Evening Star Newspaper, September 13, 1927, Page 8

—_— e — {THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY. .. .September 13, 1927 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor Business Office 11th St. and Penns: New Tee: 110° East Tower Chicago Off European Office: 14 Resent St.. tand The Evening St tng cditio o ety with the Sunda. carriers within mail or ade by v e sont b elephione Ma earrier at end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. nd and Virginia. Siinday"oniv’ . 00: 1 mo. S6.00: 1 mo.. All Other aile and Sundav aily onl; u . 1yr ar tes and Canada. 1vr. $1200: 1 mo.. $1.00 1sr 071 mo. 7 4001 1 mo S300° 1 mo. 25 1 A1l news dis Special or Extra Session? “lamer for a special s gross, or even for of the Scnate alone, makes no appeal | to the an leaders of the| House e. Both Senator Curtis Tilson, & m of Con- at Repu and and Representative chiefs in their houses, told President Coolidge ye terday that they believed that the work of Congress could and would be successfully accomplished at the reg- ular session beginning the first Mon day in Decembe There T wh the new Cong hould meet in ad vance of tho regular day set, if the Republican leaders are correct in their timate. If the Senate were called in special session it would be for the purpose alone of deciding the cases of Senators-elect Smith of Illinois and Vare of Pennsylvania, whose right to be seated has been challenged by the Reed slush fund committee; At the last session of Congress these cases were debated at considerable length. Indeed, the Scnate, after a full de- bate, refused to permit Col. Smith to be seated, although he had been ap- pointed by Gov. Small to fill the un- expired term of the late Senator Mc- Kinley. His case was referred in- stead to the Senate cdmmittee on privileges and elections, where exten- sive hearings were held. Decision of the Smith and Vare cases should not require much time when the Senate meets. It should be possible to han- dle them before the Christmas holi- days, while the Scnate is marking time until the House sends along ap- propriation and tax-reduction bills. " Representative Tilson, majority leader of the House, believes that it will be possible for the Congress to dispose of the appropriation bills, tax reduction, flood prevention and other necessary legislation within the lim- its of the regular session. Doubtless there will be great pressure to get Congress away from Washington prior to the opening of the national conventions of the Republican and Democratic parties next June. If it becomes vital for Congress to remain in session during the conventions, or to return to Washington for contin- uance of the session after they have adjourned, that course can be fol- lowed. Congress has been in session in other national campaigns. If Sen- ators feel the urge to leave Wash- ington and enter the campaign, let them help expedite the legislative business of the Congress. For some of them this may prove a novelty. A special session of the Senate would be used largely to exploit the iniquities of the Republican senatorial primary compaigns in Illinois and Pennsylvania. If there are such iniquities they should be given the fullest publicity. But it will be as- tonishing if there is anything new that can be said of the Smith and Vare cases in the Senate or in the press. It may or it may not suit the desires of Senator Reed of Missouri to have these cases quickly disposed of. It remains, however, that the business of the Senate should be de- layed as little as possible by further discussion of these cases, with, of course, ample tirie for the men at- tacked to present their cases. The gravest cases are argued before the Supreme Court of the United States with a few hours allotted to each side. There comes a time after which dis cussion becomes mere propaganda rather than argument. —_— e The Demon Rum has always been unscrupulous and without mercy. It is not surprisng to hear reports that he will tamper with the integrity of an enforcement agent if he gets the chance, o v seems no good ason | . —or—s Plane Wreckage Found at Sea. ding of wreckage in the North Atlantic of portions of airplanes would seem to end all doubts as to the loss of at least the Ol4 Glory and pessibly of the Sir John Carling and the St. Raphael, while another report from a fishing schooner of the sighting of wreckage thres weeks ago suggests the possibility that it was that of the plane of Nungesser and Coli, missing for four months. An explicit state- ment comes rom a steamer that parts of the Old Glory were locuted about one hundred miles from the position from which ber signal of distress w semd, or about Lundred mlles off Newfoundland. This indicates that Bertaud and Hill, with their passen- ger, Payne, had made only a short hop from Old Orchaird, Me., when they struck adverse weather and were forced to the surtace of the sea. It is known that a “low,” or area of baro- metric depression, was centered off the coast at that time. Judging from the location given In the distress call tnd the position of the wreckage now found, it is indicated that the plane ‘was caught in the vortex on the east- erly edge of the storm. The three men may have been picked up by a passing ship without radio. There fs, however, but little ground for hope that they survived. The other wreckage found s not fdentified, hut 1 believed to te that of the other three planes, the one car- rying Tulley and Medcalf, which start- «d from Harbor Grace, Newfoundlarf?, respective || | heav. { formance on the 7th of September for England, and the other bearing Minchin, Hamilton and the Princess Lowen- stein-Wertheim, which left Upavon, England, for America August 31. The fragments that are attributed to the Nungesser-Coli expedition were only seen at a distance from the observing fishing schooner. This flotsam may be all that will ever be found to indicate the fate of ten people, nine men and one woman. | If transoceanic flying continues there should be some method whereby the aviators in their last struggles can leave identifying traces, giving in- formation as to the places at which they reach the surface of the sea. Light buoys capable of floating in- definitely might be released upon con- tact with the water. The currents of the ocean are well known, and it would be possible to deduce from these buoys the stories of the victims, even though their planes might have sunk with them to the bottom of the ocean. The finding of these fragments of the planes will doubtless intensify the fecling against ill-prepared and hazard- ous attempts to cross the sea by the air. Already the reaction has reached the point of a demand that prohibi- tion be pronounced against such fur- ther attempts in the present state of the flying art and in the absence of information regarding the weather beyond the shores. As the record stands, this Summer has seen more failures than successes. There have been six successful flights over long sea ranges, four over the Atlantic and two over the eastern Pacific, and there have been eight unsuccessful flights, four over each ocean. The of life has been deplorably Lindbergh's marvelous per- undoubtedly stimulated others and led to the offering of pr sure loss | which enlisted contestants who were not qualified. A more thorough observation of weather at sea and the construction of stouter planes, with larger fuel ca- pacity and greater power, must come before transoceanic flying can be rated as achieved beyond the point of extreme hazard with a percentage of casualty too great for tolerance. ———— The League and Panama. The attempt of Dr. Eusebio Mo- rales, former foreign minister and now Panaman delegate to the League of Nations, to interest the' League in a move to “intervene” in an alleged dis- pute between the United States and Panama over sovereignty of the Canal Zone, may best be put down as a tempest in a teapot. It has blown itself out almost before it started. In the first place, the League has nothing to do with a dispute, if one existed, between the United States and Pan- ama. In the second place, the League knows it, if Dr. Morales does not. The point of difference between the United States and Panama over juris- diction and rights in the Canal Zone is not so fundamental as to involve the question of sovereignty. The question of sovereignty has long since been disposed of. Both nations rati- fied the treaty of 1903 regarding the construction of the Panama Canal. In exchange for the guarantee by the United States of Panama’s continued independence, plus a certain monetary consideration, Panama gave the United States “in perpetuity the use, occupation and control of the zone of land and land under water for the construction, maintenance, operation, sanitation and protection of said canal of the width of ten miles,” and the Republic of Panama granted to the United States “all the rights, power and authority within the zone men- tioned which the United States would possess and exercise if it were the sovereign of the territory within which said lands and waters are locatel to the entire exclusion of the exercise by the Republic of Pan- ama of any soverelgn right, power and authority.” The question of the extent of this guaranteed sovereignty has always been a matter of issue, however, in the minds of some Panamans. The construction of the canal brought about the accompanying construction of railroads, warehouses, ‘provision centers and commercial houses to supply the American colony in the Canal Zone. The operation of these agencies has proved a profitable en- terprise for the government. Pan- ama has objected to some of them as competing with and consequently smothering certain Panaman indus- tries. This point 48 recognized by the United States in a treaty now pend- ing with Panama, in which the United States agrees not to exercise all of its rights in the Canal Zone. The treaty has been ratified by this country and now - awaits ratification or rejection by Panama. The prompt authorization by Secre- tary of State Kellogg of a statement that the League of Nations has noth- ing whatever to do with American control over the Panama Canal Zone, now or in the future, may be regarded more in the nature of a warning than as an alarmed protest over the inci- dent at Geneva. The Department of State has merely put itself on record, informally, regarding the continuation of a policy laid down and strictly ad- hered to in the Monroe Doctrine. ————————— A new era in aviation will be wel- comed by the public if it is a safe and sane era. g British Labor Ousts Communists. Organized labor in Great Britain is purging its ranks of radicalism. The British Trade Unfon Congress, in ses- sion at Edinburgh, has by an over- whelming majority voted to support a report from the general council on the subject of keeping Communists outside of the trade union movement. The card vote resulted in 374,600 against referring the report back to the coun- cil, and 148,000 for such a move. In the discussion of the matter plain speech was used. The president of the Miners' Federation denounced the leaders of the minority, saying that he could see little difference between them and Communists. Both, he de- clared, got their orders from Moscow and their policy was to wreck the British trade union movement. The American Federation of Labor has similarly fought radicalism, and effectively. The late Samuel Gompers THE EVENING _STAR. WASHINGTON, D.-C, TUESDAY. SEPT EMBER 13, 1927.° maintained without wavering the pol- icy of keeping the Communists out of any participation In directing the course of the organization. He knew that the radicals were bent upon “bor- ing from within.” He was stanchly supported in his position by the mem- bership, and his successor has carried on this work with the same support and the same result, British labor has had a close call from organization wreckage by the communistic Influence, The great strike of last year was forced hy the red radlcals and it cost the nation heavily and labor dearly. It greatly weakened the influence of organized labor in Great Britain. Evidently this lesson has been learned, as the action taken by the Trade Union Congress at Edinburgh indicates, dnd there Is brighter prospect for the British workers and for the country in conse- quence. T e Removal of Underground Work. While the question has not been directly precipitated, it is indicated a demand may be made by the deral Government that the District should pay for the removal of ail un round construction in the Mall- Avenue triangle to make way for the new public buildings that are to be erected within that area. The matter has been brought to attention in con- nection with the permission that has been granted to keep the House of Detention in its present location pend- ing the preparation of the site in the southerly portion of the area marked off for the Department of Commerce and while awaiting action by Congress in making provision for new quarters for that institution. There will be no equity in the im- position upon the District of any part of the cost of removing the under- ground constructions. If mains and sewers must be relaid to insure con- nections that work will naturally fall within the scope of District ap propriations upon the established di- vision of cost between local and Fed- eral funds. But the old work should surely be taken out at the cost of the Government and mnot in any part charged against the District. The situation regarding the House of Detention is simply another illus- tration of the confusion resulting from lack of co-ordination in the new build- ing plans. As in the case of the farmers’ market, so in this instance, failure by Congress to take cognizance of the Federal building program with reference to the District’s requirs- ments has led to a complication that can be solved only by emergency leg- islation, and with the utmost speed there cannot fail to be some conflict of interest which may result in a de- lay of the bullding program as well as in serious inconvenience to im- portant municipal activities. This whole question of the reloca- tion of District bureaus should be pressed for definite action at the earliest hour of the next session, with a distinct plan for both temporary ex- pedients and permanent arrange- ments. In the matter of the cost of the removal of underground construc- tion the Commissioners should be in- sistent that the Government bear all the expense of preparing the sites, whatever appropriations may be needed for new works to replace those that are put out of commission. ———— e A Hollywood dressmaker has sued an actress for $300 for a suit of satin pajamas. Some night attire is de signed to make the wearer as com- fortable as possible when debts call on her to stay awake and walk the floor. der Bt B Efforts toward arbitration are being made with courageous confidence in- spired by the fact that many things once considered impossible are now matters of everyday human experi ence. ———— A noteworthy record for efficiency will be achieved by the Soviet author- itles if they can manage all the com- plications arising in the oil business. —————————— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Miscalculation. Each man of us, from time to time, Must pause and wonder why Up hill some fellow has to climb ‘While others seem to fly. You have to labor hard and scheme To placate and to please ‘While others seem to drift and dream And float to heights of ease. It is a human custom queer, Yet one that's well worth while, For man to hide the passing tear And only show a smile. And many a foe that sneers in hate, If he could understand The cares which on another wait, ‘Would lend a helping hand. Rights. “What do you think of women’s rights?” “They have one right they don't seem to appreciate,” answered Senator Sorghum. “They enjoy the greatest privilege of dressing comfortably in warm’ weather. Social Oratory. And many a man who says his choice 1s to uplift humanty Is simply one who lifts his voice With a musician’s vanity. Jud Tunkins says an audience fre- quently seems to agree with an orator because it's too polite to spoil the show. “He who has his daily task,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “may at least be free from the hate and bickering that arise from an effort to enjoy idleness.” The Difficulty. “What's the difficulty about farm relief?” “The fact,” answered Farmer Corn- tossel, “that most financiers don't know any more about farming than farmers know about finance.” Head and Foot Work. ‘When something hard to understand Confronts the mind by chance, We simply say, “Strike up the band And have another dance.” “Some o' de men dat does de loudest argument ‘bout science an’ religion,” sald Uncle Eben, “don’t 'pear to me like dey had made a very serious study of one nor t'uther.” | course today as The annual death of the garden is and. This is an advantage a garden has over a man. Men die when their time comes, but gardens die every year, and presumabiy get used to it The hope of mankind is that his one final death is of no more moment to him, in the long run of the ages, than the vearly death of the garden in_ Autumn. he little seeds, in the childhood of their Spring, flourished into a beau- tiful Summer manhood Now they are in their last bravely holding out against the ening of their fibrous arteries the advent of oncoming cold. When Fall comes at lasi nipping breezes, the leaves will turn vellow and brown, the bright flowers having long been a thing of the past with the exception of a few favored Llooms. But it shall make no differ- ence to the garden—in the long run. * Ok * What difference docs it The doctrine of indiffe times held up to scorn, p! purpose in the everyday { mankind. If you do not go around the golf well as you did yes- terday, what differcnce does it mak What difference does it make if sus- picion and distrust and ill-will meet vour hest efforts at understanding. love and righteousness? These are all matters which, viewed from the eternal standpoint of the years, resolve themselves, if not down to nothing, at least to not as much as you thought. at s and ake? ncy, some. v useful fappiness of s Tt is a good thing for the gardener that Autumn does come, 1t makes him appreciate the inside of his house more. The len, too, feels the salutary influence. What respectable garden nt to go on blooming forever? Such on would not be hor- ticulturally ‘mly, would disrupt cause aml effect” and cause inex- haustible ennui. Surely no good garden would care to be responsible for so much. o w perpetual mot As for the honest gardemer (note the qualifying adjective) he must be content with three or four months of bloom in this latitude. n't it enough? No matter how much the high art and occupation of awrdening, for which it has been truly said no man is too high or too low, there comes a time in the when garden grows horesome. There is nothing to do in it. Man was made for doing. Those who ‘“just sit” are forced, through one reason or another, to do (May one express the hope that generalization will cause no one one enjoys While the recent outbreak of radi- calism in the United States is by no means confined to aliens, indications show that as soon as Congress con- venes there will be a flood of immi- gration measures introduced which will not only strengthen our alrs existing restriction laws, but there will be bills directed especially to the opening of “exits” for undesirable aliens. The Labor Department, which has the control of immigration and deportation, is averaging about 1,000 deportations a month, but it is evident that Congress intends to speed up the self-protective action. The new law of immigration restric- tion, which was suspended at the last session of Congress for one year, is to go into full effect automatically upon the expiration of the suspension. Then we shall admit only 2 per cent of each nationality upon’ the number of that race already here in 1900, the total to be limited to 150,000 a year. This does not include quota ations on Canadians or any im- migrants from any country in the Western Hemisphere. The outstand- ing feature of new proposals is to in- clude the Western Hemisphere in the quota law, so that only 2 per cent of the number of each country’s people who were here in 1900 shall hereafter be admitted each year, yet the total number of all races to be admitted to be kept down to the 150,000 limit. o ‘There are two considerations in all questions of immigration—the num- ber and the quality of those received. ern Europeans are the least desirable immigrants, as they least assimilate American ideals and customs. The characteristics of European races ad- here to those American peoples accor ing to their Old World derivations; therefore, it is argued, why should the undesirability of the Ttalians, Greeks and Spaniards, with the corresponding objections to their derivatives—the Mexicans and Central Americans—op- erate to incite equal restrictions against the race descended from the country of our own forefathers? Why should the need of barring or contro ling Mexicans cause us to bar or limit Canadi: Is there any parallel? The Canadians are like the Ameri- cans in language, education and hab- its; there is absolutely no appreciable difference, argue the Congressmen who discuss immigration. If it would be a disaster to have a million native Americans migrate and cea Americans, though they had alwa been industrious, thrifty and law-abid- ing citizens, why, argue the liberals, would not an added million just lik¢ them in every respect be a contribu- tion to the wealth production of our population? * ok ok X 1t Canada and Mexico were put upon the regu quota b , permitting 2 per cent of the number who were here in 1890 to enter now each year, Can- ada‘'s quota would be 19,619 and Mex- ico's only 1,557. Prof. G. E. Jackson 5f the University of Toronto calculates that the total Canadians who emi- erated into the United States during the last half of last century totaled 1,500,000, the number increasing this quarter century of 1900 to 1925, so that now there are about 2,000,000 in the United States, of whom about 307,786 are of French descent. They constitute 15 per cent of our forelgn born. Mexicans and other Spanish-Indlan- Negro mixtures are not like Americans and never can be, say the opponents of their free admission. Of the 15,000, 000 population of Mexico, only 10 per cent are pure whites, 5,000,000 are pure Indians and the other 3,000,00_0 are mixed-bloods, with Indian predomi- nating. In 1910 only 3,000,000 peopl> in Mexico could read or write in any anguage, Since the present regime came into power, more schools have been established, but the existing gen- eration will pass away before illiteracy will be perceptibly decreased. While there is no quota limit, as from Eu- rope, Mexicans must pass the literacy test, and pay for their passports as other nationalities. The commissioner general of immi- gration estimates that there are now more than a million Mexicans in the United States; other authorities placa the limit nearer 2,000,000. 1t s said that half of the Mexicans in the United States have entered fllegally. In Denver, 71 per cent of the 538 Mexican families in 1925 received pub- lic relief; in California, 30 per cent are aided by charity. Prof. M. S. Handman of the University of Texas is quoted: “For the sake of a speeding up in the exploitation of our natural re- sources * * * are we creating for ourselves a soclal problem full of dis- mal prospects, of race hatreds. of bruised feelings, ot social ostracisms and perhaps of lynchings and the race . with its | It is generally agreed that the South- | I | | | | | | tering from a | | We BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. pain? We agree that generalization | is dangerous business—but what can one do? Individualization is possible in a personal letter, but almost im- possible in any other form of writing. cherish the fond belief that we do it about as well as the next one.) * ok Kk A garden becomes lonesome in Sep- tember. It is not the effect of the gray s or the cool evenings, or the falling leaves, as detrimental to the happiness of impressionable indfvidu- als as these age-old factors are. The melancholy days of the garden come because there is little to be done, and nothing much to be seen. The play is over, the curtain about to be rung down. This pretty outdoor playhouse is about to be closed for the season; and we who have had reserved seats are hea v glad of it. * X kX Late and soon, the garden has been too much with us. Viewed from the saner standpoint of Autumn, we see we have been suf- rden complex. We have scorned the dictum of the | gentleman who declared, on buying a | | very well. would house with no garden, “I buy a house to live in.” Today we admit he may be right. * ok Kk ok The great hibiscus has had its last blossom. The seed pods mod In clusters at the top of the twigs, 8 feet in air, ripening in the cooling air. The petunias still put forth a brave show of blo: The grass is almost as green as adiolus leaves yet remain with v a tinge of yellow. bloom gayly; roses are doing Something is missing from the garden, however. Something ha: | gone out of it. Shall we call it the spirit of the garden—or the interest of the g dener? * K K % It'is both. Maybe the garden is not what it is without both the intensity of Sum- mer and the intensity of him or her who cares for it. These make the garden what it is, under the laws of nature, immutable and otherwise. The sun and the gar- dener compose the team. They do the work. The seed and plants, In the lan- suage of the day, “do their stuff.” * ok ok ok Garden and gardener are glad for the Winter rest. This is the mood of Autumn, the feeling that accompanies snug in- closure, that springs to life in front of the fireplace, and makes a home a home. BACKGROUND OF EVENT: BY PAUL V. COLLINS. e of a twentieth century American cit. Opponents of restriction argue that if we discriminate ggainst the Mexi- cans, they will feel aggrieved and will develop ill will. The answer is urged that we should not bar Mexicans nor any other race on racial grounds, but require all to attain a crtain stand- ard of civilization, education and assimilability with Americans. It was that argument which brought exclu- sion of Orientals. * ok ok ok In the year ended-June 30, 1926, of the 91,019 Canadians who entered the United States 3,789 were professionals —electricians, teachers and engineers, inclusive of 1,330 physicians, There were 21,065 skilled mechanics and 26,807 of miscellaneous occupations— agents, farmers, merchants and serv ants, besides 39,358 women and chil- dren. Of the graduating classes of Canadian colleges in 1924, 44 per cent settled in the United States, and of the classes of 1926 33 per cent. The Citizenship League reports that 43 per cent of the aliens who presented them- selves between January and June, 1927, seeking naturalization as Ameri: cans were British subjects. Great advance was made when the Immigration Bureau got authority to have consuls or agents examine pro- posed immigrants and issue permits in the Turopean homes, rather than let applicants cross the ocean only to be turned back as unfit. There are re- forms in methods which will be urged at the coming Congress, especially in the ‘“red tape” required before an alien in this country can get a pa port to visit his native land. It now takes many days to secure such a document. (Copyright, 1927, by — e Futile Press Censorship. . From the New York Times. It is not surprising that the Coun cil of the League of Nations wants more time to investigate before pass ing on the resolution of the Inter- national Press Conference condemn- ing all forms of press censorship except in the gravest emergencies. Some governments have never real ized that censorship, with even the more drastic plan of expelling for- eign correspondents, in the long run defeats its object. Tt is possible to withhold unfavorable news or opin- ion by delaying press dispatches or by cutting out offending portions. The expulsion of a correspondent may temporarily still an unwelcoms voice. Jut with that natural curi- osity which makes the average man more interested in what is withheld than in what is freely given, the public in other countries is likely to pay all the more attention to what has been censored (when, as always happens, it gets through) and to show a greater interest in the re marks of a correspondent who has been sent away. Both systems, inci- dentally, place a premium on news from outside—and often unfriendly sources. The excuse for censorship 1 that, without it, all manner of m representations can be sent abroad in the form of ‘“news. This occasion- ally happens. But experience has shown that in most cases every unfair or adverse statement is offset by fair and favorable dispatches. ———————— Antipodean Common Sense. From the Cleveland Plain Dealer. We talk about preserving our wild flowers, and two or three States ac- tually enact laws for the protection of certain imperiled species, but for all this the vandal, the devastator and the selfish despoiler do pretty much as they please in our land of freedom On the other side of the earth is another.land of freedom, and in Aus tralia the extinguisher is being put on vandalism with a wholesome and edi- fying effectiveness. The protection-of- wild-flowers act recently passed by the Australian Parliament is going to bo enforced in every detail. It is made unlawful to offer wild flowers for sale in any public place or to possess them on any public conveyance. Police and rangers are empowered to arrest all violators, but it is not expected that actual arrest and punishment will be the most effective measures. The em- phatic object lesson of confiscation of wild flowers on trains and trolley cars will be distinctly educational, as will aul V. Collins.) the strict enforcement of the provision against public sale. ———o—s Callijo’s Error. From the Indianapolis News. The next aviator that goes after the altitude record had better make a " mark on a cloud up thgre somewhere to show where he's bdn. NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM LG M. WE. Charles A. G P. Putnam’s Sons. Lindbergh. The lone sea flight: “We,” the book 'n hand; commercial aviation as a practical and pressing problem of the industrial future. This exclusive trio of personal possession and pre- occupation serves to embody and pro- jeet the sum and substance of Charles Lindbergh thus far. And these pro- vide the only considerable means for any fair estimate and judgment in re- spect to this remarkable young man. In order to approach such appraisal it is necessary to separate the essen- tial Lindbergh from the externals and uncertainties of mere popularity. The immense public enthusiasm roused by him everywhere, taking cffect over- seas in the homage of potentates and powers, expressing itself at home in claborate celebrations of welcome and applause—all this was but our own part in the great event. And all this has little to do_in the long run with Lindbergh and his work, as each day is now making plain. It is important to make such cleavage between this youns man and the rest of us, be- tween Lindbergh and an applauding public. It is necessary to strip the oy down clean to himself, because he is a_symbol of a mew world in new hands. * ok K oK Here are youth and great achieve- ment, joined at a time when science in its multiform applications is chang- ing our fairly staid and reckonable world into a_panoramic stage for the working of daily miracles, such as in ner days no fabulist would have dared to offer to the most fantas imaginings of man. And at the most spectacular point in this amazing whirligig of world change, at the very tiptop of human audacity, in the face of a terrible and relentless natur there appeared this lone boy. And h achieved the impossible. ~Not only this, but he reduced the seemingly superhuman act to terms of relative simplicity by virtue of his own atti- tude before it, by virtue of the per- sonal qualities which he contributed to it. So, whether he will or not—and it is pretty certain that he does not will it—Charles Lindbergh today pro- jects for the whole world the spirit of modern youth aspiring to the vast new flelds of opportunity. * ok ok * The Lindbergh period, covering to date only about three months, pro- vides a study whose deep value to the on-coming public of vouth offers no baflling obscurities, no pestering sub- tleties. Open and_ aboveboard, from start to finish stand the main features of this period, crossed by certain minor lines of demarcation. First and fore- most is the trilumphant flights of the Lone Eagle. “A good job put through.” One can easily imagine the young flyer wording his victory in such fashion. Then follow the weeks of public dem- onstration in Europe and finally at home. Here is a different thing to do, harder even in certain ways than the tremendous thing already done. Un- sophisticate and unused to the ways of public adulation from the mighti- ness of the earth, this suddenly creat- ed world-hero stands fast by his native modesty and simplicity, thereby un- consciously making for himself the high role of ambassador of friend- ship between the United States and Europe. Superbly as this role is car- ried out, it is clear that public func- tioning in the cast of star performer is not the real Lindbergh business, Then Lindbergh disappears, only rumor fol- lowing him here and there on some errand bent. After something like a six-week retirement the boy reappes his new book in hand, “We,” the stor of Lindbergh and his craft, the Spirit of St. Louis. Summing this boy’s story of his life, it is found to be ex- actly like the ocean flight itself—that is, the two are identical in straight- ine approach to the business in hand, in singleness of vision, in simplicity of execution, in id exclusion of all irrelevanc nother job put through,” one hears the writer say. Not put through all alone, however, this time, for, having assembled the facts of his life up to this its highest point, Lindbergh then characte cally turns it over into other hands for a record of the public reception so en- thusiastically offered him by the wide world itself. All of a piece this Lind- hergh, ready and competent and ma: terful with work and accomplishment. Less easy, however, not nearly so much at home in the face of praise and public adulation. The third stage of the Lindbergh period is mow in the making—the stage covered by the fly- ing tour of the United States in the in- terest of commercial aviation. Here, once more, Lindbergh is all business. This is no triumphal circuit of the country. It bears no relation what- ever to the European festivities nor to the Washington and New York re- septions to Lindbergh. In attitude and execution it is identical with the great ocean flight and with the writing of the life story. These are the three pieces of work that Lindbergh has un- dertaken and is putting through to the finish. In this round-the-country flight the crowds that now assemble are, to Lindbergh, material for the rveception of his program of commer- cial aviation. He is under contract to pre the gospel of this new and amazing industry and that is just what he is doing. The crowds may think this is a holiday and a celebration in honor of the young American. That is their mistake. At every stop a seriou: humorless young man, without a sin- gle gesture of pleasantry and greed ing, steps before them to say, “Com- mercial aviation needs first a supp! of adequate airports”—a thought which he elaborates soberly, and even ponderously. Just the same Lind- bergh as the one who flew the ocean and wrote the book about it. Indeed, one could summarize or review thes three events fully by the single| formula of Lindbergh’s characte: treatment of whatever he undertakes. Out in the West a good deal of mis understanding arose from this young man’s dogged attachment to the sin- gle theme in hand. TFor instance, in| Minnesota, the home State, did this feeling of disappointment rise. Ne ther side was to blame; each was sim- ply unconscious of the other's point of view. The Twin Cities and Little Falls, the home town, were naturally in a perfect ferment of excitement over “Lindy's” home-coming. 1In :\II‘ three places flags of welcome wer flylng, everybody was out possessive and confident of a pecullar and per sonal share in this famous boy of theirs. Then he came. He was whisked through the streets at a rate which shut him away from any gen- eral sight, and over at the flying field the great Lindbergh rose to speak to his old Twin City friends. “Commer- cial aviation needs first a supply of adequate airports"” as the unin- spired home-coming spee Working at cross-purposes, you see. Lind- bergh was on a business trip. The public didn’t give a rap for his ai ports, It wanted the boy himself. Up at Little Falls it was even worse. At first there was a tremendous hul labaloo of welcome—an extemporized banquet hall provided, with banners flying and music and noise above which sounded the shrill whistle of innumerable boys, interspersed with calls of “Charley,” “Chuck,” “Cheecse,” “Lindy”—a perfect riot and ec: of loving welcome and pride. Then the time came for the hero to respond in some measure to all of thi: And he did, in a measure, “Commercial aviation needs first a supply of ade- quate airports” and then on with the prepared statement of the pres- ent and promised future_of the great matter. ~ And so disappointment lodged with the home folks, just be- cause they didn’t understand that this 3 | chines which give those who ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Q. Please tell what type of roof was_ put on the White House.—E. C. A. The roof of the White House is | composed of terra cotta roofed arches supported on structural steel framing. On top of the roofed arches there a nailed wooden strips. These are held in place by concréte filled between them. On top of that is nailed & green non-fading slate, which is placed on the sloping portions of the roof. On the flat portions there is a red promenade tile laid on a waterproofed | membrane. Two hundred tons of steei were used, and more than 22 carloads of terra cotta were used for the roof | and for the work on the third floor, | which is directly under the roof. | | Q. What is the name for the after mast in a vessel?—M. 8. A. It depends on the number of masts. The after mast of a four- masted vessel is a jigger mast, of a three-masted ve 1 a mi nmast, of | a two-masted vessel the mainmast. Q. What snakes are capable of kill- | ing a rattlesnake?—J. F. | A. The Biological Survey says that | the black snake and the king snake | are hoth capable of Killing a rattle- | snake. Q. What are the rovalties on plano copies of a_composition?—W. T. A. The Music Industries Chamber of C s that there is no regular scale of royalties on piano copies of a musical composition. The rate depends entirely upon the char- acter and quality of the composition, the reputation of the composer and the estimate of the publisher concerning the potential demand for it. & T8 Bermuda grass a weed?—P. A. Bermuda grass is the most im- portant pasture grass of the South, where it shows marked preference for clayey soils. In Virginia and Mary- land, where it is more troublesome a weed than valuable as a forage, it is commonly called wire grass. Bermuda grass is the plant most used for pas- tures and lawns in the South. Q. How high is Monticello? large an estate?—T. J. A. The elevation of the property is 980 feet. The estate contains 650 acres. How Q. What does the shamrock sig- nity?—D. M. X . Erin’s emblem is said to have been selected by St. Patrick to prove the doctrine of Trinity. Q. Where is the highest point in Delaware?—G. A. M. A. Centerville, Del, in New Castle County, is the highest point in Dela- ware. It is 440 feet above sea level. Q. How is the name of Tito Schipa pronounced?—T. W. D. A. The proper pronounciation of the tenor's name is Tee-toh Skee-pah. Q. Who invented the American game of base ball>—P. A. A. The modern game of base ball originated with the Knickerbocker Club, organized in New York City in 1845, The first person to prepare a diagram of the playing diamond was Abner Doubleday. Q. What does the name Gethsemane mean?—I. M. B. A. It is derived from an Aramaic phrase which means oil press. of Q. Is there as much variation i the floor of the ocean as there the height of land surface’—B. K A. It is seamed and broken, mich as the continents are, with veritihle mountain ranges, wide plateaus and tremendous valley: the first Emperor of A. The first Emperor of Chinn of whom any detalled account is give: 1hi, whose lifetime traditi being about 28522738 B.C. Q. How closely will a_marine chro nometer keep time?—W. F A. Some chronometers will keey correct time within a second a day Some may gain or lose 15 seconds day. If this is done regularly, the chronometer should not be regulated, since a constant rate is the n ohject, the variation being easily computed. | Q. When was Pompeli destroyed? — |NK. | A. An eruption of Vesuvius on Au gust 24, 79 A.D., buried this city and Herculaneum under a shower of ashes and pumice. These with the addi- tional covering of carth now amount to about 20 feet. Q. Do hens TR A. If water is provided hens will drink as often as 20 times a day. Since eggs are two.thirds water. a supply of pure, fresh water should be accessible, since hens will drink from filthy pools if thirsty. drink much water’— Q. Who were the comprachicos” P A. Comprachicos was the mname adopted by a - nomadic affiliation famous in the seventeenth century in Europe. This band of persons made a practice of buying and selling chi dren. These children were by means surgical operations deformed and disfigured so that they assumed cer tain peculiarities which provided tha humor demanded at the time. The | organization had its own laws, oaths and formulas, and was found princi- pally in England, Spain, France and Germany. The name is a compound Spanish word meaning buyers of little ones. Q. What State has most of the high mountain peaks?—A. B. A. Fortytwo of the 55 peaks in Colorado. highest the United States are in Letters are going every minute from our free information bureau telling readers whatever they want to know. They are in answer to all kinds of queries, on all kinds of subjects, from all kinds of people. Make use of this free service which The Evening Star is maintaining for you. Its only pur- pose is to help you and we want you to benefit from it. Get the habit of writing to The Evening Star Informa- tion Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, direc tor, Washington, D. C: American Editors Demand Curb on Across-Ocean Flying American _editors generally have joined in the almost universal de- mand for a curb on across-ocean flying which has followed the recent appalling series of disasters. There is difference of opinion only on the method of accomplishing the object without suppressing legitimate enter- prise in the development of aviation. “To limit these stunts by law, as the American Bar Association so fool- ishly suggested,” says the New York Evening Post, “is not only imprac- tical, but harmful. ‘Passing a law,’ the familiar, easy, American way of pretending f meet an issue, would but put one more unenforceable act on the books. And if enforced at all, it might well cramp, harry and balk the next Lindbergh that might come along.” The Chattanooga News also believes that “the Government can only be of assistance by co-operating with the daring spirits engaged In pushing back the limits of human knowledge, certainly not by putting an embargo on other test flights.” 2 * ¥ Xk % The San Bernardino Sun, viewing the ‘“great tragedy of the Pacific, with six men and one woman added to the list of those who went into the sky never to be heard from again, declares that “the list will grow rapid- ly umdess there is Federal regulation to curb the enthusiasm of the young adventurers who would take off for most any place without proper regard for either their own ability or the ability of their planes.” The Nash- ville Banner contends that “long-dis- tance flights of the future should be more carefully supervised and cen- sored,” while the New York World holds’ that “such ill-prepared and use- less contests as the Dole race surely call for regulation; but well organized attempts to widen the boundaries of the possible are necessary and will continue.” Sacrifice of life through lack of ade- quate preparation is described by the Norfolk Daily News and the Bluefield Daily Telegraph as a hindrance rather than an aid to the cause of aviation. rhe Newark Evening News sees the demand for a halt” as international, and suggests that “Washington can: | not, at this time, take any official steps to curb daring airmen, but in- dications grow that it soon will.” * ok ok K The Baltimore Sun says, “If the | Government is helpless to prevent flights known to be extra-hazardous, | certainly public disapprobation can | be visited upon those who encourage | them in the future.” The Sun ad:| vises postponement “until time and inventive genius have perfected ma- fly them i better chance for their livi A Attention should be turned “princi- pally to promotion of flying on land, the air mail, passenger, freight and express lines, together with adequate | r defense,” in the judgment of the | kima Daily Republic. The Green | zette states that “flirt. ing with the undertaker” can be pre- vented “by working through the Gov- vernment or organizations that are promoting aviation.” The Morgan- town New Dominion avers that “we | can réfuse to recozmize it or en- courage it by the worship of dental success, unless officially tioned by competent authorities. “Transoceanic flights depend, in the last analysis,” states the Madison Wisconsin State Journal, “on the un- canny and mysterious possession of some pilots which is called ‘air sense.” Until science develops instruments that can make up for the absence of this faculty in the average intelli- gence, transoceanic aviation must re- main a ‘stunt’ for daredevils.” The | Racine Journal-News would “stop the | prizemoney air races,” and the Columbus Ohio State Journal favors | | i | not for a moment let go till he has done with it what he did to the Atlantic Ocean and what he did in rounding up a book in the specified time by simply putting the whole of himself into it. A great boy, though. A few years from now, when he ha been downed and beaten by the great- est force in life, he'll be a whole lot more pliable than he is now—but there is plenty of time for that. Mean- | young man of theirs has dedicated himself, like the Puritan that he es- sentially is; to a cause which he will while let him be serious and con- scienceful and rather terrible for a man so youngh a most earnest appeal “to ambitlous flvers and their backers and to per- sons or organizations inclined to offer tempting prizes for success in these terribly perilous oversea stunts to re. frain from participating in such un- dertakings. Pasadena News would “let the Army or Navy send trained men, well equipped, if deemed best to do so.” The Providence Journal concludes that “a fair guess is that transoceanic aviation wiil go on and that eventually human ingenuity will produce a plane with a very much higher degree of safety than any plane has yet possessed.” PHILOSOPHIES BY GLENN FRANK 1 am, T confess, a bit sick of the cultural snobbery of the professional European and of the flunky-minded: ness of many Americans in the pres ence of anything European. One can hardly go through a sea. son_in New York without growing tired of the sycophantic genuflec tions before mildewed lords and tar nished ladies just because they are Europesn. We may admit, T think, that m respect of art, of culture and of statesmanship in Europe more heads rise above the human plane and rise higher than in America, but in mat. ters of material comfort, economic advantage and educational opportu nity for the masses of average men and women the human plane is high- er here than in Europe, And in time our_quota of excep- tions will fill up. We are a young society, as the historian looks at things, so give us time. We may admit, I think, that in America just now the men of natural born superiority are not flocking into non-material fields in quest of careers. Indusiry and finance are attracting men who, in a more mature society, would enrich the arts and the sciences. Men are becoming bankers and business men who, in an older and more balanced social order, would be writing our books, painting our pictures, making forays on the fron- tiers of science, bringing the living power of prophecy to bear upon the sullen snarlings of our religious con- troyersies, and mounting the rostrum in our classrooms as guides of grow- ing vouth in the high adventure of making itself at home in the modern world. But have the men of natural-born superiority ever, under any sort of i social order, pre-machine or post-ma- chine, American or European, flocked into non-material fields in quest of careers, save from a leisure class that has been matured by generations of fine heredity and favorable surround ings, freed by economic security from the urge to acquire, and enriched in outlook by long cultural traditions? Our leisure class is too young. Give it its new rich adolescence and we may see. Meanwhile, America, for all her ma- terialism against which our European critics rail, keeps a career decently open to the talented. We are stiil | socially fluid. There is unhappy evi- dence of a growing separation into classes, but there are still hatchways through which the able and the am- bitious may crawl up or the weak and the worthless drop down from the class or craft status into which they were born. And I cannot agree that we wor- ship at the shrine of material suc- cess with the single-mindedness of which our European critids accuse us. I do not know a people more pa- thetically reverential in the presence of brains or genuine achievement in non-material fields. Did not the whole nation applaud when Lini- bergh refused to cash in on his ach: vement? The very weakness of the mat rially successful in America for *“lion hunting” among authentic celebrities may well be a sort of shy confession of faith in things of the mind and of the spirit. It is time to stop being servile in the presence of the cultural snobbery of European critics, (Covyright 1007\