Evening Star Newspaper, July 6, 1925, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR 1919, & growth of about 53; per cent. With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY. . July 6, 1925 THEODORE W. NOYES. . . . Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 11th 8t and Penneylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East $2nd St. Chicago Office: Tower Building. Turopean Office: 16 Regent St.. Lone England. The Evening Star. with the Sunday morn- ing edition, in delivered by carriers within the city at' 60 cents per month: daily’ only. 45 cents ‘Der menth: Sunday only. 20 cents v ‘month. Orders may be sent by mail or lenhone Main 5000, Coliection 1& made by carrier at the end of each month. Rate b‘ Mail—Payable in Advance. land and Virginia. Daily and Sunda, .1yr.$R.40: 1 mo., 70¢ Daily only $8.00: 1 mo.| 80¢ Sunday only 11 moll 20 All Other States. Daily and Sunday...1 yr..$10.00 Daily only 1 $7.00 Sunday on| §: Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled 1o the use for republication of all news dis- Datches credited to it or not otherwise cred- ited in this paper and also the local news published herein. of apecial di 1mo., 1 mol. ilmol All righis of publication atches herein are 2350 reserved. Premature Boomers. Declaration by a Republican na- tlonal committeeman from the Middle West that President Coolidge is as- sured of another nomination and elec- tion is -undoubtedly inspired by a Benuine feeling of admiration for the presidential incumbent, and by a sin- cere belief in the favorable sentiment for him which now prevails through- out the country. Nevertheless it is of doubtful discretion at this time thus to proclaim a boom for another term when the President is just begin- ning his first elective term. Mr. Coolidge himself has given no sign since his nomination at Cleve- land or his election in November that he regards himself as either eligible or ineligible for candidacy in 1928. He has not made the mistake committed by Mr. Roosevelt in November, 1904, when in the hour of his victory he an- nounced that he regarded his election as to a second term, and declared that therefore in no circumstances would he be a candidate for the succession in 1908. That statement was gratuitous and superfluous as well as indiscreet. It caused serious trouble later. ¢ The President’s silence on the sub- Ject of a second elective term has been construed as signifying that he re gards himself as eligible for another nomination and election. Of his eligi- bility there can be no question. There 15 no law against it, and there is no tradition save the Roosevelt statement of 1904 in its disfavor. And public feeling steadfastly, since that state. ment was made, has been that it was a mistake of judgment, that Mr. Roosevelt should not have read him- self out of the equation for 1908 in advance of the time for selecting a candidate. In maintaining silence on the sub- Ject Mr. Coolidge has been not only true to his character, but wise in his political judgment. His remarkable triumph in November, 1924, certainly evidenced great strength with the people of the country. Nothing has occurred since that election to weaken his position. Nothing is in prospect to | lessen his hold upon the popular imagination as a safe Executive. Silence upon the question of another term is the dignified as well as the politic position. Whatever the burdens of the office, the weight of its cares and responsi- bilities, it is highly to be desired. Mr. Coolidge would be other than human it he did not wish to be given an- other vote of confidence. It may be sct down as assured that in his heart he wishes to be thus sustained and in- dorsed. It may be accepted that he desires an opportunity to continue the work for the public welfare that he has begun. Nevertheless, it is undoubtedly em- barrassing to him to proclaim his position as a potential candidate for another nomination and term. The enthusiasm of his partisans and friends may go to the point of com- pelling him to make some kind of statement. They should refrain from anvthing of the sort. If he is the choice of his party in 1928 it will be because of his record in the White House, not because of the enterprise of boomers. Nature will take its course without the aid of premature proclaimers of his popularity. — v It is a long time since Albert Beve- ridge was in the United States Senate, but he evidently maintains a high re- gard for and a deep interest in it in spite of the separation. o The Soviet government some time ago began to look as if teo many efficiency experts had been tampering with it. —————— Germany’s Growing Population. German census figures just sum- marized from the enumeration of a month ago shows some interesting results. The population is stated at approximately 62,600,000, exclusive of the region of the Saare, where the esti- mated population is 750,000. This would make the total German popula- tion 63,250,000, or about the same as in 1908. At the outbreak of the war 11 years ago the census showed a Ger- man population of 68,000,000. Thus the net loss by deaths in the war, by reduction of the birth rate and by loss of territory since the beginning of the conflict is roughly 4,750,000 from the 1914 enumeration. This, however, does not correctly state the actual popula- tion loss, for it is estimated that had it not been for the war the population ©of Germany, comprising the area that it covered in July, 1914, would now have been about 75,000,000 This would indicate an actual net loss through alienated population, war deaths and diminished birth rate of 11,750,000. It has been estimated that Germany lost almost 7,000,000 people by terri- torial cessions under the peace treaty, 2,750,000 in war casualties and 2,500, 000 through a decreased birth rate during the war period. This is a total of 12,250,000, which closely corre- sponds to the estimated net loss al- ready stated. The population increase is indicated by this latest census, which shows about 3,350,000 people more than in At the prescnt rate of increase, whick is about 1 per cent a year, according {to the difference between the 1919 and 1925 enumerations, the population of Germany as it is now constituted will by 1935 have passed the point of the population at the outbreak of the war. In other words, in about 20 years from the beginning of the conflict Ger- many will have as many people within & much smaller area. This is an important matter for con- sideration. Germany, it is plain, faces the problem of congestion. Colonial expansion is in the present circum- stances impossible. Fifteen years ago the problem of the surplus population of Germany was an Important factor in the determination of national pol- icies. Clearly, the German statesmen will soon be compelled to consider seriously this same question, while the statesmen of other nations of Eu- rope must likewise consider it with reference to the security of peace. Pinchot’s Attack on Mellon. ‘When prohibition enforcement offi« cers fall out the bootleggers laugh. They may be expected to take a long chortle over the slashing attack de- livered by Gov. Pinchot of Pennsyl- vania against Secretary Mellon of the Treasury Department, charging fafl- ure to enforce prohibition. The governor's diatribe against Sec- retary Mellon might have been more effective, however, were it not for the suspicion that a State political row underlies it. Gov. Pinchot is credited with senatorial aspirations. Senator George Wharton Pepper comes up for renomination and re-election, if nomi- nated, next vear. And rumor has it that Mr. Pepper will have the earnest support of Secretary Mellon in his candidacy, and that Senator Reed, a Mellon man, will also put his shoulder to the wheel for Mr. Pepper. The stage is set for a pretty political fight, with the governor lined up against the Republican organization. The inference, therefore, is that Gov. Pinchot is turning the limelight on himself by his dry crusade, and at the same time taking a smash at the forces that will oppose his nomination for the Senate. If Mr. Pinchot goes into the contest for the senatorial nomination, as it has been repeatedly published he will, his platform will be dryer than the Sahara Desert. | Gov. Pinchot was correct in his | statement that prohibition has never been really enforced in the United States. It is no secret, and it is a fact that lends color to the charges brought against Secretary Mellon or any other officer of the Government in connection with prohibition enforce- ment. But Gov. Pinchot has gone much further than this in his attack on Mr. Mellon. He has impugned the motives of the Secretary of the Treas- ury. He has insisted that because of Mr. Mellon's former intersst in a large distillery, Mr. Mellon has delib- erately sought not to enforce prohibi- tion. And the enforcement of the pro- hibition law comes under Mr. Mellon's department. To say that the law has not been enforced does not mean necessarily that Secretary Mellon has not tried to enforce it—has not done his duty {as Secretary of the Treasury, which is charged with law enforcement. But that is the impression which Gov. Pinchot has sought to leave in the minds of the public. In his Portland speech Gov. Pinchot spoke hopefully of the appointment of Gen. Andrews, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, in direct charge of pro- hibition enforcement, and declared that at last a real effort toward pro- hibition enforcement might be under way. Ina measure the governor con- tradicts his own charge against Mr. Mellon by this statement. For Mr. Mellon, it is well understood, rules the Treasury Department, and no man would be selected for Assistant Secre- tary without his entire approval. Gov. Pinchot is ‘the crusading type. Without any disparagement of his services or his efforts, he has never been inclined to tolerance. He has seen one side of the questions pre- sented. As a member of the “tennis cabinet” of the old Roosevelt days, he took his stand with the Progressives. He broke with President Taft over the administration of the Interior Depart- ment by Secretary ‘Ballinger. Inci- dentally, it may be recalled that be- fore the Senate committee which in- vestigated the charges against Ballin- ger, Senator Pepper, who was not then Senator, appeared as attorney on the Pinchot side of the controversy. The value to the cause of prohibi- tion of such assaults as that deliv- ered by Gov. Pinchot against Mr. Mel- lon is extremely doubtful. Whether they will be valuable to the cause of Gov. Pinchot is also open to doubt. et Standardizing automobile speed should call into consideration the fact that a competent driver can take 40 miles an hour on the open highway with more safety to himself and pub- lic than the moron can take 20. e California wishes Nature would hold her earthquakes out in the desert spaces where they would not annoy the realtors. +—n—s The Boston Disaster. In the collapse without warning of a building in Boston the other night two-score or more of people were killed and many others were injured. The structure was an old ene, for- merly a notel and latterly used as a rendezvous for merrymakers, a night club of dubious repute. The collapse came while the floor was filled with dancers. The conclusion is obvious that the vibration caused by the dancing of a large number of people precipitated the accident. It is indi- cated, however, that the building had been weakened by construction work in progress alongside. Had there been an official inspec- tion of this structure with reference to ts safe use for dancing purposes it would probably have been con- demned. Apparently, however, there was no such inspection. The city authorities permitted the place to be used as a dance hall despite its age and notwithstanding the weakening effect of the work next door. This is another instance of official failure, ) ‘which has heretofore cost many hun- dreds of lives in this country. Fire traps are permitted to be used long after their condition has been known to public authorities. Flimsy shells of buildings apve continued in service when their condition has been known or should have been known in municipal offices. Places of public assemblage have been al- lowed to be used with large attend- ance with inadequate exits and im- properly hung doors. Appeals are made from time to time to the people of this country to “prevent fire.” They are urged to safeguard against losses which may be lessened by carefulness and attention to small detalls of precau- tion. At the same time municipal authorities are extremely lax in per- mitting the maintenance of deadly conditions. This Boston case is an evidence. A building that would break down as did the old Pickwick Club in that citly must have been in a condition of such decrepitude that intelligent inspaction would have re- vealed its peril. If the inquest in this case goes to the root of the matter it will probably show the blame to lie upon some branch of the municipal government for per- mitting the continued use of an oid shell as\a dance hall. Buzz and His Master. There sare some activities in which a dog excels & man. There are men who can bark as loud as any dog, but it is rare that one meets a man who can bite as sincerely and whole- heartedly as a dog. One of the curious bits of news is that which tells of & man who bit his dog. The story goes that this misguided man—* his name was Kigger—got down on his hands and knees and growled and barked at his brindle bulidog Buzz. Buzz was not keenly interested in the game and Kigger, to make him take keener zest in the sport, seized Buzz by the back with his teeth and shook him. The master was only fooling, but he was playing at a game in which Buzz was more ex- pert than he. Kigger was out- classed. Most persons will under- stand Buzz's perplexity and misgiv- ing when he saw his master on all- fours. growling and then found him biting him in the back. Buzz ought to have known that his master was full of mirth and moonshine, but Buzz's sense of humor was over- taxed. He wanted to prove to Kigger that a bulldog with sound teeth is prepared against invasion. Kigger was taken to a hospital, the surgeons sewed him together and the police refused to take action against Buzz, holding that he acted in self-defense. —_————— There is a strong sentiment in favor of allowing the States to do their own policing in spite of the apparent willingness of the Attorney General's office at one time to provide sugges- tions and supervision for grand juries all over the map. vt Several French statesmen feel that their country owes America a debt of gratitude which money never can re. pay; which may be good sentiment, but, under the circumstances, scarcely regular finance. ———— The former desire of Col. Bryan to turn swords into plowshares does not prevent him from®whetting a rhetori- cal razor and going after the alleged ancestral monkey. B Flying machine service between Ja- pan and China may, if turbulent con- ditions continue, bring up questions of the open air instead of the open door. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Last Summer and This. Though some controversies rise As we struggle with the heat, We will view the Summer skies ‘With a sense of joy complete. We have heard no statesmen rave, Seeking for the Nation's good, As when Alabama gave “Twenty-four for Underwood!” “Will the battle soon be o'er?” Oft we queried with a sigh. Like the Raven's “Nevermore!" Came the merciless reply. Men are still contending strong, Frequently misunderstood, But we do not hear that song, “Twenty-four for Underwood!” Guarded Opinion. “Do you believe in the theory of evolution?” “No,” answered Senator Sorghum. ‘Because you consider it irrelig- ious?” ‘Not exactly. But at present it doesn’t seem to have any vote-getting popularity.” After.the Collision. The speedster murmured, “After all My wild race did not fail; He beat me to the hospital— T'll beat him to the jail! Jud Tunkins says there wouldn't be so much controversy if a man was re- quired to know all about science and religion before starting an argument. Explanation Desired. “Your bathing suit is a dream!” “Do you mean,” demanded Miss Cayenne, “because it appears so beau- titul or so unsubstantial?” After the Fourth, The fireworks were shown splendent array. ‘When folks were much less safe and sane than today. With danger we found it a pleasure to flirt And thought ourselves lucky if no one got hurt. 4 in re. The orators now whom we deeply ad- mire Cause the welkin to ring, but don't set it afire. . And when it's all over we proudly assert, “The occasion was grand, and nobody got hurt.” “Gimme words of one syllable,” said Uncle Eben. “Callin’ it ‘synthetic’ is ‘what done spolled de gin.” THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. The first performance of “The Sleep- ing Beauty” by the Estey Alley Stock Company was greeted raptuously yes- terday afternoon by a large audience which crowded the basement theater. All past presentations by this ex- cellent organization were outdone, the smoothness of the performance being in marked contrast to previous offer- ings, when friends of the players were forced to admit that greater care might have been taken in preparation. Credit for this improvement is freely accorded Ted, the playwright, man- ager, king, prince and several other excellent characters, including stage hand, scenic painter and wardrobe mistress. From the pencil-engraved invitations to the last scene which ended this fit- ful tragedy, “The Sleeping Beauty” was a thing of beauty and a joy for- ever. It was the latter because it recalled to the entire audience the “days of real sport,” when we were kids, too, and the land of make-believe was even more wonderful than the actual world. It was the former because the actors were just American children—the sort one finds everywhere in this broad land of purs; children with bright eyes, clean hair, good thoughts. Surely there were good fairies pres- ent at their birth, too (as well as on the play-stage), to usher them into the world endowed with one of the great- est blessings in life—good health. * ¥k % The admirable technique of the play- ers was shown to excellent advantage in the opening scene, which was dis- played as promptly as a pair of balky sliding curtains would permit. The king and queen were lament- ing their lack of children. “T wish we had a child,” said the queen, frankly. “Why is it we have never had a child?" asked the king, equally frank. “We should have a child,” returned the queen. “Every one should have a child,” retorted the king. The audience was quite convinced, by this time, that a child certainly was a necessity. Of course, how would it be possible to give “The Sleeping Beauty” if there were no beauty? Some dramatic critics there are who question this synchronization of the play-world with that of the actual world of which the audience is 2 part, but the present reviewer has broad views upon this matter. He has the broadest views. He is convinced that no audience, in any theater in the world, no mat- ter how lofty its ceiling, nor how great its players, is able to be any- thing but an agsregate of human beings. Divine art of the most celestial sort cannot so transport him that he will not be aware of the couple behind him who insist on telling each other the story of the play. The man who has eaten onions for dinner would recall the entranced spectator from whatever realms of fancy the thespelans evoked. The box party that comes in late would spoil the artistic endeavors of Bernhardt, Booth, Irving and Man- j tell rolled into one. | _The audience, in other words, can- not, and does not, get away from it- self. In the case under discussion, it knew, it realized explicitly, that a child was necessary before there could be a sleepy beauty. Much as a magician produces a rab- ‘While Americans were celebrating the day which marked the beginning of their own self-rule 143 vears ago. their neighbors on the south of the Rio Grande were revolting «gainst law and order in an outbreak of agra- rians to seize and expropriate the land of proprietors who had held title for centuries. So disturbing was the out- break in Chihuahua that the gover- {nor ordered out all State troops to protect property. * ook * Kellogg wrote a message, fully author- ized and indorsed by President Cool- This message was addressed American public, assuring all re concerned in Mexican invest- ments that the policies of Secretary of State Hughes, in the Harding and Coolidge administrations, would be continued. These policies were not new in diplomacy, especially not new in American administration, and they had even been accepted within the last two or three years by Mexico, after a conference precedent to our recog- nition of the Obregon government. Nor were the reiterated policies ultra- radical or revolutionary. There was not the slightest intent to “threaten” Mexico nor to forecast an interference | with her own sovereignity within her own jurisdiction. The message was a straightforward reiteration that Mexico would be re- quired to deal justly and lawfully in protecting the rights of American in- vestors. There was reference to the unsettled conditions in that country, and to the possibility of rebellion of certain factions politically opposed to the governnwent. There was express- ed a friendly hope that the disturbed conditions might be speedily settled, sand the danger of revolutionary un- rest might be answered by the Mexi- can federal government. It was hoped by America that we might be of friendly assistance, but it was plain- Iy stated that such co-operation would be impossible if the government of Mexico failed to respect the vested rights of American citizens. Following that assertion of Amer- ica's position as to our Government’s interest in our own citizens, there came a fiery retort from President Calles, denouncing Secretary Kellogg and his Government in language which perhaps aroused nationalism among President Calles’' " followers, just as was once the enthusiasm in America when a politiclan “twisted the British lion’s tail.” ‘Was President Calles cowed by the mighty Gringo Nation? No, he says so himself. * K K x It is assumed in Washington that the Calles attitude is mere politcal by- play for its home effect. It is also recognized that Mexico cannot be judged by the same standards of civi- lization as those of the United States and most of Europe. She is the prod- uct of 400 years of class tyranny, of peonage and dense illiteracy, of fre- quent revolutions and political assassi- nations which are justified by Mexican standards as for the good of the party which needs to overturn the govern- ment in power. And, finally, that it is but a short time since Dictator Diaz was driven from power by another dictator. Brigandage and anarchy have scarcely yet given rest, and now comes sovietism and socialis- tic agrarianism and growing radical ism. In the 10 years’ war following the fall of Diaz, the isfue was the demand of the agrarians—the peasants, more commonly known as peons—to possess the land. Mexico had been, since the conquest by Cortez, a land of immense estates. In Yucatan, one man held 5,000,000 acres. He farmed but a small part; the rest lay idle and un- developed. One man owned an estate 40 miles in diameter, which included Orizaba Mountain and the rich valleys at its base, but ‘3&.‘"“ a uml ha- cienda compared many others. Afew days ago Secretary of State | bit from a high hat, the baby made its appearance. An evil fairy made her entry then. In this role Helen made a distinct hit, dividing honors with the sleeping beauty, whom she later was to impersonate as of 16 years. The fact that the old witch had lost the latter half of her skirt, and stood forth in a nifty pair of bloomers, but added to the excitement of the drama, now entering into its exciting portion. The evil fairy cursed the child with a terrible curse, declaring that when she was 16 years old she would prick her finger with a needle and die. May, the good fairy, wafted in, a 4-year-old fairy of this world if there ever was one, her bright bobbed hair shining like the sun, her eyes blue like violets, her voice like angels’ serenade. She declared that she could not undo what her elder sister had done, but gave the child a blessing of sleep for 100 years, until released by the kiss of the fairy prince. “‘Come here, May,” said her mother. “Your wings are out of place.” The good fairy patiently waited until the audience ld!;uted her wings. * Ok k% ‘Where was the sleeping beauty? Sixteen years had gone by, but the heroine was nox-existent. The baby doll still slumbered on a chair, for all the world as it had years ago, when the fairies presided; but the grown beauty was strangely lacking. “Where is she?’ whispered the queen. ““That’s what I would like to know,"” answered Ruth. “She will be here in a minute,” volunteered the prince—playwright— King—Manager—Stagehand — Painter —Costumer. “She is changing from the evil fairy to the sleeping beauty.” The players showed excellent re- straint at this critical junction. In- stead of Jiggling around, as many com- panies might, the members of the cast used up their time in the wait by eye- ing the audience calmly. It must be confessed that there were several and sundry giggles heard especially on the part of the audience, but in the main the trying situation was handled adequately, with a fine sense of discrimination. If the reader does not know exactly what the above sentence means, I may reply that he is no worse off than he is when reading most dra- matic reviews. Beauty, Beauty, Beguty The door to the coal bin opened, and out popped the long-lost Princess. She was all ready, now, to proceed with the work of pricking her finger with the bare bodkin, which she did with a will, immediately falling into a swoon. Lamentations of Greek drama were outdone, as the Sleeping Beauty began her long, long sleep by the side of the baby which she was 16 years pre- viously. What needs there to tell of the suc- ceeding scenes, especially to that triumphant one in which the Prince kissed the lady's hand, woke her from her sleep, and announced that he loved her? “I love you, too,” Beauty, awake at last. hesitation here. swiftly, joyously. the Prince. “I the Princess. Just like that! Then the curtains went together, and audience and players trooped out into the back yard to enjoy the real world spread out before us all. who has the responded the There was no Love triumphed “I love you,” said love you, too,” said BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. were slaves. They were feudal prop- erty of the lords of the land, forbidden by law and by magisterial commit- ment from leaving the land without the consent of the proprietor—the owner being the magistrate. The pre- tense was that the peon was in debt to the proprietor, and that debt must be paid before he would be permitted to depart. The present law does not recognize slavery, but it does forbid a debtor to leave his proprietor without dis- charging his debt—and the owner sees to it that such discharge Ys not made. Generation after generation of peons, therefore, remain on the same hacien: da, receiving ridiculously small pay and never able to rise out of their dependency. When the agrarians undertook to overthrow the ®iaz government, it was pledged that if the progressives gained control, a new division of the land would be made, and that the vast acres would be divided. The new con- stitution of 1917 so provided that the great estates should be taken over by the government, and paid for with state bonds or money, and then sold on long terms to the former peons Also the constitution provided that thereafter all oil and minerals which ‘were at that date still in the ground should be the property of the state. * % k X It is recognized that Mexicans are unquestionably within their rights in making and adopting whatever con- stitution they want, except that they have no right to confiscate property belonging to foreigners without paying a fair price for it. Mere promises to pay in the future—when similar pledges are notoriously neglected—are not satisfactory when actual property is seized. Yet, it is charged by Secre- tary Kellogg (and the charges are based upon reports from Ambassador Sheffield), that much land and oil have been confiscated by the Mexican gov- ernment for which no settlement has been made. Two years ago—just before the United States granted recognition to the Obregon government—there was a conference between official representa- tives of the two goveraments for the purpose of arriving at a settlement of the question of Mexico's seizure of American property. At that confel ence the Mexicans “explained” th: in all cases where the property had been acquired prior to the adoption of the 1917 constitution, it was recog- nized as not being subject to expro- priation for division. In all cases where title dated since the new con- stitution the property would be taken, the same as it owned by a Mexican citizen, but it would be paid for at 10 per cent advance over the appraised valuation for taxing. Americans al- lege that this distinction has not been maintained, and that, furthermore, when their property has been seized— elther oil land or hacienda—it has not been paid for. *H X K There is no intimation that leads to any fear of military enforcement of American rights. In modern practice there are other ways of maintaining international justice which must be exhausted first. International bank- ers now refrain from giving credits to foreign governments without the approval of the state department. of their own/ country. If American finance be closed to Mexico her in- terest on foreign bonds will not be met and her credit will be sacrificed. While we ‘‘recnogized” Mexico two years ago, that action was based on her construction of the safety of in- vestment; if now she repudiates such a pledge that recognition may be re- versed. With such withdrawal by the United States would come similar ac- tion by France and other countrie: England has pot yet recognized Mex- ico, for the same reason as that which now disturbs confidence in America. opyradt, 1925, by Pasl To Qoline) ‘What ls»Ev_olulion ? By Lemuel F. Parton. VL Prof. Willlam A. Craigie of Oxford University, great English lexico- grapher, said recently he belleved America was entering a period of in- tellectual vitality and creativeness comparable to the Elizabethan era in England. The widespread and pro- found interest in the Dayton evolution trial, with other signs of cultural and intellectual ferment, lend interest to this conjecture. An objective view of the modernist-fundamentalist con- troversy, the evolution battle, the un- misfakable cerebral agitation among American undergraduates, and the in- creasing public interest in various re- condite matters, such as the Einstein theory, might well lead to speculation as to whether America is entering an intellectual renaissance. One is reminded of Europe in the days of Voltaire. Controversialists then, even when the argument in- volved such fine-spun and purely aca- demic considerations as the opposed theories of Descartes and Newton, often had to jump across the border to keep out of jail. Ideas seemed im- portant then. They seem increasingly important in America today. Life would hold a new and colorful interest if the press should announce some morning that Herbert Hoover had fled to Canada because his treatise on the branchiostigae had been found to be at_variance with the administration policy. Of course, it will never come to that. but none will deny that when a dis- cussion of evolution can get space comparable to the total lineage of the Dempsey-Carpentfer fight, there is hope for the intelléctual salvation of America. Held As Worthy Opponents. Jo Davidson, the great American sculptor, once did a remarkable head of Clarence Darrow. There is an in- teresting duality in the face, On one side it is the face of the humanist; on the other the face of the alert and dangerous antagonist. This dual- ity is revealed when Darrow is in action. He Is shuffing, humorous, kindly, friendly and disarming; then, when the real issue is revealed, and there is a flash of sword play, he lashes out with the devastating stroke which has made him the champion of forlorn hopes. It is not easy to get cotemporary figures into the epic settings in which posterity may place them. Darrow will probably snap his suspenders as he turns some epigram or rounds out some searching argument which may point one of the greatest debates in American history. It will be hot in the little courtroom and Mr. Bryan will appear as a ponderable, benign elderly gentleman, with a palm leaf fan and a seersucker coat, busy mop- ping his forehead and taking notes. But Bryan is sure to make some epochal “contributions to the contro. versial literature of religious and legal fundamentallsm. His abilities are not confined to the mellifluous and oracular; he is subtle and skilled in all the artifice of debate; he knows how to deliver a swift and unerring blow; he believes in his cause with deep Messianic conviction. It is conceivable that some day the opposed partisans—for there will prob. ably be such in al] the some days to come—will erect statues to Mr. Dar- row and Mr. Bryan. They will be suave, and benign, no doubt; Darrow will not be snapping his suspenders and Bryan will not be mopping his forehead or working his palm leaf fan. The Dayton courtroom may live in history like the Plains of Abraham, or Flodden Field. It is difficult for us to realize all this now. but it is true that the spotlight of .the centuries is turned on Dayton. The main street of Dayton reaches far out in the world ‘and far down into the cen- turies; this trial denotes an age-old cleavage of humanity: once again it {s the alignment of the ancient will to believe against the equally ancient will to know. Both Well Prepared. It is interesting to note that Darrow is a lay-scientist, and that Bryan is a lay-religionist. The greatest battles of evolution in the past have been fought by scientists on the one hand and dignitaries of the church on the other. But both Bryan and Darrow will bring to the encounter highly specialized abilities. For many yvears. Darrow'’s chief preoccupation has been science, and he has been a member of a group of the University of Chicago engaged in various branches of scientific research, chief among which were evolution and modern psychology. Mr. Bryan, bringing many university degrees in his train, may also be assumed to have gone deeply into the essentials of evolu- tionary theory. He is also thoroughly grounded in the fundamentals of re- ligious orthodoxy. This will be no loose and ill-informed discussion. Judge’s Duty Outlined. The judge will have to look sharply to the requirements of relevancy. if they get to discussing Herbert Spencer they will be led into a_debate on good and evil, as derived from the evolutionary teaching: Buffon's paleontology would raise the whole question of the validity of the induc- tive as opposed to the deductive method; So endless are the ramifica- tions of evolutionary theory that it is conceivable the questions of in- tegrations of social units, and the progress toward homogeneity could end in a debate on State’s rights and Federal centralization. Never before has a judge faced such difficult re- quirements on ruling on the ever re- curring “incompetent, irrelevant and immaterial.” In fact, if you follow out these by-ways far enough, there is nothing that is irrelevant to this discussion. In this series an effort has been made to sketch in rough outline with the limited space available, what the theory of evolution is, what its ante- cedents are, where it falls short in considerations of ultimate causation, and why it is important on the think- ing, the morals, the cultural. the eco- nomic and the social alignments of today. Fire Horse Picture ‘Was a Masterpiece To the Editor of The Star; The photograph of the “last run" of the three white horses printed in The Sunday Star of June 21 is a great masterplece and should be en- larged and issued in some permanent form. Photography may not be of itself a fine art, but it is a means of recording permanently masterpieces of composition, beauty and power that otherwise would remain unre- corded—indeed, impossible of record. Please, If you think it worth while, indicates my appreciation of this splendid achievement to the staff of The Star, to the photographer and to the Fire Department. ‘W. H. HOLMES, Director National Gallery of Art. Not Always Safe. From the Pittsburgh Chronicle-Index. A cynical old bachelor says that “Stop, Look and Listen” mey be a safety sign when it refers to trains, but if one stops and looks at a pretty woman there is danger that he may have to listen to her later on. Both in for Censure. From the Baltimore Sun. The great problem is distribution. There is always trouble when both drivers select the same half of the ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Q. at State has the most cities?— W.S. G A. The State of Pennsylvania has more towns or cities of a population exceeding 5,000 than any other State. Q. How do migratory birds be- have if moved to other countrie: H. F. 0. A. The Biological Survey says that when migratory birds are removed to some section not native to them, they usually disappear after the first sea-| son. They do not become acclimated, and whether they die from lack or food or get lost, or are lost during mi- | Experiments | gration is not known. that have been conducted show that removing birds of the strictly mi- gratory type from their native haunts | has not been successful. Q. Player knocks ball out of lot and national banks as lawful reser Gold certificates are receipts for ac tual deposits of gold in the Treasury and are redeemable in gold coin by the treasurer and all assistant treas- urers of the United States. Q. What became of Simon Girty, the white man who lived among the Indians and took an active part in their cruelties toward the whites?” E. J. K. A, simon spent the last {the Canadian He died in Girty, the renegrade vears of his life across border near Detroit. 1818, Q. What is the yellow stain on the | fingers of cigarette smokers?—J. A. M. A. The vellow stain which appears |on the fingers of cigarette smokers is due to the products of combustion { of the tobacco. It camnot be defined Why does he have to run around the bases?—W. E. M. C. A. " Because he must touch all the bags and cross the home plate order to score. Q. Do we have any nental railroads?—A. V. L. A. The Bureau Railway Economics trapsconti says that the Union Pacific Railroad | is known in the United States as the first transcontinental railroad. It is transcontinental in the sense that it was the first Pacific_coast railroad to connect with the Eastern lines at Omaha. The only nental railroad on this continent is the Canadian Pacific, which travels from coast to coast on its own ralls. Q. Was Mary dian?—W. H. A. Mary Jamieson was a white woman born of Irish parentage on the high seas, when her parents were emigrating to this country about Revolutionary times or earlier, and settled near Lancaster, Pa. Her par- ents and brother and sister were massacred by the Indians and she was taken into captivity, when very young. Indian, who died shortly were married. Indian and had many children, many descendants of whom are still living. At one time there was an exchange mieson an In after they of Indians and captives and she mizht | have come back to the white people, but she preferred to stay with her Indian husband and children Q. What are the terminal points of the Lincoln Highwayv?—J. H. W A. New York City and San F cisco. n Q. What is the highest Europe’—H. C. L. A. The highest point Mount ElI Bruz in 18,465 feet. point in in Europe is the Caucasus, Q. What causes the chill and fever of the man with malaria’—W. F. A. When the infected red blood cells break up they liberate not only the bunch of daughter parasites, but small amount of poison which parasites have formed. When a large number of them do this at the same time, it causes the chill and fever which occurs just after the cells break down. It has been estimated that at least 150,000 parasites must divide at the same time to liberate enough poison to produce a chill— generally many times more than this. a Q. How deep is the St. Lawrence Canal to be?—M. T. A. The engineers who are going to work on this project will consider a 30-foot depth, since that is what is re. quired by the big ocean liners. Q. Can boats dock at Liverpool any time or must they wait for the tide? —J. McC. A. The Liverpool docks can receive the largest vessels, but owing to great difference of tides, they can be opened only for a short time at high water. Q. What should a cat be fed’— L.J A. The question as to the proper food for a cat depends entirely upon the age of the cat in question. After being weaned, for the first two or P three weeks nothing but milk should | be given, then gradually add cooked | vegetables of all kinds, mixing bread with them whenever possible. Meat gravies may be fed over potatoes and other vegetables when the cat is from 6 weeks to 2 months old. At the age of 2 months, a small amount of thoroughly cooked meat, minced fine, may be given once a day. Raw meat should never be given house cats. Q. Can gold certificates always be exchanged for gold?—J. P. A. Gold certificates were made legal tender December 24, 1919, and are receivable for all public dues and when so received may be reissued, and they may be held by Federal Reserve Results of Dry in | true transconti- | Later she married a young | She married again an| the | chemically. | Q. What 20l kA The Maguey or ve plant |is an evergreen succulent plant in | digenous to Florida, Mexico and other { parts of tropical America, cultivated | chiefly for hedges. The leaves, roots and stalks of the Agave contaln | saponin and are used in Mexico in place of soap. Agave gum has been | compared to gum arabic but differs | in containing much larger proportions of lime and in being only partially | soluble in water. is a Maguey plant?— | Q- Is it possible to see hoth the | Atlantic and Pacific Oceans from | point in Panama’—D. T | A. There is a hill in Zone near the old town | now abandoned, from oceans can be seen At trail was built up this platform on a 20-foot tower was erected on the top. Hundreds of Americans have climbed it The ele- vation of the top is 1,149 feet above sea levl. There was a local legend that it was from this hill that Balboa first saw the Paciflc, and it is com monly known as Balboa Hill. As a matter of fact, Balboa crossed the Isthmus in the Darien region more {than 100 miles to the southeast of the canal any the Canal f Gorgona which one time a hill, and a bot Q. What is “Bob” veal’—M. B | A. It is the flesh of the calf, either | newly born or of an animal under 9 | months of age. It is indigestible and its sale illegal Q. What is the largest inland body | of water in Michigan7—W. L A. It is the Houghton Lake. “Fish |erman’s Paradise,” noted for wall eves, bass, perch and muskellunge Q. Will the in the Eastern A. Commercial success in growing English walnut is found only in south- {ern California. In the Eastern States, so far as present data show, it = | be said that the Persfan walnut flou grow walnut is found, and under favoi conditions on some others. Sar | loams, clay loams and gravely loams, |if not too open, are suitable for the growth of this tree. - Q. What is the significance of the little light which burns above the tomb of Mumtaz-I-Mahal in the Taj Mahal”—R. E. W. A. It is a lamp which the late Lord Curzon, with special permission | placed in the Taj Mahal in memory |of his wife, the former vicerene o | India. Q. Why called’—R. E. S. A. Tt received this name from the fact that the public beacon was placed upon its summit. Later the hill was reduced in height and the State House occupies its highest po- sition. Q. 1Is there a red-headed —A.E.R A. The Biological Survey there is no such bird. Both the lark sparrow and the chipping sparrow | have chestnut-red heads. These spe | cies are known as song sparre s Beacon Hill s Boston, =o sparrow? vs that The Star Informa n Bureau swers questions in @ hundred science, business, politics. ment, history, the houschold and as | many other phases of daily lite as you | may care to add. It is impossihic ‘mukc a complete enumeration of su | jects, giving an adequate idea of the | scope and range in which the burean can serve you. All questions are an | swered in a reliable and authoritat way—by referring them to erpert What do you want to know? What question can the bureaw answer for you? There is no charge for service ezcept 2 cents in stamps to cover the | return postage. Address The star In- formation Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washington, D. C. Shake-Up ficlds Gover Still Matter of Conjecture Critical eves have beep turned on dry enforcement activifies of the Government under the new plan that is to go into effect the first of next month. Division of the country into 22 districts coextensive with areas of Federal judicial districts, desre- garding State bounds, arouses much speculation as to results. Many ap- prove of the Government plan fo at- tack sources of supply, leaving local bootleggers to State officers. “We are about to learn.” s New York Evening Post, “whether or not prohibition will prevent. We shall soon know how many men and how much money and equipment will be necessary. We are about to determine whether public opinion fa- vors or opposes genuine enforce- ment and if the taxpayer is willing to pay the bill” The Pittsburgh Gazette-Times holds that “there is no reason for questioning that the new plan as a whole, being energet- ically carried out, will reduce boot- legging to the podsible minimum.” Expressing no opinion as to whether or not the law can be enforced, the San Francisco Bulletin believes that “there is room for common sense in enforcement, and if the Government withdraws from the retail to confine itself to the wholesale business in re- gard to prosecution, there may be a decided gain.” From a similar stand- point, the Springfield. Mass., Repub- lican considers that “under the new organization the enforcement officers should play the bases with less lost motion.” the % Conditions on the Mexican border are cited by the Fort Worth Star-Tel- egram, which suggests that “a more workable plan seems to have been provided,” and that ‘‘a force alive to the complexities of the problem can operate to greatly discourage activ- ities” of the smugglers. Doubt as to the effectiveness of the plan, on the other hand, is expressed by the St. Joseph News-Press, which asserts that “there is a serious ques- tion if under the most favorable con- ditions Volsteadism in its present form will solve the liquor question.” “The new plan may make enforce- ment more effective in the more heavily populated centers,” in the Jjudgment of the Little Rock Arkansas Democrat, but “‘the adult of today will not live to see the time when the Na- tion will be as dry as some enthu- siasts declare it is today, for the rea- son that such enforcement is a physi- cal impossibility.” Praise for Assistant Secretary An- drews ““for having the courage and energy and honesty to tackle the job with his sleeves rolled up” is given hy tw&—mx}wpbhmh. That | paper. however, states that “any | of enforcing prohibition will en that seemingly insurmoun stacle of an adverse or indifferent puh lic sentiment.” The Salt Lake City News, however, believes that the new system is a step in the direction of making enforcement more effective predicting the weeding out of officials who have not “the strength or the | courage to withstand alluring offers af Dbootleggers and others to wink at vio. lations of law.” | A review of general conditions by |the Tampa Times concludes with the | statement that “it is apparent that prohibition has come to stay a long time yet—if not permanently. * ok % % Certain improvements under the new plan are recognized by the Christian Science Monitor, which finds indlcations that ‘no longer will there be any great conflict among those who are directing Federal activities, and no longer will inefficient or prejudiced State officials be able to hinder the efforts of honest administrators of the law." The Jersey City Journal feels that “Assistant Secretary An drews, who did so much to hit the jrum fleet off the New Jersey coast a solar plexus blow, is obviously the man to head the reorganized enforce. ment forces.” Recognizing the many temptations “to unfaithfulness in the performance of sworn duties.” the Columbus Dispatch, urges that “in his efforts to put the service on a high | standara of morals and efficiency. Mr Andrews deserves the positive and u divided support of good citizens. “The change of Federal prohibition districts to conform with judicial dis- ticts,” the Canton News states, “‘will do much to facilitate court procedure. There remains, however, the challenge of the States and municipalities which must be met if the newer plan is to be more effective.” Enforcement of the law “as a high duty” is expected of Col. Andrews by the Charleston, C., Post, which continues: “Prohit tion must go through the stage of actual enforcement or demonstration of the impossibility of enforcement. If that stage is about to be entered upon, there will be general satisfac- tion ong good and intelligent citi- zen: No_possibility of success is seen by the Baltimore Evening Sun, whose opinion is that no good wlil come of the plan “for any one save the poli- ticlans and those who 1 get the jobs.” The Sun adds that “experience Seems to indicate that no matter what type of men are chosen for work in connection with Volsteadism, they soon or late become contgmi- plan ounter ble ob-