Evening Star Newspaper, August 28, 1925, Page 1

WI HE (0. 8. Weather Bureau Fair tonight and tomorrow; warmer tomorrow. tures: Highest what Temper: vesterd Full report on page lowest, 56, at R. Forecast.) some- 79, at 6 p.m. 5 a.m. today. Closing N. Y. Stocks pd Bonds, Page 14 e No. 29,704. Jon"ince. TERMS TO FRANCE ON BRITISH DEBT ~ NOTOVERLY" SOFT" Analysis of the London Agreement Makes “Gene- rosity” Hard to Find. DIVIDED THREE WAYS TO GAIN OF BRITAIN Compounding of High Arrearage Interest Rate Increased Total Sum by 40 Per Cent. BY SHELDON S. CLINE. A good deal of the confusion arising ‘from the tentative agreement reached In London for settlement of the French debt to Great Britain is removed when the terms of the proposed settlement are analyzed. What was heralded as a generous gesture by Winston Churchill, chancellor of the British exchequer, is disclosed as a financial bargain lacking a lot of being macri- flcial of British interests. The conclu sion is forced that even if France gets no better terms than Great Britain did when it comes to a set- tlement of the debt owed the Amer- fean Treasury, generosity would lie rather with the United States than with the British government. The plan asreed upon at London for settling the French debt to Great Britain is in a very different form from the plan upon which the British debt to America was settled and which, with possible modifications, is wvailable to the French in the settle- ment of their debt to this country. ‘Where British Plan Differs. In the first instance, agreement divides the p: simple stated yvear! . which em- brace both prineips nd interest, whereas the United States plan of set. tlement s the items of prin- cipal and interest. In the long run it amounts to the same thing. The British propose to collect from France annual pdyments over a period of years, calling it all “Interest,” and a: suming that at the end of that time the principal will be forgiven. The American plan proposes payments for 62 vears, part as interest and part as principal, so that at the end of that period the principal will have been paid off and thus the sanctity of inter- national obligations maintained. In the second instance, the British have divided the debt from France into three parts—the war debt direct to the British treasury, the debt for war supplies sold after the armistice and the debt to the Bank of England for advances during the war. The debt to the Bank of England is apparently to be paid within five years, with fui current interest es. post-armistice war supplies also is to be paid in a short time, at full rates of interest. The supposititious five-year moratorium granted ce, therefore, s merely to cover the period while these full-interestrate payments are being made, calling for heavier annual payments probably than will be the case after the five-vear perlod. the London nents into Loans for Like Purpose. ‘War-time advances from the Banl of England to the Bank of France, for which priority in payments is arrang- ed, were made largely for the purpose | of supporting French exchange. The United States Treasury made similar advances directly to the French gov- ernment for an identical purpose, but these sums were not differentiated | from other loans made for the pur-| chase of war supplies. No priority is | asked in their yment and no higher rate of interest will be e: ted. More- | over, we also have a debt from France | for war supplies sold after the armi- stice, amounting to about $400,000,000. It is apparent the effect would be quite different if the French debt to this Government were to be set up in the same fashion. Another significant fact is found in the statement that the original sum of the French debt direct to the Brit- ish treasury was £445,200,000, or $2, 163,700,000 at present exchange. The amount now being discussed in Lon- don as the principal of the French debt to the British treasury is £623,- 000,000, or $3,027,800,000. The differ- ence between these two sums amounts to $864,080,000, being apparently the net arrears of interest. The original amount of the French debt to the United States was $3,340,500,000, in- clyding all items. If the United States was to charge the same rate of inter- est on arrears as the British are ap- doing. the interest on our - debt from France would be 2 00,000. Therefore, the British are demanding a higher rate for ar- rears of interest than the United States, as our Treasury calculation is $870,050,000 on the American Treas- ury” debt. There are no arrears of in- terest on the debt for post-armistice supplies. Interest at 6 Per Cent. It is apparent that in arriving at a settlement the British have charged the French for arrearage interest at the rate of 6 per cent, compounded annually. In settling the debt owed this Government by the British gov- ernment arrearage was charged at only 41 per cent, simple interest, and in the Belgian seitlement the rate was made 3 per cent from the date of the British funding. The British, there- fore, have increased the principal sum of the French debt by about 40 per cent through interest charges, and the gesture of generosity is made by a process of later scaling down this in- crease. Besides, immediate settlement is required of the Bank of England advances and post-armistice loans for war supplies at current rates of bank- Ing interest. The settlement in London proposes that the French shall pay to the Brit- ish government £12,600,000, or $60,- 750,000, per annum for a period of 62 years upon that part of their debt to the British treasury resulting from direct war loans. This sum is in ad- dition to the amounts to be paid to the Bank of England. If we were to ap- ply the same ratio to our debt to Jrance it would imply the payment of about $94,200,000 a year for a period of 62 vears. But some part of our advances to France were for identical purposes as those from the Bank of England, and if these were separated and the British plan applied it would increase payments to the United States above this amount. Likewise, if we treated the war supplies in the same fashion as they are treated in the “{(Continued on Page 2, Column 1) The debt for | Entered_«s second class matter Washington. D. C BY the Associated Press. BOISE, Idaho, August 28.—France’s debt to the United States should be adjusted without the assistance of England, Senator Borah, chairman of the foreign relations committee of the Senate, said yesterday in discuss- ing negotlations now occurring be- tween France and England. Senator Borah's statement follows: “As 1 view it, France's debt to the { United States is a_matter to be ad- justed France and United t Tt is neither exped ent n e for the United States | become involved in any three-corner conference. The terms su ch the | BORAH RAPS BRITISH INTEREST IN U. S. AND FRENCH DEBT TERMS Settlement Should Be Made Directly Between Two Countries Without England’s Assistance or Three- Cornered Conference, He Declares, the United ™ States through the courtesy of England may be satis- factory to England, but I do not think that they will be satisfactory to the taxpayer of the United States. “I trust England will feel perfect- ly free to make any settlements she wants to, and I expect the United States to adjust this debt in ac- cordance with the understanding had | between the French government and | the United States in the beginning | and in accordance with the facts and conditions as they exist mow. The | maneuver which is beinz made in this matter in London is perfectly | transparent and need not mislead an; one. PRE-WAR HISTORY OUSTED BY BOARD New Geographies Also Or- dered for D. C. Schools. $89,000 Contract Let. Many of the obsolete geographies and histories In use in_the public grade schools will be replaced with up-to-date editions during the com- ing school year as a result of the let- ting of contracts by the Commis- sloners today for the purchase of $89,000 worth of text books. R. L. Haycock, assistant superin- tendent of schools, said today that this is one of the largest expendi- tures ever made at one time for new books and was made possible be- | cause Congress this year increased the fund for books. Some progress already has been made in getting rid of geographies and histories that became obsolete due to changes in the map of the | world following the World War, but Mr. Haycock said that up to this time limited appropriations have necessi- | tated retaining many such books. The situatior with regard to his- tories, Mr. Haycock said, has not been as bad as in the case of geogra- phies. The contracts awarded today also will serve to retire a large num- ber of wornout books. e LOAN OF $10,000,000 SECURED BY POLAND Credit Received From New York Federal Reserve Bank to Stabilize Zloty. By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, August 28.—The Bank of Poland, which is the central bank of issue of that country, has received a credit of $10,000,000 from the New York Federal Reserve Bank to be used for the purpose of stabilizing the Polish zloty, which recently has been |subject to considerable fluctuations on the exchange markets. The credit is for one year, and 4% per cent interest is to be charged on the actual amount of the credit used. The negotiations for the Bank of Poland were conducted in New York by Felix M. Mlynarski, vice chairman of the bank, with the assistance of the Polish charge d'affaires, Hipolit Gliwic; for the Federal Reserve Bank by J. Herbert Case and Edwin R. Kensel, deputy governor. {GEORGE V. FEARED BRYAN WOULD BE AMBASSADOR Sir Almeric Fitzroy’s Memoirs Reveal King’s Aversion to Commoner as U. S. Envoy. By the Associated Press. LONDON, August 28.—A statement that King George was much disturbed in 1912 by the fear that William Jen- nings Bryan would be sent as Amba: sador to England by President Wil- son is contained in the memoirs just published of Sir Almeric William Fitz- roy, who retired in 1923, after serving for' 25 years as clerk in the privy council. Sir Almeric, writing under a 1912 date, in regard to a meeting of the privy council, says: “Morley (the late Viscount Mor- ley, then lord president of the coun- cil) found the king very much dis- turbed lest the new President of the United States should send Mr. Bryan as ambassador to this court, and it was agreed that Bryce (the late Vis- count Bryce, then Ambassador to Washington) should unofficially drop the hint that such an appointment would be upacceptable.” Toledo Fire Loss, $125,000. TOLEDO, Ohlo, Augst 28 (P).— Eighty suests fled to_the street in sleeping attire when fire swept the Toledo Hotel in the downtown district here early today. A lunch room in the same building was destroved and for a time the Toledo Blade bullding was threatened. Damage is estimated at $125,000. FLYER-BOOTLEGGER AND GUNNAN SLAIN Bodies of Two Men Found on Flying Field Point to New Rum War. By the Associated Pre CHICAGO, August 28.—Irving Schlig, suspected .as the mysterious airplane bootlegger plying between Canada and Chicago, and Harry Ber- man, identified by the police as a gunman and robber, were found shot to death near the Ashburne aviaticn fleld in Southwest Chicago early to- ay. Schlig’s automobile had been found previously in a West Side park lagoon. It was blood stained and bullet riddled and apparently had been driven at full speed into the! water in an effort to hide it. Schliz, held responsible for some | of Chicago's most spectacular and daring hold-ups and robberies, is be- lieved to have been slain by rival bootleggers. Schlig’s reported aerial trips are supposed to have had a Canadian des- tination. Victims Bullet-riddled. Both victims had been riddled with bullets. Each had been shot through | the back of the head and bore other wounds. One body answered the general de- scription of the man Schlig. who some time ago was seized in Chicago after an airplane load of liquor had been found near Kalamazoo, Mich. Schlieg got out on bond and disap- peared. The plane, sald to have car- ried a $10,000 cargo of contraband, was held while authorities made a search for Schlieg. In a suit case found near the bodies was an aviator's helmet, goggles and leather jerkin. This outfit and the general description of the Schlig in the police department files led the po-| lice to feel positive that Schlig was one of the victims and that the bodies probably had been thrown from an au- tomobile. A belt buckle bearing the initial “S” was found on the body supposed to be that of Schlleg. Bloody Car Found. Beside the other victtm was found a revolver, loaded except for one empty chamber. Schlig prior to the landing of his plane in Michigan when forced down had been engaged in aerial rum run- ning between Detroit and Chicago, po- lice declared. The bullet-riddled and blood-spat- tered automobile owned by Irving Schlieg was found in a lagoon in Douglas Park. Police believed that the double kill- ing occurred in the car and the slay- arx;dhauled the bodies to the flying eld. MOTOR TITLE LAW URGED BY ELDRIDGE Ease With Which Stolen Autos Are Disposed of Here Is Given as Director’s Reason. A law requiring automobiles in the District to have certificates of title will be the principal recommendation in the first annual report of Traffic Director Eldridge, which will be sub- mitted to the Commissioners in a few days. The Commissioners themselves have considered asking Congress for such a law since Maryland entered into a reciprocity agreement with the Dis- trict on tags. It was the understand- ing at that time that the local authori- ties would seek a title law. These cer- tificates of title would hely police to trace the history of a car and would be much’ more of a safeguard than the registration cards now it use. Maryland, Virginia and Pennsyl- vania require titles to automobiles, and the lack of such a law makes this city an easy place to dispose of stolen vehicles, traffic officials point out. It is likely the traffic director also will suggest in his report that the new trafic act be amended in such a way that the annual renewal of all oper- ators’ permits may be handled gradu- ally throughout the year instead of having to reissue all of them at one time. As the law now reads, all per- mits expire March 31, 1926. By the Associated Press. KANSAS CITY, Mo., August 28.— Seven aged men are meeting in reunion here today. They are the remnant of a once notorious band of Civil War bushwhackers—Quan- trill_Guerillas. Annually for many years the sur- vivors of the followers of that free lance Southern sympathizer have met and talked over the days when they rode with Frank and Jesse James, Cole and Jim Younger and other noted maurauders -of. the border States. Today only seven are left. In the 60's Warren C. Quantrill and his band of 300 struck at | Last Seven of Quantrill Guerillas Living Again Days With Jesse James Northern forces at every favorable opportunity, ralded and pillaged communities of known Northern sympathizers, although he and his force were never officlally credited with the Confederate military. His most_noted exploit was the raid_upon Lawrence, Kans., Aug- ust 21, 1863. For many years before his death a few years ago, Frank James, noted outlaw and brother of Jesse James, early-day bandit, was an annual visitor with his comrades at the reunions. Radio Programs—Page 12. ¢ Foeni WITH BUHDA'Y MORNING EDITION g WASHINGTON, D. C., FRIDAY, AUGUST 28, 1925—TWENTY-FOUR PAGES. NOT To | BE KISSIN THE BABIES Star. EVILS OF BELT LINE (HTED BY OFFICIALS Montgomery County Commis- sioners Appeal for Death- Blow to Plan. Special Dispatch to The Star ROCKVILLE, Md. August 28.— The county commissioners for this county have joined in the fight against the establishment of a belt line freight railroad to encircle the District of Columbia and have addressed to the Public Service Commission of Mary- land a communication in which they register emphatic disapproval and give some very pointed reasons there- for. The communication is signed by Commissioner Lacy Shaw, who is acting president of the board during the absence in Europe of the presi- dent, Dr. Benjamin C. Perry, and is as follows: “As the administrative and execu- tive board of Montgomery County we feel that we are called upon to urge your commission to deny the priv- ileges and rights requested by the Loughborough Belt Line and Ter- minal Co. as stated in the petition pending before your commission in case No. 2384. “The promoters of the belt line scheme are quoted in the press as ex- pecting to encircle the District of Co- lumbia with & belt line freight railroad and wdjacent freight terminals and factory sites at a distance of approxi- mately 1 mile from the District line in Montgomery and Prince Georges counties. The petition now pending before your commission would allow this or any other location that the belt line company might be able to condemn. The location of such a belt line would be one of the greatest set- backs that could overtake the people, | the property values and the future of Montgomery County. Citizens in Protest. “A number of the towns of this county located near Washington have already petitioned your commission through their elected town govern- ments to deny charter rights to the belt line; a number of citizens' as- sociations and individuals have also petitioned your commission to refuse this charter; we are also reliably in- formed that a similar petition can be expected from each town govern- ment or citizens' assoclation in the area affected. “We desire to call the attention of your commission to the fact that the edge of Montgomery County adjacent to the District of Columbia extend ing northwest from Takoma Park through Silver Spring and Woodside to Kensington north of the apex of the District and extending from the apex to the District southwest from Kensington through Chevy Chase, Be- thesda, Woodmont, Battery Park, Edgemore, Bradley Hills, Drum- mond, Somerset, Glen Echo and nu- merous other towns to the Potomac River, enjoys an average elevation of 300 feet above the center of Wash- ington, which is the highest elevation of any area adjacent to the District of Columbia. This territory has for the past 30 years been developing as a series of residential towns, villages and subdivisions containing in part the most expensive suburban homes built on any side of Washington City. During recent years this_ de- velopment has greatly increased in volume. “A greater part of the first mile (€ontinued on Page 2, Column 4.) FIVE SHOT AS DANCERS FLEE IN HAIL OF LEAD Two May Be Fatally Wounded. Man, Amuck, Drives Victims Into Woods. By the Associated Press. OKLAHOMA CITY, Okla., August 28 —Five persons were wounded, two perhaps fatally, when M. M. Boykin, 26, ran amuck here last night with a shotgun at a dance hall. ‘Witnesses said that Boykin appear- ed at a window of the hall and began firing. The first shot narrowly missed the baby of Jack Perkins, the proprie- tor. As the shooting began, more than a_score of dancers made hasty exits through doors and open win- dows. Boykin fired at the dancers as they fled, and then wandered about the neighborhood driving residents of that section, together with the dancers, into a nearby woods. He had a full box of buckshot shells, and continued firing until only three were left. Deputy sheriffs found Boykin lying in a cornfield near the dance hall. A visit to his home revealed more than 100 gallons of wine. He is being held pending recovery of the wounded. American Flyers Bomb Tribesmen In Moroccan War By the Associated Press QUEZZAN, French Morocco, Au- gust 28.—The entire group of American aviators here made their first fighting fiight over the enemy tribesmen’s camps today, dropping 240 kilograms of bombs and scor- ing many direct hits. The aviators also dropped food and ammunition to one Spanish and five French outposts surround- ed by the enemy. REBATES SOUGHT IN WALDOR FINES Baughman Says Sheriff Col- lects Excess Costs in “Speed-Trap” Cases. Special Dispatch to The Star. BALTIMORE, Md., August 28.— C. A. Baughman, commissioner of vehicles for Maryland, today moved to obtain reimbursement for victims of the Waldorf “speed trap.” Declaring that Sheriff Howard of Charles County was collecting $6 costs in each case, despite a ruling by At- torney General Thomas H. Robinson that $1.65 is the maximum costs col- lectible under the State law, Commis- sioner Baughman brought the issue to the attention of the attorney general in the hope of obtaining a refund of the difference—$4.35—to those Dis- trict motorists who have run afoul of the Waldorf authorities. Costs Are Defended. The sheriff is said to contend that a local law passed by the last as- sembly gives him the right to collect the $6, which is split evenly between the sheriff and the deputy making the arrest. The attorney general, Commissioner Baughman says, has the right to order the refund, i his ruling is in favor of the motorists. Baughman asserted that he is acting in the interest of preserving a spirit of cordiality between Maryland offi- cials and District motorists. The report of an auditor sent to in- vestigate the accounts of Justice of the Peace Thomas Wilkerson, before whom the motorists were convicted, shows that the justice assessed sheriff’s costs in each case, according to D. Marshall Schroeder, deputy com- missioner of vehicles, who has been in charge of the investigation. 38 Drivers Fined. The records show that 14 drivers were fined $56 by Justice Wilkerson last Saturday, and, in addition, justice's costs of $17.50 and sheriff’s costs of $84, were collected, Schroeder says. Twenty-four _convictions resulted Sunday out of 27 arrests, and fines of $153 were assessed. The sheriff’s costs for the day amounted to $139 and the Jjustice’s costs to $29.45, according to the report. Two Girls Die in Crash. SOUTH BEND, Ind., August 23 (®). Elsie Schroeder, 15, and her cousin, Elsie Norgarde, 12,’ both of Chicago, were Kkilled Instantly near Niles, Mich., last night when the auto- mobile in which they were riding was struck at a private crossing by an interurban car. 10 BATHE, ETS TWO YEARS at Swampscott Pleads Guilty to A. W. 0. L. and Insubordination. By the Associated Press. Private George E. Beam, a member of the marine guard at the Summer White House in Swampscott, has been | sentenced to two years in the naval prison at Portsmouth, N. H., and to| dishonorable discharge. He pleaded guilty to charges involving conduct to the prejudice of good order and dis- cipline, being absent without leave for 14 hours, slander, including remarks derogatory to the service, breaking arrest and refusing to bathe when under arrest. Beam's home is in Lebanon, Pa. The original offense, that of being absent without leave, was committed | in June. The prison sentence was fixed by a general court-martial at | three and a half years, but was re-| duced to two by Secretary Wilbur | upon recommendation of Maj. Gen, Lejeune, commandant of the Marine | Corpe. i Military prisoners are required for | considerations of health to bathe regularly and the charges declared the man had refused to wash in the most convenient place, the ocean, when ordered to do so by his superior officer. | Parties Are Denied. SWAMPSCOTT, Mass., August 28 UP).—Aboard the presidential yacht Mayflower today as prisoners were | Corp., Andrew Chanton of Cleveland and Pvt. Clarence Key of Texas, ma- rines, who are to be courtmartialed on charges that they slept while on guard duty at the Summer White House. Statements’ credited to some of their comrades that the prisoners had been kept awake to act as waiters at parties in the camp of the presi- dential guard here are denied by Lieut. Edgar Allen Poe, jr. “To my knowledge, no liquor has ever been brought into camp,” said Lieut. Poe.™ The only party held in camp, the lieutenant” added, was a month ago when 16 men and women were his dinner guests, primarily that they could see what camp life was like. Some of the marines volunteered to act as walters, he sald, and several were assigned to that duty. The last guest departed at 9:45 p.m., 15 min- utes before taps. Lieut. Poe said that on account of the inclement weather a canopy was set up from his tent to the mess hall, but he denied statements that pup tents had been used to screen the visitors from view. Capt. Adolphus Andrews, command- er of the Mayflower, who has juris- diction over the marine detachment, sald that too much was being ma of the affair and that it was like the ordinary run of infractions of dis- cipline. Deportation Practice Upehld. BUFFALO, N. Y., August 28 (). — The Federal ‘Government's practice of deporting aliens who have served terms in New York State reformatories was upheld in a decision handed down by Federal Judge Hazel today. The deeision denied the ~writ of ~habeas | corpus sought by Santino Morlacci and | ruled that he was being lawfully held by immigration officials for deporta- tion to Italy. Morlacci was sentenced | to Elmira Reformatory in January, 1924, for an indeterminate term for | shooting a man in the arm. i Trio Who Crossed Atantic on Vikings’ | Path in Tiny Yawl Will Try Return By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, August 28.—Not content with one perilous 73 days' voyage across the Atlantic. in a 45-foot yawl, three weather beaten, middle-aged Norwegian mériners are going to sail back home in September. 3 Following the path of Leif Eric- son and the Vikings, Skipper and Reas Grimsoe and his men, drifted into port yesterday in what looked like a nutshell in comparison with ocean liners that churned up the bay. The yawl Faehtanneta has just a 15-foot beam and a 12-ton dis- placement. She set out June 15 from Droennoey, Norway, and was lost to the world for 73 days, cov- ering 3,560 miles. “The weather was rough at times,” the skipper said. ‘‘Squalls, _hailstorms and gales kept up for a month, But we had plenty of | hardtack and provisions aboard. Theré was plenty of opportunity : of replenishing water casks by catching rain water in a spare sail. The quadrant we. used for making ebl;erlelom is more than 100 years a Ulirk Wickstram, coastal pilot, and Johan Gresgend, sallor and cook, were the others aboard. They brought a message to Norwegian- Americans from Enar O'Laussen, mayor of Droennoey. ‘When it was remarked that the cabin of the yawl with its three bunks was not large enough to swing a cat, Capt. Grimsoe reflected that as they didn’t carry a cat the size of the cabin didn't matter much. ‘Three other men, Arthur S. Willlam W. Hildebrand, author; | Nutting and John Twodahl, set ou to follow the Viking passage last year and are believed to have per- ished. : ot | ning. The * UP) Means Associated Star’s carrier every city block and the reguiar edi- tion is delivered to Washington homes as fast as the papers are printed. “From Press to Home Within the Hou:" system covers Yesterday’s Circulation, 92,253 Press. TWO CENTS. Britain to Resume Mexican Relations At an Early Date| By the Associsted Press | LONDON, August 28 —Negotia- tions are under way for a resump- tion of relations between Great Britain and Mexico, it is learned from an authoritative source. It is expected that a British charge d'affaires will be appointed at Mexico City in the near future, and also a_claims commission to look after British interests. AUTOKILLERS MAY FACE EXECUTION | Justice McCoy’s Ruling Per-| mits First-Degree Mur- | der Charge. [ The electric chalr may await death | car drivers in Washington in the fu- ture as a result of Chief Justice Mc- | Coy's decision late yesterday uphold- | ing the indictments of Clifton Young | and Estelle Robinson, colored, on | every count of second-degree murder | for running into and killing Sister | Cephas of Providence Hospital, last month. | In overruling the demurrer and mo- tion to quash in the case of the two | negroes on the ground that they | could not be indicted for second-de- | gree murder because their automo. bile unintentionally killed the nun Chief Justice McCoy set a precedent | here that makes it possible for the | District attorney to prosecute death car drivers not only for second-degree murder but for first-degree murder as | well. | “Murder is murder, whether it is| done by a pistol. a knife or an auto- | mobile,” declared Assistant District Attorney James J. O'Leary, who de- fended ~ the District’s indictment | against the negroes. “And so far as | I have anything to do with it, drivers of automobiles who are guilty of mur- | der will be indicted and prosecuted | for murder, and not permitted to es-| cape with a light penalty. | Delighted With Decision. H “I am delighted with the decision | of Chiet Justice McCoy. It is a prece- | dent for sustaining in the National | Capitai indictments for murder in au- | tomobile cases. Other indictments | charging second-degree murder and even first-degree murder in proper | cases will follow. Murderers are now to be prosecuted for murder, and not permitted to plead guilty to man. slaughter. { “This decision means that in this| District we can now prosecute in au-| tomobile cases for both degrees of murder as well as manslaughter. may be true, as counsel for Robinson and Young said, that never before | were indictments returned for second | or first degree murder in automobile fatalitles. But it is equally true that | all good things must have a begin- | 1t is the glory of our common law that it is broad enough to reach all new cases. “Judges and lawyers who have not gone deeply into the matter have con- tended that there can be no murder in automobile cases in the absence of an express intent to kill. This is clearly incorrect. Malice aforethought which is the determining feature of murder, does not necessarily embrace an express intent to kill. i ““As the United States Supreme Court said in Aikens versus Wiscon sin: ‘A death is caused by malice| aforethought if, the circum It | | under stances known to the actor, the prob- ability of its ensuing from the act |y INE PROTECTION DURING STRIKE IS AGREED AT PARLEY Maintenance Crews to Be Retained to Prevent ‘Millions in Damage. WALKOUT ON TUESDAY AFFECTS 158,000 MEN Soft Coal Men Prepare to Seize Market Left Open—DMe- diator Sought. By the Associated Press PHILADELPHIA, August 28.—The anthracite operators and miners to day reached an agreement on the question of maintenance men for work in the mines during the sus pension set for September 1. The arrangement provided that “normal conditions that obtained during idle periods In the past shall be the basis for this agreement.” The agreement read as follows: “It is azreed between the repre senta es of the an ‘acite opera and the representatives of Districts 1, 7 and 9 of the United Mine Workers of America as follows “In the event of a suspension of mining in the anthracite region aftet August 31, 195, maintenance men necessary for the proper protection and preservation of property shall re- main at work, subject to the follow- ing_provistons: First. All maintenance men shall receive any adjustment of wages that may result from subsequent ,agree ment between the respective parties such adjustment, it any, shall be retro active to September 1, Men Shall Not Be Ousted. “Second. That maintenance men necessary for the proper protection and preservation of property shall be continued at their regular necessary continuous occupations, and if avail able, not be replaced by others during the continuance of this agreement “Third. Normal conditions that ob tained during idle periods in the past shall be the basis for this agreement “Fourth. Any differences arising in the mines under this agreement be tween committee and company officials as to the employment or non-employ ment of any maintenance men shail be referred for adjustment to the members of the board of conciliation for the distric Had an agreement not been reached |it was said, the mines would face a dilemma even more serious than the walkout itself. Where idleness would be only tem porary in its ill effects, flooding and cave-ins, which maintenance men are left in the mines to prevent, would be very serious. A week's neg! might easily cost the industry mi lions of dollars in damage, it was said W. W. Inglis, president of the Glen Alden Coal Co. of Scranton, today will submit the report to date to the operators' scale comgpittee, of which he is chatrman. Lewis Calls Strike. The suspension org@er involving 158.- 000 men and 828 mine: as issued last night by John L. Lewis, president of the United Mine Workers of America “Your scale committee’ read the -| call to the miners, “charged with the | responsibility qf making a new con- act, has beeN unable to arrive at done is great and manifest according | any understanding as affecting wages to common experience.’ Warns Other Drivers. “When a man drives an automobile | | along a public_thoroughfare either at excessive speed, or without watching | where he is going, or without sound. | ing a warning, or without attending | to the motive power, the brakes or | the steering mechanism, or while| drunk, it is common experience that death will likely result. Let not death | car drivers be deceived.” Assistant District Attorney O'Leary sald the case against Vernon S. Story and James O'Connor, both of whom are charged with first-degree murder | for causing the death of a person with | their automobile, has been set for trial | October 13. Young and Estelle Rob-| inson are to be tried for second-degree | murder on October 20, and Stuart S. Hayes for manslaughter October 27. Young and the Robinson woman were speeding through the streets of Southeast Washington at 60 miles an hour, trying to elude prohibition agents who were following in another car when the fatal accident to Sister | Cephas occurred. The nun was en route from Providence Hospital to ob- tain marketing for poor families when | the bootleggers’ car crashed into one occupied by Sister Cephas, nun and a chauffeur. Sister Cephas was instantly killed and both other occupants were in- jured, recovering within a few weeks. Before the negroes could escape the trailing revenue agents followed them up alleys and arrested them. On few weeks before Estelle Robinson's | husband, known as “king of negro | bootleggers,” was killed in a similar | chase. 500 TURKISH BRIGANDS Clash Is Reported From Angora. Invaders Come From South- ern Kurdistan. By the Associated Press. CONSTANTINOPLE, August 28.— A telegram from Angora, the new Turkish capital, reports that 500 brigands violated the Mosul line, com- ing from the direction of Rowanduz, but were repulsed. Mosul, a district in northern Mesopo- tamia, is held under mandate by Great Britain. The British and Turks have been in dispute over the boundary of the district, which is reputably rich in ofl. Rowanduz, mentioned in the Con- stantinople dispatch, is in southern Kurdistan, part of Turkey, and about 100 miles east of the walled town of Mosul, capital of the Mosul district. Planes Collide; Three Killed. LONDON, August 28 (#).—Three flying officers were killed and one in- jured today when two airplanes of {being in effect, a susper another | the Royal Air Forces collided in mid- alr and fell. | or " conditions of employment to be effective after August 31, 1925. There- fore, our membership in districts ) 7 and 9 is advised that no contra ion of i ing will automatically take pldce at midnight Monday.” Quick to take adyantage of the coming suspension of mining in the anthracite industry, bituminous oper- ators met here today to make plans for going into the hard coal market and furnishing soft coal wherever it can be sold. Both Sides Represented. The soft coal operators represented union and non-union mines in central and western Pennsylvania and the Somerset and Westmoreland County districts of the State. They have their eves on the New England trade, where a movement has been started to find a substitute for anthracite, and eliminate the per ! odical shortage of hard coal in that section, due to suspensions and other causes. The soft coal men said they are pre pared to send intoany territory in the emergency prepared sizes of their product, which they say is a good sub- stitute for anthracite. Meanwhile the miners’ scale commit tee which signed the call announced it would ‘“‘continue to use every in. fluence to bring about, if possible, a general agreement which will mean substantial progress for the anthracite mine workers.” Mr. Inglis, who is chairman of the operators’ scale committee, with which the miners broke off negotia- tions at Atlantic City, August 4, pro nounced the suspension call “entirely unnecessary.” The men would lose more than $1,000,000 a day in wages | he said, business conditions in the re- REPULSED AT MOSUL LINE| gion would be upset, and the hard coal market as a whole was sure to be still further invaded by fuel substitutes. Mr. Inglis expressed belief that failure to win the miners to a “no strike” pledge pending the threshing out of differences had been due to their pre-occupation with soft coal problems. Many bituminous coal ope- rators are now refusing to abide by the union contract signed in 1924, be cause they say the wage it fixed hasx become prohibitive. “The feeling is growing,” said Mr. Inglis, “that the union policy is dom!- nated by its greater concern in soft coal"affairs. That was admitted to be the case in 1922 and it looks as though it were true today.” Sees “Dark Age” Tactics. He called the union’s refusal to work without a contract satisfactory in all respects “a relic of the dark age of unionism.” Arbitration was the sole salvation in the present day and age, he said. President Lewis said the union had waited as long as it could in hope that the operators would modify their re fusal to deal with demands involving increased production cost. He said with_only a few days remaining in which to notify the 325 union locals in the ‘anthracite region_before Septem- (Continued on Page 2, Column %) : 3 2