Evening Star Newspaper, January 18, 1925, Page 40

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. BUNDAY... .January 18, 1925 THEODORE W. NOYES. . Ming St Newspaper Company and Pennsslv 110 East 42nd St Tower Building. nt 8t.,London, L Editor riers within the anny only, 45 cents’ per Is made by car conts per m month._ Orders 1 Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. nd Sunday.1 yr, $8.40:1 1vr, $6.00:1 70 , 50c . £2.40:1 mo., Toaily only Sunday on 1yr All Other States, 00;1 1 ws pub ation of to do justice to th ernment employes, the who have been fron ed u jeved duty n st on der t nsideration There ia no dmits of no ad e i he eld by ow Treasury All that Is necessary the is agree- 1ed on the £ the when call of coneur. expected pligt 1 gravit mnuitants is one ticular considerat hurey of t 1 1bi, short session. Mar maintain them reduced amounts to s on the greatly paid They are their of an there: in which t, for they with per vigorous, qualifiec rous instar se dt capable an leave of in the depart The law granted i yment, but nt of active empl with mitted d e spectal dispensations per- veteran employes were able to dis- and 5 st faithfully them in a precari It was 15 position, a t act should work such injus- to deprive a number of ey ent s never intended that 1 worthy men and women, of fidelity in the Gover: of the m £ decent out dependence upon or good will of ot cars ervice, maintenance the ar charity Retire reward, t the present a teran employes of I was desi s a not es it has become t. The ve ernment now do not contemplate with pleasure the prospect of their relief from active On the contrary, they look upon to their comfort, their d and th spect. for this con in active serv duty. it as a menace peace of m elf o cure is to es- ents for Ty ved from active tablish a proper those who have ¢ may here aft of the Gove ument. S When @ daicer sets up as in calling attention to the advantages of Florida real estate, William Jen- nings Bryan must perceive that his greatness as a publicity expert is not without rivalries. B The country will insist on growing end i regard reasing its go iental needs the dif lucing expenses great, in — e Furs and Humanity. a numb clad in held ur mane speaker of a lecture of the Hu when the extravagant mem- ing cruelty essary wome furs walked out the Education auspices 1sed sex by wea He did not stop wi of wearing unr those displayed in Su h he can find few him. He went on wearing women could fering of *‘innocent” in steel traps they tainly ban fur coats. Perhaps, et fir would; but the question deeper, and t two extr » this criticism ritness the suf- imals caugh would a most cer- impulse, they bit e truth and the proper’ edure 1i s a course he he to have hiand, or wilds to real somewhere m According fur trade, who nowledge first but to visit the frozen ze that natural lifs more cruel than the hunter. In the wilderness there is practically no such thing as natural death. Each creature preys on others smaller weaker than itself, or, worse, many eat their own young or even disembowel their mates. However trapping may seem to tender-hearted city dweller, de- clares one, trapping is kindness itself compared 1o the sufferings and deaths of fur animals in wild life, where mothers and unborn young, weaklings and old, fall victim to ravening tooth and claw. The attention of sym- pathetic souls is called to the fact that of about 60 fur-bearers one can count on his 10 fingers those that are not flesh caters. There is the further of the superfluous male. While some heasts, like the fox, mate for life many fur-bearers fight for a harem, and in that Aight the young ere killed, P gained their & s is far most careless fur or cruel consideration | the course of an address at the annual mothers are injured and the remain- ing “bachelors” are left to prey on one ancther. Bad as were the cruelties of the seal poachers, they never, it is suid. caused the loss of life occa- sioned by the Spring “harem fights.” Modern sentiment often paints the trapper as a monster, the most highly developed of creatures of prey. De- may be, but he is a de- strover of destroyers. The best type of trapper, however sordid may be his reason: ies not to kill young or mothers with young, but sceks the grown males who kill moré of each other than man does of them. The statement that the sufferings of trapped animals may be more in- tense than those of a human being b of their lack of hope and morale cannot be taken seriously, but that fashion, such as the craze for Summer furs, causes needless waste and suffering seems to be the sensus of opinion of sentimentalists, ie naturalists and conservationists. And that fur farming, now on the ady increase both in the United States and Canada, is the best, safest, most profitable and most humane method of- providing the warm and beautiful garments which mankind has since before the dawn of history and will continue to wear, not withstanding every agitation the the conviction of those gained their knowledge not ks or lectures, but from their vwn experiences and observations. stroyer he ause con- | worn to contrary, is who have from be ——— Shortening Trials. The other day in comment on the opening of the trial of Gaston B. Means in New York on a charge of conspiracy to thwart justice, The Star remarked that @ move had been made in that to shorten the proceed- ings by limiting the queries of coun sel in the selection of a ju but sug- gested that other methods of shorten- ing this and similar proceedings might acking. It appears, however, that Lindley, who is presiding in the disposed to go further toward curtailment. He has made a ruling to 10 of char- witnesses that be allowed case limiting the number acter will This defense is a move in the i Tn many trials-testi mony is multiplied with great protrac- ut without more definitely es- ng facts, In this matter of racter witnesses testimony has ac- cumulated far beyond the need. Wit- afte called to the stand i No fact can be definitely established by such up of avowals. The same on other points at issue in crim- inal trials. Cross-examination is spun out to great length, with numerous repetitions, counsel covering and re- covering the same ground with only slight varfation in the form of ques tions. Jurors confused and wearied by such iterations. The pur- pose, of course, is to tangle witnesses in their statements, to cause them to contradict themselves and thus to dis- credit their testimony. Some- times such contradictions occur, hut not because of perjury, Witnesses ire themselves confused and wearled as hour after hour is spent in twists and turns of inquisition. Questioning of witnesses by the judge is more likely to be productive of the truth than the partisan questioning by counsel for detense or prosecution. The purpose of a trial at law is to ascertain the facts. Multiplication of witnesses and of questions is not re- quired to elicit the truth. The judg- ment of the court is a reliable basis for determining the measure of testi mony. In this present case Judge Lindley has ruled that 10 witnesses will suffice to establish the reputation and character of the defendant. Per- haps he will show the way to shorten proceedings by cutting down the num- ber of questions to be asked these and other witnesses. Assuredly the truth can be learned in a court of law. | 1 the most complicated case, in half | time that some of | s notorious trials which run for | weeks and often then without result. terest of speedier justice. tion, tablish ness witness is reiteration. is tru become ow the is spent on —————t Farmers are not doing the hilarious rejoicing to be expected as they con- template further profits when Muscle Shoals production makes fertilizer cheap. It is to be feared that the farmer has becoms a constitutional skeptic. s Ttaly has seen in times anclent and modern about all the different kinds of politics possible, and Mussolini. while not going to the extremes of Borgian perfidy, apparently under- stands every move in the game. ———— A National Disaster. shington feels humiliated by the ed assertion that traffic condi- s in the District of Columbia are than in other cities. This umiliation is intensified by such dis- closures as that made by an official of the New York State traffic bureau school for State troopérs held at Troy. During the year 1924, he said, auto. mobile aceidents in New York State were responsible for the death of 2,029 persons, or 63 more than the total of the previous year. During 1923, he said also, motor vehicle accidents in the State caused an estimated loss of ,000,000 in property damage. Three asses of people, he said, must be considered in dealing with the prob- lem, those who are criminally irre- sponsible, reckless or heedless, those who are striving to be careful apd those who are indifferent. It is painfully evident that a tr mendously high price is being paid by the American people for rapid individ- ual transit by motor car. The slaugh- ter of 2,020 persons in one State in @ year is a terrible toll. If these deaths occurred in one disaster public appre- hension would be aroused to the point of corrective measures. Scattered as they are through the days over wide areas, however, they do not impress the people as strongly as though they resulted from a great flood, a fire or an epidemic. In the classification of those to be considered in dealing with this prob- lem the New York State official ob- viously indicates that the severest cor- rective penalties be applied to the first group, those who are criminally irre- sponsible, reckless and heedless, These people are licensed by local authori- ties, wany of them permitied to drive after they have demonstrated their in. capacity or untrustworthineis. A cor. rective lies in the cancellation of their permits and in the increase of guaran- tees against bad performance. Unquestionably the roads in this country are given over to use by per- sons who have no right to employ on them dangerous machines capable of high speed and of Inflicting deadly damage. Even though they are mere- ly Indifferent, Lelonging in the third enumeration as given in the Troy ad- dress, they are a menace. A compara- tively small percentage of reckless or indifferent drivers can pile up a griev- ous total of wrong in the course of a year. Obviously the motor licensing system is t0o lax for public security. ——————— Soviet Assurance. Christian Rakovsky, Soviet envoy to London, addressing a teachers’ con- gress at Moscow, says that Russian recognition by the United States “will doubtless be @ fact before the end of 1925 He gave as an impelling rea- son for recognition by this Govern- ment that “America must place her surplus capital in Europe and Asia This Is strange talk from a Soviet official regarding capital. It illustrates that the bolshevik government of Russia has traveled far: away from the original basis of its organization, that of anti-capitalism, It now will take American capital in exchange for recognition But it takes two to make this bar- gain, as in all others, and American apital is not available for this trade. There is no disposition on'the part of American capitalists to promote such a transaction. The United States Gov- ernment under from the capitalists of this country to recog- nize Russla for the sake of oppor- tunities for investment in that land. Boasts that recognition would quickly follow the retirement of Sec- retary Hughes from the State Depart- ment have been made by Soviet rep- resentatives. There is nothing to war- rant such forecas The disposition of this country regarding Russia Is unchanged. A deep-seated distrust of the Soviet, which is the governmental branch of the Third Internationale in Russia, prevails here. : Hugh not alone in realization that, regardless of adjustments that have been made in the Soviet method of administration and pract of gov- ernment, it is still a Communist or- ganization which all other governments, A proposal to recognize Russia as ed, by whom- ever originated in this country, would evoke @ storm of protest. ———— A grand opera star says he does r w singing over the radio. Doubt- less he feels that much is missing. The microphone cannot throw a bouquet or shout bravo amid ecstatic hand clapping. Money means much, but temperament still asserts its demands is no pressu is a menaces now organi ————— Tt begins to look as if the versatile Col. Bryan contemplated abandoning his high-brow editorialistic efforts and becoming @ contributor to the comic section, B Agriculture is now So prosperous that Secretary Hoover is inclined to think it needs no immediate assist- ance from him. s Paris reports a wave of insomnia. These reports may be due to the sleep- | less nights tourists, passed by sight-secing - SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, On With the Dance. Oh, bring the merry jazzers out And let the music play To cheer the minds whose gloomy doubt Is deepening every day Some nations have hear, Which gthers would enllect. While bolshevism's acting queer And rather incorrect. their debts, we A hint of war glides 'round the map; We know it isn't true; But just the mention of a scrap Makes everybody blue. So, start the band to make us glad. The daily news we meet Has made the headwork rather sad. Let's exercise our feet. When Composing Speeches. “Have you studied psycho-analysis?" “No,” answered Senator Sorghum. “I hope it never becomes a political issue. I'm tired of having to stop and look in the dictionary to see how long words are spelled.” Diplomatic Condensation. How oft some ponderous document Which measures off a yard or two, When boiled down to its clear intent Is just another I. O. Jud Tunkins says the law of aver- ages doesn't hold up. You get valen- tines only one day in the year, but the cops leave notes in flivvers the en- tire 365. Manpower. There are men to think; There are men to speak. There are men to blink And wisdom seek. There are men to biuff In a mimic show— But never enough To shovel snow. Basic Economies. “What have you to complain about with wheat at its present price? “Cost of livin' same as usual,” an- swered Farmer Corntossel. “Every- thing else is bringin’ high prices, and while a bushel of wheat sounds kind o' big in money, it ain't so much when you come to figure it in terms of wages for the hired man and gasoline for the filvver.” The Resignation. Bring forth the photograph he took ‘When he appeared in style And private business first forsook— The one that wears a smile, “Dar wouldn' be so much objection to de man dat talks too much,” said Uncle Eben, “if he didn’ insis’ on so many other folks wastin' time s0's to be de audience | th D. U, JANUARY 18 1925—PART 2 Effort to Accumulate Wealth | Capital Sidelights Held to Indicate Unsound Mind BY THOMAS R. MARSHALL, Former Vice President of the United Stat I find mySelt wondering whether under present conditions any one who struggles to acquire great wealth Is quite of sound mind. It has often been advanced that soundness of mind consists in obtaining for one's self as much content and satisfaction as are commensurate with the duty which one owes GGod, his country and his family. If this' be a half-right interpretation of w man who plunges himself into all sorts or trou- bles in order to accumulate great wealth ought not to take umbrage when comment on his mental condi- tion is made. Consider for a moment the results in the present condition of affairs of efforts of a man to accumulate riches. The Government spies upon him. In- spector after inspector examines his books, approaching him upon the theory that the accumulation of money mecessarily implies devious ways of accumulation and all sorts of devices to cover it up and hide it from the Government; approach him, also, upon the theory that his suc- cess s traceable to the Government nd that therefore the ernment ought to share it. This would not be =0 bad if the Government shared his failures, but if the citizen is unsuc- cessful in any of his ventures, only his own folly is to blame. None of the failure is chargeable to consti tuted wuthority’ Even when the man dies, content perhaps in the belief that he has left something to his helrs' and to those designated by him to benefit by his thrift and enterprise, the general Government proceeds to help itself in the form of inheritance taxes. Bach State in which any Wor- tion of hiz property may happen to be also steps in and helps ftself. Cases have beeu cited where 100 per cent of the estate of a decendent has been acquired by the Government, Federal and State. is o* all this needful for the port of economical government, right kind of citizen ought not to complain, probably would not com- plain, but when it ix not needful and is Indulged in largely for the purpose of trying out some theory of taxa- tion, 1t would seem that a man who fights to make money is not as sound in mind #s his snccesses at making marked him to be The man of means Is & prospective victim for the rest of us. ize all kinds of schemes educational, patriotic, « doubt, good in and of impotent as a leprous cash to move mach in mind th ation of lic, the education of Its citizens, uplift of humanity, the Lringing of the dawn of brotherhood, but feel that we have done our part when have proposed the reform ted the plan of its thing started. Ther 1 sup- | the money- its: hand without | We have the repub the in we ge the men furnish the run the eng operation. got turn t o o who making with money which are not gasoline And mod- est ahout making our demands. We do not regq st considera¥on of t thing we propose, and suggest finan- 1 aid if it stands the test. Upon contrary, we seem to regard our- s as the distributors of the for- of others. We appraise ti erty und income of the whose ald we w , and then him that he ought to contribute much, that we have put him down for w specified s I he hesitates or refuses to meet our demands, at once Joik the crowd and talk about the “plggish rich.” T selv man | notify we * of the never-ending demands men and wealthy the idea of the com- Many ¢’ s promptly Out on business zens developed munity chest. FOREIGN PO [ that | probably took it up. The business of collect- ing and distributing for charities was to be organized, regulated and sys. tematized. The varlous enterprises which were worthy of support and of value to the public were listed. One collection a year was authorized, generally approved, universally sup- ported. Total collections were di- vided among the beneficiaries. More good could be done with less money, it was argued; annoyances would cease, time would be saved; we would have a business-like administration of charity. The movement was falrly successful. It still is successful in some cities. It has not, however, been 100 per cent successful every- where. New enterprises not included in the list of heneficiaries sought sup- port outside the organized movement. 1t is doubtful, too, if the community chest fdea resulted in economy of ex penditure. A new idea is now being put for- ward. It contemplates that all chari- ties hitherto supported by the com- munity chest or other publlc eon- tributions shall be supported by a general tax levied upon the people of the community. Its sponsors seem to belleve that this would be an equita- ble way fn which to prove the Father- hood of God and the Brotherhood of Mankind, They seem to overlook the fact that those who are uble 10 pxy would be exempt from paying under their plan. The taxes, of course, would be levied off of the property which is taxable. Property which fx not subiject to taxation would pay nothing. The persons who are get- ting out of business because of high taxes, converting their swealth into tax-exempt securities because of the ) Government Interfer- ence, getting their houses in order, <o to speak, so neither Natlon nor State can call upon them for support, would escape. In this respect the new scheme is inequitable and unjust upon its face, * % ¥ ¥ I There is @ far more serious objec- tion. however. It would take out of giving that sent which helps the Eiver even more than it helps the re- ciplent. This eriticism applies, in part, to the community chest. We made charity something of a machine when we sald to the citizen, “Make Ong contributlon a year and that is all will be required of you' This had all the earmarks of a business transaction, Yet there is much of sympathy, much of cheer and kood will in a community chest drive Those in charge of the machinery feel it the some- wonder what it has done o who w year simply fur- nish the of war and take no interest battle at any other ophied that fine senti n human nature—the the part of one who nother who is down? If have suffe a great loss. We get away the idea that do- od to oth conferring bene- tions upon them. We must get the tdea t dolng & doing good 1o or s ages must go by until we the real lesson of life It is that it is not what we have and can keep, but what we give away hat remains ours eternally? T hope no rich man who is adding to his ric or no man who is trying to become rich, will be deterred from bis activities by the annoyances of the life we now have en though he be xound mind sanity hing for the world. I hope n being insane. I hope iment will treat him a less cavalferly, and that he him self will pause in the making of his money to consider whether instead of leaving all his wealth to taxation he will not have justified his sanity, citi- zenship and Christianity the bet using it as he makes it for those who are less fortunate than himsel (Copyright. 1925, by 2st Century Press.) T'AL ORDERS most. 1 times e sinews in the time. Has it 1if. DT )t quite of our Gove, BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN The transmittal of millions of dol- lars to foreign countries without act- ually sending a penny out of the United States constitutes one of the interestng puzzles of the postal serv- fce. During the past fiscal vear nearly $35,000,000 worth of mone orders were cashed by resldents of other| lands, while the money was re tained thin our own territorial confines. In addition, our Government recelved in the neighborhood of million dol- lars for the performance of this serv- jce. Other postal adminlstrations do the same thing for their nationals, and something over $5,000,000 in for- elgn international money orders were cashed in the United States. Great Britain heads the list with more than $13,500,000 received from us while residents of that country sent to our shores a little over one million in return. Mexico is next with $7,000,000, returning about $1,500,000. Japan received about $2,400,000, send- Ing back a little over a million. The Irish Free State was enriched by $1,600,000, of which only $66,000 represents that country's return con- tribution to our resources. Sweden was enriched by nearly $3,000,000 paying approximately $200.000. Bul- garia received 341 warrants for a to- tal sum of $5,500, but only sent us three for an aggregate of $16.40, not a noteworthy contribution to the sup- ply of currency. Canada, on the other hand, does a large business, but on a somewhat different basls from the other coun- tries named. Americans sent Cana- dians some $12,500000 and wero the reciplents of some' $10,000,000. These figures are not included In the $35,000,000 first mentioned, Canada being one of the 22 natlons doing business with us on what Is referred to as the “domestic basis," the total for which was $15,000,000. How It In All Done. 1t all happens something like this. John in Dallas, Tex., wishes to send $50 to the old folks in Milan, Italy. He steps into a post office, fills out a form, hands over.the cash, and, pres- to! the old folks get the equivalent in lire. Not one cent of that $50 crossed the Atlantic Ocean, and as for lire, it 1s so long since John saw one he hardly knows what it looks like. When John and other patrons of the international money order service pald for their orders the postal em- ployes issuing them also prepared what are known as “advices.” These, with descriptive lists, are sent to the proper exchange office. There are four of these exchange offices, locat- ed, respectively, at New York, San Francisco, Seattle and Laredo, Tex. ‘When the lists are received at these places they are multiplied many times by the carbon process and at the close of the day's business are forwarded by the first outgoing mail to the proper forelgn exchange of- fices. Under the terms of most of the money order conventions duplicate lists are sent by the following steamer to guard against delays caused by the possible loss of the original list. Had John been desirous of sending his $50 to France or Great Britain the international money order itself would have been handed to him for direct mailing to the payee. How- ever, he merely received a receipt and the order itself was sent to the New York exchange office. There a new order written in the language of the foreign country was issued and malled to. the old folks, Who present- ed it at their local post ofice, and | paxable thera received payment in the money of their own country—lire. Orders drawn on France or Great Britain are, as stated, given directly to the senders to be malled to the payees who present them to thelr post offices and receive payment as soon as the advices arrive from the United States. hese operations are reversed for orders issued in forslgn countries and | in the United States, but the ARRregate Tunse f business trans- acted is always much g ater for or- ders issued here paya abroad than for those co ng into the United States. As a consequence the Post Office Department constantly owes the foreign countries for paying our orders a greater sum than they owe us for paving theirs. To settle these | him balances it is nelessary for the United States to find some method of paying the foreign postal administrations, and this is done usually by the pur- chase of bills of exchange through financial institutions. An Exchange of Debts. These bills of exchange are or- dinary incidentals to international commerce. Some merchant in a foreign land purchases goods in the United States. Instead of paying cash he issues a bill of exchange as an cvidence of his indebtedness and a guarantee of payment. These evidences of indebtedness are bought by the Post Office Department and forwarded to the foreign country to offset the debts which we owe it on account of the money orders they have pald for us. Thus, there is an ex- change of debts instead of an ex- change of cash, and the Government actually secures the transmittal and payment of money without sending a penny out of the country. Great care must be exercised by postal officials not to sell interna- tional money orders at a lower rate than It {s possible to buy these bills of exchange, otherwise we would lose money. On’ the other hand, in fair- ness to the patrons of the service the rata must be kept as nearly that of the banks as safety wilf allow, otherwise John's folks might not get their fair equivalent in lire for the $50 he intrusted to the post office. To insure this desirable result, two plans are employed. The first com- prises agreements with certain forelgn countries at the rate prevail- ing on the day the lists of advices arrive at the foreign exchange office. This insures the greatest possible re- turn for cash Intrusted to us by the sender, but a decided disadvantage lles in the fact that he does not know the exact amount in foreign money that will be pald. ‘When dealing with countries which have not seen fit to enter into such an agreement, the United States Post Office must make the conversion into forelgn money at the time the order is issued. This system makes neces- sary the supplying of information on current exchange rates to more than 16,000 international money order of- fices scattered over the immense ter- ritory of the United States. However, the difficulties in this re- spect have almost entirely been over- come by the present Third Assistant Postmaster General, W. Irving Glover, who devised a plan whereby certain large offices mnotify all international offices within a certain area of changes In conversion rates. These large offices are advised by telegraph when the Postmaster General, by or- ders, changes the rates, tnd in turn advise the other offices by oircular. In this manner it is possible to make change in rate effective within 4§ hours Explofts recounted in glowing col- ors on the pages of history were re- called to the mental vision of Con- gress during the past week. Representative Cyrenus Cole of Towa paid tribute to the passing “into the valley of death” of Ellis H, Cut- ting, one of his constituents, who was the very last surviver of the 198 men who came out alive after the charge of the noble 670 in the famous Light Brigade at Balaklava october 25, 1854, In the Crimean War, which was immortalized by the genius of Tennyson. During the recent visit to this country of the Prince of Wales, Mr. Cutting recalled what few men have ever witnessed, when he sald: “I saw Victoria spank his grandfa And Cutting died 70 year after he rode Into the very jaws of hall. His last act as an American citizen was to exercise his right of franchise in the national clections on November 4, and his dying hours were made happy by receipt of a com- plimentary communication of con- gratolations from President Coolidge on his having lived to be 87 years of age. Coupled with his eulogy, Repre- sentative Cole read to his colleagues an apprectation of “Two Rare Mep," by former Representative Robert Couring, who will himself be long re- membered for his classic speech on the sinking of the Maine, in 1898, One of the “two rare men" was Cut- ting and the other was Willlam Da- vies, who also rode in the charge of the Light Brigade. Both were con- stituents of Former Representative Cousins. Davies enlisted in the S$th New York Cavalry, and followed the dashing Phil Sheridan in the charge at Winchester as he had followed Lord Cardigan in the charge at Bala- Klava. He fought at Antietam, Fred- ericksburg, Beverly Ford, Chancel- lorsville and Gettysburg, and at Cul- peper Court House his &rm was shot aw When Representative Cousins once’ said to him: “I should have thought that after being through the charge of the Light Brigade you would have hesitated to risk your life in another war,” he replied: “Oh, it was worth it. * % % And how many know what was “the Gettysburg of the West." Well, Congress was reminded by Represent- ative Henry L. Jost of Missouri, who urged the establishment of a national military park in Kansas Clty, com- memorative of the Battle of West- port, in the Civil War, on Octobe 21-23, 1864. The Stars and Stripes were sustained by 20,000 troops from the Regular Army and from six States—Illinols, Towa, Colorado, K sas, Wisconsin and M The Confederate Stars and Bars were backed by 9,000 of the best blood from Arkensas, Texas and Missour! There were 24 Missouri units that wore the gray and 26 Missour! units that wore the biue, it was truly an_internecine, fratricidal strife. Then Representative Jost recalled that Col. T. T. Crittenden, who com- 4 one of the Unfon regiments issouri cavalry and was wounded ame governor of Missour! 20 years ater and was followed into that sams flice by Gen. Murmaduke, against whom he had fought. John F. Philips, who commanded a Unlon brigade later hecame judge of the State Su- preme Court and district Federal Judge. While he held that judgeship Gen. Joe Shelby, whose cavalry had directly opposed him in that battle, became the United States marshal of his court, under an appolntment by President Cleveland Drawing an illu from his audience Jost said: “We have two old, zled warriors in this House, ths tleman from Ohto, Gen. the Unfon forces, and the gentleman from North Carolina, Maj. Steadman of the Confederate Army. Sixty years ago they were contending against each other full of animosity, striving to maintain the right of their respec- tive causes. But today they frater- nize in this House and In their dafly life, going forward In a mutual desire to serve this land and push the pres- tige and dignity of the Stars and Stripes to the highest possible pin- nacle of influence for good in the fam- of nations. And they but typi that feeling of fraternity which ex ists all over the country among those who are left of the contenders in the strife of the 60s * ok ok % Another hero of peace time, who fought with all the ardor of sincer- ity for his fellows in the army of government employes, Was given notable post-mortem ~commendation. Representative Charles Stengle of New York commented that it might be said ¢ late Edward J. Cant- , for years secretary of the ational Association of Letter Car- riers, that “the whole world was bet- ter because he had lived.” He called ble American.” Chairman Madden of the House ap- propriations committee chimed in: “I knew him for many years. I knew him in his work and had daily contact with him for mbre than 10 yeams. There never was a man in any walk of life who was cleaner, truer, broader, or mors truthful in his deal. ings with men.” 5 Representative Stengle gave “Ed" Cantwell credit for building up the morale and moral fiber of the letter carrlers, and quoted the following as Cantwell's vision of the true letter carrler: When mactial strains are plasing And streets with flags are gay. And men in khaki uniforms Are cheered along the wa There comes to mind an army That marches day by day: The chaps who link the worid of men— The boys in blulsh-gray. They boast no crack battallons; No chevrons do they wear: On_them no one in hifh command Testows the Croix de Guerre; No_wild huzzas acclaim 'them: No_ *'front-page heroes™ they, The lads who give us service plus— The boys in bluish-grar. In_gloomy eity canyon, In winding village street, On_upland chill or arid plain, Their steady footsteps beat! With hesvy-laden knapsacks They “carry on” each da: No_slackers mar the columas of Tnese boys in bluish-grar. They do not stop for weather, Whatever storme {mpend: A sacred obli airectly gri gen- Sherwood, of ity he 6 The men who bring The boys in blulsh-gray. . * ok K X And speaking of postal employes reminds us of the aphorism used by Representative William D, Upshaw of Georgia, declaiming at once for a liv- ing wage for postal workers and against linking up with it an increase in postal rates on newspapers and magazines. He declared such tactics to be “an alibl for the President and a lullaby for the neglected postal em- ployes.” He spoke out right sharp in meeting and charged that “this Gov- ernment needs a new conscience on the question of a living wage for working men and women.” Then he quoted from the great poet of the Southland, Henry Grady—“teach a man that his soverelgnty lies beneath his hat—link him, to a spot of earth, and his loyalty will save the repub- lic when the drum tap is futile and the barracks are forever deserted.” But such a spot of earth that is called “home” must not be a place of squalor, of scanty food, scanty cloth- ing and the daily grind of financial anxlety, said Representative Upshaw. AT R The historians may continue to dis- cuss the identity of the winner of the World War, but what we want to know is: Who, if anybody, won the Chinese war?—Asheville Times. Zero is something to quarrel about one's Tight to the Russian throne.— Baltimere Eveaing Sus, MEN AND AFFAIRS BY ROBERT T. SMALL. Here is _another story or reminis- cence by Jusserand. Apparently they will never end. When a man has been in high offictal life In Washing- ton for 22 years it is but natural to find him a perfect gold mine of in- formation and pertinent recollection. The latest story has to do with the visit of John Morley, afterward Lord Morley, to this country toward the close of the Roosevelt administra tion at the White House. Morley had been in the country some time and was taking leave of official Washington. He was Jusserand's Ruest at luncheon and the two were talking tete-a-tete. Having become falrly well Amer- fcanized the French Ambassador @sked his distinguished English friend what had most impressed him during his stay in America. Morley did not hestitate before beginning his reply. “There ars two .great things! he #aid. “They have Impressed me as &0 much alike I shall ever assoclate the two. In my mind they shall be inseparable. They have the same characteristics of tremendousnes: roar and force and energy. They overwhelm you. “One is Niagara, the other Roose- vele” * x ox % Republics notorfously ful. 1s the American republic unfair as well? The thought is called forth by the retirement on Thursday of Mal. n. Robert Lee Bullard, who com- manded the American 2d Army in France during the World War, Bullard retired after 44 years of dis tinguished service, taking with him only the rank which had come to him are ungrate- Gen through the working out of the rule| of senfority in the Army. One of the real great figures of the World War, coming out of the ct with the temporary rank of lieutenant general, this moldier, probably the best beloved all the Arm s been permltted his country to pass on with but scant meed of praise and no ser blance of substantial reward. Bullard has taken with hi private life the more priceless herituge, per- haps, of duty well and faithfully dor the profound respect and the unque tioned affection of those with whom he has worked and served The retirement of Gen Bullard, fol- lowing that of Gen. I Liggett, Fifty Years Ago In The Star HAlf @ cent was annually Gen. a ry The ago Was scene of me organizations Woman ing for the extensfon of the franchise the Suffrege. L0 or Amerioa. ' 1n January, 1875, such & meeting was held herb, that of the Natlonal Wom- an Suffrage Assoclation, headed by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. This organization was dis- t from the Amerlcan Woman Suf- rage Association, In which Lucy Stone Blackwell, Julta Ward Howe and Mary A. Livermore were prom nent. In the report of the meeting printed January 14, 1875 an count of the difference between th two organizations, which were work- ing to the same end but along so what it lines, just later years, on the eve of the adoptic of the seventeenth amendment to Federal Constitution, two ass tions were formed, likewise working by different methods to the same end. The Star's report noted that Miss An- thony had announced that speakers at the meeting must confine them selves to the one subject—votes for women— and that all attempts to di- vert discussion to side issues would be promptly and sharply rebuked. Notwithstanding Miss Anthony's announcement, Dr. Mary Walker made her usual attempt to talk on dress reform. Mrs. Stanton, who was pre- siding, tried to check her, whereupon the ploneer of feminine trous sisted. The audfence divided in timent as to whether or not would be permitted to speak, finally, when Miss Anthony came to the rescus with her customary vigor and put the question to those present, the decision was overwhelmingly in favor of eliminating the “doctor.” The next day, according to The Star of January 15, Dr. Walker again un- dertook to speak and caused a o iderable turmoll. She did, however, er have her innings by occupying he platform during a recess of the when she read a lengthy paper entitled “The Crowning Consti- tutional Argument.” * * * Fifty years ago public opinfon re- garding legal execution was under- going a change, and a Execution of movement was under way to prevent the su- Criminals. [0” 30070r the taw from becoming & spectacle. In The Star of January 15, 1875, s the following: “In Maryland and some other States the execution of eriminals for capital offenses is a public affair and is al- ways certaln to attract large and ap- preciative audiences. The halt and the blind, the young and the old, the rich and the poor flock to the place of execution in crowds, on horseback and on all kinds of ve- hicles, and the occasion is made a gala day. ‘Butchered to make a Ro- man holiday’ was once the correct thing to characterize the gladiatorial combats in the seven-hilled city, and one Is forcibly reminded of the ex- pression when reading accounts of the scenes of public executions In the nineteenth century. In the States where executions are conducted in private the law limits the attendance to the sheriff and assistants, a few officlals and reporters of the press. The pressure for tickets of admission, however, is generally so great that the officer in charge of the execution is frequently induced to evade the aw by deputizing a large number of applicants as his assistants, This practice, it would appear, Gov. Tilden of New York, is Inclined to break up, as he has cailed the attention of the sheriff of Queens County, whose un- pleasant task it s to ‘work off’ two murderers on the 16th instant, to the laws of the State bearing on the at- tendance of executlons and states that he shall expect him to rigidly enforce them. The governor further savs that the appointment of spectal depu- ties or other assistants will be re- garded as an evasion of the statute, and that the State, in providing for the deplorable necessity of taking life to explate crime, Intends that the d3 ing agontes of the criminal shall not be exposed to public view or be made the subject of idle and morbid curi- osity.” s per- n- she * * = Considering the height to which bulldings in New York City have been 3 carried since that “Skyscrapers” date, the follow- ing paragraph in of New York. Tn, star of Jan- uary 16, 1875, has a peculiar interest. ‘The highest building in the world, public or private, is that recently erected for its ofMices in New York by the Western Union Telegraph Co. Its main portion is only 46 feet lower than the top of Bunker Hill Monu- ment, while its clock tower reaches to a height of 6 feet above that structure, or 226 feet clear, and its flagstaff pierces the air still higher, by a reach of 63 feet. But when these things are sald nearly eversthing in its favor is said, so far, at least, as its external appearance goes. #fih for ity breadth, so.hat ity and harmony of pro- and | lame, the | 1t §s very | who commanded the American Ist Army, calls attention anew to the fact that Congress has granted but one big reward to x soldier of the World War and that was in making John J. Pershing permanent In the rank of general. There has baen only praise for Cougress in the Pershing bestowal, but there alss has been & very general feeling that Congress might well have gona a bit further and granted the rank of llentenant general to the men who actually com-~ manded the American armies in the fleld. Brother officers of thesa gen- erals have been the most keenly hurt by the relustance of Congress to go beyond Gen. Pershing In recogmizing any service rendered in the war. These brother officers have felt that Liggett and Bullard were entitied to the higher rank and several have pledged themselves still to work for what they hops may coms as an act of belated justic Gen. Bullard's rervice in France was brilliant. He started out as com mander of an officers’ school in Jyor Tose to command of the famous 1st Division, then to the command of a corps and finally was pla Ter shing at the head of the Army There never was any question in the Army as to his ability and the acter of his service. Thers «f none on the part of Congress Bruce Barton, magazine writer high priest of advertis telis | amusing story which may or ray not | be ag f the recent hoom davs In Wall Street. It [s the story of tha | with his banker, at Newport moraing they s r said tire That | vaeht of Mr. Mor & Co And Mr, I pos o on od together and the ban | “po sce 1l boat private Morgar &en that tho pri of Higginson & Lee And there do Mr Harris, private Harris Win- at throp Co.’* : “Walt @ min ust a mir r's W cricd the visttor the custo- upen him. plow t of the ut members dislike it ememed he Japa asking the p Bureau ™ Burean ordered with a meov a1 can ses no Spratt in the shared by all They held night. We could about it. The snow was cats of our alley. > about it one em going were ani- discussions s lamp wa der. Big Then ther ¥ and These smaller tigers sat respectful in the back seats, giving the places of honor to the older animals. They re- minded one of the poor relations at a great family reunion, those poor cousins from the country who feel that their very presence is an infringement, but who are very proud to be present, ans- Jack ing the presic loud hood, to earth. “Fellow { ‘Somethin snow bus iniquit It is unneces- sary. It is absolutely unfounded. ‘rom. a high authority I am able to Inform you, fellow cats, that men are not responsible for this snow. Congress is not responsible for this snow. The District government is not responsible. The Budget Bureau is not responsible No, fellow cats, must be ruled out. you this as absc upon thie staten n undoub 1 authority, whose name you would know instantly If I were at liberty to reveal it. *“This authority had me in to break fast the other morning—a thing, by the way, which he quite often does- , 'very often—and he then and told me in confidence the true source of the snow.” Jack Spratt. orato; with his stronz right “Now I will tell vou me. I will tely upon vour honor as cats not to reveal to the general public what T am about to tell yoi All in favor please say ‘Meow.'™ “Mee-ow!” howled the conventio “Who is responsible for the snow ™ screamed Spratt. working himsel oratorical heights. Who, I ask, is responsible for this blanket of cursed wetness? Ah, gentlemen, I dare to assert that there is just one thing responsible for this snow. Jack sunk his voice to a plaintive whisper. is Nature” breathed. t is hell!” roared a voice window, following which « bucket cold water splashed downward the convention was adjourn Spratt. our cat, was address- assemblage. Maybe he was clear soprano floated the % cats,” & must ness roared Mr. be done ubout It is unjust absolutely this 1t is is se factors able to tell truth, based gestioulated w. what he told he from & T portion, and this unpleasant effect is heightened rather than Subdued by the strong contrast presented in the alternate lines of light granite and red brick, as well as by the almost in- numerable windows with which Its walls are plerced. The same ecriti- | clsm applies, though in less degree to the new Tribune Building, or much of it as will probably be built If the whole structure shall ever be ‘cumnlelfid. as originally designed, the effect will be more pleasing than now, but at present its height is tee great for its breadth and depth®™