Evening Star Newspaper, January 23, 1927, Page 48

-2 THE EVENING STAR |private citizen places him beyond the With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY. January 23, 1927 THEODORE W. NOYES. ... Editor | The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office m«nxr slyanis Ave. East 49nd St. £ omeq: Tower Buildine England 111h St New York Chica European Régent St.. London, The Evenine Star. with the Sundar marn. | adition, ie daliverad W earriers within gty ot 80 cents por month daiy only. cenis per month: Sundags only. 2 ne i onta per month Orders may be ssnt by ‘mail or telephone Main 5000 Collaction is made by carrier at end of each month Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Dafly and Sundas....1yr.$9.00:1mo Daily only 1¥r 1061 mo. Sunday only 1313300 1 mo 780 £00 All Other States snd Canada. Daily and Sunday..1 yr. $12.00: 1 mo.. $1.00 Dailv only 1vrl saony ¢ Spnday only 1yr. $400:1mo. 35c Member of the Assoclated Press. The Associated Press is exclnsivéls 90 the Tien for rapublication of all news dis- tches cradited 10 1t or not otherwiss ered. 160 in this paper and also (he local news blished hefein. All rights of publication gDecial disnatihes herein are also reserved o Washington's Hospital Center. A long stép toward the creation in this city of a great medical center and hospital was taken vyestérday when an agreéement the trustees of three institutions for an amalgamation of Garfield Hospital, George Washington University Hos- pital and the Washington Home for Foundlings. Negotiations for this ac- complishment have been in progress for some time. Difficulties and ob- £tacles weré in the way, but even tually they have been surmounted. and finally a merger was éffectéd that promises rich results for the com- mMunity and greatly benefits all the institutions that are now to be brought into one organization. By this arrangément, éffected through mutual sacrifices for the #ake of the béttérments to be gained through amalgamation. without de- struction of their separaté corporate identities, each of the affiliated insti-| tutions is aseured of a larger scope of usefulness, and the whole bécomes & hospital center which may, in the coursé of a few yéars, grow through development and perhaps through furtheér additions and accéssions into oné of the largest in this country. Garfield Hospital gaine a direct and helpful association with an important medical collegé and is assured of an | incréased use of its accommodations | by the amalgamation with the George | ‘Washington University Hospital. The | latter hospital, now inadequately housed and équipped through lack of | immediately available resources, will bé énabled to contribute to the medi- ¢al school devélopment through the funds raiséd by thé événtual sale of 1t6 presént propérty, which is of great value, and the application of the yield of that sale to the erection of the neéw home of the éducational branch of thé hospital centér. Both of these institutions gain access to and use of the projected cancer research labora- tériés and hospital, endowed by a rich begueet t6 the Washington Home for Foundlings. And finally, that last. named institution becomes part of a great hospital érganization, to its own. material advantage. Together with these gaing o the in- stitutions includéd in the meérger, the cémmunity bénefits greatly through the stréngthéning of the medical re- seéarch and hospitdl facilities of ‘Washington. With this combination the Capital bécomes strongly equip- ped in the fight against disease. The othér hospitals of the city will con- tinué théir 6wn work, sérving capably and progréssively in théir 6wn flelds. Recently two of théem have merged, the Emergency and the Casualty, and they aré doing éxcéptionally valuable work under their united administra- tion. The otheér institutions may pre- fér t6 remain individual in organiza. tion, présérving their idéntities under their honored narmes. Thi¢ great medical and hospital center, with an active and well ad- ministéred medical school directly at- tached, 8 the résult of endeavors for Which Washingtén should giv thanks. All of those concerned in the merger, who have so skillfully solved thé difficult problems incident to the amalgamation, have won praise for theéir sérvicé t6 the Capital. ——— The era when the United States Benate was sarcastically réferred to 86 & “millionaire’s club” i& ancient history. In eounting campaign funds & “Bar’l of money’ is now figured ae excess baggage. ——————— Bome of the most brilliant financlers share the hard luck of the ordinary cltizen and become a little contused in flllIAg 6ut an income tax blank. T — “Ma’s” Merciful Spirit. Texas changed governors the ather day, when Mrs. Ferguson stepped was signed by | pale of the law. He cannot be prose- cuted. His wife, having left the office, cannot be impeached. There is no | statute against the usurpation of & public office by a citizen. Otherwise indictments might follow. The story of the pardons granted by Gov. Ferguson during her term of | office has beén told before. The in- | vestigating committea does not say | that all of the clemencies were not | meritorious, but it asserts that many |of them were. Tt points out that men guilty of évery erime were restored to cltizenship, and some criminals were pardoned even hefore they had reached the penitentiary, some being freed while on bail fmmediately after the failure of their appeals Here is what “Pa" Ferguson “Ma’'s” pardon record My wife issued about 3.600 proclama tions of clemency. The three gover nors up to Gov. Neff's term had issued about 2,600 each. (ov. Neff fell down and issued ahout 1,000 pardons. My wife had to make up for this slack ness, and she realized that many per sons ought to have been out of the peniténtiary yvears before. She may have made mistakes, but they were on the side of mercy. | In view of the legislative commit- |tee’s finding that it was actually “Jim" who did the pardoning, he is at least gallant in his attribution of a mereiful disposition to his wite. = o ia% Lloyd George's Triumph. An Associated Press dispatch from | London announces that ieaders of the Asquithian wing of the Liberal party have reésigned from the organization committee, leaving former Premier Lioyd George in complete control of the party, and that his followers now expect him to injéct new life into what remaine of the once dominant political group in Great Britain. It is assumed that Lloyd Géorge hae his eyvés on the premiership and expeects to stags a come-back, despite his ad vancing years. It is to be wondered if his chances measure up to his hopes. Informed students of British politics are in clinéd to the belief that the lines are so closély drawn bétweéen the Con- servatives and the Laborites that théré is no place in the equation for a middleof the-road Liberalism. At the last general election Liberal repre. sentation in Parllament was reduced almost to thée vanishing point, and | fubtequent bye-élections have not | bettered Libéral prospects. Nor was Lioyd Geéorge's attitude in the recent | general strike caleulated to increase his prestige. He tried to stay on the fence and lost the sympathy of both consérvativé and radical elements within the Liberal party. But there i8 oné phase o6f the situa- tion which i8 favorable to a return of modeérate Liberalism. The great bedy of Britieh peoplé are extremely weary of the class war which 18 kept alive by the hard-boiled Consérvatives on one &ide And the Labor radicals on the other. A& they continue to quarrél over théir reépective shares of a constantly. diminishing bone the danger looms that there soon will be no boné worth quarreling over. Con- tinuance of the Baldwin government in office is made possible only by the dole, and the dole, which at ita in- ception was to be paid out of national income, now 1# eating deep into the natienal capital. Taxés to maintain it are, in fact, a levy on eapital. Manifestly this cannot contifue indefi- nitély. The altérnative, should the Labor party comeé into power, would be the nationalization of Industry and unearned wages would take the place of the dole, but still to be paid through a capital Jevy. 3 1t Lloyd George can présent a program which promises to bring about co.opération betwéen capital and labor as a substitute for theé present class war—co-6péefation on a basis which would revivity British industry—his chanees of réturning to power might be éxcellent. But so far he has givéen no indication of having guch & program in the making —— o An undiscouraged democracy still enjoys a wealth of statesmanship that regards a presidential nomination as worth working for. - Film comedian involved in tax com- plieations {8 forbidden to sail for Eu- rope. He will have to “see America first. says of e Nine Robberies, No Arrests. Nine shops 'spéctalizing in fashion- | able women's wear have heen robbad | ot more than $100,000 in dresses and materiale during the past few months. The thieves have worked systém. atically to cléan out the stocks of these stores. They have invariably selected the hest type of shop to enter |and have shown a discerning taste in what they stole. Their methods have been almost identical in every case, pointing to a single gang of profes- sional burglaries. - Yet, despite the fact that thé first of these robberies took place many months ago, the | public 18 not aware that any progress | has heen made by the police toward down from that office and Dan Moody took it. That wag not the closs of the Ferguson episode, howsver, for | now comes the report of a special committee of the State Legislature which has lately been investigating the varisus State departments under the “Ma and Pa” regime, and it is of & nature to arouse Texas and greatly 6 interest the country at large. This investigation followed the fling of charges some months ago, when the impeachment of the woman governor was sought. The fact that it was not catehing the thieves or locating their market for stolen goods. | Nine identical robberies, and not a | clue! It not a record The dresses and materials have not venished into thin air; neither have théy hesn very much changed in appearance. ‘They are very probably reposing now in some salesroom in Baltimore, Philadelphia inr New York, waitinz to be sold, | uniess they have already been sold. It |is safe to assume that as soon as they were removed from Washington single is to envy. presented until after the change ocourred may be significant. According to this report, Mrs. Ferguson was governor only in name. The actual power rested with her husband, who is now accused of vir tually usurping the powers of the office and of making his position a source of financial profit to himself The committee charges that “Jim" Ferguson, who was himself impeached as governor in 1917, squandered mil llons of dollars of State highway | funde, took tribute from contract seekers, and was responsible for the “indiscriminate and superliberal” par don poliey, all of which his wife sanctioned. It i pointed out that nothing can be dome about this matter. The fact that the governor's hwsband was a f {by the gang they were sold to a | “tence,” who, in turn, disposed of jKh!m to either a legitimate store or |some shady merchant. | The public would like very much to know just what has been done by the police. Have known “fences” in other cities been investigated and |checked? Hae any general lookout been posted for the missing clothes or materials? Have the police taken the necessary precautions to aveld |a continuance of these depredations? | Are any of this type of stere in | Washington now being guarded, so |that if this gang tries again, the | chances of arrest are enhanced? In thort, has anything been done? If these robberies had been widely scattered over a period of years, or '} THE SUNDAY if there had been any diversity in the kind of gooda stolen, there might be reason for a complete puzziement on the part of the authorities. But a specialized gang such as this, appar- ently with only one thought in view, to steal the very finest of women's ®Arments, should not be so difficult to They have doubtless oper. ated in other cities, and it might be possible that a clue to identity could jbe procured by communication with {the New York or Philadelphia police, The local authorities may have taken all of these steps, hut results do not indieate it. The rohberies con tinue, and the loot is not found. The public is interested in results and ex pects them the generally e clent police force of the National Capital, from - Share With Others! Thrift but thrift should feontinue. Saving, wise investing, con { struetive spending, all should go on perhaps in acceleration hecause of the intensive educational work that has | been conducted during these past few | day It is not the thrift of the indi- vidual, however, that is alone needed. | Theré must be community thrift. There must be community insurance againgt thriftlessness and suffering due to misfortune. One of the finest forms of thrift sharing with others that which is not actually needed for the care of the individual or the family. This is not communism. It is recognition of a human obligation. It mutual helpfulness. Today has heen designated as ‘Share With Others” day. It has been so called because of the neces- ty for the supply of means for the relief of suffering in Washington. An emergency is at hand. The fact that fhe Winter has been mild may cause many people to wonder at the call for aid. But the fact remains that the demands upon the resources of the Associated Charities and the Citi/ zens' Relief Association have become too heavy to be met without creating a serious deficiency. Seasonal conditions do not alto gether govern this matter of suffer- ing by the poor. Il health, lack of employment and other bad fortune may come at any time. It is not in order to pause to ask why and where fore. There is suffering, and the funds Available to relieve it are not adequate. “Sharé with others” is the truest form of charity. Efficient and eco nomically administered agencies stand ready to Aispense that aid, after they have uncovérad thée cases. Their servicas are always available for in-| quiry and for dispensation. They are the flscal agents of those who believe in the principle of partnership be. tween all members of the same com munity, in respect to the needs of maintaining life. A community that does not care for its unfortunates, whatever the cause of thélr misfortunes, is Aerelict in duty. It must mest ite requirements or suffer from a social sickneas. S6, share with othérs the prosperity that good times have brought. Let thém have & tithe of the profite from thrifty savings and sound invest- ments, so that they may turn the corner and themselves start on the path of thrift. RS - Mascagni wants to forbid artists to leave their native land ih response to the lure of American gold. Italy no longer énjoys a comparativé monopoly of musie. Thig eountry hat developed great singers of ite own who may find encouragémeént in the lack of compé- tition. week ends, is “The argument about evolution still goes on flercely without causing any- body to change his mind. Most argu ments reprégent a clash of fixed idéas dekcending a& heiriooms. e SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Unknowing. Why do the roses fade? 1 dunno! Why are great minds afraid Strength to show? Why do planéts fiy Yonder in the aky? Here's the mame reply— 1 dunno! Why @on the robins sing? 1 dunno! Why do we welcome Spring, All aglow? In quest of mortal blise, When various thinge we miss, The answer's always this: 1 dunno! Ages. “Don't w1 sometimes were young again?” “No," anewered Senator Sorghum. “I have béén reading the papers. A man can be just a8 foolieh and fighty at thirty as he can At sixty.” Truth With Discretion. George Washington was truthful And yet held his position. He was in days more youthful A derngood politiclan! “Modern inventions,” &aid Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “emable us to become inétantly aware of a large number of thinge which do not par- ticularly interest us.” wish you | | 4ud Tunkins says a mince pie leaves vou in doubt whether alcohol is more | dangerous when drunk or when eaten. Dance Fashions, “I'd like to see the old-fashioned dances revived." “No use! said the contemplative citizen. “What the new-fashioned girl can do to an old-fashioned dance is enough to make you wish you were living in the past.” An Inspiration. Seated one day at the organ, He idled among the keys TiNl he hit on a ragtime measure That brought him both wealth and eaze. STAR, WASHINGTO EVERYDAY RELIGION BY THE RIGHT RE Bishop of RIGHTEOUS JUDGMENT. “Judge righteous judgment.’—St. John, vii.2) Balanced and fair judgment rare thing in our age and genor- ation. Unfair judgment issuing in unfair critieism and condemnation is #l) too common among us. When the great Master was delivering His sermon, which is glven in exte in the <pel, He dwelt with c upon the matter of fair and gene oug judgment. I the courge of th momentous utterance He said, “Judge not according 1o the appearance, but judge righteous judgment.” In another place He spoke of the d ger of unduly magnifying the mote In a brother's eye, forgetting the while the bheam in one's own eve. His whole attitude toward men was oné of large generosity. In ane of His heatitudes He sayvs, ‘“‘Blessed are the mereiful; for they shall obtain mer and in speaking of those who are the victims of persecution and false accusation He declares that they are to be assured hy the con- sciousness that they but share the experience of the Prophets that have gone hefore. Not an incident in His ministry but He disclosed, even to those openly convicted of sin, the spirit of supreme -gentleness and generosity Much, If not most, of the mise we experience in life comes misunderstanding, deliberate or othe unfair judgment, unjust or impugned motives. Many man or woman has gone down the battle of life with nothing is a in to sustain them saving their own con- | aciousnees of Innocence. It Is amaz- ing how, through innuendo or whis- pered ungenerous judgment, the fires of condémnation "are kindled and spread, until the fairest name is shad owed and besmirched. No onef is im muneé to this experience. Some time, =ometwhere, it seeme to touch the lives of one and all. No one is too pure, no one too honeet, no one too self. sacrificing to suffer from the word of ufigenérous uninformed and unjust judgment. It runs its gamut from the most exalted to the most lowl from the man seeking with utter eonsecration in public office to serve the general good to the lonaly mother who, in the seclusion of hér home, givee all that she has of heart and | mind to the safeguarding of those MAPS FOR BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. With the growth of aviation has comeé an increased Aemand for maps to guide aviators on leng flights. The Deépartment of Commerce has been charged with furthering the interests of civil aviation, and since the prepa ration of route maps will undoubtediy be one of the most important methods of doing this, the Coast_and Geodetic Survey is preparing “to take the air,” as it were. Col. E. Lester Junes, diréctor of the Coast and Geodetic Sutvey, points out that 1ess than half the area of the United States is covered by the kind of maps needed by aviators. And pilote of airplanes must have maps! A pllot who is frequentiv out of sight of 1and must be guided over the land, sven as the navigator of a ship Is guided over the sea by charts and 4ids to navigation. Col. Jones goes on tc say that the aviator who cannot see the ground must depend upon a barometer, but thi€ {8 set to give eievations above the eea Instead of the actual land surface. He may, therefore, believe himself to be several-thousands of feet above the earth, when as a matter of fact he is in imminent danger of strik- ing a mountain slope or peak. There- fore, maps of aérial routés must in some manner indicate the elevation of the ground. Also, topographic features such As oads, highways, rivers, clties, woods ana open country should he shown In their carrect shapes and positions, Such information a& the above may be obtained from ‘opographic maps. The trouble is, howevér, that at the présent time only about 40 per cent of the area of the couniry ie covered hy such maps. Algo, much of this should be resurveyed in oraer to bring the maps ub to daté, since they were sur- veyed 40 or more vears ago. Supplementing Topographic Maps. Col. Jones continues: “The Coast and Geodetic Survey for years has been extending accurate triangulation and leveling ovér the Interior of the country for survaying, mapping and other engineering uses. With this tri- angulation the highway system and the railread sy&tem of the country can be corrslated and placed in at feast approximately théir right positions on maps. The élevation furnished by the survey can be used for furnishing mean sea-level datim for surveying, mapping and engineering operations The topographic map cannot be accu rately made if the fundamental con- trol work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey in the form of leveling and tri- angulation has not heen completed for the area that is to be mapped.” Few largé areas of the United States have rontinuous topographic maps, and something should be done ahout this for the industrial and commercial uges of the people, as well as that route maps for airplanes may be ac- curatel d expeditiously construet- ed. Col. Jones savys that with only a slight increase of the engineering per- sonnel the fundamental control sys- tems of the country could be com pletéd within 10 years. After the work is once finished, it will never have to he done again. of the system of geodetic surveying used by the survey 18 so great that the needs of all time will he met, and it will only occasionaily be necessary to replace a triangulation station or leveling bench mark when old ones have been destroyad in some manner. Remarkable Accuracy. uncanny is completed sur- An accuracy almost shown in the recently vey of a line of levels across South Dakota. The line extends from Sioux Falls westward to Edgemont, . and forms a loop ‘with another line ahout 75 miles south, running from Edgemont back to Sioux Falls. The circuit is 1,035 miles long and the closing error of the circuit, or the difference between the elevation of the bench mark from which work was started and the elevation of the same hench mark computed through the leveling, was only about one one-thousandth of an inch per mile. The Coast and Geodetle Survey's av erage closing errors of circuits of this kind is ahout six one-thousandths of an inch per m In thelr work of surveying the coasts the engineers take many chances which would not be permit- ted the usual sea captain. husiness to safl uncharted waters, noting dangers that might lurk in walt for the unsuspecting vessel. They are the ones who dragged the Alaskan waters, so that pinnacle rocks might be avoided by tha merchant vessels. A Year Without a Wreck. 1t is said that formerly one of the principal ways of desighating such rocks was by naming them after ves. 2ol which had been wrecked upon them. That a certain number of ves “Shootin’ crap,” msaid Uncle Eben, “is a means of relaxation—'specially 16 loosen up yoh pocket- séls would be so wrecked each year whse taken much as a matter of course among those living in Alaska. After the Coast and Geodetic Survey had wire-dragged the area conditions im- *. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D, LL. D., from | Aaieiddl criticism The accuracy | | come more varied through differences It s their | W ashington. whom God has committed to her | care. One cannot read the biogra- phies of the good and the great with- out discovering, again and again, the heartache and anguish of those who, even in the face of selfless servi have suffered the “slings and arrows of outrageous fortune.” We raise a shaft of monumental grandeur to the name and fame of Washington, | but we cannot forger that he too ! was made to suffer by those who udged him and sought to sully his ‘pure name. There are those among nus still whose censorious habits are so strong npon them that thelr whole stand. ard of judgment, of men and women alike, «eems to find inspiration in the words “There is none that doeth ood, no not one.” las for the charity Under the sun.” It 1« safe to say that nothing is| more universally needed today in a | world distracted and torn, than a fair, balanced and well proportioned judgment. Even our youth are irained in atmospheres surcharged with the spirit of malevolence, and our drawing rooms find conspicuous delight in fragmentary bits of gos- «ip that are designed to bring dis- {eredit and disfavor to those who, with pure motives, are seeking the public weal. Fair judgment and fair criticism are wholesome, salutary and effective. They tend to correct mis- taken utterances, mistaken efforts nd mistaken 7 It is not these we have in mind. “The counsel of perfection” is helpful and stimulat- Ing to those of purest motives and finest zeal. If we were more given as vas the Master of old, to seeking | for the saving remnant of good in Al forms of life, we would set forward | His Kingdom, and bring to a world overshadowsd and confused by un- | righteous judgment a foretaste of | that time in which the judgment of a righteous God shall he meted to every man, and the wounds of every heart chall be healed by the love of a_ forgiving and merciful Savior. That is a fine sentence of Philip G. | Hamerton's whers he say. “The only hope of preserving what fs | best lies in the practice of an im- | mense charity, a wide tolerance, a | sincere respect for opinions that are | not ours.” “Judge not according to the appearance, but judge righteous judgment.” ST i AVIATORS of rarity Christian 1. year not a single orted }prh\'ed, until last wreck was re A study of earthquakes s by made by the !m\'e_ws =0 that !fx"’:: may be accurately predicted in order that people {n the area so affected may be warned. It fe, of course, im. possible to pravent such phenomena but people may he given some notice of an impending shock, so that they may be prepared. With respect te this, Col. Jones is particularly sarnest |In urging people to bulld their houses | with a due regard to their ahility to withstand such shocke. g | One might g0 on Indefinitely telling of the wonderful and often thrilling work of this organization. As one official has said, ‘Almost any question, foolish or othérwise, Involving any of the material scisrcés—astronomy, ge ology, mathematict, hydrography, selsmology et al-—can be answerad by some one of the scientigts in this bureau.” The beést part of it fe that these scientists seem able to put into actual use their scientific theories. YOUR CHILD IN SCHOOL By Dr. Frank W. Ballou, Superintendent of, Scgools. Washington, | | Heredity and Education. When a child is born hé brings with | | him into the world certain héreditary | characteristics. These inherited characteristics are the material with which the child, his parents and his | teachers must work in transforming the babe into a useful citizen. Let us think of the child as start-| ing out with this equipment which he | has inherited, and of life as presenting the possibilities and opportunities to develop this raw material through or- ganized education and thé Influences of environment. The fundamental | purpose in both aystematic and unor-. | ganized education and training is to| | enable the individual, whatever his capacities and possibilities, to develop those possibilities to their fullest ex- tent. There was # time when less atten. tion was given than is given at the present time to the characteristics of the individual to be educated. Not &0 many years ago, svstematic educa tion contemplated making the chil- dren conform to a type. Uniform | treatment of children was a practice, | regardless of their individual varia-| tions. They pursued the same train- ing under the samé conditions, and I the same methods, in order that they might be made into a form according to which their elders thought they should he developed. Today, the most progressive educa-| tional programs in our public schools | provide for the maximum develop | ment of individual possibilities, con istent wi‘h the necessary degree of conformity to social standards. Much attention has been given to the respective influence of heredity and environment in the education of children. Tn &pite of all investigations, educators know today far less About ! the influence of heredity than they {would like to know. ' | Before he is admitted to school, the | child learns much. His environment | has joined with heredity in making him what he is when he enters school. | Variations in heredity may have be- {in_environment. On the contrary {similar environmenis may have tend- 1 ed to develop greater similarity among individuals. One who has had but little expe- | rience with children may find itdificult to realize that they differ so radically. | He may easily fall into the error of as- {suming that since their minds and "hudion are so plastic and adaptable | they may be easily made to conform {to any common procedure. Such a | view attaches excessive importance to |the influence of environment, and | gives too little recognition to the pow- | erful influence of heredity in the life {of every individual. | Evident similarity in physical fea- | tures is usually apparent among the | members of the same family. This | similarity exists because of the com- jmon ancestry that has transmitted certain personal characteristics to its offspring. Somé interesting studiés of life histories of certain families have been made. These studies show that children inherit very definite char- acteristics with respect to physical stature, intellectual aptitudes, nervous reactions and other physical, mental and mora} qualities. It is not Aifficult to understand how these inherited characteristics, varied and compléx as they are, create a very real educational problem which it & difficult to solve. In the classrooms land during recent | for | wings ware buiit, {of | receive 10 copies of this 1927—PART 2. | Now that the House is being urged to pass mandatory legislation for a reapportionment of representation in Congress based on the 1930 census to make a provision of the Constitution operative, there is renewed interest in the work of the Census Rureau. The present chief of the bureau, William M. Steuart, entered messenger boy 47 years ago, when the population of the United States was nowhere near half of what It is te day. It was then 50,155,783, and Mr. Steuart recalls very vividly the meth- ods followed in making the tabulation by making pencil tally marks for each individual and all of the facts con. cerning the individuals. This work was done very largely by students of the landef College (for the deaf and dumb). These students were not able to talk and could not h nd it was found that they could act as machines hetter than any other class of employes. Electrical econtriva were introduced at the census of 1890, vears Mr. Steuart has been developing them to an ex tent that will make it possible to tabu Jate a great amount of data required an extended analysis of the social and industrial conditions of the coun- try, which it is anticipated will con taln a population of over 123,000,000 at_the next enumeration, in 1930. Under his administration the work of the Census Bureau has heen great Iy extended. It now collects statistics in regard to practically all of our so cial, industrial and business condi tions. Undoubtedly, it in the largest «tatistical office in the world. trically driven machines of aimost every variety are in use. Thess ma chines had to be invented to meet th requirements of the tabulations and are especially adapted to thix work They are not of the variety in gen eral use in industrial and husiness companies. In addition to the popu lation the reports of the bureau cover agriculture, manufacturing, forestr mining, irrigation, drainage, the p duetion and utilizatlon of power, fisheries, water transportation and va rious other subjecta. B The recommendations of President Caolidge to Congraes for appropriation of $1,700,000 to acquire the site sast of the Capitol and north of the Library of Congress for a permanent home for the Supreme Court calls attention to the fact that during the 137 years of its existence this nighest and most dignified judicial tribunal—the ‘“bal ance wheel of government'—has sat in seven different places: First in New York: second, in Independence Hall, Philadelphia; third, in the basement of the Capitol, whers it was when the British burned the Capitol in 1814: fourth, while the Capitol was being re- built the Supreme Court occupied the magnificant residence of the clerk of the court: fifth, when the Capitol it came into the present chamber, which was previous 1y oceupied by the Senate; sixth, when driven out by an expiosion and fire in 1898, it occupied ihe committee room of Senator MeMillan, which is the Dis trict of Columbia committee room. and for a brief period also it eat in the ju diciary committee room, according to the recorde of the clerk of the court. In the present courtroom Wehster answered Hayne. There Benton and Jéhn Randolph made their great speeches. Calhoun stood on one side in many historic clashes with Clay and Webster. The Supreme Court room has heen made further memorable by the fact that in 1877 the Flectoral Commission sat there which décided the presiden- tial contest as to whether Hayés of the Republican party or Tildén of the Demoeratie party sho This tribunal and triotism of Tilden saved the country rom a bloody civil war. *xx C. J. Doyle, attornay for Col. Frank L. Smith, who hAs baen trying to “crash the gate' at the Renate, as a taxicab driver at ihe Willard put it has been gtayving at the néw Carlton Hotel, where there is a very Rritish doorman with waxed mustache, uni- form and all the décoratione offensive to the true American spirit. The other day, when ushering Mt. Doyle into his cab, the doorman instructed the driver, “'Ouse o' Lords, Delaware avenue and C street.” R The new code of United States laws, which bringe all the Federal statutes into one volume, will he completed and issued before Congress adjourns. *Thv indeéx, which oceupiés 200 pages, | This new in the The titlas, is just being completed. hook of laws the largest world—will contain 2,100 page: statutes are grouped under 5 the firat 8 relating to the organi- zation of government, and then on from agriculture to war in alphabeti cal order. Representative Roy G. Fitzgerald Ohin, who is in _charge of the codification, savs thaf it is the finest specimen of law codification ex- tant, representing the combined ef- forts of the two greatest law publish ing houses in the world of wide experience—the West Publishing (‘0. of St. Paul, Minn., and the Edward | Thompson Co. of New York Fvery member of Congréss is work and other copigs printed at Government expenss ark to he distributed to the Government departments, the courts, colleges and universities and libraries, according to a distribution system provided in the law. This work of codification is the culmination of 30 vears' labor. It should not be forgotten that the late Representative Edward C. Little Kansas killed himself by his work on this book. L Rebuked by Lis wise old grand- .ather, the famous Senator Frye of Maine, whom he tried to “‘panhandie” for a Buropean tour aftér graduation trom college, was what brought to Washington, first as a secretary and later as a member of Congress, Rep- resentative Wallace H. White, who is author of the radio legislation that is to have right of way in the coming sesgion of Congress, to clear up the contusion in the air. During his last year in Bowdoin he got the {dea that he “wanted to makeé the Ruropean trip with his pal. Jésse D. Dana, who wag golng as manager of the Yale Harvard track teams to compete against Oxford and Cambridge. When he broached his plan to Senator Frye, in a receptive mood. the canny old Senator sharply suggested that he ought to be ambitious to get to work and earn his way in the world instead of gallivanting abroad. Subsequently the Senator had a change of heart and sent him a substantial check, but the rebuke had found its mark, and to make amends the Senator brought hig grandson here to Washington as his secretary. and voung White later became Secretary to the President of the Senate and enjoyed the unusual privilege of the floor during executive sessiohs. He Is now one of the really Influential men in the House. of America we find children who have inherited strong intellectual, physical and moral characteristics, as well as those who have inhérited weak intel- lectual, physical and moral qualitiea. 1t is the problém of education, first, to ascertain what these qualities are, and seécond, to organize the educa- tional program of the schocls in guch a mAanner as to develop and strength- en the desirable ln.herl!bd character- istics, to strengthen'and improve those that are weak' and to repress the de velopment of those that are undesi able. The educative process hecomes a matter of combining the forces of “nautre” as represented by heredity and the forces of ‘murture’ as repre senty by environmeént to the best u b (Conyright. 1099.) the service as al Elec- | d be President. | the self-sacrificing to ! of | | BY ROBERT “Ma" Ferguson during her two| vears as governor of the great com. | monwealth of Texas made a deter. mined effort te lift from the memoried hrow of Abraham Lincoln the title of “the Great Emancipatos Lincoln | freed the black slaves. “Ma" let the jail out. Her record of more than| 3,500 clemeney proclamations in the brief apan of 24 months is likely to| stand for all time. There were fewer than 3,500 pris. | oners in the “hoosegows” of Texas when “Ma" took office. Toward the end of her reign the courts quit sen tencing convicted erfminals. “Ma™ was letting them out faster than the judges could put them in, all of whieh | {i% in more or less violent conflict with | the views of Mr. Chief Justice Taft, | who cites abuse of the pardon and pa role systems as one of the reasons for the seriousness of the crime situation in the United States As she laid down the reins of office Ma'* challenged all her political ene. {mies and she said there were plenty |of them _to cite a single pardon or commutation in which her clemency was not justified. No one teok up the | challenge. It was several daye after she left the governorship before the clerical force at the capitol could cateh up with the final hatch. The scenes outside the governor’ office during that last pardon rush were | pitiful. and tears came 1o manv a | hardened Texas aye. The word hav- ing gone forward that “Ma" was in a pardoning mood as the last days of her term appeared, there was a wild scramble of wives and mothers and fathers of convicts to make a plea for e behind the bars old couple drove all the way from South Dakota in a Ford antomo- hila to try to save their boy. A voung mother with a baby rede from Ohio | |in the day coaches to try ta rescue her hnsband. He had escaped a little more than a year ago fter having | been sentenced for passing a bad check. He had gone to Ohlo and mar ried. One day a man from Texas saw him. He was brought back to the penitentiary. The girl waited for days | to #ee “Ma.” At last she got in. “Ma” made few inquiries. “Go," she said, “and take your hus band with you.” | “Ma's" clémency was exténded to| all alike. Men accused of murder, of criminal aseault, forgery, arson, high way robbery, all found asylum in her sxecutive court of mércy. ““Ma" ruth lessly set aside the senténces of the learned justices of the banch. ““This boy has suffered enough,” { wrote of a lad of 17 years who had | served 2 vears of a 99.yi entence tor holding up a young hoy and girl, robbing the hoy ‘and attacking the girl. A companion of the boy in crime was not prosecuited. “Ma” found that a further excnge for clemency. | MEN AND { heart throba, AFFAIRS T. SMAL Destitute families led “Ma" Fergu- son to many of her pardens. In one case she wrote, “If the prisoner is not released his family will have to bes, steal or starve.” “Recause he was a tool of higher- ups® got a lignor peddier A pardon. Evidently sensitive o he_ criticlsm of some of her pardons. “ took oe- casion to express herseif rather plainiy At times. In letting « man convietad of wife murder ou* of the penitentiary she wrote, “He has served 4 years for the State as a good blacksmith, ng aw much work as an average conviet would do In | This was eviden(ly the primary rea son. but. as a sort of afterthought, “Ma” adds, “and because the case shows that the killing of the defend ant's wife was aceidental.’ In pardoning a French citizen some time ago. “Ma" grew quite grandilo anent. Sha said the republic of the United Siates, acting through the grand old State of Texas, was proud to restore to her sieter republic of France one of her hrave sons, Jean Baptis#, or whatever his name hap- pened to he. She aleo eald something to Lafayette “Ma” ran the entire gamut. from internal amenities to real Like Nathan Hale, who grieved that ha had hut one life to give to his country, “Ma is sorry she had only two vote to her pardons. / Texas today retains much of the color and many of the customs and forms of the oldén times. The oath of office taken by her public servants ix redolent of the inhibitlons of the days when men were men. but when the State was trying to break these red-bloofled creatures of some of their bad habits Dan Moody. youthful red-head, now the Lone Star executive, grinned broadly when he swore “I do further solemniy swear that «ince the adoption of the constitution of this State, 1. helng a citizen of this State, have not fought a duel with deadly weapons, within thie State nor out of it. nor have I sent or acceptsd a challengs to fight a dusl with deadly weapons, nor have [ acted as second in cArrying a challenge or alded, ad- vised or assisted any person thus of- fending.” Getting vour goat ie a healthy and wealthy occupation down in Texas, particularly if your goat happens to be an Angora. The goat owners and breeders of Amsrica recently held their convention n Texds, and de- clared that timas never had been bet- ter in the industry. Texas and Orégon Are the two leading goat States in the Union. The Angoras yield a fine eli for the making of mohalr (Coprright. 1627.) | | Fifty Years 'Agoz In The Star “Mr. Watterson's plan to mustér | 100,000 peaceful Democrats at the | i Federal Capital to de. | Democratic mand _a fair count.” Protests. says The Star of Jan- uary 15, 1877, “doss not recaive much favor from the Demo- I eratic pre That thoughtful. solid old congervative paper. the New York Journal of Commerce, declares _the proporsition to he ‘most unwise, in | judicious and directly calculated to de. feat the end at which it aims’ It points out that this ia A gAmea two ran play at; that if thére is any possibility | that the Demoerats will assemble in great numbers at Washington on the { 14th of February to éxert a ‘moral power' on Congress. the Republicans can easily counterbalance and neutral- ize their efforts by putting 100,000 men of their own in the same field of ‘peaceful’ contest. That, moreover, | the mustering of so many partisans. | representing as they inevitably would the most heated and irrational éle- | ments of the two parties, would proh- ably lead to deplorable disturbances requiring the intervention of the po- lice or the Fedéral troope. | | | | . gress, expresses the hope that the National Democratic Committes will show its | g0od sense by declining to call the | roposed national convention to meet { at Washington Fehruary 12. “This' it saye, ‘is evidéently a part of the | plan for concentrating a gréat mass | of Democrats at the Capital for ob- | jects hest known to the projectors. It | i= highly objéctionable for the reason we have already given. No meeting | ot aithér party held, since the presi- | dential eléction has doné aught but injury fo its own cause, and such a convention held at Washington on the eve of the counting day would enly make matters worse for the Demo- crats themselve: * * o Spofford, Librarian of (‘on- savs The Star of January 15, | 1877, “again urges | Plea for New the attention of the % Joint committee on | Library. the Library of Con- gress to the sibject of the construe- tion of a new Librafy building. He says | that the Injury to the books, bound in newspapers, and objects of art which |are piled up, unprovided with shelves or room, is constantly increasing with | every addition. while the difficulties |and embarrassments attending the ad- mintstration of the Library and the large copyright business of thé coun- try within such narrow quartérs are such as would not be tolérated for a single season in any first-class busi- ness house in any city of the country The joint eommittée of the Library! tully concur with the Librarian that| fome provision should he made as soon as possible for the large and valuable collection of volumes for which there is no place on the shelves of the present Library, and would have urged the érection of a new buflding last session had there been any prospect whatever of favorable action on their recommendation. This sessfon the prospect for an appropria- tion is much more encouraging than last Winter, and it & to be hoped the committee wiil insist on suitable pro- vision for the volumes in question. The Library receives vearly additions of from 10,000 to 20,000, Last vear 17.500 new volumes were added to the collection, making the total number of volumes In the Library 311,097, and of pamphiets 100,000, A large pro-| portion of these hooks and pamphlets must necesgarily bhe piled up on the floor, there being no room for them on the shelves of the Library. * * % “Our public_schools will be com- pelled,” says The Star of January 19, 1877, “to close their Money Needed session this year two months earlier for S¢hools. 141 the usual time, unless Congress appropriatés the money asked by the Commissioners of the District and public school trus- tees for the purpose of carrving them on. We cannot too urgently impress upon Congress the necessity of grant. ing ua this needed help. The Com. missioners have undoubtedly done the best they could for the public schools from thelr limited revenues. derived this year exclusively from taxation of our eity: and inasmuch as Congress has given large quantities of the pub- lie domain for the maintenance of the several State schools, it I8 but rea- sonable and just that some little as. sistance should be given the schools of the Distriet.” “For the samé réasons that paper | This and That By Charles E. Traceswell, The score is now 3 to 0 against Jack Spratt in the game of mice catching. In other words, Jack muffed his mouse. while we have caught exaetly five rodents. 1t 14 true that we had to resort to traps to do it, but everything in this game. Anything “goss.” as the saying is. The puzzied look in Jack's goose. | berry green eves shows that the little | tellow is not able to understand just how we manage to catch them when he tails. Jack's 6ne big chance to catch ons |came in the front vard., as detalled hére saveral monthe ago. 6ne at the base of a small pine shrub, chased it around the trunk, and all but had it, when-— The mouse slipped east, when Jack was looking weat, crawling across the walk to safety while the tiger eat was making great plunges in the wrong direction. Jack sayvs that if the five mice we caught had only given him a ehance, | he would have caught them first, but | the critters always staved inside the | walls. At night they would race around the Jaths and between the floors. making as much noise as rats. Jack gpent many hours waiting for them to come out, but they never did, %0 humaAn intelligence, such as it had to be brought into play. * X ox ¥ Two small spring traps were placed the attic. so called, since it is merely an air spacé over the gecond floor. One night a mighty serabbling was heard, as the firet mouse scéntéd the cheese. [t was comical to listen 1o the Speed which the creature displayed, A% it serambled up the furring, or whatever it is they hang onto. Straight across t celling the mouseé hot-footed it, straight for the cheese—and death. The cruel spring Swung over, as the fellow poked his nose onto the laver The next day we removed the trap, with the mouse hanging at one end. His ayes were bright, and he had one Uttle * paw placed just upon the theesé, in which attitude death camé to him. We are not in the habit of getting tentimental over mice. hut we conld not help feeling - sorry for it. and wishing that it might have heen given A Dbetter chance, sav the chance a mouse has with a cat, which is not much, at that. * ok * sir, old Jack Spratt could v beliave his éyes when he saw that 16ng mouse tail swinging A8 A matter of fact, he could not bélieve his sensitive nose, either, for néither the sight of the mousé on the trap nof the mouse smell managed , to_makeé him much excited. £ It was not until another da whén we dangled two mice before Jack, that hé came to believe in the réality 6f our prowess. This time Jack stood on his hind legs, and walked clear across room that way, meowing pleadingly to be allowed to play with a mousé— just one of them, Mister. * ® x His pleadings fell however. The fourth trapped mouse-there seemed an endless supply—found Spratt very much excited. His eyes were round with amazement and the hope that this time, surely, he would be given the catch. The fifth, and, we hope, the lasf— mouse was a fine specimen, very fat, with a marvelously long tail This time we almost weakened, ai Jack put up his best plea, walking) around on his hind legs, his forelegs held with perfect ‘“begging” techs nique, with now and then a white. gloved paw stuck out to touch the mouse's tail. If & cat was ever seen to express wonder, Jack Spratt did it. Just as plain as day, he said, “Mister, how in thunder do you do it?" SIS D, The Credulity of Ignorance. From the Toledo Blade. Sclentists are doing a great work, telling us many startling things we have to believe hecause we do not know eénough to contradiet them. —vr—s— An Educational Process. From the Savannah Press. There is one thing about this trouble :o the ?ulh of us. N\\'o are A:I":e“l.r:‘- ng again to spell NicAragua heeitation. in on deaf ears, He cornerad ' the Py