Evening Star Newspaper, December 28, 1924, Page 35

- Everyday Religion Not a Talk BY RIGHT on Theology, But Upon Life and Right Living. REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D. Bishop of Washington. FINDING HELP. Psalm lzavii, part second verse—“In | the time of Lord.” my trouble I sought the HIE garden of Eden is evident- 1y not the ideal place in which man’s moral nature reaches its highest and richest de- velopment. No one seeks a erisls, and yet when it comes, no true-hearted man avoids it. There is « value in crises and stern and diffi- cult situations that, rightly appraised, is incalculably great. Indeed, it is safe to say that the best that is in us finds its strongest impulse in some ethsemane. The fibres of the soul re strengthened through resistence. There are those who would tell us today that the Bible and our Christian religion have lost their hold upon men: that even the ministers them- selves are confused and bewildered Be this as it' may, even apart from the church and its doctrines, the search for spiritual satisfaction, the seeking for that which brings heart's ease, s on unabated and unhindered. The reason for this is that no external changes, social, economic or political, can affect the normal yecarnings and aspirations of the human soul * x % * Whether savage or civilized, the religious instinct in man is conspleu- ously evident. The religious litera- ture of the world, from its earliest own history, tells the story of man’s search for the satisfaction of his deeper spiritual nature. He may zrow careless and indifferent in days of prosperity, but inevitably when shadows fall across his pathway, when the mysteries of life become in- soluble, he turns away from human reasoning and seeks that peace and assurance that come from faith in things divine. He cannot get on without some theory of God and His vurposes. He is compelled to believe that behind all the confusions and prob- lems of life resides a plan and a purpose. such a situation that forced ples of Christ to cry out to whom shall we go? Thou alone hast the words of eternal life.” A later disciple, Edith Cavell, when every human support was withdrawn and deep dows were gathering, found an inexpressible peace and sat- sfaction in a strong religious convic- on that sustained and comforted her. e would seem to say on that gray morning, as she faced her execution- ers: “This is the victory that over- cometh the world, even our faith.” L In his remarkable book “Raymond” Sir Oliver Lodge recounts the story of hls great affliction in the death of his young son who fell in action. One of the choicest things in the narrative is Mrs. Lodge's brief note in which she speaks of the re. entitled |turn of her son's Bible that was | found in the pocket of his coat. She says: “The religlous side of Raymond was hardly known to the family, but among his possessions at the front was found a small pocket Bible and on the fly leaf, penciled in his writing, is an inde to the passages which I copy here. She then gives the texts which this 32-year-old boy had marked and in which evidently he had found his deepest satisfaction. That he had read the book assidu- ously Is quite evident and the pas- | sages he marked bear evidence of |the fine discrimination with which | he read, as well as the desire he had to discover in his reading God's pur- pose and plan. * hiwa Going into action he found assur- ance in this text: “The eternal God |is thy refuge and underneath are the everlasting arms,” and again In this ome: “If thy presence B0 not with me, carry us not up hence.” On another occasion we can almost visualize him in his quarters ponder- ing this word: “They that wait upon | the Lord shall renew theiv strength,” | or this: “Behold, God is my salvation; I will trust and not be afraid” On days when shadows were falling and comrades were being swept away in the red flood of battle. he seeks guid- ance and comfort in the tender words of the Great Master: “Come unto me, all ye that labor and are heavy laden, and T will give you rest.” Clearly marked are these immortal words: “Let not your heart be | troubled, neither let it be afraid,” and again: “In the world ye shall have tribulation; but be of good cheer, 1 have overcome the world." Growing day by day through medi- tation and compelled to face the sternest issues of life, the young | soldier comes at length to find his | falth expressed in these triumphant | words: “Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? Shall tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or the sword? Who will say what comfort, what upport and strength this youth found as in the time of his trouble | he sought the Lord? Thousands, aye, | millions like him, without any show of ostentation, have turned to this old Book and found in it the great help that they needed in the day of trouble. Today is the last Sunday passing year. As we try to stand the mysteries of life, try to solve its hard problems, yes, as we try to get light on obscure and darkened pathways, to whom shall we turn if not to Him who alone | has declared: “I am the way and the truth and the life.” “Lord, to whom shall we go? Thou alone hast the words of eternal life.” of the under- Outlook for the A. F. of L. With William Green at Helm «« from First Page.) the chair of the American Federation of Labor the railroad brotherhoods, with their powerful influence, could probably be counted upon to become afiiliated with the American Federation of Labor. Now a miner, a member of a group openly opposing the brotherhoods, is in the chair. And another problem presents itself. Can Green, through diplomatic statesmansh over the trouble hetween miners and brotherhoods to such an extent that the latter will afiiliate with the American Federation of Labor? During the last years of Gompers' administration, only one serious threat at taking the power from his hands was made. This was a few vears ago, when John L. Lewis, pres ident of the United Mine Workers, ran against him for the presidency. Those were anxious days for the stand - pat conservatives in their scats of power in the federation. The threat failed. But it had the effect of convincing those in the Gompers dministration that there was quite @ group to be coped with should any irouble threaten in the future. Green, attaining the presidency from the hands of the executive coun- cil, which was a Gompers group ihrough and through, has the added advantage of his close association with John L. Lewis, a power among the progressives on the floor of the convention. This coalition—of Gom- pers’ conservatives and Lewls' pro- essives—is looked forward to as being of inestimable value to the Gompers smooth | But there is one fly in the oint- ment. James Duncan, veteran of four |decades in the labor movement, old wheel horse of the Gompers admin- |istiation, resigned from the executive council 'when Green was elected. Whether disatisfaction will accom- ipany this action is problematical. Duncan was spoken of for the presi- dency more than once. Ten years | ago, experts say, there would have been no question as to his choice to succeed Gompers. It Duncan on the floor of the con- vention can draw sufficient of the conservative followers into an alli- ance with disaffected groups, there may be some serious knots to un- tangle. It is another problem for the future—possibly the least welghty when lined up with others mentioned. Thus the new position of the Fed- THE ' SUNDAY O be executive secretary to one member of the Presiden cabinet is some job, but here is a man who is executive sec- retary for three Cabinet mem- bers and whose job—looking into the future—is to see that power, or en- &rgy, is developed so that there Is an adequate supply all over the country, thus allowing industry to be spread out to a greater degree than at pres- ent, particilarly near. the sources of raw material—which will result in decreasing the congestion of popula- tion {n industrial sections and avoid long, one-way freight hauls. He must have vision to plan and ex- ecutive ability to carry through ef- ficient, economic, properly-propor- tioned conservation of our resources. His Immediate effort is to get water power, which exists in many places in the United States, developed for the purpose of conserving coal sup- plies, for reducing energy costs and for interlocking with steam stations into big regional groups—to get more power for the same investment. ok o 0. C. Merrill is the executive secre- tary of the Federal Power Commis- sion, which is an ex officio body cre- ated by Congress, with the Secretary of War as chairman and the Secre- taries of the Interior and Agriculture as other members. He came into the Government service first in 1909 with the Forest Service as District engi- neer in San Francisco and then three years later he was called to Wash- ington as chief engineer of the Forest ervice until the passage of the water power act, when he was made executive secretary. These three cabinet members testi- fy that there is probably no better authority than Mr. Merrill in the United States, if in the world, on the legal, financial and technical prob- lems of power development. It can be truthfully said that he is the real father of the water power legislation. He drafted the bill and got it through Congress. * % Kk ok The Federal Power Commission, the three members-of the cabinet has placed on him the full authority and responsibility for administratton of the water power act. Each one of thess cabinet members Is good and plenty occupled with the proper con- duct of his own executive department So, the initiation and execution of water power policies is turned over to Mr. Merrill, and has proved to be entirely in the public interest Under this arrangement, Mr. Mer- rill deals directly with the depart- ment heads—not only the three on his own commission, but with all the other seven on matters of great im- portance concerning National natural resources. He deals similarly with representatives of the several States and of forelgn governments and of public utllity corporations. Proper development of the nation's water power resources, their control and utilization in industry, is one of the big economic jobs that the Fed- eral Government must handle right, and to do this the executive authority must be exercised by a man who is constantly and accurately informed on world developments and the true economic situation. * % %k % Just stop and consider that under his administration 204 permits and licenses are outstanding, aggregating 7,850,000 horsepower. Sixty-seven projects, With a prospective installa- tion of 2,782,000 horsepower, have been completed or are under construc- tion, of which 18, with a combined in- stallation of 259,000 horsepower, were started during the last year. Investments subject to control under Mr. Merrill's executive secretaryship BY HENRY W. BUNN, HE following is a brief sum- mary of the most important news of the world for the |eration of Labor looms up. A con- structive progressive is at the wheel, He has one of the largest unions of the federation—the miners, controll- ing 4,000 of a total 30,000 votes in the American Federation of Labor— whole-heartedly behind him. He has the executive councll behind him, for the executive council picked him. He has ideas to broach and problems to meet. And, best of all, he has the heritage left him by Samuel Gom- pers, national respect for the labor movement, and an open, unblased public field to fight future battles on. Further expansion awaits the Amer- lcan Federation of Labor If there are no missteps. But, taken all in all, the path for future growth seems fraught with pitfalls, and any slip may be fatal, not only to the leader new administration. Three Nations in a but also to the movement he leads. Rival Search For Gold Treasures in the North Sea The story of the rival expeditions of three nations, now manoeuvering far out in the North Sea, where the old Dutch Lloyd liner Tubantla, lies in 40 fathoms of water, with a big torpedo hole in her rusty side, and her hold full of golden treasures, is the most curious of the kind for many years A French syndicate, which ported to be backed by the French sovernment, is attempting to get divers into the wreck, while mys- terlous craft, which are reported to be flying the British flag, but who are said to be disguised Germans, are hovering constantly in the offing. Danish vessels are also on the scene. Desperate contention for posses- sifon of the treasure has already been twice threatened, and may develop vet when the precious metal begins coming to the surfac The Tubantla’s fate was tragic and fantastic at the same time. In 1916, when Germany was badly pressed for raw materials and with credit run- is re- ning low, it was decided to send two million gold marks in bullion to Buenos Alres to bolster up the credit there. The Dutch Lloyd liner Tu- bantia, took on the treasure cargo at Rotterdam, and for safety sake, the £old fngots were hidden away in- side the Dutch cheeses, which formed the bulk of the cargo. The gold shipment was naturally kept a strict secret, and was known only to the highest German officials. It was almost too secret, in fact, be cause a German submarine prowling off the Dutch coast observed the Tu- bantia acting suspiciously, and took a pot shot at her and sank her in three minutes, ‘One of the German agents aboard, disgulsed as a Danish mer- chant, was killed by the explosion. The rest of the crew drifted around in_small boats until picked up. Now it is reported that the French syndicate have cut their way into the hold and expect soon to bring up the golden cheeses, all stuffed with in- gots Move Launched by Science and Business Aims to Weed Unfits From Industry To weed misfits from American Industry and to make its millions of workers happler, more efficient and more productive, science and business have united in a nation-wide inves- tigation enlisting 20 fields, from medicine to organized labor, it was announced ” yesterday Alfred D. linn, director of the Engineering Foundation. The inqulry will be headed by the Personnel Research Federation, es- tablished under the auspices of the foungation and the National Research Counell, and of which Dr. W. V. Bingham of the Carnegie Institute of Technology, Pittsburgh, has, it was also announced, just been ap- pointed director. Prof. Bingham will establish headquarters at the offices of the foundation, 29 West Thirty- ninth street, New York. This step, according to Mr. Flinn, speaking in behalf of the federation’s board of governors, marks a turning point in the history of personnel management in this country. Arising during the war as a serious activity in hundreds of industrial plants, and spreading to colleges, engineering practice and other channels, it has undergone the tests imposed by the whole area of industrial relations and now emerges as a definite effort to study, from the standpoint of the national welfare, the value of what has become known as “the human factor.” Fixed National Habit. From the Boston Transcript. There were millions of new voters in this election, and most of them voted the Republican ticket. It seems to be a fixed national habit. May Have to Take It Back. ¥rom the Birmingham Age-Herald. It looks as if some newspapers would have to take back what they said about the Literary Digest's straw poll, seven dayg ended December 21: The British Empire.—Shortly after leaving the Croydon Alrdrome on De- cember 24, the express airplane bound for Paris crashed to earth, the pilot and the seven passengers being killed instantly. As the plane struck, the gasoline tank exploded and the bodies were inocinerated. I mentloned last week a note from the British government to the secre- tariat of the League of Nations, which asserted that the registration by the Irish Free State government with the secretariat of the London treaty of 1921, which created the Free State, was an impropriety, the treaty being an internal affair of the British Empire, with which the league is not competent to deal. The Free State government has dis- patched a note to the secretariat ex- pressing oomplete dissent from the attitude of the British government in this matter; a matter obviously of great importance, as opening up in a dramatic way the general question of the relations of the outlying com- monwealths of the empire to the cen- tral government. The British cabinet is considering a proposal, in line with the policy of imperial preference, that the impor- tation ipto Britain of meat from non- imperifl sources be limited to such required quantities as the empire can- not supply. The claim is made that were legislation to such an effect to be passed, Britain could, within from five to ten years be fully supplied from imperial sources. At present Britain imports meat from Argentina to the yearly value of about $25,000,000; more than three times as much as she imports from Australla. The British government is sound- ing the governments of the outlying commonwealths of the empire as to their willingness to send represent tives to London for en imperial con- ference on the Geneva protocol of “arbitration and security.” * ok kK Portugal.—On Christmas day war- ships of many nations assembled off Lisbon on the Tague to do honor to the memory of that great Portuguese, Don Vasco da Gama, who died at ' STAR, WASHINGTON T e 0. 0. M D. C., DECEMBER 28 ERRILL. approximate $500,000,000, and will in the near future exceed $1,000,000,000 So there will stand or fall, as he proves able on the job: Federal administration of the water power resources, The security of Proper national great natural His work and even as these Disposition rights and Jurisdiction ment, which total wate United State Disposition of approximately $3,000,- 000 acres of public lands in power site reserves. Valuation of all constructed proj- ects licensed under the act, which al- ready is nearing $1,000,000,000. Determination of the plans of de- velopment and supervision of the con- struction and maintenance of proj- ects built under the act istablishment of a system counts for corporations development of a resource. staggering responsibilities of all water-power privileges within the of the Federal Govern- means 85 per cent of the power resources of the of subject ac- to regulation by the United States under | the water-power act. General and special investigations of broad scope. The performance of this work for the commission In- volves the personnel of 32 and eight divisions of the Corps of Engineers, of 17 fleld districts of the Cochin on_Christmas day, 1524. In 1498 Da Gama discovered the —sea route from Europe to India around the Cape of Good Hope, 80 becoming one of the chief founders of the mod- ern world by revolutionizing the commerce of Europe with the East. Da Gama was a very brave and able man, but his treatment of the re- volted inhabitants of Calcutta in 1502 ‘was one of the most brutal perform- ances in human annals. He had the fortune of Agamemnon; for his path- finding voyage is the central incident of the Lusiads of Camoens. * Xk x * Germany.—On September 30 the German government presented to the 10 governments represented on the council of the League of Nations an identical note or memorandum ask- ing for information relating to the question of German membership in the League of Nations, or perhaps, rather, indicating certain pledges Germany must have ere she would consent to join the league, and fee ing for the attitude of the several governments toward the German re- quirements. So far as I know, that note was never officially published, but unofficially (and, T make no doubt, correctly) we were Informed that the German conditions included the fol lowing: Assurance of a permanent Geological Survey and of all eight German seat on the league council and an understanding, in view of the narrow limitation of Germany's armed strength by the Versailles treaty, that Germany would not be bound to assist in the disciplinary action against a naughty state pro- scribed by article XVI of the league covenant. Germany, moreover, stated the note, expected that, should she become a league member, she would receive representation on the man- dates commission and be made a league mandatory; in other words, would get back her lost colonies; but as to whether this was put as a con- dition of joining or merely as a state- ment of ‘what ought to be, my in- formation is not clear. The replies to the German note have not been published, but we know that the important ones, the French and British, assented to the proposal of permanent German rep- resentation on the council and ap- parently they expressed provisional dissent from the proposal of a privi- leged German position in respect of article XVI of the covenant, leaving the way open for discussidn thereof. On December 19 the German gov- ernment dispatched a note to the league council, and coples thereof to all the governments represented on the council, to which note was ap- pended, a copy of the identical note of September 30. The mew note re- afirms warm German interest in the question of joining the league, but argues at length the justice and necessity that Germany should, in case of joining, be exempted from participation in the ‘“sanctions” of article XVI of the covenant. The German argument is a power- ful one; the military weakness of Germany, her exposed position, her powerfully armed neighbors, etc. The note cleverly intimates that league proposals looking to ‘pacification ef the world contemplate, in general, an armed strength for each member state corresponding to its sizg, its population and the hazards of its po- sitions; wherefrom the deduction Is pleasantly obvious. But the submittal of the new note (particularly in respect of the mo- ment chosen for that submittal) is widely regarded as propaganda, in face of the disclosures by the inter- allied military commission of control in Germany, showing German sins of omission and commission in re the disarmament clauses of the Versailles treaty. Apparently its object is to divert attention from those sins by the claim that Germany is militarily too weak to undertake military obliga- tions as a league member. On December 24 the French foreign office issued a communique, as fol- lows: “Information gathered in Ger- many suffices to show the impos- sibility of evacuation of Cologne on January 10. New discoveries of hid- den arms by the interallied commis- sion of control can only have the ef- fect of strengthening the attitude adopted by the French government. - It will be recalled that the_ Ver- sailles treaty prescribed that Cologne should be evacuated five years after the going into effect of the treaty (i.e, on January 10, 1925), provided that Germany’s obligations up to that date should have been fulfilled. That result is that the British, who seem to be in full accord with the French as to the importance of the interallled commission’s disclosures, will continua to occupy the Cologne bridgehead after the coming January 10. One awalts impatiently publica- tion of the full report of the commis- ston. The most important of the com- mission’s findings made publlc to date is to the effect that, whereas, the | millions and even | billions on investments. involves such important | districts | [of the fera districts of the Forest * ok ok K As an illustration of the world im- portance of Mr. Merriil's work, it £hould be noted that he took a very | prominent part in the first world power conference in London from June 30 to July 13, 1924. More than 40 nations were represented, and there were about 500 delegates in | attendance. Mr. Merrill organized the participation of the United States, and was chairman of the American committee his was as important a non-po- litical international conference as has been held in recent years, for topics | were discussed of economic Impor- tance by the leading experts of the world on each particular subject. It afforded a reliable index of the rela- tive industrial possibilities of the countries, as well as of their indus- development and depletion of ources. resolution offered by Great Brit- and seconded by the United ates, and unanimously adopted was s follows: “This conference is of the opinion that the world's most cry- ing need today is greater production and manufacturing activity among peoples under conditions which will promote individual prosperity and happiness, and that this can be largely achieved by the fuller de- velopment of national power re- sources and by the establishment of the most economical means for the | reichswehr (the German army) is limited by the Versailles treaty to 100,000 men, a force of 100,000 police is practically a duplicate of the reichswehr, getting a similar train- fng and recelving its orders from Gen. von Seeckt, commander-in-chief of the reischwehr, and that the per- sonnel of both reischwehr and police is being rapidly changed so as to re- peat the trick whereby Scharnhorst compassed Napoleon's downfall. Obviously this is a new ecritical phase of great importance. The Ger- man Nationalists are playing up the allled declsion regarding Cologne as proof of allied insincerity, and by the same token, as a convincing ar- gument that the country needs a government by 100 per cent patriots, namely themselves, who would not al- low any more bamboozlement. The: seems to be some danger that th will win upon the Liberal sentiment of the country sufficiently to effect their aim. On the other hand, there is good ground for hope that the majority of Germans will recognize that Ger- man recovery depends on treaty ful- fillment and that they have, in fact, been betrayed by the evasions and violations. = But it is distressingly obvious how magnificent is the op- portunity for Nationalist propaganda. To illustrate the possibilities in the situation, the German Industrial As- sociation passed a resolution on the 22d demanding that the go. *nment repudiate the Dawes plan If the al- lies do not evacuate Cologne on Jan- uary 10. Yet I would not danger. overstress the Germany has made remark- able recovery since the Institution of the Dawes plan. The majority of Germans must know that to accept the guidance of the Natfonalists would be to imperil the new fabric of prosperity and to invite returns of the conditions of 1922-23. The cabinet impasse continues. The Nationalist press threatens a coup, backed by the reicshwehr, whence a Nationalist and Peoples’ party gov- ernment. “If necessary, entire elim! nation of parliamentary government.” * ok ok K Ttaly.—Mussolinl has done a bold thing. He has submitted to the Ital- ian chamber a bill which proposes re-enactment in substance of the electoral law, which was superseded only a few months ago by the some- what curfous law under which the present chamber was elected. Quite naturally the chamber gasped at this most Mussolinistic of Mussolinisms. The chamber will consider and no doubt pass the bill when it meets after the Christmas recess. The proposal is interpreted (and the inferenco seems clear) as indi- cating new general elections in the not distant future. The idea of res- toration of the old electoral law, so much more favorable to their chances than the new one, pleases the oppo- sition, of course. But elections under the auspices of a Fhscist government—"free elections under a Fascist government?” It is to laugh. “Ergo, the government must resign.” That Mussolini will' resign seems, however, out of thé question. But do mnot be too sure; Mussolini might do it, after -making certain prelim- inary arrangements. It would strike the popular imagination, and an ap- peal to the popular imagination might, as things are going, be neces- sary to save the situation. Mussolini hopes for return of a chamber majority of Fasclst “legal- ists.” The Fascist “savages” are not at all pleased with the prospect. After all, we shall bave to “hand it" 1924—PART 2. |®eneral distribution and utilization of energy.” * ok ok ok - ‘While looking far into the future for a comprehensive plan of power development, Mr. Merrill is one of those practical experts who_ believes we should “act, act in the living presence.” He hopes to have worked out during the coming year a com- prehensive study of river plants, em- phasizing that our rivers, while bet- ter adapted to the needs of the peo- ple than those of any other country, are not adequately used—just President Roosevelt complained Congress 16 years ago. We have had a hit and miss de- velopment of our waterways, he com- plaips, both for transportation and nower, only occasionally have we anything like a definite plan for us- Ing them for both purposcs. For ten years, from 1907 to 1917, Senator Newlands worked persist- ently for passage of legislation fa- vored by the Inland Waterways Com- mission, which was finally adopted as an amendment to the rivers and harbars act for creation of a water- ways commission which would bring into co-operation and co-ordination the engineering. scientific and con- structive agencies of the Federal Government for preparation of re- commendations to Congress qn a comprehensive plan of waterwaysand water resources of the United States. The United States was then called upon to devote its energies to win- ning the World War. Three years later, when the Federal Power Com- mission was formed, some of its du- ties and powers paralleled those given to this waterways commission, s0 Congress repealed that section of the rivers and harbors act creating the waterw 8 commission. “It is estimated that some 4,300 miles of river in the United States are suitable for power development and for a form ofsnavigation appropriate to such power development, with no less than 10,000,000 potential water horsepower. to Xy Now, Mr. Merrill argues that universally recognized that the fu- ture of American industry and trans- portation is dependent upon the use of electric energy, and that in the production of such energy water power should be used to the full ex- tent of its economic feasibility. He urges that Congress showd grant adequate authority under the Fed- | eral water-power act to carry out the | program so long advocated by I | dents Roosevelt and Wilson and ap- | proved by Congress seven years ago, |at a time when war conditions pre- | vented the legislation being carried | out Legislation is now pending in Con- gress which would make it possible for this work to be done, and the Federal Power Commission has ad- vised Congress that it “believes the need for comprehensive plans of com- bined power and navigation use of our rivers and for increased produc- tion of electric power has never been S0 urgent us now.” and that it “be- | lieves the cost of such plans would | be returned many times over in the creation of new national wealth, and that to fall to act when means available without the necessit calling upon the Federal Treas would evidence a serious lack business foresight.” Leaders in Congress have for the last six or eight years been watching the devoted work of O. C. Merrill backed by expert knowledge of the legal, financial, economic and techni- cal problems related to the subject of power development on a gigantic, na- tion-wide scale, and they are agreed that few men in the Federal service are doing their own particular job any better than Merrill is doing his. it esi- are of The Story the Week Has Told to Mussolini. In ing, he is superb, On December 24 Pope Pius, mally opening the Holy Door in St Peter's Basicila. inaugurated the twenty-third Roman Cathol Jjubilee vear. The ceremony was one of al- most unexampled magnificenc The first jubilee year was the year 1300. United States of Amerfcan—Mr. Green, the new president of the Amer- ican Federation of Labor, has pledged himself “to adhere to the fundamen- tal principles of trade unionism championed by Mr. Gompers.’ He is, so to speak, a liberal con- servative. He was a strong advocate of the “Workers Educational Bu- reau.” He was the author of the Ohio workmen's compensation law. At the Montreal convention in 1920 he spoke for Government ownership of rail- roads. Obviously he is a champion of social legislation. On the other hand he alone at the El Paso convention several weeks ago spoke against the proposal that labor enter the In- surance business. He moved for the ejection of William F. Dunn, the communist, at the Portland conven- tion of 1923; he has vigorously fought the radical extremists in the mine workers organization. He op- posed ratification of Mr. La Follette by the federation. He is a Democr: t and was Ohio State senator, 1911-15. His homd is at Coshocton, Ohio, where he was born fifty-one yvears ago, his English father and Welsh mother having emigrated to this country in 1868. He went to work in the mines at the age of 16, The election of Mr. Green was a disappointment to James Duncan, who has been first vice president of the federation for 30 years and who hoped to fill Mr. Gomper's unexpired term. Mr. Duncan has resigned from the executive council. * ok ok Miscellaneous. — Apparently the counter-revolutionists are getting the upper hand in Albania. They have captured Tirana, the capital, The Chinese provisional ’ govern- ment, headed by Gen. Tuan Chl Jui, has given the assurances requested by the governments of the United States, Belgium, Great Britain, France, Italy, Japan and the Nether- lands whereof 1 spoke in my last summary. Prince Yanuhito, second son of the Emperor of Japan, is to take a two- year course at Oxford. The Egyptian Parliament was dis- solved by royal decree on December 23 and general elections will take place February 24. The government established by the military junta of Chile has resigned and the junta is to disband, and thus a very unfortunate episode is ended. manner of speak- by for- . Laughing Cactus. A naturalist, just returned to Cairo from Arabia, describes a plant called the “laughing cactus.” The plant gets its name from the fact that any one eating its seed gives way for some ‘minutes afterward to immod- erate laughter, frequently ending in nervous prostration. The natives of the district in which the plant flourishes dry the seeds and grind them into powder, which they keep, and, on suitable occasions, ad- minister to those against whom they have a real or fancied grievance. An overdose may resuit in tempo- rary loss of reason. following which the victim falls into a dcep sicep. awakening with no memory of his curifus conduct, L Howe About The Herd; Future Barbarians; French Literature. BY E. W. HOWE, | “The Sage of Potato Hill.” F an old custom has long sur- vived there is the wisdom of experience back of it. And nothing has been taught so long, or by so many, as that a man should, for his own selfish interest, accept the rules men have adopted as pfor convenience, safety and advance- ment, and called morals. I refer to this fact a good many times, in the hope that I may induce a few to ac- cept the importance of the old teach- ing, and better care for themselves and their country. e There never,was a man entirely in- telligent, or entirely moral; and H. G. Wells says there never was a man who lived steadfastly, completely and continuously in pursuit of great ends The best man can do, the best a man ever does, is to make his aver- age a little or good deal better than the average of mankind. That is success. We are not gods, but ani- mals. One dead man is as good as another, but a living man may, by propes effort, rise above the com- mon herd. And this rising above the common herd is the finest thing in life. * * % A man should not be too good na- tured. A certain gravity, reserve force, and disposition to back up what he says becomes a real man. Dén't overdo politeness or good na- ture; occasionally a man must read the riot act, and riot, if necessary Rough necks must be handled. The man 1 most dislike is too amiable. And I heard & tough story about him the other day. The real men I know won't stand crowding. Every man ‘who amounts to any- thing must have some of the rough stuff in him, and know something about it. A capable man cannot al- ways smile, smile, smile; he must show his fangs occasionally and keep them sharp for an emergency If he should meet a wolf (and there are a good many wolves) he must know something about them, and be able to make wolves as well as ga- zelles respect h * It's your business to watch hypocrite, the thief, the loafer, liar. Thus he 1 not harm you. but himself, which is what is coming to him. the * % x % We have all been brought up on the story that seven different civiliz tions have ended in bankruptey, and that ours will go the same way. It is said we will become eo idle and effiminate devoted to “good times” ai luxury, so dislike the real staff of life, that finally a race of strong, simple men will come along, throw us into bankruptcy and slavery, and take possession of the country. And 1 am of the opinion that when we are thrown out of our homes and b places, and thereafter be- iness the | | met come servants to new masters, we will be succeeded by men who have few of our most conspicuous bad habits. The new men will control their women and children, certainly. and not play many foolish games, or belong to many foolish clubs. They will go directly at every problem and avoid the sentiment which is slowly ruining us. Half of the things we profess to believe in, we make fun of. The new men will believe in everything they profess to believe in. We will call them barbarians, but they will have excellent common sense. They may fight among themselves a good deal, but when it comes to the main issues of enslaving the fool Yankees they will act as a unit; they will not have three or four different parties: we cannot divide them with the Ku Klux, the Protestant, the Re publican, the Progressive, the Demo crat or other of our well known is- sues. They will stand together for thei barbarianism. They may finally divide on bssues of their own, but they will pay no attention to ours. * ¥ * Nearly every man believes tie world is going to the devil, and that the next few yvears will show great changes. And all are mistaken; the world will carry on in future as us- ual, with a few changes and im provements men ' learn from ex perience. History records a few vio lent changes, but in each case the people didn’t like the change, and went back to the old tiresome but safer conditions. Base the next 20 years on the 20 years you have lived and know about and you will be right iy made of patent s Fun is universally medicine téstimonials T rather like the idea uppose a man has been benefited by suggestion or remedy. In the name of high heaven, should he not wish to pass it on to others who are afflicted? 1 lately suggested my actually bought in_an a_little apparatus advertisement. It needs so perfectly that I would not take a thousand dollars for it, if 1 could not get a other like it. I restrain myself with difficulty: I want to write the manufacturer, and all him a benefactor. He charged me a good price, and is getting rich, but is a benefactor just the same. A pecu r thing is that no apparat- us equally good is sold at the stores. Why do not dealers handle it? Why do t those who call at stores get the best there is. One apparatus for the same purpose is generally sold. and so bad that the ufacturer could be successfully, prosecuted for using the mails to defraud, because of wide advertising. right, 1924 Napoleon, Mehmed A Wilson- Seen Behind Egypt’s Struggle ntinued from First Page.) maging among the heaps of ruins. Suddenly he came across a Sl:\l)_of basalt which carried three inscrip- tions. One of them was in Greek, the others in hieroglyphics. It was the slab that became famous later as the Rosetta stone. Another Frenchman, Champollion, spent 20 years in de- ciphering the hieroglyphic inscription by comparing it with the correspond- ing Greek inscription. The closed book of the history of the Pharaohs was laid open at last. The silent mon- uments of Egypt were endowed with speech "In the meanwhile, however, the Turk- Ish forces arrived in Egypt to free it of the invaders and reassert the rule of the Sultan. British forces were landed, too, to aesist the Turks against the French. At length the invaders were forced to surrender. And then it was that the triangular contest—between the British, the troops of the Sultan and the forces of Mehmed Ali—for the mastery of Egypt began. For, as the war went on, the Lieut. Mehmed Ali had succeeded in gathering about him and under his command all the Albanians who were in the service of the Sultan. He now had a well or- ganized cavalry force of 4,000 banians. Mehmed Conquers Egypt. He first allied himself with the Turks and against the British. When the lat- ter were driven out of Egypt, Mehmed Ali turned his arms against the forces of the Sultan. In 1805 he was complete master of the situation, and the Sultan | acknowledged him as the hereditary pasha or governor of Egypt Theoretically he was under the su- zerainty of the Turkish Sultan. But during his 20 years' long rule over Egypt Mehmed Ali was as independent and absolute a ruler as the Sultan him- self. When his suzerain seemed to be oblivious of a promise he had given to | Mehmed Ali to give the latter's son, Ibrahim, the hereditary governorship of Syria, the Pasha of Egypt embarked in 1835 on a spectacular war against hi overlord. The Egyptian forces, com- manded by his worthy son Ibrahim, car- ried the war to the gates of Constanti nople, following the conquest of Asia Minor. Even the capital of the Turkish empire would have fallen in his hands were it not for the fact that Russia, England and France hastened, with their fleets, to the defense of Constanti- nople. It was thus that Mehmed Ali, “this rough man of genius,” as Lord Cromer terms him, launched Egypt in the direc- tion of independent existence. His vigor- our rule shook the Egyptians out of their somnolence, and his achievements on behalf of their country “created in the rising generation of Egyptians a sense of pride which became the germ of Egyptian nationalism,” Sir Valentine Chirol says. _ Moltke Sees Service. The success of Kis policy was assured by his discriminating selection of men to eerve him. Europeans of all trades and professions were invited and em- ployed by him both in organizing the administration and in developing the re- sources of the country. It is interesting to know that the famous Moltke of the Austro-Prussian War of 1866 and the Franco-Prussian War of 1870 was in the service of Mehmed Ali Pasha as or- ganizer of the Egyptian military forces. The pasha had also a great regard for his own _countrymen, whether Christians or Moslems. Every Alba- nian was welcome within his domains. It is said, indeed, that, in an effort to induce them to settle in Egypt, Mehmed Ali had resort to a rather unique scheme for endowing them with lands. /They were “allowed to occupy for themselves as much land as they were able to cover by run- ning around it at full speed and with- out stopping for breath. Lastly, one of his most interest- ing achievements was the conquest of SudaT; in 1822, the Anglb-Egyp- tian Sudan of today, the disputed possession of which precipitated the present crisis. After his death, his successors fol- lowed his policy of Egyptian develop- ment, un Al- | 1 the extravagant habits of | xna Low It Is certain. a pretext to obtain a better control of the Suez Canal through a military occupation of Egypt. Ostensibly the British went in to run the finances for the benefit of foreign bondhold- ers; but little by little the whole government passed into the hands ot the British commissioners, and the khedives, as the hereditary pasha came to be known, retained only the shadow of power. 1914 Sees New Conflict Start. But the germs of Egyptian national- ism were at work. Under the efficient but high-handed British rule national consciousness began to pervade even the most indolent masses and the ini- position of a British protectorate in 1% elerated rather than retarded the Mmevitable conflict. The signal for an open attack against British domination was given | when Woodrow Wilson expounded his principle of self-determination. That was the determining factor in giving stentorian tones to the earlier muffied cries for liberty and independence. In Wilson's preaching for justice to oppressed nations the Egyptians found at last an echo of their own yearnings. With the President on their against British rule, put an end to foreign That was in 1920. Two years later, years of cease- less agit and occasional blood- shed, Great Britain had to sign away a substantial part of her control over Egypt. On March 16, 1 , a British proclamation declared the land of ti pharaohs a “Sovereign Independent State, under the rule of His Maj- esty, King Fuad I, eighth descendant of the great Mehmed Ali, in the di- rect male line. It may be noted that Prince Fuad, the present ruler of Egypt, was candidate for the throne of Albania in 1912, but Albania was unwilling to consider the candidacy of a Moslem prince, even though he was of her own flesh and blood. of the American lips they rose determined to domination. name German Oil Engine Largest Ever Built What is probably the largest and most powerful oil engine in the wotld is now under construction by the firm of Blohm & Voss, Hani- burg This engine, which has been order- ed for the electric power station at Hamburg, will develop 13,000 horse- power, while the largest internal combustion motor built hitherto de- velops only 8,000 horsepower, this last named having been constructed in England. The giant German engine is a nine- cylinder, double-acting, two-stroke motor, constructed from the latest deflgns of the Augsburg-Nuramburg machine works, whose license the Hamburg firm holds. With a diame- eter of 33% inches each cylinder de- velops 1,670 horsepower, whereas an output of 1,000 horsepower per cylin- der previously has been considered remarkable. Although the big engine is to be employed in a power station, it could be adapted for propelling simply by fitting reversing gear. Its construc- tion opens up new possibilities for the development of motor shipping, for two such engines installed in a ship would develop 30,000 horsepower, which exceeds the power generated by the steam machinery of many fast ocean liners. Joys of Great Outdoors. From the Lexington Leader. The man who has no acquaintance with the great open spaces has no idea. how wonderful nature is or Kow many Insects there are. More New England Thrift. From the Kansas City Times. It was widely suspected that Chalrman Butler of the Republican national committee was no politician He ended the Tewlik Pasha gave kEngland in 1882 cumnpuign with a surplus of $350,(5¢,