Evening Star Newspaper, September 2, 1928, Page 15

EPTEMBER 2. 1928—PART 2 THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGT! Holding_ the London Front “MIRACLE MAN” COMBATS PELLAGRA WITH YEAST POLAND’S RULERS WIPE OUT| NATION'S ECONOMIC CHAOS President “Ignatz the Ohedient”™ and Dr. Joseph Goldberger Fights Disease of “The Duke” Pils1 After Years of Poverty. BY JOHN GUNTHER. Correspondent for The Star and Chicazo Datly News in Poland Believe it or not. the nickname of the President of Poland is Ignatz Obedient His real name cki and he was gi hal Pilsudek carcfully ha tele- over the Poland Warsaw occa- ople know that I was in and only very hear mention of Prof This is bec e Mar- Pilsudski_completely obscures him practical importance and agination of the outside world. now Pilsudski is ill and it is Wi w that President Mo:- will exert more power. He was d” in June, 1926, and is to hold seven years. He was an st. & professor in the Uni- of Lwow and director of an nt factory producing ar the rshal job himse ski Ts “the Duke.” Obedient is typical of his nickname ost all t Poles are known affection their compatriots with som ctful or psrhaps mildly ironical nutive. The Poles take their politics For instance. Poland's was always known as el the Unknown": his name towicz and he was murdered afte ng office only a week. The second ciechowski, was called Gen. Rydzsmigly, som- tioned as a future successor called “the Mushroom Marshal Pilsudski himself has a nick- name. It is “the Duke.” Sometimes he iz known more familiarly simply a- "Dziadek,” which mea “Grandpa His wife, Mme. Pilsudski. also bears ud nickname, like that of her h a sort of code name. Moscicki and Pilsudski have done a good job in Poland. The individual parts played by each hardly matter nce Poland itself, so the Poles say has benefited so greatly by their co- operation. The story of the recovers of Poland can hardly be matched in contemporary annals. Almost any on2 who comes to Warsaw with an open mind will go away convinced of that Ten vears ago Poland was a ruin There is no other word. Except as a ruin—and a promise—Poland did not | exist. The country was devastated br five vears of war: pestilence and famine waded wholesale through the peasantry; 30.000 German troops, un- numbered Russians and at least two Polish armies on the point of civil war stared at each other. Finance was a chaos. The railroads | @id not run. There were no commu- | nications. Those who didn't succumb | to poverty did succumb to discase. In the ministry of finance there were ex- ectly six officials. The country had to be composed anew of three sactions each of which has been under a dif- ferent domination for almost 150 | years. Progress Is Evident. an Poland. Austrian Poland, Poland—the three parts some- naged to coaiesce. Slowly some crder came out of madness. out of the incredibly confused of domestic politics some sort strength became finally manifest. jon by Russia and Ukrains almost toppled | new structure. Ten years ago 1o state that Poland did not | ve a real frontier. | visitor to Warsaw today must | X a lttle when he remembers all | inet=en hundred 2nd twenty-seven 2 good year in Polend, and 1928 e bstter. The Poles can 7 achievement in al- ; sphere of domestic recon- | well operated railroads link One might summarize the major | problems of contempcrary Poland as | tollows: 1 First of all it is essential that this economic recovery continue. What is | primarily necessary is more capital Wall Street thinks that Poland is pretty sound. and capital is coming: | wdski Bring Order | lup the country, and there ane service. A rt on vh“i Baltic is giving Danzig_plenty of com- netition. Warsaw is slowly ‘rebuilding | itself. and hotel a is a good | tor may afortably as_in capital. The people are poor—there is no getting around that-—buvt they are not as poor | as_they were five vears ago. The budget is balanced. and it isn't | A paver balance either: and the zioty boon stabilized. Poland borrowed | 000,000, mostly from the United | States, last autumn. and an American financial adviser, Charles S. Dewey of | cago, is in charge in an advisory | apacity of the ministry of finance. | The gold reserve against the note cir- culation is over 50 per cent. At the | ond of 1927 the public debt of Poland was only $438.700,000, or approximately | $15 per capita. This is the lowest per | capita debt in Europe. The internal debt is less than $2 per capita Steady Trade Expansion. The tr st balance was unfavorable year, largely owing to important | purchases of American cotton: but this vear it is due to go up again. There s a steady and encouraging expansion n industrial production. Poland. one must_remembor, is one of the very fow countries in Europe which are so funcia- mentally rich that they have enough coke, timber and oil. in normal s. for export. Domestic consump- tion is going up. Poland is basically an agricultural country, and in agri- culture steady progress is being made. even now a group of American finan- | ciers are in Warsaw negotiating, it is said, an $80,000,000 additional loan. | Next, as far as economics is con- cerned, Poland is faced with the im- | BY C. PATRICK THOMPSON. ISCOUNT BYNG OF VIMY, the perative necessity of building up its in- | atatns cotimander of $his Cana dustry. This is because Poland has a dians in France and former population of 30,000,000 people—a big Viceroy of Canada. has tackled | country—and the population goes up a good many queer jobs, in his by_500,000 every year. | career, but none so queer as the com- The {:nler ;f;omt:‘;‘xrp;nblrm'&: to get | mand ‘of London's 20,000 police in a i Dt e O T e S e O is where Pllsudski's best work has | oo T o0 15 BEST LOEA SO0 sen- come in. Rather than no government | Hicks maintained in the face of Dt h 5 | only man in sight to handle it. And | a dictatorship, probably he was right. for Byng is an s 1 i | mteresitis dmaythnlogival sty vhud, & stand roughly in the cente B He was living the peaceful life of a retired soldier on his modest demesn= | at Thrope le Soken, a little Essex vil |lage. when the notorious Money- | Savidge petting-in-the-park case sent a train spluttering through Parliament and the press and exploded a large sized mine under Scotland Yard and its chief. | the former army provost marshal gen- | sral. Sir William Horwood. | The world, reading the story through | y-day reports, laughs. But Premier Baldwin, secretary and the Tory party o not. laugh, for they recognize either the nationalist right, who derive | from the Rus: Poles, who formed a national committee in Paris in 19 in opposition to Pilsudski and who hate him bitterly to this day, or with the ( radical socialists who oppose Pilsudski | bcause his avowed wish is to strength- en the executive on a_semi-American model. Whether the Pilsudski center | will swing to permanent coalition with right or left is the problem. Or pe:- haps Pilsudski, like Cromwell, finally sick of the squabblings of a dozen par- ties, will form a rump parliament all | his ho his own. That is freely predicted now in Warsaw | In all the politicel comings and g»- | ings the fizure of Ignatz the Obed is aloof. His job is not to pay any attention to anybody. Poland Merits Confidence. These are some of the political prob- lems facing Poland. In addition there | is the immense problem of the minori- | ties, for while Poland has 30,000,000 | people. only 2,200,000 of them are Poles. | Most of the minorities live in a sort | f periphery bordering Poland, and thus | are a problem not only for their own sake but because they gravely embar- rass Poland’s relations with her neigh- bors. These relations are not too goed. | With Russia, with Germany, with Lithuania, Poland has serious difficul- | hundredth year since the publication of {that epochmaking treacise, entitled | ! “Exercitatio Anatomica Do Moti Condis | | Et @anguinis” the trealise namely in hich William Harvey expounded his circulation of the England laughs. BY HENRY W. BUNN. | HE following is a brief summary | of the most important news of | the world for the seven days ended September 1: | * % % * The British Empire.—This is the four are not so serious as they were two years ago. Even in foreign affairs Poiand is meriting mors and | ¥ more the confidence which the United | discovery of the States is giving it. blood. A vast deal of ink has been spilled in IRELAND’S PRIDE GIVE Boys and Girls Freely Imitating Foreign Fashions, i Despite Protests of the National Amusements EY WILLIAM H. BRAYDE} of The Star c 2:ly News in Ireland which used to be proud of #'s isolation from world fashions, iis traditional unity of family life, and its parental control over children, obedience extended even be- the years of youth, has not es- changes in outlook which ted to the World War. end girls, cn the testimony The and cago 1ry's leaders, both clerical re freely 2 foreign univer professor, the change, puts it 1 has bobbed her hair.” omore, following the of npumerous eother and Protestant, used tn look well make gewzaws of imitating a ribed as a fon_has been secure a greater length less liberal display of and girls are their styles amusements are Daneing has Irish pastime 5 of the glorious fiing derive: by the state a quarter of & milllon dollare in revenue from taxes on bets on bookmak who keep offices ch young buy a hat the demoralization frequent. The de- cler; are con- rents are bidden they have I generally con- 7 heen ttle seri- Rely mainta d fixed moral pi are the repeated me the eontrol tte all this it ire rather than of any rious existing harm war the marrage rale has me decline and the birth rate the marrisge 4 marrisge mean: H fore the war the 4 vate wes 5.05 per thousand of lowed Tre BACKSET BY WORLD WAR the | attempting to discredit Harvey's claim | | %o that sl:‘prcm! distinction in’the field of physiology, but quite in vain. To be <ure, the Frénchman Sylvius (died 1555) described the values of the veins, and that great Spaniard Servetus (who, it| will be remembered, was for his efforts toward human enlightenment duly re-| warded with Calvin's consent by burn- | g at the stake in 1553) partially un- and described the lesser or | pulmonary _circulation, but Sylvius did | Nt grasp the significance of the valves and, 2s I have in ated, Servetus’ con- | ception of the lesser circulation was very imperfect, and finally no one before Harvey, %o far as the evidence goes, had the faintest inkling of the greater or systematic circulation. In order to do full justice to Servetus magnificent achievement we may say that he pointed Harvey the way he in the rural districts the average should go. but we may not, therefore 1ge is nearer 40. Ireland has for more | deny Harvey full credit for one of the han a generation been the least Marry- | greatest of the mental leaps, one of the ng country in Europe. In Serbia be- |supreme discoveries. In the words of fore the war 84 per cent of the men | the jmmortal Descartes, one of the first aged 23-34 were married, in Prance 65! of the continental savants to accept per cent. in England and Wales 61 per | Harvey's demonstration, to Harvey “be- cent, but Ireland recorded the amaz- | jongs the honor of having first shr!wn‘ ingly low figure of 20 per cent of Mar- | nat the course of the blood in the | | th riages between those ages. And thouzh |pody is nothing less than a Kind of | IN HOME LIFE erstood Older Generation, and Take Modern Form. the population per annum, and in 1927 had fallen to 4.54. The birth rate, vhich was 2235 per thousand, is now 1. the figure of foday is not yet available nerpstual movement in a circle” it 15 caiculated that it must be stl ireatise (Exercitatio, etc) is a model e a classic of exposition, and the method | ecoribed s, both on the theoretical How Peasants View Marrlage. described 18, Dokt ital sifle, among the The expression familiar in fashion- human achievements most nearl; 8p- | hie circles that “a marriage has been proximating perfection. In one respect |erranged” 15 a liter: accurate de- only was the demonstration incomplete. , riptirn of the usual process among e Irish peasants. who form so large Before Microscope. i 3 part of the total population. An The microscope had not yet been in- Irish humorist once wrote # DOPUIAT | vented, so that Harvey could not see the song which, conceding that “there was | capillary channels by which the blood | no denying that Kilty was remark- passes from the arteries to the veins ably pretty, and you could not say the | The mental leap was, however, the more | ame for Jane,” went on to ask, “but | potable for this gap. As some one has {5 there sll the differ of the price of |said, the existence of the channels Arst| heifer between the pretty and the | seen by Marcello Malpighi, in 1661 plain?” The girl with even one heifer | through the newly invented microscope | more than her competitor had all the “was as clearly pointed to by Harvey's| st of the handicap. soning as the existence of Neptune r | ste, or perhaps becauss of, by the calculations of Leverrier and | v preliminary romance of Adam: ',m".:,.y':vm;v happy and Harvey was born in 1578 and died affection, lifelong mu- 0 1657 He took his B. A. at Caiue K one spouse on the cther, | College. Combridge: studied at padus | e O reover. when |under the reat Fabricius. married o daughter of Dr. Lancelot Browne, who had been physician to Queen Elizabeth admitted fellow of the Roval Col- | |lege of Physicians and reached the | { pinnacle of preferment as lul\yslvinn in ! 5 1, whom he at- Before the treaty which establisned | Ordinary to Chasies %, th iy | tended at the battle of Edgehill. That | the Free State, it was posciole: DUL OB | most useful contemporary "blographer, thesr marriage by promoting a special | JOhT Aubrey. has Jefk B8 oo an of [ act of Parliament for the purpose in | HEEC CREILCR, 0unG Taced, olivaster | London, But the acts of the British | the lwee: stattic vt T ind, very | | l"’ullfig\rm o m"‘;!’g apply "" southern | yach “full 'of spirits, his hair black es | | Ireland, and so that way of cscape s | vaven, alert, choleric, often fingering [ Gut oft. Theoretically the Dafl and the | \pe handle of his dagger.” " There is Senate as 8 soverelgn Parl ame o, |4 famous portrail of him by Cornelius An v'vvrm,."w« '.’m-n ‘made 10 ,,,',,k,:.v?x;;,’rn “-"’lll preserved, in the College } o i of Physicans this Jurisdiction, but the unwilingess| ' rhroughout the world thin year clen- egistature to Nsten Lo the pro- 0 o holding celebrations in honor | d the certainty that a bill 10| of willlam Harver, wherein they do, killed this technical po e rich Actions are Judicial separation They y they have got to stay There s no divoree in Ire- There never Divoree Made Impossible. f any marriage would b has even for the for Canadian Wheat Record. | A Canadian wheat erop of 500,000,- | bilit, sible are not frequent, but they tell the | 000 bushels 15 estimated the largest | ame unhappy stories of married misery | in Canadian history and in general { and broken faith that are commen all | Canada s enjoying a quite unpre- | r the world. ‘The remedy is thai the cedented phase of prosperity. 1In this| i fact. of course, Premier Mackenzie King does not fall o discover co-operation | of Providence with his party and ad- parties shall separste and the terms| are fixed by the court l But the marriage bond remains, ana nefther hushand nor wife, neither guilty | ministration for dnnocent, ean in this country con- ' Canada’s pulp and paper Industry is tract another legitimate union. her leading industry - in which category, dian steel production in the first half of 1928 was greater by 33 per cent than in the first half of 1927, | dedicated playground of 800,000 ac: that the laugh of the nation is a sour | will slip open and the present figures of one lacking real mirth. They realiz> that | 130,000 major crimes and 150 murders if something is not done quickly to re- | per annum will show a large increase assure the island race, jealous of its| Byng of Vimy is the practical solu- liberties, and sweeten the relations be- | tion of this complicated politico-polic tween police and public, there will be | problem. His job is to “reinspire” the trouble in the party, and a gust of pas- | police. sion in the country that will swing mil- | He has to hold the police fort while lions of votes into the enemy eamp at|a roval commission, with the Earl of the coming general election | Reading, former Lord Chief Justice of They know that on an issue of police | England. Indian Viceroy, and once Brit- versus the people the latter will win. ish Ambassador to Washington, in the and they will also know that if the police | chair, investigates the whole police sys- feel they are being made scavegoris tem and frames its report. in this silly business the sluicegoats| Viscount Byng had earned the repose that hold back the criminal underworld | he was taking when he was called out The Story the Week Has Told indeed, she leads the world. As in-| cidents of recent development, Cana- gift. In writing his famous histories of French and of English literature he had two preoccupations, to exhibit the writer and his writings as products of their epoch, and, according to a theory which cbsessed him, to bring to light the pre- dominant faculty, the faculte maitresse, of the writer considered. For the rest he conceived an opinion of mankind in general scarcely more flattering than that of Swift. He was “The High Priest Building con- tracts in the first half of 1928 totaled $256,000,000 in value as against $191.- | 000,000 for the firkt half of 1927. The balance of foreign trade for the 12 months ended June 30 was favorable by $101,294000 and the (rade is steadily increasing Who would not be wishing to vi DPrince Albert National Park, that newly volume of 15t philosopher, master of a vigorous and colored style. Taine died in 1893. P The Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.—The Jugoslav government has been discussing the relative merits of & concillatory and a coercive policy in dealing with the dissident Croat and other elements of the kingdom The dispatches indicate that the policy of in the northern part of the Province o Saskatchewan, Canada, “north of 53." even in part extending north of the 54th paralle], a glorlous region of forest and lake and stream and wild life? One may embark on Lake Montreal, at the northeast corner of the park, and via| Lac La Rouge and the Churchill River paddle all the way to Hudson Bay. Lets do it. the history of mankind would scarce e R | seem to justify. It is. we unm-rsums. . —~Marshal Marie Emile Fayolle proposed to bring to trial M, Matchek, is F(-'l?ura"nl 8, a ;‘flry ar;\'{l:’\? and "nh!p the new head of the Croatian Peasant party, charged with agitation danger- | ous to the state, with having slandered ¢ | the government in newspaper interviews. the birth of Hippoliyte Adolphe Taine, | With having sent a telegram asking for historian and philosopher. His great | the mferposition of the interpariamen- work 18 the “Origines de la France Con- | tary congress at Berlin, with this and temporaine.” Some one has called him | Wwith that. poet logician and another happily dv-| i clared that he had the power of dram-| Albania —In a previous atizing abstractions. That is, he had a | injustice to Ahmed Zogu, till yesterday passion for abstraction, for inexorable | President, now King of Albania, and logle combined with a high maginative o the Albanians. Ahmed did not crown soldier of cspecial note as an artillery- man. April 21 was the 100th anniversary o Dentists BARTON. BY BRU HAVE suffered under two | ings. He only makes things kinds of dentists. worse." _— One says, with a guile- less smile: “Now, this isn't l Great leadars have operated on going to hurt at all” Having | the other principle. Caesar, in thus caused you to lower your | Africa, learning that some of his guard, he deals you a thrust | officers were nervous at the ap- Which is twice as bitter, because | proach of King Juba, deliber- you are unprepared. ately exaggerated the danger. Calling them together, he said &% . The othar says briefly: “This | sharply: Gyt ik | “You will understand that i W | within a day King Juba will be You grip the chair a little here with ten legions, thirty tighter; the pain comes and thousand horse, a hundred thou- goes and, to your pleased sur- <and skirmishars and three hun- prise, is not so had as you | dred elephants. You are not to think ar ask questions. | tell you the truth, and you must pra- pare far it. If any of vou alarmed, | shall send you hame. thought it would be I nate the same difference in techniqus among business exscu- . tives, A man came ta ms re- cently, complaining about his The forces "' M""""‘"j"" e, Buid 61 ¥Ths ol sean 6 | SNISH sweet vishwricusly erse o \ the East, were recruited not by 86 tender-hearted that he causes other people a lot of ne pain. I've just learned that the the promise of reward, but with an invitation to dis for the faith. i 1)< Said Napoleon: “If you v risnce reverses, always remem- executive committee plans to let ed me out next month. | pe something of the sort |a bar these three things—union of s”:l:""h.m; | went (n( the bnN: your forces, activity and a firm i b Hinest . ausetion, retolve to dis with glory. Th soothed me with kind werds and sent me away feeling that every- thing would be all right. * are the three great principles of military art which have made fortune favor me in all my oper- ations. Death is nothing, but to live vanguished and without glory is to die svery day.” “So | rented a house and put my children in sehool and mads all my plans to stay. Now | find that I've gat to mova, and it in far more difficult than it would have been six months age. . . “The old man dossn't mean to lie. But he has side-stepped the hard thing all his life, Ha thinks This is the type of appeal that has built great empire faiths, great businesses. Those whao teli us that life “isn't gaing to hurt" do us a very poor serv- iee. What we want to know is when the test is coming, so that * that by dealing aut frisndly | we can take a tighter grip and phr e is aparing our fasl- act like men, (Conyright, 1928 of the Cult of Misanthropy,” a positiv- | soercion has been chosen, a choice which | fssue 1 did | | | | of retirement to head London's police. if's ective soldicring life covers the Brit- <h campaigns of 40 years. He had his | first taste of steel and lead charging ! at the head of his cavalry troops againsf | | the dervishes of the Sudan back in '34 | Th boy subaltern of that day devel- | oped into the man who maneuvered | the 300,000 men of the 3d British | Atmy in the final operations which | mashed the great Hindenburg line, and | | with it the iron German back, in 1918.| | Then there was that memorable vice- { royalty in Canada, which has written a mage into empire history, because at| s end, the issue of crown versus col- | was acutely raised in the three-cor- | nered clash between Tory leader. Lib- eral leader and governor general. A patrician, seventh son of the Scot-) tish Earl of Strafford, blue-eyed, tail, with a_body of whincord and steel, hs owes his rie to merit. He has survived searching tests and achieved a unique | peestige. He fs, incidantally, about the |only general in’ England who does not | | posses’ the military mind—with its no- table defects in the civil sphere. He was 21 when he drank his first toest to “the King!" in old port in the mess of the 10th Hussars. one of the crack rogiments: 21 when he embarked | (Continued on Fourth Page.) | | | | himself, but waited upon constitutional | processes. The new Constituent Assem- | bly acted with extraordinary but not | aliogether unseemly, not, at any rate, | | scandalous, haste to reform the consti- | tution in a monarchical sense. Not un- | til yesterday was the crown formally | {offered to Ahmed Zogu. He at once| | accepted and was forthwith proclaimed | King with the title of Zogu I One| | refuses to credit dispatches to the effect | that meantime anonymous proclama- | tions had been posted calling on the | people, in language which to call mina- tory were not exaggerative, to turn out and demonstrate with vigor and without intermission for the kinging of Ahmed. The dispatches concerning this latest Albanian development having been sev- | eral times falsified, the above is a little | shakily submitted subject to correction {in my next paper. * * % ¥ | China. -1 confess that 1 find difficul- |ty in precisely placing Marshal Li Tsung Jen, the Hankow commander | | who 1% said to command a larger body of men, with ene exception, than any | other commander in China. He is de- | seribed as 42 years old and of a dapper | military bearing. He has been foremost in rdding out Communism. At any rate, he takes well as quoted by the New York Times. Witness: “Something new has | come to changeless China, but the lega- | tions of the treaty powers, most foreign- | | ers in this country, and even vast num- { bars of Chinese do not realize the fact. | This new something s sincerity on the part of most of China's leaders, coupled with the birth of patriotism and public spirit on the part of many of China's millions. “Those who do not understand the new China have believed that the Na- tionalists would split asunder as soon as they took Peking. They have judg- ed us by the standards by which they | correctly fudged the old type of North- | orn militarist for many vears. It has| been perhaps only natural for us to bs | regarded with skepticism, to expset us to quarrel over a division of spolls Scores Russia. “But a sceming miracle has come to pass in that even If some of us are not sincere we realize that if today we should attempt to follow the old selfish | system we would at once lose our sup- | porters and most of our strength. Forces | that self-seeking men cannot control have been let loose in this old land “Soviet Russla came to us thres years ago and fold us she was the friend of all weak or oppressed peoples. For a | time we belleved these professions of | { triendship, but soon we learned to our | cost that Russia intended merelv to| use China to forward world revolution | | on behalf of one class of people, the| proletariat China decided that proletarian dominfon would not do: she wants a government which will mete out justice | to all classes, and she does not believe in_the abolition of private property “Russia 15 still continuing her propa- ganda in other countries. If the world powers do not adopt a friendly attitude toward China soon the Communists will | tell these other peoples that the weak and oppressed nations get no help from the great powers when they try to struggle out of their difficulties.” Li s (or says he i5) for rapid de- mobilization, for tax reform, for grand mensures looking to economic rehabilita- tion and development. Famine condi- tlons, while still very bad, are said to be somewhat improving in Shantung Prov- but to be getting worse tn Chihli | Many- still find their chief subsistence In chaff, leaves and an oceasioral grass- | hopper. We are told that only $260.000 | has been contributed in response to the appeal In this country for $10,000.000 to | be appied to Chinese famine relief » o ow ok United States. - On August 26, the bark Oity of New York, Capt. Fred- erick Melville, commander, satled from New York, carrying 32 members of the Byrd Antarctie expedition and 200 tons of suppiies, bound for the Ross Sea, hase of the expedition, on the shore of the An‘arctie continent. She 18 sched- uled to make her first stop at Dune- | eruption [tha nervous system and. | first reported in d 1864, although it was not generally |lagra.” | pellagra, provided, of cou South With Simply Remedy and Diet BY REX COLLIER. tradition in the cotton belt have caused thousands of people to fail into cer- NCLE SAM has a “miracle man' | yain “habits of living which are very who 15 ridding America of that | gimoyt to change and which have re- once mysterious and dread dis- ease. pellagra, by the simple expedient of administering H~ is Dr. Joscph Goldbergor of the ited States Public Health ~ce laboratory researches here and --ld investigations in the South have on him international renown in the vorld of medicine. B Th =implicity of Dr. Goldberger's remedy for pellagra is exceeded only by ha homely nature of his prescripiion for keeping cured victims well preseription calls merelv “for a diot of milk, lean meats, eggs and t matoes In other words, it has been found that persons who eat such dairy prod- ucts and vegetables and meats do not get pellagra. The disease occurs among persons whose diet lacks t. healthful vitamin-rich foods. Pellagra is a diease common in the Southern States, particularly in the cotton belt. It causes a serious skin disturbances of digestion and if untreaied, The breaking out occurs com- v death monly on the hands and forearms. on the neck. upper part of the feet and lower part of the legs A characteristic development i3 un dernourishment, {llness and a lacka- daisfeal attitude toward one's existence and work. Prevalent in South. Pellagra has been prevalent in the Southern States for a number of years. 1t is found occasionally in the North- ern States, although rarely. It was recognized as of any particular im- portance until about. 1906 and 1907. Since those years there have been many outbreaks of the disease and it has come to be regarded as one of the major causes of death in the South. In recent years pellagra has become one of the most serious causes of ill- ness in the Mississippi Valley and ad- joining farming States and automatic- ally has presented that section with a Service, | This | regular | is taken to indicate that an abund: o- | of food for every one is necessary for perplexing economic problem from the labor standpoint. The true catse of been understood until announced the results of his extensive researches. By carefully controlled ex- periments with animals, especially dogs. and with patients in various Southern institutions he has been able to con- tribute invi pellagra had not luable information to |h!‘ sulted in pellagra and other conditions of undernourishment. Proper educa- tional methods and improvement in eco- nomic conditions will do much to remedy the cituation.” Crops Seen as Factor. Dr. de Kleine pointed out that his- ‘~rv of the disease in the South has own that when cotton crops are good and prices high pallagra decreases When crops are poor for a period © years and prosperity suffers pellagr begins to increase alarmingly. 3 the prevention of the disease. Pellagra was decidedly on the In- crease in the Southern States during 1927, not only in the flood areca. but only | in other States of the South. Eccnomi hese | conditions in the delta section of th- Mississippi Valley have been such dur- ing the past few vears that residents of that region have suffered more than those in other districts. It is possible the flood had some influence in in- creasing the disease early last year by robbing many people of cows and veg- atable gardens. It is considered more than likely, however, that there would have been an increase if the flood had not_occurred. The flood brought with it an admi- rable_ opportunity to test the efficacy of | Dr. Goldberger's treatment on a large scale. The Red Cross and the Rocke- feller Foundation had joined with the Public Health Service in conducting an | extensive health crusade throughout the | stricken valley, and here was a chance |to preach and put into practice the the United States in| new doctrine of “vitamins versus pel- Thousands of pounds of yeast were sent into the area and given widespread distribution. The yeast was doled out by the Red Cross free of charge, with instructions to use it in mush, cereal or “straight.” Since the yeast was extremely unpalatable by itself it generally was mixed with other foods. As a result of this concerted drive on pellagra by Federal, State and oth- er interested agencies, the spread of pellagra after the flood was effectually combated and health conditions in the flood area were more encouraging than Dr. Goldberger | at any time in the past. Treatment Being Followed. Dr. Goldberger's prescription of dairy and farm products to prevent pellagra now is being widely adhered to in th» South. The cotton country families are learning that their good health and world on the cause and cure of the dis- | often life itself depend on a proper eas> Dr. Goldberger has shown conclu stvely that pellagra is caused by the ab. sence of certain food essentials from | These food essentials are in the nature of a vitamin found |and infectious diseases. the daily dist in such foods as milk, eggs, meat with- out fat and several vegetables, princi- pally tomatoes. The vitamin ‘undoubt- edly occurs in make additions to the list. many other foods, but | further research will be necessary to| | mixing of eggs and milk and vegstables vith their age-old rations of cornmeal, bacon and molasses. Dr. Goldberger is known mainly for his researches in preventive medicine He has mads exhaustive studies of straw itch, yellow fever, dengue fever, measles, typhus fever, cholera media, diphtheria carriers and, more notably, pellagra. A’ native of Austria-Hungary, where e was born July 16, 1874, he came to I a sufficient amount of such foods America as an immigrant boy and was as those cited could be added to the|educated at the College of the City of daily rations of the people who are sub- ject to pellagra the disease would he wiped out in tl perts declare. the prellagra area I fat meats (salt pork), corn bread, whea bread and various dishes corn meal and white flour an This diet frequently constitutes chief elements in their daily This may not be true of every secf of the Southern States. but inquiry shown that it does apply to many sec- tions. is entirely inadequate, not only for the prevention of peilagra but for general good health. Shows Valte of Yeast. Dr. Goldberger has shown that a purs culture of veast serves as an excellent preventive and cure for pallagra. The vitamin found in the appears in it seems. confused with ths = commercial household yeast in cake form. ast for pellagra patients is in hig oncentrated powder form. About on ounce of this veast a da a period of from 6 to 10 weeks, will cure by far the majority of patients with e, the dis- ease has not reached a fatal stage. Pellagra has been aptly referred to as an namie diseass.” Investigation has shown that it increases or decreases in waves corresponding with amazing hiy faithfulness to the raspective decline and rise of prosperity In the cotton covntrv. Dr William de Kleine, who served as medical divector of the American Red Cross during the latter months of the Mississippl flood of last year and who superintended America's first great ex- periment with veast as a cure for pe lagra among thousands of flood refu- gees, told the writer that the control and prevention of pellagra resolves itself into a question of economies and education. “If the people, commonly su pellagra,” he sald, “can be educated as to the true nature of the disease and its prevention, and if economic conditions can be improved so that it is possible for every one to obtain an adequate diet, then pellagra will disappear. his country, medical ex- | Many of the people in|but left to enter private pi ive on foods such as | Wilkes-Barre, Pa., from 1897 to 1899. He t | was appointed an assistant surgeon made from | the United States Public Health Servic> d molasses. | in 1899 and was promoted to surgeon the | in 1912, rations. | tion | cal Association and a member of the has | American Public Health Association, the foods mentioned | abundant form in pure yeast, | This pure yeast is not to b;‘ and | biect o Rome Perfects | New York and Bellevue Hospital Medical | College. He was resident physician at Bellevue Hospital from 1895 to 1897, ractice in in He is a fellow of the American Medi- | Association of American Pathologists Such a diet. physicians assert, |and Bacteriologists, the American Asso- ciation for the Advancement of Science, | the Washington Academy of Sciences !and the Masons. He resides at 3735 Kanawha street. Strikes at Usury Among Filipinos A pillar of Gov. Henry L. Stimson's administration is Col. Blanton Win- ship, who, among other duties, is mak- o |Ing the lot of the usurer hard. Legal taken for | matters fall to Col. Winship, and usury |is one of them. Hailing from 3 glnmer State, he has a native m lor money sharks and is taking a keen |delight in harpooning them here. Of | course, he does not figure publicly in | the cases. A striking feature of the Stimson ad- | ministration is its unobtrusiveness. Th> proper official, a Filipino, learns what |1s wanted in conference at Malacanang Palace, Gov. Stimson's office, and he goes and does it. Law enforcement of- ficlals learn from Col. Winshij nd there is no law he takes keener pleasure in having enforced than that punishing usul If this keeps up, as it apparent- ly will, the partial emancipation of the peons is in sight The law is quits severe, judges do not hesitate to impose its heaviest penalt and the game is becoming hazardous. Plan For Setting Watches Rome is perfecting the system where- by her citizens set their watches. That “I do not mean to imply that eco- convenient American system of clocks nomic conditions in the South are ex- electrically connected with government tremely backward, but rather imply sbservatories has not yet permeated Italy, here that many people in that section | There are plenty of electric clocks, but have drifted into certain economic way of living that have brought on this situation. din, New Zealand, where Comdr. Byrd on Janiculum Hill is to join her. It is the expectation that air mail service Boston-Mexico City (via New York, Washington, Richmond, Atlant; Birmingham, Mobile, New Orleans | they lack the unanimity which the Western Union assures American time- Many vears of custom and |keeping devices. The ear co d_Roman therefore keeps his ed for the boom of the cannon 0 That tells him it is Jigh noon—time to set his watch. The cannoneer on Janiculum gets his cue from the Royal Observatory on the Roman Capitol. A bell rings and he knows it is exactly 12. Some time ago | Houston, San Antonto, Laredo, Nuevo|the antiquated bell system failed to Laredo, Monterey and San Luis Potosi) | function—or the cannoneer drowsed. will be inaugurated this month. The distanse is some 2,800 miles. EEE R The League. ister of Finland. In that capacity he will, as temporary president thereof open the Assembly session. Apparently the most tmportant of the Council's agenda are the following: Polish- Lithunian relations, Hungarian-Ru- manian relations, the report of the commission on mandates. the reports of the Gireek Refugee Settlement Com- misson and the report of the commis- sion which has been drafting a con- vention to govern private manufacture of arms and ammunition. (The Couneil is to decide whether and when an in- ternational conference on this subject s to meet.) e The Treaty. ropresentatives of 18 governments cluding that of the United States, signed the anti-war treaty. Especially in- vited thereta by the French govern- ment, the Russan government has signified its intention of adhering to the treaty. This Muscovite mave is thought by some (o open up again the Interesting question, “When s sincerity not sincerity?" Cushendun made some memorable observations at Geneva a few months 880, w. 2ddition to Russia 13 other governments not included among the original signatories have adhered or have signified their intention to adhere. e On August 27 at Paris, | in-| a question on which Lotd | | The ninth League As-{sorts of complications. | The Janiculum cannon did not boom until 12:45. Husbands came home for lunch, only to find that the meal was barely on the stove, and there were all The authorities sembly opens tomorrow. The Afty-|decided the system must be made sleep- {first session of the League Council: proof. They are therefors connecting opened on August 30. The acting presi- the observatory with the Janiculum dent of the Council is the foreign min- |cannon by telephone. and Roman watches may be confidently regulated every noonday More Londoners Buy Motor Boats for River Nowadays, when to get out of Lon- don during the week end by car usually means joining in a slow-moving proces- sion, a few pou‘»le are taking advantage of London's only uncrowded highway— the river. ‘While a motor boat cannot, of course, be considered an alternative to a week ender's car, more and more people are buying these little craft for week end excursions. On a fine Sunday morning you can see & number of parties setting out from the landing stages on the Westminster and Chelsea stretches of the Thames. The chief reason why there are not many more i1s the dificulty of getting moorings in this part of the river. At the pier near the Albert Bridge, which 13 convenient for residents in Chelsea or Kensington. only about a dosen moorings are granted by the Port of London authorities. A newcomer must often wait for months or even years untll he can get v t mooring. Lhcfl is often l: coum' ‘.cl“:hh waiting