Evening Star Newspaper, May 13, 1926, Page 8

g THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. - WASHINGTON, D. C. | | THURSDAY . May 13, 1926 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor The Frening Star Newspaper Company Rusiness Ofce T1th <t and Tenmvivania Ave. New Fork e Ti0 Fagt doud S5, Chicago Office . Tower Building. wropean Office: 14 Regent St London, Fngland. The ne Star. with o | ion: 18 gelivared by Ty 3 60 conts ner morth 48 cents per month: Sundas onls Per montn Orders may he sent lelephone Main 5000. Collection is made by carmier At the end nf each month. Larriera daily wity and Sundas i wls onl. Snndas o 1 mo’ 50¢ | N 1 mo 25¢ $12.00:1 mo. $1.00 | L8.00° ) ibe £4.00: 1 mo., 33¢c Daile and Sundas Dails aniv Bundns only Member of the Associated Press. The Asanciated ¥ aively ertitle 16 the nee for 1aniol < Rl Dews o atehas cvedited tn it or not otherwiss fted 10 this naoer o the local - Dpithlighed herein. A his of publication | f special dispatches herein are also reserved. The Norge Comes Across. ted from Point | t of Alaska, at and at that instant Washington marked 1333 this morning. The airship, with Amundsen Elsworth Nobile and fourteen other men, was due at about neon Nome, nearly a thous nd | miles Alasks Thus today comes one of the great pleces of news | of all tme will vem: al hizh point in the history of man. ul will rank with first vorage fl{‘ Ceolumbns, which brouzht him to an wndetermined lsland of Ameriea in | 1492, 1t will be as important & point | in history as the fi circumnaviga- | tion of the earth early in the sixteenih century the ship Viet com manded for part of the way Ma- his death by Sebas- The Norae was Rarrow. Aretic 225 last nig the elocks of at news that the by H by gellan and after tian del Cano. In this non-s aide the earth passing over the top of the world were | emploved the of humat flight and wireless telegraphy. The men of the Norge were in communica tion with Spitzbergen while their ship m the Pole the reason Avgonnuts—make it thousht there was "The shin was seen o the Arctic | | 1 one by v journey ir . to the other new arts i | | was aver the Pole. Messages | Norze few and Aliska, but that the “Norgenants nething 1o report as a speck in the sky alw Ocean. and the news was sent were hetween the probably by wire, i up by miles of mouniain then taken i sea, nd fasned miles in a sec . "hen it was put wonderful ma chines. Newspapers e by millions from presses and told the rid “Reme to Nome" & hiz order for a that, to =ail over the earth twice, and to sail without stop from PBurope (o the \West Coast of America o men e | tors. mighty Surely the names Amundsen Nobile, | Ryrd and Bennett will have so m fmportance in the history of expl tion and discovery tha® they will stand with the names Columbus, Magellan Da Gama, Cahot and Peary. 1t is useless to talk of the practical warth of the enterprise. It cannot be | estimated now. It will surely Increase man's knowledze of the small and ob- which live, 1t will he of great value to a number of | the natural sciences, and there may come from it material advantages to' man. | 1t will be possible for men to travel | hatween Europe and America, Burop and Asia and A by ahort cuts through the air and at high | speed. Tt will be possible for scien- tists to Ay to the North Pole or South Pole. huild cottages, heat them, make their investigations in send resnlts by wireless Reme, Paris and home for vacations work Is done. less over mans plains of ice. and land thensands wires, A in 1ype by a tumbling | news 1ot ‘ b the air is in doing e of throy man. but thes North reached i | previously seen by event. Elsworth regions never is a ¥ i meure planet 1 on we America and comfort, to T.ondon i when thelr - = A workman pur istence. is unhappy ning his customary mode of ex His own normal mental at- titude is the most potent of all factors | that assist in the settiement of a| atrike. when not ———— One of the present responsibilities | of the weather forecaster is to break the news as gently as possible that there will be no rain. r—oe—s The Failure of the General Strike. Cancellation of the general strike order in London has mot resulted, it Appears from today’s dispatches, In an immediate return of all the “sympa- thetie” strikers work. Thus far most of the workers have withheld from reporting for duty, awaiting spe cific orders from their own tions. Some of the men have ret | o4, to find that they have been dis- | placed during the week of thelr idie- | ness, their former employers refusing to displace the new men. Some have found their “vacation” too enjoyable to he thus quickly terminated. 'The result is that while the general strike is over, afficially, Great Rritain is still suffering from a state of general idle- ness which may vet become a “lock out.” It may take several days to readjust the conditions, 5o seriously disturbed by the general strike order. o dras- tie a2 measure of labor reprisal, al- theugh quickly and easily adopted, | eannat be as quickly abandoned. Although in the celebration of the end of the strike yvesterduy through- out Great Britain the voice of organ- ized labor was raised loudly, and songs of victory were sung al various labor headquarters, because of the belief that the government has agreed to settle the mine surike if the general strike was ended, it now appears that thers is no ground for the contention that the general strike actually suc- eseded in ite purpose and was justified by the ultimate ontcome. Far the mine strike continues, withent any change of status, and the secretary nf the miners’ federation. in a public “oslagwa . bad (he Zuners ey ; i i to | | miners, who remain out of work by ble to see any justification for rejoic- | {1ng on | ship over the fr | tells from hour | expunse of Ice. [ res tion., | them in the co | the fact, but dewurred to the offense. ! the luw makes no dist | He might have given her the limit Jor were not in any manner a party to the decision of the Trade Union Coun- ell. It thus appears that the general strike did not bring about the adjudt- ment of the miners’ lasue, which re- mains to be settled. Before the end of April, when the subsidy ceased by le. gal limitation, the government had in- dicated a willingness to continue it for a short time, long enough, it hoped, to effect a settlement of the dispute regarding wages and hours at the mines. "The miners’ union refused to continue on this basis and walked out. Then came the general strike, as 4 means of forcing the government to dictate terms to the mine owners and o guarantee the indefinife continua- tion of the 3ubsidy. "Thus the situation is precisely as it was before the general strike was or- dered. 'The government has not been forced by it out of its established course. It has not been hastened tv any new decision or action. The strike has, in short, failed to effect &ny change for the betterment of the their own volition and who are de- manding just what they demanded be- fore the general strike occurred. In these circumstances it is impossi i the part of the British labor organizations on the score of victory. The general strike imposed a tremen- dous loss upon all interests, labor, capital, government und public. It proved futile as a weapon of compul- sion. 1t demonstrated the solidarity of the British people, outside of labol organizations, in hehalf of the main- tenance of constitutional government It set Great Britain buck a number of vears in industry and trade, uhd from this setback none will suffer so great Iy as the workers themselyes, = PR : The Voice From the Arctic Void. es u voice. Out of the far North co It tells of the progress of a great air- n waste us it makes | its way from Spitzbergen to Alaska. | It velates the tale of wn adventure such «s man has never had before, the sing of un area of the earth's s never traversed heretofore. It to hour of the vast IC notes at last the | passing of the polar point, which men have struggled fur generatio reach and wen huve died in thelr | Cailures Lo attaln { ad the account of the | orge’s vovage frum Kings Bay to| ome, over 3,000 miles of frozen deso- latic perh: di fully real the marvel of thus speedily, almost iu- | “tantly, getting the news of her prog-! In former times when men went ¢ ce to Those who re not ! [ past few ye tan | school perhaps leading the wo power himself. ‘There is nothing at present which dependably indicates the tull exte: of the military support which has been given to him. Initial success was scored by the insurgents following the summons by Pilsudski to a certain regiment for assistance when his residence in a suburb of the capital was attacked by a mob in eprisal for a newspaper statement in which he scored the inefficiency of the government. 1t would appear as though Plisudski had seized upon this attack as a fa- vorable occasion for an jnsurrection- ary movement. He is a man of cour- age and determination, and perhaps in the present situation in Poland, where politics has developed & state of “Incapucity and confusion, his sels ure of power would make for the sta bilization of affairs at & critical junc- ture fn the life of the new republic. s — The Pennell Endowment. A gift of incdlculable value to the Library of Congress, and consequentiy to the people of this country, Mas just been announced. Under the will of Joseph Pennell his coliection of etch- ings, paintings, prints, books and manuscripts will be bestowed upon that fnstitution. 'That, however, is not all. By the terms of the will the monetary estate of Mr. Pennell and his wife will, upon the death of the latter, form an endowment fund for the maint of w calcographic museum for the purchase of the lith- ographic stones and the etched plutes of dead artists of note, trom which prints will be made to be sold to stu dents und lovers of art at nominal cost. The will also gives vutright to the library the entire collection of Whistlerlana, und creates & fund for the purchase of the works of urtists of every nationality, living or dead. This gift insures the establishment | In Washington of a museum of a char- acter unique In thix countey and only paralleled by simllar Institutions in Rome, Paris and Mudrid. The mu- seum of calcography at Kome is the oldest of these, huving been founded | In 1737 by Pope Clement X111t con tuins many thousands of plates and in | a source of educutivnul supply of art | priots LU low cost, Culcographic art has developed rap Wiy fju the United » tes within the s Many Awmericun paint- | Waining high success with | plkments. have gone in for “black sud white” work 1o a m to prowi: a high evolutivn of this phase of art the estgblishment of sn American | d. M| Pennell, ax the chief American expo U of this art, hus set a high stand- ers. after jer forth into the Arctic no word came | thew for wonths, perhups for | They fured into the wilderness | uniea- venrs. of jce with no meusns of com Not until they returned, loug | ufter d they tell of their success | or their failure. While they there most people forgot tiem. Only | thuse who knew them and their fum ilies who loved them were greatly about them, - recalled | e of business und pleasure lere in the land of civiliza- and comfort. Then, perhaps, they me south again to tell their stories | were | concerned . sex, of fallure. One of these who e back with announcement of suc which was sccepted at once with question, beca ive the possibility of fraud on | such & subject, was later proved to be | falthless to that great trust that is re. | sed in those who go Into the wastes | in explorztion and discover | So that voice from the Norge rélat-| ing the story of the marvelous flight the most dangerous area of the | i out uo one could | over earth’s surface thrilled the world. not only with the sense of the stupendous achievement, but as a token of the new facility of man in speaking hrough the infinite. H e o A Wise and Upright Judge. Magistvate Thomas I. Doyle at Long Island City qualifies as & Just | and upright judge. Seekers for prom- 1sing judiclal material should look his way. He proves his worth in a case Just reported fuvolving the infraction of a municipal muzzling ordinance, Mra. Churlotte Kalabza of Astoria was churged with failure to put a muzzle on her dog. She pleaded gullly s to she sald, “is ten years old. & teoth In his head und hasn't had In years. No matter how hard he might try to bite somebody, he couldn’t.” Some judges would have fined her unyhow on the ground that tion between touthless and well toothed canines, daring to set up her judgment us to the harmlessness of her dog against the solemn mandate that all dogs must be muzzled. But Judge Doyle, wise perhaps in the ways of dogs, and cer- tainly wise in discerning the real pur- poxe of the law in question, agreed with Mrs. Kalabza and suspended sen- tence. Would that there were more m such discernment and discrimi- nation on the Ame hench today! = ——— — O1d time melodies have leaped lnto popularity thut the ‘“song plugkers’ union” may have to display more thun customary fuitiative in lovking for competitive material, T Pilsudski’s Revolt in Poland. Much mystery surrounds the situa- tion in Poland, where a military re- volt has occurred, seemingly under the Jeadership of former Marshal Piisud- ski. Varying reports come from the scene of the uprising. The real case’ of the demonstration is clouded 'in doubt, likewise its extent and its like- urd for hix fellow countrymen, and his | will now contributes to their advance- | ent ax well ux 1o u public appreciu | tion of this beautiful art. v Philadelphia’s sesquicentenniul cele- Lrution will Interest the entire coun- wy. I need lead Lo no controversies o recent topics. Ol founders of the republic thought buth wuys xbout pro bibition, but did not permit their theughts to obstruct business in hand. - —oe o The theater promises wond tractions for next them guarantee to be comprehensibie xeason. {of suffering and loss. and. save in (wo | without a dictionary of slang or a spe- cial course in profanity. R After ing had a number excluded from the mails the main anxiety of a | sdnsational magazine editor relates to the hope of following up with another insue equally profitable. R Fundamentalists and modernists suy the matter of evolution has not been settled. Scientists calmly assert that it has not been unsettled, - Interest in polar exploration re- mains unabated. The encore is in- variably quite as interesting as the wriginal perfor nce. c——— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, Deliberation, Let's pause and talk it over And walt a little while. ‘We can't be all in clover. We can't forever smile. BEsch mortal is believing What he thinks is right— It meuns long yvears of griev To start a real fight. ‘We feel an inspiration Which is complete and fine— We'll regulate the Nation Upon our chosen line! But Reason s a rover Whose methods may beguile, Tet's wait and think things over And walt a little while! The -Receptive Public. “Do . you care for popular ap- “Not any more,” answered Senator Sorghum. “All I ask is a reasonable share of time at the microphone. The » is obliged to take what It gets.” g No Mere Moonshine. The lights begin to flicker, Mistaken was his “hunch He asked for “maonshine licker” And got fireworks in & bunch. Jud Tunkins says a statesman is a politiclan who manages to hold a big uffice more thah one term. The Recitationist Balked. “What is your favorite poem “Miiton’s ‘Paradise Lost’,” answered Miss Cayenne. '‘an you recite any of it?"” No. I don’t know anybody who can. That's why I lfke it.” " Mute Inspiration. lihood of succe: Plisudski has been out of power, po- litical and military, for several year: He has a large following and is sup- ported-by a considerable section of the army. Recently several of his most determined enemies have returned to office. The _government at Warsaw has been passing through a series of rapid changes, owing to the inability of any minist to command a dis- tinct bloc of support in Parliament, where there are numerous small groups, with only alight coHesion. 1t is suspected that Pilsudski aims at a dictatorship, seeking to end the confusion caused by frequent changes of miabuy s well fi to petura to i An inspiration 1 would fain turn loose; . It is & rhythmic fancy of my own, With thrilling quality—but, what's the use? I never learned to play the saxo- phone! Socrates drank the hemlock. “Anyhow,” said hs to pay a bootleg profit on the pizen.” “Human nature never changes,” sald Uncle Eben. “We's gineter have o go on tryin’ te solve de licker prob- Jjem an' de diverce problem foh hun- dreds of years in de future, jes’ as we heve been tryin’ to selve it foh hun- dreds of years in de past.” “I didn’t have | THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. A garden is eminently worth while, were it for no other reason than that it is one of the few projects in this life that most of us can carry to_completion. ‘We plan, but only part of our dreams come true. Tho: which we would not, these we do, and those things which we aim to do often enough are not done. Happy is the creator, whether in - walks of life, He work toward their | accomplishment, and sometimes see | the fruition of his hopes and dreams. Even these fortunate persons, how- ever, know in the depths of thel hearts that they have not altogethel attalned perfection, The perfect building does not matertalize, the big scheme did not produce just a8 much s it had been expected to produce. Still more is this inadequacy true in the affairs of the moral and spirit- ual wature. With what and how many pains have men and women striven for perfection, and how uni formly unsuccessful they Think of that ugly trait of anger, which one would willingly extirpate as the surgeon cuts out the diseased appendix, but which throughout & long life' defles the soul of man to oust it fended, but what one vacant chair is theie. There is no person, whoever he may be, who does not feel at loss in many of the daliy affairs of life. To the outward world he seems have succeeded, but in his own heart he knows u sense of fallure. ok XK A garden s about the vnly project we know of that the averuge person can carry through (o 3 compleie and unqualified success. lu the nclosed space (the original meaning of the word “garden”) one ma, see the ful- fillment of dreams. Here it is possible to say, “I will do and so. | will bave *and two or three months luter (here they will be! "The dream will have come true, the “'I have sald It” been obeved. Hence the sense of satisfaction vne can get out uf u gurden is hardly to be duplicated anywhere else, for the sim ple reason that here one Is backed and veinforced by the mighty power of Nu- ture. 50 thu power, in the earthly sense, and which have u superpower quality, in that they are the origin of all power. ‘The immortal forces that wield the planeis stoop (o upon our earth, and fill it with the fnto the air and sunlight “In Tune With the Infinite” is the good titie of & good book of its kind Perhaps there is no place in this world fnity us in the gurden. ‘The best pur it i that one need not be at all consclous of it Indeed, it would be rather silly 1o stop, in the midst of anting, and solemnly deciar in tune with the Infinite. “In-tune-ness” fx not secured that way! Such prating would be on & par with the attitude of much odern publicity, which declares, in eff “\We are now in the midst of a great war-—in_ pust ' some one wrote greal war songs- now Imunufacture us @ war song that Is as good ax any WAI KODE. h self-consclousness desires. defeats its w Novelist’s Awards of the Pulitzer prize corm mittee for literary and journalistic achlevements are discussed with un- usual vigor ihls vear, stimulus com ing from Siaclair Lewis' refusal to accept the $1,000 prize for his buok, owsmith.” continued tendency tu a surlet interpretation of terms prescribed by Joseph | in establishing the p by the Springfield Re) is of the opinion that this tendency the advisory the Pulitzer School precedent, presumably with the sanc tion of the Pulftzer heirs, which will make the prizes Increasingly valuable A “tro the blican in encouraging hoard of production.” The Republican also ex- presses satisfaciion that “the literary awards for the past three or four vears have increasinglv represented broad judgmnent and criticul insight.” In criticizing Mr. Lewis' attitude to. ward the award for his novel Hrooklyn Bagle concedes thut “If he seriously belleves the Pullizer , then he would be a psclence and integrity the award.” literary geniu trajtor to his o If he accepted ! lSugle holds that “his ela {other generation of writer swrive for prizes rather than for liter {ary merit {8 an indictment of the h {esty of hix youuger brethr pean authorship,” it continues, ishes 1o such fear concerning Nobel prize for literature.” The Co- Jumbus Ohlo Stute Journal agrees that “no superior literary production was ever done in conscious competition for , and all good writers know it. eauty of the Pulitzer prize sys- that an- a The b tem,” adds the Ohio State Journal. that there I8 no conscious competition for the honors, or if there is the con sclous competitors probably meve win."” xR “If only Mr. Lewis had not the French Academy to witness!” ex- clalms the Boston Transcript. ‘“‘De- spite the honor and dignity of this in- stitution, and despite the earnesiness with which many French writers have striven for its recognition,” con- tinues the 'Iranscript, “eve one knows that the course of literature in in actual practice, has never been xo controlled by the academy's declsions as Mr, Lewls declares the course of letters in America -will be by the Pulitzer jury.” The Milwaukee alled claring that authors, even greater nuthors, have not needed to refuse awards because they had never a thought of trying for prizes, but only to do good i ““The bare truth of the matter,” in the opinion of the Lynchburg News, “is that the conditions of the award are of no moment. How many of them were fulfilled by ‘Arrowsmith’ How many writers, whether con- sciously or unconsciously striving for the award, or indifferent or hostile, carefully studled the conditions of the award ‘before writing their novels? How many knew what they were. Much more sympathetic with Lewis' point of view is the Charlotte Observer, which declares he is the first writer who has taken the trouble to give thought to the influences which the Pulitzer prize is intended to promote. .“Our observation,” the Ob- server adds, “is that it has sought out instances of sectional abasement in Southern publications. Lewis appears to have developed keen powers of analysis, for neither book nor paper production has been judged from the standard of literary. merit, but the measure has been rather ‘in obedience to whatever code of good form may chance to be popular at the mo- ment.’ " - * ok ok % The wide distribution of prizes to various parte of the United States im- presses the Jamestown Evening Jour- “things | have been! | ‘There is no home, however well de- | o | thus and | | When one works fn the garden, he | works with forces thut huve unlimited | where une can be %0 in tune with in- | | books., | olus the lowliest flower | | of seeing then vitality (o push up through baked soil | | world Another fine feature of the garden is that one does not have to be a millionaire, and own a forest, to be able to get all there s out of gardening. 1 We are not all millionaires, and hundreds of thousands of us do not possess even an acre of ground. Hap- pily, we do not positively require that much, We recall reading an editorial by the editor of one of the leading garden magazines in which he recalled his visit to a great estate where every flower grew just so, and then re- membered a passing glimpse of a front-door garden while in the The first, he sald, was lald out ac- cording to all the rules of the indus- trious writers of orthodox garden Borders were just so-s0. Laws of color harmony, ax worked out by some lady with a too-esthetic sense and nothing else to do, apparently, had been followed to the letter. The result, the editor admitted, was charming. It was as if Nature had been poured into a funnel, and told just how to issue forth. Mother Nature had heen given a far of hair m and instructed just how to use it. "The other garden was a little place which would have made not even a corner of the other. But there was a woman there, pottering around among her plants, zinnias, marigolds, Hlacs, the common and well beloved. And when ‘the editor had gone his way, which garden do you suppose he liked the better? Why, the little one, to be sure, and it a lesson which thus preuched th lientele of his own publicatio e real gniden is where love fs. *or ook Step by step, duy by day, little by little, row on row. the garden unfolds with the leisurely, vnrushing days. We. looked over' the catalogues, we made our selections. In our so-called mind's eve we saw how the flowers would 1o in the very corners of the vard we hud selected. We stopped worrying about “‘color combinations,” and refused to frown upon the zi la because it was red, or the marigold becuuse it lived up to It name. When preudo-Spring cume, we work- ed over the beds and got the soll into guod shape. All the tme we pictured the garden as it would be, ax it vught 0 be if everything went well Methodically we set out our gladi bulbs (corms, more ac tely), und in & few days had the sutlisfaction do whut we knew they by they stuck sts up through the o would do. their swordlike sh eurih On May plucking Radiance, Radiance (| tory of The garden is tuking form. With ordinary attention and some good for: tune, we expect to sce all our dreams come true. If ull do not, the success of the rest will cover up the few in- dividual failures. If we diligent] fultill the plant requirements, failur will be due to causes outside ourself. It s for this reason that every gar- den ought to be inclosed. Potter around in your garden, if it be no more than & vard square, and know that this is one place in the where perfection may be at 10 we had the pleasure of our st rose from w Red which, with its sister pink), 18 the ot satistac ! tatned. depurt | is establishing u | in_ stimulating artistic and s('hollrl}"‘ the | prize | means the stultification of American | But the | might | Pulitzer | sex” is observed | which | | Journal | telligently, | From the ¥ Refusal of Prize Stimulates Vigorous Debate this in various 1 and other it outh, East and esented, il of which that the talent is not any ome lurge city or nal, which ‘Awards were b es of erary work, West being re goes to show confined to cities.” The country at large.” according the Casper Dally Tribune, “ean 1o conclusion ax to the claims that some of the recipients may have 1o the awards, as the work of those honored is not known to any greal ex- tent outside their own localities, With Sinclair Lewis' novel, smith,” it is wnother matter, the wuthor ix widely read, even though public opinion ix divided us to his gualifications for greatness. Whether Pulitzer's endowments to the cause of better journalism have accomplished in-15 years what he had hoped, ix still w matter of conjecture. 'ndoub edly, they have awakened a greatel interest In journalism and are the meuns of slowly leading 1o & better situation on the idealistic side of news paper publishing.” ERE N [ form e Of an award to the Enguirer-Sun of Columbus, the most disin terested und ice ren. dered by an newspaper during the year, -Salem su) “The Knquirer-Sun's hievements were for the most part of a negative character. It oppused | the Kian, the enactment of & law to revent the teaching of evolution and Iynching. This opposition was of ur- gent need, judging from the verdict of the Puliizer award. But, despité this, there is u constructive service that new done vigorously, thoroughly and will wbviate the nece: for making crusades of a negative character.” Commendation for this particular award is given by the New Orleans Item. “Our Georgia cotemporary,” says the ltem, “merits well the honor awarded it. But it is not making the fight alone. ' The Southern press as a whole is fighting for the same good.” S et U. S. Employment Office. ot Daity Journal. One plan of the Government to help the farmer cannot be classified as paternalistic. It centers about Uncle Sam’s vist employment office, Co-operation by Federal officlals in furnishing laborers for the grain flelds of the South, North and West, the cotton plantations of Dixle, the sugar beet farms of Colorado, helps solve a vexing problem in connection with harvesting the year's crops. The wheat harvest begins in Texas June 1 and advances north and west, Jasting in the Northern States until September 1. There is, in addi- tion, a demand for men to help gather the potato crop, care for the beet flelds, harvest and husk corn. The cotton crop I8 ready July 1 and needs extra labor until' into the Winter. The agricultural States, which feed and clothe the Nation, lack the labor necessary to gather in the fruits of the harvest, and congested metropol- itan centers, especially in times of seasonal unemployment, “teem with men out of work. The problem pre- sented s one of economic impor- tance, since the idle, whether from circumstances or because of a “hobo” complex, represent a liability to the cities, and the gathering of crops is an aseet to the Nation. The Federal employment bureaus sent 400,000 men to the-flelds in 1925. Seventy million acres of growing foodstuffs and textile material will reguire that many or more this year. Uncle Sam will be on the job to distribute avail- able man power where needed. = lesson gained from Qt war, taught him | THE NORTH WINDOW By Leila Mechlin. It has been suggested that one of the great needs of the present day is & gallery of modern art, similar in scope to the Luxembourg, Wher works by " cotemporary artists can be tride out, as it were, and, if they stand the test of time and public opinion, can later he transferred to a permanent national gallery. It is not a bad idea, but there Is no reason why each museum {not put it into effect if it®so desired. on a small scale—that is, by setting aside one gallery for such purpose. Complaint is often made that th niuseums of the country are not in- terested in cotemporary work, and to an extent it is true, for it iz not easy always to tell whether or not a painting or & work In sculpture ix golng to stand the test imposed by museum standards a generation hence, when the glamour of the pres. ent Is past and personality Is no mor !In regard to the great art of the p {radicals for the most part and trai tionalists are agreed, and this s a fact worthy of noting, hecause we hear so much more of differences in these camps than of agreement. ‘Wherever perspective exists great art holds its own. It is only where has to be viewed, as it were, at arm’s length that there ix a differenc And how interesting 1t is to reailze the way that fashions in art change Looking years, one may observe wor have suddenly risen and fi value. Why?—because they the superficial spirit of "their own time and are not imbued with that fundamental, simple merit which con stitutes perpetual worth. ook o s which len ‘epresent The Luxembourg has recently been vearrunged. The new director has put into effect a complete housecleaning. Al the gallerles have been rehung xome of the old familiar works have disappeared, and in their places are to be found examples of the works of ¢ temporary painters — painters who have ventured into new flelds in the hope of discovery. Obviously there are those who grumble, for some never wish anvthing changed, but not a few express satisfaction and Incline 1o the belief that the old look better thun they did and that the new hold their own in the distinguished com- pany. It is the custom of the Luxembourg to send out to provincial galleries puintings which it can spare. Obvi ously these are not its best, and in France the provincial museum accepts exhibits not only with but with evident gratitude, and makes much of them. There uve in this country & good many works of art, once much prized, stored away in the attles and cellars of art museumns but the cial musenms neit solicit nor desire their loan. ‘he niest, newest museiin in the count wants the best, and only the best, and perhaps it is well. 2ut because art stand s n never be fixed nd Do single direc or board of direct endowed with all wisdom. no tion exhibition any or bestowed. The late Jeptha H. Wade. for many vears president of the Clevelund Mu seum of Art & splendid example in this particular. When he gave hix notable collection to the Cleveland Museum he was ask- ed if he would prefer o have it shown permunently in sepurate galleries and known as the Wade collection. His was in the negative, The value he seid, was in its n to other exhibiis, he gave it without restriction to the Cleveland Museum, leaving its future use to the wisdom of coming direc. tors. displaved, a great munificence, a sense of the public good. £ xoxx sticu collection bequeathed We hear much said toduy in regard to cherishing vouth. Many warnings are issued in regard to repression. Youth is a delicate flower, (o be pro tected and never rudely shaken. bui usly enough, youth seems par- arly well equipped at the present tme o take care of itself. It has a courage, un assurznce, a self-posses- sion which perbaps 1t has never Known In the past. And who knows but that this augurs well for the fu ture” A voung artist. speaking of herself | and a group of her cotemporaries, said the ‘other day, “Wey aren’t im. portant vet, but in 10 vears we shall be.” and she said it with' that assu; ance which comes of positive knowl- edge, not in bravado. not as an idle boast. All that these young people want to achieve greatness is the op- portunity for work. the opportunity to prove their strength, their abilit What splendid courage. what a glori- ous outlook! No doubt, they will at- tain, *oxoxox This 1= what all aftists really want not_patronage: above all, not char ity. When the great White City in Chicago was built on the shores of Lake Michigan the artsts of the d artists. In_many in- called upon for hercu- accomplishment. Sculptors wh had never done anvthing in the way of monumental work were given com- missions for monumental groups. Painters who had produced only easel pictures were commissioned to paint great murals—and how splendidly one and all rose to the occasion—so splen didly, in fact, that art in this conntry was given a tremendous impetus, an fmpetus under which it is still ad- vancing. What the artists of our country need today is this same or a similar opportunity—commissions for great works given with great faith in thelr ability. Those who have the de- sire to advance art. to benefit artists, will do much it they provide such op- portunities. * * x ¥ Probably more commissions of this character is being done in this coun try at the present time than many suppose. J. Monroe Hewlett, arch tect and muval painter, has latel completed a series of four large mural decorations for the lodgerooms of the Brooklyn Masonic Temple. 'These represent graphically “The Bullders of Solomon’s ‘Templ “The Bullders of the Acropolis.” “The Bullders of the Worum” and “The Cathedral Builde One large wall Is given to each theme, which in each instance is Leautifully set forth with true dec- orative feeling and great simplicity and distinction of style. Mr. Hewlett has a'so lately executed two impres- sive wall decorations devoted io the subject of the drama for the Willard Straight Memorial Theater at Cor- nell University. “The Johannes Brock School in the Bronx, N. Y., has secured imposing mural decorations by painters less well known, but at the same time capable. One of these, by Leo Kober, represents “Progress—the Workshop," and pictures the steel frame of a great sky-scraper in progress of erection. One service the modernists have certainly done. They have pointed the way of simplification. and have re.em- jzed the value of design in com- In no field is this more strik- nced than in that of mural nd nowhere was it more ERE Thornton Oakley, the well known il- lustrator, has called attention lately, in a letter to the editor of the Phfla- delphia_Public Ledger with reference to the death of Joseph Pennell, to the fact that three of the greatest illus- trators this country has produced— Edwin A. Abbev. Howard Pyle and Joseph Pennell—were of the “City of Brotherly Lovi “With Joseph Pan- nell.” he said, “has the laat of that mighty Mfi‘m‘ :fu-. back over the past hundred | n afford to accept for perpetual | 1 lately deceased, set u | therefore | | persona outside of the postal service. | p in_the country might | ANSWERS TO BY FREDERIC Q. Can United States 2.cent stamps for use on mall be sold for more or less than 2 cents”—W. K. A. The Post Office ployes. Q. How much Federal money is| spent on the State experimental tarms? -R, T. A, A. a field glase” he office’ of experiment sta- | higher pe QUESTIONS J. HASKIN. 26, 1777, from Gen. Burgoyne's army 1t was sold by the State September 5. 1 | l’)ermnm-.m“hn\'ln( been in other hands for 131 |says the existing law requires that |vears. December 30, | postage stampe must he sold at face |the Civil War it {value by postmasters and postal em.|the United States troops. This law does not apply to|ably 791, and purchased again by It, after 1922. During was garrisoned hy It is proh the hest preserved fort of the iod in the United States. Q. Tz a small telescope hétter than A E. D. telescope Ix in general of wer than the fleld glass and A A | tions says that the experimental farm | will enable one to distinguish detall | | | good | | | Here was a great confidence | the public or a “treezoo” for | { { sort and more work of a monumental |, | Gov. Horatio Sharpe. {grant of £11,000 for the purpose from I | overemphasis of the recreational ad- ! Virginia, | o in each State receives an 000 under the Adams under the Haich act and 1925 under the Purnell aci. amount will be raised $10,600 annual- | Iy under the Purnell act until $90,600 vear Is reached, Q. How many unknown soldiers of the World War are buried Arlington and how many in France E. W. R. A. Only one unknown soldier i | buried in Arlington Cemetery. He is representative of all the unknown dead of the United States who fought in the World War. There are 1656 unknown in graves in France. Q. What is a rotor ship? -D. M. P.| A. 1t is a ship propelled by the ac-| tion or friction of air against the re. volving cylinders placed on top of | the ship. Q. Do any of the negro educatol belong to Phi Beta Kappa? —F. P. W. A. Negro educators helonging to| this honorary scholastic fraternity | are: Anna F. Broadnax, Roscoe C. Bruce, William H. Dinkins 8. Ellison, John Hope, Charles H.| Houston, Karnest B. Just, Alain le Locke, Robert N. Mattingly and ward . Wilson. | Please give the b Frederick, Md.—J. W A. Fort Frederick under the personal ory of Fort was erected supervision of He obtained a the legislature May 16, 1756. It was named in honor of the sixth Lord Baltimore. It is situated on a knoll 100 feet above the FPotomac, one. quarter mile north of this river, and 17 miles west of Hagerstown. It is a vectangle of 240 feet. British pris- oners were confined here December BACKGROUND O BY PAUL V. “The Senate has adopted a measure | create an arboretum along the Ana- | costia River, on which will be planted every tree which this eclimate will grow. Tne bill hax not vet passed in the House, but it is expected Lo meet no serious opposition. "Fhe need und impottance of a na-| tional arboretum tu be managed in connection with the Drepariment of Agriculture. is often confused by the | vantages of its broad acres to be parked with beautiful and interesting | trees and shrubs, and the serious scien- | tific purpose ix lost tv sight. Of what practical use can such a collection of trees be more than is| (he collection of wild animals in the | Zoological Garden The answer. as given by Dr. William A. Taylor, chief of the Bureau of Plant Indusiry, De-| partment of Agriculture, showsa much | more serious and important purpose ot | the arboretum than a playground for | scien- tists. i oo ox Washington . already possesses & small arboretum in its (rees growing upon Capitol Hill and upon the zrounds of the Smithsonian Instity and the Department of Agricultur and in the Botanic Garden. date back to 1851 when their plant ing was done under the direction of | Mr., H. A. Downing. About 30 years ago the Department of Agriculiure began the systematic imporiation of seeds and plants from all over the World. Through the co-operation of the State experiment stations ang of men of wealth and horticultural en- | {husiasm several minor arhoretums have been developed, chief of which ave the Arnold Arhoretum, rnnn'.(-lt(l With Harvard Universily: the Shaw rdens of Nt. Louls and the arbore- tum near Chicago established by \ Joy Morton. »n of the former Sec- Yetary of Agriculture, J. Sterling Mor- ton. * ok % ¥ does such scientific work ut how b man? The an- interest the average " swer i that but for science and its importation and breeding of trees, | truits and vegetables we, today, would have _no polatoes. no tomatoes, no apples, pears, plums, cherries or peaches. We would have no nuts, ex-| copt pecans (and even they would be| of inferior quality). and no grapes, | cl ants or gooseberrie: excepi in- | significant wild varieties. There would be no American oranges, lemons or grapefruit, nor even the luscious Sirawberries, until science had intro- | Quced the parents from North and | South America and. by horticultural | union, bred up their progeny—the fine | berries we now know. Fxperimen are introducing nearly all the tropica frults into our South. and California | figs are now rivaling those which | made Smyrna famous. | ‘American horticultural scie: is thus bringing into our own garden and orchards the best fruits and vege- | tables of the whole® world—such as| certalnly were not indigenous to Amer- ica when Ponce de Leon arrived in the | Flower Country” (as he called Flor- | ida), nor when the cavaliers founded | nor when the Pilgrims | landed on bleak Plymouth Rock. * ok KK The part which science played in in- troducing figs into California has often been related. but still it remains the ic, as well as the most | typical, story in our horticuiture. There was no doubt that the climate of California was suitable to growing it correspgnds with that sur- n Asia Minor. As the finest in the 3 planted in lifornia, vear after year they | produced no matuved fruit; the young green figs would fall from the trees. There Is a varviety of fig tree origi- | nating upon the Island of Capri whic never produces figs. It has long heen grown also in the Smyrna region, | though only for ornament, according | to Smyrna fig growers. An American | sclenitst, Swingell, travoling Department of Agriculture, ex the fig orchards about Smyrna and noted there a tiny wasp which laid fts eggs In the blossoms of the Capri fig tree, and wheon these eggs were hatch- ed the voung wasps hunted eagerly more fig blossoms in which to lay their eggs. and when all the Capri blossoms were occupied they flew also to the Smyrna varieties, carrying Caprl pollen on their legs and wings, for surely Howard Pyle may be class. ed as a Philadelphian, having studied. baving taught in this city—that stood dominant in that proud period of American illustration which made the books and magazines of our country the richest treasure-trove of art that the world of publication has ever seen —FEdwin .A. Abbey, Howard Pvle, Joseph Pennell.” Alas that they are no’ more,’ Kt “happy are we indeed that their works may still be enjoved and studied, and that their genius thus blessed not only their own, but successive ge ne! - at a grea ficult to hold steady because its length and The | make steady These are telescope. George | xe | return + Capri, | rust distan. 1t is more Aif. the increased magnification holding more necegsary the disadvantages of the Q. What fs the name of the moss which grows on trees in lonisiana? V. 1. G. A The Burean of Plant Industry 'x that the moss of Louisiana fn which yvou refer is called Southern moss, Spanish moss or Florida mos. The burean prefers the name South ern moss, as, even though it is called Spanish and Florida moss, it ix grown to a verv lmited extent in either locality. Q. In cribhage how much da s connt? . A A. Four 5s count 20, § for the four 155, and 12 for the double pair royvai fonr Q. Do light blue and dark hlue sap. phires come from the same place? BN A. The cornflower blue or dark Ivet blue type is brought from Ceylon. The light blue and peacack bltie sapphire come from Rurma Stop a winute and think ahout this fact: You can ask The Evening Star Information Rureaw any question of fact and get the answer back " personal letter It is a great edu- cational idea introduced into the lives of the most intelligent people in the wrorld—American newspaper readers. It is a part of that best purpose nf a newspaper—-Servic There iz no charge except 2 centa in stamps for postage Get the habit of asking questions. Address your letter to The Evening Star Information Burcau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. €. F EVENTS . COLLINS., which they rubbed off upon the pistils of the Smyrna blooms. The scientist shipped to California some of the Capri trees, at the hlos soming season, hearing the eggs of the wasps, and there, in California. the p eggs hatched and the yourg wasps did just as had their ancestors done in Smyrna—carried Capri pollen into the pistils of the Smyrna tre and behold a new industry was creat ed in California, which produced figs as delicious as those of Asia Minor! Without the fruitless Capri trees there could he no wasps; without the wasps, outnumbering the blooms of there could be no matured fruit upon the Smyrna trees of America. L While we owe to the world our many fruits and vegetables, the world owes to America its corn, potatoes, tomatoes and tobacco. here is a “flare-back” in which both America and Kurope are in- volved. We gave to Europe the white pine. lLater, some of our nurseries imported from Germany white pine with il they also brought in a in disease which had not been important in Europe. That fungus | disease passes one of its stages as a parasite upon gooseberries or cur- rants. and soon it became virulent in America. 1t cannot be eradicated, but if care is taken to keep goose- berries and currant bushes at least 600 to 900 feet from the white pine, the “blister rust” does not reach ft. In that narrow neutral zone. the blister rust is controlled. But it takes a much wider neutral zone hetween harberry and wheat to keep the hlack out of the grain, which comes from the disease zerm harbored in barberry. Airplane traps. high in the sky, demonstrate that germs fly many miles, in the upper sirata. . ok ox % ‘The most serious introd plant disease is the fungus destroying the chestnut forests. Nn spray reaches the fungus. This fungus was found on Manhattan Is- land about 10 or 12 vears ago: today t has spread from Maine to South Carolina, and within vears it will infest all chestnut trees in the United States: within 40 years there will he no more of this most valuable tree. leather can be tanned with a blend of oak. hemlock and a certain tropical tannin, but chestnut s preferred for sole leather. Oak and can be used for other ieathe but it is net so favored for sole leather as chestnul. Army au- thorities are concerned over the loas of chestnut tannin, and the sybstitute of the hlend requiring the tropical tannin, because, in time of war, im- ports w be imperiled upon the seas. It is found that while the fungus comes from China, whence the wiginal chestnut came, it is not roublesome in China, and scientirts are now seeking in China specimens of fungus-resisting chestnuts for im- portation and development in the new arboretum. Dr. Taylor suggesis that the sup- ply of Army shoes may be seriously affected by the ' success in this arboretum of re: ant chestnut trees which, it is hoped. will supplant the tion of which iz | American chestnut. SR What is needed for facilitating scien- tific attacks on plant diseases is a complete collection in the arhoretum of all the varieties—wild and cultivat- ed—of all trees and shrubs. so that® the scientist can watch their actlon under all conditions. Often the bybrids produced by crossing two widely separated parent plants are hardier and more desirable than either parent. At the Arlington experiment station Dr. Waite is growing 2.000 bybrid pears, and isx greatly encouraged he- -ause, out of the 2000 specimens, here are 8 or 10 which he finds “promising.” In France. orchardista very often train peach, apple and pear trees into vines, cutting off all side branches and fastening the “vines” against stone or brick walls. They claim that they thus: get finer fruit. But the practice is not favored in America, as Dr. Taylor explains, because of the higher labor costs, and. particularly, hecause our sunshine is so much mors bril liant than that of “Sunny France" that the fruit does not need the extra benefit of the reflection of heat and light from the walls. In an address by Prof. John Merle Coulter at the dedication of the Brooklyn Botanic Garden laboratory, he referred to the social and educa- tional advantages of such institutions, and added: ““The general pure sclence holds public welfare, and that applied science serves our needs. If we had nly applied science it would soon he- come sterile. It is pure or fundamental science that makes progress possible. For example, if Faraday had not worked in pure seience. Edison would have had no basis for his wonderful invention.” ACopyright. 1926. by Paul ¥. Tellinzd impression is that no relation to D