Evening Star Newspaper, July 28, 1925, Page 4

B Unspoken Speech by Bryan Sees Bible in War to Death Science Needs Religion as Moral Rudder to Prevent Poisoning of Minds of Page.) | | of (Continued from Kirst faith God. “This indictment we prove by com paring the processes described as evo- | lutionary with the text of Genesis,” he said | “Our second indictment,” the ad-| dress said, “is that the evolutionary hypothesis carried to its logical con- | clusion disputes every vital truth of | the Bible. Its tendency, naturally, if | not_inevitably. is to lead those who really ept it first to agnosticism and then to atheism. The third indictment lution was “that it from pressing problems of portance to trifli in the Bible the word against evo- | diverts attention | great im- | to speculation.” Paralyzed. indictment against hypothesis is that, hope of reform, it se who labor for the m condition,” Sees Reform “Our fourth evolutionary paralyzing courages provement of Bryan said ! The fifth charge brought was that “if taken seriously and made the | basls of the philosophy of life (evo lution) would elim ate love and carry man back to a struggle of tooth and claw.” Clarence Darrow the | by dis im Mr. nd his conduct of the defense in the Leopold-Loeb mur- der case brought lengthy ticism Young, He Asserts. | from a lower order i from the fundamentalist champion, under the question he asked “Do bad doctrines corrupt morals of students? | Reviewing quoted excerpts from | Darrow’s plea in behalf of *“Babe | Leopold because he had become | “‘enamored of the philosophy of Nietz sche,” Mr. Bryan decl od: “This is a | dammable philosoy and yet it is the flower that blooms on the stalk of evolution. Mr. Darrow thinks the | universities are in duty bound to feed | out this poisonous st to their stu- | dents, and when t dents become | stupified by it 'd commit murder | neither they nor the university are to blame.” | Mr. Bryan went into a discussion of science decl: g that science is a magnificent materfal force, but it is not a teacher of morals.” ~And that evolution is at war with religion because rel n is supernatural, He claimed that s needs religion to inspire with lof purposes those who employ the forces that are unioosed by science. Christianity, he said, annot remain indifferent. The text of Mr. Bryan's follows “May it please the court men of the jury “Demosthenes, ancient orators. | the | addres and gentle e mreatest of in his oration on the crown, the most famous of speeches, began by supplicating favor of all the zods and of Greece. If. in a case which in volved only his own fame angd fate, he felt justified in petitioning the heathen gods of his country, surely we, who deal with the momentous issues involved in this case, may well pray to the Ruler of the Universe for a wisdom to guide us in the perform. ance our several parts in this historic trial “Let me in the first place congratu- late our cause that circumstances have committed the trial to a com munity like this and intrusted the decisions to a made_up largely of the yeomanry of the State. The book in issue in this trial contains on | its first page two pictures contrasting the disturbing noises of a great city with the calm serenity of the country It is a tribute that rural life has fully earned. the of jur Appreciates Honesty. turdy honesty and *1 appreciate the Who come into | independence of thos dally contact with the earth, who, | living near to nature, worship nature’s God, and who, dealing with | the myriad mysteries of earth and alr, seek to learn from revelation about the Bible’s wonder-working G T admire the stern virtues, the vigi- | lance and the patriotism of the cl from which the jury is drawn, and am reminded of the lines of Scotland’s immortal bard, which, when changed but slightly, describe your country’s confidence in vou “Oh, Scotia, my dear For_whom my warmest Heave Long ma oil, to my native s wish | sons of rustic est with hes sweet conten Ith and peace and *“And, oh, may Heav'n their lives present From luxury's contagion, weak and vile Then, howe'er crowns a rent, A virtuous populace may rise the while, And stand, their Denies Freedom Curbed. simple 1d coronets be a wall of fire, much-loved isle. around “Let us now separate the from the misrepresentations, inten- tional or unintentional, that have ob- scured both the letter and the purpose of the law. This is not an interference with fr ilom of conscience. A teacher can think as he pleases and worship God as he likes, or refuse to worship God at all. He can believe in the Bible or discard it; he can accept Christ or reject Him. This law places no obliga oo o ‘Testraints uponihio® Ama s with freedom of speech. He can, so long as he acts as an individual, say anything he like on any subject. This law does not violate any rights guar- anteed by any constitution to any in dividual. It deals with the defendant, not as an individual, but as an em- ploye, an official or public servant, paid by the State, and @erefore un der instructions from thf§ State. “The right of the State control the public schools is afiirmed in the recent | decision in the Oregon, case, which de- clares that the State can direct what shall be taught, and also forbid the teaching of anything ‘manifestly in imical to the public welfare.” The above decision goes even farther, and declares that the parent not only has the right to guard the religious wel- fare of the child, but is in duty bound to guard it. That decision fits this case exactly. The State had a right to pass this law, and the law repre- sents the determination of the parents to guard the religious welfare of their children.” Law Is Christians’ Protection. “It need hardly be zdded that this law did not have its origin in bigotry. It is not trying to force any form of religion on anybody. The majority is not trying to establish a religion or to teach it—it is trying to protect itself from the effort of an insolent minority to force irreligion upon the children under the guise of teaching sclence. What right has a little, ir. responsible oligarchy of self-styled ‘intellectuals’ to demand control of the schools of the United States, in which millions of children are being educated at an annual expense of nearly two billions of dollars? Christians must, in every State of the Union, build their own colleges in which to teach Christianity; it is only simple justice that atheists, ag- nostics and unbelievers should build their own colleges if they want to teach their own religious views or | his | goddesses | that denies the tion as taught teaches, ‘instead, story of Divine crea- in the Bible, and that man descended of animals.” The first_sentence sets forth the purpose of those who passed the law. They forbid the teaching of any evolu nary theory that disputes the Bible record of man’s creation, and, to make sure that there shall be no misunderstanding, they place their own interpretations on their language and pecifically forbid the teaching of any theory that makes man a descendant of any lower form of life. What Scope: “The evidence shows taught, in ght. that defendant his own language as well |as from a book outiining the thec that man descended from lower forms of life. Howard Morgan's testimony gives us a definition of evolution that will become known throughout the world as this case is discussed, Howard, a 14 has translated the words of the teacher and the text book into language that even a child can understand. As he recollects it, the defendant said, “A little ge cell organism was formed in the se This kept evolving until it got to be |a pretty good sized animal, then came on to be a land animal, evolving, and from this was man.” There {s no room for difference of opinion here, and there is no need of expert testimony. Here are the facts, corroborated by another student, Harry Shelton, and admitted to be true by counsel for defense. Mr. White, superintendent of schools, testified to the use of Hunters Civie Biology, and to the fact that the defendant not only admitted teaching evolution, but d clared that he could not teach it with- out violating the law. Mr. Robins the chairman of the school *hoard, roborated the testimony of Superin- tendent White in regard to the de fendant’s admissions and declar: These are the fa They are suffi- cient and und a verdict of guilty must follow. and it kept Righteousness of Law. “But the importance of this case requires more. The facts and argu- ments presented to you must not only convince you of the justice of conviction in this case, but, while not | necessary to a verdict of guilty, they should convince you of the righteous ness of the purpose of the people of the State in the enactment of this law. The State must speak through You to the ou de world and repel the aspersions cast by the counsel for the defense upon the intelligence and_the enlightment of the citizens of Tennessee The people of this ate have a high appreciation of the value of education. The State constitution testifies to that in its demand that education shall be fos. tered and that science and literature shall be cherished. The continuing and increasing appropriations for pub- instruction furnish abundant 00f that Tennessee places a just >stimate upon the learning that is se- s schools. not hostile to learning; tianity h been the greatest patron learning has ever had. But Christians know that ‘the fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom’ now just as it has been in the past, and they, therefore, oppose the teaching of guesses that encou: age Godlessness among the studen Admits Debt to Science. “Neither does Tennessee undervalue the service rendered by scienc e. The Christian men and women of Tennes- see know how deeply mankind is in- debted to science for benefits confer- red by the discovery of the laws of nature and by the designing of ma- chinery for the utilization of these laws. Give ence a fact and it is not only invincible, but it is of incal- culable service ‘to ma If one is en- titled to draw from society in propor- tion to the service that he renders to society, who is able to estimate the reward earned by those who have given to us the use of steam, the use of elegtricit and enabled us to util- ize the weight of water that flows down the mountainside? Who .will estimate the value of the service ren- dered by those who invented the phon- ograph, the telephone and the radio? Or, to come more closely to our home life, how shall we recompense those who gave us the sewing machine, the harvester, the threshing machine, the tractor, the automobile and the meth od now employved in making artificial ice? The department of medicine also opens an unlimited fleld for invaluable service. Typhoid and yellow fever are not feared as they ,once were. Diphtheria and pneumonia have been robbed of some of their terrors, and a high place on the scroll of fame still awaits the discoverer of remedies for arthritis, cancer, tuberculosis and T(h’ér dread diseases to which mankind s heir. Evolution Mere Guess. “Christianity welcomes truth from whatever sourse it comes, and is not afraid that any real truth from any source can interfere with the divine truth that comes by inspiration from God himself. It is not scientific truth to which Christians object, for - true science is classified knowledge, and nothing, therefore, can be scientific unless it is true. “Evolution is not truth, it is mere- Iy an hypothesis—it is millions “of #uesses strung together. It had not been proven in the days of Darwin; he expressed astonishment that with two or three million species it had been impossible to trace any species to any other species. It had not been proven in the days of Huxley, and it has not been proven up to today. It is less than four yvears ago that Prof. Bateson came all the way from Lon- don to Canada to tell the American scientists that every effort to trace one species to another had fafled— every one. He said he still had faith in evolution, but had doubts about the origin of species. But of what value is evolution if it cannot explain the origin of species? While many scientists accept evolution as if it were a fact, they all admit, when questioned, that no explanation has been found as to how one species de- veloped into another. Chemical Proof Lacking. “Darwin suggested two laws, sexual selection and natural selection. Sex- ual selection has been laughed out of the classroom and natural selection is being abandoned, and no explana- tion is satisfactory even to scientists, Some of the more rash advocates of evolution are wont to say that evo- lution_is as firmly established as the law of gravitation or the Copernician theory. The absurdity of such a claim is apparent when we remember that any one can prove the law of gravitation by throwing a weight into the air, and that anyone can prove the roundness of the earth by going around it, while no one can prove evolution to be true in any way what- ever. “Chemistry is an insurmountable obstacle in the path of evolution. It is one of the greatest of the sciences; it separates the atoms—isolates them and walks about them, so to speak. If there were in nature a progressive force, an eternal urge, chemistry would find it. But it is not there. attack the religious views of others. ““The statute is brief and free from ambiguity. It prohibits the teaching, in the public gc . “any-theory, All of the 92 original elements are separate and distinct; they combine in fixed and permanent proportions. Water 13-H2Qy as it hag m of one | TH the beginning. Tt was here before life appeared and has never changed; nelther can it be shown that anything else has materially changed. Says Science Claim Weak. ““There is no more reason to believe that man descended from some in ferior animal than there is to believe that a stately mansion has descended from a small cottage. Resemblances are not proof—they simply put us on inquiry: sence of the accused from the scene of the murder, outweighs all the resem- | blances that a thousand witnesses { could swear to, so the inability of sci- | ence to trace any one of the millions Jof species to another species out- weighs all the resemblances upon which evolutionists rely to establish man’s blood relationship with brutes. “But, while the wisest sclentists cannot’ prove a pushing power, such as evolution is supposed to be, there is a lifting power that any child can understand. The plant lifts the min- eral up into a higher world, and the animal lifts the plant up into a world still higher. So, it has been reasoned by analogy, man rises, not by a power within him, but only when drawn up- ward by a higher power. There is a spiritual gravitation that draws all | souls toward heaven, just as surely as there is a physical force that draws all matter on the surface of the earth toward the earth’s center. Christ is our drawing power. He said, ‘I, if 1 be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me,’ and His promise is being fulfilled daily all over the world. “It must be remembered that the law under consideration in this case does not prohibit the teaching of evo- lution up to the line that separates man from the lower form of animal life. The law might well have gone farther than it does and prohibit the teaching of evolution in lower forms of life; the law is a very conservative statement of the people's opposition to an anti-biblical hypothesis. The de- fendant was not content to teach what the law permitted; he, for rea sons of his own, persisted in teaching that which was forbidden for reasons entirely satisfaetory to the lawmakers. Says “Evolution” Misused. “Most of the people who believe in evolution do not know what evolution means. One of the science books taught in the Dayton high school has a chapter on “The Evolution of Ma- chiner This is a_very common misuse of the term. People speak of the evolution of the telephone, the au- tomobile and the musical instrument But these are merely illustrations of man’s power to deal intelligently with inanimate matter: there is no growth from within in the development of machiners “Equally 1 improper is the use of the | word “evolution’ to describe the growth of a plant from a seed, the growth of a chicken from an egg, or the development of any form of ani mal life from a single cell. All these give us a circle, not a change from one species to another. “Evolution—the evolution involved in this case, and the only evolution that is a matter of controversy any- where—is the evolution taught by the defendant, set forth in the books now prohibited by the fiew State law, and illustrated in the diagram printed on page 194 of Hunter's civic biology. The author estimates the number of species in animal kingdom at 518,900, These are divided into 18 classes, and each class Is indicated on the diagram by a circle. It begins with protozoa and ends with the mammals. * * * Man Not Set Apart. “No circle is reserved for man alone. He is, according to the diagram, shut up in the little circle entitled ‘mam- mals’ with 3,499 other species of mam- mals. Does it not seem a little unfair not to distinguish between man and lower forms of life? What shall we say of the intelligence, not to say re- ligion, of those who are so part to distinguish between fishes and rep- tiles and birds, but put a man with an immortal soul in the same circle with the wolf, the hyena and the skunk? What must be the impression made upon children. by such a degradation of man? “In the preface of this book the author explains that it is for children, and adds that ‘the boy or girl of aver- age ability upon admission to the sec- ondary school is not a thinking indi- viduai?' Not Meat for Babes. “Whatever may be said in favor of teaching evolution to adults, it surely is not proper to teach it to children who are not vet able to think. “The evolutionist does not undertake to tell us how protozoa, moved by in- terior and resident forces, sent life up through all the various species, and cannot prove that there was actually any such compelling power at all. And yet the school children are asked to accept their guesses and build a philosophy of life upon them. If it were not so serious a matter, one might be tempted to speculate upon the various degress of relationship that, according to evolutionists, exist between man and other forms of life. It might require some very nice cal- culation to determine at what degree of relationship the killing of a relative ceases to be murder and the eating of one’s kin ceases to be cannibalism. But it is not a laughing matter when one considers that evolution not only offers no suggestions as to a Creator but tends to put the creative act so far away as to cast doubt upon crea- tion itself. And, while it is shaking faith in God as a beginning, it is also creating doubt as to a heaven at the end of life. Evolutionists do not feel that it is incumbent upon them to show how life began or at what point in their long drawn out scheme of changing species may become endowed with hope and promise of immortay life. God may be a matter of indiffer- ence to the evolutionists, and a life beyond may have no charm for them, but the mass of mankind will continue to worship their Creator and continue to find comfort in the promise of their Savior that He has gone to prepare a place for them. Christ has made of death a narrow, starit strip be- tween the companionship of yesterday and the reunion of tomorrow:; evolu- tion strikes out the stars and deepens the gloom that enshrouds the tomb. Demands More Than Guess. “If the results of evolution were unimportant, one might require less proof in support of the hypothesis, but before accepting a new philosophy of life, built upon a’ materfalistic foundation, we have reason to demand something more than guesses; ‘we may well suppose’ is not a sufficient substitute for ‘thus saith the Lord.’ “If you, your honor, and you, gen- tlemen of the jury, would have an un- derstanding of the sentiment that lies back of the statute against the teach- ing of evolution, please consider the facts that I shall now present to you. First, as to the animals to which evolutionists would have us trace our ancestry. The following is Darwin's familv tree, as you will find it set forth on pages 180-181 of his ‘Descent of Man": “‘The most ancient progenitors in the kingdom of vertebrata, at which we are able to obtain an obscurs slance, apparently consisted of a group of marine animals, resembling the larvae of existing ascidians. These animals probably gave rise to a group of fishes, as lowly organized as the lancelot, and from these the ganoids, and other fishes like the Lepidosiren, must have been developed. From such fish a very small advance would carry us on to the amphibian: ‘We have seen that birds and reptiles were once intimately called together, and the monotremata now connects mammals with reptiles in a slight degree. Pedigree Not Noble. ‘‘‘But no one can at present say by what line of descent the three higher and related classes, namely, mam- mals, birds and reptiles, were derived from the two Jower vertebrate classes, namely, amphiblans and fishes. In olass -of mammals the- Steps-are As one fact, such as the ab-| the | E EVENING STAR, WASHINGTO not difficult to conceive which led from the ancient Monotremata to the ancient Marsupialas, and from these to the early progenitors of the placen- tal mammals. We may thus ascend to the Lemuridae; and the interval is not very wide from these to the Limi- idae. The Simiidae then branched off into two great stems, the New World and the Old World monkeys, and from the latter, at a remote period, man, j the wonder and giory of the universe, proceeded. Thus we have given to a man a pedigree of prodigious lensth, but not, it may be said, of noble qual- ity.’ (Ed. 1574, Hurst) “Note the words implying uncer-| tainty: ‘Obscure glance,’ ‘apparently,” ‘resembling,’ ‘must have been,’ ‘slight degree’ and ‘conceive.’ “Darw'n, on page 171 of the same book, trics to locate his first ma that is, tre first man to come down out of the trees—in Africa, After leaving man in company with goril- las and chimpanzees, he says: ‘But it is useless to speculate on this sub. ject” If he had only thought of this earlier the world might have been spared much of the speculation that his brute hypothesis has excited. Dispenses With Thinking. “On page 79 Darwin gives some fanciful reasons for believing that man is more likely to have descended from the chimpanzee than from the gorilla. His speculations are an excellent illustration of the effect that the evolutionary hypothesis has in cultivating the imagination. Prof. J. Arthur Thomson says that the ‘idea of evolution fs the most potent thought economizing _formula the world has yet known.' It is more than that; it dispenses with thinking entirely and relies on the imagination. “On page 141 Darwin attempts to trace the mind of man back to the mind of lower animals. On pages 113 and 114 he endeavors to trace man’ moral nature back to the animal It is all animal, animal, animal. with n r a thought of God or of religion ‘Our first indictment against evolu tion is that it disputes the truth of the Bible account of man's creation and shakes faith in the Bible as the word of Ged. This indictment we prove by comparing the processes des- cribed as evolutionary with the text of Genesis. It not only contradicts the Mosaic record as to the beginning of human life, but it disputes the Bible doctrine of reproduction accord- ing to kind—the grehtest sclentific principle known Leads to Atheism. “Our second indictment is that the evolutionary hypothesis, carried to its logical conclusion, disputes every vital truth of the Bible. Its tendency, nat- {ural, if not inevitable, is to lead tho: who' really accept it, first to agnos cism and then to athelsm. Evolution- ists attack the truth of the Rible, not openly at first, but by using weazel- wor8s like ‘“‘poetical,” mbolical” and “allegorical” to suck the meaning out of the inspired record of man's creation. “We call as our first witness Charles Darwin. He began life a Christian On page 39, volume I, of the ‘Life and Letters of Charles Darwin,’ by his son Francis Darwin, he says, speaking of the period from 1828 to 1831, “I did not then in the least doubt the strict and literal truth of every word in {the Bible.” On page 412 of volume II of the same publication, ‘when T was collecting facts for “The Origin’ my belief in what is called a personal God was as firm as that of Dr. Pusy himself.’ It may be a sur- prise to your honor and to you, gen- tlemen of the jury, as it was to me, rn that Darwin spent three vears mbridge studying for the min- Darwin’s Change. ““This was Darwin as a young man, before he came under the influence of doctrine that man came from a lower order of animals.” The change wrought in his religious views will be found in a letter written t6 a German youth in 1879, and printed on page 27 of volume I of the ‘Life and Letters’ above referred to. The letter begins: ‘I am much engaged, an old man and out of health, and I cannot spare time to answer your questions fully—nor indeed can they be answered. Science has nothing to do with Christ, except in so far as the habit of scientific re- search makes a man cautious in ad- mitting evidence. For myself, T do not believe that there ever has heen any revelation. As for a future life, every man must judge for himself between conflicting vague probabili- tles.” Note that ‘science has nothing to do with Christ, except in so far as the habit of scientific redearch makes a man cautious in admitting evidence.’ Stated plainly, that simply means that ‘the habit of scientific research’ makes one cautious in accepting the only evidence that we have of Christ's existence, mission, teachings, cruci- fixion and resurrection, namely, the evidence found in the Bible. To make this interpretation of his words the only possible one, he adds, ‘For myself, I do not believe that there ever has been any revelation.’ “In rejecting the Bible as a revela- tion from God he rejects the Bible's conception of God, and he rejects also the supernatural Christ of whom the Bible, and the Bible alone, tells. And, it will be observed, he refuses to ex- press any opinion as to a future life. Quotes Darwin's Son. “Now let us follow with his son’s exposition of his father's views as they are given in extracts from a biography written in 1876. Here is Darwin’s language as quoted by his son: During these two years (October, 1838, to January, 1839) 1 was led to think much about religion. Whilst on board the Beagle 1 was quite orthodox and I remember being heartily laughed at by several of the officers (who thought themselves orthodox) for quoting the Bible as an unanswerable _authority on some point of morality. When thus re- flecting, I felt compelled to look for a first cause, having an intelligent mind in_some degree analogous to man; and I deserved to be called an atheist. This conclusion was strong in my mind about the time, as far s I can remember, when I wrote ‘The Origin of Species’; it is_ since that time that it has very gradually, with many fluctations, become weaker. But then arises the doubt, can the mind of man, which has, as I fully believe, been developed from a mind as low as that possessed by the lowest animals, be trusted when it draws such grand conclusions? “‘I cannot pretend to throw the least light on such abstruse problems. The mystery of the beginning of all things is Insoluble by us, and I, for one, must be content to remain an ag- nostie.’ Cites Need of Primal Cause. “When Darwin entered upon his scientific career he was “quite ortho- dox and quoted the Bible as an un- answerable authority on some point of morality.” Even when he wrote ‘The Origin of Species,’ the thought of ‘a first cause, having an intelligent mind in some degree analogous to mdn’ was strong in his mind. It was after that time that ‘very gradually, with many fluctuations,’ "his belief in God became weaker. He traces this de- cline for us and concludes by telling us that he cannot pretend to throw the least light on such abstruse prob- lems—the religious problems above re- ferred to. Then comes the flat state- ment that he “must be content to re- main an agnostic’; and to make clear what he meant by the word agnostic, he says that “the mystery of the be- ginning of all things in insoluble by us—not by him alone, but by every- body. . Here we have the effect of evo- lution upon its most distinguished ex- ponent; it led him from an orthodox Christian, believing every word of the Bible and in a personal God, down and down and down to helpless and hope- less agnosticism. he says, | TUESDAY, JULY 28 By the Associated Press. “His teachings, and His teach- ings alone, can solve the problems that vex the heart and perplex the world.” “It (the Scopes trial) is also a renewal of the issue in Pilate's cour “Again force and love meet face to face, and the question, ‘What shall I do with Jesus? must be answered. A bloody, brutal doc- trine—evolution—demands as the rabble did 1,900 years ago, that he be crucified.” “Christlanity welcomes truth from whatever source it comes and is not afraid that any real truth from any source can interfere with the divine truth that comes by in- spiration from God Himself.” “Chemistry is an insurmountable obstacle in the path of evolution. It is one of the greatest of the sclences; It separates the atoms isolates them and walls about them, s0 to speak. If there were in na- ture a progressive force, an eternal urge, chemistry would find it. But it is not there. All of the 92 origi- nal elements are separate and dis- tinet; they combine in fixed and permanent proportions.” “Christians desire that their chil dren be taught all the sciences, but they do not want them to lose sight of the Rock of Ages while they study the age of the rocks; neither do they desire them to become so absorbed in measuring the distance between the stars that they will forget Him who holds the stars in His hands.” “The cry in the business world, in the industrial world, in the pro. Jessional world, in the political world—even in the religious workd for consecrated talents—for plus a passion for service. “Evolution, disputing the miracle 1925, ighlights of Bryan Argument and ignoring the spiritual in life has no place for the regenerati of the individual. It recognizes no ery of repentance and scoffs at the doctrine that one can be born again.” “A heart ¢ changed in the twinkling of an eye and a chang in the life follows a change in the heart.” “He (Darwin) wants us to believe that evolution develops a human sympathy that finally becomes tender that it repudiates the law that created it and thus invites a return to a level where the extin- guishing of pity and svmpathy will permit the brutal instinets to again do their progressive work.” an any Christian remain in different? Science needs religion to - direct its energies. And to inspire with lofty purposes those who em ploy the forces that are unloosed by science. Evolution is at war with religion because religion is st pernatural; it is, therefore, the re lentless foe of Christianity, which is a revealed religion.” “The soul is immortal and re ligion deals with the soul; the logi cal effect of the evolutionary hypo thesis is to undermine religion and thus affect the 11 “He (Darwin) drags man down to the brute level and then, judging man by brate standards, he ques tions whether man's mind can be trusted to deal with God and im mortality.’ “Psychologists the evolutionary that man is not of charactei brute ancestors.” “It may be a surprise or and to vou gentlen who build hypothesis & but a inherited upon teach bundle from stics to vour n of the rn that Ve am the ministry.” as it was 10 me, Lo n spent three e studying for which I reserve comment—it throws light upon his downward pathway— “Then arises the doubt, can the mind of man which has, as I fully believe, | been developed from a mind as low as that possessed by the lowest animals, be trusted when it draws such grand conclusions Questions Man's Capacity. “Here is the explanation: he drags | man down to the brute level and then, judging man by brute stand- ards, he questions whether man’s mind can be trusted to deal with ‘God and immortality “How can any teacher tell his stu- dents that evolution does not tend| to destroy his religious faith? How can an honest teacher conceal from his students the effect upon Darwin himself? And is it not| | stranger still that preachers who ad- | | vocate evolution never speak of Dar-| win's loss of faith, due to his belief in evolution? The parents of Ten- nessee have reason enough to fear the effect of evolution upon the minds | {of their children. Belief in evolution | {cannot bring to those who hold such | la belief any compensation for the| loss of faith in God, trust in the| Bible and belief in the supernatural | character of Christ. It is bellef in| evolutione that has caused so many scientists and so many Christians to| reject the miracles of the Bible, and| then give up, one after another, ever vital truth of Christlanity. They| finally cease to pray and sunder the| tie that binds them to their heavenly father. Denies Miracles Puzzling. “The miracle should not be a stum- bling block to any one. It raises but three questions: First, could God perform a miracle? Yes, the God who created the universe can do any- thing he wants to with it. He can temporarily suspend any law that He has made or He may employ higher laws that we do not understand. “Second, would God perform a miracle? 'To answer that question |in the negative one would have to know more about God's plans and purposes than a finite mind can know, and yet some are so wedded to evolution that they deny that God would perform a miracle merely be- cause a miracle is inconsistent with evolution. Bible Establishes Miracles. “If we believe that God can perform a miracle and might desire to do so, we are prepared to consider with open mind the third question—namely, did God perform the miracies recorded in the Bible? The same evidence that establishes the authority of the Bible establishes the truth of the record of miracles performed. “Do these evolutionists stop to think of the crime they commit when they take faith out of the hearts of men and women and lead them out into a starless night? What pleasure can they find in robbing a human be- irg of “the hallowed glory of that creed’ and in substituting ‘the lonely mystery of existence.’ Can the fathers and mothers of Tennessee be blamed for trying to protect their children from such a tragedy? “If any one has been led to com- plain of the severity of the punish- ment that hangs over the defendant, let him compare this crime and its mild punishment with the crimes for which a greater punishment is pre- scribed. What is the taking of a few dollars from one in day or night in comparison with the crime of leading one away from God and away from Christ? Shakespeare’s View. “Shakespeare regards the robbing one of his good name as much more grave than the stealing of his purse. But we have a higher authority than Shakespeare to invoke this connec- tion. He who spake as never man spaketh, thus describes the crimes that are committed against the young. ‘It is impossible but that offenses will come; but woe unto him_through whom they come. It were better for him that a millstone were hanged about his neck and be cast into the sea than that he should offend one of these little ones.’ “Christ did not overdraw the pic- ture. Who is able to set a price upon the life of a child—a child into whom a mother has poured her life and for whom a father has labored? What may a noble life mean to the child it- self, to the parents and to the world? ‘And it must be remembered that we can measure the effect on only that part of life which is spent on earth; we have no way of calculating the effect on that infinite circle of life of which existence here is but a small are. “The soul is immortal and religion deals with the soul; the logical effect of the evolutionary hypothesis is to undermine religion and thus affect the soul. I read recently a list. of questions that were to be discussed in a prominent Eastern school for wom- en. The second question in the list read: ‘Is religion an obsolescent func- tion that should be allowed to atrophy quietly, without arousing the passion- ate prejudice of outworn supersti- tion? The real attack of evolution, it will be seen, is not upon orthodox Christianity, or even upon Christian- ity, but upon religion—the most basic fact in man’s existence and the most practical thing in life. _ Scientists Deny God. “But I have some more evidence of the effect of evolution upon the life of those who accept it and try to | ke of evolution | harmonize their thought with it. James H. Leuba, a professor of psychology at Bryn Mawr College, Pennsylvania, published a few years ago a book entitled ‘Belief in God and Immortality.’ In this book he relates. how he secured the opinions of scien- § v God and used & Men of ortality. He “Ame he a personal im slume _entitl > may prope There w in the h nd names as hundred names lected one tho sentative of the fifty-five h addressed them person Most of them, he said, were teachers in schools of higher learning. The names were confidentially. Upon the answers received, he asserts that over half of them doubt or deny the existence of a personal God and a personal im mortality, and he asserts that unbelief increases in proportion to prominence, the percentage of unbelief being great est among the most prominent ogists, believers in a personal God numbered less than 31 per cent, while believers in personal immortality numbered only 37 per cent. repre ndred and Explains Unbelief. “He also questioned the students in nine colleges of high rank and 1,000 answers received, 97 per cent of which were from students between 18 and 20, he found that unbelie? in- creased from 15 per cent in the fr man class up to 40 to 45 per cent among the men who were graduated. On page 280 of this hook we read “The students’ statistics show that young people enter Do of the beliefs still accepted, more or less perfunctorily, in the average home of the land, gnd gradu: lon the cardinal Christian This change from belief to unbelief he attributes to the influence of the persons ‘of high culture under whom they studied.” ‘The people of Tennessee have been patient_enough; they acted none too soon. How can they expect to pro- tect soclety, and even the from the deadening influence of agnos- ticism and atheism if they permit the teachers employed by taxation to pol son the minds of the youth with thi destructive doctrine? And, remembe that the law has ‘not heretofore re- quired the writing of the word ‘poi- son’ on poisonous doctrines. The bod- ies of our people are so valuable that druggists and physicians must b careful to properly label all poisons; why not be as careful to protect the spiritual life of our people from the poisons that kill the sc “There is a test that is used to ascertain whether pected of mental infirmity is really insane. He is put into a tank of water and told to dip the tank dry while a stream of water flows into the tank. If he has not sense enough to turn off the water he is adjudged insane. Can parents ju them- selves if, knowing the effect of be. lief in evolution, they permit irreli. gious teachers to inject skepticism and infidelity in the minds of their chil- dren? sometimes one su: Cites Leopold and Loeb. “Do bad_doctrines corrupt the mor- als of students? We have a case in point. Mr. Darrow, one of the most distinguished criminal lawyers in our land, was engaged about a year ago in defending two rich men’s sons who were on trial for as dastardly a mur- der as was ever committed. The old- er, one, ‘Babe’ Leopold, was a bril- liant student, 19 years old. He was an evolutionist and ‘an atheist. He was also a follower of' Nietzsche, whose books he had devoured and whose phi- losphy he had adopted. Mr. Darrow made a plea for him, based upon the influence that Nietzsche's philosophy had exerted upon the boy’s mind. Here are extracts from his speech: “‘Babe took to philosophy. * * * He grew up in this way; he became enamoured by the philosophy of Nietz- sche. Your honor, I have read al. most everything that Nietzsche ever wrote. A man of wonderful intellect; the most original philosopher of the last century. A man who made a deeper imprint on philosphy than any other man within a hundred years, whether right of wrong. * *+ * I have just made a few short ex- tracts from Nietzsche that show the things that he (Leopold) has read, and these are short and almost taken at random. It is not how this would affect you. It is not how it would affect me. The question is, how it would affect the impressionable, visionary, dreamy mind of a boy—a boy who ‘should never have seen it— too early for him. Quotes From Nietzsche. “ ‘Quotation from Nietasche: “Why so soft, oh, my brethren? Why so soft, so unresisting and yielding? Why is there so much disavdwal and abnegation in_your heart? Why is there so little fate in your looks? For all creators are hard and it must seem blessedness unto you to press your hand upon milleniums and upon ‘ “This new table, oh, my brethren, I put over you; become hard. To be obsessed by moral consideration pre- supposes a_very low grade of intel- lect. We should substitute for moral- ity the wilPto our own end, and, con- sequently, to the means to accomplish that. A great man, a man whom nature has built up and invented in a grand style, is colder, harder, less cautious and more free from the fear of public opinion. He does not possess the virtues which are com- patible with respectability, with being respected, nor any of those things which are counted among the virtues of the herd.”’ Nietzsche’s Superman. “Mr. Darrow says: “The super- an, a creation of Nietzsche, has permeated every college and univer- sity in the civilized world. ““There is not any university in the world where the professor is n.ot .m; millar Nietzsche—not one. Some believe it, and some do not from | T believe it. Some read it as I do and take it as a_theory, a_dream, a vision, mixed with good and bad, but not in'any way related to human life. Some take it serfously. * ¢ * There is not a university in the world of any high standing where the professors do not tell you about Nietzsche and discuss him, or where the books are not there “‘If this boy is to blame for thi where did he get it? Is there an blame attached because took Nietzsche's philosophy serfously and fashioned his life upon it? A there is no question in this cuse but what that is true. Then who is to blame? The universit ould more to blame than he is; the schol- ars of the world would be more ito blame than he is. The of the world * *+ =+ me than he 1s. Your hardly fair to hang a 19-year-old boy for the philosophy that was taught him at the university. It does not meet my ideas of justice and fair- ness to visit upon his head the phi losophy that has been taught by uni versity men for 25 years.' are more to Honor, it is Blames Universities. “In fairness to Mr. Darrow, I think I ought to quote two more para graphs. After this bold attempt to excuse the student on the ground that he was transformed from a well mean ing youth into a murderer b; the philosophy of an atheist, and on the further ground that thi philosopk was in the libraries of all t leges and discussed by the profes some adopting the philosoph some rejecting it—on th grounds he denies that the b be held responsible for human life. He charges that the scholars in the universities were more responsible than the boy, and that the universities were more ble than the boy, because they nished such books to the students, then he proceeds to exonerate universities and the scholars, ing nobody responsible. Here is Mr. Dar row’s language “‘Now, I do not want to | understood about this. Even | sake of saving the lives of m |1 do not want to be dishonest and tel | | ors and two should fur an be for th nt the court something that I do not hon think in this case I do not nat the universities are lame. I do not think they should be held responsible. I do think, ho ever, that they are too large, and t they should keep a closer watch possible, upon the individual thir Damnable Philosophy. you cannot because, forsooth, some be deranged by thought duty of the universit it, to be the greates the wisdom of the its students come nd learn and choose. 1 oubt but what }it has meant the death of many, t that we cannot help.’ ““This is a damnable philosophy, {vet it is the flower that bloom the stalk of evolution. Mr. I thinks the universities are in duty bound to feed out this poisonous st lto tn students, and when tk students become stupefied by it anc commit murder, neither they nor the universities are to blame. I vour honor, and gentiemen ¢ Jur; that you agree with me I protest against the adoption of {such a philosophy in the State Tennessee. A criminal is not relieved from responsibility merely because he found Nietzsche’s philosophy in a library which ought not to con it. Neither is the university gui {less if it permits such corrupt nourishment to be fed to the that are intrusted to its care |80 a step farther, would the be blameless if it permitted the un versities under its control to be turned into training schools for mur derers? When you get bac to root of this question you wil that the Legislature not only had a iright to protect the students from the evolutionary hypothesis, but was in duty bound to do so. “‘But destrc brain It ouse of and to have the when souls I St church, | Quotes Loeb Defense, “While on this subject, your attention to { embodied in M speech. {said that Dicky Loeb, the younger |boy, had read trashy novels, of the {blood and thunder sort. He even went so far as to commend an Illinois statute which forbids minors reading stories of crime. Here is what Mr. Darrow said: ‘We have a statute in this State, passed only last vear. recall it, which forbids minors reading stories of crime. Why? There is one reason; because the Legislature. its wisdom, thought it would have tendency to and this life Lthem.’ “If Tllinois can protect her why cannot this State protect boys of Tennessee? Illinois any more yours? “But to return to the philosophy of an evolutionist. Mr. Darrow said: ‘I v to you seriously that the parents of Dicky Loeb are more responsible than he, and yet few boys had better parents.” * again, he says, ‘I know that one of two things hap pened to this boy: that this terrible crime was inherent in his organism, and came from some ancestor, or that it came through his education and his training after he was born.’ H thinks the boy was not responsible for anything; his guilt was due, accord- ing to his philosophy, either to hered- ity or environment. “But let me complete Mr. Darrow’s philosophy based on evolution. He says: ‘I do not know what remote ancestor may have sent down the seed that corrupted him, and I do not know through how many ancestors it may have passed until Loeb. All I know is, it is true, and there is not a biologist in thé world who will not say I am right.” Menace to World's Morals “Psychologists who bufld upon the evolutionary hypothesis teach that man is nothing but a bundle of char- acteristics inherited from brute an- cestors. That is the philosophy which Mr. Darrow applied in this cele brated criminal case. ‘Some remote ancestor'—he does not know how re- mote—'sent down the seed that cor- rupted him." You cannot punish the ancestor—he is not only dead, but, ac- cording to the evolutionists, he w: a brute and may have lived a mil- lion years ago. And he says that all the biologists agree with him—no wonder so small a per cent of the biologists, according to Leuba, believe in a personal God. “This is the quintessence of evolu- tion, distilled for us by one who fol- lows that doctrine to its logical con- clusion. Analyze this dogma of dark- ness and death. Evolutionists say that back in the twilight of life a beast, name and nature unknown, planted a murderous seed and that the impulse that originated in that seed throbs forever in the blood of the brute’s descendants, inspiring killings innumerable, for which murderers are not responsible because coerced by a fate fixed by the laws of heredity! Tt is an insult to reason and shocks the heart. The doctrine is as deadly as leprosy; it may aid a lawyer in a criminal case, but it would, if gener- ally adopted, destroy all sense of re- sponsibility and menace the morals of the world. A brute, they say, can predestine a man to crime, and vet they deny that God incarnate in the flesh can release a human being from this bondage or save him from an- cestral sins. No more repulsive doc- trine was ever proclaimed by man. If all the biologists of the world teach this doctrine, as Mr. Darrow says they do, then may Heaven defend the youth of our land from their impious bablings. Leads to Idle Specn.lltl‘on. “Our third indictment against evo- lution is that it diverts attention from pressing problems of great importance to trifling speculation. While one evolutionist is trying to imagine what happened in the dim past,-another is 3 let me proposit in the boys who read boys, precious than somebody | publishers the taking of | clients | am sure, | find | produce these thoughts | ¢ the | 4re the boys of | it reached Dicky | | trying to pry lopén the ‘ddor of thé |distant future. One recently grew eloquent over ancient worms, and an- {other predicted that 75000 years hence every will be L and toothless those who en | deavor to clothe our remote ance {tors with hair and those who | deavor to. remove the hair from the | heads of our remote descendants |ignore the present wit e | demands. The science lis the most sciences, but ow to live reir children shall be tau nces, but they do not wa | study the ages of the | do they desire then | sorbed” in measuring ars that th who holds the stars | " “While n fof popul | us i m e th | their own | ciety that | not against 1d Both s imper: how t import of is necessary Chr it to know ans desire at the our | ivolution “Deadening.” life ” ristians do not de rey desire with 1 girls vined of God and busine rid v he pol the religious wol talents. Is Unrelenting Enen thus, th or can rede mption of | Lo differe: brother and onist ma of these boys w morality, squ e father hac ught diser name; but why a wick change nd bez stand this fa portant in_the v does not ex confessed his s nd t Heavenly to welcome ner, no matte: dered, how often deep he has st “Your honc wonderful poem Tennessee 1 venture to quot puts into exqu opportunity which gives to every one who w in to righteousness. * “Though how Wa e lan Evolution Mocks Pr: “There are no lines like all that evolutionists have ever ten. Darwin that n nothing to do with the Christ | taught the spirit embodi i of Walter Malone, is the only hope A heart can be changed he twinkling of an eye and a change in the life follows a change in the heart. * * * It is because Ct tians believe in individual re, tion and in the regeneration clety through the regeneration ¢ dividuals that they pray ‘Thy dom come, thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven.’ Evolution makes a mockery of the Lord's Prayer! “Our fifth in these ictment of the evol tionary hypothesis is that if taken seriously and made the basis 3 philosophy of life, it would eliminate love and carry man back struggle of tooth and claw. Christians who have allowed selves to be deceived ‘into belie that evolution is a beneficent, or even a rational process, have been associat- ing with those who either do not understand its implications or dare not avow their knowledge of these implications. Let me give you some authority on this subject. I will be- gin_with Darwin, the hizh priest of evolution, to whom all evolutionists bow ‘On pages 149 and scent of Man,' already sayst in ‘The De- referred to, he Survival of Fittest. “‘With savages, the weak in body or mind are soon eliminated; and those that survive commonly exhibit a vig- orous state of health. We civilized men, on the other hand, do our utmost to check the process of elimination; we build asylums for the imbecile, the maimed and the sick; we institute poor laws, and our medical men exert their utmost skill to save the life of every one to the last moment. There is reason to believe that vaccination has preserved thousands who from a weak constitution would formerly have succumbed to,smallpox. Thus the weak members of civilized society propagate their kind. * * ¢ ““The aid which we feel impelled to give to the helpless is mainly an inci- dental result of the instinct of sym- pathy which was originally acquired as part of the social instincts, but subsequently rendered, in the manner previously indicated, more tender and more widely diffused. Nor could We check our sympathy, even at the urg- ing of hard reason, without deterloré- tion in the noblest part of our nature. * ¢ * We must therefore bear the undoubtedly bad effects of the weak surviving and propagating their kind.’ Doctrine Inhuman. “Let us analyze the quotation jus! given. Darwin speaks with approval of the savage custom of ellmlnntln the weak so that bnly-the strong tinued on FIfth Paged