Evening Star Newspaper, July 28, 1925, Page 6

6 'HE EVENING STAR ‘With Sullfay !\Vlornlngr' Edilion._ WASHINGTON, D. C TUESDAY.........July 28, 1925 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office 11th St and Pennsvivania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 3%nd St. Chicaxo 0 Tower Building European Office Rexent London. 16 The Evenine Star. with the Sunday morn- g edition. s delivered by carrigrs within the city 4t 60 centa per month: faily only. 45 cents per month: Sunday only. 20 cents per month Orders may b sent by mail or telephone Main 5000. Collrction is made by carrier at the end of each month, Rate by Mail—Payahle in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. 1y 340 13 Shon 138040 All Other States. 1000 700 35,00 Daily an Daily only Sunday Sunday oniy " Daily and Sunday Daily only Sunday only 1vr. 1vel 1v Member of the Assoclated The Assoc s« is exclusivels entitied to the s publication of all news dis patches cred it or not otherwise rred: fted in’ {hix paper and also the local news published hor All rizhts of pablieation of cs herein are also reserved A Remarkable Career. Tt is difficult tc just to the thought that William Jennings Bryan is dead. He was for thirty American public thought was at the zenith of the affairs in of the country were rst nearly years an ac- tive factc and r his rin ntly he participation pe! Not n which he was a candidate in 18 he in evidence than in which the concerned. campai; for the more conspicuously past participating even during the f n i presidency, 6, wa few weeks when he a pr Tennessee to determine the legality ht of a Sf a mode of education. When in 1 took the plat- »rm at Chicago to deliver his favoring the espousal by the Demo- par the doctrine of free coinage of silvep he was virtually un- known to the people of the country. Very few had heard of him. He had served t the of Repre: d had then unsuc- run Like of ot e had passed out of the political picture for a time. His Chicago speech, however, revealed him to the country orator of rare powers and won for him the nomina- tion for President. During that ca Bryan was an object of the interest to the people. Ie was young—just eligi ble in point of years for the highest office—good looking, eloquent, mag- netic and courageous. He conducted a personal campaign, speaking every- where, tirelessly, making the best pos- sible presentation of a poor cause That he had the Republican party leaders gravely concerned is a matter of record. It looked for a time as if e might sweep the country with his remarkable personalit Defeat did not check the ambitious young Nebraskan. He tried again, gained a second nomination, suffered another defeat and then, it appeared to most people, lapsed into retirement. But it was only a temporary eclipse. He “came back” with unprecedented vigor and undiminished prestige and sought and gained a third nomination, after a lapse of four years. Thus did Bryan become in the minds of the peo- ple @ perennial factor of politics. At Baltimore in 1912, when condi- tions assured Democratic success, Bryan, although not a candidate for the nomination, virtually dictated the selection when he abandoned the sup- port of Champ Clark and swung to Woodrow Wilson, thus giving the New Jersey governor the golden cl There was tragedy in this. Thrice Bryan had sought the presidency against a united Republican party— united save for the freesilver split of 1896, which had broken the ranks of the Democracy as well—and had lost. Now the Republicans were rent in a factional quarrel which made Democratic success certain, and the mmoner could not gain the leader- ship for himself. He did, however, gain it for Wilson, and in recognition of that service he was named Secre- ate, an office for which he possessed small qualification and in which he was not a success. Often since 1912 the question has been asked, “Can Bryan come back once more?” He scemed to be a peren- nial possibility. In 1916, however, there was no chance for another can- didacy than that of Wilson. In 1920 thre w: decided waning of the “Bryan sentiment,” and the Bryan in- fluence at San Francisco was weak. In 1924 it was sufficient only to dictate the vice presidential nomination of his brother, which proved to be a lamenta- ble blunder, though even had it not been made the result would have been the same. But during this period of waning political power and prominence Bryan continued to occupy public thoughts. He had turned his attention to moral and religious questions, and had made himself 2 protagonist of fundamental- ism with characteristic vigor and thoroughness. He had plainly put be- hind him all major political aspira- tions. He had changed his residence, and though he aspired to the Senate he was not seriously regarded as a factor in that field. The evolution issue was Bryan's op- portunity again to dominate the pub- lic thought and to fill the vision of the count Intensely serious and sincere in his convictions, he became the leading figure of the case. It was assured that he would continue, unless broken in health, to preach his doc- trine far and wide. He was preparing for another of his far-flung crusades of agitation and discussion when death came, swiftly, unheralded. So the great figure passes, and the people of America, mourning him as a man of the highest integrity, must come to regard him as a memory, and no longer as an intimate, powerful factor in the current of affairs and thought. - during these was in cedure in of the ri ate to dictate or pro- scribe 5 Bryan peech eratic of 15 in House entatives cesstull for the Senate hundrec ers, as an mpaign keenest nce. a !lnl!nd!ng lights at a high rate of speed { and gave no passage room on the side. The driver sped on after brushing the | wrecked car into the ditch, leaving only a crushed hub cap as a possible means of identification. The drivet of that car had no right Under a properly rigid system of examinations he might have | been eliminated from the road. He | might have been barred from the high ways by failing to meet the tests which alone can determine the fitness of persons to operate motor car: Of course, there is s the pos- sibility that under whatever of & tests unfit persons will get drivers’ cards. But or later these people break rules in ctr- that reveal their unfit- The licenses should then be can- jceled. Whenever a driver prove self to be indifferent to regulations and rules of safety and to the rights of others he should be deprived, cer tainly for a period, of the privilege of operating a car. No matter how caréful a driver may e, he and his passengers are at the merey of the the habitual rule breaker, the road hog, the bright- light burner. It should be the en- to a license. system licen: soone cumstances ness. speeder, menaces, and by the most drastic ac- tion that the law permits to keep them off the road. Furthermore, the laws should be so framed that no reck- less driver should continue to operate a car after an accident disclosing hig disqualification to imperil the lives of others. ——o—— - New York's Mayoralty Fight. As the Summer the New York mayoralty question becomes more acute and specific. It will soon time for the Democrats of the greater city to name a candidate, the Republicans quickly following suit. The situation must resolve itself within month. Now conferences are being held by Tammany lead- ers, and, most important, the Demo- cratic chiefs of the boroughs are to be in conclave on the ques- tion of whom to name for the munic- ipal standard bearer paign. Chief McCooey of Brooklyn continues occupy the of strategic advantage. He is ostensibly for Hyldn's renomination, but well understood that he will swing from the terms of his own are conceded. Meanwhile, Mayor Hylan is playing into the hands of his enemies within Tammany Hall. He misses no op- portunity to addre the public. F cently he has been going up and down the beaches and boardwalks at Coney Island and Rockaway, talk- ing to the populace whenever and wherever it gathers and proclaiming that the issue in this coming cam- paign in “the people versus dough.” Inasmuch Tammany is dead set against the renomination, this puts the Fourteenth street organization in the “dough” class and that is an unpleasant word, which is now re- sented. One of the mayor’'s campaigning de- vices is the establishment of a munic- ipal radio service, which though offi- cially declared to be free from par- tisanship’ and political matters, has proved to be peppered with Hylan- isms and admonitions to the people to beware the “interes: It is in fact a campaign agency maintained at the city’s expense. The latest development of this re- markable political situation the filing of forty-two libel suits against individuals and metropolitan news- papers by a bonding corporation which, in the course of the recent rapid transit inquiry, was accused of enjoying special privileges in rela- tion to the bonding of contractors for municipal works. These suits are for amounts aggregating over $10,000,000. They can hardly be tried in season to affect the campalgn of the mayor for the nomination or for the office in case he should be nominated regular- ly or as an independent candidate. They are plainly filed for political effect, though some believe that they are designed to stop further pro- cedure which might have an embar- rassing consequence in revealing cer- tain intimate personal relations be- tween the mayor and members of the bonding firm, % waxes be a five in this cam- to position it is a is N Psychoanalysis has provided many interesting tests of intellectuality. For practical purposes the ability to re- spond promptly to the words “stop” and “go” remains the most important to motorists. ———— In view of the controversies a drug store may develop, each soda fountain should be equipped, in addition to its list of drinks, with a large “Silence” sign. N News of a coal strike is circulated nearly every year. The general regret is that it can never be classified as idle Summer fiction. Lo A man who says he is an atheist is usually, first of all, an egoist. ———— The Parachute. The parachute has won recognition as an airplane accessory. Instruction in parachute jumping is given at the Air Service Technical School and fifty- three parachute jumps have been made this year from heights of 2,000 to 7,500 feet. It is said that the parachute has shown such value that most avia- tors take one on the trip and familiar- ly call it an umbrella. Laymen or groundlings feel satisfaction that the parachute has proved to be a usefui thing, but it is believed that there will be only a limited public demand for it. Plain people are not crowding the shops and surging up to the para- chute counter. Jumping into air a mile and a half from earth and com- ing down in company with a para- chute is, no doubt, splendid exercise and is attended with more thrilling emotions than playing base ball, golf or bridge, but most persons will, per- haps, wish to stay in the airplane un- The Deadly Road Hog. An unidentified “road hog” is blamed for a collision on a Maryland road the other night which caused the death of a young Washington woman and the serious injury of the driver of the car in which she was a passenger. The colliding cap was being: drivem. with, til it lands. They feel that this action is more decorous even though it is less attractive to lookers-on or lookers-up. Very many persons have an indisposi- tion to jump from a consl;lernblc height. A man will jump from a six- story window when emergency de- mands- it, and @ dozen, -firemen, are .and busses, | be | 1ection. R pelg o i self creditabl, deavor of traffic forces to catch these | | gardeq him s mayor as soon as certain | i1t will be advantageous if debates in- ready to catch him in a net, but jump- ing 7,000 feet with only a parachute to hold to makes no stirring popular ap- peal. As aviation becomes a habit and men use alrplanes instead of tram cars they may get used to jumping 7,000 feet and in time come to enjoy the sport. v Bryan's Last Resting Place. When at first it was announced that William Jennings Bryan would buried at Arlington the thought caused a questioning reaction in the public mind, for Arlington has been established as the last resting place of the military and naval heroes of this country. But later reflection re- veals the appropriateness of the se- Mr. Bryan was a ‘“veteran” | the Spanish-American War. He commission as colonel of the 3d Nebraska Volunteer Infantry. He | did not reach the front. The war was over before his command could be brought into action. But he was ready for duty, and had he gained the ground of the campaign he would undoubtedly have borne him of actual In another connection, however, there is propriety in the entombment of the “Commoner” at Arlington. He was Secretary of State, and although the national cemetery is not dedi- cated to those merely in high civil position, that office, virtuaily the sec- ond in the American administration, warrants the choice of this ground. Mr. Bryan's career practically cen- tered at Washington. Though he was officially a resident of this city only during the four years of his congre: sional term and the two years of his secretaryship, it was the of many of his most important en- deavors. He was a frequent visitor. He was practically a resident of the Capital during most of the 35 years of his active political career. So on Friday he will be interred in the bosom of the hills overlooking Washington, and his tomb will be a shrine for those who held him in un- waveringly high esteem and who re- s one of the important and vital forces for the moral better ment of America. - have more automobiles the people of any other country. and, should she corner the rubber market, will be at a peculiar advan- tage. The United States motorist is devoted to his flivver, and could never be persuaded to join in a boy- cott. scene Americans tha Time ameliorates asperities. Nobody speaks seriously any more of “hang- ing the ex-Kaiser.” On the contrary, it seems possible that before long his press agents will have all the bands in Germany ready to salute him with “For He Is a Jolly Good Fellow.” chool books of the future may be required to make some passing refer- ence to the Bryan-Darrow controversy as one of the influences on clivilization. stead of wars can decide the course of human progress r———— Every other yvear brings a coal con- troversy which stimulates the wish that scientists would make haste in finding some direct method of storing and utilizing the heat of the sun. e “No bathing beaches for Washing- ton, D. C.," is a slogan that Congress will find resented even by the under- takers, who are in a position to derive profit from the present situation. & A S The Vice President of the U. S. A. may have a quiet life, but the pre- siding officer of the Senate can, if he chooses, treat himself to a few thrills. ———— A moonshine still exploded in Mary- land. It may prove possible to reach illicit rum sellers under the statutes forbidding concealed weapons. " —— Effort is being made to convince Old John Barleycorn that however rich he may become he will never be considered respectable. ——— A pillar of cloud led the children of Israel by day. The smoke screen has been sadly perverted in modern use, ————— Disputation has never been able to define the boundary where politics ceases and religion begins. o SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, Disagreements. If you and I cannot agree, There is no cause to fret. Life's worth lies in the thought that's free From hatred or regret. So, when our difference is strong, ‘We'll try, before we fight, To learn which one of us is wrong And which of us is right. Distinet. “Do you think politics ought to in- terfere with religion?” “No,” said Senator Sorghum. “They are distinct. A prayer is one thing and a political oration is another.” No Competition Recognized. The katydid is turning loose “Six weeks till frost!"” But this, alack, doth not reduce Of ice the cost. Jud Tunkins says every man is en- titled to his own opinion, but he may as well admit that it's going to have no influence on the way his wife dresses. Unacquaintance. “Who is the girl in the one-piece bathing suit?” “I haven't the faintest idea.” “But she is waving her hand at you.” “That's what embarrasses me. afraid praybe she’s my wife.” Non-Participant in Profits. The farmer finds from year to year His trouble never stops. ‘When wheat and corn and hay grow dear, g It’s 'cause he has no crops. “De world is gettin’ better,” said Uncle Eben,*but terrible talkative,* I'm THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. ‘Why is it, when a friend confides in us, we have an almost lrresistible im- pulse to confide in him? ‘When some one loosens up with bit of gossip, invariably we like to re- taliate in kind. For his morsel we trade a few morsels of our own. Many a man has regretted, too, this human propensity to be confidential with another just because the other has first been confidential with him. The trait is as old as humanity It gives one pause to know Epictetus, Roman philosopher, dis- cussed this matter at length in his “Discourses,” the particular section being entitled, ““To Those Who Readily Tell Their Own Affairs. Imagine Epictetus, lame, old, sit- ting in the shade of a Roman porc or portico, surrounded by his pupils, all in white robes. This took place 2,000 vears ago. He begins: Vhen a man has seemed to us to have talked with simplicity about his own affairs, how is it that at last we are ourselve also induced cover to him our own ets, think this to be candid behas 0 pupil replied, but all waited for the master to continue. Epictetus looked to the arena, showing large in the distance. “In the first place,” he continued, “because it seems unfair for a man to have listened to the affairs of his neighbor and not to communicate to him also in curn our own affairs. “Next, because we think that we shall not present to them the app ance of candid men when we are silent about our own affairs, “Indeed, men are often accust to say, ‘I have told you all my a will you tell me nothing of own? that to nd we vior? * %k ok ox A chariot rumbled by. Epictetus waited for the clatter of hoofs and roll of wheels to die out, then began | again “Besides, we have also the opinion that we can safely trust him who has already told us his own affairs; for the notion rises in our mind that this man could never divulge our affairs be- cause he would be cautious that we also should not divulge his! 0 this the incautious are caught b Idiers. A soldier sits by you in common dress and begins to speak ill of Caess “Then you, as if you had received a pledge of his fidelity by his having begun to abuse, utter urse S0 what you think—and are carried off in_chains. “Something of this kind happens to Iso generally. s this man has confidently in- trusted his affairs to me, shall I also do so to any man whom I meet? “When I have heard, I keep silence but when he goes forth, he tells all men what he has heard. “Then, if I hear what has been done, I resolve to be revenged, I divulge what he has told me. I both disturb others and am disturbed my- elf. “But, if T remember that one man does not injure another and t every man’s own acts injure profit him, I do not act as he do or, if 1 do, I suffer what I do suffer through my own silly talk.” At this Jjuncture, one Titus lius popped up with a remark. “True,” he said, bobbing his thin face apologetically, “‘but it is unfair when you have heard the of your neighbor for you in your turn to communicate nothing to him )id I ask you fol " snapped back us Men. secret dis- | ing to his subject, while Titus shrank into his toga. “Did you communicate your affairs on certain terms, that you should in return hear min€é? “If you are a babbler and think that all who meet you are friends, do you wish me also to be like you? “It is just the same as if I had a cask which is watertight and you one with a hole in it, and you should come and deposit with me your wine that 1 might put it into my cask and then should complain that I also did not intrust my wine to you, for you have a cask with a hole in it “How is there any equality here?” “You intrusted your affairs to a man who is faithful and modest, to a man who thinks that his own acts alone are injurious or useful, and that nothing external is. 2 “Would you have me intrust mine to you, a man who has dishonos his own faculty of will, and who wishes o gain some small bit of money or some office or promotion in the court? “Where is this equality? “But show vyourself to me to be faithful, modest and steady; show me that you have friendly opinions; show ne that your cask has no hole in it; and you will see how I shall not wait for you to trust me with your own affairs, but 1 myseif shall come to you ind_ask you to hear mine! “For who does not choose to make use of a good vessel?” asked the teacher, more mildly. “Who does not wlue 4 benevolent and faithful ad viser : “Who will not willingly receive man who is ready to bear a AS We may , of the difficulty | circumstances, ‘and by this to ease the burden, by taking a part of it. * x Ther was silenc marble porch for mplicious spoke up. Tell us some wise things at ran- dom, O Epictetus,” he said. pictetus, although a philosopher, sed with this craving for e from his lips. He an- * * on the mottled time; then one knowled swered 'Seek not that the things which happen should happen as you wish, but wish the things which happen to be as they are, and you will have a tranquil flow of life. Epictetus paused went on “Never say about anything, ‘I hav lost it,’ but say, ‘I have restored it." “Is your child dead it has been restored. Is your wif lead? “She has b estored Has your estate been taken away m you? “It has been restored “But he who has taken it from me is a bad man,” protested Titus Men- lius, | “What is that to you, from wh |hand the Giver demands it bac! { barked Epictetus. | “So long as he may allow you, take care of it thing which belongs | to another, as travelers do with their | inn | A vaked from a pil shrank back it an ill omen | “When a raven has crc 1 inauspi ciously cried Ep t not the | appearance hurr away with it, | but straightway make a distinction in | your mind, and “None of { things it signified to me, but to m poor body, or to my small propert reputation.’ a moment, then aven ¢ T; some lor to m | “To me all significations are auspi cious if | And remember—you can be in ible, if you enter into no contest which it is not in I choose inc- in your power to Germany Diplomatic But Firm On Three Issues in Pact Note BY FRANK H. SIMOND:! AREFULLY studied, the Ger. man note on the security pact shows itself to be strategical rather than illuminating. The single salient ct 1s that the German foreign minister, after a tre- mendous fight at home, has been able to get his government to agree with him that the discussion of a_pact shall continue, but he is obliged to avoid in his reply to France any surrender of ground which might lead to disas ter on the home front. There never was a better example of the underlying weakness of the prin- ciple of “open covenants openly ar rived at” than the present. Chamber- lain, Briand and Stresemann all want some sort of agreement, and they rep resent the mass of their fellow coun- trymen. But all three are placed in delicate positions by the opposition of powerful elements in the public life and press of their nations a con- sequence they dare not give away any- thing until they get something in re- turn. Stresemann Counters. In effect Stresemann answers one set of questions by another, but, quite incidentally, but no less convincingly, inserts words which indicate that he is ready and even eager for a confer- ence. He stands his ground dn the essential points in the present view of Germany, but he manages to employ a tone which avoids offense and en- courages those who favor the pact in all countries. Nevertheless, if one scans the note carefully, it is clear that the German foreign minister has raised issues which will take some debating before they can be settled. These issues, too, are precisely those on which Germany not merely feels strongest, but is most likely to succeed in enlisting for- elgn,_ support, notably in Britain, against a certain French opposition. Germany raises three points of pri- mary importance, concerning the ex- isting treaties, the proposed arbitra- tion treaties and the entrance of Ger- many into the league as an essential detail of the whole scheme. As to the first point, Germany con-| cedes that there is now no question of the revision of existing treaties, of which that of Versailles is the most important. On the surface this meets the French demand, but at the same time Stresemann delicately insinuates that no treaty can be immortal and that the pact would produce a new situation. If Germany guarantees the security of France and Belgium, there can be no further need of the occu- pation of the Rhineland. Would Rush Evacuation. Here we touch the first form of com- pensation which Germany is going to demand for the surrender of her own claims to Alsace-Lorraine, which lies at the base of the whole pact proposal. Stresemann means to insist that once the pact is a fact, then the evacuation of the Coblenz and Mayence sectors, which would not be completed under the treaty until 1930 for the former and 1935 for the latter, shall be ma- terially hastened. The second point is equally plaus- ible. Germany has offered to make arbitration treaties with her eastern nelghbors which would operate to estop her from seekinz to change east- ern frontiers by violence. France has asked the right to be the guarantor of these treaties, which would entitle her to intervene if Germany violated the treaties. But since France is the ally of Poland and Cgzechoslovakia, she would be at one time the judge and the associate of those parties in interest. As a consequence, Germany insists that the decision as to_ violation be left to some impartial body. Germany | existing treaties in cases of alleged | German failure to perform under the | treaty be similarly blished by a | neutral tribunal Substitute for Treaty. Thus the guarantee pact is in r ity offered as substitute for certain portions of the treaty. Stresemann’s final point is what more obscure. The allies insisted that Germany’s entrance to the League of Nations should be a con- dition antecedent to all else. Germany rgued that she could only enter gue under certain conditions. Germany is not reluctant to enter the league because of the reasons which she advances; these are obviously too flimsy. The real reason is that she has made commitments in another di- rection. In 19 Rathenau suddenly some- have 2 at the Genoa conference and Freiherr von Malzan confronted allied leaders with the notorious Rapallo treaty made with the oviet government, consti- tuting an arrangement in some re- spects akin to an alliance. No one knows quite what the whole bargain was, but it Is generally suspected that there were military as well as politi- cal and commercizl circumstances. In any event it is clear that the German objection to entrance into the league unconditionally grows out of the R pallo arrangement. Insurance to Russia. In a war between Russia and her western neighbors, Poland and Ru- mania, for example, these states could only be supported by France to the extent of military reinforcements if the troops were sent by land, since the Danzig route would be exposed to maval attack and might easily be interrupted by raids, but if Germany could obtain the agreement of the league that in case of such confiict her territory could not be crogsed by allied troops, she would, in effect, insure Russia a free hand with only Poland or_Poland and Rumania to deal with, In return Germany, while remaining neutral, might easily receive the Po- lish Corridor and Upper Silesia from a. victorious Russia, which would not be interested in either. Moreover, since Germany is only committed not to re- cover her lost eastern lands by her own force, she might accept them at Russlan hands without violation of her arbitration treaties. Of the three points raised by Ger- many neither the first nor the second is really formidable. The real objec- tions are going to be raised over the third point, for France will not and canriot agree to anything which re- duces her chance of _supporting Czechoslovakia and Poland in case of either a Bolo or German attack. Ger- many, on the other hand, with her treaty with the Bolos, is equally cer- tain to stand firm and she obviously relies upon British support. However, the main fact of the whole correspondence is that all three for- eign ministers not only want a confer- ence, but have staked their domestic political fortunes on it, therefore we are likely to have the conference, probably at Brussels next month and patently with the object of paving the way to German entrance into the League of Nations at the September meeting. Despite the plain difficulties, too, the prospects are far from unfa- vorable for a final agreement. (Copyright. 1925.) Real War for Scientists. From the New York Herald-Tribune. The United States Government has discovered a flealess dog. It now only these | | ANATOLE FRANCE Jean Jacques Brousson. Lippincott Co. You hesitate at the door, maybe turn back in natural diffdence. But Josephine, muttering “Nonsense, gives you a sharp little push, and M. Brousson assures you that it is all right, expected even. And so, S denly, you are inside the bedroom door to see an immortal get up of a morning. Within the huge four-poster bed lies a long stietch of a man swathed in a smother of woolens— robes, shawls, blankets. Around his head,” twisted turban fashion, is an Tndia silk handkerchief abloom in rainbow colors. A pair of bright eyes peer out. It looks for all the world like Granny in wolf make-up waiting. to seize upon little Red Riding Hood. Instead, if you please, this bundle is Anatole France, mighty man of let- ters, about to be launched upon an- other day through the brusque effi- ciency of Josephine and the waiting attendance of his secretary, M. Brous- The one, scolding and cajoling, conducts the famous one from bed to bath and then into his clothes with a great to do over the right shirt and the proper socks and the fitting tie, all the time pushing and pulling this refractory child, who hates clothes as all natural boys do. M. Brousson’s part in the daily comedy is to do his best at keeping up with the torrent of words—order suggestions, soliloquies, orations that sets in the instant that sleep takes definite leave of the man. Here somebody else slips into the room and then another and others. Getting up in the morning is clearly a public function with Anatole France, it was with the great Louis, re minding you that the French people more than most, have so keen a sense of mal drama that their least become impressive attitudes, | while their more serious behaviors take on the character of elaborate open entertainments ke HIMSELF. LB son. also * Throughout association the long and intimate with France that Brous. <on here permits you to share with him you miss now and then the total lack of privacy that exists. The na ture of F nce, like that of many another great man, required a per- petual audience. This he insisted upon, impressing to such service Madame and Brousson and Josephine even when the usual coterie of fol. lowers failed to appear. Even m,~i house, Villa Said, was a museum filled with rare and beautiful things, evi dence of their owner’'s sense af art long other lines than that of the art | of words A part, also, this hil tion house, Villa ‘Said, of France's leaning toward the limelight of gen- ral admiration and approval. A per- fectly instinctive human trait, this whose complete absence in the man, coupled with the possible absence o M. Brousson, would have been an ir as, once inside th sver in no time at al ok ok % Anatole minute ff his f papers about the whirlwind behev t ne: strutting things in big here aving spoiled child, skull cap, throwing riven by his sudden angers minute like a claiming great But all the other minutes he world man ranging throug hi: nd art and matters of the p an honesty of mood an insight that end in disillus evitably the ultimate state of people who think, though not of those who nerely think they think. Along with the basic disfilusian of Anatole France is a deep sense of the pity of it all. These two, him, ake up the sum of life. These are the ma- terial of his art Sometimes he falls upon this material, upon this life sub- stance, in a fury of denounciation, in lightning ashes of scathing reve- lation, in the bitter laughter of de- . And sometimes he fashions | btly in a story and fable and double-dealing satire. Now and then, when he is at home with his smaller audience, as he so often is in this book, he just kicks life all over the place. He bloodies its nose and black: ens its eyes and kicks its nches its ribs—a gorgeous time with life he has in these moments. And you couldn’t have been there but for M. Brousson. And these demonstrations, no matter what the mood behind them vield invariably crystal blocks of, say. criticism on letters, music, painting, the stage, political questions. Or they vield equally clear summaries of his- to centered upon this dominant fig- ure or that one—summarize homing straight to the fact that world over- turnings have more than once been sourced ‘in the defective character of a single human. And now these | moods play around our little isms, and | our small moralities, and our abysmal ignorances. A real adventure awaits you in this hook, and a high experience. Straight thanks go to M. Brousson for this opened bedroom door and other | thanks go to John Pollock, who put M. Brousson bodily into English here for this our intimate excursion into the soul country of Anatole France. Wi % J. M. BARRIE. Patrick Braybrooke. J. B. Lippincott Co. A book of criticism is not often cal- culated for general appeal. Its ob- ject 6, as a rule, quite otherwise. Pat- rick Braybrocke's study of James Bar- rie, which he calls “A Study in Fairies and Mortals,” is an exception to this rule. Almost any one, taking up this little study, will hold to it through- out without pause. In the first place, this anybody meets here the best-be- loved of play writers. And he meets, besides, a critic who talks to him in a genial companionable way, one who uses the plain currency of common speech, and has not about him a sin- gle one of the repelling airs of the professional. In a word, this is de- lightful reading on a theme of wide- spread interest. Lverybody knows all of the Barrie plays, or the most of them, having seen them over and over again. And here Patrick Bray- brooke brings up these plays again, one by one. He sketches the story of each, merely sketches it, but in that outline he combines not only the play before which one has thrilled so keenly, but he adds a touch here and there to show, in the simplest possible way, just what Barrie had in mind as the thing he wanted to do when he comstructed that particular play. And the reader begins to feel like a discoverer, rather than like a mere onlooker at some charming story set to stage and actors. He finds that each play has a big meaning under its bright and graceful action—even Peter Pan and the other fairy plays have each its big meaning. And hav- ing gone over them all in a way that of itself is like a story, Mr. Braybrooke takes us apart with him to look at this beloved artist through the glass that these plays set before us. What kind of an author is he? What kind of man? Is Peter Pan just a make- believe, a fairy boy, or is not every- body a Peter Pan in streaks and spots? And why does he write fairy plays for grown folks? Just be- cause he sees that everybody is two bodies—rather one body and one soul—and his plays are addressed to the soul of man. Not to his soul in the religious sense exactly, but to the soul that dreams and builds “more stately mansions,” to the soul that stirs_everybody to lovely acts and beautiful visions. And Jater the author leads us to speculate on how long James Barrie will last as a joy to ppily be is one tearing Fra tones. the | v on—in- { the President for ‘appr ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Q. Of the various nuts now produced in the United States, how many are native?—B. E. C. A. The native nuts include pecans, walnuts, chestnuts, hickory nuts, beechnuts and pine nuts. Q. Is there a place on the ocean where it rains constantly ?— . A. There is a tract of considerable extent between latitude 4° and 10° N. and longitude 18° and 23° W. that is know t§ sailors as the rainy sea. It is visited by almost constant storms accompanied by lightning and thunder with violent falls of rain. Q. How many nd busses are there in the United States 1. A. Not all the S register taxis busses and cars for hire separately. In those that do the number of such vehicles registered at the close of the vear 1923 was 8, New York led with 37,686 394. Q. Where did Victor Herbert receive his musical education’—C. H. H. A. An Irish lad, living in England, he was sent to Germany for his mu sical education. He studied zig, Munich, Berlin and ishing under Raff and came to the United remained here. Reinecke. He ates in 1836 and Q. Who was the wear a_glove’—W. W. T. A. Allison, the Cincinnati Red catcher of 1869, was the first to wear a glove on his left hand. Q. Who discovered Caverns of Virgini SV A. In 1789 two boys while chasing a rabbit up a hillside on the farm of Reuben Zirkle dislodged a rock and found an entrance to this remarkable cave. first catcher to the Endless Q. What fu names are reall prepared?—A. P. R. A. Under a varlety of trade names rabbit skins are largely used, the gen- term *“cony” being applied. White skins are known as_“French ermine.” Those clipped and dyed to imitate fu seal are called “near seal,” “sealine and “electric seal.” Skins clipped a dyed to imitate mole are “cony-mole." Natural gray skins, which in the hands of expert dvers have taken on black blotches are called “co leopard.” are called “kit cony. Others obtained from either the American or European stock are: Australian seal, Baltic black fox,” Baltic seal, beaverett bleurette, chinchillette, squirreline, etc. sold under trade rabbit fur specially s Q. Is it true that Horace Greeley went on Jefferson Davis' bail bond when the latter was released from Fort Monroe?—H. A. Upon being brought before the United States Circuit Court at Rich- mond, Va., May i3, 1867, Jefferson Davis was admitted to bail in the sum of $100,000, and Horace Greeley s one of his bondsmen. Q. Who was -0. L. M Elihu Burritt of New Britain, acquired a wide reputat - the appellation of “the learned blacksmith.” He was a noted linguist the learned black- \d it was said of him that “probably | languages had been forgotten by him than most men undertake to learn. Q. How long have ice skates been used?—O. S A. They were known as long ago least as the tenth or eleventh cen- tury, when they were mentioned in Skins from young rabbits | |the Icelandic “Edda.”” Carvings of | older times show crude skates. Prob- ably the first objects used to assist men in propelling themselves over the ice were smooth animal bones tied to the foot coverings. Q. Does the Erie Canal handle much freight>—D. F. M A. The traffic on the last year amounted to 1,69 Erie Canal ,000 tons Q conside What kind of Sheflield plate most valuable?—H. F. EE flat-chased _ salvers and trays dating from 1815 to 1830 are probably the most prized, if they are in good condition Q. Was Paul Revere this patriot’s real name?—A. M. R. A. Paul was tha third child | Apollos Rivoire, who came to | from Germany. The family name was changed to Revere. Boston Q. How much do rehearsals of great orchestras cost?—F. M | " A." It has been estimated that they | cost $10 a minute. I Q | tropis 1 % Did al ¢ In California__ever have imate?—R. R. B. he Pleistocene period Cali | fornia was a tropical jungle roamed |by the largest land mammals. The | skeletons of at least 50 specles of | mammals and 50 of birds have been i(—\. humed near Los Angeles. | Q. How did Shakespeare spell |own name?—G. A. A. A. He lived in a time when spelling had not become uniform and is said to have spelled it in at least 30 dif- ferent ways. Dr. Johnson’s Dictionar published in 1 , marked the begi ning of the era of uniformity Q. | in voleanoy Have & evér been found —H, G. B A. After the 'eruption of Mount Katmai, Alaska, in 1912, glacier { which was blown in two by the force of the eruption formed a part of the er wall for several vears, the ir se heat being insufficient to melt | the palisade of ice. When was the two-thirds rule used?—G. M. A. It was unknown in the as | sembiies of Greece and Rome, and has place in the history of British Parliaments. It Is considered Ameri can in origi The Constitution of | the Tn 1 States provid for use lin ¢ ases. In the Democratic | party as adopted at its first na tional convention in 19 no “ (Uncle Sam constantly working 1 for you. He is solving your problems | of agricuiture, of industry and of com | merce. He fosters mew enterprises, | introduces mew crops and opens up {new lands and markets. He does | countless things to make better the products of the fields, the mines and the mills. He aids and encourages in vention and provides educational ad vantages of a thousand kinds. He im proves facilities of communication and | transportation and safeguards your |life and health. He the | specialist in any man’s lin |and he wants you to make use of ail | his resources of information and seru ice. If you desire help of any kind | from Uncle Sam let our Washingtc information bureaw get it for y There is no charge for service except 2 cents in stamps to cover the return postage. Address The Star Informo tion Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin rector, Twenty-first and C streets northwest.) h of work BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL ¥ Every few days the story is told by jischarged Government employ or other person who has even less Te: n for so thinking. that Presid Coolidge has ordered 30 or 50 empl dismissed from this or that depa ent, in the interest of economy. While “Coolidge economy” has become proverbial, it is nfl)A all serted that there no foundation whatever for the assumption that the President of the United States is in- clined to meddle with ¢ of bureau administration, and the public is as from the very heart of the service Commission, that no such order has been given. Not even any order in general ha been giv hat the number of em- ployes shall be reduced. The nearest to that is the general appeal of the resident to all department heads, and through them to all bureau chiefs, that unneeded help shall be curtailed in the interest of economy and effi- ciency. What is unnecessary help a question left entirely to the respec- tive heads of bureaus, except that »(hg- Bureau of the Budget has discretion- ary power to cut the appropriations of the respective départments once a r, when the budget comes before som mendation to Congress. Are facts be- ing gathered from day to day by the Bureau of the Budget? How else can efficiency be judged? * * * % In a large business establishment the owner or general manager does not tell his heads of departments that so many employes are unnecessary and must go. The chief holds each depart- ment head responsible for profits from his department. If the department head tolerates a large pay roll un- der his administration he must de- fend his policy through producing profits or a new head will supersede him. It is not possible so to measure re- sults in Government work, but, like the signal of the British admiral on the eve of battle: “The President ex- pects every man to do his duty.” Woe to the department which heeds not that order from the flagship. T 1t is believed in certain upper cir- cles of Government that there cannot be a great reduction of forces without loss of efficiency, for the assumption is held that everybody is working to his limit. “Except in such and such a depart- ment, where at 2 o'clock or 3 o'clock vesterday one counted 14 men stand- ing outside the entrance smoking cigarettes and lounging, while through the windows one noted a group of half a dozen young ladies in earne conversation, but not at their desk: retorts Mr. Critic or Mr. Taxpayer, and quotes the “Coolidge economy policy,” which demands_that all “un- necessary” employes be dispensed with as soon as possible. One proposal looking to efficlency and economy is that there might be a general reorganization of the Govern- ment departments, so that duplication of effort might be eliminated. That will necessitate congressional action, and it will be considered next Winter. The civil service officials do not believe that faithful, intelligent and active employes need have the slightest fear for their tenure in office. * K Kk Efficiency is the modern keyword in all work. It takes the place of the ancient, but not honorable, test of party loyalty. For instance: In 1857 there was to be appointed as transla- tor in the State Department a certain Count Gurowski, a linguist familiar ‘with most of the European languages. But it was held up because the ap- our interest and concern. A beau- tiful book of sound study, that is cal- culated to enlarge the understanding remains necessary to discover & mos-|us, when, perhaps, other men whom |of its readers at the same time that he names, have slipped away from it gives them keen pleasurey al and recom- | ’. COLLINS. Tammany mal he swung 10 w knew several I uld exclaim language in almost ar many dictated the a pointment. * x ¥ *x was not the beginning of t system. It dated back to 1 | when Congress passed a law establish ing the four-year tenure of office, cofr ciding wit four-year presidentia. was construed— w0t intended—to mean_that e should be a new set of officlals 1 from top to bottom by each incoming administration—even includ- ing the case of a President succeed- ing himself wit} -cond te “To the victor bel the spoi was the Jacksonian cry * x ok x During the first 40 years a adoption of the Constitution the practice to permit officials below cabinet secretaries old office during good be That policy was clearly approved t President Washingt Fitness ity, was the only question in Wash- ington’s mind when approving an pointment. Presidents follow accepted his policy in that re to Andrew Jackson, who fc in his first message the phra the rascals out!” time u til Lincoln’s administration partisa ship alone ruled in filling appoin places. It is recorded that in those old davs it was a common p 1 prevailing—for a to collect his legal from the Government, without ever appearing personally to do any work: he would hire a substitute, perhaps at half the pay, and would pocket the for being a good party man. this sort of corrupt practice wt caused Lincoln to declare: here, you see something which in course of} time will become a_greater danger to the republic than the rebellion itsel It was the nucleus of a bureaucracy which in time would have killed de- mocracy and created a government of the class, for the class and by the class. That a er the it was vernment to appointee “spoils’ It was ik %ok Lincoln ;said most seriously to Carl Schurz, concerning the spoils system: “I am_afraid this thing is going to ruin the Government.” In 1864 the movement toward civil service reform began, but it was a bit- ter fight, culminating in the assassina- tion of President Garfield in 1881, by a_disappointed office see Two years later, the bill was introduced by Senator Gec H. Pendleton of Ohio. It was passed by a majority of both parties. * * ¥ X While we, today, have a reformed rvice requiring examination fo it does not assure permanent employment to any one. The head of a bureau is held responsible for the efficiency of every one under him, yet he cannot make arbitrary disc 3 He must file complaint and recom- mendation for discharge with the Sec- retary of the department. He must produce evidence convincing that head that his recommendation is not due to personal spite, but is for the “good of the service.” B Under present circumstances, with pressure from the White House to cut down unnecessary pay rolls, the chances of convincing a Secretary of the department of . the advisability of letting any one go whom the head of the bureau so recommends are said to be much greater than in ordinary times, and under usual conditions of political expediency, when every em- ploye could rally to his defense the support of at least a congressman or two. The best defense against radic discharges is such efficiency as demonstrate indispensability, even when all departments are reorganized, declares a leading official. . (Copyright, 1925, by Paul ¥, Collinay