Evening Star Newspaper, June 11, 1927, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With _Sunday Morning Edition. _WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY.......June 11, 1927 THEODORE W. WOYES. ...Edifor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: St. and Pennsylvania Ave. rk Office: 110 East 42n@ St. } . Chicago Ofiice: Tower Building. | Buropean Offce; 14 Regent St..London. England. 11th The Evening Star, with the Sunday morn- ing edition. 18 delivered by carriers within the city at 60 cents per month: daily on 46 cents per month: Sundays only. 20 ces peL month, Orders may b sent by mail or elephone Main 5000. Collection is made by carrier at end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday.... aily only - 5 Sunday only All Other States and Canada. Daily and Sunday..1 yr.. $12.00: 1 mo.. $1,00 Dally only oo e 1yes S8 “Ge S50 e Bunday only Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled 10 the use for republication of ail news dis- patches credited 10 it or not otherwise cred. ited in this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches n_are also reserved el The Lone Eagle's Return. ‘Washington today receives the Lone Eagle on his return home. It hails him as a conqueror, a hero, not as the conqueror of men, but of time and space and hearts. For three weeks the world has thrilled over his exploit. Millions of people have massed to see him in foreign capitals, as millions more will mass in this country to give him grecting. One of the greatest news events of history is now at its climax, and yet it is an event in which tragedy has no place. Only happiness prevails, rejoicing is universal. There are no jealousies. There is no sense of defeat. What has been done? A young American has flown across the sea alone, starting on a course on which a short time before two gallant Frenchmen lost their lives, as it now seems assured. He flew straight to his objective on schedule time. He reached precisely the point at which he aimed. He had demonstrated the possibility of an air crossing of the Atlantic with- out aid. He had proved the feasibility of linking the two hemispheres within forty hours. No one has raised the question of the utility of Lindbergh’s performance. It is recognized universally that while individual transoceanic flying is in it- self only a demonstration and not a utility, this flight, this pioneer wing- ing across over 3,600 miles of stormy sea, blazes a trail for the conquest of the space which separates the Old Woerld from the New. There was that in Lindbergh's flight that caught and has held the imagina- tion of the world; the manner in which. he approached his take-off, crossing the continent in two long flights, pre- paring for his own great essay with- out ostentation, choosing his own time with careful regard for conditions, set- ting off alone with perfect confidence in his plane and motor. Then came the greatest hazard of all, when he landed, the supreme test of the man. Showered with attentions, the center of the multitude, he maintained his poise. He bore himself with simple dignity, doing honor to the Nation which he represented by his calmness, his native diplomacy, his thoughtful- ness for others, his courtesy and his simplicity. The President of the United States and the highest officlals of the land receive him here today and pay him the utmost honors. Washington is ap- propriately the scene of his first re- ception, for he has become a national figure. Here have gathered great numbers from other places to swell the multitude that will give him greet- ing. The city is bedecked with flags in his honor. Significant ceremonies have been arranged to express the estimate placed by the Nation upon the value of his achievement. Later other cities will accord him receptions, perhaps even of greater magnitude in point of numbers in attendance and in point of spectacular features, but none of them so definitely manifest the spirit of America in acclaiming the man who has given this country first place in aviation. —_—————— Current comment becomes a monot- onous task. There is only one hero and one event that can command un- divided popular attention at this mo- ment. —_— e There has often been a disposition to speak in derogation of the National Guard uniform. Everything depends on the man who is wearing it. o It is well to make the receptions here of American aviators as brilliant as possible. Any failure to do so would be greatly resented by Europe. ——————— Even in his remarks Lindbergh has set a pew record. He has never once begun with “Unaccustomed as I am to public speaking.” g e A Great Accomplishment. President Coolidge keeps his head n the midst of prosperity. If the country and the Congress can do the same, so much the better. With a sur- plus of receipts over expenditures of practically $600,000,000 at the end of the present fiscal year, June 30, and an estimated surplus of nearly $400,- 000,000 at the close of the next fiscal year, the President continues to preach economy. Before the semi-an- nual budget meeting of the Govern- ment last night, the President took oc- casion to warn the country that there must be no backsliding in the matter of governmental expenditures. Since he entered the White House he has preached day in and day out the doc- trine of economy. Not only has he preached it, he has practiced it, which is far more important. For the first time since the United States entered the World War, the governmental expenditures for the fiscal year now closing will be less than $3,000,000,000. The public debt, due to the war, which at its peak ex- ceeded $26,000,000,000, will have been cut to approximately $18,000,000,000 by June 30, At the same time, tax reduction has followed tax reduction, until the burden upon the people has been enormously reduced. The handling of Government finances by President Coolidge and hl:’ Secretary of the Treasury, Mr. Mellon, is a matter of congratulation to the entire country. Without the continued demand by the President for the cur- tailment of expenditures and with gold flowing into the Treasury in hitherto unheard-of millions and billions, how easy it might have been for any ad- ministration to hearken to the demands for bigger appropriations for many projects of real merit! But the reduc- tion of the public debt, with the lifting of the load of tax payment from the shoulders of the American people, is a far better prize. The President truly said in his ad- dress last night that no less urgent than the call to arms in 1917 was the call for the relief of the huge burden which the World War had imposed upon the American people at the close of that struggle. During the war, the people subscribed to the Government loans to their utmost limit. They paid without a murmur the high tax rates imposed by Congress to raise the necessary revenues. But when the fighting was done, there remained the debt. The American people faced its payment unafraid. In the last six or seven years, nearly a third of the debt has been wiped out. As important as the payment of this huge amount of the principal has been the saving to the people of the interest which other- wise must have been paid on these Dbillions of dollars. SR Lindbergh’s Deserts. “I wonder if I really deserve all thi exclaimed Charles Lindbengh yesterday on the deck of the Mem- phis, as the cruiser was met by a flo- tilla of destroyers and a squadron of airplanes on her way into the Capes. Fresh from the highest honors that ever Europe has paid to a private citl- zen, with the roars of crowds and the praises of heads of states and the ac- claim of the press of all lands, he was coming home to receive the thanks of his own people for his great adven- ture. But no feeling of personal im- portance possessed him as he saw the first evidences of the spirit animating the American Nation. The same mod- esty that won the hearts of all with ploneers, and it was with the deepest sorrow that America came to accept their fate as assured. Search is still in progress for traces of them, though hope is faint. America owes to France a debt of gratitude for its wonderful welcome of Lindbergh while the sorrow in that country for Nungesser and Coli is still fresh, and today America pays tribute to those two gallant French- men who made the great adventure and were defeated by nature. Lindbergh’s Mother. ‘Washington is proud to have pres- ent here today on this occasion, that so thrills the American heart, the mother of Charles A. Lindbergh, to whom is paid the highest tribute of credit for the character of this won- derful youth. During the three weeks that have passed since the world was startled by the Lone Eagle's flight across the Atlantic Mrs. Lindbergh has shared the attention of the people of this country. It has been evident that the high qualities shown by her son in facing the severest test that a young man could possibly meet, in his hour of success, were possessed by his mother, and universally the thought has obtained that to her he owes his rare endowment. There is in evidence at this time in the world, and particularly the western world, a disposition of youth to assume independence of parental authority, to spurn the advice of fathers and mothers, often with dis- tressing results. Neglect of parental responsibilities has led to many fail- ures. Boys and girls unduly sophisti- cated have gone on their own courses with little check, sometimes with a lack of home influences for good. That this is not a universal tendency is shown, however, by many examples that come to attention, and this case of young Lindbergh is happily demon- strative of the fact that careful train. ing and wholesome influence. in the home still prevail. Charles Lindbergh succeeded in his great adventure, and succeeded even more markedly in the test that fol- lowed it, because of character, and in whom he came in contact abroad was evident. In those few words Lindbergh mani- fested the character that, even more than his accomplishment itself, has endeared him to millions. He has done a great thing, but he has done it not in a spirit of bravado, or rivalry, or competition, but as one who be- lieves thoroughly in the future de- velopment of aviation and who wants to advance it, as one who pioneers, not for rewards, but for the enlarge- ment of the frontiers of human achievement. And in his success he takes small credit to himself. He gives it to others, those who built the plane and those who developed the motor and the accessories that ena- bled him to make a straight, true flight. There is no question in the minds of the millions who today welcome Lind- bergh' home as to his deserts. The thought that he has been overpraised and unduly exalted finds no lodgment with the Nation. Its only desire is to express itself adequately, and that is difficult.” It thrilled with pride and gladness with the word that his heroic flight was successfully completed. But that moment, three weeks ago today, when he touched land in France, at his exact objective, was not the cli- max. Steadily, from hour to hour, the feeling of admiration for the Lone Eagle, as America has come to call this young airman, has risen, as he has manifested the finest qualities of manhood, the capacity for sincere un- derstanding, the tact and skill in meet- ing difficult and possibly embarrassing situations, and above all the modesty with which he has received honors. Deserve it all? Why, there is no limit to the deserts of this youth. He has declined honors and fortune. He has refused to commercidlize his great success. He recognizes that his flight was in the interest of aviation, far more than a personal exploit, and that he has work to do in completion of it in the advancement of - aviation to practical uses. And to that he will de- vote himself henceforth, regardless ot rewards, indifferent to fortune, just as he was indifferent to his own welfare when he started from these shores twenty-two days ago. ——————— A few words front Mr. McAdoo re- able to relieve the Democratic party forever from the ancient suspicion of being in league with the Demon Rum. e ———— Chinese politiclans are usually luxu- rious in taste, and are showing a dis- position to prefer Russia’s caviar to #ts “‘communism. ————————— Nungesser and Coli. In this hour of America’s triumph, as Lindbergh steps foot upon his na. tive soil to receive the acclaim of the American people for flying over the Atlantic, thought is given to those two gallant Frenchmen who shortly be- fore the Lone Eagle winged his way across in safety had undertaken the great adventure and failed. Nungesser and Coli, two of the best airmen in France, flying a plane that represented the highest achievement in invention and fabrication, lost the great race, and it is feared lost their lives. Nothing is known of their fate. They simply disappeared into the void and to this hour no trace has been found of them. There is ground for belief that they met a storm, perhaps that their plane was coated with sleet, which so overweighted it that it sank. It may have gone down at sea in a nose dive that carried it straight to the bottom without breakage, and hence without leaving debris later to be identified and to tell the story of their fate. Perhaps they made land and crashed in the wilderness in the vast timbered and rocky region that stretches north of the Gult of St. Lawrence, a space so immense that it is next to impossible to search it thoroughly. Had Nungesser and Coli made their flight, landing safely at their objective, they would have been acclaimed as Lindbergh was acclaimed in France. There would not have been quite the same quality to their performance as the single-handed manipulation of the Spirit of St. Louis by the young American, for there were on board their machine two highly experienced veal the fact that leadership is avail-| great degree it is clear that he owes it to the woman who today shares the plaudits of the country, who, when her son's name was on the lips of count- less millions, went on with her work at home, refused honors and atten- tions, and who in coming here to be the first to greet him on the soil of his homeland avoided ostentation and special privileges. In making Mrs. Lindbergh their guest for the stay in Washington, the President and Mrs. Coolidge pay a tribute to motherhood which s shared by all the millions of Ameri- cans proud of this great feat and of the youth who has accomplished it., A musical producer had a hard jour- ney to the Atlanta Penitentiary. He should have held his nerve. There is a great deal of native talent in every penitentiary, and he may yet pull himself together and organize a new style of show. R S A great many people are now send- ing post cards to aviators under a mistaken impression that they have the leisure to appreciate personally applause by mail, like radio perform- ers. D —— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Big Day. Once on a time, in simple truth, We hailed a player called ‘“Babe Ruth.” And made remarks, both grave and gay, About 'Gene Tunney, day by day. ‘We must suspénd that old renown, Since Charley Lindbergh came to town. The tennis racket stands aside. No more the golf club swings with pride. Around the track the race hoss .goes. They're all observed with mild repose By prince or pauper, sage or clown, Since Charley Lindbergh came to town. Perhaps this fame is for a day And swift will speed its fleeting way, But while it’s here it is complete— A fame that memories must repeat. These cheers all other plaudits drown, When Charley Lindbergh comes to town! New Requirements. “What is your opinion of aviation?” “I don’t know anything about it,” answered Senator Sorghum. “But I'm afraid of it. If all the ovations are going to airmen we statesmen may as well take off our coats and learn to f Torrents. When we the rivers hold at bay ‘Whose currents wreck and drown, 'Perhaps we next will find a way To hold the crime wave down. Rehearsal, “You look foolish,” said the friend. “Think so?” “And you talk silly.” ‘Are you sure?” “Of course. You are beginning to act like a moron.” “Don’t weaken in your opinion. I feel a temptation to commit a crime and I want the alienists on my side.” Jud Tunkins says a really deter- mined woman with a quick tongue can find plenty of ways to get rid of a husband without killing him. “We eminent persons,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “parade our plictures to the world, hoping to be judged more by magnificent appear- ance than by what we write or speak.” Relief, “Do you want farm relief?” “Yes,” answered Mr. Stringbean. “And after the farmers get all the relief they need, I hope there will be a little to spare for us suburban gardeners.” Fisherman's Luck. Chance may defeat our wishin’. We regret it. Some day we'll jes' go fishin’ And forget it. “Dis world s gittin’ so grouchy,” sald Uncle Eben, “dat de only sure way of gittin’ good news is to save navigators of the air. Yet they would have been greeted as herces and ag 3 up yoh money an’' hand it to a for- tune tOler” i @i THIS AND THAT gyg BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Ralph Waldo Emerson, America’s great sage, who wrote for all time, not just for a day, sketched a por- trait of Charles A. Lindbergh, in his essay on “Heroism.” Long, long ago, Emerson set down his ideas of what a hero should be; and let us today, while the heroic Lindbergh is a guest of the National Capital, pause long enough to trace out the relationship. The very bit of strange Timersonian verse at the head of this essay pic- tures the flyer breatsing the hail- storm: “Ruby wine is drunk by knaves; Sugar spends to fatten slaves; Rose and vine-leaf deck buffoons; Thunderclouds are Jove's festoons, Drooping oft in wreaths of dread Lightning-knotted round his head; The hero is not fed on sweets, Daily his own heart he eats; Chambers of the great are jails, And head-winds right for royal sails.” See how well Emerson understood the welcome awaiting a heroic deed and its doer: “When any Rodrigo, Pedro or Va- lerio_enters, though he is 2 stranger, the duke or governor exclaims, “This is a_gentleman,” and proffers civilities without end, but all the rest are slag and refuse. So Paris took Lindbergh to its heart, after his flight through the clouds, flying with the head-winds fit for the “royal sail’! of his monoplane. * ok kX Emerson pictures Lindbergh, self- reliant, sure of himself, daring, in- telligent, brave, yet modest, in the following: “‘Our culture must not omit the arming of the man. “Let him hear in season, that he is born into the state of war, and that the commonwealth and his own well- being require that he should not go dancing in the weeds of peace: but warned, self-collected, and neither defying nor dreading the thunder, let him take both reputation apd life in his hand, and, with perfect urbanity, dare the gibbet and the mob by the absolute truth of his speech and the rectitude of his behavior.” Measured by the Emersonian yard- stick, Col. Charles A. Lindbergh is every inch a hero. He did not *go dancing in the weeds of peace™; in- stead, self-collected, “and neither defy- ing nor dreading the thunder” Atlantic, he did, -indeed, “take both his reputation and life in his hand,” and with perfect urbanity set sail for France: and, once there, by the ab- solute truth of his speech and the rectitude of his behavior, win the admiration of the world. ‘While others sat around discussing the trip, Lindbergh flew from Cali- fornia to New York. He, too, heard the discussion of the dangers. But does he quail? Says Emerson: “Towards all this external evil the man within the breast assumes a_war- like attitude, and affirms his ability to cope single-handed with the in- finite army of enemies.” ‘Why, it is almost as if the tall, wise Emerson, who loved real men, saw, in his mind’s eye, the tall Lindbergh standing by the side of his plane, ready to hop-off. “To this military attitude of the soul we give the name of Heroism,” he continues. “Its rudest form is the contempt for safety and ease, which makes the attractiveness of war. t is a self-trust which slights the restraints of prudence, in the plenti- tude of its energy and power to repair the harms it may suffer. And the following—how like Lind- bergh: “The hero is a mind of such bal- ance that no disturbances can shake his will; but, pleasantly, and, as it were, merrily, he advances to his his own music. "Twas the music of his roaring engine which Emerson, being wiser than most men, heard in dreams so long ago. * K KK “There is somewhat in great ac- tions which does not allow us to go behind them. Heroism feels and never reasons, and therefore is al- ways right.” And, therefore, Paris, and Belgium, and England, and the United States fell in love with Lindbergh. There was no going behind his great ac- tion. There was no need for apol- ogies or post mortems” here. His heroism was of the sort one feels, not reasons about, and therefore it was right! Indeed, has there ever been an act, and its reception, in all world his- tory, more ‘right” than this? Emerson, picturing his hero, con- tinues: “Heroism works in contra- diction to the voice of mankind. (Note: Those who say ‘it can’'t be done’) and in contradiction, for a time, to the voice of the great and good. (Note: But timid.) Heroism is an obedience to a secret impulse of an individual's character. “Now, to no other man can its wisdom appear as it does to him, for every man must be supposed to see a little farther on his own proper path (Nate: to France!) than any one else.” The essence of heroism, the essence of Lindbergh, are one and the same: “Self-trust is the essence of heroism. It is the state of the soul at war; and its ultimate objects are the last deflance of falsehood and wrong and the power to bear all that can be afflicted by evil agents.” Lindbergh defled traditions, false fears, timidity; and felt his power to bear all that night and storm might bring him on his long journey alone. . “Self-trust persists, it is of an un- daunted boldness and of a fortitude not to be wearied out. Its jest is the littleness of common life.” Oh, we who stay at home and tread pavements—what did Lindbergh tell us: “Those who have not sailed above the clouds and seen the moonlight upon them have missed one of the most beautiful scenes this world has to offer.” * ok ok K Heroes, sald Emerson, “fan the flame of human love and raise the standard of civil virtue among man- kind. Certainly Lindbergh has done just that. ‘The heroic soul does not sell its justice and its nobleness. It does not ask to dine nicely and to sleep warm.” But what takes his fancy most, he says, in the heroic class, “is the good humor and hilarity they exhibit. It is a height to which common duty can very well attain, to suffer and to dare solemnly. “But these rare souls set opinion, success and life at so cheap a rate that they will not soothe their enemies by petitions or the show of sorrow, but wear their own habitual great- ness.” ‘And again: “Simple hearts put all the history and customs of this world behind them and play thelr own game.” That's what Lindbergh did. Emerson sends us this parting thought: “Let us find room for this great guest in our small houses.” ‘Wherever the name of Charles A. Lindbergh is spoken today, he comes as a heroic guest, exalting the place and making it, in a sense, a habita- tion of heroes. Huntington Praised as Rare Friend of Humanity and Art One of the most liberal of American patrons of art and letters, Henry Ed- ward Huntington, arranged before his recent death to give to the public his famous collection of paintings, books and manuscripts, splendidly housed at San Marino, Calif. He also established a trust fund of $8,000,000, the income from which is to be used for the furtherance of research in American and English history. Thus, although Mr. Huntington had had a notable career as a railroad and industrial leader, it is as a patron and connois- seur of art that he will be remembered and that his name is being lauded to- day in the press. California papers are enthusiastic In praise of their State’'s adopted son. “Those who had the good fortune to claim Henry E. Huntington as per- sonal friend,” declares the Pasadena Star-News, ‘“bear testimony to the splendid character of the man and his innate refinement and devotion to lofty ideals. He has written his career in letters big and bold, in in- estimable service to Southern Califor- nia. He treated his great wealth as something to hold in trust, in large measure, for the benefit of the public. He chose his own form of public bene- faction. And it stands as a noble, towering monument to the man and to his ideals.” Says the Los Angeles Daily Times: “Henry E. Huntington, the man whose visions, alike in industry and art, always came true, has passed, and yet he is only beginning to live. He has left behind him a shrine that more will visit every year than make the long pilgrimage to Stratford-on- Avon. A legend will attach to his name—a legend formed about the great library and art galleries on the hills of San Marino * * * that he dedicated ‘to the people of the world.” Rare are the citizens, under any flag or sky, who have performed an equally emi- nent public service.” * K K K After recording the part Mr. Hunt- ington played in the material develop- ment of Los Angeles, the Evening Express of that city declares that “his service to Los Angeles was not, how- ever, confined to material benefits, but esthetic and cultural as well. He held that nothing was more practical than the beautiful,” says the Express, “he was an earnest patron of move- ments to preserve natural beauty spots and create new, and he em- ployed his large wealth generously, almost lavishly, in the collection of works of art until his gallery and library at his home in Pasadena have become famed over the world.” In its tribute to “H. E. Huntington, benefactor,” the Long Beach Press- Telegram describes him as “a man rich in worldly possessions, but, far above and better than this, he was rich in ideals, in esthetic tastes and in treasures of mind, heart and soul.” The San Francisco Bulletin finds it difficult to determine which is California’s greatest debt to him, “the improvement he has made in our transportation service or his service in the field of art and letters.” That paper describes Huntington as a man whose “twin energies were devoted to developing latent resources and to bringing here the treasures of the world.” Mr. Huntington reared more than a mere treasure house at San Marino,” in the estimation of the New York Herald Tribune. ‘“‘He concen- trated in his library the immemorial standards, ‘the best that has been thought and sald in the world.’ And his pictures happen to be among those which embody certajn classical prin- ciples, forever recalling the student to the law and order established in monu- mental_portraitur The Brooklyn Daily Eagle sees his memory as an enduring one, and the collection at Ban Marino is praised by the Rochester Times Union as ‘“one which has aroused the admiration of scholars and booklovers, not only because of the rare and costly books it contains, but also because of its general excel- lence.” The Buffalo Evening News calls attention to the fact that “Gains- borough's ‘Blue Boy’ and the original manuscript of Benjamin Franklin's autobiography were among his most noted possessions.” EEE Many other tributes are paid. The Atlanta Journal says, “Only a rare spirit would have given itself to such pursuits; only a great heart would have left such a memorial.” The Newark Evening News, “His famous paintings and books will remain a joy forever to untold millions to come.” The Providence Journal, “Fortunate is the land in which private pleasure so richly translates itself into public benefit.” The Cincinnati Times-Star, ‘“‘He established an artistic and intel- lectual colony of inanimate things on the Pacific Coast, to which the rest of the world must come if it would ap- preciate to the full its civilization.” The Lincoln State Journal, while ac- knowledging its amazement “over the length of the list of corporations and industries he has developed during his long life,” declares that “Hunt- ington's great museum given to the people of California will prove his noblest and most enduring monu- ment.” As to the importance of the be- quest to the “people,” the New York Times says: “His library is not a display of curios; It is a systematic working collection and in some great fields outstrips the British Museum on its own ground. He designed it for the writer and research scholar. Its full wealth is not vet known—it will take years to catalogue its man- uscripts; but it will draw students from all over the world to distant San Marino.” How engrossing was Mr. Hunting- ton's interest in rare books is re- vealed- by the Baltimore Sun, which directs attention to the fact that “the last volume to claim this million- aire’s attention before he died had no connection with commerce. It was a catalogue of books published in England between 1475 and 1640." UNITED STATES IN WORLD WAR Ten YearT;;o Today Threatened fight for nation-wide prohibition assumes ~definite shape when Senate judiclary committee, with only three dissenting votes, re- ports out resolutién proposing such an amendment to the Federal Consti- tution. * ¢ * Secretary Daniels causes stir before Senate committee on naval affairs by charging that ‘“‘either a spy or a traitor” had stolen records from the Navy's confidential files. * * ¢ Germany notifies United States that she regards the 74 Amerl- can merchant sailors, brought in by the raider Moewe, as prisoners of war and will treat them as such. * & * Increase in U-boat sinking leads of- ficials to opinion that Germany is waging a more intensive submarine campaign. * * * President’s note to Russla, published today in Germany, a big sensation. * * * Lord Northcliffe reaches this country to assume work as head of British W Mission in the United State: * Representatives of organized labor visit White House and President there is r of seriou: unrest among labor_u imuiedjately adopts THE LIBRARY TABLE By the Booklover. Edith Wharton has come tv be con- sidered the interpreter, in fiction, of New York soclety from 1840 to the present time. When she began to write, about 1900, she used European, | especially Italian, settings for some of her stories, which immediately caused he: to be rated as an artist in creating atmosphere in perfect harmony with characters and theme. Some of these early works were “The Touchstone,” “Crucial Instances,” “The Valley of Decision” and “Sanctuary.” She soon, however, began to write novels of New York society. Her first novel of this type to be widely read and discussed was “The House of Mirth,” published in 1905. The social “house of mirth was shown to be u sad dwelling on the inside, and Lily Bart, the chief char. acter, was represented as typical of the woman who lives by her s&)clul qualities, for social advancement. “The Fruit of the Tree” followed in 1907 anc caused considerable difference ot opinion because of the ethical problem whick it introduced. A variation of her New York novels took the form of novels of life in the American col- ony in Paris. Her New Yorkers of fashion and wealth relleved their bore- dom by spending months or years in Paris, and Mrs. Wharton followed them there and recorded 'their activities, which more frequently than not in- cluded divorce. It is especially In these novels that Edith Wharton has been called the disciple of Henry James, “The Reef,” “The Custom of the Country,” “Glimpses of the Moon and “A Son at the Front” show Ameri- can and French ideas in contrast, with Paris as the chief background. In two novels, considered by some critics Mrs. Wharton’s best, she Las taken New England as her scene and nar- row, almost primitive, New England characters to act in the tragi: stories. “Ethan Frome” and “Summer” are not “pleagant” stories, but “Ethan Frome” is a piece of art unexcelled by, few, if any, pieces of American fiction. Recently Mrs. Wharton has devoted herself_almost entirely to stories of New rk—The Mother's Recom- pense,” “The Age of Innocence” (New York in the 70s), the .eries of four novelettes called “Old New York” and including “False Dawn.” a story of the 40s; “The Old Maid,” 4 story of the 50s; “The Spark,” a story of the 60s, and “New Year's Day,” a story ot the 70s. Her last novel, published re- cently, is “Twilight Sleep.” EEEE “Twilight Sleep” shows New York society life today, and perhaps in an immediate tomorrow, but Mrs. Whar- ton makes no attempt to prophesy where the feverish activity, the jazz, the changing of all old standards, the growing complication of life will ulti- mately lead. She sees modern New Yorkers of wealth living in a “twi- light sleep” of illusions, of deliberate- ly cultivated blindness to actuality, especially to the actuality which in- volves unpleasant duties. But it is certainly not a restful sleep which she plctures; rather it is a nightmare of hectic activity, futile, too; like all ac- tion in nightmares, when one continu- ally tries to do something but is un- able to accomplish it. Pauline Man- ford divides her day into 15-minute and half-hour periods, with an engage- ment for each period, which, with the help of her invaluable secretary, she tries to attend to as conscientiously as if the items on the engagement list really amounted to something. ‘“Men- tal uplift,” “Correspondence,” “Psy- choanalysis,” “Facial massage,” “Man with Persian miniatures,” “See cook,” “Silent meditation,” “Sit for bust,” “Receive Mother’s day deputation,” “Dancing lesson,” “Birth control meeting,” “Dinner for Amalasuntha’ or “Dine with Rivingtons"—these and similar entries crowd her -calendar every day. When she goes to Cedar- ledge, for the benefit of her family, for two weeks at Easter, she merely replaces New York actlvities with a new set. Here she plans a new plumbing system, orders thousands of new shrubs and bulbs, endows a vil- lage fire department, builds a chicken hatchery, installs a heated swimming pool. One must admit that her coun- try activities seem more sensible and interesting than those of the city. Her daughter-in-law, Lita, sneers at Pau- line’'s way of life, but her own is as feverish and more futile. To dance by day and by night, to pose continu- ally in exotic clothes, to attract the attention of any and every man, the waiters in restaurants if no one else is about; to shock other women, to es- cape all boredom if possible, to make her husband give her a divorce, be- cause he no longer interests her, so that she can take a movie contract at Hollywood—such are Lita's aims and ideals. Only Nona ever finds time to think and to wonder where they are all going and why. And her thinking serves but to make her unhappy, for “She thought, ‘I feel like the oldest person in the world, and yet with the longest life ahead of me, * * *' and a shiver of loneliness ran over her.” e Scorn for the ease-loving tourist who motors everywhere, even up mountains, when he should be tramp- ing and climbing, is unconcealed in Karl Pomeroy Harrington's ‘“Walks and Climbs in the White Mountains.” The author is trail supervisor for the Appalachian Mountain Club and knows from experience all the joys missed by the person who does not work his way through woods and over peaks. He knows that Mount Wash- ington is not all of the White Moun- tains, though it is all many people see. He outlines a trail journey which shows the wildest and loveliest parts of the New Hampshire moun- tains and along which are sufficiently numerous log shelters. The route in- cludes parts of the Franconia, Presi- dential and Mahoosuc Ranges, Lost River, Mount Lafayette, the Profile, the Flume, Zealand Ridge, Mount Washington, Carter Dome and Ma- hoosuc Notch. Weeks might be spent camping along this route, or the hardy tramper could cover it in days. Mr. Harrington has illustrated his book with his own photographs. * ok ok K In the quarterly book list for the Spring of 1927, the Pratt Institute Free Library gives a list of 50 con- spicuous novels of the past quarter century (1901-1925). ~English, Ameri- can, French, Spanish, Dutch, Norwe- gian, Swedish and Polish authors are included. Some of the novels are: “The Old Wives' Tale,” by Arnold Bennett; “The Shadow of the Cathe- dral,” by V. Blasco-Ibanez; “The Great Hunger,” by Johan Bojer; “The Way of All Flesh,” by Samuel Butler; “Vietory,” by Joseph Conrad; *Small Souls,” by Louis Couperus; “The Gods Are Athirst,” by Anatole France; “The Forsyte Saga,” by John Gals- worthy; “The Growth of the Soil,” by Knut Hamsun; “Java Head,” by Jo- seph Hergesheimer; “Sussex Gorse,” by Sheila Kaye-Smith; “Conrad in Quest of His Youth,” by Leonard Merrick; “Pelle, the Conqueror,” by Martin A. Nexo; “Hetty Wesley,” by A. T. Quiller-Couch; “The Pheasants, by Ladislas Reymont; ‘Jean-Chris- tophe,” by Romain Rolland; “‘Franklin Winslow ™ Kane,” by Anne Douglas Sedgwick; “The Divine Fire,” by May Sinclair; “The Matriarch,” by G. B. Stern; “Fortitude,” by Hugh Walpole; “Mr. Britling Sees It Through,” by H. G. Wells, and “The House of Mirth,” by Edith Wharton. Its Own Publicity. From the New York Herald Tribune. ‘We cannot see why a monument should be erected to the discoverer of Camembert cheese. It would be im possible for any one in the neighbor- hood to help discovering it. tion legislation to prevent inflated war prices. * * * Secretary Daniels exhorts officers and men of Navy to subscribe liberally to_ Liberty loan. * * * Gen. Goel orders i more ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Q. What are the largest airplane and dirigible that the United States owns?—P., B. A. The largest airplane possessed by the United States is the Barling Bomber; the largest dirigible is the Los Angeles. Q. How many people does a big cir- cus carry?—T. N. A. The biggest circus on the road carries 1,600 people. Q. How old must a man be to drive in automobile races? Is an examina- tion given?—C. W. A. It is necessary to be 21 years of age before an automobile racing driver can be registered by the Amer- ican Automobile Association. This or- ganization requires that the racing drivers registered undergo a thorough physical examination once a year. This examination requires strong physical fitness as to the eyes, hearing and heart. Q. What actor became a leading man in New York City at the earliest age?—S. T. R. A. This distinction is clalmed for James K. Hackett, who became lead- ing man at the Lyceum when 24 years old. Q. Is wheat grown in Alaska?— E. A. N. A." The Department of Agriculture says some wheat has been grown in Alaska and that it has been demon- strated that it is possible to raise there a great part of the wheat needed in the Territory. Q. What comprises the Pacific Fleet? Which are the largest bat- tleships?—C. E. K. A. The Pacific Fleet consists of 12 battleships, 40 destroyers, about 37 submarines, 1 light cruiser, 1 aircraft carrier, 12 squadrons of aircraft. The base of the fleet is San Diego-San Pedro. The largest and most modern warships on the Pacific Coast are the Maryland, the West Virginia and the Colorado, Q. Which States were first settled by Spaniagds?—W. O'C. A. The following States were first settled by Spaniards: California, San Diego, 1769; Florida, St. Augustine, 1565; New Mexica, Santa Fe, 1582; Texas, San Antonio, 1690. Q. When was the cotton fabric calied sateen first made?—M. E. S. A. Records do not tell in what year sateen was first manufactured. It is first mentioned in English literature in 1878 in Barlow's History and Prin- ciples of Weaving. . Can you tell me about Ralph Forbes, who played the part of John Geste in “Beau Geste”?—G. T. A. Ralph Forbes is a young Eng- lish actor. He has been on the stage for some time and is married to Ruth Chatterton. He made his screen debut in “Beau Geste.” He plays an important role with Lon Chaney in “Mr. Wu.” Q. What State received the most $16,502,123. Ohio was second with $13,257,266, Pennsylvania third, with $11,781,782; Florida. fourth, with $11,- 431,486, and Michigan fifth, with $10,081,776. Q. How can strawberries be pre- served with honey?—F. B. A. Take equal weights of straw- berries and honey; mix the two and ary in the sun, or preferably in a warm oven; put into carefully sterilized glasses and seal with paraffin. Q. What per cent of the world's steel is produced in the United State: M —E. M. C. , A. The United States produces 66 per cent of the world's steel. . How many children died of diphtheria before the discovery of diphtheria antitoxin?>—S. S. J. A. Thirty-three of every hundred children who caught diphtheria used to die before the discovery of diph- theria antitoxin. Q. What is the Russian word for friend or pal?—L. W. C. A. The Russian word is “drug,” pro- nounced approximately as though spelled “droog.” Q. What city ranks second in meat packing?—A. H. A. The Department of Commerce Says that in the meat packing indus- Chicago ranks first and Kansas City, Kans., second, Q. Has the project for construct- ing a tunnel under the English Chan- nel made any progress recently?— H.C.B. A. The scheme was vetoed by the imperial defense in 1924 and has been abandoned for the time being. Q. What is the Harmon Founda- tion?—G. R. D. A._This was organized in 1922 by ‘W. E. Harmon, largely for the pur- pose of lending financial assistance to communities wishing to open play- grounds. Q. Is the formation of gallstones a modern development?—S. F. N. A. Stone formations have been found in mummies more than 4,000 vears old. Since the time of Hip- pocrates, 400 years before Christ, phy- siclans have attempted to explain the cause of such calculi formations. Q. Are the majority of scissors ma- chine-made?—C. E. D. A. About 90 per cent of the scis- sors and shears in this country are made almost entirely by hand. Stop a minute and think about this fact. You can ask The Evening Star Information Bureau any question of fact and get the answer back in a personal letter. It is a great educa- tional idea introduced into the lives of the most intelligent people in the world—American newspaper readers. It is a part of that best purpose of & newspaper—service. - There is mo charge ezcept 2 cents in stamps for return postage. Get the habit of ask- revenue from the gasoline tax?— A. torist, According to the American Mo- California led the list with ing questions. Address your letter to The Evening Star Information Bureou, Frederic_J. Haskin, Director, Wash- ington, D. C. BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. Canada protests against the enforce- ment of the United States immi- gration restriction law of 1924, which the Department of Labor has taken three years to discover should be put into operation against foreigners domi- ciled in Canada but employed daily in the United States in competition with American labor. There are more than one problem involved in the present situation, also several angles from which the law is viewed. Minister Massey writes a letter to Secretary of State Kellogg, in which he cites a treaty known as the Jay treaty, adopted in 1794, under which both countries agree to permit the passing and repassing of the “imaginary line” between Canada and the United States. That treaty pro- vides: “It is agreed that it shall at all times be given to his majestry’s sub- jects and to the citizens of the United States, and also to the Indians dwell- ing upon either side of the boundary line, freely to pass and repass by land or inland navigation into the respec- tive territory and countries of the two parties on the continent of America. * * * The article is intended to render in great degree the local ad- vantages of party in common to both and thereby to promote a disposition favorable to friendship and good neighborhobd.” That covers three classes of people: (1), Subjects of his majesty, no matter where born; (2) citizens of the United States, not including mere domiciliary residents thereof; (3) Indians. * ¥ The Jgy treaty is the “supreme law of the land,” as are all treaties. Congress has no right under the Con- stitution to pass any law superior to the provisions of an existing treaty. Therefore, if the Johnson immigra- tion law of 1924 really violates the Jay treaty, so much the worse for “It can't be done—but here ue is drawn, therefore, on the question as to what is the proper legal construction to be put on the wording of the treaty—"his majesty’s subjects.” Canada claims that a Br ish-born subject, now domiciled in Canada, is still one of “his majesty’s subjects,” and, therefore, is entitied to “pass and repass” without being challenged. He may have just ar: rived in Canada, having been unable to get a British visa into the United States, where he knows wages are higher per day than they are per week in England. He is “his maj- esty's subject,” therefore, by sleeping in Canada he can have all the ad- vantages of employment in Detroit or alo, at American wages. The Jay treaty of 123 years aga so provides, if it be read from the Canadian side. e The Johnson immigration law ex- empts all native-born citizens of any country in this hemisphere from the quota provisions applying to Europe. A project is under consideration for the next Congress to modify that “open door” so that quotas will apply to American countries as well as to European, at 2 per cent of the num- ber of the respective nationalities al- ready in the United States, according to the census of 1890, This quota basis may be changed after the present fiscal year to a new basls known as “national origins” of all American races, including the descendants of the colonial Americans. But that does not appear to affect the present dispute hetween Canada and our Department of Labor, if it be centered on the Jay exempting " all “British sub- jects” whether born in Canada or England, Scotland, Wales or Ulster— all being exempt from any limitation provided they come in through Can- ada and return nightly or each week end to Canada. * ok ok ¥ The prime object of immigration re- striction is to protect American citi- Bureau thres years to construe the law of 1924, and Minister Massey thinks that that delay gives aggra- vation to the injustice of the law— actually violates what amount to “vested rights” of “nunc pro tune.” There are from 4,000 to 6,000 Cana- dian subjects of his majesty who cross from Windsor to Detroit every . morning and back to Windsor each night, earning while in Detroit some §5_to $10 for eight hours’ work. While that number is not a great percentage of the total population of Canada, it amounts to some 15 per cent of all wage earners of Windsor and to shut them off from their De- troit jobs suddenly would be a calam- \ity. It would also be demoralizing to Detroit employers. However, with- in the last six months, there has been in Detroit a very serious-non-em- ployment depression, which resulted from a slump in automobile manu- facture. ~There were some 150,000 men and women out of employment and it is alleged that due to that situation the local labor unions have brought pressure to bear upon the Immigration Bureau to enforce the law against this “unfair” competition of Canadians. The local situation now has eased somewhat, but the movement toward enforcement of the law had already 'gained mo- mentum. The Department of Labor, including its Bureau of Immigration, is executive and has no discretionary latitude in_enforcing whatever law is passed by Congress and signed by the President—until upset by a C?I:rt ruling as to its constitution- ality. . * ok ok ok Minister Massey argues in his let- ter to Secretary of State Kellogg, ‘“the Canadian laws make no distine- tion between citizens of Canadian birth and those of Eritish or foreign birth, who have acquired citizenship by domicile or naturalization, just as the laws of the United States make no distinction between native-born and naturalized citizens.” The American defenders of our law reply that we are not concerned as to what are Canadian laws of citizenship, for our immigration restriction law of 1924 does rot grant a mon-quota basis to “Canadian citizens,” but only to Canadian natives. That does not include any Canadian citizens not born in Canada. If even the Jay treaty be found to admit British-born natives, that would under no circumstances affect French- born Canadian citizens. However, a legalistic version reverts to the lan- guage of the Jay treaty, covering mot merely those people born in Can but all of “his majesty’s subjects’ and the Canadians declare that their own laws apply, without foreign defi- nition, in making anybody “his majes- ty's subjects,” How long will it take Congress to denounce the Jay treaty and recover unquestioned right to ex- clude such Canadians as it sees fit to exclude without the limitation of a passe treaty? is asked by the ultra- restrictionists. . In the meanwhile, the order, No. 86, of the Department of Labor gives the affected ones six months within which to procure immigration quota visas, entitling them to immigrate legally into the United States; then they will be entitled to journey out of our country whenever they want to g0 to bed in Canada and to return “home”—here—in the morning. Be- fore the end of the six months’ grace Congress will be in session, and the tempest in the English 4 o'clock tea- pot will have blown over. (Covyright. 1027, by Paul V. Collins.) LINDBERGH PA! MOUNT VERN%sfi.NG O Mighty Dead, whose ashes I revere! thee greetings of France’s flaming soul, zens and residents from competition of foreigners who do not come here sharing the responsibilities of our ob- ligations of citizenship and supporting American institutions, The opposition of the present status of wage earners in Detroit or Buffalo who come from Canada into our labor market and take the jobs of American wage earn- ers, then go over into Canada to pay taxes on their homes and to spend their wages with Can merchants, declares that that practice is the very antithesis of protection to American lng;:ll‘: ;n.fl' Ammea':. labor. - Of Belgium's spotless Knight, & dn( En‘hm’l’ dear, nd pay my hom: at ti ‘whole world's :“; e Spirit of Washington Replies: Hail, Noble Youth! My youngest, dearest son! Upon thy brow I place my benison! son! Thou hast the :hudm of the