Evening Star Newspaper, January 18, 1925, Page 41

Everyday Religion Not a Talk on Theology, But Upon Life and Right Living. BY RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D., Bishop of Washington. THE GOSPEL OF HOPE. Hebrews vit.19: “Tha law mads noth- ing perfect, but the bringing in of a bet- tor hope did.” ERALD his st Lost in The writes 10te LE: hook Art of Reading. a striking prefatory which runs follow are you see v 1 is he stole “What ald to the Eavesdropper, round the world to me rects of cities, miles of do you see In the and smoke." what are t men and en, en doing? Hurryin *'God A wered description, not f our time, fruitl Imed with pting ugh 1 sounding vari nE ofiting It is & affected No one hand 5 we getting re rate? Tha d doe we are not t a con threaten | who o agw: log bega knew the ent gher d living by the better way? lesus is the gospel of step with was | fities de Stevenson said “the cheerful b recognized this when he ible for the most part ir little pi ing that s a s that | | are dull and dowie.” The emphasls of the preacher as well as of the re- | farmer has been laid upon “thou shalt not.” Jesus presented a far more In- | teresting program in His great beati- tudes than that contained in the an- clent law. He substituted a univer- sally appealing mothod—yes, a more hopeful method—for that which wus stern and forbidding. We recall that Hb said repeatedly in His great sermon, “it hath been sald them of old time, but I say unto vou. True, He presents a program that is so infinitely beyond anything we have ever known that it seems to be Impracticable and unattatnabl As a matter of fact tha program of Jesus has never been tried. Some ono said when the Great War began | that “Christianity has broken down.” | The obvious answer was that it had | never been proy set up. * %k ok One thing is growing increasingly clear, that the world in its every part is crying out for leadership. There are so many conflicting systems and philosophies that the masses of the people are eonfused and bewildered Beyond everything else, the cry is for a clear vision and a more hopeful outlook. Nothing is more unpopular and yet more commonplace than to speak of the future In terms of doubt and pessimism he hope impulse | that we stand so sorely in need of to- day, and without which we hardly to go on, will not come simply use we desire it. Our hope must ed on something, and it & increasingly evident that only come through the applica- n of the teachings of Jesus Christ To tell a man that he must exerclse | hope for better things will not get him far unless we can stimulate in him a determination to obey those mighty precepts of life that guaran- tee to him not only & new outlook but a new hope. That is a dangerous kind of optimism that hopes for bet- ter things and better days without any firm resolve to do better things n order that the fairer hopes and ex- pectations may be realized. We be- lieve that the note of hope s su- | premely needed—tragically needed— today, but let us be clear about ft. It can only be guaranteed to us through ation on our part to make cal resultant of a life of ohedience to the precepts of Christ. The trouble with most of us today that we seek the benefits of Christ's great system while we disclose no tendency to follow In the way He taught. “Why call ve Me Lord, Lord, d do not the things that I say?" (Copyright, 1925.) is South America Offers Chance - To Pioneers From Other Lands TH AMERICA, with a popu- eight persons as compared rowded FEurope with its people per square mile crowded Asia with about o that number, offers great tialities as an area where mil- additional human beings may £ Lomes There a numb, however, which South and which be will be abls to take side sa problems Willian adviser of the an expert on matters, per sq; with ¢ 478 re of proble: Amerie; met before are of Incoming ble numbers. were pointed Reid, trade Pan-American Union, international economie particularly they relate to Latin America In discussing the “population prob- of South America” he stated thers is ample room in South Amerlca and that several na- tions bid the newcomer welcome, but that “the coming of people must be on a reasonable basis; the cur- rent should not be too rapid and those who do go to South America must sess a spirit akin to that of the niners who ecrossed the plains banishing the the ranch and plow- =1 just he added, countrie to toil, and the open cou faces tes, buffalo, stocking ing the furrow rdy plonece South those inured to toll in Inertia and Isolation Being Overcome. Tropical inertia and isola of tho great drawbacks to the settle- ment and development of some parts of South America—are being over- come to Some extent and can be over- coms further, through the advances of modern medical sclence and through “mechanical civilization.” The high mor- tality wi ails among work- ers in tr »uth America can be fmproved, Reid asserted, by san- ftation and tion. “That it is ot impossible to surround laborers families in tropical jungl th safeguards has been de a 1 again,” he sald s were the con- ot laboring ma; of those who fir in building a raflv pids of the Madeira and the measures de Janeiro. Santos, other citles from high healthful places in with he onstrated servation of masses at Panar ally succeeded around River that Guaya mortality which to live." P con str: tnting to hments the a vities and ac- Ceylon, tk ttlements and scores of oth- parched 1 rain-drenched vho can doubt, he asked, that reg suth America &y not ot as produ liva “For T me rubber co on would devote as much capli- Amozonia American did Sumatra. Granted ailable, is there doubt nd tive ble Radio and Movie Versus Isolation. Wy tion disappear?’ Mr. slowly,” he replied ctors working on the There is t the highway, age ‘movie the bat, the rural mail s other influences interests to even the Select any American i the w the vill steam well v life cluded 10 estancia of h and tioned tended But the problems wi the the Se we find forces above-me. wiually ex- h which many tries_of South must st The same instinets 1o in South Ameri s in North Amerfea in regard to ur- | ba rural populations, Mr. Reid asserted, and Government reports congestion and _overcrowding in tricts of Buenos Aires and in places in Chile and Bo livia and other South American coun- tries, populatic if not all, America 18R are observed No “Intensive” Agriculture. dustry s no “intensive agriculture South America in the in Belgium, Holland “South American cou oms in which h little more than a good begin- ng in modernized or intensified till- or in an: and are reg same Ja in | | years ountries | ¥ passed the experimental stag: Reid stated. “First of all problems after go ernment is land,”” he continued. “There is land, productive land, every where for the rich man, but unfortu- nately there is little land available for the man without means. That, to a greater or less extent, has been the condition ever since the coming of Europeans. In no country of South America is the outlook for land own- ership more than fairly satisfactory for the poor man. For yezrs public- spirited citizens and legislators have sought to solve the agrarian prob- lem, but they have found that they themselves are often tha offenders. So vast are hundreds of estates that have descended from family to fam- ily for generations that they are mentioned by square leagues rather than by hectares or acres.” He then called attefition to efforts being made by the Central Argentina Railroad, for instance, where 20,000 foreigners were settled on or near its lines dur- ing & recent yvear to help solve the problem of finding land for the poor man. The providing of adequate trans- portation facilities for getting prod- ucts of all kinds to market is another problem which South Amer- ica must work out. The countries that possess the greatest railway facilities, ilke Argentina, Brazil, Uru- guay and Chile, he said, have profited by modern traflic facilities, but these bave been Inadequate. Mr. Need of Better Housing. Fewer palatial residences for the rich man and more livable homes for the poor man ars conditions that need adjustment in all South Amer- ican countries, Mr. Reld asserted. Among the more conspicuous efforts to house and care for the laborer that it had been his privilege to ex- amine, he said, are the workmen's homes in Buenos Aires, In Santiago, those of the Chile Exploration Co. at Chuquicamata, and the new homies the region of Santa Marta, Co- lombia. He then mentioned the prog- ress in sanitation in most of the South American countries; and pre- dicted that the recent visit of United States Public Health Service officials to South America and mgas- ures of international sanitary co- operation which have been entered into foreshadow a gradually lessening mortality. Varied activities for conserving population are to be noted in each South American country, he added. As illustrative of these activities he mentioned the new land settlement service of Brazil; Uruguay's school for training municipal nurses and efforts to attract young women from the best familie Argentina’s na- tional housing commission, and that country's work in saving bubies and in providing better homes for laber- ses; Chile's new housing com- which has stimulated hfe conservation; the sanitation and mod- ernization of Guayaquil, and a change of attitude toward the laborer by some of the landed proprietors in Bcuador; the introduction of modern sanitary appliances and underground sewerage in Bolivian citles; the awakening in Venezuela for modern highways and the bullding of a num- ber of miles of such roads; Peru's new laws in behalf of the laboring [classes and explicit ~stipulations to employers of labor; and in Paraguay the exception from all taxes for five on homes constructed by the poorer classes. . “South Americans, I belleve, are | appreciating the dignity of labor to greater degree than cver before,” said Mr. Reid in conclusion, “and are realizing that their problems cannot be solved without the inflow of new peoples. Wise heads, thereforo, plead for a fair deal for the newcomer, for a piece of land for him to cultivate, a modest but comfortable home; in other words, welfare and contentment for a contented middle-class in the lifeblood of the nation.” New Propaganda Center. Reports have reached Athens that the center of bolshevist propaganda Vienna is to be transferred to Saloniki, as being handier for agita- tion in the Balkans. The Hellenic government is prepared to prevent of the soil, in working the mine tapping the forest, although stock reising and wool producton have the realization of this plan, and the it | THE SUNDAY BTAR, WASHINGTON, D. 0, TANUARY 18, '1925—PART 2. BY HILTON HORNADAY. HAT sort ok a man is Frank B. Kellogg of Minnesota, ho will succeed Charles 7. Hughes as Secretary of State? Men who were associated with him in the practice of law In Minnesota, as well those closely identified with his political campalgns, regard him as a man of exceptional mental keenness as and boundless energy He is a tremendous wor about handiing matters before him with an intensity noted in man of his aze. He sets a pace in his work that always seems to put him out in front and ahead. He has a faculty of getting things done. Washington wiil note quick!y these acteristics when he takes his place in the cabinet. He goes seldom u Concentrates on Work. When he walking dictates he is very apt to up and down his office, brows knit, eye pinched about wrinkles, manner t words ping out in a jerky, jumpy diction the thought crisp phrase goes straight to the mark Still, he can shift his gears quick come out of his trance, answer ques tions about other matter and jump back to the subject that en- thralls him without losing his place or his context His vigor comes from careful atten- tion to his health, his friends He s an abstemious eater, be by ise, snap- some for years. He rises early and takes moderate amount of exercise each In the Summer this is usually In the Winter he goes through of exercises each morning. He for he knows his time can be used to better ad- a day Eolf. set doesn't play card leisure vantage. In his law cases he worked on sched- ule, He would rise at 6 a.m., take a short walk, work until noon, take an other walk, eat lunch, work until 6 p.m., dinner, and then work until 2 a.m. the next day. these cases that he lost an eye through too close application Scrupulous in his appointments, Mr. Kellogg is always ready to keep engagement on the dot. So punctual is he in keeping his desk cleared for scheduled matters that it seems some- times to amount to a restlessness. ys an Not a Back-Slapper. It has been said of the new Secre- tary of State that he is not a “mixe This was one of the explanations of- fered when he was defeated for the United States Senate by Henrik Ship- stead. It is true that Kellogg !s not the type of man who, on fi meet- ing, would tell you he hdped you make a million doliars. But kindly and democratic. When he was » years old he came with his father to a farm in Olmstead County, Minn. The cabin where he lived is still standing, and it is typleal of the time. He had lots of hard work to do. It seems that the family had enough to eat, but Mr. Kellogg him- self has sald there were no luxurles and no comforts. His schooling was limited. The only college from which he ever graduated was the one-room country school. He never attended high school, college or law school. The boy was not very robust—one can see that now from hig tense, slen- der figure. But he worked hard, and his capacity for intense and concefi- trated work is, without doubt, the main factor in his legal success. would he is BY HENRY W. BU) HE following is a brief sum- mary of the most important news of the world for the seven days ended January 17: Spain—The American Society of Madrid adopted the following resolu- tion recently: “The society sincerely deprecates rumors and articles which are en- tirely without foundation, frequently appearing In periodicals published outside of Spain, including the United States, which purport to por- | tray a state of unrest, disorder and even open revolution in Spain. “This situation does not exist, but erroneous reports tend to create a seriously injure commerce and trade and prejudice the welfars of Spain and the business interests of all na- tionalities. “The soclety especially deplores at- to the forelgn press to refrain from alding in the campaign of misinfor- mation by refusing to publish rumors detrimental to Spain and injurious to American interests.” Embarking the other day for a vacation at home, our Ambassador to Spain, Alexander P. Moore, made this statement to the press: “King Alfonso is most popular with his people and they are a singularly tranquil community. There fs littls serious crime and practically no un- employment. There is a great re- spect for law and the people just g0 quietly about their business with- out disturbance.” * X oK % Germany—Dr. Hans Luther, finance minister In the Marx cabinet, has formed a new cabinet as follows: Chancellor—Luther. Foreign Minister—Stresemann, ple’'s party. Minister of tionalist. Minister of ple's party. Minister_of districts—Dr. Minister of alist. Minister of Agriculture—Count von Kanitz, Nationalist. Minister of War—Gessler, Democrat Minister of Labor—Brauns, Centrist. Minister of Posts—Stingle, Bavarian People’s party. Three portfolios still open. Luther calls himself a non-party man, but it is generally understood that he leans emphatically toward the Right. As finance minister he showed great ability. It is seen that of the 11 min- isters chosen 3 are Nationalists (Schiele is a typical Junker), 2 of the People's party, 1 of the Ba- varian People’s party (in complexion similar to the People's party), and Luther himself should be classed as Right—that is, 7 are of the Right, and Stresemann has won out in his long struggle for a Right gov- ernment. As to the effect on domes- tic and foreign policies, it s to watch. Tt is understood that Dr. has been promised at least tempo- rary support by all the parties in Peo- the Interior—Schiele, Na- Finance—Saemisch, Peo- Justice and the occupled Schumacher, Centrist Trade—Neuhaus, Nation- Luther But | is consecutive and every | and has been | It was in one of | would ask about your family or | f alarm In other countries,| S | deputies of that group, tacks upon King Alfonso and appeals | | < YNDERWOOLD &~ UNPERWGOL, i i IR i s ol FRANK B. KELLOGQ. was in him to be a lawyer. no question about There was what he should do when he became a young 1875, man ges were tered swept out the rooms, took care of the fire in the stove, looked up refer copied read bool gradually soaked up enough knowledge to win the favor of employers They agreed to give instruction in compensation for his services. was his relation to H. A& Rochester, Minn,, an old s yer, in 1876. He did the off for his tuition and worked board doing stable chores for a farmer. When Spring came around he would g0 out on a farm and through seeding time. or this he got $13 a month. In the Fall he worked in the harvest fiel Within a short time the young ma came up for admittance to the bar. He had no diploma and had to depend on an examination before a committee of lawyers. One of them was C. M. Start, afterward justice of the Minnesota court c. c w in and so he en- a lawyer's office ehces, letters, W and his him out work chi Another was 1t the Relchstag except the Socialists native Hellenic character is unfa- (181), the Communists (45) and the Wilson, then bar. Young Kell leader of the Rochester g5 was nervous and Ludendorft-Hitler crowd he will command votes. (Latest reports the last moment tlemen named above having ac- cepted portfollos backed out, but I leave the passage unchanged, since the list shown indicates the cabinet complexion desired by Luther. An- nouncement of that list aroused fierce protests from the Socialists, who have threatened a general strike. Altogether, German political devel- opments of the week have been con- fusing and discouraging.) ¥k (14)—that is, 303 out of 493 indicate that at eral of the gen- Ttaly~The Communist deputies, who, though not affiliated with the “Aventine oppostion,”~ have, like the this Jong time absented themselves from the chamber sessions, resumed their seats on the 14th, in order to participate in the discussion of the proposed new electoral law. Thelr press having been silenced, th could not otherwise pre sent their views. It is rather expected that the Aventine opposition will re- eume their seats for the same reason. Of course, the Communists made a frightful hubbub, singing the “Red Flag,” denouncing the government, in- voking the epirit of Lenin and all that. On the 16th the rump chamber gave Mussolini a vote of confidence, 307 to 33, on the issue of the general prin- ciples of the electoral reform bill. The government has submitted to Parliament a bill aimed at suppression of the Free Maso who have always opposed Fascism. It requires that all secret associations submit to the police lists of members and full accounts of their organization and activities. The most important article of the bill reads as follows: “Officials, clerks and agents of any kind in the employment of the state, provinces or communes, or institutions responsible by law to the state prov- fces or communes, cannot belong even as simple members to assoclations, clubs or organizations working in a secret way. Whoever disregards this ruling will be discharged from the service; those who belong to such or- ganizations and are now serving under the state, provinces or communes, must resign their membership.” The government continues its strong arm methods of dealing with active disaffection. Mussolini has announced that new general elections will not take place before November, 1925, probably not until 1926. * % ok x China—T intimated some time ago that Wu Pel Fu, military leader of the Chili party, who, late In 1924, was, through the defection of his chief, Lieut. Feng Yu Hslang, the “Chris- tian general,” defeated by a com- bination of the latter with Chang Tso Lin, super tuchun of Manchuria, should not be consldered out of the reckoning. As a result of the victory of Chang Tso Lin_and Peng Yu Hsiang, Chi Hsieh Yuan, tuchun ot the Province of Kiangsu and an ad- herent of Wu Pei Fu, lost his prov- ince, being ousted by ,Lu Yung Hsiang, an adherent of Chang Tso Lin. But Tuchun Sun Chuan Feng of Chekiang Province, an adherent of Wu Pel Fu, maintained himself, and | Col- overworked. He was plainly rattled s questioned. He floundered Judge Start, in his kind- thought the young man knew than he was able to tell Wilson thought he would never do. Up spoke Judge Mitchell, afterward of the “I'm The probabl | when he a good deal more law tate Supreme Court. i 10 license him, anyway.” credentals were issued. This, was the last time Kellogg | was ever snagged in any legal proceed- ings. Very soon thereafter he began practice in Oimstead County, and, of course, made good. Mr. Kellogg, & | few years 0, told of his first lawsuit, and the story has not been forgotten | v Minnesota mef | first case,” he sald, “T was to receive $6 in cash and a ride to and | from the Justice Court. The suit was in\-—r the ownerhip of a horse, and the | owner of the horse was my cl 1 | rode with him to the court, won my | case and collected $3 of my fee, but | on the return trip the horse dropped dead and I had to walk the remaining 12 miles.” He served as county Olmstead Coun [ while in that off attorney of for five years, and e he won a case that and the two combined their forces the other day, defeated forces of Lu Yung Hsiang and captured Shanghai, cap- {tal of Kiangsu and the most impor- tant city of China, possession of | which would seem to justify Chi | entitling himself tuchun | again. Chang Tso Lin Is rushing troops from Manchuria to the ald of Li Yung | Hslang, so that the latter may chal- lenge fortune once more. One hears that the tuchuns of Kiangsu, Cheklang Szechuan, Fukien and Anhwel provinces are leagued to oppose the provisional government of Peking. Presumably Wu Pei Fu is the military chief of the group, though his name is not mentioned by dispatches in that connectlon. xx % x | United States of America—At the | financial conference at Paris to de- | termine the aistribution of German reparations payments a compromise was reached regarding the claims of our Government, of which the following are the main items: (a) The agreement negotiated by Mr. Wadsworth in 1923 covering re- imbursement of the costs of our army of occupation on the Rhine, is canceled. (b) Beginning September 1, 1926, our Government to recelve 55,000,000 gold marks annually out of cash available for transfer immediately after certain named priorities have been satisfled; of which the most important is the service |of the German exterlor loan of 1924 | (800,000,000 gold marks). These pay- ments to continue unt!l the capital sum of the costs of our army of occupation has been reimbursed. (If all goes smoothly, this should be in about 17 years, our claim totaling about $250,- 000,000). Arrears to be carried forward to the nmext instalment, which shall be increased by the amount thereof; and arrears to bear simple Interest at 41 per cent (c) Beginning September 1, 1926, our Government to draw annually a two and one-quarter per cent share of all receipts from Germany Zvailable for distribution 88 reparations after satis- faction of all priorities (including the payments just described), provided that the sum so pald shall not in any year exceed 45,000,000 gold marks (these sums to be applied against the total which may be allowed us against Germany by the mixed war claims commission). My understanding s that the priorities are expected to eat up about 20 per cent of the German annuities. For obvious reasons the allles were indeed well content to allow us a modest share in the Dawes annuities. The London Daily Telegraph puts it this way: “There is especially keen gratification at_the United States having become, by acceptance of this arrangement, directly interested in the operation of the Dawes scheme, and therefore of the treaty of Versallles, upon which it Is based, and none of the allies can be indifferent to the fact that the powerful Influence of America is now enlisted in support of the plan upon which alone expectation of payments from Germany is founded.” It may be, however, that the Buropean Quidnunch are mistaken in this inter- {pretation; that with them the wish is father to the thought. One may find amusement more engrossing than in | of Kiangeu | How Frank B. Kellogg, Without Schooling, Became a Famous Lawyer and Statesman attracted wide attention. Bonds had been issued by two villages in the county for rallroad aid and had been fssued and sold by the Winona and St. Peter Rallway, thougk it had not earned them. Prominent lawyers had attempted to recover the money and had falled. Kellogg took the case and recovered $200,000 for the two villages. From that day there was never any doubt about his standing at the bar. It was Inevitable that he should move to a larger fleld. He opensd an office in St. Paul, where he soon gained recognition. Tn 1887 C, K. Davis in- vited Mr. Kellogg and C. A. Severance to join him in a partnership. In 1802 he was invited by Attorney General Knox to serve as special counsel in the case to break up the paper trust. This sult was the United States va. the International Paper Co. Kellogg not only won the cass, but he hewed out some new readings of the law against combinations, which the court accepted. This is how it happened that when the administration was pre paring for the great legal battls with Standard Oil, Roosevelt turned to Frank P. Kellogg and sald, “He's the man we want.” He won the case. Essenttally Mr. Kellogg {s a modest man. In 1916, when the Minnesota senatorlal campaign was broached, he stood off. He had refused all sorts of blds to be a candidate for office. He would always say that he never had time and that he could not afford it. He consented to become a candidate only after 100 editors of the State re- quested him to do so. His Senatorial Platform. During the primary campalgn Minnesota Mr. Kellogg advocated: That this country immediately and adequately prepare for defense. Permanent and effective for the improvement of agricultural conditions. Encourage the construction of a mer- chant marine, That in foreign relations we should demand and enforce with firmness our rights against other nations. Protect by reasonable tariff pro- visions the products of our farmers, labor and tndustry Maintain our control of the Philip- pines until we have fulfilled our pledges. Maintain the integrity of represen- tative government and the purity and stability of the courts. Strive for a higher standard of so- clal justice and maintaln the inde- pendence and security of labor. Introduce economy, thrift and efi- clency in all departments of the Go ernment Enforce the anti-trust laws so as to keep open the avenues of enterprise for American people, In the primary election in Minne- sotw in 1916 Mr. Kellogg had a large majority over the other three con- At the general Fall election there was a spirited contest and Ke logE was elected by an overwhelming majority. Men familiar with his work in Congress have marveled how Sena- tor Kellogg found time to do so many important things well. There is no question but that his close devotion to duty during his term is one of the reasons why he was defeated by Hen- rik Shipstead in 1822. He felt that his duties requirea that he give his time to the work in Wash- Ington and not to the campaign. Hence, he did not come back to the State for any extensive speaking itinerary. While he was in Washing- ton the opposition at home was gar- nering votes. in estimate the probable present value of our expectations from Germany. The Census Bureau estimates “wealth” of the United States at end of 1922 at approximately $3°1,- 000,000,000, rease of abou per cent within a decade. New York, of course, leads with $37,000,- 000,000. The decrease in purchasing power of the dollar should, however, be borne in mind, so that the gain in real wealth, as distinguished from monetary values, was probably about 35 per cent. The Duveen brothers have pur- chased six famous paintings from the great collection of the late Earl Spencer of Althorp Park, Northamp- tonshire, England, and will bring them to the United States for sals here. They include the portrait of Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshirs, by Sir Joshua Reynolds, and the porirait of the same great lady by Gainsborough the portrait of Lavinia, Lady Spencer, and her son, Viscount Althorp, by Sir Joshua, and that of Frances, Mar- chioness Camden, by the same master; the euperb portrait of a man, by Frans Hals, and the Daedaelus and Tcarus, by Van Dyck. the * ok ok ok Notes.—The British birth rate last year was about 19 per 1,000, as against 333 per 1,000 in 1883. Christiana, capital of Norway, {s no longer Christiana. The name of the town has been changed back to Oslo, its name from 1047 to 1624. Crossing the Sahara by automobile is becoming a rather common feat. Late in 1922 M. Citroen made & new page In transportation by crossing it with five Citroen caterpillar cars (from Tug- gurt, in Algeria, to Timbuktu). In 1923 it was crossed by Dalplaz cars—a car with ordinary tires, but with stx wheels, four of them in rear. And now it has been crossed by two ordinary automo- biles in 64 traveling hours, from Colomb Bechar, the southern terminal of the Oran Rallway in Algeria, to the Niger (presumably "Timbuktu or wvicinity A Belgrade court has quashed the proceedings against Stephen Raditch, leader of the Croatian peasant party, charged with treasonable relations with the Moscow international. We may ex- pect interesting developments in the kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slo- venes. I am awaiting certain developments in Moscow before discussing the very interesting and important controversy that centers about the figure of Troteky. It is reported that the tables have been turned on Ibn Sa Ud, Sultan of Nejd, who not so many months ago in- vaded the kingdom of the Hejaz (Arabia), caused the deposition of old King Husein, captured Mecca and drove King Ali, the new king, Husein’s son, in flight to Jidda, the port of Mecca on the Red Sea. We are told that the re- organized and recruited Hejaz army has fought its way back to Meoca, and has Ibn Sa Ud besieged there, that dour fundamentalist, moreover, having been wounded by & bomb. John D. Rockefeller, jr, has given $1,600,000 toward restoration of the library of the Imperial University of Tokio, which suffered the loss of 800,- 000 volumes by fire accompanying the great earthquake. This gift is of the sort to warm the cockles. More than 6,000 students were enrolled at Tokio xomumwwlwmunxrmm Chi Hslgh Yuan kepl &b amy afooty cross word pules in sSylog to Loversitz Sadasd, . . I d measures | |1 am stinl ) Howe About Appreciation; Poverty; Rough Guys. “Th: LIVE with & niece, daughter of my brother Bruce. Every after- noon 1 work as my brother's hired man on the farm, for noth- ing except that I am free to use a thing we raise. But thers Is always a surplus, and he sells it, and gets the money. This rough work is the wisest thing I do, and beats golf as exercise. 1 have frequently also that T am well satisfled with Adelalde, after 15 years' experience with her. She Is quiet, capable, and generally liked. Wherever I go I am complimented on having Adslaide. “How lucky you are,” the women say everywhers, “that you have Ade- laide too look after you.” And I always express proper appre ciation; appreciation I have reason for, as she takes good care of me. Women say it to me at home every day: and I have heard it in New Z land, Africa, on ships, on rallway trains; always the womem are saying to m “How grateful you should be that you have Adelaide to look after you.” Iam, I have said so many times. But— Ars you famillar with the word “ornery,” which we common people use? I not only use it, but am ornery; for T have wondared that sometimes a woman does not say: “How lucky Adelaide 15! And a woman sald it once, after I had lost hope. We were on board Cyrus H. K. Cur- tis’ yacht for dinner. (eorge H. Lori- mer and wife wers among the mem- bers of the yaching party, coming with Mr. Curtis and Mrs. Curtls from Philadelphia to Miami, Fla. Soon after dinner started, a lady in the party began: “How lucky you are that you have Adelaide,” she sald. Again T expressed appreciation. T have done it so often 1 have a very good formula. But what's this T hear at the other end of the table?” It is Mrs. George H. Lorimer speak- ing. She said: “Well, T suppose Uncle Ed Is lucky for Adelalde, t00.” You could have knocked me over with a feather. I had hoped, but never expected, to hear a woman say it. I did not take it as a personal com- pliment, but one for all men; an ad- mission from & woman that occasion- ally the men do a little something for their woman folks Adelaide has been around with me a good deal, and always had good ac- commodations. If this should meet the eye of Mrs. Lorimer, I wish to assure her that grateful; and that other men will bs when they hear of her compliment for them. * ok ox % Real men are able to find satisfac- tion and pleasurs in work. The hum of the wheels in a shop where every- thing is going pretty well—where there is honesty, usefulness, fairness to everyone—is about the sweetest music there is to a man who really amounts to anything. xox xR is a bore, easiest acknowledged but of all Poverty £ to alleviate. troubles Public Debt of it BY E. W. HOWE, e Sage of Potato Hill” Nearly any one can get rid of poverty sufficlently to live about as comfort- ably as the rich. * %ok ok My friend, the old musician, writes me that the author of books has an easy thing mpared with the com- poser of a great opera. I do not believe it. Richard Wag- ner wrote “Seigfried” as easily Dickens wrot ireat Expectations.” Wagner could write a great ope Dickens could write a great book; it wasn't difficult for either; they were born with that special ability. No really great genius is compelled to work hard, or take great pains; it is the common man who takes patns. and works slowly and with difficulty I used to know Herman Bellstedt the bandmaster. I have seen him sit in his room and write parts for 4! ferent Instruments as easily and rap- idly as I write this. He rose to em nence as a cornet player; as a direc- tor; as an arranger and composer of music. I have known him to rear range and improve so common a thing as “La Paloma.” With a stroke of a pen, T once saw him improve Richard Wagner. And I suggested the improvement I belleve I can convince the o musician that the change was an im- provement. It amounted to no more than jumping & chord an octave. Richard Wagner had great creative genius; his mode of expression was music. He could speak the musical language more eloquently than oth ers, and with less difficulty than I ex- perienced in trying to express my thoughts iIn words. When musio is difficult for a man he should keep out of it h something tells Something toid do when he was “Lohengrin”; something told s what to do when he was 1 “David Copperfield.” And if you have good direction, you can do good work ¥ ok kK A banker was taken to fail in Kan sas City the other day, and sald to a reporter: “I lova Kansas City, and attempted | too muc That's T In ‘this every man, to do. r what to & sentimental ore modern ompelled to watch felts who love their as th watch bank burglars. Attempting too much has become | a national evil; the per cent of stead | reliable men has become disgracetul 1onsense men are counter those always has A man more spots ¢ his « them out in the dirty work in ho corn up other items of food. rougher than a woman does rougher work. I we n the other day, and when I e home a sight. ad walking knee deep in mud, and was ragged |ana atrty, but t nteen ducks | hanging to me swears, and it is a bad habit, b quired the habit in cussing low fellow who was trying to the family fiel because he hunting income. (Copyrip United States Now More Than Thirty Billion The public debt of the United States, including that of the Federal Government and all of its subdi- visions multiplied nearly seven times between 1912 and 1922, it was shown today in Census Bureau figures. At the end of December, 1922, the total was $30,845,626,000, while at the same period in 19 it was but $4.850,- 460,000, While the greatest peared in the Federal debt, because of the war, the debt inorease of States was nearly three-fold that of municipalities and other subdivisions doubled. | The Federal Government in 1812 owed $1,028,564,000, while {n 1822 it owed $22.155,886,000. The total of State indebtedness in 1912 was $343,- 942,000, while in 1922 it was $935, 000, Other civil divisions owed § 475,954,000 in 1912, and $7,754,196,000 922 m.\]n the figures represented net debt the bureau explained, sinking fund and cash assets in possession of the indebted units of Government having been substracted from the total of their obligations outstanding. The debt total in 1922 made the per capita obligation of each citizen of the United States, adult or child increase ap- $283.80, In 1912 the indebtedness per capita was $49.97. Apportioning out the items of per capita indebtedness, the report said that in 1922 the Fed eral Government's obligations wers responsible for $203.78 of the tota the debt of States for §8.64 and the debt of the municipal division to $71 The greatest proporti - crease was in the State accounts o Oregon, where tha increase of $39.- 952,000 in bond issues represented 129,195 8 per cent. The next greatest percentage in- crease was in the debt of drainage districts and other municipal sub- divisions of Florida, which amounted to 12,498.3 per cent. The actual total of such subdivisional indebtedness in Florida in 1922 was $28.6 , and the increase in the decade was $28,- 467,000. The report held th f the District of Cc lightest burden of other than national. The 36 cents. The citizen of Oregon was the other end of the scale and had a_per capita debt of $170.69. The New Yorker was next, with a total of $158.15, while the Californian owed $142.51 the ia bore blic debt figure was hat citizens o e - — Murdock Declares U. S. Needs More Culture (Continued from First Page.) even know we shall be misunderstood and we aren’t cynical about it. That means we are awful fine folks down inside. World at Feet. “Let's take this inner quality and develop it. Let's emphasize the spir- itual and cultural things of life in- stead of materfalism. That's the only way out. We have the world at our feot. If we can use our power in the right way we can turn the world's hate to love. “Let's develop more of the arts— musle, literature, painting. Take the easlest of them—Iliterature. One hun- dred and five million out of one hun- dred and ten are potential novellsts Ninety-five per cent of the newspaper readers legitimately feel they can edit their newspaper better than the editor. “Take muslc. We are the greatest executioners of music in the world. We have more planos, more mouth organs, more jew’s-harps and hurdy- gurdies and saxophones. But we have few creators. Let's get some. We are highly energetic. Let's de- velop the power to creats as well as the ability to execute and to listen. Instead of listening to the best mu- sic, write a waltz. Instead of admir- ing a statue, make one, It's up to the individual American to get into the harness and pull, and he can be- gin with his own children at his own supper table. Must Develop Soul. “Even more Important, we must develop the soul. All the arts lead to this, and it is the destiny of Amer- ica to give new life and a new mean- ing to Christianity. “Here is America, rich beyond com- pare. Free, because of her fortunate geographic position, from invasion. The Lord doesn't give wonderful things without obligations. If you have babies, you are blessed with the obligation of sitting up at night to take care of them. “If our material advantage is not tempered with cultural and spiritual leadership, the world will end in dis- aster. “I'm no preacher, but I believe America is to become the modern ex- emplar of Christ. You can't hold people together for 150 years without a spiritual unity growing up. They blossom. And this democracy is go- ing to have a spiritual flower.” !World Again Turning Gaze Upon Mussolini Yirst Page.) (Continued from very least, the time of recovery would have been greatly lengthened. The collapse of bolshevism in Ttaly W at all events, one of the decisive moments in the history of the battle of non-Russian Europe with the So- viets. So much of permanent achieve- ment belongs to Facismo now. 3 other achievements, like t one may speak with less of admira- tion. Liberals all over the world have taken arms against later d more parochial acts of violence. It is plain that within Italy there has bee A 1o of strength in quarters where strength was most valuable. What is not clear now is what could happen if Mussolini fell, if Facismo were overthrown: whether, as most of my Italian friends believe, Musso- Tini is the sole and single barrier be tween Italy today and the same perils which yesterday were unmistakable to the eves of the tion and of t world. If that be the case, I venture the guess that he will survive the present storm. Yet it is hard to believe now that Mussolini will ever be able to effect the transformation which he strove for, which was nec ary If the man and the movement wers to endure Italy will unquestionably retain him while she feels herself under the menace of the evils for which Facismo was recognized as the single remedy. His enemies, taking advan- tage, in part, of the mistakes of his friends, have forced him to a new use of force, which fs only momentarily and {n extreme crises tolerable in our modern national lives. Thus, once it be plain that the dangers he was sum- moned to abolish are in fact gone, one must believe Mussolini will have to take the road of most dictators— and not a few liberators. Austria May Have A New Coin Unit Austria is taking - another im- portant step in currency reform. By a bl introduced in the National Council the shilling will take the place of the crown as a unit of cur- rency. or the present banks and business houses may continue to keep accounts in crowns. The Aus trian shilllng is equal to 10.000 paper crowns, but in future the fineness of silver coins of one shilling, of which the gross weight remains three grammes, will be reduced from $0@ 4@ 640 in 1000 paxts, -