Evening Star Newspaper, February 23, 1925, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINCTON, D. C. MONDAY.....February 23, 1925 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company | Business Office, 11th St and Penneylvania Ave. New York Offee: 110 Kast 4und 8i Chicugo Offiee: Tower Bul'ding. European Office : 18 Regent 1., London, Kugland. nday morning within the s per month y only, 45 cents per month: Nunday only, 20 cenfs per % may be sent by meil or tele- plione Main 5000. Collection is made by car riers at the end of each month. Kate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday..1yr., $8.40;1 Daily only L1 yr, $6.00; Sunday enly.. L1yr., 82.40; All Other States Daily and Sunday.1 yr., $10.00; Daily only 1¥r. $7.00 Sunday only......1yr., $3.00; mo, mo, mo., Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all mews dis | patches credited to it or not otherwise credited D this paper and also the local news pub. All “rights of publication of al dispatches herein are also reserved The Founder. 1t is a favorite endeavor on the p of commentators on the character career of George Washington, 193d anniversary of whose birth the Nation es today. to him in present-day conditions. a futile and impossible undertaking. George Washington was a man essen- | tially of his own period. He had pre-| cminently the qualities of leadership required for that time, for that par-| ticular task which became his to per- form, through circumstances net of his making. but through qualifications that were his priceless possessions. | George Washington was the “man | of the hour” in 1776 and for the en- suing two decades, when the republic was in formation and organization. He above all of his compatriots was qualified to advise and to lead, and | when organization was effected and independence was won to administer | national affaire. There was no dissent | from his choice as President. He had | rendered an extraordinary service as commander-in.chief of the Revoly: tionary Army. His faith, his ability, | his courage, his unfaltering devotion | brought victery. In administrative of- fice he was far-seeing, wise, tolerant, vigorous and judicial. He laid the, foundations of Government broadly and strongly. As history unfolds the debt of the American people to him gfrows greater than it appeared at the time he rendered these services. Time will not lessen but will rether mag- nify that debt. But to ptace George Washington in imagination in relation to present-day ! affairs is to take him out of the en- vironment in which his great ability | was most needed and when it was| most effectively applied to the solution of the problems of the new republic. It is not assured that he would view affairs today as he viewed them a century and a half ago. It is not as- sured that his leadership would be so unanimously followed, that his judg- ment would be so generally respected. And to suggest this is not to iessen in any degree the high merit of the man or the incalculable value of his service. As the years pass the significance of | this day on which his birth is com- memorated increases. George Wash- ington has become the ideal American citizen. The glory of his name in- creases with time. The value of the services he rendered is steadily more appreciated. These annual ob- servances have their constructive value and add to the strength of the great structure built upon the foun- dations which Washington laid. t nd the | obser imagine is is -t The disinclination of people to pro- tect themselves is manifest not only in violations of traffic regulations and prohibition laws. In spite of modern enlightenment there are still a few | who are vaccinated only under com- puision. ———— Every investigation brings up the question of whether it is safe toarouse too much popular interest without being at the same time officially con- vincing. . While without a non-partisan or- ganization, the attitude of the G. O. P. Mr. La Follette very nearly non-partisan as an individual in poli- leaves The Guggenheim Gift. Simon Guggenheim, former United s Senator from Colorado, has made a noble addition to the record of tructive benefactions. He and his wife have given, as a memorial to their son, who died while a student at college, the sum of $3,000,000 as a pre- liminary endowment for 50 fellowships for international study. These fellow- ships will constitute an American sup- plement to the Cecil Rhodes scholar- ships, to which young American stu- dents are eligible. Under Mr. Guggen- heim's plan American scholars older than those admitted to the benefits of the Rhodes endowment may go to Eu- rope for post-graduate and sabbatical- leave studies. It is estimated that cach fellowship will have a financial value of about $2,500, although this amount may be increased or decreased as the individual need of the student re- quires. The age limit is from 25 to 35 years. The period of study is basically stated as one year, though, like the financial allowance, this may be in creased according to circumstances. Indeed, the terms of the endowment con '- similar opportunity for older stu- dents of proved stability, and for wom- en as well as men, A board of trustees i educational advisory board has also | been sefected, representative of the educational institutions of this coun- try. It is to be noted that the pres- |ent gitt is announced as “preiim- | inary.” Thig indicates that the sum t0 be devoted to this great educational work will be incieased as needs arise. | This is the latest of u series of rich | ifts to the cause of education during | @ brief perisd. American men of wealth | bave in increasing measure in recent | years been giving of thelr abundance | to this constructive work of -education and enlightenment. Some of them have sought to promote the schooling of the people of the more backward sections, to reach the younger genera. tion of limited mears; others have | sougbt. as in Mr. Guggenheim's case, promote post-graduate study. Al contributed richly to the intel- advancement of the country. e The Pay of Judges. A bill Las just been reported to the House, with the approval of the com- mittee on judiciary, providing for a horizontul increase in the pay of Fed- eral judges. This measure, though coming in for consideration at the close of the session, should be rated as one of the items of business surely named and an | to be purzed before adjournment. For it is not only a measure of justice to the me.. who are sitting on the Fed- eral bench, but a measure also of wis dom to maintain the standard of the courts which are engaged in the in- terpretation and application of the| laws of the United States. Congress has just voted an increase | of salary to its own members and to the heads of departments. That action was a just recognition of the fact that the compensation of national legisla- tors has not been adequate. The same consideration applies to the pay of the members.of the various Federal courts, and there is even more reason for ac- tion upon this pending measure. For when a man is named and accepts service as a member of the judiciary he must surrender all emoluments and opportunities for financial reward out- side of his official duties. He must de- vote himeelf exclusively to his judicial task. He has not even the chances of a member of Congress for private oc- cupation. In the report of the House commit- tee on this bill it is set forth that since 1891 the salary of district judges has been raised 50 per cent, that of circuit judges 381z per cent and that of Su- preme Court judges 16 per cent. Dur- ing the same period the general pur- chasing power of a dollar has de- creased from 100 to about The wages of farmhands has increased 500 per cent, of stenographers 350 per cent, of housemaids 400 per cent, of bricklayers 450 per cent and of schoel teachers 250 per cent. In 1891 a dis- triet judge was paid about seven times the annual wage of a mason. At pres- ent a Federal district judge receives less than twice as much as & brick- layer. Under the present salary scale the entive Federal judiciary cests only $1,535.991.91, or less than a cent and a half for each person in. the United States. The bill now pending will, if enacted into law, add to this sum $743,000, and the total cost will still be less than 2 cents a year for each per- son. The United States Government pays its law interpreters, its Federal judges, less than many of the States pay their jurists. The salaries of the judges of the State of New York at this time exceed the total amount paid to all of the Federal judges. In the country as a whole the State judges cost the peo- ple of the States an average of 12 cents a person annually: in New York they cost an average of 16.72 cents per person. These are striking, convincing fig- ures. The men chosen for the Federal Jjudiciary are selected for their ability and integrity. Such a selection is an honor. It should not he a sacrifice. The present scale of judicial pay is such that many worthy, able men hesi- tate about acceptance when appoint- ment is tendered. That bar should be removed. This pending bill will re- move it. Its passage is demanded both in justice to those who are now giving themselves' to the most important work of the Federal Government and in justice to the people of this coun. try, who should be assured of a judi- clary composed of the best men {o be found. ————— Every man of historic eminence has a certain mythical side to his char- acter. The cherry tree story about George Washington has had its an- nuael turn in public attention. In the case of a man of less exalted character it"'would create an impression of ab- surdity. Though long since relegated to the rcalms of fable, it remains a landmark indicating the popular faith and admiration accorded him. ——————— An attack of bronchitis must be re. garded as wasted on an eminent per- sonage why talks as discreetly and as little as King George does. —————————— Fewer grandstands on Pennsylvania avenue will give inauguration visitors a better opportunity to see what the Nation’s Capital really looks like. Lon Reward of the World Flyers. At this stage of the session bills shuffle are now and again brought forth for consideration in one house or the other, and in the absence of objec- tion are passed. A great deal of busi- ness is thus transacted despite the are unusually liberal and flexible. Mr. Guggenheim's gift is inspired by the desire to aid American students and instructors of youth to extend their studies. He believes that the quality of education in America will be improved thereby. He hopes that international understanding will be promoted, though there is no political aspect to the benefaction. This gift was inspired by Cecil Rhodes' founda- tion, which the present donor has congestion. Faor example, on Saturday the House bill for the recognition and reward of the world flyers was brought before the Senate during the Muscle Shoals debate and was passed, the Senate concurring in the measure with- out amendment, thus assuring its enactment. ‘When the American airmen circled the globe there was an immediate out- burst of praise and a demand that their intrepid performance be recog- watched with interest during the 21 hized in a substantial manner. That which have apparently been lost in the | the fAight, will be advanced 1,000 files in his vank, and Lieuts. Leigh Wade, i Leslie P. Arnold and Erick H. Nelson 500 fles in theirs. These promotions are not, however, to lessen the promo- tion chances of other officers. They are edditional to the normal advances in rank. Sergt. Henry H. Ogden and John Harging, jr., may be commis- sioned second lfeutenants. Al of these men, together with Maj, Frederick L. Marfin and Sergt. Alva L. Harvey, are ito be presented with distinguished service medals, and all are authorized to accept any medals or decorations bestowed upon tigem by foreign gov- ernments, . This 1s a dignified reward for the men who in discharge of their duty undertook a hazavdous task. They were chosen out of a large field of vol- unteers, all eager for the assignment. They accomplished their purpose and carried the flag of the United States avound the werld in the air. pioneers in civcumavigation, The reward is con- fined to military lines and does not ! prejudice otiers in the service, This is @ just recognition of fdelity and skijl and courage. King George's Health. Anxety for the state of King George's health has been’ expressed in digpatches from Londen dascribing the attack of influenza from which he has lately been suffering. Tt is natural that keen concern should be felt when the British sovereign is ill, wWhatever the cause. Influenza is prevalent at present in England, and in a severe form. The King's ailment appears to be of a type calculated to cause grave uneasiness, and it is not surprising | thet his physicians have ordered him to recuperate in a milder climate as soon as he is able to travel. George V is now in his sixtieth year. Though net of an unusually sturdy constitution, he has led a normally healthy life. So far as known he has heen free from ailments of a serious nature. Of course, his health has been guarded jealously, During the strain of the Great War his strength was de- pleted by assiduous devotion to duty. He labored diligently in every possi- ble way that was open to one in his position. He emerged from that severe trial somewhat exhausted, and excep- tional precautions were then taken to restore him to full heaith. The present plan is that the King will take a cruise in the Mediter ranean, doubtiess eschewing all cer monies and obligations eof effice and rank in order te obtain a complete rest. The mere fact that this unusual step has been taken is an indication that the attack from which the King is now recovering has been of & dan- gezous nature. Universal hope is felt that it will result in his full and speedy restoration to health. ——— According to a few economic ex- perts it will be difficult to eradicate bootlegging until some way is found to render it unprofitable as well as perilous. Human nature has long been accustomed to risk life for the sake of money. ————et—————— Political confusion in Germany per- sists, It is difficylt to give much seri- ous consideration to suggestions that France is as much afraid of the Berlin politicians as the Berlin politicians are of each other. ————————— Debate on Muscle Shoals must be in- dulged, in spite of the fact that agri- culture long since began to feel that it has been a long time to wait for the mitrate. r————————— The charge “drunk while driving” usually links up with @ large number of serious offenses. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. No More to be Said. Frivolity is now displayed In print and picture, too. The world's apparently afraid Jests may become too few. Since Science has gone on for years New marvels to discern, ‘We'll pause end laugh; it now appears ‘We've nothing more to learn, The gossip has been all disclosed. Truth revels unconcealed. The fashions are quite frankly posed. No more need be revealed. No information new we meet. Let's laugh. We may as well. Our earthly knowledge is complete. ‘There's nothing more to tell. No Choice. “A statcsman must be courageous,” remarked the admiring friend. “He not only ought to be,” answered Senator Sorghum. “The way debate now warms up he’s got to be.” Appeal to the Ear. One orator will win applause Because of words so choice. Another makes a hit because He has a lovely volce. Jud Tunkins says he doesn't believe in cultivatin’ a taste for scandal be- cause it gets a person in the habit of hopin’ for the worst. High and Low of It. A “highbrow” is a man most wise Who doth with other “highbrows" join An easy system to devise For sgathering in the coin. “lowbrow" Necessity. “How do you account for the fact that so many farmers are complain- ing?” “I suppose it's just in the natural order of things,” answered Farmer Corntossel. “For political purposes there must be people who complain so that statesmen can retain their infly- ence by sympathising with them.” Beesting. We ought to boost and seek to bring Conditions that make all go well. Some of us do not hoost a thing Except the price of what we sell. “A friend,” said Uncle Eben, “dat’ll BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Last Autumn T had the pleasure of reviewing In this column a wonderful first book of poems, “The Janitor's Boy,” by Nathalia Crane, eleven vears old, of Brooklyn, N.Y. Here was @& “ehild genius” who really was a genius. About a month later the following letter from Brooklyn pleased me very much; “Your most gracious words about ‘The Janitor's Boy’ came to me sev- eral weeks ago, and 1 have always felt the desire to thank you. Pleasc believe that the desire grew not only from the very sweet praise, but from the understanding of my sete. “Mrs. Adele Seltzer sent me many writings cut from prints but only in yours did 1 find that which perchance 1 had hoped for, It was the feeling that some one really knew me, “To me your review was a lovely interpretation. “Father and mother bid me express the hope that some time when you are in New York, you will honor me with your presence. “Please believe me always, “Wiih deepest respect. “NATHALIA CRANE." This ought to set at rest once and for all the myth that the small poet does not “ever read the reviews of her books,” There I8 scarcely an article written about her that does not con- tein some such statemen:, but we know at least ome review she has resd, do we not? Such a letter, from such a gifted child, 1 consider an honor, just as much as if 1 had reviewed the “Ode on Selitude,” written by Alexander Pope, when he was about 12 years old, and bad received @ similarly fine letter from him. * v % What & rare child and poet Pope was, to be sure! He was the one, who “lisped in mumbers, for the num. bers cam He was a poer born, just as Nathalia Crane Is a born poet. Take that “Ode on Solitude” writ- ten in a little cottage at Bifleld, in the midst of Windsor Forest, faMous old Windsor Forest. Happy the man whose wish and care A few pater: s bonnd, Content to breathe his mative air. Ta b Fround Whose herds with milk, whose felds with bresd, Whope #ocks supply him with attire, Whose trees in Summer yieid bim shade, in W.nter fire. Blest. whe can uncencersedly find Hours, @ays and years slide woft away, in healih of body, pesce of mind, Quiet my dar. Sound seep b ; study and Together mixed; wweel reer Aud inwocence. which most does please With meditation. Thus Jet me Jive, yoseen, usknown, Taus unismented Tet me d e Stesl from the world, and nol 2 stone Teil where 1 lie. To mateh that work of genius at a tender age, one will have to read our own Willlam Cullen Bryant's “Than topsis,” written when that poet w about 16 years old. Or the best poems in_“The Janitor's Boy." Pope was a sickly child, a sickly man, who went through life with a Jacket around his bedy, so ill, at times, that it was necessary for him to_be strapped up in order to exist. There was nothing sickly about his flashing mind, however. On# need make no apology for his somewhat satirical trend; satire is a needed thing, in some days and ages, and Pope's age was one when iU was needed very much Only the other day I read a state- ment by an eminent author (whose name I cannot recall) to the effect that one is able to find in Pope the quintessence of English philosephy. Indeed, the “Eszsay on Man” and the “Moral Essays,” do contain a mind of bright philosophy. you remember, It would not be surprising to find that Pope, with the usual inconsider. ate_manper bf the ill, had maneg to be m brighter optimist thun the healthy writers, and a firmer beljever in true religion tham mamy of the ious. * ¥ ¥ % Alexander FPope born May 2, 1688, in London, the son of a weli-to- o tradesman, who fostered the poetic bent of Ris child, fostend of hinder- ing it, a5 so many parents have done before and since, Writing poetry is no ecrime when the poet cam write it as Pope did. Later removing to Windsor Forest, young Pope ot a taste of eountry life. He was a precocious child. At 14 vears he made poetic transiation of Latin and Greek, and as a vouth published his “Pastorals,” stiil inter- esting on amccount of their smooth facility. Pope soon became fashionable. His couplets were the “rage” With the pubHeation of the “Rape of the Lock,” which strikes us mow as al- most 00 smooth, he was an assured success in the field of verse. His lite thenceforth was given over 1o poetic work, including his trans- Ilation of Homer's “Iliad.” "It is very pretty, Mr. Pope, but it is mot Homer,” sald a critic, and that criti- cism remains just to this day. 4id use a pretty free hand in han- dling Homer, as any one can see who will read William Cullen Bryants blank verse tramslation in compari- son. But Pope did manage to recall Homer to the men of his day, which was a feat in itself, and he did con- trive to complete the transiation in couplets, « tour de force, ff you ask me. What is't 1o me (2 passes Whether my vessel ve 0 The whip itsell may o ik Pat 1 taat sall am peither lens oor 1 neither strat with ev'ry fav'ring bresth, Nor strive with all the tempext (0 tay teeth. in power, wit, figure. virtue. fortuse placed Behind the foremosi, and before the lawt So Pope. Gescribed himself, and the description fits most men. There is a certain home-like quality about Pope’s polished couplets that utterly makes the reader forget the time the man must have spent upon them, and brings them home to our hearts and bosoms, as If they were just so much ordinary tea-table comversation What reader does not respond to those opening lincs of the epistie of the “Essay on Ma Kasow then thyealt, presume uot God to scan: BRI or God wot) Tiute oc He hangs beiween, fn doubt o act or rest, Tn doubt to deem Wimseif a god or beast. 1n doabt his mind or body o prefer. Rern but to die asd reasoning but 1o erT. Alike in fgoorance. hix reason Whether he thinks 00 little or tes much: Chnos of thought and passion. all confused. Atill by himself abused or disabused : Created balf ts rise and haif to faii. Groat_lord of all thivgs, prey to ail; Sole Judge of truth, in endiess error hurled ; The glory. Jest, and riddle of the world! - Somehow, those last lines remind one of the bitter ones on Goethe's bust Life is & jest, and all things show i(: 1 thought 80 once, and Bow I know There is this difference, however: The latter are harsh; Pope never. Be- neath the cynielsm of his lines re- main the broad outlook of the philos- opher who had viewed entire uni- verse and pronounced his judgment ope with that of God—that it was good. For Pope was the poei, be it re- membered, who enriched the common speech of all English-speaking peo- ples with such understanding lines as: To err is human: to forgive divine. Fools rush in where angels fear to tread. An hovest man's the moblest work of God. The feust of reavon and the Sow of moul. A Mttle learning is a dasgerons thing. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE Despite the mudslinging of the aircraft controversy, Washington is convinced its net effect will be wholesome. 1t has given the whole iden of an air force for national de- fense the best advertisement it ever had. Gen. Mitchell's friends say that was the fighting fiyer's principal ob- jective. Mitchell may have taken @ leaf out of the late Lord North- cliffe’s notebook. When Northcliffe unched his famous “shells scandal” against Lord Kitchener in the Spring of 1915, he assailed the British mili- tary idol for a definite purpose. Northeliffe told this observer: “When vou stert out on a crusade of this kind you've got to call names, or you don’t get amywhere. Abstract crifi- m in & crisis is always a wash- Specific attack s all t counts. Kitchener, personally, responsible for the shortage of shells of the right kind on the western front, and I said so. If I'd said the ‘government’ or the ‘war office’ w responsi! nobody would have taken any ‘notice. When 1 said exactly who responsible, every- body took notice. PR Rear Admiral Charles F. Hughes, who revealed to the House aircra quizzers that he and a staff were board U. S. S. Washington when she was bombed off the Virgin Capes, is one of our grizsled sea scrappers. A New Englander by birth, he took part in the battle of Manila and in the capture of Vera Cruz in 1914, and during the World War commanded the battleship New York during the entire period of its inclusion in the British grand fleet in the North Sea. Hughes was one of the American admirals who, with Beatty, took the surrender cf the German fleet at Scapa Flow. For two years after the armistice Admiral Hughe: commanded the navy yard at Philadelphia. * ok ok ¥ One of Uncle Sam's able young “career diplomats,” Jefferson Caffery of Louisiana, will shortly arrl in Washington from his t in Japan. Mr. Caffery for two years has been counselor of the American embassy at Tokio. During the long interval between Mr. Woods' resignation and Mr. Bancroft's arrival in Japan, Caffery was acting Ambassador. He is completing his fourteenth year in the foreign service, having been om duty since 1911 in Venezuela, Sweden, Russia, Persi: Spain and Greece. After the armistice Mr. Caffery was attached to the King of the Belgians and the Prince of Wales when they visited the United States. PR Representative William E. . Hull, Republican, of Tllinols (there are four Hulls in the House) was once one of the famous distillers of America at Peoria, Ills. Now his specigity in lite is waterways, which, he con- fesses, were not always his ways, though he happens to be a total ab- stainer. Mr. Hull is fighting in Con- gress for a Great-Lakes-to-Gulf canal, which would pass through his section of Illinois. The Peoria Representative has given himself a unique deserip- tion in the autobiographical section of the Congreasional Directory. He says he's just “a business man.” * ok k% Despite the drab and dreary dlmfin mions of the Coolidge inauguraf 5 the railroads of the country announce excursion rates to Washington from many quarters. “‘Cals™ own balllwick, New England, took the lead in that direction, New England lines having vears of ils operation. He feels that | has now been dome by act of Cengress. | share his last dollar ain’t much help.' announced that they will placs on it has more than justified the vision of | which will doubtless receive Executive | It 'ud be better foh you an] him to go|sale a retura ticket to Washington, its founder. He now wishes (o supple- | approval and become law. By this act | to werk so's you'll have mo' dan 50 jment the Rhodes foundation by giving Capt. Lowell H. Smith, the leader of " cents apiece.” good from March 1 to 9, at the rate of a fare and a half for the round trip. The Southwestern Passenger Association is also offering reduced rates, Including points from Mexico. A rate of a fare and 2 half has been authorized from practically all sta- tions east of the Mississippl River. Eow w ‘Washington has been hearing some lectyres from John Towmer Frederick, editor of the Midiand (nabitat, Towa City, Towa) on the subject of “Litera- ture of the Middle West.” High-browad Eastern authorities, who don't always take the wide-open spaces seriousiy from an intellectual standpoint, have calied the Midland “the most significant literary publication in America.” It has Deen in existence 10 years. One of its claims to distinction is that it is an un- commercial magazine and not endowed. Its editor receives no pay for his serv. ices. H. L. Mencken, cynic and eritic, thinks the Midland “is probably the most important literary magazine ever estab- lished in the United States.” Mr. Fred- erick publithed his first novel, “Druida,” in 1920. He soon will publish another, “Green Bush,” a story of the Michigan country bordering on. Lake Huron, where the author cleared the land and built a home. * % ¥ % Over in the archives of the Federal Trade Commission rests a complaint said to have been lodged by a ‘great Euro government againet eertain celebrated American exporting interes The Americans are accused, in effect, of palming off below-standard goods on the country in question—whole shiploads of them. The Federal Trade Commis- sion’s jurisdiction in the matter seems to be conferred by laws which give them authority to investigate certain prac- tices in the American foreign trade. The case in question is nearly a year old, but has never reached the stage of gen: eral public discussion. * ok ok American-European tobacco trade has reached a degres of importance that makes it useful for the United States to have a specia!l “tobacco commis. ioner” on permanent duty “over there.' Department of Commerce has such an appointment in prospect. (Copyright, 1925.) Says Answer Is Wrong. Reader Challenges Statement on General Accounting Office. - To the Editor of The Star; Fredério J. Haskin, author of the entertaining book. “The American Government,” ought to know better. Several times I have seen refer- ences in the news columns of The Star to the General Accounting Office “of the Treasury Department.” [Anme General Accounting Office 1 part of the Treasury Departm: lack of other accommodations, cupies part of the Treasury Depart- ment bulldings, several floors of the Post Office. Department — directly. across the Avenue from The Star— and has space in numerous other ildings. Senator Smoot's commis- slon recognizesd that the need of the General Accounting Ofice for a build- ing of its own, adequate for its pur- poses, Is second only to that of the Department of Agriculture. The General Accounting Office is under the direction of J. R. McCarl, Controller General, who ia responsi- ble to the President and Congress. ‘The office was created in the same act which established the Budget Bureau— the budget and accounting act, effec- tive July 1, 1921, 1 -u.‘.‘q\ that The smmgzluuwo that act and r:w . Haskin to publish a more enlightening answer to the interest- ing question, “Is there an accounting ‘branoh of the Government.” JOHN W. CHRBISTIE. .} See’ Simple Inaugural As Wise Coolidge Act| Hardly a dissenting voice is heard among the editors of the country upon President Coolidge’s veto of an osten- tatious iraugural and his demand for the simplest of ceremonies. The gen- eral sentiment of approval given carries wiin it the statement that the President in taking this stamd is not making a “grandstand” play toward Jeffersonian simplicity, but is following a natural bent against pomp aed ceremeny and | displaying his well known trait of rigid | sadness nigh the Phila- edger, “Washingtor surrenderse (o the mew kind of inauguration. Warren G. Harding re- vived the Jertersonian trend in inaugu- rale. There was no Ball in 1921. The parade had no thunder in its feet. Now comes this New Englander who does not know how to dance, this Yankee who knows the value of a dollar. There has been nothing quite like it since. Tom Jofferson rode his nag up the hill, wrapped the bridle reins around a pest and went in and kissed the hool The New York World adds: not belleve that he has abandoned any- thing very much worth saving. He keeps the ride to the Capitol, where he will take the oath of office and deliver his inaugural address: he will return through Ynnsylvania avenwe with a small company of military detachments | now on duty in Washington and a dozen or 80 governors attended by their staffs. Mr. Coolidge’s decision agafmst spend- ing much of the public’s money on all of this is taken on grounds of economy. He might have reached the same docision as an artist.” The attitude of the President is not determined wholly by attachment to 2 policy of economy,” the Minneapalis Tribune thinks. “He has simple ‘astes, and he Jives. so far as he may. the: sim- p'e lite. With him it is & plain cave of habit, not one of affectation.” The Paesi- dent doesn't dance himself, remarks the Anaconda Standard, “and, even if he @d, what with his well known views on economy and simplicity he is not the kind of man to Jead grand marches asd exhibit his proficiency in the gentle a of shimmying at swell public balls. However, the Standard continues, “with! Gen. and Mrs. Dawes (o lead the lesser celebrities, the dance will be on, joy will be unconfined, there will be eclat enough for all and the ball won't be such & wide y and unto tears delphia Public with declares vitch as the grandstand has feared.”” ithe *x % % “The President dislikes pageantry. says the St. Joseph News-Press “1t Is not a pose, assumed for effect. but a natural anmtipathy, like that of some men for co'ored vests and flashy neckties. 1In this Executive ban on pomp and circumstance the country ts getting a samnle of the granite character imported from Vermont, | where simplicity and directness have | been ingrained for a couple of cen- | turies.” “We imagine the Washington hotel- | keapers and other residents of that | city with personal interests at stake are rather wroth with the Presi- dent,” observes the Columbus Ohio State Journal, “but the people of the | country at large are with him on the economy issue and like his plain ways becauss they are natural to him.” While the Worcester Telegram agrees: “The country as a whele will applaud the President's comrse. The | inauguration of a Presidemt is not | really a social affair. It }s & serious | governmental ceremony, and jnothing | will be lost if it is not made ‘the oc- | casion for great social activhty. It | is safe to predict that the inaggura- | tion next month will be as dignified and impressive as anv in the past.” Mr. Coolidge’s disapproval of pre- tentious ceremony, thinks the Alshe- ville Times, of a piece with: his| character.” It adds: “It is as nata ral an expression of his New England upbuilding as the nasal tone of his voige” The Kansas City Star sui- mises: “Whether the President s through whittling down the program of the inaugural committee is uncer— tain, but it now seems the expense: of the purely spectacular part of the event has been reduced from the first estimate of $100,000 to $450. Maybe the Prasident will allow that much to be spent, even if it is a waste. It will go for badges, and we suppose the inauguration wouldn't be ofcial without badges. Nothing else in America s “While it is proper that the cere- monies should be impressive” the Fargo Tribune thinks, "befitting the inaugural of a Chief Magistrate of 80 great a republic, yet it is just as well to make it a simple affair, for | such an inaugural will help to im- pross anew upon the country the President’s viewpoint that real and sound economy, both governmental and private, wili promote the Nation's welfare more than any other one thing at this time.” But, “aside from the question of economy,” asks the Waterloo Tribune. “why the pomp and splendor? We are not crowning a king. All we are doing is estabs lishing an American citizen in a job.” The El Paso Herald reflects: “Jeffer- sonian simplicity is well enough to | talk about, but that part of Wuh.! ington which has its eye on the dol- jar wonders why a Republican Presi- ent xhould be emulating such Demo- crats as Jefterson and Cleveland any- how! Urges Law to Stop Alien Bootlegging BY JOHN L. LEWIS, President of the United Mine Workers of Ameriea. Right now. when there is widespread unemployment in the United States, is a good time to give thouzht to the shameful business of “bootlegging” aliens into this country from Canada and Mexico. There would not be so much unemployment among American workers if it were not for this ghastly traffic in human beinge. It s estimated that fully 160,000 alien laborers are thus {llegally imported into the United States each year, and they almost in- variably are taken directly to the great industrial centers. where they can easily lose thelr identity while work- ing in the mills and shops. Thousands of laborers have been sneaked into the United States and put to work in coal mines, taking jobs thet rightfully belong to good Ameri- cans. It is merely another of the law- less methods of certain big employvers to batter down the level of wages of the workere of the country. These em- ployers have put but one thought in mind, and that is dividends and profits, and they can make U r profits by em- {loyln. cheap alien lal in preference 'o American labor. ‘What the United States needs is an immigration law, rigidly enforced, that ‘would keep out this undesirable class of laborers. It should be a law with teeth in it and it should be enforced with all of the vigor and all of the resources of the American Government. It is & burn- ing shame for these employers to force 80o0d American citizens to walk the streets jobless, while they {legally im- port aliens into the country by bootleg methods to work for starvation wages. Congress could do no better thing at this moment than to enact a law that would make it impossible for this thing to continue and then make ample pro- vision for the strict enforcement of the exclusion law. (Copyright, 1025.) Jones Pays, After All. From the Houston Post-Dispatch. ‘Who pays the taxes of the railroads,|and toilet supplies and chemicals, | the electric light company, the gas company, the street railway company and all other service companies but the guy who patroniges them? Who but the same old Jones, who toils and sweats for every cent that taxation wrings out of those to whom dollars go? & G. officers and process. n sthe ‘Episeopal ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASEIN Q. Please give some data on the President’s yacht—W. G. K A. The Mayflower was built by J.| Thompeon, Clydebank, Scot- land. The purchase price was $430,- 000. The vessel has & length of 273 feet; beam, 36 feet: mean draft, 17 feet 4 inches; maximum speed, 1.5 | knots It has 18 staterooms and a personnel of 11 officers, 21 chief petfy 139 _other enlisted men. | 24953 — | Q." 1= there a blue robin?—E. E r A. The robin and the bluebird be- long to the same family of thrushes and are somewhat alike in appear- ance. | Q. Afe black cats considered good luck or bad luck?—L. M. P. | A A black cal runing across the path in some countries is considered & bad and in otheré a good omen This superstitition probably had its origin in the fact that black mls‘ are in mythology inseparably associ-| ated with witches, who had the pow- | er to bring either good luck or mis- fortune. Q. What country has the population and what one the est ?7—J. A. China, largest | small- including her depend-| encies, has the largest population, | 875,000.000. Andorrz has the small- est population, 5. Q. What the most expensive church in the United States?—J. A. D. A. The Cathedral of St. John the Divine, in New York City, when com- pleted will probably be the most| costly echurch building in Ameriea.| In its present unfinished condition it represnts an outlay of $5,311,538. The | estimuted total is to be ap-| proximately $2 Q. What is the animals called?—I1 A. In the United States the lead animal is usually called a bell mare, bell mule, lead raare or lead horse. Q. What makes ridged?—H. D. B. A. Furrows of the nails are some- times caused by a local disease which can only be presgribed for by ® phy- sician. ¥ these ridges grow toward | end of the nail, they may be | eventually removed by the trimming | If they are longitudinal they | wannot be removed Dy this method, but can only be improv8d bystherough wolishing | Q of pack the finger nails | What is meant by a churchman | ureh?—G. G | A. The mame “Churchman” is ap- | wigable only to those who are ac- tusitly /imembers of the church and Bot to members of the congregation. | 3 | @ What is regar |award in the gift Academy *—H A. The reward of the Saltus medal is 50 regarded. In 1924 it was won by | Laura Gardin Fraser Q. How many game wardens does theaGovernment employ?R. L. T. | A. The Biolggical Survey says that | thege are 25 Fedeval game wardens for the United States, including Alastka. Some of these men have fromz. one to three States to survey. Q. What battleships of P. E 4. A. In accordance with the lnm—( tation of armament conference, the following capital ships are retained by the United States: Maryland, Cal- ifornia, Temnessee, Idaho, co, Missisaippi, Arigona, Pennsy!va. nia, Okiehoma, Nevada, New ¥ork. are the names of the the United swws?f1 Texas, Arkansag, Wyoming, Florida, | Ctah, North DaKota and Delaware. Q. What is the meaning of a with & ecirele around ?—A. J A. A “c” inclosed in & circle is an abbreviated form of the capyright notice used 'by provision of the copyright law upon photographs, pictures and similar works of art. on which the complete notice would detract from the beauty of the picture What is the Middle Kingdom?— 3. P A. China is wveferred to as the Afiddle Kingdom. This is a transia- tion of Tchang-Kove. ofythe world. | that his" time has expired | whose Senatocns object to the | was pronounced Te'vo-le ew Mexi- | The name was | ad opted on ‘the belief of the Chinese | 1t their kingflom was the center | Q. What is the Federated Council on Art Education?—C. H. E. A. This s a new organization form- od by Tepresentatives of four partici- pating organizations—the Eastern Arts Assoctation, the Western Arts ‘Association, the National Federation of Arts and the Anferican Institute of Architects. Roysl Batley Farnum is the president of the mew counc Wwhich numbers members. & Q. What B. D A. This is a term applied to cinitom in the United States Senate by which the procedure of that bod is tawsed chiefly on the honor of Sena tors rather than upon strict rules such #& thase which exist in the House of Representatives. It is part 6f senatorial courtesy that member shall not be interrupted course ¢f a speech on the ground that pe sonal regyiests of .Senators for the immediate, consideration of a bill shall be gwanted, and that the Senai« will refuse to confirm the nominatio of an appoimiment to office in a Stats person nominated. A3 a resuit of this un written rule it is often necessary for the President t consult beforehand with the Senatoxs from a State in which he is called upon to make an &ppointment. Q is senatorial courtesy” Where do we gt sion “cold shoulder”?—J. G. Q. A. In medieval days jn Fregnce was customary to serve hot voasts when entertaining guesfs. If' the guests outstayed their welcome old shoulder” was served insicad of hot meat s Q. What i the origin of the word Tivoli and how is it pronounced” W. F. B A. The name “Tivoli,” as applied theaters at the present time, is un doubtedly connected with Tiyeli, an encient town of Ialy, which was a well known pleasure resort near Rome. The name of the ancient city The pro- nunciation in the United States, how ever, as of the town by this name New York, Is Tiv'o-li Q. Just what is included phrase “big game?’—S. A A. The term “big game” is elasti but is generally understood 1o include all wild mammals larger than the common fox. the expree in the Q. What three words in the English language contain all the vowels their proper order’—N. N. M A. Abstemiously. facetiously and ar nious. as the highest the Nationxl s | @ When w Robinson Crusoe |'written?—F. V. A. Daniel De Foe's novel Crusoe,” was published on &pril 25, 1719. “Robinson or about Q. How long was the Roman meas- ‘,’urn which corresponded to the foot? ~—L. H A. The pes with a length of | contimeters or 11.64 inches was the Roman measure — Q. Is there a snake that is called | walking stick?—R. P. T. | A. The Biological Survey says that | there is no.snake known as the walk ing stick. This, however, is an insect ’lvf the orthopterous family Phasmi dae, especially one of those form destituteof wings, in which the body |1s tong. Slender afd cvlindrical like |2 small stick, the legs being slend. and gelicate, agd Tesembling little twigs (e of The | send their questions Jormation Bureau, Dircctor, Twenty-first and C strecta northwest. The only charge for this | sarvice is 2 cents in stamps for return | poatage.) wening Star showld to The Star In- rederic J. Haskn THE STORY OF THE FRENCH DEBT By WILLIAM ARTICLE IV. Picture, if you can, the sunplies needed 1o maintain 2,000,000 American soldiers in the field. Lay the scene in Framee, and over that far-fung panorwma scatter the huge depots of suppties. Visualige, if posstble, 150,000 inscallagions of harracks. camps. hos- pitais, warehouse. machine shaops. @ocks, telephone and telegraph offices, railroad yards and other enterprises. Here are more than 14000 modern locomotives; there are more than 14.- 000 freight cars—all made in the United States. . Everywhere behind the lines lie products of American mills and fac- torties, ‘bought in America by -the Avperican Government out of funde jsed through the Liberty loans, an ‘:?l“fip\‘n!lfld 3,000 miles to the theater f war. ‘Day and night, at fever heat, ‘American_establishments turned out ¢heir maximum to win the war. Over % alear right of way—for all other things properly had to take second plase—American railroads hurried the finfAshed product to the seaboard. And theze, guarded by American soldiers and <onvoyed by American warships. trey were carried where they would do (il most good—to France Bevame Sueplus Materisls. They weve & mighty factor in win- ning the war, but the day the ar- mistice was signed they became so much supgplies. They had been needed fo keep fnem in the field, but they were not weeded to bring American soldiers howe. At 11 a.m. on Novem- ber 11, 1918, jfar and away the great bulk of this\huge accumulation be- came merely surplus materials That accumukation of materigls, al- most in ite emthrety, is @ part of the French debt toda\y. : ; France bought’ those supplies. §| gave us, in returm) her ten-year bon for $407,000,000, wArich we now hold What did she get fior ®er promise to » P Fhere was an invedtory taken, hur- riedly, but fairly sccarately, of these great stores, some sX months or more after the armisfiice had been signed. They were somesshat depleted that time, for our forees had been drawing on them since the armistice, but even when the imventory was taken the total rolled up t\ the im- posing figure of $1,739,189,30265. That represented cost to American tax- vers. P nder one inventors heading' there were clothing, caps, boots, Wearig apparel, blankets, matteresses, Pil- lows, bedding, carpets, rugs, linoksum, draperies, tents, tarpaulins, jute, kag- ging, sacks and buriap costing $00,000. Under another heading W as $255,000,000 worth of flour, meads. canned goods, fresh fruits and vege- tables, tobacce, cigars, cigarettes, hay, feed, coal, coke and other fuel. There were also $92,000.600 worth of machinery and supplies, §14,000,000 worth of kitchen utensils and house- hold furniture, $14,000,000 worth of buflding materials, $8.000,000 worth of Jumber, $46,000,000 worth of hospital $15,000,000 worth of office fixtures. stationery upplies; nearly 35,- 000,000 worth of hides and leather, $14,000,000 worth of oils, gasoline and paints; $6,000,000 worth of electrical suppiies. Automobiles and@ motor trucks by the tens of thousands, great stocks P. BELM, Jr. of tires and tubes, automobile part @accessories and tools, bieycles and motor cycles and supplies, wagons carts and trailers, and harness and saddlery, as well @s hundreds of thousande of horses and mules, were inventoried under the heading of transport equipment at more than $352,000.000. In addition to locomatives and cars there were rails, frogs and switches and other track material, Jocomotive cranes, hoisting and conveying ma- chinery, railroad and dock equip- ment and other floating eguipment We had, too, @ goodly share of surplus munitions. ~ They included guns and accessories, gun carriages and caissons, rifies and pistols. am- munition, tanget supplies, gas masks, flumre throwers, hand grenades and ®as bombs. All this deadly machin- ery of war stood the American tax- payers at more than $76,000.000 War Materials Not Needed. Of these, France had whatever. She was not in the market for fine rifies or hand grenades immediately after the war. Most of the surplus supplies, how- ever, France needed sorely. The American problem was to dispose of the entire lot, and the authorities in whose hands was placed the prob- lem ‘wisely decided to sell the whole acoumulation in bulk. Thus France acquired the good and the bad to gether, the things she needed and the ‘things for which she had no use whatever. And the United States Government got the whole accumula- tion off its hands at one transaction How it wus done, in itself, an ab- sorbing story, will be left to & sub uent installment. The genera . however, was substantially as need no that the cost price of the surplus materials ran to more than $1,700 000,000, the United States Liquidation Commission, taking into consideration all the circumstances, attermpted to fix @ fair value on the whole. It scaled down each item. On clothing, for instance, it fixed the fair value &t $80,000,000, or one-fourth lese than cost. It knocked one-third off the cost of the railroad equipment; 60 per cent off the cost of automobiles |and other traneport equipment: 70 per cent off the cost of houschold furniture, and so on The $76.000,000 store of mumitions it cut more than 35 per cent, fixing $3,000,000 @s a fair value. Cut Nearly in Half. All told, the commission placed a fair value of $5§9,000,000 on the sup- plies, which had cost $1,739,000,000— a 44 per cent reduction. From that it deducted $220,000,000 as the Yair ~value of supplies needed for our own forees or disposed of elsewhere. That Jeft a fair value of $749,000,800 on the supplies for sale to France. Angd then, as a further inducement, faat figure was cut another 25 per cent, or 1o $562,230,800. That was the sum—nearly 60 per cent below ecosp—which the commission named to Frauce as the priee. How France bargained will be told later. Eventually she bought—at smother reduction.. The pofnt made here that these supplies sold at give-a y_prices are included $n the sent French debt, ‘which many \Delieve should be canceled. +_ (Copyright, 1925.)