Evening Star Newspaper, November 7, 1927, Page 8

3 E EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY November 7, 1927 THEODORE W. NOYES The Evening Star Newsyp Bu per Company aness Otfice: The Zveninz Star with the Sunday morn edition 18 delivered by ity at 60 cents per 45 cents ver month: Nundavs cnly per month, Orders may be telephone Main 3000, Colir a and h moni Rate by Mail—I : 1 mo. T8¢ 10: 1 mo., Ko $300° 1 mo.. Daile Daily Sinday iy All Other States and Canada. 5.1 vr. S12.00: 1 mo. $1.00 71 vel TSR 00: 1 mo.. J3erl S400: 1 mo. Dativ and_Sund <s is exclusivoly entitled tioa of all news dis- not otherwise cred- also the local news s of publication Are also reserved. dited 1o i this paper and pablished he of epe The sury System. The American jury system, which is just now subject of a country-wide discussion because of the withdrawa of the panel in the nelair case as a result of suspicion of espionage over the jurymen conducted by the defense, is a direct adaptation from the English system of common law trials. The function of the jury has completely changed from its begin- ning. Originally those persons from the vicinity of the crime or other cause of trial who had knowledge of the matter were summoned to court to state upon oath what the common opinion of the neighborhood was as to the facts which formed the basis of the criminal charge to be tried, or of the right to possession or enjoy- ment of land which was at issue, these being the typical cases of early da It was early established that twelve “substantial” men were a sufficient number to determine this question. As litigation grew more extensive and as courts came to have wider jurisdic- tion it was found that the attendance of twelve persons acquainted with the facts of each cause to be tried would impose an intolerable burden upon the community and the plan was develop- ed of submitting legal controversies to the decision of impartial juries, sworn to determine the facts in issue upon testimony given under oath by witnesses summoned by both sides. Thus at the outset jurors were chosen because of their knowledge of the facts and of the opinion of the community. A great change has taken place. Jurors are chosen because of their lack of knowledge of the facts and of public opinion, especially be- cause they have themselves no set opinions. In the winnowing out of veniremen the entertainment of a fixed opinion is the most frequent cause of rejection. Prejudice, rela- tionship in business, kinship in any degree exclude a person from the panel. % In earller times it was not difficult to secure a jury composed of men who had no knowledge of the case and had formed no opinions, for the spread of news was narrow and many persons i has followed the mild weather during which the heavy rains fell that caused the floods, and the situation of the survivors of the disaster mow in the srip of dangerous temperatures is | grave. Rellef always flows in abundant volume and promptly to those who thus suffer from catastrophe. But it {must be started speedily, else those | who escape the rush of the waters may perish from exposure and lack of shelter. It is not a case where the refugees can be herded in the open, as | could be done in the Mississippi flood |regions. They must be housed and cared for in the face of a severe cli- mate. In some of the stricken distriets there is danger of pestilence, due to the fact that the ordinary drinkins water supplies have been swept away and the people have been driven to using other waters, which have been contaminated. There must be thou- {sands in this peril, and it is one of the first essentials of relief that they be rescued from Shis danger. Red Cross rellef is assured. There may be no occasion for a public sub- scription for the purchase and dis- tribution of supplies. The States in vhich the disaster occurred may be able themselves to furnish the re- quirements of shelter, clothing and food. But if the word is sounded, if a call is made for assistance, there will be an outpouring of funds comparable with that of the devastating waters themselves. No amount of giving now can restore the lives that have been lost, but the generosity of the people can, in case of need, lessen the suffer- ings of those who have been spared, and that is assured. Keep the Y. W. C. A. Going! The Young Women's Christian As- sociation is asking the men and women of Washington to subscribe to the amount of §60,000 for the maintenance fund for 1928 to cover the cost of operating the greatly enlarged facili- ties in the six centers of this organi- zation, which is rendering a valuable service for this community. These centers are serving a constantly in- creasing number of young women and girls, particularly at the new main building, at the corner of Seventeenth and K streets. This building, splen- didly equipped and second to none in the country in this service, has been financed, built and put to actual use within two years through the gener- osity of the people of Washington, who are now asked to make it possible for the association to give the where- withal for its fullest service. Not less than ten thousand women are employed by the Government alone within three blocks of this cen- tral building, and thousands more pass it in the course of a day. In a single week recently more than 18,000 young women and girls made use of the va- rious buildings and facilities of the assoclation. The membership fees of the organi- zation are only one dollar a year. This nominal sum cannot possibly cover the cost of operation and main- tenance. From certain of the activ- ities there is, of necessity, no income whatever. There is thus a margin of expense which must be met by the community, in the form of subscrip- tions. Evidence of a great and growing service to Washington is afforded by the records of the.association’s work. were unaware of happenings that are today the commonplaces of public in- formation. Now with a high degree of literacy in this country, with the voluminous issue of newspapers, Wwith the extensive publication of facts and conjectures concerning criminal cases, with the freedom of discussion.that precedes trial, it is next to impossible to find in any community twelve intelligent persons who are not more or less acquainted with the circum- stances and who have not in some degree formed opinions regarding the guilt or innocence of those who may be accused of crime. Originally the jury considered ques- tions of law as well as of fact, and indeed in this country up to a com- paratively recent date the doctrine by which this was permitted was sustained. It was not until 1895 that the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in agreement with Chief Justice Mitchell of Pennsylvania, whose opinion was rendered in 1891, that it is the duty of the jury in eriminal cases to receive the law from the court and to apply it as given by the court. Unanimity of the verdict is an essential feature of the jury system as known to English law and has been expressly so decided by the Supreme Court of this country. A few of the States have modified the system by providing for juries of less than twelve and for verdicts rendered by a vote less than unanimous. In con- sequence of the unanimity require- ment mistrials through _failures of juries to agree upon a verdict have been frequent. Much of the conges- tion in the courts and the delays in the administration of justice may be attributed to this requirement. ‘The sanctity of the jury is one of the fundamentals of the system. Interferemce with the free judgment of the twelve persons sitting as inter- preters of the facts is rightly regarded by the public as a most heinous offense, deserving the severest punish- ment. Under the law of unanimity it 18 necessary only by coercion or cor- ruption to influence one person to prevent conviction, and this possibility, offering such strong temptation to a guilty defendant, evokes the highest indignation on the part of the com- munity when suspicion arises that this criminal enterprise been undertaken. —— Circumstances arise when one sleuth has to go out and try to catch an- other. R Distress Follows Floods. Keen suffering has been caused by the floods in New England. Several thousand people have been driven from their homes, the bulldings them- selves destroyed in many cases, Farms have been covered by water. ¥a tories have been wrecked and the em- ployes put out of work. All the ordi- nary activities of life in an area of During. the past year more than 4,950 women and girls were supplied with ocomfortable rooms at reasonable rates, within their means. At one desk dloné, ‘in the downtown center, ap- proximately 24,000 telephone calls for information were received and an- swered. Not less than tv.enty-seven outside organizations in the city have already made use of the new K street building since last May. The Y. W. C. A. places at the dis- posal of unlimited numbers of women and girls in Washington recreational, educational, social and religious ad- vantages of the highest type. Its work is to build a fine American wom- anhood, developing business, profes- sional, civic and home interests among thousands of the women of tomor- row. To sustain this invaluable work, to keep it on its present high plane of value and efficiency, and to insure its expansion, call for the liberal dona- tions of the people of the Capital, and when the present campaign for main- THE EVENING STAR., WASHINGTON, cent answered yes, twenty-four per cent no, seven per cent did not reply, and the remainder stated that they made no shipments. Another question was, “Do you believe this plan will be of advantage to you individually and to the community collectively?” More than eighty per cent of those answer- ing were affirmative Other questionnaires have been in- stituted with the same general results. Thus the subject is heing canvassed and there is a prospect that in the near future the experiment will be tried of making at least the larger transfers of goods, those borne by heavy trucks, during the night hour when the ordinary traffic is at a mini- mum. This will add to the noise in the streets during the hours of sleep, but most of this heavy trucking is through the mercantile district where there is a minimum of residences. Every large city has this problem to greater or less degree. Washington has not suffered noticeably from it yet, but street conditions here are such as to make it a possible question of importance in the near future. Much of the traffic congestion here now is due to the presence of large trucks and vans which must be backed to the curbs, cutting off the ordinary traffic lines, causing diver- sions of the current and leading to jams and accidents, The adoption of a night schedule for heavy goods movements through the city would en- tail a complete revision of hours of labor. 1n view of the possibility of the increase of local traffic congestion beyond the present point the experi- ment of night deliveries in New York will be watched with interest here. ————— Paris waiters considered the substi- tution of fixed percentage charges on bills for tips. The fixed charges were to be collected by the management. The waiters preferred tips, the Ameri- can tourist being more liberal and reliable. ——————— If the new tax bill is written in ac- cordance with all the suggestions that have been made to the House ways and means committee during the hear- ings it will be a composite that will overtax the financial genius of Secre- tary Mellon to apply in practice. An Italian aviator 'has attained a speed of more than three hundred miles an hour, breaking all records. This, however, does not signify that the Atlantic will be crossed on the eastward course before Spring. ———————————— Bones of a ten-thousand-year-old mammoth herd have been found in New Mexico. Certain political ex- plorers hope soon to be able to regard the elephant as sufficiently extinct to justity their researches. Aol Some of the records said f have been seized in the recent detective round-up in this city indicate that the questionnaire put to veniremen shoujd include queries as to financial obliga- tions. o Shipment of a cargo of $11,000,000 in gold from New York to Brazil does not raise a flutter among the hijackers of the sea. There is still wet goods enough afloat to keep them busy. —————————————— One way to discourage crime waves would be to discover some method of satisfying public curiosity without promoting the criminal as a pic- turesque figure in attention. e s et Ot e In his experiments with new mecha- nism even Henry Ford demonstrates a respectful attitude toward the adage, “It is mever too late to learn.” —_——.——————— A substantial basis for peace might be reached by examining the treaties of the past and reducing them to a code commanding respect. r——— The oil juror who is approached by influential wealth makes a great mis- take if he allows himself to feel flat- tered instead of insulted. —_—————————— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Merciless M. D. Long, long ago, I said, “Some day I'll dine on viands rare, And have a wonderful display Upon my bill of fare.”” tenance funds for 1928 closes on Wed- nesday the full sum should be sub- scribed, proof of the recognition by the people of Washington of the service which the association renders. ———— ‘When base ball is over, foot ball begins. American sport is valuable in affording crowds to express public enthusiasm while silently thinking over matters of serious public impor- tance. ——— et Oil, prized as a lubricant, becomes conspicuously associated with friction that suggests very rough work. ———————— Night Deliveries to Aid Traffic. Traffic conditions in New York have become 8o serious that the delivery of goods by the merchants of the city has been serlously impeded and de- layed. Cost of deliveries has increased. This naturally goes back into the scale of prices at the shops. The conges- tion has reached the point at which merchants and manufacturers are now considering a change of schedule, confining their deliveries between the hours of eleven pm. and eight a.m. Such a change would necessarily rad- ically affect the whole industrial sys-: tem of the metropolis. To be prac- ticable it would have to be acceptable to steamship lines, railroads, express companies, labor organizations, truck- ing companies, merchants and manu- facturers. The plan s now under consideration before the City Commit- tee on Plan and Survey, and an inves- tigation is In progress to determine its feasibility. Recently the 34th Street Midtown Assoclation sent out to members a questionnaire. The first query was, “Could you and would you arrange your organization so that incoming merchandise can be received during the night or early morning hours?” Al- most eighty per cent of the answers were in the affirmative. Another ques: tion was, “Could you and would you many hundreds of square miles have been suspended. Moreover, this has occurred at a season of the year when ha elements are unpropitious. Cold 2 arrange your loading so that all out- Our hopes at last find sad defeat, The doctor says, “You must not eat.” 1 thought to lounge at ease and let The world go, drifting by, To read a book and quite forget The crowd's exciting cry. Again appeared that doctor, wise. Said he, “My boy, take exercise!” Larger Figures. “People should learn to practice economy. “0Ot course,” Sorghum. “There are still opportunities for a capable person. “Great opportunities. A young man may easily build up a respectable for- tune after he has saved up his first million dollars or so.” Dreams and Reality. He dreamt he dwelt in marble halls, Apart from every gloom. He hastens, when somebody calls, To the grand jury room. answered Senator Jud Tunkins says the aviator is lucky who can take as cheerful a photograph at the finish of the trip as he took at the start. City of Pleasures. “Many persons still go to Paris to find pleasure.” “Yes,” rejoined Miss Cayenne. “And, after all, what could be more pleasant than a timely divorce?” “Greatness,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “consists less in deeds than in deft appeal to public imagina- tion.” ‘Words and Music. We see, as years slip on their way, A change In song and story. The song is mostly jazz today— So is the oratory. Souvenir. “You have a fine mint patch.” “Yes,” agreed Uncle Bill Bottletop. “It has no practical value these days. I cherish it as a souvenir.” “When a man plays a hoss race,” going merchandise can be forwarded during the night or early morning hours?” Thirty-four and a half .per said Uncle Eben, “he mos' generally loses not only his money, but his self- comfidence."” e v one knows the talkative gen tleman’ from whom one simply ean- not set away. He generally catche his vietim when the latter nd insists on recounting thingz with infinite detail. “You see, it was this way,” gins, The experienced pef know what will follow. He has suffered be good listener,” as the X its bad points Peliteness is rightly T t in a civilized hum: and so it is, but it has its drawback and then, in no conneetion show strikingly than in relation to rforementioned Talker de Luxe, It one were not so confounded po- lite it would he easy enouzh to loose from him. no matter how firm grip he had upon the victim's button- hole, nor how earnestly he conversed This earnestness and this harsh grip would roll off the vietim like water off a duck’s back, leaving him free to say, “Well, old man, see you Jater, I must hurry along!” But it is, the polite being is too polite for his own good. | He must meet the enemy standing, like a man, and not welsh when the long-time comve tionist insi on working out the minute details of every little bit that enters into his recital. He must smile at the proper point. show keen interest when keen interest s demanded, and in other ways make it plain to the orator that he is listen- I—and this is the crux of what is demandcd of him—he must stay till the show is over. e Anything less is to insult a friend. R he be- He meets you on the corner. You see him coming, and willingly would melt away in the crowd, but ize that the chances for suc a bland liquidification are precisely nothing. Old Joe Jones has long eyes as well as a long tongue. He spots hi s tim half a block away, singling him out from a mixed crowd with pre- cision and vim. There is a lot of vim about Joe Jones. Even as you groaningly go forward to meet him you are willing to admit that Joseph A. Jones, esq., is a capable man and a good friend. He has traveled extensively, knows something ahout stocks and honds, owns his own home, knows how to take a radio set apart and put it back together again, has studied differen- tial calculus with some success, makes callers feel at home, pretends to know everything and everybody. Perhaps that is the trouble. He knows too much, and he remembers it all. The worst of it is that he in- sists on telling it all. Suppose he begins on such a simple thing as the sight of a man he met down the street. An ordinary man might_say, “Well, who do you sup- pose I met down there—nobody else but old Monty Hacksaw. ’Member him?” And when you should inform the ordinary man that you did recall cne Montesque Hacksaw, that would end it for the day. But here is the way old Joe Jones tells you about meeting Mr. Hacksaw! “T just met Monty Hacksaw down there in front of the Five-and-Dime. Did T ever tell you about that exciting experience I had with Hacksaw? The development of the 5-and-10 cent stores is a wonderful thing, isn't it? Once when I was a little feller—now let me see—I couldn’t have been much older than 5 years—no, I must have been 6 years old, because that was the year my dear old father pre- sented me with my first rifle. He wanted me to learn how to shoot, said every man ought to know how to hunt So_many national organizations of one kind or another now have their aeadquarters in Washington that an en- terprising real estate man has con ceived the idea of erecting for their exclusive use a huge modern office building. He intends calling it the “National Association Building.” If the scheme is carried out, the build- ing will rise in the midst of the down- town financial and Government office district. Nobody knows just how any national organizations actually te in Washington. Their num- bar certainly runs into the hundreds. They ramify into every imaginable field of politics, commerce, agriculture, trade, finance, labor, religion, educa- tion, peace, war, patriotism, ethics, morals, sport, art, science and human activity. Many of them are c-ank and fad concerns. In the majority of cases these organizations perform here for the purpose of bringing close- range influence to bear upon Congress and upon the administration. In many instances they are lobbies, pure and simple. In the aggregate they give employment to thousands of per. sons, and some of their ‘executivi secretaries” and ‘legislative agents” are paid salaries bigger than cabinet ministers receive. Some, like the Chamber of Commerce of the United States, Inhabit noble premises. * K oKk X Joseph' T. Robinson of Ar- Democratic leader in the States after spending two months ‘in South America. Together with Sen- ator Josse H. Metcalf, Republican of Rhode Island, he represented the United States, by appointment of the State Department, at the Interpar liamentary Union of Commerce at Rio de Janeiro in September. Robinson reports that the conference opened amid a visible atmosphere of hostility to the United States on the part of Latin American delegates, but that this® feeling was considerably i- pated as the meeting progressed. Iol- lowing the conference, Senator and Mrs. Robinson sailed to Buenos Aires and then crossed the Andes to San- tiago de Chile. They came north along the west coast by way of Peru. The Democratic Senate leader doesn’t think the time has come when the United States needs to consider a sec- ond American-built canal, to cross Nicaragua. He belleves the Panama diteh will be adequate for years to come, d * ok kK One of the wittiest women in Wash- ington is Mrs. Ollie M. James, widow of the Democratic senator —from Kentucky, who passed away during the close of his first term, in 1918, Somebody remarked to Mrs. James the other day, speaking of the grow- ing traffic congestion in the Capital, that the number of automobiles is increasing nowad “by leaps and bounds.” To which observation the vivacious Kentuckian rejoined, “Yes, and pedestrians nowadays survive by leaps and bounds, too * %k ok ok There's a_certain former ambassa- dor of the United States who brought back with him, from the post he re- cently adorned in lurope, a recipe for candy that can be eaten with impunity, without the slightest d ger of producing avoirdupols. He' made himself extremely popular in Washington society by supplying a number of his woman friends with reg- ular consignments of the anti sweets, An authority in the trade claims that since the reducing craze struck American womankind, les of chocolates and bonbons have spreciably fallen off. * ok X ¥ Rear Admiral il . Jones, president of the General Board of the Navy, will reach retirement age (64) on November 14 and thereupon leave the service to which he has some- | ot | D. ©C THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. jand fish and engage in the varlous | manly occupations. I tell you, there nothing in the world like hunting to | develop a boy. It brings him into cl contact with the earth, and helps build up his muscle. “I had a surprising lot of mus 6-year-old. I was 6, all right. b I remember how my fine old ane came over to see my s birthday, and - cold—well, something of suc day as today, although per- s just a trifle coider. It was cold- We didn't have f this modern steam heat, either. W t up in a cold room, and had to break the ice in the basin before we could wash our faces, and we were iucky to have any bowl to wash in at | all. These pampered children of th | day and age don’t know what it means » walk-10 miles to school every morn- nd 10 miles back in the evenin, ‘oday a child gets an electric tra | for Christmas, and his father has twice as much fun with it as the kid. but in my day all T got was a couple of oranges and a piece of stick candy, and T was just as happy over it the modern boy with his electric train. “I was 6 years old when my father presented me with that rifle, and told me to go bring him home a rabbi I went out into the woods, all by my- solf, boys weren't afraid to do such things then, and the snow was up o We don't have such s more. Why, I can re- call a blizzard that walled us in for | weeks, as T remember. It must have heen in the February of '87—now let | me see, it must have been the 16th | and 17th of February, 1887. “A few wild pigeons flew over our house the day before—no, t couldn't have been so, because the last big_flight of the wild pigeons was in '77, wasn't it? We had apple pie for supper that night, and it was real apple pie, not the junk you get now- adays when you ask for apple pie. “It was precisely at 4:30 o'clock on that cold January afternoon that Aunt Bess—no, let me see, it was not Aunt Bess, but Aunt Harriet. There were two relations in our family that all the children were very fond of, Aunt Bess and Aunt Harriet. Aunt Bess was the one who always had cookies in the big blue crock on her pantry shelf. Aunt Harriet had a gray crock with red lines around it, and generally kept it filled with gin- gerbread in the shape of soldiers and so on. “Aunt Bess would take us into her pantry and point up to the gray jar with the red lines on it—now let me see, was it Aunt Bess or Aunt Harriet that had that crock, maybe it was old Aunt Mary, same name as the one Riley wrote about; she was much older than the other aunts, and we didn’t s¢e as much of her, but all of us chil- dren were fond of her, probably be- cause she made it a point to have plenty of punkin pie when the boys came over. “I believe T like punkin pie better than any other kind, although very few peaple know how to make it any more. They don’t cook the punkin long enough to bring out its flavor, then they try to make up for it by putting in a lot of spices, I call it spice pie, nowad: ‘Well, anyway, what can you expect in this day and age when ‘people do nothing but ride around in automobiles and go to the movies? Why, a feller down the street there came within an ace of running into me. I was coming across the street, he made a right-hand turn, right into me, didn’t blow his horn or nothing, just sneaked up to me, and believe me, if T didn't still have good legs T wouldn’t be here talking to vou now! But to get back to Monty Hack saw.” WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. been attached since he entered An- napolis 47 years ago. Admiral Jone: friends feel that he quits the Navy' laurel-crowned, for it was to no in- considerable extent his merit that Uncle Sam stood fast at the late la- mented Geneva Conference against agreements that might have reduced our fleet to a point of dangerous in- feriority. Naval authorities hope that ways and means may be found of further utilizing Admiral Jones’ abili- ties. There’s bound to be another Geneva attempt at naval limitation. The United States is sure to partici- pate, and Jones’ experience, even though he be on the retired list, would prove incomparably valuable on that occasion. The admiral is a Virginian. His wife is one of the well known Lippincotts of Philadelphia. * K ok X Dr. Vernon L. Kellogg, permanent secretary of the National Research Council, confesses to a passion not commonly identified with a man of science. His favorite outdoor sport is horseshoe pitching. - Two or three vears ago President Coolidge called a ational conference on outdoor pas- times. The Florida branch of the National Association of Horseshoe Pitchers appointed Dr. Kellogg its official delegate to the conference, and he so functioned, Kellogg is as close a personal friend as Herbert Hoover has. Perhaps some day he'll induce the Secretary of Commerce to go in at least for horseshoes as an outdoor exercise. Hoover, like Coolidge, never wastes any time on sport. * ok ok K The National Railways of Mexico, which are owned to a very consid Jle extent by American and British investors, have invited that celebrated Iloosier-born transportation wizard, Sir Henry W. Thornton, president of the Canadian National Railways, to come to Mexico and look their rail problems over. Thornton plans to go there this month, make an inspection sting several weeks, and recommend tal changes in operating man- agement. The vast Canadian system which Thornton directs is said to he, in point of mileage, the largest in the world. It happens to be the owner of the Central Vermont Railroad, which pierces the heart of the stricken flood area around Montpelier. The Cana- dian National is also the proprietor of lines running through Minnesota. Michigan, Indiana and Illinois. As Thornton’s road belongs to the people of Canada, its holdings of right-of-way and other American realty is almost a_unique example of property ownei ship within another nation’s domain. (Copyright, 1027.) UNITED STATES IN WORLD WAR Ten Years Ago Today German artillery pours a con- tinuous rain of shells around the American positions in the front line trenches. Looked like the forerunner of another raid, but none developed. The Americans returned the hombardment in full measure. « * * Big spurt in recruiting attributed to news of American losses in front line trenches. More than 1,000 men enlist in single day. * * * Treasury Department announces that subscrip- tions to the second Liberty loan total $4,617,532,.300 and 9,500,000 persons ibseribed in varying amounts. Sol- diers and sailors take more per capita than civilians. * * * Marked decrease t sinkings for past week. ight vessels of over 1,600 tons * * Secretary Lansing an- nounces safe arrival at a British port of the American commissioners to the allied war conference to be held in Paris November 15 i MONDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1927. Urges Protection Against Temptation | To the Editor of The Star: While the Association of Bankers is in Washington, at the call of the National Crime Commission, may I through your valuable paper, call its | attention” to the punishment meted | out to the serpent for tempting Eve | se, and fo the | whic |in the Garden of Parad part of the Lord's Pr “Deliver us not into temptation” | The modern child sees caudy on| | counters, where it can be brushed off | {in passing; fruit on display in easy | | veach, money on newspaper stands, ! cad and milk on every ep. Children's banks, full of money, sit. | ing exposed; money in banks in easy | each, unlocked autos, bicycles. Peaple count large sums of money in plain view of the public, place it ir their pockets, and mingle with the crowd. Shouldn't we punish the tempter and deliver the child not into tempta- tion? If a child is caught stealing an apple, he is ted and a record kept in the Juvenile Court. After several offenses, he is branded as a thief and becomes hardened and goes after larger game, as he has the blame. The messenger, route agent and in- surance company are the losers in many cases. Arresting a boy is a detestable job. And why should the police watch and protect property wantonly exposed? It would seem as sensibie to place vour purse and diamonds on your doorstep and demand that they be given police protection. Can't the money in a bank be kept out of sight? sums be placed in envelopes, with the amount stamped on_the outside and counted in a booth in the bank building? ~ MARY E. SLATTERY. SE—— Duck Hunting Laws Assailed as Urffair To the Editor of The Star: ‘Wild ducks were very plantiful and were sufficiently protected by the 1926-7 game laws, with which the ma- jority of duck hunters were satisfied, but, owing to a privileged few whose ambition was to monopolize the duck- ing shores and privileges, new laws were made under the disguise of game protection. Now the unfortunate indi- vidual, even though he is a taxpayer, who does not belong to a duck clgb or own a portion of river shore iff our so-called free country will be arrested if he attempts to kill a duck from a | boat, which was his only means of securing one for his table. Yet hun- dreds of ducks may be killed daily from the blinds of duck clubs or of shore owners in favorable locations. ‘Who owns the wild ducks? Should not all citizens of the United States have equal hunting rights? Under the new law certain locations are per- mitted the use of sink boxes, from which hundreds of ducks are killed, while in other sections it is a viola- tion of the law to use any floating device for that purpose, The laws displaying so much par- tiality have caused great dissatisfac- tion, involving the governors as well as the residents of Maryland and Vir- ginia. The change in the Maryland law is the cause of much of the con- troversy. The State now requires a $15 hunting fee from citizens of the District of Columbia, and yet provides no place where a man may hunt with- out being liable to arrest. It is hoped that the governors will reach a decision which will be fairer to the people at large. 0. J. TRENIS. B ) Says Mafalda’s Crew Subjected to Insult To the Editor of The Star: In your editorial of October 29, T noted” your comment on the sinking of the Italian steamer, Princess Ma- falda. The entire world, and espe- cially the people of the United States, sympathize with the Italian nation in this unfortunate catastrophe. It is with this thought in mind that I feel it my duty as a citizen of the United States and a brother of the Italian people to protest the insult which one of the survivors of the wreck made against the officers and crew of the sunken ship, namely, that part of the crew were in an intoxicated condition. The least that can be said of such an unfair remark is that it must have had its origin in the mind of a vindic- tive individual. I have crossed the Atlantic as a passenger on Italian liners eight @if- ferent times and have yet to see any member of a crew under, the influence of liquor. I know how rigidly disci- plined are the men of any crew, how solicitous and devoted toward all pas- sengers aboard, and, therefore, it seems to us inconceivable that this particular crew would thoughtlessly jeopardize the lives of many hun- dreds intrusted to their care. And the gallant captain of that ship and crew—what more noble praise could one utter in his behalf than to say that he lived up to the code of the sea; he remained with his ship to the end, doing all that was humanly pos- sible before and at the time of the disaster and panic, and certainly we feel that he and his brave crew must have gone to their deaths confident that their duty had been fulfilled in the name of Italy and her great mer- chant marine service! M. FERRARL ————————— Campaign Opened For Route Markers To the Editor of The Star: Referring to the editorial in The ening Star of November 3 and the article by William Ullman regardin directional migns for the guidance of tourists, ete., I am pleased to ad you that a definite movement is now under way by the Chamber of Com- merce and the A. A. A. to provide such signs on the principal thorough- fares of the city. The A. A. A. has already designs for route markers in accord- ance with the standard markers lopted for the United States road routes, which are to be placed on the! four principal roads leading to Balti- more, Frederick, Richmond and Win- chester. At prominent intersections and at circles additional signs are to be placed, pointing to the cities the roads lead to, as well as principal noints of interest in the District of Columbia. Upon approval by the Director of Trafflc of the designs submitted, the necessary markers and signs will be ordered, and it is hoped that by the time the heavy touring begins next Spring the routes through the city will be adequately marked. LOUIS E. SHOLTES. e Divorce a Marriage Aid. From the Cincinnati Enquirer. prepared Those who are alarmed by the fact that there now is one divorce for every four marriages should remem- her that each divorce makes possible two more marriages. S The Pedestrian’s Privilege. From the Portland Oregonian, The astounding news comes from Washington that 5 per cent of traffic accidents are due to people Who walk into automobiles. Nevertheless, they ave recorded as accidents to the pedes- trian rather than the car. . —~o—s How Times Have Changed. From the New York Herald-Tribune, ‘The Borgias are said to be better than they were once helieved to be. Couldn’t money in large | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERI Q. What did William before he entered the movies A, ton Military went to New to a One da had his d this was the Iy h in films. He and suits and " young man will e entered the films Q. Where do hornets and bumble bees live during the Winter, and what do they eat’—L. D. Z. A. Bees and hornets become torpid during ¢ weather and consume comparati little food. The wither ing of the I ms in the Fall compels them to des Winter quarters. There the social species have stored a supply of honey of small waxen chambers combined into “combs," upon which they subsist until while the solitiry species whic not lay up such stores usually but their larvae, snugly placed i burrows, or other concealed or para- sitic sltuations, remain quicscent until the return of warm weather, when they emerge. This applies to the colder climates; in the tropics Winter is not to be feared. b3 om bre wes 1d Q. What Presidents have left this l.-nu“(ry during their terms of office?: A. Presidents who left of the United States while in offic vere: Roosevelt—visited the I Zone and went to the ¢ 1; Taft—crossed the ronfi of the United ace Conference in ng—British Columb | Q. What States have | license law?—J. K. H. A. The Journeymen Barbers' Inter national Union says t the follow ing States have such laws: Cal a, Colorado, Connecticut, ia, Idaho, 1llinoi ryland, Michi, ki gon, Rhode Island, and Wisconsin. @ barbe Q. Do Canadians coming to country to live have to pay a tax?—W. D. this head are reauired to pay > s is required of all immigrants er tering this country, The tax is $8 paid to United S roller skates been in use A. These ates were patented in France in 18! but came into use in England and America about 1864, An American invented the device used on skates that geared the two pairs of wheels together and cramped when the foot plate was turned. Q. When did E. P. Roe live?—L. L. A. This American clergyman and novelist was born in 1838 and died in 1888. His novels possessed but mod- erate literary merit, but were whole est. the | some and usually of absorbing inter- | C J. HASKIN. Q. What ships are included in ‘our nevchant m: —R. T. A. Th 1t marine” is 1 com nsiv neluding all meér- the Ameri Sahara M €T reat desert, with an area 0,000 square miles—about ither rough gion, traversed but expanding to broad plains or exten- Desert a1l of one of va plac nateur n’—Ww, right be iron, but How can a from whi 1gnet tract a tell plati H. R. used. It not the Q v the station in sting pic- radio ions sending out public_reception. Pictus m - point-to-point stations Q it 1 Is the day longer than the night r Ww. C. the days and hroughout the year quator, 1f, however, the day | 4 as besinning and ending | when™ the sun's upper | above or disappears below the hor: en the day at the seven minutes lor | night, the difference being fraction and the sun's se Theoretically re equal | @ . What is a Government acre?— |3 F | The Government acre is always measured on the level ground and in the hills the difference in the area would be the difference between the hase of a rightangle triangle and the ivpotenuse. The acre of land in the bills would represent the hypotenuse of a trians Q. When was the s money last changed The present chan: 1861 Q. What ca | bustion in coa B. F. | A. Spontaneous combustion in )al | is almost entirely limited to bitumi- | nous. semi-hituminous or lignites. The "hv ing effect is mainly due to oxida- i(\rrn ‘resh mined coal will ab b | more oxyzen than after it has been exposed for a period. Sulphur in the | form of iron pyrites is also thought to |accelerate the temperature rise, the iron sulphite changing to ferrous sul- | phate with the evolution of heat. | of our paper E. E. ge is the first spontaneous com- Letters are going every minute to our free Information Bureau in Wash- ington telling readers whatever they want to know. They are in answer to all kinds of queries, on all kinds of | subje from ail kinds of people. Malke use of this free service which The Evening Star is maintaining for ! ou. "Its only purpose is to help you | and we want you to benefit from it. | Get the habit of writing to The Eve- | ning Star Information Bureau, Fred- er Haskin, Director, Washing- ton, D. €. A magazine writer's attempt to identify the average American and his choice of a popular citizen of Fort Madison, Iowa, for the honor have stirred up a national discussion in which it appears quite certain at least that the average cannot be described to_the satisfaction of everybody. How the magazine's average man was “tracked to his lair” is described by the Akron Beacon Journal, which says: “An expert used a map, a :ather chart and the census report, ing the number of cities and towns in_the country into its popula- tion to find that Fort Madison was the average town. Once Fort Madison was selecad, the citizens there were asked to choose among themselves the mar. who best represented the aver- ag . The city found that ‘there is a little bit of all of us in Roy L. Gray. records the Beacon Journal, which, however, proceeds to find in the PHILOSOPHIES BY GLENN FRAN K‘ The call-bell might well serve as a symbol of our civilization. ‘The national gesture is to ring for the maid or to buzz for the secretary. We began our national career with a declaration of independence from tyrants; we may end it with a decla- ration of dependence upon servants and assistants. A man is never greater than the challenges he hears and answers. And yet this Airplane Age is remov- ing challenge after challenge that men of the Stone Age had ‘to face. What our primitive ancestors did for themselves we have others do for us, and this dependence cannot but tell upon our bodies and our brains in _time, Henry Fairfield Osborn, in his “Cre- ative KEducation,” suggestively con- trasts the mental powers of the Stone Age youth with the mental powers of the modern vouth in a study that shows the striking shift from inde- pendence to dependence that has come with civilization. Here are the six points around which his study clusters: First, observation. ‘The primitive youth made inces use of his powers of through sight, hearing, touch, The modern youth makes slighter and shghter use of his powers of ob- servation which are dimmed and di- minished through disuse; he does not have to observe to save his skin, ex cept when crossing a crowded avenue, and even then the traffic cop is there to observe for him. Second. imitation. nt observation taste and orated the art of life through imita- tion. The modern youth overdoes imita- tion until it threatens to sterilize life nd stop Invention in mental and so- 1 fields. Third, creation. invention, initiative, adaptation, resourcefulness, The primitive youth was daily chal- lenged to personal initiative and per- sonal adaptation to new situations. The modern youth sponges on the gifted few whose resourcefulness does duty for the lazy many. Fourth, reflection, re tion of cause and effect, The primitive vouth found reflection and recognition of cause and effect ival in the strugsle ci son, recogni- The modern youth can get along and ve by letting the gifted few think for him and surround him with safe. Fifth, the struggle for existence. The primitive youth found this struggle intense and continuous. The modern youth finds it rarely in- tense; only intermittently must he y struggle. Sixth, imagination. The primitive youth found his imag- ination constantly stimulated by his direct contact with nature. The modern youth finds his imagina- tion dulled by his life in an easy and artificial environment that has been created and is kept going by the imag- ination of the inventive few. That is because dispensing poisoned liquor is no |oa‘|r regarded as a seri- ous SR The real problem is to bring chal- lenge back into civilization. (Copyright. M Newspaper Syndicate.) ‘The primitive vouth gradually elab- | Press Differs With Attempt To Identify Average American | nominee one grace that is not aver- a namely, “He votes covery is that the whole thing is un- § important,” declares the Greenshoro il Record, and the Providence Journal is sure that “a great many Americans will persist in their con- viction that the average man is noth- ing more ths atistical illusion.” The New Y un dismisses the matter with the comment: ‘“One question was not asked him, and, to remedy this defect, we herewith ask it and answer it as we think the aver- age man would answer it: ‘Q—What do you think of the persons who sup- pose there really is such a thing as an aver ma A.—I think they are nuts’ Wherein we find mu disappointment. for one of the most cherished of human delusions thus comes in for reproach.” >R ‘We do not believe there is such a thing an ‘average’ man.” observes the Flint Daily Journal. “If there it Heaven help a nation made up of ave age men!” The Richmond Time. Dispatch states with emphasis, “T! ‘average man’ in America does not want to be the ‘average American.’” So, also, the Columbia State remarks, ‘After scanning the catalogues of the traits and actions of a supposed aver- 1ge American man, we are more firmly convinced than ever that there is | no_visible or producible average man.” Calling the term “average man” a “damning, a classification that holds { no hope, a prison which has not ene | zate toward freedom.” the Omaha World-Herald adds: “If society is working for anything at all, if the vlagues and the wars and the catas- trophes and the victories that have fused men have any significance, they mean that man is working toward a state of living together in which mo one needs be average, in which each one has opportunity and encourage- ment and a_ chance to succeed in raising himself high, in forever mark- ing himself aside from the common herd.” In fact, Roy L. Gray “is no lons an average man and never will again,” as the Bellingham lle sees it, for, says the Herald, “his ave age life has been stepped up to a higher key, and he joins the galaxy lof the average great.” Was Mr. Gray ever average, in fact” | His wife says not, according to the Toledo Blade, which quotes Mrs. Gra as declaring, “If Mr. Gray is just an wverage man, then there and anywhere who is above the aver as she enumerates his far-from- ge virtues of devotion to hi dependability and industry. ew York Evening World does i not acree with “some of our hizh- hat intellectuals who have persuad themselves that the average Ameri- | can is beneath contempt,” and savs { of him, “It was the average man who telled the forests, bridged the streams, built the highw erected the school- houses and the churches, and who has fouzht the battles for liberty in peace and for national preservation in w 5 4 ol * A The trop Abilene izes the Daily Reporter ap verage man in t > to say of you and vour cind. you're “khone of the coun- try. May vour tribe increase!” The Manchester Union thinks this Roy Gray, from the qualities aseribed to him, must be “a very good neighbor—which, after all, is one of ‘the real tests of human worth,” ac- | cording to the Union: and the Detroit ws, commenting on “his toleranee, | his mental attitude of fairness,” asks ‘why the politicians do not appeal to the square commonsense of this aver- | age man, instead of feeding him a lot of foolish propaganda, which he im- mediately puts down as so much tripe. Simming up its view of the mater, the St. Paul Pioneer Press offers the suggestion: “The true average would have to be a composite; in his veins the blood of many races, in politics a Republican with Democratic leanings, a flair for stand-patism and traces of tendencies to kick clear over the fence, in religion a hybrid, socially a non- descript, morally a moderate sinner and _intellectually, according to_the latest data from the Wall Street Jours nal, about the age of 12,"