Evening Star Newspaper, October 5, 1925, Page 6

6 THE EVENING STAR [thought of the dahlia as kind of a|son why it should benefit at the ex-[ Held German Marks. With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY........October 5, 1925 THEODORE W. NOYES...Editor Xhe Evening Star Newspaper Company Bustness Office 11¢h St.and Penneivania Ave. e Yorid dice! “TT0 Faat 4204 st. European Office: © 16 Rezent St.. London. Fngland The Evenine Star. with the Sunday morn- Ing edition. |~ defivered by carriers’ within ® clty At 60 denta ner month: dally onlv: 45 cents per month: Sunday only. 20 cents Per month. Orders max he sent by mall or t~laphoae Main 5000, Collection is made by carrier at the end of e: month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sundas....1 yr. S8 40: 1 m 211 onie 130 SR a0 Sunday onl; 1yr.82.40: All Other States. Patly and Sunday 10.00: 1 mo. Daily only ... €7.00° 1vr.S; S 7 8unday oniy. [yl s300: Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press fe sxclusively entitled $0 the us- renuh! o n of all news die- rnwh-n credited to it or not otherwise cre ted {n' this naper and al<o the loca! news oy Al richts of publication of e also reserved lihed herein cfal di The Thompson Resignation. Commissioner Frederick I. Thomp- #on of the Shipping Board, at variance with the policy of President Coolidge which looks to the operation of the Government fleet of merchantmen by the Fleet Corporation with a single ad. ministrative head instead of by the board, has resigned. Mr. Thompson says frankly in letter of resigna- tion that he wishes to feel free to fight a change In the law which would take this executive function from the Ship- ping Board, a change which will be sought from Congress when that body reconvenes, The commissioner, in support of the operation of the fleet by the board of seven commissioners, seeks to appeal to sectlonal interest. He says, in ef- fect, that with a single executive run- ning the fleet, the Gulf coast, the Pacific coast, the Atlantic coast, the Great Lakes States and the interior States may not have their interests as jealously guarded as by a board whose membership is picked to repre- sent these various regions. He looks ut the shipping problem from the sec- tional rather than from the national point of view. If his argument was followed out to its logical conclusion the executive power of the United States, now vested In a President, would be in the hands of a regional body of seven men or more, made up of men of different political faiths. TUnder such a plan the Government of the United States, or the management of any great business such as the Gov- ernment’s shipping business, would largely be at the mercy of a debating eociety. The Shipping Board and its func- tions are compared by Commissioner Thompson to the Interstate Commerce Commission, an independent regula- tory and semi-judicial body regulating the railroads and fixing rates. The analogy is faulty. The Interstate Com- merce Commission does not operate the railroads. It merely decides what rates and practices shall be main- tained by them. This is the job, by the way, for which the Shipping Board was originally planned by Congress, with relation to shipping, a job which the board very properly shovld con- tinue to handle. Tt may be argued that the Government owns no rail- roads, except one in Alaska and an- other across the Isthmus of Panama, while it does own the ships. But dur- ing the war, when the Government took over the operation of the rail- roads, did it place that operation in the hands of the Interstate Commerce Commission? It did not. A Federal raflroad administration was set up, with one man, a raliroad administra- tor, at its head in Washington. Nor does the Interstate Commerce Com- mission operate either the Alaska or the Panama railroad. Furthermore, Mr. Thompson asserts that some of the sections of the coun- try have suffered under the operation of the Government fleet since the plan of the President has been in effect, with the Fleet Corporation handling the ships. But it is well understood that no ships have been taken off, no lines have been consolidated or aban- doned without such action having been finally approved by the reglonal Shipping Board for which Mr. Thomp- Eon now contends. The Shipping Board, in adopting the resolution pro- viding for the operation of the Gov- ernment fleet by the Fleet Corpora- tion, withheld to itself final decision in these matters. The postal service, which includes the transportation of the mails, an ex- press business and a banking business, is transacted by the Federal Govern- ment with a single exccutive at its bead. All the various regions of the country are cared for. If they were not their representatives in Congress would be found vigorously protesting. And it any discrimination in the oper- ation of the business w attempted there would be protests from the same source. What the country needs and the people demand is the most economic and eflicient administration of its Gov- ernment-owned fleet for the sake of commerce and national defense, until the ships can be owned and operated by private Americans. These ends can be achieved far more successtully through a system with a single execu- tive head than through a multi- partisan board. ———————— ‘Weather ccnditions make it desir- able to know when to aviate as well as how. A Dahlia Show. The annual dahlia show of the Takoma Horticultural Club comes on again. The prominence of the dahlia provokes comment. When the United States was young the dahlia, with the vinnia, the undeveloped chrysanthe- mum, lilac, snowball, bridal wreath and peony, lived in the old-home gar- den. Among the blooming neighbors were sweetwilliams, pinks and pansies and a few varieties of old-fashioned, but fragrant, lovely roses. There came a time when the dahlia seemed to fall on evil dava. It sank to low estate. It was neglected. The up-to- @date ladies of forty or fifty years ago | has-been among the flowers. Then ten or fifteen years ago the dahlia, more radiant and expressive than before, made a fresh appeal for | favor, and some persons talked of the renulssance or the renascence, the |reditio and even of the plain revival {of the dahlia. Now it holds a high | estate in the kingdom or queendom of the flowers. Some say that it has be- come the court favorite of Flora. On roads near Washington one sees dahlia farms, brilllant acres. It is in the flower shops, and people swap silver for the glowing flowers. Florists tell of its popularity. People call it day-lya, darlyah and dal-yer, but no matter Few persons need to be told that the name by which we call it was given it by Carl Linne, the Swedish naturalist, whose name in its Latin form, Carolus Linnaeus, is an oft- spoken one among men. Linne called the flower dahlia after one of his pupils whose name was Dahl. He is mentioned in many books as “a Swed- Ish botanist,” but his Christian name seems not easy to find, and only a man with a good library on botany can tell what Dahl's work was in botany The small, wild flower was plentiful in Mexico, and an old historian tells that specimens were sent from the botanic garden of Mexico to that of Madrid in 1784, whence specimens of the flower reached England in 1789 and France in 180 In 1804 Humboldt sent specimens and bulbs from Mexico to Berlin. The development of the dahlla has been fostered by sclentists, they have fostered hundreds of plants that promised beauty or other {use. Tt belongs to the genus “hidens,” which, of course, means “‘two-tooth" or *“two-teeth,” and in the country around Washington are weeds close of kin to dahltas. Tt may be hard for some persons to grasp that swamp beggarticks, beggarticks of the flelds and high woods, Spanish needles which stick in your clothes on every coun- try walk and the bur marigolds of the fields and woods are “bidens,” and in many ways show their kinship to the great and cultured dahlias. Business Good Cheer. Reports from all authoritative sources indicate that American busi- ness has a more hopeful outlook from a sounder foundation than at any time since the World War. No dark spots of any magnitude obscure the sun of general prosperity, and this begets a general confidence in the future that is highly reassuring. There is every indication of further progress without danger of overex- pansion. Fundamentally and psycho- logically, business is in good health. Many factors have contributed to this satisfactory state of affairs, but none to a greater extent, probably, than the improved prices for farm products and the consequently en- hanced purchasing power of the tarm- er. Prices of all commodities are in better relationship than they have been at any time since the slump fol- lowing the armistice, and that prices should be in proper relationship is a prime essential to any sound and en- during prosperity. More and more it is being driven home that it is im- possible for the entire body to be in good health with any vital organ suffering affliction. How interwoven are the factors which make for gen- eral well-being is realized when it is shown that the price of hogs in Iowa, the price of wheat in the Dakotas and the price of citrus fruits in Flor- ida and California bear directly on the volume of unfilled orders on the books of Pennsylvania steel mills. A striking feature of the situation is the fact that despite suspension of mining and shipping of anthracite coal, weekly car loadings have again passed the millien mark. This may be accounted for in part, but not wholly, by the increased movement of bituminous coal, due both to substi- tution for anthracite and to the ap- proach of cold weather, but a tre- mendous volume of business is neces- sary to the loading of a milllon cars a week, and it is possible only when there is general activity in practi- cally all lines. Effects of the anthra- cite strike may be felt later on, but 0 far it has caused hardly a ripple on the pool of prosperity. In retail merchandising conditions could hardly be better. The public, is liberal, but discriminating in its buy- ing, which is the most healthful of public buying moods, and goods are flowing in a steady and consistent stream over the shelves of merchants. Money is in plentitul supply for all legitimate purposes, and while there has been somewhat of a bulge in spec- ulative borrowings, they have not yet reached a volume to make an increase in dlscount rates advisable. All in all, it looks like a falr voyage, with no one showing any serious disposition to rock the boat. —————r———————— A few people are still clamoring for ‘“‘the good old times,” but with the in- ternational agitation now in evidence nobody has the temerity to organize another “Don’t Worry” Club. — et The prestige of the “infant prodigy” is ably defended by the career of Jackie Coogan, but attacked with equal ability by that of Walter John- son. ——————— Uncle Sam Told to Vacate. The Department of Justice has been told to vacate its rented quarters. Nothing has happened in recent months which more emphasizes the need of new Government buildings in the Capital than this action. Even a mental picture of the Attorney Gen- eral of the United States on the side- walk, with the records of the depart- ment strewn about, is a shock to the imagination. The dispossess notice was served by the owner of the building occupied by the Department of Justice because the rent paid by the Government is insufficlent. The Government pays $75,000 annually for the building, and the Government itself lights, heats and cares for the buflding. The owner insists the building is worth a million dollars and the rental should be much higher. Rents have in- creased along with property values here, and because the Government is the government is no particular rea- THE EVENING BTAR, WASHINGTON, D. 0., MONDAY, OCTOBER 5, 1925. pense of the owners of bulldings in ‘Washington. The difficulty probably will be ad- | Justed before the department is turned out, bag and baggage. But even so, it will be merely a case of tempo- rizing with a situation that is incredi- Lly bad. The United States Govern- ment {s spending approximately $1,000,000 a year for rented buildings in Washington. If the rental of the Department of Justice Building s to be increased, there is reason to be- lieve that other rentals will go up, too. The bill, instead of becoming less, will increase as the years go by. The Government owns and occuples 56 buildings in Washington, including the White House, the Capitol group, the executive departments and the Smithsonian group. On the other hand it leases and occuples 46 buildings here. The result is expensive, not alone because of the rents paid by the Government, but because of the incon- venience of having many of the agen- cles of the executive departments widely scattered and the lessening of efficiency on the part of the Govern- ment workers by reason of poor quar- ters and working conditions. President Coolidge has recommended to Congress a building program for the Government in the District of Co- lumbia, contemplating an expenditure of $50,000,000 over a period of years. He will make similar recommenda- tions, it is expected, to the new Con- sress which meets in December. Sen- ator Smoot, chalrman of the Public Buildings Commission, is earnesly in favor of such a building program for the District. The vital needs of the Government here are known to him particularly because it is the duty of the commission which he heads to allocate space to the departments and to see as far as possible that these needs are adequately met. ——————————— Rerouting the Busses. An informal suggestion has been made to the Public Utilities Commis- sion by the Capital Traction Co. that the route of the Chevy Chase de luxe bus line be changed from east to west on Kalorama road so that the terrl- tory lying west of Connecticut avenue could be served. The new route would turn the busses west on Kalorama from Connecticut avenue to Twenty-third street, south to Wyoming avenue, west to Twenty- fourth street and south to Massachu- setts avenue. The busses at present g0 south on Connecticut avenue, east on Kalorama and south on Eighteenth street. Residents of the neighborhood through which it is proposed to route the bus line are vigorously opposing the move, pointing out that that sec- tion of the National Capital is the “last stronghold” of AA restricted residential zoning, and that they do not need and do not want bus trans- portation. Inasmuch as no indorsement of the change in routing has been received and no formal application has been made by the traction compa pro- tests of the property owners should be considered by both the company and the commission before going further in the matter. If it is ap- parent that this section is united against a bus line, it would seem as if no benefit would be derived from re- routinig. Although bus line routing through residentfal sections is generally pro- tested by property owners, who some- times have no real basis for complaint, protests on this particular change have the merit of being well founded because of the action of the Zoning Commission, which prohibits even the erection of apartment houses in that territory. Taking these things into considera- tion, the Capital Traction Co. will probably decide to operate the line over {ts present route. —_— e Coal strikes come and go. The ulti- mate consumer has relapsed into tho attitude of the habitual spectator who can no longer be either thrilled nor amused. ————————— Caillaux left the U. S. A. before he had an opportunity to get acquainted with Florida real estate, which seems unworthy of so accomplished a finan- cier. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHXLASD;J_OHA\‘SON. A Successful Day. You had to face the traffic cop Who tells you when to go or stop. You took your chances on a skid. You passed the rogues in ambush hid. For flowing bowls you did not fall Which kill you with wood alcohol. Amid the perils passing by You find yourself still high and dry, And gleefully we pause to say, “Friend, we are all alive today! We still survive the strife and stress, So yesterday was a Success!” An Inducement. “Don’t you think modern fashions are absurd?” “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum. “One of the reasons for my remain- ing in politics is that it permits a man to go on wearing an old-fashioned high'hat and Prince Albert coat.” Disproportion. He who for a billion hollers Often finds his course quite clear. But to borrow fitty dollars Needs a clever financler. Jud Tunkins says an old friend who admits that he thinks well of you is one of the things that make life worth living. Positively Dry. s there any illicit liquor in Crim- son Gulch?” Lemme see,” mused Cactus Joe. “This {s Sunday. There's never any left over from Saturday night. But there may be some next week.” Uninterruption. Vacations need not interfere ‘With efforts to make matters clear. Investigations can be made, We find, without the Senate's aid. “De man dat’s lookin’ foh trouble,” said Uncle Eben, “generally brings a supply dat’s mo’ dan enough right along with him,” ! mostly among the young fiy THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. There is one pieusure the writer of this column has which his readers do not, and that is reading the letters which come to his desk from them. To me there is no form of writing more interesting than letters; there- fore, if 1 have managed to interest and please others, they have rewarded me many times over. In the belief that letters are always interesting, I am subjoining some from various persons, signing the initials instead of the names. Here is a_pertinent one, inspired by the close appearance of two articles: “My dear Mr. Tracewell: “I wonder if there is siny connection between your failure to kill the fleas Spratt and your effusion in tonight's Star on the backscratcher? “Sincerely, ER.8C” A posteard addressed to the cat from Ocean City, N. J., sald: “Come up and drown your fleas in the ocean—but I fear you'll not like the treatment.” This card was signed: “Your first visitor in Washington.” Here s another, signed “Jack Spratt's admirer": Ir. Tracewell: ell Jack Spratt for me, I'm sorry he has fleas, and hope he will soon be rid of them. Wish I knew some remedy to suggest. Tell Jack to be sure and stick close to his good home, | for hell stand a_better chance of | cleaning himself of these pests. Jack S. s a_good friend of mine, even | though I never wrote him before.” | * ok ok ok | _ From York Harbor, Me., came the | following, which I enfoyed very much, | particularly for the last sentence: “Dear Sir: I am so glad to learn that Jack Spratt is home again. “Enjoyed the articles in The Star so much, and hope he won't care to wander iguin. “From a friend of all Jack Spratts. From a Washingtonlan, the folloy Ing, at a time when Jack was belng given a rest from publicit “Dear Mr. Tracewell: Not having seen anything about Jack Spratt in The Star for the last two Sundays, I am wondering if he has run away again, or if something has happened to him. “I have greatly enjoyed your articles about him for a year or so, and 1 surely hope nothing has hap. pened to him. 1lost a pet cat about three years ago. so I was in a posi- tion to sympathize with you when you lost Jack. “I hope he is O. K. and that you will continue to write about him in The Sunday Star. Sincerely, EE I could fill this column up several times over with Jack Spratt letters, but let us turn to other topics. “My Dear Mr. Tracewell: You certainly do hit the human nail on the head, and I just have to write and tell you so. When I read about the cheap t was more amused t for two years I done so. T am a business woman and therefore go down town every d but I never have time for the stralner. morning ¢ of tea is made with flver one and every day before I leave I cast an anxious look at it, either laid on the edge of the Kitchen table, the top of the gas range or on the window sill, and I positively wince. “This and That is always a pleasure. I often run across things in my work | I wish you could write up. Please give have mot| my best regards to Jack Spratt and WASHINGTON tell him how glad he must be that he doesn’t use 'shoe laces or tea stralners. Sincerely, J. B. F.” * kK K ‘My Dear Mr. Tracewell: “As Byron sings, assisted by the undersigned: "Tis gweet to hear the watchdog's honest mouthed welcome as we draw ear home: \ "Tis sweet to know thers fs an eyo to mark Our literary efforts, prose or poem. “Assuming that you are not an ex- ception to the rule, I venture to here express my appreciation of your This and That, generally speaking, and particularly to toss a bouquet in your direction relating to some re- cent gem essays on gardens and gar- dening. “I hadn’t paid particular attention to them until the other day I came across one in a stray back number of The Star, and, glancing through the first short paragraph, was moved to read it to the end. “In it you sermonize on patience, as you put it, ‘one of the necessary virtues of gardening.’ This one, pub- lished in The Star of July 26, and that of August 23, I especially like. They are prose poems worth binding in a book. I consider the ‘patience in the garden’ sheer poetry—didactic poetry at its best—calling attention to an ‘eternal verity’ too little under- stood and at the same time not too heavy-footed in its verblage. “No, I am not a gardener, as you may have surmised, although I ha raised a_flock of sunflowers this season. Mincerely, NS A lady over in the Southwest sends me a recipe for lemon pie: “Anent your article on lemon ple in The Star: 5 ¥or a pio that appeals to the eye And ‘reaches the soul beneath, This recipe. " {riend. sou will use to the en That I now to you bequeath Its ftart and it's eweet und can't be 1w Niscious and delsctable, oo Without meringue. tbis pie for a man, Please try it. my friend, bow do. “A real lemon ple for a man. “Mix dry 1 cup sugar, 2 heaping tablespoonsful sifted flour, grated rinds and julce of 2 lemons and a knick of salt; add 4 egg yolks and beat well. Pour slowly into this 1%z cups of boil ing water, stirring cons boiling till thick and cream minutes. Then, while mixture is s hot, pour it into the stifflv beaten whites of 4 eggs and beat for a minute or two. 9L L W The following letter, just received, I hope to have the pléasure of swering at length soon in this column. It is from the Northeast. “st ading your contributlon to The Star almost every evel 1 find much that is interesting and amusing as well as helpful and instructive. “I venture to make my first request, which will be for some more definite information in regard to your method of growing sweet peas in this climate. “Some time ago you made a general suggestion that they should be planted In_the Fall. 1y mother has come to live with me in Washington from her Northern home, where she had a lovely flower garden, and we have tried for two vears to ruise things like she used to have, “AS far as sweet peas are concerned, we have 1d absolutely no success. I would be very glad to know just how and at what time to plant them in the Fall for her pleasure as well as my own. B. M. W. OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Flying is believing 1s apparently the Coolidge Air Board's reading of the old saw, for its members con- template taking to the sky this week. The occasion is the national air races | at Mitchel Field, Mineola, Long Island. 1f Chalrman Morrow and his fellow investigators can clean up things by the middle of the week, it is planned that they shall scorn old- fogy methods of transportation and wing thelr way to the North. Some of them are new to the air. But they hold it in accord with the etern: fitness of things that they should use the airplane, and not the railroad, to Long Island. Besides, it will save time, and Morrow and his fellow dig- gers ‘are busy men. * % % % An inordinately large amount of chaffl has been produced by the Air Service inquiry along’ with useful wheat. There is a tendency dwell at tiresome length on compar: tively irrelevant questions of rank, promotion, allowances and th like, leaving the bigger issues un- touched and obscured. Very little ac- tually new stuff has been brought to light. Except for Col. Mitchell's refer- ences to recent events, even his own testimony was largely a re-hash of what he told the congressional in- vestigating committee last February. Also it bears a close resemblance to his testimony before the General Board last September when it delving into aircraft matters at Pres dent Coolldge’s instigation. * ok ok K One of the French debt commis- sioners has remained behind to visit family relations in the United States. He is the suave Marquis Pierre de Chambrun, great-grandson of Marquis de Lafayette, and whose -own youth was spent in Washington, where his father was counselor of the French legation in President Lincoln’s time. The elder De Chambrun was as close to Lincoln as ahy man in the Great Emancipator's Avhole circle. Lincoln took the young French diplomat with him to receive the surrender of Rich- mond, and De Chambrun’s well known countenance appears in the familiar pictures of the friends gathered around the martyred President's death hed. The Marquis de Cham- brun, whom Caillaux brought to Washington, is the husband of a daughter of the late Bellamy Storer and has gone to Cincinnati to visit her relatives. A brother, Count Adal- bert de Chambrun, now a general with the French army in Morocco, is the husband of Speaker Nicholas Longworth's sister. * k ok ok When Henry P. Fletcher, American Ambassador to Italy, who is now at his home, near Greencastle, Pa., comes to Washington next week to pave the way for the Italian debt mission, he will pitch his tent at 1718 H street. “1718,” as the establish- ment is known, has for 20 years been the headquarters of a group of American soldiers, sailors and diplo- mats who have been lifetime cronies. The founders of the house were the late Willard D. Straight, Col. Sherwood A. Cheney, who is now one of Presi- dent_Coolidge’s aides, and Col. James A. Logan, until recently American representative on the reparations commission in Paris. A well known denizen of “1718” is Gen. Frank R. McCoy, until last Summer assistant to the Governor General of the Phil- ippines, and who has just come to Washington prior to taking command of an infantry brigade at San An- tonfo. Basil Miles, secretary of the International Chamber of Commerce in Paris, and Willlam Phillips, Amer- ican Ambassador to Belgium, have latchkeys to “1718,” too. Once upon a time its inmates were all bachelors. But each mother’s son of them has since married. Enough of them will hu_ in the country this month to per- mit the holding of an *“old home week™ in the memory-hallowed house on H street. * % o Dr. Josef Wirth, chancelior German reich when the United St made peace with it in 1921, Is one of the dominating figures at the Inter- parliamentary Unifon conference in Washington.” A florid glant of tra- ditional Teutonic dimensions, Wirth, at 42, was the voungest prime min- ister Europe had known since Pitt's time. The other night at the Ger- man embassy, when Baron von Malt- st to ompatriots, the Ambassador recalled a “run in” with Chancellor Wirth in Berlin. Von Maltzan was then an official in the German foreign office. The question of his promotion came up. Wirth thought the diplomat (al- though two years the senior of the chancellor himself) was too young for s0 responsible a post—which he didn’t get. “That matter of two years,” said Ambasshdor von Maltzan to his guests, “is now the only difference there is between Dr. Wirth and myself.” Wirth is very anxious to meet Mr. Hughes, who negotiated peace with him. He was the close friend of the assassinat- ed German foreign minister, Dr, Wal- ther Rathenau. ® % % x Leigh C. Palmer, the bone of con- tention in the United fates Shipping Board, was a command®r in the Navy hen ~ Secretary Josephus Daniels ‘discovered” him and made him chief of the Bureau of Navigation during the war. In that vitally important post, which had mainly to do with personnel, Palmer, clothed with the rank of a rear admiral, at one time supervision over 600,000 men and 45,000 officers of the United States Navy. Although he acquitted him- self famously and was headed toward a fine career in the Navy, Palmer re- signed his commission in 1919 to go into private business with a former An- napolis classmate. The venture took him to China and Japan, but the firm failed, and Palmer took employ- ment with the Shipping Board under the Lasker regime. lie was sent on a mission to Brazil and was about to be appointed the board’s chief repre- sentative in Europe when President Coolidge_drafted him into the presi- dency of the Emergency Fleet Cor- poration. One of Palmer's big jobs in the Navy was to perfect target practice system, introduced by Ad- miral Sims, at President Roosevelt's behest. * ok k% ‘With the dawn of the world series, the most disconsolate man in Wash- ington is the Engineer Commissioner of the District of Columbia, Col. J. Franklin Bell. For whom he shall root—the Pittsburgh Pirates or the ‘Washington Nationals—is keeping Bell awake nights. After the other war the Engineer Commissioner was stationed at Pittsburgh and he has many ties there. But his professional alleglance now belongs to Washing- ton. He is In a pale blue quandary what to do about it when matters grow tense at the Washington base ball park. No man is ever neutral in either thought or act at a world series game. Bell is thinking of see- ing the games in both Pittsburgh and ‘Washington and comporting himself accordingly, (Copyricht, 1925.) Unforgivable. From the St. Paul Ploneer Press. Eventually the doughboy will for- give everything that happened to him except second lieutenants. A his parliamentary | . Writer Cites France’s Action in 17t5 Toward U. S. To the £ditor of The Sta: As an indication of the attitude of the French government toward the American Government at the time the American Colonfes were financially embarrassed soon after the Revolu- tlonary War was over, readers of your paper may be interested in knowing, when France becanie our important ally during the War of the Revolution, it loaned Congress a large sum of money, but this being insufhi- clent to procure us the necessary sup- ply of military stores, additional loins were made from the royal treasury. These being inadequate, we endeav- ored to obtain further loans from European countries which the French King guaranteed. Amerlcan inde- pendence was established through the expenditure of $176,000,000 und $12,- 000,000 of that amount was borrowed abroad. The French government after the close of the war protested against the use of the depreciated paper money of America in payment of debts owing to French subjects by debtors in the United States. Diplo- matic correspondence between M. de Marbols, charge d'affaires of France, New York, May 16, 1783, and John Jay, Secretary Forelgn Affairs, con- tained in part: “® ® *orders have been received by me to press Congress in the name of the King to take effectual measures to satisfy the French creditors of the United States, and to give an account of the arrangements which shall be made by that body. “One of the most important sub- Jects {s that of loan office certificates. The underwritten cannot enter inta the detail of the deplorable state to which many French subjects, holders of the certificates, are reduced. “The interest accumulates yearly, and the complaints of these forc creditors are the more urgent as they see by the payvments made to the cit- izens that it is not through the want of resources and means that they are not paid, but through reasons very distressing to the friends of the United States.” > Further diplomatic correspondence revealed that M. Otto, charge daf- faires of France, New York, in a com- munication protesting against pay- ment of debts in depreciated paper money, dated November 30, 178 - ssed to John id loins represented the labor, the watchings and the fortunes of a | great number of individuals, who had come to the assistance of the U1 ates in most tempestuous Anclent commercial houses in France find themselves reduced to beggary trom having placed too much con- fidence fn paper money and 1 - fice certificate “HIS majes not see with indifference the lo sustalned by his subjects.” I repres American citizens losses through the depreciation of German currency. In an effort to re- er such losses by prosecution of their claims under the tre he tween the United States and Ger- many I have had occasion to study the acton of the French King. The result thereof was the American Con- Kress In 1750 made provisions to pay French bondholders in full and not in depreciated ecnrrency government has attempted to do in discharging fts national indebtedness, which has made possibie the pavment of a_larger measure of reparations to France at the expense of Amer citizens who hold German sec who An investiration made by the experts | attached to the Dawes Commission into the “flight of the mark" discloses a loss to American citizens through the depreciation of German currency of several hundred million dollars, and a corresponding gain to Germany. France has indirectly benefited by reason of the German government en- deavoring to escape fts lability to American citizens. ¥ LEWIS A. M Counsel for Assoc ican Holder WAN. fon of Amer of Foreign Securities. Quotes Legal Opinion. Filipino Contends Congress May Grant Independence. To the Editor of Th Your paper has published ticla by Norbert Lyon: the United States Mis American Chamber of C the Philippine Islands, contending that the Congress of the United States has no power to grant I'hi ippine independence, and urging thorough discussion of the question on the part of the public. We wish to reply, that the legal opinion of the Deparfment of Justice of the United States on this subject is that the Congress has power to do anything with the Philippines as it may see fit. During the Philippine Independence hearings in 1924 by th House committee on insular affairs, cablegram was received by the com- mittee from the American Chamber of Commerce of the Philippines mak- ing this allegation. The committee officially seferred this cablegram to the Department of Justice with a re- quest for a legal opinion, full text of which is as follows: “April 30. 1824, “Hon. Louis W. 1d, House of Representatives, Washington, D. C. essman have the honor to acknowledse receipt of your letter of the 2ith in- tant in regard to the qu of Philippine independence, wherein you state it has been contended that it would be unconstitutional to grant in dependence to the people of the Phil- ippine Island. “The Philippine Islands have never been incorporated into the United States as an integral part therc They are held as an insular po sion, appurtenant to the United States but mot incorporated into the United States. See Downs vs. Bidwell (182 U. S, 244, 341-2), Dorr vs. United States (19 U. S., 135). The Constitu- tion of the United States has mnever been extended to the Philippine Isl- ands. It has been so extended to the Territory of Alaska by congressional enactment, Rasmussen vs. United U. 8., 516). the Constitution of the United States, Congress has complete control over Territories. It likewise has such control over fnsular posses sions, and may do with such posses sions as it may see fit. If Congress deems it expedient to grant complete independence to the people of the Philippine Islands, or a limited inde- pendence, it may, in my judgment, do s0. On the other hand, if Congress should deem it expedient to incorpo- rate the Philippine Islands as a Terri- tory of the United States, extending to it the provisions of the Constitu- tion of the United States, I think un- doubtedly the power exists in Congress to do so. “For a recent discussion of the status of the insular possessions of the United States reference is made to the opinion of the Supreme Court, delivered by Mr. Chief Justice Taft on Aprfl 10, 1922, in the case of Balzac vs. People of Porto Rico (258 U. s, trust the foregoing will assist you in determining the question now be- fore you. Respectfully, “(For the Attorney General), ““ALBERT OTTINGER, “Assistant Attorney General.” Very truly yours, V. G. BUNUAN, Director the Philippine Press Bureau. —_——r—————— ‘The easy-going fellow is sometimes hard to get started.—Illinois State Journal. star an ar- secretary of jon of the merce of s the German | Q. How did the saying “jumping the broom” originate?—H. B. M. A. The expressior “jumping broom” s derived from an old gypsy superstition to the effect that literally jumping a broom one can ward off evil influenc Q. When was the Salton Sea form- ed?—C. N. W, A. The Salton Sea is a temporary lake in southern California, formed in 1905 and 1996 by the overflow inland of water from the Colorado River through the water channel of an frri- gatlon canal conducting water from the Colorado River near Yuma, Ariz., to the Imperial Valley region. Q. Where is a Federal pilot’s license for airplane obtained?—H. O. M. A. There is no Federal pilot's license given to an airplane pilot. Q. Whero did Andrew Jackson get the Indian boy that he took to rear? AE J A. The Bureau of American Eth- nology says that it has no information regarding the_tradition in Tennessee that Andrew Jackson took an Indian boy to rear. Biographies of President Jackson mention an adopted son, but do not state that he was an Indian. Q. How should geraniums be kept through the Winter?—T. C. A. The Department of Agriculture says that the method of hanging ge- raniums up by the roots in the cellar is a reasonably successful way carrying them through the Wi but it is not the best procedure. the | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. ment for §7. I'ublic lands ¢ be purc citizens of the ippine I i of the United rchase pl lividual may res, and ceeding 54 Of the public land an i purchase as m e there in the imal Industry estimated that ants of ber of dogs is found in the Eastern States. Q. What city con rettes at ! E. B. A. Tt is estimated that in Constan- tinople the consumption Is largest per capita nople is re- ported to cigarettes 3 minu . which In & vould mearn aption of th t 800,000 Q. How much of incomn appropriat purpos A. Acc $100, in 1 slons, et |ot the Gover Q. Is best way is to dig the plants up, put them into pots, cut off most of the tops and indow in cool roo | them in ¢ them alone, Q. Why y o have s in this country he is naturalized”—L. G. The naturalization bureau states essed provision man’s family to be in this country when he become naturalized, but ‘the it as evidence of a to reside permane Another r : for fon to this countr citizen, even though she dmissible under the immig Therefore, it would ¢ for the wife to be here in order for 2 man to ok American was in: tion . The United cent of the motion pictures world. in the Q. Do ants turn into flies’ E. F. A. They do not turn into flies narmed 7—A A Mr. 1, dress on “Historic that m: was | Creek which States Zool hoemaker, in a Rock Creel 1 P; distant fr. along the cre res of public If is considered culture. also h r itable for agr The Philippine government nd, commonly ¢ These form be- to the religious corporations were acquired by the govern- longed which is to put | and leave | [ocenr from it § |centage of the £ |old de. lof ag {the dis ase and abe iird of a is sho the last very m n bureaw s 1whatever hey are in an erics—on all | they want swer to { wou. is to help you ! want you to benefit from it | Get the navit of writing to The St | Information B kin, director, streets northicest, Was irst and ngton, D. © Americ are pr Alvord J. illiams’ re a-minute exploit in a little Navy h much of the | | | | i | amation is accon sions of regret that v ing records the Un tinues to lag behind other na 2 levelopment. Green now, the Albany E E < neighbors_ did dreamed of flying you will. But he dreame: the dream came true; ve much more than true ik would not have believed miles a minute himsel The Providence Journal recall “it is not very many ye mile a minute was the synonyn fast traveling. That was on the dull earth, where the friction of rails held ! back the ambitious speeder. In the free air there is no such hardship and he would be a rash prophe should set a hound to the { progress of the future this five by Lieut. Williams for o little more than half * the F phia Public observe feat is i leapi; forward to the ultims It means that the novel S ion of rounding the world in 80 days Is reduced to as many Hurs. It means Man! Bombay in little more than 24 hours. It v map and puts Londo: 10 hours of Philadelphia.” An up-to- date ndard of comparison adopted Ly the Watertown mes, which “Walter John n, the veteran y of the Washington greatest speed of any big pitcher. By means of instruments it has been demonstrated that a fast all pitched by him travels at the rate of two,and a half miles a minut That explains why opposing batter ave trouble in hitting hir speed is only half that made by Lieut. Williams.” * % K * “Licut. Willlams has achieved no other man has Peoria Transcript did it with an American airplane. The Navy every reason to rejoice the record, and he is entitled to the credit going to a hero, a scie: and an explorer.’ however, complains that “this lags behind the other civilized nations of the world in national defense in the air and in commercial aviation,” and adds: “Records are valuable but they will not win battles. It takes planes to do that.” Quoting the cld lines, “We've got the ships, we've got the men, we've got the money, the South Bend Tribune also expresses regret that “we have seemed to lack somehow, the executive ability which makes for perfectly functioning de partments.” “A powerful stimulus to competition between pilot. craft engineers which makes ress” is found by the Kalamazoo G zette in Williams' achievement, while hat “there is little reason to doubt that some time they will make such ma chines as trustworthy for distance a: for speed.” The record is gratifying to the Morgantown New Dominion “especlally as the plane is entirely of American make, and-it is good to realize that American aviation can lead in quality if not in guantity.” “The time is not far off,” opinion of the Pasadena Star-News, “when it will be possible to make a sustained flight at this dizzying speed. Indecd, experts have predicted that that | Though the specd was maintained | ises the | or Paris within is | Nationals, is credited with having the | league | the | nd_he | intense | the New Orleans Tribune feels that | in the | Navy Airman’s Speed Record Wins Plaudits From Editor Herald emic interest News tozether under the stra pilot can live under i umed that such spes s been recor al ope s in the tes 1 perfection the £ h is the.digect of a0 redibyReiflor lifornia. Entry of U in ( Unfted whe@hes orn force 1o neoin year \braham 1 war, when, nd 1o in you. We cort! As | think zne perits kind. hope ong s cossary step toward the attainment world peace. At the s merican Pr been laboriously i Intern; court | Justice: {know, i { synonymou | “What pa f {at present permits individuals that we {or nts, trying to ional Court of Justice. Le it noted, but of all too well re by no means build ax Not a ¢ international lasw uy egation of e nation to nd phinder other such provided they p: Ki couts with bra with fife and drum. nit uothing of the | sort ut * many years the for |eisn relations commiitee of our Senate w5 declined participation in this in ternational court of justice. Senator Lodge wanted u Lodge court; Pepper, | @ Pepper court; Borah, a Borah court. o the avch, that would carry the weight of the world’s wars and woes, lacking its keystone, America, in place. is unequal to its task. Let our citi- ns insist that promptly at its next cession our iate assume the ne: | world's rightful pl as destiny's {leader and put that ystone in pi . ¥orce has failed to bring world peace, now give justice a chance. EDWARD LLRWICK, 1 murder