Evening Star Newspaper, June 6, 1925, Page 6

6 THE EVENING STAR With_Sunday Morning Editi WASHINGTON, D. C SATURDAY. . ...June 6, 1925 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office 11th St and Pennaylvania Ave. New Vork Ofice: 110 Engt 42ud St. cago OMce: Tower Build Buropean Office: 18 Regent St.. London, Englaud. The Evening Star, with the Sunday morn- tng edition, is delivered by carriers within the city at 60 cents per month: daily only. 45 cents per month: Sunday only. 20 cents per month. Orders may be sent by mail or telephone Main 5000. Collection is made by carrier at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunda; Daily only . Sunday only All Other States. Daily and Sunday Daily only Sunday only " 700 50c 1l 20¢ Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled o the use for republication of all news dis atches credited to it or not otherwise cred ted in this paper and also the local news published herein. Al rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. German Disarmament. A communication has just been sent to Berlin by the allied powers of Eu- rope calling upon Germany to complete the disarmament required by the treaty of Versailles, and declaring that the Cologne area will not be evacuated by allied troops until the terms of the treaty have been wholly met. Specific demands are made upon Germany for the effective disarmament which the treaty contemplates. The security po- lice must be decreased from 180,000 to 150,000; the national military organiza- tion of the police must be abolished and its collective military training ended; the nation-wide portable wire- less system of the police force is to be dismantled; several thousands of ma- chines for the making of munitions re- tained by private concerns must be scrapped, and former government fac- tories of the same character must be @ismantled down to the equipment re- quired to supply the German troops permitted by the treaty; recently opened schools for training staft offi- mers must be closed and gas schoo @bolishea; 1k manutacture of raflway equipment for militars #se must be stopped; co-operation of all inds of sircraft with the army must be forbid- den; only 12-year enlistments in tle reichswehr will be permitted; civic or- ganizations must be prevented from occupying themselves with military matters; guns in forts now on mobile mountings must be put on permanent mountings and the portable mounts de- stroyed. In the note it is set forth that the defaults of Germany “if not properly rectified would in the aggregate enable the German government eventually to reconstruct an army modeled on the principles of a nation in arms,” in dis- regard of the treaty of Versailles. Each specific default from the treaty, de- clare the allied governments, is im- portant, as together these defaults be- come a “'serious menace to peace.” The delivery of this note has greatly incensed Germany, and has called forth an unofficial declaration that a full compliance with the requirements would leave Germany in a state of de- fenseless helplessness against internal enemies and would at the same time through the scrapping of machinery make it impossible for Germany to meet the requirements of the Dawes plan for the payment of reparations. This cry of helplessness and of finan- clal injury has been raised before. It 18 not clearly indicated how the scrap- ping of munition-making machines will lessen Germany's capacity for in- dustrial production, or how the reduc- tion of the military forces to the char- acter and size of a national police force intended solely for the maintenance of order will expose the country to domes- tic turmoil and danger. Naturally the allied note will be re- sisted by the Berlin government. Presi- dent von Hindenburg will face a crisis early in his administration. Chancellor Luther will probably be required by domestic political conditions to assume an attitude of aggressive deflance which, however, cannot concelvably be maintained in face of the specific na- ture of the accusations conveyed in the allied note, based upon a detailed ex- emination of German military condi- tions. It was the purpose of the treaty of Versailles to reduce Germany to a state of impotence as regards the wag- ing of aggressive warfare against other powers. It has been the stead- fast endeavor of the German govern- merft ever since the signing of the treaty to evade its requirements in that respect. The present note, the unanimous expression of the judgment and the determination of the allied powers, brings the case to an issue, e e Showmen must presently begin to wonder whether the best part of the entertainment is not being given free by the publicity directors. —_— The Weather Bureau is proving it- self rellable, even at the risk of ap- pearing pessimistic. +—v——s Blackmail and Murder. A wealthy New York business man was shot to death yesterday in that city by a blackmailer. The victim had befriended the other in the past, helping him in various ways, only later to be “framed” in an extortion conspiracy. The blackmailer had a confederate who worked the game with him in the early stage. Later, this man alone secured $7,500 from his benefactor at the point of a pistol. Lately, he has been seeking to en- force other payments, and yvesterday, meeting his victim in the lobby of his office building, he accosted him and following him into an elevator shot him. The slayer was captured atter a short flight. Police authorities are aware that many men of means suffer from the impositions and extortions of black- mailers. In most cases there is no basis for the demands and threats of exposure. The majority of the victims prefer to pay rather than face publicity, even though they have absolutely clear consciences. They know that it is the disposition of the public to belleve charges of miscon- j ;- Guct. So they yleld to demands !’ which there is no warrant in fact, paying in effect the price of public credulity. The willingness to shield them- selves even when there is no ground for an accusation is the blackmail- er's opportunity. He plays upon his victim's fear of a loss of prestige. Perhaps he has some slight basis for his demands, knows some lapse on the part of his victim. Cases have been brought to light where men of substance and high standing have paid blackmail for years In large sums rather than bring their extor- tioners to book. This unwillingness to face publicity makes blackmaliling a thriving enter- prise. Extortioners, however, are easily caught if the victims of their attentions are willing to undergo the actually slight embarrassment of public accusation. Only rarely when a scoundrel of this sort is captured and exposed does the object of his criminal enterprise suffer in public esteem. The fear which has com- pelled payment has been visionary. Enforcing Federal Criminal Laws. Breaking down of the administra- tion of Federal criminal law was graphically ‘described by United States District Attorney Buckner of the southern district of New York yesterday, addressing the Georgia State Bar Assoclation at Tybee Island. Assuming that the conditions prevalent in New York may be typi- cal of those existing in other juris- dictions, the district attorney's description of them, their causes and proposed remedies may be sald to have national application. The chief reason he assigned for the breakdown of the Federal crim- inal law in New York is the multi- plication of Federal offenses without adequate machinery for enforcement and because there is not enough magic in a Government printing press to act as Investigator, prosecutor, grand jury, judge, clerk, petit jury and all the other officials needed for prosecution. It is found, contrary to probable general Government belief, that it is not alone prohibition which paralyzes administration of Federal criminal law, but it has become the fashion to make prohibition the whipping boy for everything, and the laws which help to make the congestion and to crush the officials seeking en- forcement are those relating to immigration, pure food, taxes, nar- cotics, customs, navigation, banking, postal matters and many other sub- Jjects. Forced to pick and choose, the Federal attorney has resolved to se- lect the important violators of the law instead of the unimportant law breakers. District Attorney Buckner has four suggestions of changes to bring the methods of administration up to date and replice the present ones that are 50 yeard old. He suggests, first, the establithment of inferior Federal courts for the trial of petty offenders and misdemeanors. His second remedy would make it impossible for a convicted man to be released on bail while appealing to a higher court. He thinks that keeping a con- victed man in jaill would decrease appeals by 95 per cent, since most appeals are based on a forlorn hope and the attorney’s prospect of another fee. He suggests the crea- tion by Congress of officlal grand jury stenographers, which are provided under the laws (f some States. He feels this would #e a curb upon and admonition to district attorneys. He makes an eloquent plea for increased salaries of Federal judges, which are at present “grossly inadequate.” The subject of enforcement of Fed- eral criminal law has frequently been brought to the attention of the public and it is safe to assume that it will be taken up in Congress at the next session. ————— Harry Thaw declares that he enjoys his little farm. An occasional trip to New York to buy seeds and agricul- tural implements affords its relaxa- tions to him, the same as to any other out-of-town buyer, ———— There is resentment toward the idea of being descended from a monkey, but during a hot wave it is pleasant to think of being descended from a fish. ————— The Chinese insist on glving the Japanese something to think about on their own side of the ocean. ————— The Governor’s Voice. Gov. Alfred Smith of New York is reckoned at present as one of the most “prospective” of Democrats. Elected chief executive of the State last No- vember by a big vote, while the country and the State were alike going Repub- lican by heavy margins, he is regarded as an asset of exceptional value to the party. He has just passed through a strenuous period, facing a Legislature of a hostile partisan composition, and Is now engaged in a campaign of “‘edu- cation” to put across a program of State financing in the face of Repub- lican opposition. He has suffered physi- cally in the course of this stiff en- deavor, and now his physician orders a complete rest for him. A particular item of the prescription has its special significance for politicians in all the States. The doctor’s orders include complete abstention from all public speaking for several weeks. Gov. Smith is a docile patient and has ac- cepted the dictum of his medical ad- viser. He has therefore canceled all personal and speaking engagements. Now comes the interesting fact. Those cancellations fnclude no less than 1,040 engagements. The number is mentioned casually in the account of the governor's condition, as though 1,040 engagements were a normal num- ber for an active State executive and prospective candidate for higher office to have on his books at one time. No mention is made of the length of time which s covered by these appoint- ments to speak and confe So it would seem that Gov. Smith has planned to be a very busy man for the next few weeks or months. He has booked himself up full for all sorts of activity. He has made what must be accepted as a record of obligations to get in contact with the people, in- dividually and collectively. It may be! THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, SATURDAY, JUNE 6, 1925. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. doubted if any other public man has ever had more than a thousand speak- Ing and conference, engagements on his tablets at one time. This matter of the cancellation of Gov. Smith's engagements because his doctor will not allow him to use his voice for some time to come may well be pondered by some other Democratic leaders and conspicuous personages of that political faith. The next Demo- cratic national convention, it is well assured, will not be held in New York City, or within the boundaries of New York State. But wherever it is held Gov. “Al"” will be right there, prob- ably with volce fully restored. ————— A Great Golf Match. To golfers, that great multitude of men and women who make the ancient Scottish game an object of devoted at- tention, whose conversation is mainly in terms of “lies” and “hazards,” “bunkers” and “stymies,” ‘niblicks” and “mashies,” the open golf tourna- ment at Worcester, Mass., has been a supremely exciting event. In a large fleld of both professionals and ama- turs, including the leading golfers in this country, seven men were at the close of the final round so nearly matched that only three strokes sepa- rated them. Two were tled for first place, with 291 strokes, followed by two others tied with 292, and two more with 293 and a seventh with 294. The two leaders, a Scotch professional and 2 young amateur from Georgia, then proceeded to play off the tie. One round in the morning found them even at 75 strokes each. Another round of 18 holes was necessary. They were tled when they drove for the eight- eenth hole. The Scotch professional won the hole by one stroke, 72 to 73, won it by a few inches, that being the margin of his younger competitor from halving the hole with him and thus bringing the match again to a tie. Probably never before was such *golf played, for evenness and prolonged suspense. That a Scotchman should win was in a measure appropriate. That a young American should be his stubborn contestant is gratifving to the followers of golf in this country, Where the game has been adopted by young and old alike, and where it is played with an enthusiasm and skill not matched anywhere else in the world. This remarkable contest will probably make more converts to the game than ever. ——— A great deal of fun was made of the failure of Prof. Langley to prove his well founded theories. A great deal of fun has been made of Henry Ford's success in demonstrating the prac- ticability of a machine which engineers had declared would never work. The line of demarcation between tragedy and comedy is delicate and hard to define. ———— It is asserted by Col. Bryan that evolution is disproved because ass' milk, though most resembling human milk, cannot be relied on to show that humanity descended from an ass. In his biological onslaught Col. Bryan would not hesitate to bring the family relationships of the democratic don- key into disadvantageous controversy. ———— One of the most startling points of interest in a study of American his- tory would be a list of the people who were seriously regarded as having a chance to become President of the United States. ———— ‘The hope that Amundsen is safe is still strong. But there is no use in withholding the relief expedition which is customarily held in readiness for every polar exploration. —————— The position of an airplane in a museum is, after all, not so important as the abundance of its companionship in the sky. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. ‘Where the Bad News Comes From. Sometime, upon a Summer night ‘When we have heard, the whole day through, Of the Kiosk, in sunshine bright ‘Which tells of rising warmth anew— Sometime I'm to glide along, ‘When all deserted is the town By the depressed and weary throng, And tear that cussed Kiosk down! Modifled Aspiration. “When I was a small boy I thought I might be President of the United State: “So did 1,” answered Senator Sor- ghum. “But being President of the United States is now the least of my ambitions. I realize that I am lucky if I can get re-elected to my present position.” ‘Washington Monument. ©Oh, splendid shaft, so white and tall, You stand in majesty complete. On you we yet may have to call Kor help in measuring the heat. The old thermom’s a tiny thing That occuples but little space. To you the mercury we'll bring Unhindered in its upward pace. Jud Tunkins says he hopes these na- tional debts are goin’ to get adjusted in a friendly way; his personal ex- perience bein' that it's easier to love your enemies than it is to love your creditors. An Artistic Disappointment. “How did that fight come to start so suddenly?” “We was misled,” answered Cactus Joe. “Of course, all us Crimson Gulch- ers is anxious to get into the movie game, an’ when a stranger come along with a lot of equipment we naturally got busy. We thought he was a mo- tion picture man, but he was only a drummer. Coal and Ice. 0ld King Cole was a jolly old soul, But as the air grows warmer, We seek advice from Old King Ice ‘Who is a true reformer. “Adam an’ Eve was happy,” said Uncle Eben, “till dat serpent come along an’' introduced de question dl ““Hit him, Jimmie!"” Stabbing through the smoke scent- ed and tinted air, the cry satisfied the feelings of all those there at the ringside watching the Knockout King taking punishment from ‘“Frenchy” Le Clair. It was high time, indeed, that Jim- mie hit him. His most ardent sup- porters wished fervently that he would put over that short overhand jab he had manipulated so success fully against his 10 previous oppo- nents. Tonight he could not land. For three rounds the tall Frenchman from Canada had stepped in close every time Jimmie had tried it, with the result that the wicked punch swung neatly but ineptly over his shoulder, slapping him upon the back. Now, the upper back is not a vital point in the pugilist's anatomy “Frenchy” Le Clair bored in every time, caught the blow on his back and stepped right out again, as if he had been taking dancing lessons or something. “Hit him, Jimmie!” screamed the excited shrimp in the back row, standing up to get a better look dur- ing the last minute of the fourth Around him men breathed quicker forot to puff their cigars, let their clgarettes go out. Le Clair backed like an automaton, then poked out that long left, catch: ing Jimmie squarely on the chin. The blond lad, 152 pounds of brawn, shook his head wearily, sidled against the ropes, dropped his hands. Have you ever seen a dazed child under the sarcastic Lantering of a merciless teacher? Have you ever yourself been hopelessly cornered, unable to get away, not able to do anything Then you have a picture of Jimmie, the Knockout King, standing by the ropes looking pathetically out for an instant at a sea of friendly, anxious faces, while four lichts shone down intently upon his sweat-bathed torso, splotched here and there with vivid red blotches, where French Le Clair had pummeled him. * ok % K It seemed as if the time had come for Jimmie to be the knocked-out king. Le Clair appeared to be right on the point of doing what he had come all the way from Montreal to do. His shoes thudded softly as he stepped across the squared circle to put the finishing touches to his work of the evening in the last and best “exhibition” at this private seance. The assemblage groaned. “That Frenchman will now.” one said. “You don’'t know Jimmle,” replied the little shrimp. le can take a lot of punishment. He's as good as he ever was. Watch him now.” Without a sound the clinched. The stolid, referee quietly parted them. said a word on the canvas. excitement was down on among the rows of seats. “Frenchy” tried his best to land, but Jimmy somehow managed to slip out, giving the ropes a mighty thumping as he slid around into the center of the ring. “Hit_him, Jimmie!" The Knockout King panted, slipped a left to the head, a harmless blow, then came around with his big punch. Le Clair stepped in, as he had done a thousand times in the four rounds, now almost ended. Thump! landed the glove, smacking the dark Canadian on that pink place behind his shouldedr blades. The Frenchman, with disdain born of confidence, telegraphed his inten- tion of settling it with a straight right for the jaw. It was the opening Jimmie had kill him fighters Nobody All the the floor rubber-shod | been looking for these four rounds. His right fist traveled up, down and over, describing an orbit of not more that a foot, If that much. It caught “Frenchy” on the chin, toppling him forward on hands and knees, where he stayed, his black head swaying as if he would fain play animal and eat grass, but somehow could not see the fodder. The referee's hand began to go up and down—one—two—three— ‘He can get up! “He can't get up; he's gone.” The referee’s hand kept moving up and down. “Frenchy” was out. The )ficial caught the gloved hands of fimmie and held them aloft for a econd as a visible sign that the Knockout King was winner. Jimmie had hit him. * ok ok Ok As I moved out of the hall, along with the scores of jubilant fight fans, 1 wished that all the women in the world who inveigh against so-called “prize fights” might have been there, would have done them good to seen the upstanding young ., most of them in the service their country, exchange blows we to face, man to man, with as much unconcern as if they had been playing checkers back in the bar- racks. 1 single out the women, because perhaps not one in one hundred thou- sand has ever seen a sparring exhibi- tion, and therefore has the queerest ideas about the whole thing, much as the good mothers of yesteryear made such a mistake about the “nickel novel: The writer of these lines, for in- stance, ought to be in prison for life, at the very least, according to the old notions of the criminal possibili- ties of the nickel novels, because in his youth he read a stack of them almost as high as the Washington Monument. The manly, courageous vigor of Nick Carter, Old King Brady, Frank Merriwell, Fred Fearnot and the other heroes of those colorful stories, as a matter of fact, did the youth of that age a good deal of good. The moth- ers were mistaken, that is all. Similarly, I belleve, the average woman is somewhat misjudging the average ‘‘prize fight” as h today under decent auspices. o doubt there are brutal fights, put on by tough mucks, where off-color tactics prevail. A well conducted “sparring exhibi- tion,” however, is distinctly another thing. I honestly belleve that 99 out of 100 sweet ladies who honor this column with their attention would have enjoved seeinz Jimmie knock out “Frenchy” Le Clair. 1 stepped right out of the cleanness and gladiolus garden, where s fresh, where bright blooms nodded, into the gymnasium where six exhibition, no-decision bouts were held. (That “no-decision” stuff is a joke. When you topple a man over for the count of ten, there is decision, all right.) From garden to squared circle—and the latter was just as decent in its way as the former. You see, it is quite possible to e read “Buffalo Bill"" stories and “The Liberty Boys of '76” and later to enjoy even more Shakespeare, Carlyle, Emerson, Flato, Booth Tarkington, H. G. Wells, Conan Doyle, Kipling, or what not author. Likewise one can step from garden to “prize fight” with equal enjoyment, appreciating the rose on its stem and the husky marine swapping blows with another chap. Roses were born to blow, and men for blows, at least now and then. Hit him, Jimmie! BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. President Coolidge has gone to Minnesota to speak words of felici- tation to the Americans who are celebrating the centennial anniver- sary of Norwegian settlement in the Northwest. He will not—cannot— address his remarks to any assem- blage of “Norweglan-Americans” for there are no such people and never have been. A Norwegian has never been hyphenated. When he left Norway to make his home thereafter in the Great Republic he became in spirit and in ‘deed an American—not par- tially but absolutely. For a century he, with other Scandinavians, has dominated the Northwest and pio- neered its vast enterprises, devel- oped its resources, and marked the character of its institutions. More than a third of the population of the Northwest is Scandinavian. * k k *x The Scandinavians include the Norwegians, the Swedes and the Danes. The Swedes in the old coun- try depend largely upon agriculture, the Norwegians are the Vikings, the hardy adventurers upon the sea, the fishers and traders. When the de- scendants of Vikings came to the vast horizon-bound sea of grass in the Northwest, they, too, became farmers and stock ralsers. Some became gov- ernors of their States. One little boy accompanied his mother from Norway—an orphan— and sold newspapers in Chicago’ to help bear the mother’s burden; later he became Governor of Minnesota, and from that position became United States Senator—the late Knute Nel- son. Another Norwegian—or rather a native American born of Norwegian parentage—Henrik Shipstead—became a country dentist in Glencoe, Minn. but, while practicing his profes- sion, he took up finance as an avo- cation, thereby preparing for a Unit- ed States senatorship, and even in his first vear in the Senate he demen- strated his preparedness. Former Representative Volstead is a Norwe- glan, as is his successor, O. J. Kvale, and as are many other members from the Northwest. * K K K It is not through the accident of individual character that the Nor- weglans have developed the traits of daring and achievement, such as created a Nansen and an Amundsen, conquerors of the ice-bound polar seas. Away back in the eighth cen- tury Scandinavian explorers conquer- ed the mysteries of many islands be- tween the Arctic Circle and Ireland, and it is believed that in 1000 they landed on_the mainland of North America. It is one of the objectives of the polar explorer, MacMillan, with- in the next few weeks, to seek out the stone houses built in Labrador by the reputed settlers from Nor- way a thousand years ago. In those early centuries Norway was in constant struggle between rivals to her throne. From 1209 to 1313 Norway was subject to Sweden, whose population was much larger. Late in the fourteenth century Nor- way and Sweden united under a joint government, to which Denmark was added later, and this Scandinavian union lasted until the beginning of the nineteenth century. As a reward for services to the great alliance of powers fighting Napoleon, the crown prince of Sweden, Charles John, in 1814, was given the throne of Norway. The Norwegians refused to recognize the convention thus given ‘“without the consent of the governed,” and, in the consequent fighting, the con- nection with Denmark was severed and the Norwegian Parliament elected the reigning King of Sweden as also King of Norwu*und drew an act of union ' Ve orway, and Sweden, £ which continued until 1905, when it was dissolved without bloodshed, and Norway became independent. * ok x % _Undoubtedly the forced union of Norway with Sweden in 1814 had much to do with the stimulation of emigration of Norwegians to America, which assumed fmportant proportions within the decade following. The cele- bration now in progress commemo- rates the arrival in New York Har. bor, October 12, 1825, of the sloop Restaurationen, with 53 Norwegian immigrants. The present celebration, held mid- way between Minneapolis and St. Paul, is not merely local. One fea. ture is a great pageant depicting scenes of the Norwegian pioneering. There is a choir of 3,000 singers who have assembled from all parts of the United States, Canada, and even Nor- way. All Scandinavians are music lovers—especially lovers of vocal musle. Scandinavian choruses are familiar institutions in the North. west, but never has there been a greater chorus than that which will sing the spirit of Viking achievement during the present celebration. The United States Government has recognized the importance of the event, for it has issued a speclal 2. cent postage stamp bearing a picture of the sloop Restaurationen, and a 5- cent stamp decorated with a Viking ship, printed in two colors—an un. precedented printing in colors, except for the $5 stamp. Also, from the United States Mint comes a_commem- orative gold medal to celebrate this centennial—the first of the kind ever issued from the Mint. * K ok % It was due to the exploring e: - prise of Kleng Peerson, also kfiow’,‘,‘ii Kleng Pederson and Person Hestham- mer, that the Norwegian colonization was started. It is not unusual for a Scandinavian thus to have several names, for, in the old days and in the old country the eldest son did not carry the surname of the father. For example, “Martin Peterson” indicates that the man known as *“Peterson’ was the son of Peter, whose surname might have been Jacobson, if he, in turn, was the son of a man named Jacob. So Kleng Pederson, or Peder- sen, was probably the son of Mr. Peder, who was the son of Mr. Hest- hammer. Kleng came to America in 1821 and saw that the land was good. In 1824 he returned to Norway and spread the good news, and in the following year brought forth the first band of emigrants, locating them in New York State—not In the city. After he had thus established his colonists Kleng scouted around the Mississippi Valley and returned with tales of the Middle West rivaling those of Marco Polo of the vast “Cathay.” By 1836 he had transplanted nearly all of the New York settlers in the rich but untamed region now known as Illinofs, Minne- sota, Wisconsin and the two Dakotas. Minneapolis now has more Scandi- navians than has any city in Scandi- navia. * ¥ ok ok ‘While the pageant will show the original crude millstones with which the early pioneers started the greatest milling center in the world, and will show the original oxcart in which many a pioneer bride rode in state to her nuptials, it will also show modern achievements in art, as well as in in- dustry. There are displays of pic- torial weaving which excel any such weaving in the world. There will be displayed a marvelous “living Nor- wegian flag,” composed of 500 chil- dren, trained and colorful, and at a signal the marching living flag will dissolve into a lving reproduction of “Old Glory,” truly. symbolical THE LIBRARY TABLE By the Booklover. A study of genius equal to that of Anne Sedgwick's “Tante” is Thea Kronborg in Willa Cather's movel “The Song of the Lark.” Thea be- comes as great a musician as Tante but is not such an enslaver of other personalities. She is, however, fror her early childhood, dominant over people and over life. She knows by instinct, before real knowledge de- velops, ‘that she is -gifted and per- sistently, wordlessly, demands her chance. Thea’s mother only, in the large family, realizes that she is dif- ferent from the others and treats her differently. Old Prof. Wunch, a drunk- ard, but a real musi tells Mrs. Kronborg that Thea has talent. “That word ‘talent,” which no one else in Moonstone-—would have understood,| she comprehnded perfectly. To any other woman there it would have meant that a child must have her hair curled every day and must play in public. Mrs. Kronborg knew it meant that Thea must practice four hours a day.” So Mrs. Kronborg keeps the other children out of the parlor where Thea practices and sends her twice a week in Summer and once a week in Winter over the gulch to the Kohlers, where Wunsch boards. She also permits Thea to lie in bed Sunday mornings until she and ¥ tor Kronborg and the six other chil- dren have filed away to church. This favoritism and Thea's own quiet a: sumption of superiority cause a hos tile line-up on the part of her sister and brothers, so that her last at home is full of half concealed an- tagonisms. * k X ¥ With the exception of her mother, who understands her, Thea gets on better with men than with women. At every period of her life there are men ready to help her, men whos interest centers on her. When she 11 she almost dies of pneumonia. Dr. Archie, the chief of the two Moon- stone physicians, saves her life and knows that in doing so he has saved what he cares for most in the world. Years after, when she is a grea opera singer, he tells her: “As for me, life would have been a pret bleak stretch with you left out.”” Ra Kennedy, brakeman on the line b tween Moonstone and Denver, adores Thea when he is 30 and she is 11, and plans to marry her as soon as she is old enough; his small savings start her music study in Chicago. Old Prof. Wunsch love ‘Thy the only one of his pupils worth teaching, and recognizes the possibilities in her voice. “It was a nature-voice, Wunsch told himself, breathed from the crea- ture and apart from language, like the sound of the wind in the trees, or the murmur of water.” Harsanyi, her piano teacher in Chicago, discov- ers her voice. Her excessive vitality tires him, vet he gives her his time liberaliy. “He had never got so much back for himself from any pupil as he did from Miss Kronborg . She lifted the tedium of the Winter for him, gave him curious fancies and reveries.” Landry, a Connecticut farm boy, who has grown into a con- cert singer, meets Thea in Germany and becomes more interested in her and her voice than in himself and his own vofce. He plays for her when she cannot afford an accompanist and when she becomes great is satisfied with what friendship she can spare him. Finally, there is Fred Otten- burg, we: rewer, who meets Thea in Bowers' studio in Chicago, and 18 attracted by her Swedish fairness and the steely glint in her eves and her uncompromising frankness. Then he hears her sing and is enough of a connoisseur to realize her powers and her needs. So he joins Dr. Archie in watching Thea's career and lending a hand when it is wanted. ek Thea is perhaps a more interesting personality as a child, when she wheels her baby brother Thor about Moonstone and across the board walk over the sand gully to Uncle Billy Beemer'’s cottonwood grove, than she is when, as the famous Kronborg, she is singing the parts of Elizabeth, Ela, Sleglinde and Fnicka before large, enthusiastic audiences in New York. Through all her success, Moonstone and her early life are the standards she cannot get away from, and Dr. Archie says, I don't believe we should be any happier if we did get away from them.” Thea muses: “Nearly all my dreams, except those about breaking down on the stage or missing trains, are about Moonstone. You tell me the old house has been pulled down, but it stands in my mind, every stick and timber. In my sleep I go all about it and look in the right drawers and cupboards for everything. I often dream that I'm hunting for my rubbers in that pile of overshoes that was always under the hatrack in the hall. I pick up every overshoe and know whose it is, but I can't ind my own. Then the school bell begins to ring and I begin to cry. That's the house I rest in when I'm tired. All the old furniture and the worn spots in the carpet—it rests my mind to go over them. * K X ¥ Dr. Paul M. Paine, the librarian of the Syracuse Public Library, has re- cently published a ‘“Map of Good Stories.” On a map of the United States he has ingeniously marked out the sections in which famous pieces of fiction are laid. For example, Geor- gla is designated as Brer Rabbit's Patch; Uncle Tom's Cabin is shown in Kentucky; in Tennessee are found the Lonesome Pine, the Great Smoky Mountains and the home of the Prodi- gal Judge. Prominent in Virginia are Cartersville, the home of Colonel Car- ter, the Balisand plantations and Rich- ard Carvel's Jamestown. On the map Mark Twain’s River is conspicuous, as is the route of the Covered Wagon. Dr. Paine has a conventional sign to indicate both Zenith City and Main Street and has put one of them in each State, thereby apparently indi- cating that there are Main streets and Zeniths everywhere. Of almost equal interest is “The Gold Star List of American Fiction,” the eighth edition of which has just been published by the Syracuse Public Library. This list of about 500 titles specializes in his- torical backgrounds and local color and, in the words of the preface, en- deavors “in these trying times, to bé rather prudish than daring in its recommendations.” * K ok % “Perhaps it 1s not a bad thing that Mr. Bryan and the fundamentalls are stirring up the evolutionists to Interrupt for a moment their evolu- tlonary research in order to take stock of their present knowledge and to tell the public, in more or less in- telligible language, just where evo- lution now stands.” Thus Dr. Vernon Kellogg states the purpose of hi little book on “Evolution.” He has succeeded in supplying a readable explanation in untechnical language of what evolution is, its fundamental factors, its growth and triumph. Brief and simply told as his book is, it embodies the evidences and causes of evolution, a study of the evolution of plants, animals, man and mind, with a giance toward the future of the human race. Norwegian heart of patriotism and loyalty. President and Mrs. Coolidge, to- gether with Secretary of State Kellogg —from Minnesota—and Prince Olaf of Norway, are guests of honot. Among the speakers, besides the President, will be two Norwegian women-—Kris- tine Bonnevie, the only woman to hold thanl;fllg( lfl‘ flem!‘ in the Uni- versity slo, Astrup Larsen, a Norwegian woman editor. (Copyright, 3035, by Paul Y. Coltine.) Q. Where did the custom of wear- ing orange blossoms at weddings orig- inate?—N. C. W. ‘A. The custom is of Moorish origin Orange blossoms are symbolic of chas- tity and fecundity. Q. Are silver dollars still being coined? B. A. They are still coined. In 1923 silver dollars to the amount of $56,- 631,000 were minted Q. Why is cactus wood full of holes? —F.E. W. A. The Forest Service says that authorities do not agree as to why holes are found in cactus wood; how- ever, a scientist gives the following explanation which is generally accept ed; Cactus cannot afford to have solid wood because there is not enough fer tility and rain water in the soil to pro vide for it. Therefore, it is an economy of nature. Q. What are the requirements for a driver in automobile races’—G. F. A. The qualifications necessary for ae man to become a driver in auto races are that he be registered the contest board of the Amej Automoblle Association and in good standing with them, and have suf- ficient experience positively to warrant the officials permitting him to driv It is neces for an applicant for registration with the A. A. A. to qual- ity before receiving a license. The only exceptions to this are when an applicant is approved by one of their representatives or has the indorsement of three prominent and well known drivers. Q. 1f the King of England has daughters only, would the eldest be called the Princess of Wales’—R. M. | A. In the event of a default of & male heir to the throne of Great Brit- | in there is no precedent for a fe male heir to hold the title of Princess of Wales. Queen Victoria acceded to the throne under such conditions and did not bear the title. The wife of the Prince of Wales is the Princess of Wales. Q. Why is baking sour milk and baking sweet milk 7—R. H A. Sour milk is used with baking soda because sour milk contains lac- tic acid, which acid in the presence of moisture will liberate carbon diox- ide from the soda. This gas leavens the product in which it i used. Baking powder cons! of bi- carbonate of soda and some acid. The acld present will liberate the carbon dioxide from the soda and hence the sour milk is superfluous. Q. M. T. A. According to tradition, it wa: founded as early as 560 A.D. It owe its industrfal and commercial im- | portance to its |abounding in coal and iron, to its lo- cation near the mouth of the Clyde and to its wonderful harbor of 206 acres. Q. Should “all together” be writ- ten as one word’—B. A. “All together” as two words “Altogether” means oda used with | powder’ with How old a city is Glasgow?— Q. Was Lincoln under fire during the time Washington was bombarded? A. On the outskirts of the city was Fort Stevens, an attack upon which was made on July 12, 1864. The fort was regarded as the key to the de- fenses of Washington. It had an armament of 19 guns and which offi cally described as “a powerful and satisfactory work tack President Lincoln stood b: side of Gen. Wright on the exposed to the sharpshooters. little_ brigade of Union troops num- bered only 1,000 when it went into action; 250 men were lost. Q. Was the old West Theater the first theater in Annapolls, Md.?— N. A. B. A. The West Theater was opened February 18, 1769. It has been often erroneously called “the first theater in Annapolis,” but it was preceded by two theaters, one in 1752 and another in 1760. It is not known where these theaters were located, but the Mary- 1and Gazette has preserved the record of their existence. Q. Is there a place where both oceans are K. B. H. A. There is a hill in the Canal Zone from which both oceans can be seen. There was a local legend that it was from this hill that Balboa first saw the Pacific Ocean and it is com monly known as Balboa Hill. As a in Panama visible?— ituation in a district | During the at-| ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN than 100 miles to the southeast of the canal. Q. Why mately die A. Girdled trees inner bark or c living sapwood is severed. Vital con- nection is thus cut off between the roots, which take up water and raw food material, and the ves, which transform er and material into elaborated pla: Q. Which eling library A. The traveli today w of New of the New ¥c plement or stre in existence. Q. Who wa “Uncle Tom's A. She w Virginia-Ker ried Gen. Kennec Q. Is th or decreasin In 1850 s studied , and in 1§ Q. Why is 1s more prev irdled tree wultl- G. die because the mbial layer and will a W. W, lez raw food. had the first trav- M. C. library we know 1893 in the State leadership Melvil Dew study of Latin increasing G per stu- in 1900, 50.61 per rce 34.69 cent_of of gans has apparent! quent. be due, ternal ¢ nosed, tests in and | quently Q. Who were the three g als who were never defeate; T, A. Alexander the B. C.), Julius Caesar B..C.) and the Duke of (died 1852 Q. W A |are 2: Q. Why do horses eat b trees?—B. R A. When Great ter in their d found to be due Q. When moon"?- to bad the | period” of app two days before a the time of the new r | of the lunar | “light of th | ular expressions {ble of precise d |are usua |and retinned to be Q. What w | in New York ( A. Total ban York City in 000; New .M. Q. Is Palmy pendency and wa of the Novemby ducted b session of ngdom nexed by Great Britai American 1802, (Readers of The L send their question formation Bureau director, Tiwenty-1 northwest. The only charge for matter of fact, Balboa crossed the ithmus in the Darien region, more Utterances of American citizens in Europe, giving their views as to pub lic opinion here on war debts, have resulted in a merry row at home Representative Hamilton Fish of New York, taking notice of the President’ feeling that such utterances hamper the work of the State Department, proposes that the persons who make such statements as have been quoted be punished under the Logan act— an ancient statute of Benjamin Franklin's time. The American love of free speech is too strong, however, to permit many even among the severest critics of talkative travelers to advocate legal suppression. 'Mr. Fish's know- ledge of the law may be great,” the Lynchburg News admits, “and his interpretation of it accurate, but how many persons expect to see anvbody in jail as a result? To the American people it would look too much like creating the crime of lese majeste and entirely too much like strangulation of the right of free speech, a right that still exists, occasional evidence to the contrary notwithstanding. The contention that intelligent policy rests upon free expression is upheld also by the Wichita Beacon, which says: “This country cannot afford to be placed in the position of gagging its citizens. The inalienable right of here. Every citizen has the right to express his views on foreign debts.” * ok ok * Admitting this right of American citizens, the Cincinnati Times-Star, nevertheless, holds that “the place where self-appointed diplomats really should speak is the United States. The Cincinnati paper adds: “Here, and here alone, will the foreign policy of the United States be formed. The oratorical invasion of France by men who hold no official position would seem as officious as it is mischievous.” ‘A special obligation on the part of the men who have spoken is seen by the Watertown Times, which sug- gests: “No one denies that they have a right to talk, but they should re- member that they are more than private citizens. Mr. Gerard is a former Ambassador. Mr. Wickersham is a former cabinet member. Mr. Green is the chairman of the most important committee of the House of Representatives.” ““When Congressman William R. Green, who, as chairman of the ways and means committee, has no direct concern with foreign affairs, gives out his views,” observes the Wall Street Journal, “the position is com- plicated, and it is necessary to make to foreigners the distinction 3 free speech applies very pertinently ! service is 2 cents in stamps for rct postage.) Americans Abroad Start Free-Speech Row’a; Home lative branck delicacy chinery of the to foreign critics. partment will be at the showing French and E men the method in whi ness is conducted, it their intelligence to make correct valuations of the of Mr. Kahn, Mr. Gerard sham, Mr. Green or eve: * * ¥ * “There is a wide field of adjustment and arrangement,” remarks the Fort Worth Star-Tele i it i job of the governments of the two countries to find some suitable point for meeting. It cannot be aided by gratuitous assistance from private individuals. It is, moreover, a job that can only be hindered by indis criminate talk on either side of the ater.” “It may be that American opinior will change; but until it does changes probably more harm than good will result from the remarks which Mr, Kahn apd other American apologists are making,” says the Worcester Telegram. r. Kahn has no call to interpret the soul of the American people,” according to the Toledo Blade. So far, the ‘high official man’ has not extended his dis. pleasure to magazines and news- papers,” says the St. Louis Post-Dis- patch, “but that may well be the next step. No doubt Messrs. Kahn and ‘Wickersham will accept the rebuke offered, and be quiet in the future, But the incident is not likely to deter other mouthpieces of opinion not specifically mentioned.” The Dayton News contends “the expression of an individual carries the more weight in the absence of a firm government plan,” and the Brooklyn Eagle ob serves that “during a long pdf about the only way in which we kept in touch with European nations and with many international activities was rough these unauthori: agents. The Baltimore Evening Sun offers its own explanation for the contro versy: “Politicians have been kndv to call each other liars without casu! alties. They will remain unper. turbed in the face of profane epithets| But call one a politician and thel watch him swell with wrath.” The! Milwaukee Journal, minimizing “happy words at banquets,” suggests, however, that the Logan law “be tried out first on congressmen.” The Charleston Post sees a possibility of “every citizen being compelled to wear a mugzle whenever he leaves his home.” pains trust roug outgiving to ly Mr. Borah. spokes-