Evening Star Newspaper, June 13, 1925, Page 6

[ o THE THE EVENING STAR|Ppeid for itself in 10 years and proved | retary and sergeantatarms. Yet on With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. BATURDAY.......June 13, 1925 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company 11th S Bu‘(lln!;. Om‘evem‘. Ave. b e ork’ Gfice °;';1“5’ axd Sana st Chicako ce: Tower Buil 3 Buropean Offce: 18 Regent St.. London, England. The Evening Star, with the Sunday morn- fng edition. is delivered by carriers within the city at 60 cents per month: daily only, centa per month: Sunday only. 20 cents month. Orders may be sent by mail or lephone Main 5000. Collection is made by carrier at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. FU and Sunday. ...l yr. $8.40:1 mo. ily only . . 1¥r. 8600 1 mo. unday only J1yr.$2.40i Lmo.. All Other States. Iv and Sunday...1sr.$10.00:1 mo §mv oniy . 31 $7.00: 1 mo.l §0c lunday only 1yr. $3.00:1mo. %3¢ Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dis- Baiphies grrdited to 1t or not otherwise cred, in’ this paper and also the loc Feif. All rights of publication reserved. ppblished herein of special dispatches herein are also Serving Notice on Mexico. Secretary Kellogg's statement serv- tng notice on the Calles government of Mexico that it can expect the sup- port of the United States Government *only so long as it protects American ltves and rights” and complies with its international obligations and engage- ments, comes in the nature of @ sur- prise to the country For no sign of unusual strain between the govern- ments at Washington and Mexico City has recently appeared, and no specific exceptional cases of injustice to American rights in Mexico have bacome public. There are pending al- ways, of course, complaints of im- positions and claims for damages aris- ing from disregard of proprietary rights and contract privileges, but no flagrant instances have lately come to light, Hence the conclusion is inevita- ble that the State Department is aware of conditions in Mexico that are cause for concern. The hint is pointedly conveyed in the Secretary's statement that the situation is unsatisfactory in Mexico. It s evident that some apprehension 18 felt that another revolution move- ment may be impending. Secretary Kellogg says on this subject: “I very much hope this is not true.” Yet it is plain from the text of the statement that the Secretary of State puts Mex- ico on warning that the United States will support the established govern- ment in that country only so long as American rights and lives are pro- tected. Particular significance is to be at- tached to the formal statement issued yesterday, inasmuch as it comes on the eve of the departure of Ambas- sador Sheffield for his post after a leave of absence. Usually diplomatic tnstructions are not communicated to the public. In this case, however, what may be regarded as a transcript of the Instructions given to the Ambassador has been spread not only before this country but before Mexico as well. This is an unusual proceeding, and it must be accepted that it is actuated by an unusual condition. The universal hope in this country 1s that no trouble will develop in Mex- ico, or between Mexico and the United States. The establishment of the Obregon government, after a long perfod of turmoil and change, was welcomed here, and the success of that government was viewed with general satisfaction as indicating that Mexico had at last conquered the dis- orders incessant since the passing of Porforio Diaz. The election of Calles as Obregon’s successor in a peaceful balloting was taken furthermore as an additional sign of established tranquil- lity. Tt comes, therefors, with a shock to perceive in the present unprecedent- ed pronouncement of the State Depart- ment a sign that these hopes are not tully justified. r———— Eminent Chinese statesmen refuse to admit that they are influenced by bolshevism. They insist that the sit- uation relates to the anclent retribu- tlon awaiting the grafter who has overplayed his hand. RS- The scientists engaged in the devel- opment of lethal devices for warfare have not as vet suffered the disturb. ance experienced by those engaged in more general and speculative lines of study. — - The monkey as a direct ancestor is now regarded as a myth. Perhaps he was the original Santa Claus. e —r————————— In time it may be deemed expedient to send the rescue party in advance to wait for the polar exploration party. —— e ‘Warren S. Stone. Born on a farm in Towa in 1860, Warren S. Stone during his boyhood wished to become a surgeon. His father wanted him to study law. The 1ad ultimately went to work as a fire- man on the Rock Island Railroad Such fs the way of boyhood ambitions and paternal aspirations. But Warren 8. Stone was not of the kind to re main always in the ranks of the in dustrial workers. He possessed un- usual qualities. He was diligent and intelligent in his work and won pro- motion to the throttle. As engineer he was faithful and skilled. But again he was gifted with a vision for greater usefulness, and he identified himself actively with the movement in organi- zation of his craft, becoming a mem- ber of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and rising in that associa- tion through “local” office to the post of president, or grand chief, in 1903. He was then still “in the cab” of his engine. Since then he has been one of the outstanding figures in the world of | organized labor.’ Yesterday Warren S. Stone died in Qleveland, a mighty power in- labor and finance. For chiefly through his guldance his organization has entered into business operations, and he has demonstrated a capacity for large con- structive financial enterprise that has carried his brotherhood far afield and has wrought a material and a most wholesome change in the relations of the workers and capital. He promoted first the construction of a great bufld- ing &s headquarters for the brother- Bbood, so ekillfully managed that it a most profitable investment. He planned and perfected the organization of a brotherhood bank which has been one of the marked financial successes of this country. As a result of these achlevements his organization at the time of his death is rated as pos sessing interests worth over $150,- 000,000. But not alone in the matter of busi- ness success for his co-workers in the engine cabs of American railroads has Warren §. Stone achieved success. He had a remarkably clear concept of the obligations of organized labor, and he steadfastly preached and practiced the doctrine of co-operation. He strove naturally for advantages and better- ments for his associates, but he al- ways held true to the principle that organization entaliled obligations, and as a result he possessed the confidence not only of his own following but of the railroad owners and managers. The establishment under Warren S. Stone’s inspiration of financial insti- tutions and operating corporations by the Brotherhood of Locomotive En- gineers has been an achievement that makes for the substantial and the per- manent betterment of the interests of labor through the stabilizing of re- lationships between workers and em- ployers. He has done a more valuable work for American progress, as a citi- zen, than if he had followed the wishes of his father or his own boyhood de- sire and gone into one of the profes- sions. He has left a monument of great success and has written his name large in American history. ——— An Early Start for 1928. Articles of incorporation have been filed at Denver by three prominent Democrats of that city for the “Alfred E. Smith for President in 1928 Club.” This is a prompt reaction to the speech of Senator Copeland at Kansas City the other night in which he urged that the members of the Democratic party abstain from personal booms and indorsements in an effort to get together on true Democratic princi- ples. “Smith for President” clubs may be expected now as a matter of course, with this Denver example thus set. And, of course, McAdoo clubs may be likewise expected, for it i not think- able that the followers of the Califor- nian, who led the voting at Madison Square Garden for more than 100 bal- lots, will not accept the challenge. In- deed, the McAdoo organization is al- effected, a “left-over” from the pre-convention campaign of 1924. There is every reason for its continua- tion unless a country-wide agreement is had to drop all old candidates and start afresh for 1928. There is noth- ing In ythe political history of the country, however, to warrant expec- tation of such Utopian harmon The organization of candidate clubs makes more difficult the task of those who are now undertaking to reorgan- ize and harmonize the party for 1928. Partisanship must be overcome, but it is hard to suppress it for the sake of an intangible. If the harmonizers and unifiers could produce, a prospective candidate for 1928 attractive enough to draw to a single standard the Smith following and the McAdoo following as well as the various “favorite son" followings, thelr way would be com- paratively smooth. The formation of 1928 clubs” must give them grave concern. ———— The Chinese are depicted as a nation of opium users. As a matter of fact the drug users are, no doubt, in a very limited and easily controlled minority. No nation is dominated by its boot- leggers, whether they deal In poppy products or synthetic gin. ———— No great city fully appreciates in Winter the need of bathing beaches, nor in Summer the necessity of pro- viding means for cleaning snow off the streets. The problems of unpre- paredness are local as well as na- tional. B Uncle Sam is naturally regarded by Europe as a little unsociable merely because he does not happen to share at this time the widespread experience of being short of funds. — e China may have deemed it desirable to offer some vigorous demonstration to counteract the impression that her chief interests lie in the direction of opium and mah-jong. e ———— 3 By reducing the amount of his tips Harry Thaw may yet enable himself to take a trip to New York without creating nation-wide agitation. ———s. Clarence Darrod's agitation would almost seem to imply that friend Chimpanzee was in some way threat- ened with capital punishment. ———. : If Canada is in earnest about an- nexing the North Pole, her realtors ought to organize an exploring expe- ditfon. T The high school “frats” apparently see no hope of fraternizing with the Board of Education. —————————— The Poets’ Organization. Some of our citizens are so indif- ferent to verbal harmonies and so lacking in knowledge of the anclent art of poetry that they have not heard of the Poetry Society of America. It is not likely that so numerous a body as the poets could get along in the United States without an organization, be- cause the organization impulse is strong with the American people. No other nation requires so many so- cleties, clubs, councils and assoclations as ours, nor can the citizens of any other country join so many things and be elected to so many titles as an American. Organization is one of our great industries. It employs the time and energy of more persons than the steel, textile, automobile and radio in- dustries combined. The wages paid by the organization industry are not so large as that paid by the united build- ing trades, but the total of dues paid is enormous. Space for listing the clubs and associations of the United. States could be found only in & Gov- ernment report. Some may have thought that poets were too busy with daffodils, sunsets and the muses to go in for organiza- tion, and that they were a class of immortals 8o high that they could not stoop to such commonplaces as re- cording secretary, corresponding sec- the evidence of the news American poets have an organization. The mem- bership is not named in the public re- ports, but if all eligibles are within the fold it is a milllon—nay, ten million— strong. A dispatch to The Star tells of ‘an annual meeting of a poets' State society, a branch of the national so- clety, and of the election of officers. There is no hint at this time that the national organization of poets will in- sist on $12 a day for six hours writing, with pay and a half for overtime writ- ing. It may be believed that when the true journeyman poet sets himself to the Job of doing a piece of work about the petals of a rose or the eyes of a maid he will not leave the job to go home for his tools, and will not knock off in the middle of a stanza when the 12 o'clock whistle blows. It Is un- derstood that one of the praiseworthy objects of the poets’ association is pro- duction of better poetry. There are many persons glad to help them in such a desirable aim. ———— Sex No Factor in Lawbreaking. No question whatever should be en- tertained as to the propriety of the court-martial of two women, naval nurses, on charges of violating the liquor laws. The accusation is that these women were engaged in boot- legging. If they are guilty their sex should not shield them. The statutes and the naval regulations are ex- plicit. Members of the naval organi- zation who break the laws and the rules should be punished, not merely for the sake of the prestige of the laws and the rules, but for the example to be set for one of the Government's own agencies. Respect for the law by the public at large is weakened by examples of lawbreaking by members and ser- vants of the Government. No matter how humble their positions, all who wear the uniform, men or women, should be scrupulous in their resgect for and obedience to the statutes. There is no place in either the mili- tary or the naval organization for those who violate their caths in even so0 relatively small a matter as minor bootlegging. A single {mportation marks the spirit of disobedience and should be punished. Thess women will be glven a fair trial. If the charge is proved against them they should be treated precisely as any other member of the Govern- ment’s forces guilty of neglect of duty or positive lawbreaking. If they are proved innocent they should be ab- solved in the most public way of the charges that have been brought against them. ———— Bolshevists would like to take credit for the soclal agitation in China. As a matter of fact it is unlikely that one Chinese in ten thousand has been able to find a word in his particular dialect that conveys the precise meaning of the word ‘bolshevism.” And those who may have done so have attained a degres of information not accessible to the average citizen of the world in general. R It is stated that Henry Ford de- clines to ride in an airship. After his experience with a ‘“‘peace ship” he may be pardoned for exercising personal discretion with reference to transportation facilities of his own promotion. N Two former Secretaries of State will be engaged in the evolution con- troversy, Col. Bryan and Mr. Colby. The demolition of Madison Square Garden will not prevent an interesting controversy among eminent members of the Democratic party. e It was an evident oversight not to persuade China to interest herself in a disarmament plan. ————————— Dr. Cook says he thinks Amundsen is safe. At any rate, Dr. Cook is, r—.— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. “Down With Science!” Away with all them Scientists ‘Who agitate the mind! "Most every one o' them insists On hints that are unkind. Their studious toll they freely give— ‘Tain’t business, 1 say! They try to tell us how to live And keep the germs away, But Science calls for heaps of soap And lots of self-restraint And studious patience, in the hope Of silencing complaint. 1 don't propose my brain to fret ‘With all them highbrow terms. I like the ways in which I'm set And ain't afeard of germs. Discreet Forbearance. *Are you going to help change the Senate rules?” “I don't know,” answered Senator Sorghum. *“I have been accustomed for many years to enjoy courteous quietude in my own particular place in the Senate chamber. I'm not going to help promote unrest concerning the regulations, so long as there is no movement to interfere with my park- ing privilege.” Vacation Time. A Summer rest the students need. But modern education Makes Teacher Dear the one, indeed, ‘Who earns a long vacation. Jud Tunkins says folks used to con- ceal their bare legs, but now they con- ceal their bootlegs. Courage Lacking. “Why don't you wear demure clothes like your grandmother did?"” ‘'We might,” answered Miss Cay- enne, “if grandma herself had nerve enough to set the example.” An Elusive Term, This “bolshevist” scare May appear anywhere. It travels the lands and the seas. In Russian we met The word with regret And now we must study Chinese. “Some folks,” said Uncle Eben, “is attachin’ too much importance to what dey belleves and not enough to bow dey-behaves.” { ment: THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. “Throw those ugly-looking things away,” the gardener was advised, as we came to the foxgloves, when tak- ing stock of the garden last Fall. In truth .they did look good-for- nothing. Huyge cahbage-like leaves shrouded the base of the stalk, some of them having turned brown, others vellow, some still remaining green. The plants were not more than a foot high then. They survived the Winter, however, remaining green all through, and this Spring began to &row. Today they are the pride of the garden, these floral stones which we Wwould have had the gardener reject. They are the very corner stone, as it were, of the early Summer garden, as they stand 5 feet high, their stately racemes of white, rose and lavender bells swaving in the wind Fairy bell s a little known name for the foxglove, but it is a very good one, indeed, when one considers the bell-shaped flowers on their long spike, each bell being Inverted, spotted with purple inside. Other names for this plant, com- monly classed as a biennial, or short- lived perennial, are fairy finger, finger flower amd finger root, al- though these are practically never used in this country. The curlosity-provoking name, fox- glove, comes from the Anglo-Saxon, foxesglofa, probably given to the flower because some poetical wight imagined that foxes wore the bells on thelr paws. The sclentific name is digitalis, so given, according to Linnaeus, from its finger-shaped corolla. - * ok ox % One of the great Interests of this plant to' the home gardener is the fact that from its seed and leaves is secured digitalin, or digitalis, as it is more commonly called, the well known and widely used heart tonic. Some way or other the foxglove impressed one as belng just that sort of a flower! It is such a dwarf the first vear, so unsightly and unlovely, and yet one is conscious of power somewhere in its make-up. I never look at a foxglove during its first year but what I think of the story of the Ugly Duckling, which later blossomed Into the beautiful White Swan. All the time, under the sneers of the other ducks, it has locked up in it great possibilities. “There is more in me,” the fox- glove seems to say. Any gardener who is patient will see that this is true the second Summer, when the stalks shoot up to four or five feet, and the leaves thin out and become more symmetrica Behind all this beauty, however, lurks the medicinal powers locked away in this growing thing. Quinine is one of the surefire remedies in medicine; digitalis is another. Many drugs are given with more or less problematical results, but qui nine usually does what it is supposed to do, in certain fevers, and digitalis, properly administered, gets results as a cardiac tonic. The interesting thing is that digi- talin is secured from the common foxglove of our garden, Digitalis Pur- purea. The medicine, chemically, is a white crystalline glucoside. Its chemical formula is carbon 35 hydrogan 56 and oxysen 14, being an- other example of the multitudinous products which nature can manufac- ture out of the same materials. It seems to me that a chemist ought to be able to manufacture it artificially. R Webster's dictionary leaves of the foxglove vield “the im- portant drug, digitalis,” while the Encyclopedia Americana declares that digitalin 1s the commercial name for | a compound substance ‘“extracted Oregon School Seen Bearing says that the The whole question of State con-| trol of education is reviewed in dis- | which followed _the nited States Supreme Court deci- sion declaring invalid the Oregon | law against private and parochial| schools. It is pointed out that sim-| flar legislation proposed in Michigan | is directly affected, and many oh servers belleve the decision also in- dicates what may happen if the Tennessee evolution case ever gets| to the highest court. Quoting from the court, “A State may not pass a law abridging the right of children to attend private schools,” the Portland Oregon Jour- nal declares that the outcome “was freely predicted and believed by many when the campaign for its adoption was on.” Referring to its general effect, the Journal sa The | significance in the Oregon case is| the bearing the decision may have on the Tennessee case, which will ul- timately come before the high tri- bunal. If a State may not lawfully ordain that children of certain ages must attend public schools and no other, how can it ordain what branches of study they may not pur- sue?” Both the Oregon law and the Tennessee law, the Chicago Tribune argues, “are contrary to the essen- tial spirit of American institutions, and this is the most important fact in both controversies over their le- gality. They both represent an in-| vasion by religious issues of the field of government and of the field of private consclence.” “It«is the right to teach plausible, sclentific theories for which the in- dicted teacher in Tennessee will con- tend,” asserts the Savannah Press. “In Oregon the fight was for the lib- erty of the parent. In Tennessee the contest will be for the liberty of the teacher. But the principle seems to be the same in each.” ¥ X % ¥ The New York Times points to the importance to the Nation of such powers as are exercised by the United States Supreme Court, and continues: “The need of having some Federal tribunal to maintain the rights of the citizen when they are invaded by local legislation has never been more evi- dent than 1n the case of this Oregon school law. In the decision of the Su- preme Court against it we also get an encouraging forecast of what will hap- pen when the TPennessee anti-evolu- tion school law reaches the Supreme Court.” It is largely on technical rights, “such as were raised in the Oregon case,” that the Tennessee case will hinge, according to the Pocatello Tribune, which believes that “the op- ponents of the Tennessee law will de- rive encouragement from the decision in the Oregon case.” Even more pos- itive is the view taken by the Lansing_State Journal in the state- ‘The outcome in the Oregon case determines in advance what the ultimate outcome will be concerning the litigation now pending in Ten- nessee. Though the subject matter is not at all the same, the essence is al- most identical.” “The decision was expected,” states | the Lynchburg News, “and freedom from a menace that was never really great is not something to waste time in crowing about. But the owners of private schools in Tennessee have good cause for perking upNfor, as the Norfolk Virginian-Pilot reminds, while the Supreme Court was affirm- ing their right to be, the legislature was doing its best to enlarge their patronage.” The inquiry, “After Ore- gon, what of Tennessee?” is made by .the Wico Observer-Dispatch, and it proceeds to reply: “There, unfor- tunately, the case is not so clear. It is, we know now, unconstitutional for the State to exact attendance at pub- . TRACEWELL. from the seeds of the common fox- glove.” The medicine digitalis, as usually administered in cases of heart disease, has a stimulating effect upon the great body pump, if given in proper dosage, although it is very apt to derange the stomach 2nd bowels and cause lack of appetite. Most of us who grow foxgloves in our gardens, however, will never try | to extract digitalis from them. We are content with their stately beauty there in the border. Prof L. H..Bafley says, discussing the digitalis family, which he classes with the figworts: “The best known species s fox- glove (Digitalis Purpurea) in the highly developed garden Kinds usual known as gloxinae flora (gloxinia- flowered). It is a stately plant, with spikes that rise 3 to 5 feet above the ground; the pendulous flowers are purplish and more. or less spotted in- | side, varying to roselilac, red and white; early and middle Summer. The foxglove is usually perennial, but best results are obtained, as a rule, from year-old plants, seeds hav- ing been sown the previous vear and the seedlings transplanted, the plants having been put in their regular places in Autumn, 1 to 2 feet apart. “Sometimes the plants yield two seasons of good bloom, and basal shoots will arise in late Summer for continuation of the life of the plant even one or two years longer: these shoots arise from the base of the old stock rather than from the root, and the stock or crown becomes hollow and the resulting crop is weak “Dealers sometimes class the plant with biennials. AS soon as the flower spike becomes ragged, cut it off and save the energy of the plant for the secondary bloom. Ior best results, see that the plant at no time suffers for lack of water Bailey calls these plants erect, hardy herbs of Europe and Asia, biennial and shortlived perennial, describing o Digitalis ianata, which he 9 is frequently seen in gardens, m an excellent rear row. “It is strict and unbranched, rising 2 to 3 feet, and bears a hairy, closely flowered | terminal raceme oF, spike; flowers odd rather than show. about 1 inch long, the tubular part with brown reticu tions, upper lip practically wanting, lower lip veined white.” Aot b Digitalis Purpurea, the garden fox glove, is easily grown, if one holds in mind the necessity for plenty of pa- tience, waiting while the plants “grow or 20 cent package of seed will yield 50 or more plants—enough for an entire neighborhood. The foxglove is one of those accommodating flowers that grow well in shaded, damp soil, where it is difficult to raise anything else. It does fine on the north side of houses, where the ground is usually moist and where it is least likely to suffer from the lack of water, against which the authority abeve quoted warns us. Seeds can be put in the ground at this time, but one should remember, if he plants them now, not to expect anything until next Spring. This plant “‘grows on,” as the seed cata- logues put it, very slowly. When tra planting time comes, be- fore frost this Fall, you will have so | many plants that vou will find it nec- | essary to give some of them away 1o | friends Most of said friends will accept them out of politeness, secretly wondering what they will do with the “ugly old | things.” So remind them, gently bt forcibly, that they will ultimately be ! mong the most beautiful plants in the garden Law Decision . |finds it desirable to leave his home in {Fore Hill and Bullock Down fevery { sound.” EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. O, SATURDAY, JUNE 13, 1925. l THE LIBRARY TABLE By the Booklover. A delightful sojourn in Sussex and another in the Channel Islands are provided to the reader by Sheila Kaye-Smith in her novel, “The George and the Crown.” Thomas Sheather, landlord of the George, the unprosper- ous “pub” of Bullockdean in Sussex, has married a. Sark woman. This es- tablishes in his family the not usual connection between Sus the Channel Islands. As the years have passed Thomas himself has entirely | cut loose from Sark and has even come to regret the youthful love which. provided = him " with sharp- tongued Kitt ark wife. But the blished by his son e of thwarted love, ex and Daniel, who, becaus in the Ouse Valley and goes to his mother’s relatives at Peche a Agneau, in the 1sland of Sark. Here he, too, marries a Sark wife and his son is christened with the English-Sark name Thomas Helier. X The setting of the novel, shifts between Sussex and Sark first Bullockdean in the Ouse Valley, between Lewes and Newhaven. The George and the Crown are the two rival inns, across the road from each other, and the Crown is as apprc by the neighborhood as the Geor disapproved “The stain on the Gebdrg drunkenness, and, it was whispered, betting, too.” As always in Sheila Ka mith's novels, we feel the at e of the places immediately see the “lingering red in the| showing up “the masses of but the htless which sign was rest of the sky was a dim grey, pricked with a few stars, and the valley beneath was grey, with the river dark among the mists, where its waters held one climme the Shine.” We go with Daniel and Belle Shackford by moonlight o the downs, up “the steep, chalky | which ascends Firle and is known as the Bostal Way Once no doubt it was a track on the turf of the hill side; now it was sunk deep, quee tunnel, which tonight black and white with the cast own shadows and the gleam of the chalk in the dust.” Sussex never looks better to Danlel than when he is leaving it. “From the back of | Firle he looked down on two valleys full of mist Already s of the richness of Spring was in the night, and he felt some of it mocking him in his blood." When he vay he is often homesick ““for Newhaven Bridge and the weedy, mussel-smelling mouth of the Ouse * X % *x Daniel arrives on a May mc less sky hung low over sea, and a great stillness and cold held everything.” As he approache town lay asleep betwee: On the end of each horn a castle which 1so seemed | asleep.” He crosses to k in a| small motor boat apd is s on the ( island which he left with his | parents when he was an infant. | “Could any ve on this desert | place, hard, flerce, scored, and scaly | as the hide of a dragon?" man remarks that it is a coast and Daniel sees “a terror of rock: columns, points, blocks, walls, ¢ possible’ formation, heaping it self round the point, with the water lapping against it, cozing and plop PIng in its crannies with a faint | glug-glug, rolling in and out of its| verns with a hollower, booming | Peche a Agneau is at the | remotest end of the island, across the | Coupee in Little Sark. ‘There, Wwith | not very friendly relatives, who con sider him a stranger, he passes two | years, the happiest and the saddest of | his life. Then he says good-bye to| t the Island of Sark £ when “the Ma two horns. £ The boat- | d: on Scopes’ Case lic schools as against private or pa rochial ones. But the right of the tate to determine what shall be taught in its awn schools i8 another matter. The impolicy of the Tennessee law is obvious to any liberal-minded man. But whether the Supreme Court can find it unconstitutional is another question.” xx % * “.1u.v(i‘e McReynolds, who com from Tennesses,” points out the Roa noke World-News, “read the unani- mous opinion of the court. The right | of parents and guardians to direct the education of their children is guaran teed by the Constitution. So that’s that. Next!" “As thing: the Fresno Bee remarks, “this decision will undoubt- edly act as a strong check to all such meddlesome legislation in future, and is thus a wholly unmixed blessing.” In the light of this decision ‘‘that American children may study what and where they please, we can await with interest the Supreme Court’s decision on such evolution legislation as that of Tennessee, should it by any chance come before it,” is the Baltimore Sun's view. Several other States,” the Pueblo Star-Journal records, “have witnessed agitation for the passage of laws sim- ilar to that of Oregon, but the de- sion of tha Supreme Court will put an end to further attempts to legi late private schools out of existence.” The decision comes at an opportune time, states the Providence Journal, for “the proposal in Michigan to en- act a law similar to the Oregon stat- ute now comes automatically to naught, ahd a vexed issue is happily removed from the realm of practical controversy.” The Ann Arbor Times- News adds that the court “has done Michigan, as well as Oregon, a good turn.” stanc —~o— Sees Evolution Trial As Darwin vs. Bible To the Editor of The Star: In all the discussion and criticism 1 have seen anent the case of the young Tennessee teacher who, in vio- lation of the laws of his State, taught in the public school in which he w: employed the pseudo-science of evo- lution, the assumption has seemed to be that the trial of the case when it comes up, with the talented and bril- llant counsel that has volunteered to serve on either side, will-somehow be a contest between the Darwinian the- ory of evolution and the biblical ac- count of creation—that one or the other must fall. Regardless of the merits of evolution as a science, and also of the authenticity of the Bible story, I fail to see how any competent court could pefmit such a controversy to be aired in the trial of this case. The question involved, as I see it, is simply whether or not the State of Tennessee, as creator of the public school system there administered and as supporting the same with money gathered by means of taxation levied for that purpose, has the right to say and enforce what shall or shall not be taught in said schools. Many States inhibit the teaching or even the read- ing without comment of the Bible in public schools, and the right to do so has not been questioned by these red- hot advocates of Darwinism. There can be no conflict between true science of any kind and the Bible, which is God's word of truth, as all truth must agree, coming from the same common | mer Pea | | invoked by the peasants for personal the huge, cragged bulk of at love- | unfriendly island, which lay now | s when he had first seen it. like a horned beast asleep upon the sea, and goes back to the Sussex which K loves * ok % * The Nobel prize in r 1924 was awarded to the Polish novel. | ist. Ladislas Reymont, for his novel, | “The Peasants four - p “Aul tumn,” “Winter,"” “Spring” and “Sum —only the firs three of which | have as vet been translated. “The | ants” is an_epic of the soil, like | Sheila_ Kaye Smith's “Sussex rse” | and Knut Hansun’s “Growth of the Soil The life, the aims. the! thoughts, the passions of the peasants | are all primitive. The strussgie for ex- | istence is so ruthless that few can af. | ford the luxury of id Hot tem. | per, vengefulness. greed and sex p: sion are the common emotions. The | aged who can no longer contribute to | the family labor are often turned out | to tramp’ the roads as beggars. Ha- tred in family life seems more usual than affection. The love of the young is not romance, but crude passion, which recognizes few restraint ways, at all seasons, the pur: food, the most acute of pr needs, is eager and continuous. bor for all must be incessant. Autumn the crops are stored all the grain and live stock that can ) be spared are sold and the peasants prepare for the hard Winter. In the Winter they hoard their food to make it last until Sprinz. Recreations are | few and simple—the Autumn fair, where they sell their cattle and make purchases for the Winter: an occa- sional wedding or christenjng feast given by a peasant better off than his | neighbors, a church festival, drinking vodka at the tavern. Relizion with the peasants is merely a form, no- ticed most when it is time to pay the vearly tithe to the priest. The law is something to be supetstitiously avoid- | ed, because of its uncertain mysteries and its certain expense, so it is rarely In the | wa injury, though it sometimes is for property disputes. Thus the old peas. ant Boryna fears neither the law nor his neighbors when he sets fire to the hayrick in which his faithless young wife and her lover have taken refuge from him. The style of “The Peas- ants” seems exactly suited to the big, primitive theme. The descriptions suggest the poetry of nature as con- trasted with ‘the prose of the peasants’ lives. For example: ‘“Autumn was growing ever- more and more au- tumnal. . . . And every dawn the morning came more and more slug- gishly, benumbed, as it were, by the cold of the hoarfrosts and the sorrow- ful stillness and the life ebbing out of the land. . . . And every dawn the villages woke up somewhat later, the cattle went to graze with more slothful steps, the barn doors swung open with less stridulous creaking: men’s voices seemed muffled as they sounded in the deathly void of the fields, and their very life beat now with fainter pulsations. . . . It w indeed Autumn, the mother of Win- ter.” it conflicts with the science of geology and the hypothesis of evolution, they renounce the Bible and teach, either by precept or example, others to do so. If common sense and justice pre- vail in the trial of the Tennessee casq the young man who flaunted the au- thority of the State and used the time that he had sold to the State in doing something the State had forbidden will find himself evicted from his posi- tion as a public school teacher and will be entitled to very little sym- pathy, though, of course, the noto- source. But the trouble with some intellectual highbrows in our colleges and elsewhere is that they assume the story of creation as recorded in Genesis to be literal and, finding that riety that he has attained through the publicity of his ease will no doubt jor less evolved fors | T | board « stand him in hand in finding other and doubtless more lucrative employ- ment. ¥. C. CREWS. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN Q. Has the Washington Monument ever been struck or damaged by lightning?—H. D. E. A. The Washington Monument is unusually well protected. It has been struck several times. On July 13, a charge was deflected, the only damage to the monument being the burning out of the magneto coil of a telephone. On May 3, 1900, a2 man leaning his arm against one of the iron_columns on the northwest ved a moderate shock of tricity in his arm Q. name of the Jewish organization which endeavors to help Jews all over the world?— . The Alliance Israelite Universelle lquarters at 35 Rue de Trevise, This organization was found ed in 1860 by six Jews of Paris, and at the present has branches in prac tically every country of the world It endeavors to secure for the Jews political rights, educational facilitie and literary advantages in the mat- ter of impartial journalism for the Jews and a proper dissemination of Jewish propaganda elec Q. How should minnows be cared for’—R. M. F. A. The Bureau of Fisheries sa that the best way to keep live mi nows is to put them in running water of the same temperature ofi water from which they were obtained and to feed them bread crumbs and soft scraps , Q. Is there an instrument ch measures the velocity and motion of clouds?—C. B. A. The nephoscope ment which determines motion and ty of an the apparent e clouds. It is rrror h compass es marked upon it. It able ting | 15 a fixed point in view- dow the cloud it from the center the ve points or de; has an adju which serves the sha moves away mirror. Q. Please d ton of found by the fossil skele was recently ition.—P. C. D. cent geological on _ sent Texas by erican Museum of Natural Hist York) have discovered in roc than a million vears old skeleto a horse in one of s ancestral stages of evolution. In the evolution of the horse the newly found specimen represents an inter mediate stage between the type called Pliohippus and he early Ice Age horse, called Equus. It is smaller than ‘the modern horse. While the fossil horse just discovered is almost the earliest one-toed horse, long before the day of Pliohippus there had exist ed quite a number of more primitive 1s of the hor: Q. How many cases of internat law were decided by John Mars —D. C. M A. John B. Moore, in his * Marshall,” states “during his of service, 195 cases of interr law were decided. Ma the opinion on 80 of Life of period | instru- | the Spain, Sweden and Jugoslavia. This alculation excludes all of the small principalities in Europe and the ins secure Mohammedan monarchies i Asia. meaning of the w “Garden of Eden Q. What is th, “Eden,” as the H, J. A. The word “Eden” is a translation of a Hebrew word meaning “delight.”? Q. What is the highest volcano in the world?>—L. D. K ghest volcanic Jolivia, which peak is is 21,000 Latin word?—D. J. from the Anglos Sanskrit *“‘udan’ nd the Indo-European “wad,” mean- ing “'be wet Water” is not a Latin word. The Latin translation is “aqua.” Is “water” a The word i xXon “waeter | Q. Where was the first cated on the Gold Coast’—P. D. T A. The Portug built the first slave fort on the Gold Coast at Elmira, (1852) ave fort 1o Q. What does “Hoboken" mean H.J A. Hohoken | Hoboken “land of t |named becau | stone found in the | Q@ who |ing_jeweler T R 3 A. The first manufactory of jewels s probably that of E. Hinsdale in ark, N. J., established in 1790, first known as which meant It was so s used was Hacking, inity pipes, s the in the st m, Cnited S Q. What caused the disappe the passenger p. {and Ohio B. W A. The Biological Survey market hunters were prot rect cause extincti the | passenger pigeon hese birds wera so-called colony 1d nested in in vici rance of Indiana bfrds quantities in cer made it possible to wipe out great numbers wit ittle effort. There many counting for the extin birds, one being that in woods where th d great numbers Q. Why is it th | moon stands on it times on its side A. The Naval ( straight line joining {lies ip a directi |angies to the e 1 the col | its posit | the horizon: when the neighborhood mes nds mor the March, the nearly horizontal on its side.” stra omes is Moore also states that of 62 opinions on constitutional law handed down during Marshall's period of service, 1801-1835, Marshall delivered writ- ten opinions. Q. How many monar now?—J. 3. A. Out of 24 hereditary governm before th war o 17 now remain. ese are Abyssinia, tan, gium, Bulgaria, Denmark ypt, Great Britain, Hoiland, Italy, Japan, orway, Persia, Rumania, Siam, hies are there | (Frederic J. Ha s employed by |this paper to han inquiries of |sur readers and you are invited to call |upon nim as freely and as vou please. Ask anything {matter of fact and the authority will Ive quoted you. There is no charge this scrvice. Ask what you want, your mame and address and nclose 2 cents in stamps for return vostage. Address The Star Inform tion Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, di |rector, Twenty-jirst and ¢ streets | northwest.) in often as that is a {or sign BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. Every vears a new g men or women is added to t of Great Ameri the Universit election is by the and senate The co nominations from the publ all nominations must receive secc from the senate before being submit- ted to the ele ors, who finall: ide the selection > senate appoints the 100 electors. Originally the candidates could not be eligible until less th 2 now the limit is 25 y Up to the present the men and 1 woman pl cligible list for this five-year period. The woman is Dorothea Lynde Di “angel of the Civil War She w born in Worcester, Mass,, in 1802, and during the Civil War she deyoted her- self to service in hospitals - Wash- ington. Her life work was given to investigating hospita specially asylums for insane, and she is credited with having introduced psychopathic institutions in a number of St The men nominated for this include Edwin Booth, actor; Samuel Adami statesman: Horace Bushnell, theologian; George Rogers Clark, ex- plorer; John Livingston - Copley painter; William Lloyd Garrison, edi- tor and anti-slavery agitator: Ha statesman; Adiniram Judson, missionary, and \\"\lhlnx Penn. * ox The Hall of Fame for C Ameri- cans was founded in 1900 through the beneficence of an annoymous 0,000, with which endowment there was erected a colonnade 400 feet long, having spaces for 150 panels commemorate some ‘‘great Amer Fifty such great ones were to be se- lected immediately, leaving 100 panels to be occupied in blocks of five, chosen every five vears, until by the year 2000 all spaces would be filled. The schedule has not been fully tained. * Those chosen in 1900 were George ‘Washington, Abraham Lincoln, Daniel Webster, Benjamin Franklin, U. S. Grant, John Marshall, Thomas Jeffer- son, R. W. Emerson, H. W. Long- fellow, Robert 'ulton, Washington Irving, Jonathan Edwards, Samuel F. B. Morse, David G. Farragut, Henry Clay, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Georse Peabody, Robert E Eli Whitney, John J. Audobon, Horace Mann, Henry Ward Beecher, James Kent, Joseph Story, John Adams, Wil- m E. Channing, Gilbert Stuart and L Gr: § Chosen in 1905: John Quincy Adams, James Russell Lowell, William T. Sherman, James Madison, John G ‘Whittier, Mary Lyon, mma Willard, Maria Mitcheli—s Chosen in 1910: Harriett Beecher Stowe, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Edgar Allan Poe, James Fenimore Cooper, Phillips Brooks, William Cullen Br ant, Frances Willard, Andrew Jackson, George Bancroft and John Lothrop Motley—10. Chosen in 1915: Alexander ton, Francis Parkman, Louis Ag: Elias Howe, Joseph Henry, Chonte, Daniel Boone and Charlotte Cushman—S8. Chosen in 1920: Samuel L. Clemens (Mark Twain). James B. Eads, Patrick Henry, William T. G. Morton. Augus- tus Saint-Gaudens, Roger Williams and Alice Freeman Palmer—7. Total to date, 56 men 7 women. would be permissible to choose 12 can- didates this yeal Harriet Beecher Stowe, in 1910, received the most votes ever given to any candidate in the Hall of Fame. In addition to the Hall of Fame for sreat Americans, there is also under the guardianship of the University of New York a pantheon of American artists and architects, of whom nine busts are already placed: Beckwith, Inness, Ogilvie, Duveneck, Shirlaw, Saint-Gauden: J. Q. A. Ward, Chase, with e have been aced on the tes. election jand Henry K. Brown. It will be an interesting exercise < run neck-and John | main- Lee, Peter Cooper, | 1| memory to check up lists and identify the particular which has designated the hon e with the distinction of*being “great Ameri worthy a place in the Hall of Fame, of Arti and Architect worth while to check up those yvet outside of the 150 American | “immortals” who seem to merit that distinction. eshing the merit ored £ x % o» | An analysis of the classes {ored shows that atesmen |others. Authors abot | numerous as statesmen. S | sailors, combined, | number of the | the |third as numerous so hon- lead all half as ldiers and as authors: they reck with p wyers, inventors, nthropis: Of the | “immortals,” only one was a |and one a’teacher. The few |soldiers and sailo {indicates the non-mili |of the Nation. On the |the fact that the men who select the |electors are membe: college faculty may account for the high per. centage of authors and statesmen so honored in the Hall of Fame. * k% * beat the |and phi s There has always been more or less public protest against recognizing th privately endowed and privately aged Hall of Fame. It is urged uch an institution should be estab. lished by the Government, supported by taxation and controlled by a non. partisan board. i i be located at the Natoonal Capital {is the case with all European pan- theons. Americans profess to scorn rank, but they do not hesitate to rec- ognize and honor great achievement, The Natfonal Capitol has a so-called | Hall of Fame in Statuary Hall, whera are two statues from each |lected by the respective States to honor their chosen great. The hall was never adapted to such a collec- tion and is so overcrowded now with nearly 100 statues that none can be | properly displayed and lighted. It |has been proposed to provide a suita- ble statuary hall in the new National Art Gallery; also it is suggested that @A separate Pantheon for the heroes of the States would be more appro- priate in relieving the present over- crowded Capitol hall. These stat- ues are not necessarily cheerished as,works of art, but, rather, as monu- ments of the persons so honored. All are statesmen, soldiers, sailors, pio- neers or social reformers. To add to the group all other “great Ameri- cans,” such as appear in the Hall of Fame, would change the character of the whole collection—lose its mean- ing. SR While the American problem differs from those of European pantheons, it is noteworthy that even in urope there are some astonishing incon- sistencies. For example, in the Pan- theon at Rome there is a statue of Raphael, but none of Michelangelo, nor of Dante. The Pantheon of Paris once held the bones of Mirabeau, but, later, they were removed by partisans to show greater honor to Marat. In the German Empire there was an in- violable rule which prohibited any but royalty to be shown in sculpture astride a horse. Bismarck was shown standing by a horse, but not mount- ed. Bismarck and Gen. Hindenburg “rated” colossal statues, but not mounted ones. Lesser dignitaries were forbidden colossal statues, but might have herolc size, whije ordinary sub- jects could not venfure beyond life size, and common mortals were lim- ited to busts. If the American Pantheon ever falls into political con- trol, perhaps there may be niches for statuettes of leaders of the ‘“other party.” But who will select the great ones for the colossals and the herolcs? (Copyright, 1038, by Paul V, Colinsd