge above noted would indicate to the central executive com- mittee, of the Kuomintang. The presidents of the yuans have been inaugurated, but the yuans are yet to be organized. Subordinate to thom will be sundry ministries, the | presidents of the yuans having the ap- | Do You Bore Yourself? BY BRUCE IDING on a train the other dzy, | gnt to watching a man whosa eondition was raally pathetic. He had foraotten to bring a hook or a magazine: there was no one in the car with whom he could talk. For one of the few times in his lifs, he was utterly alone in the world; and he was utterly miserable. was thrown unexpectedly ints his own eampany, and he bered himse'f terribly. His was not an exceptional caze; on the contrary, rather typical ef the ordinary madern man. In olden days. when towns ware more scattersd, distances asaater, and life lesa complox. men wers ascusic med ta be alone fer hours and even days, and could stand it. The madaen man must be talking, or he must he reading, or he must ha playina; anything Iast by accidant he be left alone for a little time and compzl'ed to think. “The world." as Wordsworth s2id, “is too much with us” 1 would not hava any man un- social. Hs who withdraws him- ~alf from his fellow man leszens his servica znd impoverishas his life, no ma‘te® what work of art may eama out of his sslitude. But it would do ths world goad if every man in it would comnel himself accasionally to be abso- lutely alene. Most ef the world's progress has coma out of periods of such lonsliness. Moses was a social being, a nelitical leader, whnes success was in his power to handle an unruly erowd. But Mosss’ great cantribution to the world—ths Ten Cem- mandmente——came down from the meuntaintop where hs had tlimbed alons, (Coprrisht, pointment and dismissal of th: min- isters, The numerous provincial ,and mu- nicipal committees of the Kuomintang are to continue answerable directly to the central committee of the Kuomin- with dynamite. council are: Gen. Feng Yuhsiang, Gen. Yen Hsi of ta Shan, tuchun of Shans | fairly continuous experience of sad-|governs growth. | ness. Famine conditions threaten to be worse than those of last Winter, |and we are told that the bandit-infest- | | ed arca doubled since the Spring. | tis feared that the unpaid and insuffi- tang an arrangement obviously packed | ciently fed soldiery will get out of hand, 0Ot usually possible for an uninformed | The taxable sources have been squeezed Among the members of the state dry. and, even if this were not the c: . And an adequate machinery for the lev: tion to the account of the cen- Gen. Li Chai tral government has yect to be created. Sum. commander at Canton: the gov- | The famine situation in Chihli and ernor of Hankow, and Sun Fo, son of | Shantung Sun Yat Sen. is sufficiently known, pro- Also Chang Hsueh | longed from last vear and exaggerated. Liang. super tuchun of Manchuria: but | On top of a widesptead earthquake as it is nnlikely that for some time at | hideous as any of record, Kansu is this !, | least ho will be an active member and | vear cursed perhaps the appointment is to be re- with crop failure from drought and by a religious internal war garded as only one of courtesy or of |of unsurpassed ferocity. optimism. In his capacity as chairman of the state council, Chang Kai Shek is de- nominated “president of the govern- ment.” The indebtedness of the framers of | the new machinery to Muscovite models | is apparent. Apparently China faces one of the saddest Winters of an immemorial and BARTON. It w2s out of the silance that Samuel’s ca'l came: and Moham- med's: and Joan fo Arc's. To Linealn, poor struggling lawyer, there once came an offer from a great rai'road to become its general counsel at $10,000 a year. He did not seek advice. thouah friends offered it free'y. Ons day he appeared at his office an hour Iater than usual, and annsunced that he had made his dacision. He I'ad risen early and walked out to the little grove on the edae of Springfie'd where most of his decizians were mads, and there had wrestled the thing out alone, Jahn C. Calhoun once told a friend that he “had early sub- jected his mind to such a rigid course of discipline, and had nersisted without faltering until he had acauired a parfect control over it: that he eould now con- fine it to any subject as long as he p'eassd without wandering aven for a mement; that it was his hahit, when he set out alone for a wa'k or a rids, to sslect a cubiect for reflsction, and that he naver suffered his attention to wander from it unti! ha was satisfied with its examination. “How do ysu wish to he shaved, sir?" Daniel Webster's barber once asked him. To which the great plicd: “In silence, sir. Thers is no great success without eancentration; and no concentration in mirds that have not bean disciplined to long- continusd, self-reliant thought. Stare yaur mind with thaughts worth while: be independent of the world of chatter—yes, even eccasionally of the world of backs. For in this lies the se-ret of a virils personality—and the key ts contsntment. 1928 man re- on the grand | »xercise control. ithat Ioader have “liquidated” the holy 1 a8 | | And now Shensi Province, éradle of Chinese civilization, as so many times [ old, raises the famine wail. Halil, Tocus and drought “until nothing is i0_be soen but naked earth.,” reads the official appeal. thus continuing: “Bandits and rebels are plundering the homes of the people. Cammunists |are taking advantage of the situation and are burning and killing. and mu- ' tinous soldiers are causing horrors and ralamitics. Military depredations have swept every place clean, and every- where are broken-down dwellings and bare fieid: Of the great cities in the 18 Provinces (not including Manchuria). the least wretched ars Shanghai, Tientsin, Nan- king and Tsing Tao. the first two laraely beceuse of the economic activi- ties of resident foreigners. Nanking be- cause it 5 th> Nationalist capital, and Tsing Too because Japan holds the port The Nationolist ministry of education issues glowing manifestoes, but the presneet is of Jhu’nm: down of schoois ale. tems are desperately The raflwav s | di'apidated, with only faintest prospect of rehabilitation. And the Nationlist government. Are fhe s‘ories true alleging hopeless dis- harmony affer all?> Are infinite intrigue, avari~> and trea~hery, corruption in>x- hanstibly fecund? T suagested last waek that probably the report of the murder or macsacre of as many #5 200.000 harmless Confucionist farmears of Kansu by their brothers in blood but not in religion, the Kansu Mesl'ms on rampags, was exaggorated. A report which has a leok of authen- tieity brars me out. Kansu is within th= m over which Feng Yu Hsiang. the ‘Christian generzl.,” has bsen wont to Anparently forces of . Poscibly their rendering of “O; ‘ian Soldiers” froze the blood as well it might. W= hear that Henry Murphy. a_di tinguiched architect from New Yor hos been appointed adviser to the Nanking government and that he is fo plan a “Nanking heautiful.” includ- {ing a full 5ot of government buildings {Mr. Murphy was the architect of Yaj |in China and for several years worked {on plans {which ware anprov | authorities in 1927 for a “Canton beautiful.” bv the Canton While adopting from the West the useful and the sani- tary, Mr. Murphv ingniously adapts ihem to his buildings and seltings. so that th> latter are altogather celestial in ect, celestial of the best. We also hear that ths Nanking gavernment has contracted with Ernest P. Goodrich, the well known N~w York engineer, and_with Prof. Edwin W Kemmerer of Princeton, the “eronomic galen.” Mr. Goodrich is to construct a flood-conirol canal in the Tientsin district, which undertaking will, inei- dentally, furnish_employment to 100, 000, famine suffercrs and he will { deepen the Pearl River so that sea ' soldiars. ping can reach Canton and no tongsr will be compelled to transship |at Hongkong. ~ limproper functioning warps personality o, | 8lands are functioning properly and the | | fest iteelf in weariness, indifference and he to be ‘a drag on him. ‘The glands whose malformation or and sometimes helps to make criminals are the thymus, thyroid and pituitary. lTl\r pituitary gland, located in a pocket | within the skull and protected by bone | formations, influences brain activity. | Through its secretions, which seep into the blood stream, it brings about cer- tain chemical changes necessary to the normal individual. The thymus gland is located in th= | | chest and 15 one of those glands which It is not the under- development, but the overactivity of | | the thymus which causes trouble. The thyroid gland is a soft mass in | the neck and prepares the products of I bodily oxidation for elimination. It is | ‘person to know whether or not those | | effects they produce are, therefore, sometimes ascribed to other causes. “Why, there’s nothing the matter | | with my child,” said an- indignant mother to an exasperated principal sband is likely to wear her out and | for a year. On board ship he threw all his medicine overbiard and wrote as obscene a letter as we have ever had on record. More ups and downs fo'- lowed, but he was finally “prevailed” upon to take his medicine faithtully. Now he is in a good school, has no more abnormal ideas, and the last X- ray check-up, shows that after eight vears of treatment he is slowly reaching normal. It is a probability, however that treatment in a modified form will have to be continued throughout his lifetime. Another case was that of a bright young boy who was brought to see us by his mother and father. They thought that he was too fat. He was a rosy- | cheekad, cheery little fellow, but he was unmistakably a criminal type. Exam- ination corroborated this. When 1 told his parents this fact they were insulted and indignant and took him away. Soon after this he tried to knife his mother. and six years later, after = series of crimes which ruined his father financially, his parents came to me an asked me to try to save him from a heavy sentence on the plea that he wa: suffering from glandular disturbance Group Is Definite Class. From these cases it is apparent that certain psychic and psychological con- ditions arise both as direct results -f the glandular inadequacy and indirectly through physio-chemical deficiencies that bring this group of individuals into a definite class. The group is recognizable, apart from | when he advised her to take her hand- | me, healthy-looking son to a doctor. | Tt is_true he is rather unmanage- | jable.” She had to acknowledge this in | view of the bov's tempestuous career | at ndless scheols. | | " “He's more than unmanageable. He's | 'bad,” said the principal baldly. “In fact. he's so bad I feel sure that there must be some physical reason for it.” | | When the youngster was brought for | | sxamination “he was 16 | Physically he was all that ‘he should . He ate well. He slept well. He | | felt all vight . .. But he was sick. He | was absolutely unmanageable. His | temper was terrific He was a klepto- | | maniac And he denied every chargs. | X-Ray Reveals Trouble. | Through X-ray examination of the | <tull the trouble was found to be of nituitary type. The pituitary sland | was not functioning properly: tgere- | |forn hs was unsble to romnete " nor- mally in the problems of lfe Treat- |ment was started in 1022. He was construction of the Bush Terminal on | the Brooklyn water front. harbor con- | struction in the Phillipines, etc. | Prof. Kemmerer is. no doubt. ex- | vected to draw up a complete fiscal ! svstem to do on a far grander scale I for China the seme sort of thing that | (assisted in each case by a group of experts) he has done acceptably for several South American countries and for Poland. | Let us pray that our information Is correct and that our informant. Sun | Fo, son of Sun Yat Sen, was not issu- | | ing sight drafts. on hope. Sun Fo is | confident that our finan~iers will make | | pessible realization of the magnificant | | DlAns of the Nationalist leaders for the | | rehabilitation and, development of | China, but he admits that th {1 little slow in getting started rsted. but cautious.” is his expression. “pending further stabilization of the Nationalist government.” The Nanking government has sent | identic notes fo all the powers con-| | cerned, “asking them™ (language of the | Nanking foreign minister in a news- oaper interview) “to abolish extraterri- | toriality as soon as possible.” Asked | to define “as soon as possible,” Mr Wang intimated that he meant at once, | | oronto: the Chinese, of courss, being | | famous for “understatemen b | Russia.—It will be recalled how | Briand has been stressing fo the Leagu> | | Aszembly the menace of Russta. Good | | authority gives the strength of the Rus- | | sian standing army as 562,000. More- over, the mifltary training of discharged o'diers is continued extensively and | | intenzively. The claim is plausibly made that through the educational sys- tem of the army llliteracy in Russia | has been reduced from a pre-war A2 per cent to a present 45 per cent. Pine. | you say at first blush. but it is no less | plausibly objected that the primary | object and result of such reduction of | illiteracy is to soldify the communiza- | | tion of Russia. We are told that in | Russia proper 54 per cent of the chair- imen of the village Soviets are ex-red The 2rea of the Union of Sorialist | Soviet Republics Is estimated at about 3.166.000 square miles, the population | vears old. | ° 1is | glands rush to the defenss of its life. the physical side, by uncertainty in mental activities, lack of concentration of power, no stick-to-it-iveness and no mental co-ordination; it is easily domi- nited by stronger minds and is con- stantly retreating from its problems, going the path of least resistance; it has no judgement. no control of in- stincts and no self-denial. Indeed, the inadequacies of this group are so great at survival may be impossible, and me therefore die in early life. Yet many of these individuals, through compensatory efforts of other | slands, gradually and automatically re- ‘over entirely from these disabilities and becom® members of the best and most highly organized civilized groups One of the wonders of the human bedy the way in which the ductless it is this volunteer automatic wo~l: that makes Tife different from any machine vet invented. In machinery the parts do enly their appointed work and wear out with use. 1In the body the parts not onlv parform their sppointed func- tions, but when one part fails th~ other tries to take over its work. anc thuz restores the balance necessary tc heaith. Unlike machinery, they im- prove with use and deteriorate when no'_us>d. The cases which have been chosen may seem to strike an unduly optimis- ic note as far as treatment is con- cerned. but it is true that there arc certain people who can bs helped to their potential heritage in life by ¢ proper understanding of their gland- ular inadequacies. There are other persons who have no chance of bein: helped and who often dic in infancy Between these who die in intancy thess who automatically emer; reach normal levels are a larg who remain constantly between thes: limits. In them. if this auromacity of comoensation or treatment based upon its lack is not forthcoming we get an individual who must always be cared for medically, psychically and psycho- logically. He bscomes a liability to the community. Depending upon which components of development are normal and which are defici we find indi- viduals of curious mixtures. Thus we may find adequate intelli- zence. but deficient mortality; normal structure but bad behavior. And so wita varying combinations we find classes from which a large group with erim nal tendencies is evolved. Some ‘hese, if taken early in life, can be helped. Others it is impossible to help. The research problem to be under- taken by the Neurological Institute at the medical center inciudes investiga- tion by competent groups of examiners of criminal; already in penal institn- | tions and of pro-criminals that are stiil at large. To carry on the latter study an examination will have to be made in the various clinics, hospitals and dis- pensaries, as well as among privale patient _The most important part of the pro- pos=d program, which will be com- menced as soon as the drive for funds has bean completed, will be a broai cducational movement based on the sta- tistics and data obtained from the two aforementioned groups. This movement ought to take in the schools. educational sociations and all other groups inter- ested, providing them with the dara and their interpretation so that in a chort time a knowledge of what con- stitutss the pro-criminal class shall be Mr. Goodrich has A notsbls record'at about 146.000.000, of whom about broadeast throughout the country, of achievement, including planning and » 126,000,000 are attached to the soil. (Copyrizht, 1928.)