Evening Star Newspaper, September 22, 1928, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. CSATURDAY. .September 22, 1028 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company usiness Office. t. and Pennsylvania Ate. : Tower Building. Office: 14 Regent St.. London, England. Chicay European Rate by Carrier Within the City. The Evenine Star_............45cper month The Evening and Sunday Star vhen Sundays) . & .60c per month he Evening r Thvhen's 65¢ per month ar Sc_per copy made at'ths end of sach month. ©-=ere muy be sent in by mail or telephone Main 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. .1 yr, $10.00; } L A 00: All Ot nd Sunday m m m her States and Canada. 1 yr..x}?am‘. 1 mo. s1.0 T ;1 mo. 136 1300: 1 mon 80c Member of the Associated Press. ‘Tae Assoclatea rress is exclusively entitled to the use tor republication of all news cis- s credited to it or not otherwise cred- is paper and also the local news .erein. Al rights of publication ?ly e Special dispatches herein are aiso reserved. Several Degrees of Fever. Political campaigns pass through vari- ous stages which are fairly clearly de- fined. There are first the nominations, the climax of a long period of prepara- tion. Then come the notifications and acceptances, with organization work both preceding and following. Next come the “opening guns” of speech- making by the candidates, with lesser calibered artillery in action. Quickly | follows the period of chargz and counter-charge, accusation and correc- tion, denial and rebuttal. In short the 'mud slinging.”" This present cam- paign was to have been mudless. There was what passed for an agreement be- tween the national committees manag- ing the two major parties that there should be no bemiring tactics. But alas! the old habit of decades has proved too strong for the maintenance of such a truce, and now the campaign enters into its customary aspect of high-tempered abuse, denunciation and datraction. It was hardly to be expected that the contest could be waged upon the high plane of intellectual politics that both sides with presumptive sincerity sought to attain. The declared issues were not in themselves such as to lead to the evocation of high emotion. But under- lying those issues were questions upon which feelings were certain to run to. intensity, and those feelings were cer- t2in to come into open manifestation soon or later. They have now burst forth, perhaps a little earlier than usual In such a competition, and the “short and ugly word” is now flying about like a tennis ball. At this present rate the campaign of 1928 will produce more recruits for the Ananias Club Yhat was founded by necessary for extension of this system is an involved question, But discipline is essential in the Po- lice Department. The policeman is in- vested with an authority which cannot be allowed to run wild. He is dealing with citizens of a free country, who should not be obliged to submit to the petty tyranny of an {ll-mannered pub- lic servant. The discipline of the po- liceman can either be self-imposed or imposed by some higher authority—and recent revelations indicate that self- discipline is at a low ebb among a cer- tain element of the force. 8o long as it is not in the hands of a martinet, “company punishment” may be a wise step in the solution of the problem of police discipline. Inspector Pratt’s plan has much to recommend it. The policeman, of course, should not be placed in a position where he is obliged to submit to an irritating con- tinuum of petty tyrannies. He him- self is, presumably, a responsible citi- zen. This should be taken for granted unless he proves himself otherwise. It would be unfortunate if he were reduced to the condition of a militarized mech- anism witheut freedom of judgment and action. Yet the present situation in the Police Department obviousiy calls for a tight- ening of discipline until the objectiona- ble element which has crept into the force either can be reformed or elim- inated. ————— Straws in the North. Massachusetts has had its primary, nominated its candidates for governor, Senator and other officers; State and national. Both parties in the Bay State are squared away for a hard fight right up to the eve of election, Much pre- liminary campaigning has already been done. Heavy registration figures are seen by both Republicans and Demo- crats as aids. As usual, there will be hundreds of thousands of votes cast in the general election which did not figure at all in the primary election. For one reason or another voters do not take the keen in- terest in the primary elections they take in the general elections, particular- ly in a presidential year. Nevertheles: the volume of the votes cast in the re- spective party primaries may be con- sidered as somewhat indicative of the political trend in the State. ‘The Democrats can take little pleas- ure or encouragement from the show- ing made in point of numbers in the primary vote last Tuesday. The Repub- licans, on the other hand, may easily take too much credit for their showing in the primary. Both parties had con- tests for the gubernatorial nomination. In the Republican gubernatorial race 437,000 votes were cast for the two; candidates, Lieut. Gov. Frank G. Allen and Frank A. Goodwin. The Democra's had two candidates for nomination for governor, Gen. Charles H. Cole and John J. Cummings. The total vote cast for these candidates was 205,000. In| other words, the Republicans cast more than twice as many votes as the Demo- h2 lase %ueodore Roosevelt than it has refegvea for many years. Almost ~very Bovg nnds a new nomination for the raok and file of this organization. And every nominee for this dublous distinction, availing himself of inalien- able privilege, is declining the honor and is offering a substitute, who in turn declines. If this “vicious circle” of charge and defense should continue unchecked the paradoxical phenome- non will, be presented of a liars’ club without members by virtue of their own declinations or else a club so full that accommodations will be strained to Bursting. | It all depends upon who is to decide 2s to who has tampered with the truth. The supreme judgment will be rendered in November, but there is no assurance that this verdict will definitely settle the identity of the truth tellers and the retaflers of untruths. It is to be | hoped that before November 6 there will be a period of calm during which the people can seriously consider the real questions at issue in this campaign, the economic propositions that are at stake, the matters that affect the ma- terial and moral welfare of the coun- try. 'This hectic condition may pass in season. Just now it is somewhat disturbing to those who sincerely be- lieve that there are at stake important matters that are quite distinct from the ‘straneous disputations that are now illing the air—literally, indeed, by vir- Ue of the radio—and which are by no means to the point of which party has | offered a candidate who is best fitted | to serve as President of the United States. e Impromptu insertions become so im- portant that it may be found desirable to give them most prominent publicity, even at the sacrifice of the prepared speech. K. P. for Policemen. “Three days on K. P.” ‘The words arouse unpleasant memo- | ries, although ten obliterating years | have passed since they conveyed any tarezt to most of us. The soldier guilty of some minor in- fraction of discipline was offered his choice between company punishment inflicted by the commanding officer and a summary court-martial. If he chese the former, and generally he did, he was sentenced to a period, varying in length with the seriousne.. 2 “is offense, of menial service in the kitchen peeling potatoes and polishing pots and pans. Now Inspector Henry G. Pratt pro- poses that a semewhat similar system be employed in the local Police Depart- ment to deal with the minor offenses which at the present either must be overlooked altogether or take up the time of the trial board. Police captains, it appears, have no power to punish their men and the serious business of the trial board is delayed by the neces- crats in their primary contests for the nomination for governor. It is true that interest in the Republican primary was enhanced by a three-cornered race for the senatorial nomination, while Sena- tor Dayid I. Walsh, Democrat, was un- opposed for renomination on the other side. It is further true that the total vote cast in the last presidential elec-! tion in Massachusetts was in round numbers 1,125,000, as compared to the total primary vote on Tuesday of 512.-: 000 for the gubernatorial nominations, showing that much of the voting strength failed to materialize. When Senator Walsh ran against former Sena- tor William M. Butler two years ago Walsh won with a vote of 525,000 to 470,000 for the Republican. But the feature of the primery vote that is encouraging to the Republicans lies in the fact that the total primary vote was very large compared to other primary elections in the State, and the further fact that the Republicans were sufficiently interested to go to the polis in almost ‘unprecedented numbers in a primary election, while the Democra's, although they made a considerabie showing, failed absolutely to compete in numbers with the G. O. P. In Massachusetts, as in other New England States, particularly Rhode Is- land and Connecticut, the Republicans are relying on a great reserve strength in the rural districts and towns to offsat any gains which the Democrats, under the leadership of Gov. Smith, may make in the big industrial centers. The vote in the primary in Massachusetts, taken vote rolled up in the Maine State elec- tion on September 10, gives the impres- sion that the Republicans of New Eng- land are fairly aroused to the need of voting this year if they are to defeat the Democratic national ticket and are ready. ’ The vote cast in Boston, a Democratic stronghold, in the recent primary shows that the Democrats cast in that ocity more than twice as many votes for their candidates for the gubernatorial nom- ination than were cast by the Repub- licans in a similar contest, The vote in | Boston for the Democratic candidates for governor totaled more than 90,000, while the vote in the city for the Re- publican candidates was a little more than 44,000. These figures for Boston, taken in conjunction with the figures for the entire State, give the primary election still more color as a real indica- ion of things political in Massachu- setts. Had the Republican vote run any- where near equal to the Democratic vote in Boston the totals might much more easily be disregarded as a straw show- ing the way the wind is blowing. g —— November 6 is not far off. Then follows that strictly non-partisan holi- day, “Thanksgiving.” sity of considering the accumulating mass of cases which involve no moral turpitude. ‘The police force is a semi-military organization. It retains many of the military formalities, but they are di- vested of their real significance. The police captain hardly is invested with the semi-magisterial powers which, through centuries of precedents, have come to the Army officer. There can be no question that, to a limited ex- tent, the police official can impose pun- isiament in the nature of disagreeable duty with the tacit understanding that the case will be brought before the trial board if the patrolman protests end stands upon his absolute rights. ) Whether legislative action wmdr be Red Cross Magazine Suppressed. It is most unfortunate that partisan politics should sway the judgment of American children to the extent of making them forget their lessons and their duties as junior citizens, It is de- plorable that the possibility that they might get to wrangling over the relative merits of the two candidates now con- tending for the presidency should cause the suppression of an edition of a maga- zine which circulates among the school children of the United States in the in- terest of the Red Cross, a strictly non- partisan organization. Yet this has oc- curred in New York, and it may go | further than that city. The cause of the suppression of this issue is that on in connection with the big Republican | the back cover is printed a paragraph bef THE EVENING signed by Herbert Hoover. In itself this paragraph is wholly innoéent of any political significance. It reads: This country gave me, as it gives every boy and girl, a chance. It gave me schooling, independence of action, opportunity for scrvice and honor. In no other land could a boy from a coun- try village, without inheritance or in- fluential friends, look forward with un- bounded hope. My whole life has taught me what America means. I am indebt- ed to my country beyond any human power to repay. In itself this statement is wholly ad- mirable. If signed by any other name it could not conceivably cause discussion. Perhaps if it were taken from any other document than a message by Mr. Hoover to the Republican national convention by which he was nominated it would not be subjected to question. The fact that it was so expressed does not appear in the quotation on the back page of the Junior Red Cross News. Yet the circulation of the magazine among the New York school children is suppressed. This action, though inspired by a commendable motive, is likely to be criticised. It was perhaps a mistake of judgment on the part of the directors of the publication to sclect an ex from Mr. Hoover as an addenduu: the periadical. But there is reason doubt whether its appearance would evoke any troubles among the school | children of New York unless they have become so partisan-minded in the course | of this unusual and intensely fuught campalgn that the mere mention of the name of a candidate “starts an argu- ment” among them. It is well that the school children of the United States should take an in- terest in politi Though their judg- ment is immature, it is a gratifying sign | of their concern for public welfare i | they “take sides,” whether from the in- | spiration of their parents or wholly on their own initiative. Had the magazine in question borne in addition a similar epitome of faith and pride in America from Gov. Smith no question could have been raised on the score of propriety or | prudence. As it is, the suppression of the magazine in New York City leaves an unpleasant implication. o No committee chairman can hope to be content with the programs offered by a committee of opposite partisanship. There is a tendency toward agreement in trade, but competition remains the life of politics. e e A theory that delight in causing suffering is due to varying degrees ol “sadism” should be brought to the at- tention of some of the amateur orches- tras who go “on the air.” ———— At least it must be admitted that the police cannot be adversely criticized for lack of vigilance in cases where a car is inadvertently allowed to park over- time. e T ‘The newspaper is, after all, the chief reliance of the statesman, enabling auditors to check up, without inter- ference by static, on precisely what was sald, e o TN It is claimed that many an Oklahoma cowboy who went prepared to throw a lasso contented himself with tossing a bougquet. ——— For a while ocean breezes will not be mentioned among the charms of the Southeastern coast line. STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, BY CHARLES Trying to find a place to park is a lot of fun nowadays in Washington, D. C. e other evening was a nice evening, and there was a movie that Mrs. Geaishift wanted to sec. “Let’s go,” said she. Tt was about 7:30 o'clock, plenty of time to get down and get a geat, The theaters are crowded these eve- nings. One has to go early if he wants to sit downstairs. Where to sit at a movie is quite 2 point with many. One person will like to be up close. another far back, still a third in: on sitting on the right, so that he can look toward the left at the screen. Children prefer to be up close, the closer the better. The first row suits them best, the second row second best, and so on' to the rear, To get a choice of seats even the ardent’ “fan” must go carly for any particular show. Washington is a big city now. The old leisurely days van- ished with the World War. In those days there was no sueh constant flow of people along the streets, especi during the two hours preceding us2l tme for urthodox theatrical en- tertainments, Even today, Fovever. 1i is possibie to get a seat in the svsrage movie hous if one will take the tiaible to get di before 8 o'clock. Or maybe by 7:30 o'clock! Mr. and Mrs. Henry Gearshift tried it th It * ¥ “Let’s go early, will be sure of a shift. Henry had an odd job to do on the mowing machine, as he insisted on call- ing the lawn mower, “Be with you in a minute.” The minufes went by, still more min- utes went by, and the old order was re- versed—instead of the man hurrying up the woman, it was the woman cailing upon the ‘man to hurry. “We won't get a seat, Henry rs. Gearshiff. “You know last time." Oh, there will be plenty of seats!” he last fime you remember how we had: to go upstairs, and you paid for tickets downstairs, and you' said it was an_imposition to ‘sell seats downstairs when there were no seats- s “Be with you in a second “And you said they had no business to charge for a seat downstairs and then force a man to go upstairs, when he might just as well have bought the upstairs tickets and have saved money.” Gearshift finally consented to let the grass cutter alone. “Well, let's go." * ok ok % and then we ald Mrs, Gear- said how it The ride downtown was pleasant enough. They went \\'I‘uer‘Z :Il:n‘z through streets over which trees arched their branches Traffic was heavy, but not as bad as it might have been. “Do you suppose we can find a place to park?” asked Mrs. Gearshift, anx- iously. “Sure, right there by the Treasury, where we did last time. It's not far to walk from there.” Down Pennsylvania avenue thoy slid. The city is different at night than during the day: it is not so much a matter of appearance (although that, too, is vastly different) as it is of feel- ng. Man is not a nocturnal animal. Even the centuries have not made him able to feel that he is in the class with the tigers and the lions, who roam at night for their food Mankind was made to 20 to bed with the chickens. That is why even the most civilized being, if he be frank with himself. has a half- sneaking feeling that he is putting something over when he stays up o nights. - “There is our place,” Mrs. Gearshift pointed. One might have thought Henry Gearshift, esq.. had purchased o plot of asphalt at the north end of the Treasury Department, so calmly did his wife speak about it. Somebody else had like ideas, evi- THIS AND THAT E. TRACEWELL. the | dentiy. for the “place” was gone; en- tirely oblfterated by a large car parked according to Harland. Mys. Gearshift frowned. “Somebody’s got our place!” ¥ %ok ok Her husband laughed. “We'll find some piace soon.” Down F sireet they went several blocks, craning their necks to find enough space to wedge in one small car of an ancient date. Small spaces were, indeed, at a pra- | mium. There's a place!” shouted Mrs. Gear- hift. Henry steered hopefully. “Fire plug.” he announced, going | right by. “Thought you said it was a | place.” | “Well, it looked lik a place to me.” | “Well, keep your eyes open—what's that up there?” “Where?" | “No. it isn't, cither.” “Yes, it is! " There! What did T tell | you?” * ¥ The man at the wheel had a bright ‘MdW("IL £0 up Thirteenth street,” he “Better try Twelfth.” “Well, have i your way." The car poked along, looking to right and left. “There! There!" “Where?" “Over there— Gearshift executed urn in defi | a brilliant left- of all the traffic cver written, It brought him up to the space just in time to witness a defter individual | gently slide a car inio it There was nothing to s: really, so didn't sey it. but M Gearsaift few remarks to make about gs,"” anyway. * ok % The weary search continued. It was now R:30 o'clock “All the seats are gone by this time,” sald Mrs, Gearshift, dism: betier keep on looking for a ce.” “I am looking. If you had been a little faster that last time, we would have got in.” “You mean if you had been a little faster sceing it.” “I can't see every place at once. I don't sce you finding so many places.” Just then a car began to move out Irn?h:‘l'm curb. Henry put on the brakes, and waited. It was 10 blocks from the theater | they wanted to go to, but the place | looked like a heaven of refuge, as he| parked at last. 2 | * x4 % “Two downstairs” said the pilgrim father, as they moved up to the glass cage, amid the brilliant lights. The ticket popped out, end the Gear- shifts popped in, past the gentleman in gold braid, into the half-dark theater. “Noi a seat,” groaned Gearshift. “There are two over there,” said an :;:h'r\r, indicating a neat pair behind a guess we had better go ubstairs and be done with it,” breathed Henry, as they began to climb the padded steps, He started his favorite oration “I can't see why they can't toll a fellow if there are no decent seats left. That extra 30 cents is just as gond to me as it is to them. I think there ought to bo a Jaw— “How about those two in_the last row over there?” Mrs. Gearsaift did not stop to argue, but simply walked over and_ sat down. “Do you suppos when we come out? “I don't think so—the stars are shin- ing.” replied she. “We have got in In the middle of it as usual. I would like to sce a show once from the beginning.” “Well, so would I w Henry Gearshift, gently. it will be raining ispered Mrs. st Crowds flock to see Lindbergh fly. His favorite pronoun “We" still includes a large section of the public. —or—s. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Words and Music. The brass bands come from near and far; ‘The ukulele, too, Is ready, with the soft guitar, Musician work to do. And then a speaker lifts his shout To halt the dizzy dance, And says, “Let's cut thc Music out And give the Words a chance!” We've had the “ballads” “blues.” Their strains we scarcely note, When we are looking for the news Relating to the vote. So, on the orchestra so stout, Just now, we look askance, And say, “Please cut the Music out And give the Words a chance!” and the Placating the Multitude. “Your speech was so long that you used up the radio time allotted to a number of jazz bands,” said the man- ager. “I mustn't let it happen again,” re- Jjoined Senator Sorghum. ““We mustn't take a chance on alienating the musi- cian vote.” Power of Imagination, By Fiction we are much controlled; And, as its charms expand, The Truth when told, though it be bold, Is hard to understand. Jud Tunkins says oratory is easier than it used to be. There is no use of trying to heckle a radio loud speaker. In Doubt. “The teacher told me not to come back to school if I failed to know my lesson,” said the small boy. “I hope you regard that as a pun- ishment.” “I'm not sure whether it is a punish- ment or an inducement.” “Our hopes,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “are the children of fancy and often prove disobedient.” Since the Airplane. Locomotive down the road Sounds his old refrain. Patiently he draws the load Of the passing train. He was once 50 young and gay. Now his reign must end, As we merely pause to say, “Good Old-fashioned Friend!” “You can't allus judge a man by de company he keeps,” said Uncle Eben, “Men and dogs are consid'able alike. An’ many a good dog sticks to a bad master.” o Both Have It. Prom the Loutsville Courler-Journal. The farm belt Is attached to both campaign. P You'd Expect It. From the Savannah Morning News. Naturally you'd expect some log-rolling ore the speakers take to the s political machines at this stage of the | Americans Se_e In Rhineland Developments “Ten years after,” war hates have sub- sided sufficiently, American opinion holds, to settle at least some of the Rhineland issues. Both Germany and France have so acted as to raise hopes of ending the poilus’ irking watch on the Rhine even before the date sct in the Versailles pact. Whil2 the New York World believes that “it is too early to lay much store by the various proposals and counter- Empmmls which are being brought by rance and Germany,” it feels sure th: “nevertheless, through all the discu sions a note of realism is now clen discernible,” and adds that “after cer- tain preliminary demonstrations, ap- parently intended o assure the people back home that their interests are in <afe nands, both Briand and Mueller have stepped down from the political stage and begun to talk business.” “Those who thought that Foreign Minister Briand’s recent speech had vir- tually closed the way, for the time. to further pregress toward Franco-Ger- man conciliation,” in the judgment of the Columbus Evening Dispatch, “must rgotten Briand's record as the » friend of conciliation among the influential statesmen of France. The echoes of his speech had not died away when news came of a decided step fo ward.” Referring to action by six pow ers in favor of a commission of exp on reparations and the subject of evac- uation, that paper declares, “It is th quite evident that there is no deadloclk, and that Minister Briand has not fa en away from his fundamental position in favor of conciliation.” * ok ok % “The United States has so far de- clined to aid Europe in reducing the {hreefold problem of reparations, occu- pation and war debts to simpler terms. It gave its formal blessings to the Dawes-Young plan and stopped with that,” says the Asheville Times. “The prospect is. therefore, that in this great task cf European readjustment, the ieader. If Europe's parleys on repar: tions and Rhireland reach a definite point, this Nation will inevitably be drawn into the discussion in some fashion.” The conclusion that “were Chancellor Mueller of Germany and Foreign Min- ister Briand of France not compelled to combat domestic opponents of their policies, they probably would agree quickly on the terms of Rhineland evac- uation,” is drawn by the San Antonio Express, with the thought that “Ger- many i3 wisely concentrating on Rhine- ‘and evacuation, which it may obtain if it satisiies France that reparations pay= ments will continue as agreed in 1 and that it will not again resort to arms sa self-defense.” * ‘Germany has fulfilled all obligations under the treaty, and shows every position of continuing to do so, the St. Louls Post-Dispatch many’s behavior, moreover, has such as to qualify it for admission to the League of Nations. In that coun- cil, Germany and France, 10 years ago at war with each other, now sit on equal and friendly terms.” That paper, however, agreeing with a ce in section of British opinion, ad ’hancellor Mueller's request for evac- uation is a great opportunity for France to match profession with perfomance, but she seems likely to cling to the revenge policy of Poincare to the bitter end.” Noting the aloofness of this country, the Baltimore Sun states: “That means that the European nations must, when they come to grips with this matter, work out their own tentative basis; next they must privately inquire of our Government whether their basis would sexve as ground for later negatiations United States will he a follower, not a‘ been | Real Action between Europe and the United States; and, finally, they must sit down again among themselves to adjust their own basis to our position. It will be-a long job. But, there is no reason why, in the meantime, Germany should not be told what her total debt is. That fs not only essential to the plans for com- mercialization; it is essential to justice. And it is so recognized by responsible students of the subject, notably by Mr. S. Parker Gilbert, the American who fs the agent general for reparations.” “Certainly there is nothing at the present time to suggest that the troops in the Rhineland will be used during the next six years to enforce the Ver- sailles treaty,” thinks the Providence Journal, with the suggestion, however, that “there is information in Germany which France would like to have through the medium of an inspection | sion of the type M. Briand prob- | in mind. | ing the committee of Locarno | as a substitute for military occupation and as one which would be | “charged with adjusting any matter unsatisfactory to the powers in the ! military condition of the released ter- ritory,” the Brooklyn Daily Eagle com- menis: “The Briand 1.roposal sug- gests that France may, in part at least, | walve the advantage of holding security | for the ennual reparations payments. | Those payments have now cntered upon the first year of their standard {level. They have proceeded without a hitch, and the release of some of the occupied territory in advance of the appointed time should have a favor- able effect on German opinion.” “The nations concerned in the ful- fillment of the Versailles treaty.” it is pointed out by the Salt Lake Deseret News, “have one afier another satis- fied themselves that Germany is act- ing in good faith, and will continue to doso. * * ° Briand, in reply to Muel- | ler’s request, says that nothing can be | done without agreement among the al- lies. If this is the case, Britain, Italy |and America should hasten to inform | Fiance that, inasmuch as Germany is | making every reasonable effort to ful- flll her obligations in the interests of peace and friendliness, the French army of occupation should be with- drawn without delay. “Some permanent settlement, defi- nitely fixing the total sum due from Germany arranged as soon as possible,” advocated by the Kalamazoo Gazette, | while the Boston Transcript says of {the Germans that “they undoubtedly | meet a reasonable expectation in what |they pay and what they have to pay, but the club of the occupation held over i their heads constantly cannot fail to | embitter their disposition.” ———— i Speculator’s Price. From the Tulsa Daily World. A seat on the New York Stock Ex- change has just been sold for $410,000, a new high price. Well, that's better than standing up. e Few Lost At That. From the Yakima Daily Republic. It looks now as if people who go out- doors must soon begin to count that {day lost when they are not killed by some one in an automobile. | B Ground Listening Pay From the Omaha World-Herald SATURDAY. SEPTEMBER |of great value is to be fo (Study of the Modern Drama, | Spain, England, Ireland and Amer | the book. Under such division a brief 29 192 THE LIBRARY TABLE By the Booklover From the height of Ibsen’s work to the present time has been a period of dramatic activity and change. England and America, the Scandinavian na- tions, Russia, Germany, France, Italy and Spain have all produced dramatists of note. Various currents of thought and method are easily traceable in the | dramas of the period, some dependent on nationality, some apparently uni- versal. For the student of modern dra- ma who is not content merely to see or read plays, but is interested in questions of motivation, character, type, art methods and staging. a handbook | d in “A " by Bar- rett H. Clark. Mr. Clark has previous- ly written “The Continental Drama of Today” and “The British and American Drama of Today.” His method is schol- arly and the reading lists under au- | ., general lists at. the end of the | ard lists of plays by authors, to- | gether furnish a very complete modern drama bibliography. In preparing “A Study of the Modern Drama” M Clark received help from many drama- tists of distinction, among them Max- im Gorky, Sir Arthur Pinero, Henry Arthur Jones, John Masefield, Somerse Maugham, Sir James Barrie, Lord Dun- sany, St. John Ervine and Augustus Thomas; and from such critics Samuel A, Eliot, jr.. Montrose J. Mos Thomas H. Dickinson, Edwin Bjork- man and Willlam Lyon Phelps. * Kk ok X% The drama of Norway, Denmark, Swe- den, Russia, Germany, Austria, Hun- gary, France, Belgium, Holland, Ital; ind Yiddish drama form the divisions of general introduction is followed by biog- raphies of several of the leading drama- tists and lists of their chief plays, with criteism. Danish, Sweedish, Hungarian, Belgian and Duich drama are repre- sented by but one name each—Hjalmar, Bergstrom, August Strindberg, Ferenc (or "Franz) Molnar, Maurice Maeter~ linck and Herman Heijermans, Span- ish drama has three names—dJose Eche- garay, Benito Perez-Galdos, Jacinto Beravente—as has also Austrian drama —Hermann Bahr, Arthur Schnitzler and Hugo von Hofmannsthal. American dramatists selected begin with Bronson Howard, Augustus Thomas and Clyde Fitch and end with Eugene O'Neill, Mr. Clark’s comments on individual dramatists are often epigrammatic. Of Gorky's plays he writes: “They are the Dbyproducts of a genius who must try all forms in order fo find what best suits him.” ~ Sudermann since 1900 “has steadily sunk in the estimation of his own_countrmen, chicfly because the drama has .leveloped beyond the point | to which he helped to bring it.” Synge, “ihe greate:t of the dramatists who wrote for th: Irish theater,” wandered | about the Aan Islands, Kerry, Wick-| low and Connemara, and “out of a rich fund of folklore, spcech and character h created his plays.” D'Annuzio is “the perfect type of csthete; his is the iefon of boauty.” Echegaray, “who | considered to belon to the age that | had just. closed (with the Spanish- | American war). was Spamish to the core. Benavente, though he remained firmly rooted in the best traditions of his country, belongs to the world." cux and Hervieu “are among the st_exponents of the thesis play in| France.” Bronson Howard “was among the first to realize {hat in the America of his day there was material for an indigenous drama,” but Eugene O'Neill “is the first American dramatist to be seriously considered by the world at large.” | | | Lewis Carroll's handwritten copy of “Alice in Wonderland,” which he seni as a birthday prasent to “Alice,” is now to be housed in a huge steel vault, fire- preof and burglar proof. but furnished to look like an ordinary library, built ! by Dr. A. S. W. Rosenbach for his spe- cial treasures in his New York home. This sefe will also contain the diaries of Dr. Jobn Ward in 16 small volus one of which contains the statement that Shakespeare, his contemporary, died of drinking. It is estimated that Dr. Rosenbach has spent over $25,000,000 for rare books in .tho past decade. “Becoks and Bidders,” his reminiscence: contains many thrilling accounts of his pursuit and capture of literary treasures. ol In “The Rise of American Commerce and Indusiry,” Dr. 8. E. Forman of | this city has skillfully interwoven a! study of the evolution of our socialf structure and economic history with the | story of our commorcial and industrial development. The book opens with an introductory explanation of the scone and aim of economic history and the | relation of government to_ economic affairs, giving enough English back- ground to make clear the influence of | the mother conntry upon Colonial his- | tor With this as a foundation, the text proceeds to discuss the Colonial | economy (1607-1783), the foundations of the carly national economy (1783- 1825). the mechanical revolution nnd‘ economic expansion (1825-1865). the corporation and the triumph of manu- facturers (1865-1900) and big business and trade expansion (1900-1925). A! striking feature of the book is the prominence given to labor in the in-| dustrial developrient of the country The viewpoint of the author is shown by the following extract from the| preface: “At the beginning we see a civilization in which the classes counted | for everything and the masses for noth- ing. But as time wore on, the masses becoming more and more conscious of their worth, persisted in rating them-| selves at a value that was always rising | They were taken at their own appraise- | ment, with the result that by the mid- dle of the nineteenth century class dis- | tric railroad?. Take advantage of this free service. 1t you are one of the thousands who have patronized the burcau, write us again. If you have never used the service, begin now. It is maintainec¢ for your benefit Be sure to send your name and address with your question, and inclose 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Address The Eve- ning Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washington, D. C. Q. Is Hoover or Curtis a Mason?— C. McG. A. Neither Herbert Charles Curtis is a Mason. Hoover nor Q. Ts Bermuda going to have an elec- L3S A. The Railway Gazette says that a prospectus has recently been issued in conneetion with Bermuda Traction, Limited, which company las been formed to build and operate a railway in the main island of the rmuc which is about 24 miles long. Motor transport is legally prohibited in the Bermudas, and the raflway will thu provide the only means of mechanical transport for a resident population of 32,000 and large numbers of tourists, The railway will extend the full length of the island. and will connect the three principal_towns of Hamilton, Somerset and St. Georges. Sir John Wolfe Ba & Partners are the consulting engi- neers. Q. Was Marcus Loew decorated the French government?—A A. In recognition of his sympat the French theater, France awarded him the medal of the Legion of Honor Q. What tion?—-L. O. A. The Rev. James H. Darlington Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Har- risburg, Pa., has presented to the Ame ican Rose Society a sum to form th> Darlington Foundation. he incoms from this is to be used to promote knowledge of roses and interest in rose- growing among the boys and girls of central Pennsylvania Q What is the value of our air- plane exports?—S. S. A. Gross value of all airplane exports from the United States during 1927 was $1,460.977, the largest market bging Canada. followed by Peru, Chile. Rus- sia, Belgium, Japan and Germany. (hy for is_the Darlington Founda- . N 7aile the heart of all America throbs in sympathy with the hurricane suf- ferers of Porto Rico—as well as with those of continental United States and all the islands—it is surprising to dis- cover .that even in the midst of the crisis the spirit of strife prevails zmong some of the Portg Rican poli- ticians, This spirit does mot prevail among the masses, but it crops out in political agitation. Even while hun- dreds of thousands of vietims of the wind are hungering until organized re- | lief comes, the city council of San Juan chjects to receiving means of relief if it must come through its own mayor, who has been impeached, but not tried, under charges of misapplying funds to unauthorized uses. EIE B B he entire value of all property in I’n‘ll‘-t‘u Rico was estimated by the last census at $345.000.000. Estimates of the damage by the hurricane vary from $50,000.000 to $100.000,00—an appalling pereentage of the whole. And 154,000 homeless victims are dependent abso- lutely upon relief for their food, as we‘ll as shelter, and are facing fearful epi- demics, not of one, but of several d?s; case perils. Thousands of c‘h'_‘!’s will require partial relief and full protection against dswsse* st is 434 years since Christopher Co- \ul’lr:bus. u\:myn his sccond voyage, dis- covered Porto Rico—then called by na- tives “Boriquen”—and landed upon its shore—the only time he evet set foot upon any part of the New World. He took possession of the island in the name of Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain, and it remained under Spanish e until 189 ;s‘*:ils was done for the benefit and de- velopment of Porto Rico than has been accomplished in the 30 years of Amer- ican connection. ; Columbus brought with him the vi- stonary Ponce de Leon, the seeker for gold, and especially known as the dreamer of a “Fountain of Perpetual | Youth.” to be discovered somewhere in the New World. It was Ponce de Leon who, 15 years later, returned to the island from Santo Domingo, discovered the good harbor which he named San Juan in honor of Prince John, heir ap- parent, and was so impressed with the natural advantage island the Rich Port—Porto Rico. He became governor. by the sovereigns' ap- pointment, and perhaps that accounts for the svcculative -eamincss of the centuries. ' Yet the last 30 years have proved that fhere exist latent possibilities upon the fsland, which, under wise and powerful guidance, will develop a people and a wealth such as Ponce de Leon never dicamed of. The United States has controlled the destinies of the island far too short a time to remake a race ven_to develop its physical condi- But the people are restless and impatient to achicve results which hava taken other races centuries to accom- lish. P'When Ponce de Leon faited in _his tinctions had so faded away that the common man was coming to regard| himself s living in a society of his! peers. The situation in 1854 was hit| off by Abraham Lincoln: “There is no | permanent class of hired laborers amongst us. Twenty-five vears ago s a hired laborer. The hired laborer | terday labors on his own acconnt But not yet had the masses a tained their highest level. In the vea that followed they not only held their own but gained mnew ground, and at the opening of the twentieth century there was no place in the world inf which it was better with the common| man than it was in the United States. * ok ok % In his dramatic: history of the Rus- sian Revolution, “The "Fall of the Russian Empire,” Dr. Edmund A. Walsh attention to an underlying cause of many important historical events which is too often overlooked—"the ~ssential humanity of kings and queen says: “Had Anne Boléyn been less comely, Henry VIII might never have repudiated Katherine of Aragon; there | might have been no Spanish Armada no schism, nor religious wars in Eng- land. A diamond woman's vanity can never ciated frem the inner history h Revolution and the he s that fell into its Neither can a withered arm be con- sidered irrelovant by investigators of the role played by the German Kaiser in modern times. Had her son not | been a chronic haemophilic, had she not been an abnormal hypochondr the Empress Alexandra might not have been the innocent tool for Rasputin’s machinations.” * ne A delightful book on the Pyrences and thewr people, both French and Spanish, is “The Romance of the Basque Country and the Pyrenees,” by Eleanor Elsner. The Basques are a people wheae origin is not known with any certainty. Those now living in France and those in Spain strongly resemble each other, though there are minor differences in their customs. It is supposed by some ethnologists that the Basques were in their present loca- | Rieo {the Caribbean Sca and scarch for gold and the “Fountain of Perpetual Youth™ he dared not return, to be laughed at by his enemies, so he tarried in Cuba, and there died. the same year, 1521. Then came the news Peru and the whole population of Porio would have stampeded to that scene of conquest but for the firmaess of the governor, who threatened to hang every man found attempting to leave the island. The following four centuries were filled with romance and struggle. with Spanish wars against the French and and consequent fighting 5 on of the isiand. Later it be me headquarters for pirates intest th2 Gu'f of Maxico, so that to this day there are tales of sunken treasure Porto Rican coasts. Howev water thers is miles in depth the deer part of the Atlantic regsure hunting has not boen profitable. So troub'esome did the buccaneers the Caribbean x Gulf b come that in 1 Government them, and in that expedition the Porio Ri co-operated. * ok « The Porto Ricans owne did all American countries up to ti nincteenth century, but Porto Rico in 1820 forebade the further importation of negroes, although it did not succeed in inducing Spain to free the slaves al- ready on the island until 1873, It was more progressive in the mat- ter of prohibition than it was in sla for 1t enforced a prohibition law 1749 in some respects far more stringent than the Volstead law. According to an official history, “the pretext for this law, which was promulgated in Spain, | was that the use of aguardiente and other drinks made from sugar cane was | prejudicial to the health of the people | of Porto Rico, and the manufacture of | such beverages was forbidden, under | heavy penalties. Its real reason for existence was the fact that the wine | manufacturers of Spain had complained | This ments of so-called civilization. book conveys much of the charm of the | There will be lots of politics in the i air, but the fellow who wants to get the drift will have to keep his ear to ground. e & tion before the Aryans entered Europe. They are a reserved people, not over- friendly to tourists, loving their moun-‘and from wesk to east through the |alities, given out today, bri Pyvenases Marine Corps and resentful of the sucroach- y Basque country, from Bayonne down | to Biarritz, over the Spanish border, | BACKGROUNI BY PAUL V. COLLINS. In all that 400 years that he named the | patives following him down the four | of Pizarro's dazzling success in looting | for | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Q. Please give some data about Lake Como.—M. E. A. Lake Como is classified as the most beautiful and celebrated of the Italian lakes, situated in Lombardy. at the western foot of the Bergamese Alps, | 30 miles north of Milan. Tts elevation | is 650 feet, its area about 53, square miles, 1ts greatest length 43 miles. its greatest width not quite 3 miles and its greatest depth 1,365 feet. The south- ern part divides at Bellaggio into two arms—the eastern called Lake Lecco, the western retaining the name Lake | Como, and having the City of Como at | its extremity. Q. How many Carnegie libraries are | there?>—R. K. E. A. At the time of Andrew Carnegie's death in 1919 there were 2.505 library buildings. 1.679 in the United States, 660 in Great Britain and Ireland, 125 in Canada and 41 elsewhere. | “Is orang-utan” an English term? —8. F A. The term consists of two Malay “orang” meaning “man” and n.* “jungle.” It thus means “man of the jungle” or “jungle man.” Q. When were the books of the New Testament written?—C. M. McC. A. There are no actual data as to the precise dates at which the books of the | New Testament were written. It is be= | lieved _they were all written before 100 AD. Q. What was the form of the | Colonial stamp tax?—W. B. M. A. The stamp act of 1765 imposed & tax on 54 kinds of documents and pa= | pers used by the Thirteen Colonies. This tax may also have been levied on other articles such as china. The stal used in paying these taxes was printed in letters sometimes embossed directly on the paper, but more often em= bossed on coarse blue paper commonly known as “tobacco paper.” This blue pa- per stamp had narrow strips of tin foil showing a brief section on the face of the stamp. The end of the foil was passed through the parchment and the paper was flattened on the opposite side. A piece of paper with a rough device and number, with a crown and the initial of the King, was pasted over the foil to secure it. This tax was levied until the Revolutionary War. ) OF EVENTS | that tie Porto Ricans did not purchase enough of their products. and because the duties collected on wine imports at San Juan had fallen off in conse- quence.” So it was not upon high moral grounds that Porto Rico preceded the United States nearly two centuries in prohibi- tion, but it was the Spanish. version of the English “tea tax,” without a “Bos- ton tea party.” * | | | * % % From the time of the several revolts of Spanish colonies upon the Amerl- can continent, about 1810, Porto Rico became restive, and there were several uprisings, and also soveral conspira= cies to organize the slaves against the whites. The ambition for autonomy increased as the century drew near its close, and the Spanish government, fearing that its troubles in Cuba were to be enhanced by revolt in Porto Rico, issued a decree, on November 28, 1897, granting local government in internal affairs. In the April following (1898), Gen. Miies and an American Army, in war with Spain, took possession of Porto Rico. The change of sovereignty of course abolished the Spanish decree of local autonomy, but in its place there came the American establishment, which, vosident Coolidge pointed out la & letter to the Fresident of the Senate and Speaker of the House, gives to the local government greater autonomy than is enjoyed by any othor State |or Territory in the American Union. The Porto Ricans are citizens of the United States, but not voters for our | President. ok ok w While the governor is appointed by the United States President, the na- tive Porto Ricans elect the members of their Legislature and they make their own laws, according to the gen. eral principles of the American Cone stitution, with its Bill of Rights for the individual. The military govern= ment following our Spanish War was superseded in 1901 by a civil governe ment and the organic act was amends ed in 1917 increasing local independ= ence, similar to the status of the Phil- ippine Islands. *® K K ¥ The United States tariff laws protect | Porto Rico, yet all revenue _collected | in American ports on Porto Rican im= | poris is given to the Porto Rican | treas Porto Rico pays no taxes | into” the United States Treasury, but | even excise taxes and income, customs and United States internal revenue | taxes on Porto Rican goods, amounting | to a total of $9.514.466.93 (in 1927). g0 to Porto Rico to help meet her budget | of $11.191,893.11 So the local ta amount to Tess than $2,000,000, or about $1.60 per capita. The experts in the last ish rule amounted to $11. Now | the United States alone takes Porto Rican goods to the value of $97.832.523 | a year—takes it without tariff protec~ tion, although such imports from other | countrizs must pay high duties. Her | total exports now equal 10_times what | they ever reached under Spanish rule | and 95 per cent come to the United tates, Her roads have ben built, her anitation perfected and her schools widened. Toda loss— | ear of Span- .962. the island is facing a great nconceivably great. Her coffee ns and sugar cane are ruined. | ards are destroyed. Her | industries are wiped out. It will take a generation to recover the loss of a | fow hours. And the suffering people | must be made to feel that the Ameri- cans are true friends in need, friends | indeed, ready and anxious to stand by | them 'in their great trial. They are | our " fellow citizens—members of our | national family. (Conyrisht 8. by Paul V Collins.) UNITED STATES IN WORLD W Ten Years Ago Today American troops are victorious in two raids on the German lines northeast of St. Mihiel early today, taking prisoners and gaining worth-while information of German activities, * * Ger= many is rushing troops to Bulgarians in an effort to check the allied push gainst them. Italians join in the drive gainst the Bulgars, striking the en- emy's lines east The Turkish army operating in Pales- tine between the Jordan and the Medi- terranean has been virtually wiped out by the British under Gen. Allenby. In their rapid sweep forward 18,000 Turks I have been taken so far, together with 1120 guns, while the British losses are | surprisingly low. * * ¢ Haig's men ;strike the German lines at four points {in night attacks. North of the Scarpe River near Gavrelle they threw the Germans back on a two-mile front. * * * Some of the details can now be disclosed regarding the plans neces- sary for the battle on the St. Mihiel salient. One hundred thousand ma) and 30,000 photographs were distrib- uted, covering in minutest details the character of the terrain, including nat- ural defenses, telling how the different units were manned, etc. Five thousand miles of telephone wire, 6.000 phones and 10,000 persons were employed in operating the signal syStem. * * ¢ Three hundred and thirty-seven casu= ing the total o 36,335 for Army and