Evening Star Newspaper, April 11, 1926, Page 11

FILIPINOS LOSING | LAND TO JAPANESE Island Natives Leave Farms for Towns—Orientals Hold Much Land. BY WALTER ROBB. Correspondence of The Star and the Chicago Dally News. MANILA, P. L—Economic laws are seriously interfering with Phillppine politics opposed to letting agricultural corporations have more than 2,500 acres each for either pineapples or rubber, or for sugar, coconuts or hemp, ‘which prevents the incoming ot rarm capital and the opening gnd developing of the vast stretches of primeval jungle, now the habitat of nomadic savages. A study of the situation has been made by the American Chamber of | “ommers gathering data from its own investigations and those of the Government bureaus. These data show that the peasantry is leaving | the rural districts and migrating to 1he cities. Men whose ancestors have from immemorial times been small but independent freeholders, move to town and become dependent wage earners in the few industries that have been successfully established. Population Increased. Under natural eire men would prefer fa other occupation, and sire to own land, which the P policy toward United States pre- vents, In essence the problem is a very simple one. Better sanitation througk out the Philippines has resulted in | rapidly increased population in all the rural districts. In the old neighbor- hoods labor has become too abundant; and _in the case of free holdings of | fanilies have become too large to warrant further division of the flelds, already 1. When peasants inherijt They inherit so little that they leave it in the communal family property. They go off to the nearest port, there to fake jobs as longshoremen or at whatever offers. Thousands go to | Hawaii, where they can save enough from wages to return to the Philip- pines in four or five years and buy a pléte of land of their own, but this is ity open to , as virtually no new plantations e being opened in_the islands. Without money and left wholly de pendent on themselves, they cannot, of course, tackle the jungle. where if they were not killed they would | hover on the verge of starvation until | discouragement drove them aw: rom their homesteads. One v reat discouragement is that the ungle s largely unsurveyed, and itles of homsteaders have to be proved in court. By honest or dis- hionest methods the peasant r lose 1i8 holding after clearing it and plant ing it during several years. This he knows only too well No Roads in Jungle. There arve no roads in the jungle, only paths made by wild animals and equally wild men. Going there pen- niless, the peasant cannot build roads and when he has luck enough even o produce a small crop he cannot sell se he cannot get it out to On the other hand. ho s suc | r planta Juilds roads or rivers. | plies may be | money. and | It has guards any rate, it which the service the where or withou products may be sold it these are necessary: at as a settled community nomad fears and respects. But there are not enough of such communities to protect more than a fraction of the number of young | easants who must find the mes livelthoud, so population flow from the lund and into the towns, vear independence for a lu arger number of families ends. Once | he peasants are wway from the land | theit inclination is to sell it ¥ opment of middle class engag ach vear independence for a larger number of families gnds. Once the peasants are away from the land their | inclination is to sell it. The develop- | ent of a middle class engaging in in- | dustries, financed by stock and bond ! nvestments, is measured of course by | he prior development of agriculture. | i ally static, so is in- | he surplus of wealth in the | casional fa here and there does | ot therefore find investment i «nd bon, would in vhere normal conditions p E t is turned into land—the lund the | peasants have abandoned because the <ons went off to town. In this way | ates accumulate, and present- ‘ an troubles arise Demand for Products. Meantime there il over the worl 1cts and other grown here. veat demand | ilippine prod- < that might be | hemp. coconuts (perhaps the 1 farm ¢ in the world). tobacco. sugar. coffe ices, | zums and resins (from the forestsy, | rubber, pineapples and b s and | itrus n i be | Lrown: 1tageously than in | China o Japanese and Chinese take full ad-| sitnation. a study of mmigration ation show Feudal administration is not \unfam. | illar to the Japanese heir comp than an American or native company, they hold much larger estates by trust \greements among themselves. They iireadv dominate agriculture in_one vich region, are learning how profitable Philippine «griculture is, and they employ on iheir plantations their own people, not Filipinos to any considerable ex- tent. By these devious ways in which cconomic laws are working in spite of political opposition, the Filipino is los- ing his country. A chapter like one in the history of anelent Egypt is belng written (Copyright. 1921 Ly Chicago Daily News.) AR DR. PARKHURST HITS PROHIBITION MEASURE Interference With Personal Rights Decried by Noted Re- form Leader. By the Associgted Press. NEW YORK, ‘April 10.—Opposition to the present prohibition law . was expressed today by Rev. Dr. Charles H. Parkhurst, pastor emeritus of the |! First Presbyterian .Church, famed a seneration ago as a crusader against vice. My objection extends to the point that tha, law intezfures with right: Wi are personal to the individual, he said in & statement to The Sun. “The temperate use af spirits of liquor of any kind is an individual right justified by individual conscience, | | by old-time usage, by the Bible. “There are prohibitions which are justified, but as the present situation is,”” he concluded, “the better classes of the people are ngamst the law.” Becommended From the Londan Opinion. | the former g Though one of || n get no more land || the Davao Province. They ;| Tract of 4,500 Acres His Only Home for Last Quar!er of Lentun . il'.irm Is Dlvnded Into 11 Units, 10 Tilled by “Share” Croppers. By the Associated Press. CHICAGO, April 10.—Frank O. Lowden, former Governor of Illinois, the man who overturned precedent by declining the vice presidential nomina- tion after he had been formally chosen by his party and who is lead ing a movement for an export cor- poration for disposal of crop surpluses, actually s a dirt farmer. Sinissippi Farm, which spreads its broad expanse of 4,500 acres along the Rock River near Oregon, 111, 99 miles northwest of Chicago, is his only home and has been for a quarter of a cen- tury. The farm is divided into 11 units, 10 of them tilled by share crop- pers, or, as the former governor terms them, partners. The eleventh unit, a full section of 640 acres, is the “home place” and it is there that Mr. Low- den actually puts into practice his theories of practical farming, while at the same time acting as general overseer of the other 10 units. Four-Room Office on “Home Place.” There is a. four-room office building with two clerks on the “home place,” but management of the prope vernor most eve ay in the open, usually astride a rather spir- ited horse as he directs the harvesting, planting, feeding and milking. One-third the acreage is under culti- vation, a second 1,500 acres is devoted to pastures and the remainder is in wooded upland. Corn, oats, barley, rye and alfalfa make up the Sinissippl crops, but be- cause of development of the farm's dairy herds little is left for marketing. Distributed among the 11 farm units | are 330 Holstein-Friesian milch cows. Six of the units are stocked with full blooded, registered cows, while the other five units operate with “grade’ cattle, cross-breeds, although the per- centage of pure blood is high. On the “home place,” Mr. Lowden has nearly 50 purebred Holstein-Friesians, and space is being provided for additions. Boasts of Big Yield Per Acre. Much of the land had been tilled un- til virtually lifeless when it came into pos: he delights to tell of producing 100 bushels of corn to an acre, where previously not more than 20,to 30 had been produced. The entire farm can- not boast of that record prodaction, but several atres were pointed out as having done so. For several years he planted 50,000 seedling pines annually on the bare spots and it is with more pleasure that he points to trees he placed 20 vears ago. Tree diseases have appeared in sections from which he formerly ob ained his =eedling pines. and next Spring he will establish his own nur- ry “All of Tllinols does not prod cnough seedling pines to supply me, e tors\afid lisoewestath tare fised on the farm. There is some work in which each excels, although Mr. Low hinted that his personal prefer- o ran toward horses. The farm es are all sizeable animals, Perch- erons. Belgiuns and Clydes in the ma- Jority AL 10 of Mr 1 farmers, some - sons of the soil Lowden's partne; e college-bred and son All of them Billiard tables are a feature of many of the prominent women's clubs in London, where the sport has grown popular among women during v finds | ion of the former governor, and | | of bank robbery in Can THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. EX-GOV. LOWDEN PROVES RIGHT TO TITLE OF REAL DIRT FARMER EX-GOVERNOR LOWDEN. LEAGUE PUSHING WORK ON ARMS SUPERVISION | Elaborating Drsft Convention for Overseeing Private Manufacture of War Implements. By the Associated Press GENEVA, Switzerland, April 10 The League of Nations secretariat is pursuing its task of elaborating a draft convention for supervision of the private manufacture of arms, mu- nitions and implements of war. This work is being carried on in ac- cordance with the decision of the league council at its December ses. sion and pending receipt of replies from the various governments to the circular addressed to them in March, 1925. No reply received has yet been | from the Russian Soviet government to the league inviting Soviet repre- sentation on the preliminary disarm- ament committee assembling here ay 18. The Impression in league however, is that Russia will decline in pursuance of its policy toward Switzerland growing out of the Vorovsky assassination at Lau- sanne in 1923, ESCAPED CONVICT TAKEN. Claims Sentence Was Commuted. Said to Be Bank Robber. NEW ORLEANS, La., April 10 (#).— Lewis Hart Austin, 32, who escaped from the Arkansas Penitentiary in 1921, and who is said to be wanted as the leader of a band that shot a bank cashier and stole $16,000 in Salt; Lake City, Utah, several years ago was arrested here today. Austin also was wanted on charges of bank rob- bery at Hartselle, Ala. 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