Evening Star Newspaper, November 11, 1927, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY......November 11, 1927 THEODORE W. NOYES. . . .Editor The&vening Star Newspaper Company 11th St. and Pennsylyania Ave New York' Office: 110 East 4:nd St. Chicago _Office: Tower Builing. European Office: 14 Reent St.. London. England, The Evening Star with the Sun ing edition s delivered by carriers vithin the city at G0 cents per month: dails oniy. 45 cents per month: Sundavs 0 fonts r month. Orders may be sent hy mal o Tephone Main 5000, Coliection 15 piade by carrier at end of cach month. day mon Rate by Mafl—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. and_Sund: .1 ¥r.£0.00: 1 mo Iy only_ ... 130 8000 1 mo Sunday only Ay 00: 1 mo. B All Other States and Canada. aily and Sunday.1 vr. $12.00: 1 mo., $1.00 aily only $K.00: 1 mo. < Sunday only $4.00: 1 mo.. Member of the Associated Pres: The Associated Press is sxclusivelv entit 1o the ‘use for republication of atches credited to ted in this naver teh cation Armistice Day. Armistice day has become estab lished as a time of recollection and re- | view. Memories of the event of No-| vember 11, 1918, when the last shot in the Great War was fired and peace | succeeded to strife, are revived by the annual observance of the signing of those who will ponder them for a mo- ment or two they tell an amazing story. They tell us of America’s stu- pendous financial contribution to the winning of the war—largely personal —for of the total debt reduction dur- ing the eight fiscal years 1920-1927, in- clusive, but 13.9 per cent resulted from foreign repayments. They tell us of America’s amazing prosperity since the war, a prosperity which has flourished under heavy tax imposts and which has wisely been taken advan- tage of to the end that the interest- bearing debt of the Natibn has been d in nine years by 28.2 per cent. tell us that the business of re tiring our total war debt, through the sinking fund and foreign repayments and exclusive of the probability of future Treasury surpluses, can be | proximately effected in the nest twenty | vears, and this with foreign repay ments of principal accounting for but one-sixth of the retirement funds. | They tell us that those responsible for | our national destiny have played their part in the last five years, first with the unstinted liberality and then with the persistent cconomy which the ex- igencies of the war and of the post-| war period respectively demanded of sighted servants of the public in- They give us firm grounds for ide in the immediate past and con- fidence in the immediate future. e sl Tribute to American Brotherhood. significance is given to the observance of Armistice day in this city by the unveiling at Arlington of | the truce in the forest of Compiegne, | & | _in France. There was wild rejoic “in all lands, even in those countries | that bowed their heads in defeat. The | terrible slaughter was ended, the dev- astation of conflict was checked. Ad justments and settlements had yet to | be made, and they proved to be diffi-| cult of arrangement, and in their mak- ing they led to many complications and caused much bitterness. But the great achievement of the armistice lay in the stopping of the bloodshed. It took only a few days to precipi- tate the war. It took months to effect a peace treaty, and it has taken years to restore the world to a semblance of stability following the cataclysm. In the nine years that have elapsed since the armistice great progress has been made, considering the difficulties to be overcome. Amenities have been estab- lished and maintained between for merly warring nations. The new states resulting from a revision of the map of Europe have maintained them- selves. Difficult problems remain, chiefly economic. The question of the ‘war debts owing to the United States by its former allies is not fully settled. Some of the ideals of American states- manship inspired by the conflict have been unrealized. Guarantees against future wholesale combat are still lacking. Yet Armistice day this year finds the safeguards against recurrence of conflict stronger than they were when the armistice was signed. In the clearing up of questions relating to the causes of the war there has come mbout a better understanding between the peoples. While pessimists con- tinue to predict another general out- break, feeling prevails throughout Europe and Amerfca that there is less likelihood of such a disaster with each @uccessive Armistice day. Ten years ago at this time the United States was just getting into the fighting. Its troops were at the front engaged in actual warfare. It had begun to feel its Josses. It was realizing that participation in the war entailed severe sacrifices. Yet there was no diminution of spirit, no slack- ening of ardor, no inclination to re- consider the decision of April, 1917, which placed this country on the fight- ing line. In the year that followed its losses multiplied, its sorrows deep- ened, but its spirit did not flag. In the final stage of the war it was the Amer- ican contribution to the allied cause that decided the great event. So that the news of the armistice came to America as tidings of a victory achieved, and hence it is that in cele- bration of this day there is a feeling of pride of achievement, as well as of the deepest gratitude for those who by their sacrifice made it possible. —— e On the 7th of December the Repub- lican national committee will meet (here and hold its quadrennial auction, receiving bids from cities aspiring to entertain the next party convention. Senator Reed of Missouri should re- ceive an invitation to attend to take notes for later slush fund disclosure ——o—— ‘War Debt Retirement. ‘The retirement of the complete issue of the second Liberty loan, set for Tuesday of next week, prompts con- sideration of the general subject of war-debt retiremnent. And though, as Senator Smoot will testify, the general subject of national finance is correctly deemed to command ne burning popu- lar interest, there are facts and fig- ures here involved which read suffi- ciently like a fairy story to appeal to . even a Philadelphia audience. Those figures are these: On June 30, 1916, the gross debt of he United States stood at $1,225,145,- 668. In August, 1919, a little more _than three years later, that debt had swelled to the figure of $26,506,701,648. That was the peak. The Nation set mbout the business of retrenchment. The effect of its efforts is as fol- Jows: To date a net reduction of the gross debt by $8,228,210,037—the total now standing at $18,368,491,611—has been effected. Of $21,432,938,730 worth of war bonds sold, $10,258,850,450 have been retired. The difference of up- ward of $2,000,000,000 between the re- duction in war honds outstanding and the net reduction of the total debt is accounted for by the conversion of the ponds into other securities bearing substantially lower interest rate Which brings us to the matter of in- terest. Interest payments by the Treasury Wuring the last eight years have to- taled $7,504,519,646. The peak was yeached in 1923, when §1,055,088,136 paid. In the fiscal vear of 1927 $757,019,578 was paid. The average gate of interest in 1922 was 4.29 per eent as against 4.043 per cent in 1927. By debt retirement and lowering the al gift in honor of the es who lost in the Do mem ens of the United § their lives while servin: minion forces in the ¢ it War., This mémorial is known as “The Cross of Sacrifice.” Tt is in itself an impres monument. In its deepest meaning, however, it is one of the most impor- tant symbols standing in the National Cemetery where lie the war dead of America. This cross is not merely a mark of gratitude from Canada to the indi- vidual Americans who served in her armies, nearly six thousand of whom | perished, but it is a tribute to the| tradition of peace and harmony which | has characterized the relations of the two countries for more than a cen- ve The spectacle of these two great commonwealths, with a border line several thousand miles in length, the greater part of which is only artifi- cial and imaginary, living in closest kinship without friction is truly worthy of commemoration. There has never heen an occasion for the main- tenance of a military guard. Many hundreds of miles of this boundary pass through the waters of the Great Lakes, and no naval force has ever been required to cause respect for it or to prevent trouble. When the Great War broke and Canada leaped to the aid of the motherland overseas there were many Americans who felt impelled to join. Some went immediately. Some waited for a while lest the United States should enter the war on the side of the allies, preferring to fight under their own flag. But as the months passed and this country held aloof, from August, 1914, to April, 1917, mere and more young citizens of the United States crossed the boundary to enlist. A glorious chapter was written by the Canadian troops during the war. They participated in some of the fiercest fighting, and in every engage- ment they showed the highest qual- ity. At one particular juncture it was they who stemmed the German tide in a supreme crisis and prevented a fatal breach of the British lines. The men from south of the boundary stood shoulder to shoulder with those from the Dominion in all these situa- tions. There was a kinship between them. They were animated by the same spirit. Later when the United States entered the war many of them transferred to the American ranks, | thcugh some remained to the end un- ' der the colors of their temporary adoption. So the shaft that is dedicated today at Arlington 1s more than a tribute of gratitude by Canada to the young Americans who fell in Flanders flelds. It is a mark of the everlasting brother- hood of the men of this country. S Tuesday's elections appear to have stimulated crystal gazing by political forecasters. The pictures they sce are highly colored by their previous states of mind. oone. Failure of three farmers' organiza- tions to get together on a program of relief is not a happy augury for effec- tive congressional action on the sub- ject. e Low life in Detroit takes the form of a huge illicit brewery under ground, Some others do not bother to bury their law breaking. ) Detroit's Underground Brewery. A news dispatch tells of the discov- ery in Detroit of a huge illicit brewery located underground and turning out enormous qu beer, with subterranean passag mg to exits through innocent-appear- ing buildings. The find was apparent- Iy the result of a raid on a night club, ttself a “blind pig” on a large scale. When raided the place was empty, though there was evidence of its very recent occupancy by a large patron- age. A thorough examination of the premises brought the underground tablishment to light, despite elaborate barriers and concealments, Thus far no one has been found who can be identified as the owner or operativ ge enough p the city of Detroit well sup- plied with {llicit drink. 1t is evident from the news account that this establishment cost a great deal of money to construct and equip. Bverything was on a large scale, Some of the beer vats were of 25,000-gallon capacity, with numerous smaller ones, In addition, there was stored in the plage a Jarge quantity of liquor.” Whether there were facilities for making it there is not altogether clear. But enough is disclosed o make it plain that this was a “rum" <ource of high capacity and efficiency. pable of Interest rate a permanent annual in- terest saving of approximately $260,- ©0.000 has heen achieved. These are cold, bare figures. This discovery shows one of the sources of supply. Perhaps there are similar places in other cities than De. But ti troit. The profits of illicit brewing and THE EVENING ‘r!istmlnk are enormous. This place, of course, will be closed, its contents confiscated, its apparatus destroyed. Perhaps the real owners and opera- tives will never be found. Maybe they will devise other ways and means of breaking the law, lured by the rich ns of the fllicit traffic. But such discoveries do not discourage those who believe in the eighteenth amend- ment to the Constitution and who look for its enforcement, however zreat the difficulties. Indeed, such finds as that just made in Detroit are caleulated to intensify the demand of advocates of prohibition for even more vigorous endeavors to enforce the law. SRS Traffic Lights. The District Commissioners have in- dicated that they will allow Traffic Di- rector Harland to proceed with his ambitious program for traffic light in- stallation. Despite the protest of the engineer of the Public Utilities Com- mission, who had disapproved addi- tional automatic electric signals be- cause of the delay to busses and street «, the Commissioners yesterday ap- proved in principle the expenditure of approximately $270,000 to carry out the traffic office plan. By this deci- sion the Commissioners not only pro- vide for indisputable traflic benefits for the city, but are acting on the theory that a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush by spending the mone; ready available for signal purchas This fund, if not spent be- fore December 31, will be unavail: able for the purpose for which it was raised. Washington is blessed with an un- usual fine and well considered traf-- fic light installation. The extension of the system will be worked out on the me sane 1t takes only drive along North avenue in Baltimore or Market street in Philadelphia to realiza by comparison the excellence of the local method. In the two cities mentioned the motorist is stopped, al- most invariably, at every corner, while in the District it is possible to drive the entire length of one of the lighted streets without a stop. Of course, traffic light installations are not designed for speedy transpor ion. They are meant primarily for safety. In most other cities the safety factor is the only one considered, but in Washington the system has been <o synchronized that both safety and speed are assured. No automobile driver will protest speed and safety in his motoring, so that the extension of a traffic light system in the National Capital has the solid support of the | entire motorist body. e The plea is made that the United States should save the drama in Amer- ica by remitting the taxes on admis- sions. The danger to the theater in this country comes not from excessive taxation, but from inferior attractions at excessive prices. ————r————————— basis. a "The “era of good feeling” between Princeton and Yale, exemplified by the exchange of courtesies in the case of Player Caldwell, will not extend to the point of taking Saturday's game out of the combat category. —————————— A sudden transtormation of a bar- ber shop porter into a bandit, who robbed a patron in one of the chairs, is calculated to increase the number of self-shavers. —————————— Yale's refusal to take advantage of Princeton’s kind . offer to waive the disbarment rule against a star Eli footballist marks a high point in in- tercollegiate amenities. . Heavy oversubscriptions for new Treasury issues give Secretary Mellon rating as the best salesman in America. ———————————— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Tension. “Walking,” remarked the physiclan, “would be good exercise for you.” “But,” responded the patient, “think of the auto-dodging you've got to do! Couldn’t you recommend something less violent?" Literary Investment. You buy a book and hope to reap A profit quite extensive, ‘The style may be a little cheap, But the paper's right expensive. Another Wizard. “Your constituents appear to have th in your foresight.” “Ye: answered Senator Sorghum, “by an elaborate system of explana- tion of how things have happened I have convinced them that I could tell exactly how things are going to hap- ven if I wanted to.” ‘The Mighty Dollar. He had no armies to command; He rode no horse and led no men, 3ut he had ‘steen million dollars and That made him useful now and then. New Parties. “Party lines have been largely ef- faced.” Yes,” answered Miss Cayenne; “I don’t know much about politics, but it seems to me that the argument is now limited to two classes of people, one preaching prosperity and the other yelling perdition. Silenced. “I suppose your husband will be able to tell you a great deal about the horses when the races start?" “Yes," answered young Mrs. Tor- kins. “Charley is always more talka- tive at the start, but he is wiser at the finish.” “You can't allus tell by appear- ances,” said Uncle Iben, “Sometimes man looks specially well dressed ause he's broke an’ ain’t got nuffin to wear but his Sunday clothes.” ‘e Natural Attributes. Oh, de 'possum’s tail is lengthy An’ de rabbit's tail is small, Some critters hab big wavin' ears An’ some hab none at all. Some birds dey keeps a singin’, An’ gome merely hollers loud; De hen is meek an’ modes’ An’ de peacock’s mighty proud. De locus’ tree is lofty, An’ de cabbage done roos’ low. Dar am no explanation— De good Lord jes' made ’em so, An’ as I isn't envious Of another man’s displa; Some folks is rich an’ some ifipoor 'Cause dey belongs dat STAR, WASHINGTON, THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Several correspondents, praising the work of Tagore, raise the question whether prose translations of poems ought to be called poet It is in this matter as in so many others, a_strict_definition is not so ch to be heeded as a liberal int ation which gets nearer to the truth. Thus Marcus Aurelius is classed as a pagan, vet his golden book of medi- tations shows a distinctly Christian mind and spirit. Similarly Epictetus, pher, was ranked by Canon one of the three great “seeker: God” among the ancients. Only the other day a gray-haired man was asked by a friend -of his, a priest, what he was reading. He held out a small hook, with the single name in gold on the cover “Epictetus.” “(iod bless you, my son,” father, taking his hand. * %k Xk Xk In like manner, poetry is not to be defined so much by form as by con- tent, not by rule alone but more by the spirit of the whole. Much that masquerades as poetry, even though it scrupulously observes every v'" of the art, is nothing but so much drool. English poetry is full of such work, long efforts that get no- where and that bring no pleasure or profit to a single reader. One may ith several grains of sal ant _defini- tion, the blossom and grance of all human knowledge, human thought, human passions, | emotions, language.” Science, too, has contributed to the poetry of human life. A radio set, rightly conceived, is an exquisite poem, in its ability to transform waves from vadio to audio frequency, from a form in which music is not heard by human ear to a medinm which our ears comprehend, if it may be put that way. This is poetry of a high order— think of this the next time you tune in. * ok kK 1f Coleridge had restricted his defini- tion he would have been more near right. oetry is the fragrance of language.” This would more nearly have fit the case. It is precisely because poetry is the flower of our language that prose may be poetry, if it is properly handled Thus one is more or less forced to the conclusion that prose, which we use every day of our lives, is the allin- clusive medium in which one may not only express facts of law and scienc in dry-as-dust brachures, but also may ate” metrical versions of thoughts and emotions. The famous gentleman in one of Moliere’s comedies declared, *“What! T have heen speaking prose all my life and did not know it!” Similarly, many a human being in actual life speaks poetry and does not realize it. “How does one know when it really is Autumn?” we asked the other da “When the leaves on the lilacs be. gin to fall.” came the answer. And that answer was poetical, not only because it was somewhat rhythmical, but more because it breathed the spirit of poetry. stoic philoso- Fagrar as after Poetr | | * ok ok % There are many famous definitions of poetry, notably those of Arnold, Wordsworth, Pope and Poe. Some are better, others worse than that of Coleridge. The final arbiter, the dictionary the | D. C., FRIDAY, poets; embodiment in language of beautiful or high thoug imagination, or emotion, th being rhythmical, usually metricil, and characterized by harmonic and emotional qualities which appeal to and arouse the feelings and imagina- tion.” So poetry is the art or work of poets! One feels as he does when he approaches the encyclopedia for - in- formation upon something, and is greeted by one of those “See soand 0" signs. Of course poetry is the work of poets—surely ants do not write, “Chase yourself around the block,"” replies the dictionary, or words to that _effect. “Listen to the rest of it: ‘The embodiment in appropri language of beautiful or high thought, imagination, or emotion, the language being rhythmical, ) 1, and characterized by harmonic and emotional qualities which appeal to and arouse the feelings and imagina- tion, appropriate ht, * oK K ¥ Thus sternly regarded, poetry is seen by the layman to be nothing to shy from, but as simple prose. It is indeed only a form of prose. There sons who would enjo v, yet who shrink from its pe rusal on the ground that it is stilted, hard to read, unnatural. The gift to the world of a prose translation of poems by the poet himself renders the following extra service to mankind: It shows how poetry is not so much metrical as inherent in the fabric of the work, that the “poetry,” per se. is in the poet, not in the flow words, A poet impresses poetr Just as the Jawyer impr legal mat- ter with the peculiar flavor, haif | pedantie, halt absurd, of his profes sion. Rabindranath Tagore, in his prose translations of his own poems from the Bengali, fulfills most, if not all, of the dictionary requirements. He embodies in appropriate lan- guage certain beautiful and high thoughts, thoughts which it seems im- possible for mankind to touch without turning them into poetry, or at least approaching poetr: the world to- day understands poetic: Tagore's language is rhythmical, although not metrical. He has no | regular accent, but secures the equiv lent by the reiteration of set phrases, either at the beginning or end of para- graphs. His poem emotional which app of upon words | are characterized by nd harmonic qualities 1l to and arouse the feel- ings and imagination. The emotions play a major part in the life of every | human being, no matter how much he prides himself upon his pure intellect. Poetry is the pure food of the emo- tions. Poetry is to our reading what dreams are 1o life, only more so. It was because this is so that Shake- speare branded life such stuff as dreams are made of.” Poetry, whether in the more con- ventional forms or simply as the life breathing through the form of prose, lifts a_reader from the mundane to the celestial. 1If he rises exalted in mind he may know that what he has ead is poetry, whether so labeled or not, Poetry is the divine spark struck oft when the mind of the reader meets the mind of the writer, kindling the fire of the emotions to white heat. (Webster's), gives the following defini- tion: “Poetry—the art or work of How weirdly prohibition has mussed up party lines was proved for the hundredth time in State and munici- pal elections on November 8. Politi- cal drys and political wets in Wash- ington are, therefore, alike deriving| satisfaction from the day's results. Kentucky elected a Republican wet to the governorship after having a year ago elected a Democratic dry to the United States senatorship. Detroit, as pping wet a community as there is in the whole of dry America, turned out of office a mayor confessedly hos- tile to prohibition enforcement. Ohio, ancestral home of the Anti-Saloon League, bans the “kangaroo courts, espoused by the drys for more drastic punitive measures agajnst bibblers and bootleggers. Although the parties are split a dozen ways over prokibition, | thorities like Senator Borah insist it remains the paramount political is- sue before the country. Borah de- clares it must be grappled with, and to a finish, sooner or later, just us Abraham Lincoln came finally to grips with slavery. In the Idahoan's opin- ion, prohibition is a definitely consti- tutional question, and, because of that, is a definitely political issue. * K Kk * ‘Washington's favorite political in- door sport is detection of straws showing how the Coolidge 1928 wind is blowing. If the President does this, the Coolidge-will.run camp shouts “We told you so. If the President does that, the Coolidge-will-not-run outfit exclaims, “We told you so.” Just now one of the things being watched for, as a sign of the Coolidge times, i3 the vacancy on the Federal Trade Commission. By law, it must be filled with a Democrat. The man vho left the vacancy, J. F. Nugent, former United tes Senator ‘from Idaho, is a candidate to succeed him- self. He is a Woodrow Wilson pro- gressive Democrat. He represented the Middle Northwest on the commis- sion. If reappointed, politicians will interpret his selection as a sign that Coolidge is making an unmistakabl bid for Western progressive good will. Nugent stood shoulder to shoulder with Huston Thompson, former chair- man of the commission, on anti- monopoly policies. Senators Glass and Swanson of Virginla are backing John Garland Pollard, Williamsburs lawyer, for the commission appoint- ment. * ok K K “Young Charlie” Taft, son of the | Chief Justice of the United States, made a tremendous hit as an orator upon his recent appearance at the jubilee meeting of the Washington Y. M. C. A. If he wins his first big case, as public_prosecutor of Hamil- ton County at Cincinnati—the trial of George Remus, beotleg king, for mur- der—7Taft's admivers predict he'll vault overnight into national prom- inence, with high Ohio honors and then naticnal distinction, later on, within his reach. “Charlie,” who's just turned 30, has begun just where his celebrated dad started—in the Cin. cinnati_prosecutor’s office, Like his progenitor, the youngster has de- Veloped a flair for politics, skill at the par and talent as a public speaker. * ok ok Kk James Montgomery Beck, Repre- sentative-elect from the Vare district of Philadelphia, has many claims to WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. It is not =0 much a style as a res a product rather than a form. | Philadelphia court's decree were to be generally enforced any number of Washington statesmen might find themselves disqualified. Many mem- bers of both houses who've become old- timers on Capitol Hill long have lived here in their own dwellings. Henry Cabot Lodge looked upon Washington, rather than Nahant, as his real home. Philander . Knox registered Pit burgh as his home, although he lived most of the time either in his big Washington house or at his estate in Valley Forge, * kX K About a vear ago Senator James Couzens, Republican, of Michigan re- fused to contribute to the Detroit Y. M. C. A. because “Y" officials had withdrawn an invitation to Will cen, president of the American I eration of Labor, to speak in the auditorfum. The other day Couzens sent his check for $200,000 to the De- troit community fund, doubling his usual subscription, “because of your policy of not soliciting subscriptions from” workmen, owing to the uncm ployment existing in our city."” * ok ok ok F';lpf. “Andy” Furuseth, the grim viking of the Seamen’s Union, which s tilting at the Shipping Board for tryving to convert American Ic into “involuntary servitude,” is vears old, but is as full of fight mariner 30 years his junior. Senator Henrik Shipstead of Minncsota, a fel- low Scandinavian, says Furuseth is “the smartest man in the United t “Andy” was born in Norway, but has lived in this country 47 years He sailed before the mast \\'hll(f still a boy and knows the sea- man’s trials and tribulations from stem to stern. By a coincidence Furu- seth now takes up the cudgels against the Government department at the head of which a worl kingman of the .‘ll‘llvl!l also stationed. T. V. O'Connor, chairman of the Shipping Board, is a longshoreman by trade and the re- vered president of the Dockers’ Union, * ok ok ok of William Jennings ave hovered o'er a spell Who was orating in Washington on the subject of progressive ment of the Fede Govern. ment upon States’ rights. If that invasion is not checked,” he declaimed, “there will he no angel to roll buck the stone from the tomb of our lih- erties: there will be no Easter morn- ing after the crucifixion of the Con. stitution!” Senator Ashurst of Ar zona, one of the acknowledged ma ters of English in Congress, believes the language is original, and described it, in any’ event, as brilliant. But some of those who heard it thought it reminded them of something which had thrilled them before. (Copyright. 1927.) UNITED STATES N WORLD WAR Ten Years Ago Today The spirit Bryan must hinde Gen. Pershing tells newspaper cor- resopndents at the front that troops and supplies are arriving in greatly increasing numbers. e states that the submarine to date has not claimed the life of a single American soldier on_troop ships bound for France. * * ¢ The first American officer and private wounded in the war have been mentioned in French dispatches and Dresented with citations. ¢ * * Se- distinction, but none so unique as the probability that he'll be “Investigated” almost before he takes his seat in the House. Two or three days before the recent election the Common Pleas Court of Philadelphia decided that a member of Congress must have an actual, and not merely a formal, domicile in the district which he es- says to represent at Washington. For the past three or four years Beck has lived in a home of his own at Wash- ington. In addition, he maintains a Summer place at Seabright, N.,J. Last year he established a ‘“‘voting address” in Philadelphia. 1f the cret Service agents unearth huge stores of food and supplies in New York City. Total estimated value of $75,000,000, enough food of substantial kind to feed an army of 4,000,000 for 8everal weeks. * * * The baking in- dustry of the country is to be put on a war basis on December 10, under governmental regulations. Loaves to be standardized and bakers must ac- cept a formula prepared by the Food Administration. * ¢ * President is expected to propose a definite plan to the American Federatign of Labor whereby strikes ma avoided and war production spe NOVEMBER 11, {and to world politic to maintain 4 temper and work out a | |it 1927. PHILOSOPHIES BY GLENN FRANK Yesterday I suggested that there is nothing in common between Chris- tlanity and the cult of racialism, and that ventures in race consciousness {and race discrimination run counter to the trans-racial philosophy of the Founder of Christianity This does not mean that Chris- tianity and the church that expresses it have nothing to contribute to our ndling of the vexatious problem of race. There are two major questions in volved in the race problem: “irst, there is a question of scien- tifie fact. What are the facts about the race: Are some races by nature eternally superior and other races eternally in- ferior? 1f have our researches been extensive enough and enough to enable us to say with scien- tific accuracy which is which? ppens when radically_different ra- 1 stocks intermarry? What are the biological effects of race mixture? Second, there is a question of social procedure, What are we to do with the facts about race character and race mixture after we find them? In what temper and by what technique are we to re te these facts to national policies Is it possible technique in handling race facts— whatever they may finally turn out to be—that will diminish rather than increase race tension and the threat of an ultimate color w On the first of these questions—the question of scientific fact—Christian- has no contribution to make. Jesus was not a biologist and He n ate the researches of anthropologists. If we want to know the facts about race character and race mixture, we must zo to the labo- ta not to the cathedral. Chris- is not a substitute for research. neither a bio- xt book nor a manual of an- thropology. The Christian and the atheist are alike dependent upon the scientist for information in these mat- ters. It is as fruitless to loko to the New Testament for a detailed program for race relations as, to expect to find in its pages a draft of an eight-hour- day law or an engineering plan for the disposal of the sewage of Chicago. It is on the second of these ques- tions—the question of social proce- dure—that Christianity has something to say. Christianity cannot help us to find the facts about race character and race mixture, but Christianity can help us to face the facts in a temper and with a technique that will heln rather than hinder the development of a happy and harmonious civilization. In other words, the thing Christianity has to contribute toward a solution of the race problem is not information, but a point.of view. wo things, among many others, mark the fundamental philosophy of | Christianity—its contention that moral | values are supreme in private lives | and in public affairs, and its reverence for personality, for the individual hu- man being. These two fundamental points of view brought to the handling of the scientific facts of race character and race relations would remake world politics and probably save humanity from another world war. (Copyright. McClur Newspaper Syndicate.) Armistice Day Plea Against War Is Made To the Editor of The Star: After four years of the most deso- | 1ating war of all history, carried on over a greater territory er number of men engaged, more powerful engines of destruction than the world had ever known; after millions of the world’s best had been slain and more millions had _been maimed and battle scarred for life; and after material losses beyond imagi- nation there came a blessed peace. Suddenly, at the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month of the year 1918, the din of war and the sereeching and bursting shells were silent, the vibrant lips of the cannon were stilled and there settled over the land the hush of dawn. The armi- stice, a truce, an agreement for the tion of hostilitic peace should be discussed, had been signed by all the powers engaged in the war. Still there remained the ravaged earth, the drifting clouds of poisonous gases, the desolated hearths and homes, the unnumbered dead, the millicns of shattered lives, the mil- lions of yearning hearts and all the wreck of w the yea er, Lieut. Col. John D. Me ing the appeal of the heroic dead | -esting in Flanders’ fields: In Flanders' fields the poppies blow | Between the Crosses, row on ro That mark our place,” ete., ete In this appeal, the writer of the| poem pictures the scene where they e sleeping, forces upon our con- jousness the fact that a short time o they lived and loved and were \fected by dawn and sunset and other | charms of earth the same as we. Then | he asks us to take up the quarrel, passes to us the torch of Freedom with the injunction to hold it high and declares that if we break faith with them, they will not sleep. B America replies throush R. W. Lil- rd. Ile tells the Flanders dead to| est in peace. that we have entered | the contest, that we have causht the | torch, that 10,000,000 hands will hold it high and that Freedom's light shall | continue to shine. Americans, we stilf have our work | to do, and we must be loyal to our| trust. In the name of the mothers ind daughters who gave their loved ones to the deadly gases, the bulle and the famine: in the name of the fathers and sons whose mangled and hroken bodies are living certificate: of their valor and of the horrors of war: in the name of the immortal dead slumbering in forgotten graves, and i the name of all the lovers of liberty and law in every land and of every age, let us pledze ourselves to stand for the outlawing of war, that an_armistice may continue forever and that peace may abide on the| earth. J. MILFORD McKEE. o Urges Standard Plan Of Numbering Houses | To the Editor of The Star: In vour editorial in The Star of November 9 entitled “House Num- bers” you have taken leadership. You | have written a_comprehensive state- ment of fact. Houses should pe num- bered unmistakably, and, as you say “distinct! plain enough to en ¢ person who passes to read them readil; re scems to he no uniformity as to house numbering. 1 do not mean as to types of flgures but as to the places where the num- bers appear. Sometimes it is over the front door; sometimes it is on a porel: post; sometimes it Is beneath the steps. ‘There is open a field for standardization of house numbering. First, “distinetly,” and secondly, in a place where the eye may customarily look for it. "1 have traveled afoot through many cities and the condition which you mention is not alone common to Washington, but is universally neg- lected elsewhere. Builders should heed vour wise and progressive ad- monition. LOUIS V. WOULFE. —_—————————— Jackson Oldest as President. The oldest President of the United States at the time of taking office was William Henry Harrison, according to an answered question in the Liberty magazine. He was 68 years and 23 days old when inaugurated. Andrew Jackson attained the greatest age in office—69 years and 354 days. Kb critical | What | | ing them in hermetically sealed, or until terms of | And still down throuzh | | tious, i the BY FREDERIC) Q. Please give the English transla- tions of the mottoes of land and Belgium.—A. B. A. Germany—God with - Netherlands—I will maintain; | gilum—Union makes strength. Q. Is any chemical used in dissolv- ing leaves into leaf mold in one or two seasons’—N. McD, A. No chemical is used for dissolv- ing leaves into leaf mold. They are |12aped in a pile and allowed to ferment for one or two years, If they be- | come dry at any time, water should be added in order to hasten fermen- tation, Q. What was Paul Revere's rank | during the Revolution?—W. C. A. He rose to the rank of lieutenant colonel of artillery Q. Which of the two Talmadge sisters, Norma and Constance, is the taller’—S. W. A. Constance is 3 inches taller than her sister Norma, being 5 feet 5 inches in height. Q. Within what distance should it be possible to stop a car going 23 | miles an hour?—J. J. A. A car with good two-wheel | brakes should be stopped within 58 | teet, according to some traffic ex- perts. The stopping distances adopt- ed by the “National Code on Brake land Brake Testing.” however, give 77 feet for the 25-mile-an-hour speed. Q. I know that a male swan is a cob, a baby swan a_cygnet, but would like the name for the adult female.— A.G.F. In the language of swan herds emale swan is called a pen. Q. When was_the gate-leg table first made?—S. S A. It was first developed during the part of the Jacobean period, y after 1600. Q. Is it true that thousands of sol- diers deserted from the American Army while in France?—J. H. S. A. Among more than 2,000,000 men who went overseas there were but approximately 1,200 deserters. Q. What are cove oysters?—J. E. N, A. Before a system had been de- veloped for the safe transportation of fresh oysters to remote parts of the country, a method was devised of steaming the bivalves and pack- irtight, cans, These are known as -ove oysters,” and are popular even where fresh oysters can be had. Q. How many toes has an os- trich?—A. R. A. The ostrich has only two toes, corresponding to the third and fourth of other birds. The outer toe is much smaller and frequently has no claw. Q. How much paper money is de- stroyed annually by the Government on account of the money being worn out or unfit for circulation?—W. E. R. A. During the year ending October 31, 1927, $502,000,000 in currency was macerated by the Treasury. Q. What city is known as the “In- ternational City”?—N. B. A. Shanghai is often called the “In- ternational City.” It is controlled and governed by the treaty powers. Yellow, black, brown and white live there in a fair degree of harmony. Q. At the races do the horses ever get off before post time?—L. L. A. They do not. Q. Please give “Taps.”—J. K. R. A. “Love, good night, west thou go; When the day and the night need thee so; all is well, speedeth all to their rest. Fades the light, and after goeth day, and the star shineth bright. FFare thee well, day has gone, night is on.” Q. Is the smallest of our coins des- ignated a penny or a cent?—C. A. R. the words for | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS K J. HASKIN. colloquially but incorrectly to desig- nate the one-cent Q. How can shell spectacle fr be mended?—W:. J. c,r S A. The so-called frames are generally made of cellu- 1id and an effective way to repair them is to apply a drop of glacial id to the broken ends, then minutes press the ends to- gether gently and lay the frame aside for an hour or two. cid partly dissolves the material and makes stick. When the acid evaporates ( shell hardens again, and the joint, if properly made, should be as strong as new. Glacial acetic acid may blister the skin if allowed to get on it and the odor may cause annovance, but there will be no bad afte ffects un less the vapors are breathed for t iong a time. shell spectacle Q. What 10 cities in this country had the lar: ring _house ceipts last ye R. E. A. The New York Clearing Ho says that the following 10 cities in United States had the lar el house exchanges during the i ptember 30, 19 ew York 1li.; Philadelph! an Franci Los Ange Calif ansas City, Mo., and i Ne g0, P; Mass.; &l Mie Mo. 0, £ Detroit St. Loui; Q. Can diplomatic representatives of other countries be ar Can ours be A. The p sentatives is clearly defined in int national law. Th re provi the law which practically rendc lomatic representati mmune arrest and service of judicial pro ings. However, there are some r: cations of this law. United representatives to have the same privile diplomatic agents have in the U States. Q. Can a Pennsylvania Railroa locomotive pull 20 Pullman cars rate of 70 miles an hour?—J. M. A. The Pennsylvania Railroad say its mountain_type locomotive, s M-1, is capable of hauling 20 Pullman cars, or 23 of its 70-foot steel coaches on straight level tracks at a speed of 70 miles an hour. Q. dip- Is it true that there are no snakes in Ireland?—J. H. P. A. Snakes are not indigenous to the soil or climate of Ircland and, therefore, have never existed there. However, a snake was recently found in Ireland and is now in the museum at Dublin. It is of a small and harm- less variety. Q. When were levees first buiit at New Orleans?—M. A, A. The first levees were begun in 1717. Only small earthen dykes of from four to six feet in height were then necessary to confine the river at flood time. Q. Ts Richard Arlen the actor's real name?—F. A. His name is Richard Van Matte. more, and he was born in Charlottes- ville, Va., 25 years ago. Q. Who wrote “The Pearl”? What Is it?—S. N. A. The authorship is unknown. It is_supposed that “Sir Gawain” and “The Pearl” are by the same person. The latter is an elegy. Q. Where, besides on the Gulf of Mexico, is there but one tide a day?— F. P. M. A. Among other places at which there usually but one tide a day may be mentioned St. Michael, Alaska; Do-Son, French Indo-China; Batavia, Java, and Manila, P. I. What do you meed to know? Is there some point about your business or personal life that puzzles you? Is there something. you want to know without delay? Submit your question to Frederic J. Haskin, director of our Washington information bureaw. He is employed to help you. Address your A. One-cent piece is the official des- ignation for the lowest denomination coined by the United States Govern- ment. The term penny is often used Public attention has been focused anew on the grade-crossing problem by the Supreme Court decision hold- ing that a railroad cannot be held re- sponsible for what happens to a mo- torist who tries to cross tracks with- out first finding out whether a train is coming. It is assumed generally that this word from the highest court will tend to make motorists more cau- but there is difference of opinion as to the probable effect on the railroads. Some observers think it will stimulate the movement to eliminate grade crossings; others fear that with responsibility so definitely placed upon persons who get in the way of trains there may be a let- down in precautions taken by the rail- roads themselves. Quoting Justice Holmes' statement that “if the driver relies upon not hearing the train or any signal, and takes no further precaution, he does so at his own risk,” the Atlanta Jour- nal states: “Nothing could well be plainer. What of its effect? Cer- tainly it should have some deterring influence on all save the incorrigibly careless. * * * The court's deci sion gives new meaning and authority to 'Stop, look, listen.”” The Brook- Iyn Daily Eagle adds that “motor- ists know how easy a stop is for them when they are going at any rational speed in approaching a grade cross- ing, and they can guess how difficult a stop is for a train going ) miles an hour, or even 40 miles. “If the motorist hasn't a good view of the track: if he is not sure that the track is clear, it is his business to get out of his car and make sure that there is no danger in crossing,” says Waterloo Tribune in discussing the effect of the decision, and the Lin- coln Star expresses the view that “90 per cent of all the accidents at crossings which result fatally could he avoided if the drivers exercised the e which the Supreme Court de- clares is necessary. It seems to the Nashville Banner that “the principle involved is no dif- ferent from that which has been e pounded for years by automobile clubs, safety associations and newspapers from one end of the country to the other,” and it suggests that “it is cer- tainly possible construction under existing circumstances. Grade ** continues the Banner, “are them should be removed for years yet, it ever, and the railroads cannot be expected to more than reason- able precautions.” It is because driv- ers will not observe a simple rule of safety, declares the Los Angeles Ex- press,” “that the taxpayers and the railroads between them are forced to spend millions upon millions of dol- lars for grade separation.” * ok KK sult of this wide-sweep- ing opinion,” as viewed by the Louis- ville Courier-Journal, “will be that reckless drivers will mot be able to collect damages from railroads.” That paper holds that “too frequently the railroads have been penalized for no fault of thei Nevertheless the St. Paul Dispatch emphasizes the conclusion that “the Supreme . Court has not issued a de- cree that the sole responsibility for safety at grade crossings rests upon the motorist. What it has done,” says the Dispatch, “is to define a standard of conduct for, motorists approaching B “The net inquiry to The Evening Star Informa- tion Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, di- rector, Washington, D. C., and inclose 2 cents in stamps for return postage. Supreme Court Rule on Grade Crossings Stirs Wide Opinion grade crossings. It has declared in general terms what the courts hence- forth shall consider due precaution on the part of the motorist. The distinc- tion ought to be apparent. But if the Supreme Court’s opinion is ambigu- ous or leaves room for dangerous in- terpretations, it ought to be clarified by the court. This newspaper pro- tests against the implication that this decision relieves the railroads of their share in responsibility for safety at grade crossings, or that it offers either the railroad or the public any excuse to dodge their joint obligation for abating the grade crossing's menace.” Yet, asks the Milwaukee Journal: “Will it not serve to cause the 3 roads to be less diligent in their ef- forts to end crossing accidents and to develop crossing protection? ‘b would be the status of a c: motorist climbed out of his car, de cided that he had a clear track and then a train came around a hend and hit him as he drove upon the cross. ing? It looks as though, under this ruling, the only time the railroad could be liable would be when tie engine jumped the track and ran down the road after the motorist.” And the San Bernardino Sun re marks, “If the railroads are no longer interested to the point of correcting such situations with lessened spec: and other precautions, we are fearful of what the results will be.” * ok ok ok Similar suggestions come from the Miami Daily New: “Many railway crossings are left with the view from the highway unnecessarily obstruct- ed,” says the Florida paper. “Some of these instances are so obvious as to be almost criminal. In many cases the quagtity of tratfic over a crossing would justify the use of gates or sig- nal lights where no such thing is pro vided. The Supreme Court decision does not absolve the railways from ob- ligations in these respects. The pos- sibilities in the way of effective auto- matic crossing signals have not been exhausted.” On the other hand, the South Bend Tribune, mentioning safeguards al- ready adopted, expresses the view that it is unlikely that the railroads will interpret the ruling as an excuse for failure to reduce hazards at less im- portant crossings.” Many newspapers look forward to the launching of new measures for re- ducing the number of grade crossings. “The decision cannot but be a stimul m]\this movement,” a e New York Evening World. .. The San Antonio Express notes that the opinion upholds the States’ ‘stop’ laws, which, though failing to prevent or even greatly reduce grade-crossing accidents, have the merit of fi ing the re.;s;;)n!lbllllly on the motorist.” © opinion, as explained by Philadelphia Evening B?xllet:n, is af\‘x‘\e an application ot the principle of ‘due care’ which is as old as the law,” and that paper also avers that “as a mat- ter of public policy, railroad grade crossings should be eliminated wher- ever practicable and more effective means of warning and protection should be installed.” The Chicago Daily News says that “track eleva- tion will continue, one must think, if governing bodies negotiate in the right spirit with the railroads affected, dis- play reasonable firmness and pass fair ordinances, specifying the terms of the improvements.”